(Drumann, Geschichte Roms, been caused to historians and
archaeologists
by the
vol.
vol.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - c
2.
)
him, in defiance of the Jewish law, which gave no
SALLUÍSTIUS LUCULLUS, legatus of such power to the wife, and effected his death by
Britain under Domitian, was slain by that emperor representing to her brother that she had repudiated
because he had called some lances of a new shape him because she had discovered that he bad abused
Luculleae, after his own name. (Suet. Dom. 10. ) the royal clemency, and was still guilty of treason-
SALMO'NEUS (Laluwveús), a son of Aeolus able practices. This occurred in B. c. 26.
by Enarete, and a brother of Sisyphus. (Apollod. Against the sons of Mariamne, Alexander and
i. 7. & 3 ; Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. is. 252. ) He Aristobulus (ARISTOBULUS, No. 4. ], Salome con-
was first married to Alcidice and afterwards to tinued to cherish the same hatred with which sbe
Sidero ; by the former wife he was the father of had persecuted their mother to her fate ; and with
Tyro. (Hom. Od. xi. 235 ; Apollod. i. 9. & 8; this feeling she also strove successfully to infect
Diod. iv. 68. ) He originally lived in Thessaly, her own daughter, BERENICE, whom Aristobulus,
but emigrated to Elis, where he built the town of about B. c. 16, had received in marriage from Herod.
Salmone. (Strab. viii. p. 356. ) He there went so The hostility was cordially reciprocated by the
far in his presumption and arrogance, that he princes, who, however, were no match for the arts
deemed himself equal to Zeus, and ordered sacri- of Salome, aided too as she was by her brother
fices to be offered to himself; nay, he even Pheroras, and her nephew Antipater, and who only
imitated the thunder and lightning of Zeus, but played into the hands of their enemies by their
the father of the gods killed the presumptuous indiscreet violence of language. Salome did in-
man with his thunderbolt, destroyed his town, and deed herself incur for a time the displeasure of
punished him in the lower world. (Apollod. i. 9. Herod, who suspected her, with good reason, of
3 7; Lucian, Tin. 2 ; Virg. Aen. vi. 585, &c. ; having calumniated bim to his son Alexander, as
Hygin. Fab. 60, 61, 250 ; Claudian, in Rufin. harbouring evil designs towards Glaphyra, the
514. )
[L. S. ] wife of the latter, while his anger against her was
SALOME (Σαλώμη). 1. Also called Alex. further provoked by her undisguised passion for
andra, was the wife of Aristobulus I. , king of the Syllaeus, the minister of Obodas, king of the Na-
Jews, on whose death, in B. c. 106, she released bathaeans, and his ambassador at the Jewish court.
bis brothers, who had been thrown by him into Again, when Herod, lending a ready ear to the
prison, and advanced the eldest of them (Alex- calumnies against his son Alexander, had thrown
ander Jannaeus) to the throne (Joseph. Ant. xiii
. him into prison, the young man retaliated with
12. § 1, Bell. Jul. i. 4. § 1). By some she has charges of treason against Pheroras and Salowe,
-
## p. 699 (#715) ############################################
i
GET
COIN OF SALONINA.
SALONINA.
SALONINUS.
699
whereby the king's perplexity and tormenting Nus), upon the capture of Colonia Agrippina by
Blispicion were greatly increased. At length, how Postumus, in A. D. 259, she must have been mar-
ever, the machinations of Salome and her accom: ried before A. D. 242, that is upwards of ten years
plices prevailed against the princes, and succeeded before the elevation of Valerian. Zonaras asserts
in effecting their death, in B. c. 6. Nor was the that she witnessed with her own eyes the death of
favour of Herod ever afterwards withdrawn from her husband before the walls of Milan, in A. D.
his sister, who was prudent enough, indeed, to 268, a statement fully confirmed, as far as dates are
cultivate it assiduously. Thus, listening to the concerned, by the numerals found on Alexandrian
advice of the empress Livia, she obeyed her medals. Hence it is evident that Gibbon is mis-
brother in marrying Alexas, his confidant, though taken in supposing that Pipara or Pipa, the daughter
sorely against her will ; and she detected and put of the Suevic Attalus, had any claim to be regarded
him on his guard against the treasonable designs as the lawful spouse of Gallienus.
of ANTIPATER and Pheroras. It was to her The Roman medals of Silonina, which are very
accordingly, and to her husband Alexas, as those common, exhibit those nanies only which are placed
upon whom he could best depend, that Herod, on at the head of this article, but on the productions
his death-bed at Jericho, gave the atrocious order, of the Greek mint we find also the appellations
that the Jewish nobles, whom he had sent for and Julia (tor. KOP. CAANNINA), Public Licinia
shut up in the Hippodrome, should all be murdered (no. AIK, KOP. CAANNINA), and Chrysogono
there as soon as he breathed his last, so that his (CAANN. XPYCOONH, CEB. ). From the last
death might excite at any rate lamentations of some have concluded that she was of Grecian origin,
some kind. This command, however, they did not but of her family we know nothing. (For autho-
obey. On the decease of Herod, Salome received rities see GALLIENUS ; SALONINUS; VALERI-
as a bequest from him the towns of Jamnia, Azotus, ANUS. )
(W. R. )
and Phasaelis, besides a large quantity of money,
to which Augustus added a palace at Ascalon;
and Josephus tells us that her annual income
amounted altogether to 60 talents. She died during
the time that M. Ambivius was procurator of
Judea ; i. e. between 10 and 13 A. D. , leaving the
bulk of her possessions to the empress Livia. (Strab.
xvi. p. 765 ; Joseph. Ant. xiv. 7, xv. 3, 7, xvi. ),
3, 4, 7-11, xvii. 1, 2-9, 11, xviii. 2, Bell. Jud.
i. 8, 22-25, 28, 29, 32, 33, ii. 6, 9; Euseb. Hist.
Ecc. i. 8. )
3. A daughter of Herod the Great by Elpis.
In addition to what her father bequeathed to her, SALONI'NUS, was given by Asinius Pollio,
Augustus gave her a considerable dowry, and mar- as an agnomen to his son C. Asinius Gallus
ried her to one of the sons of Pheroras, Herod's (GALLUS, Asinius, No. 2). Asinius Gallus
brother. (Joseph. Ant. xvii. 1. $ 3, 8. $ 1, 11. § 5, seems not to have employed the name himself,
Bell. Jud. i. 28. § 4, 29. § 1, ii. 6. & 3. )
but he gave it as a cognomen to one of his sons
4. Daughter of Herodias by Herod Philip, son by Vipsania, the former wife of the emperor
of Herod the Great, was the maiden who pleased Tiberius. This son, Asinius Saloninus, died in
Herod Antipas by her dancing, and obtained from A. D. 28. (Tac. Ann. iii. 75. )
him the execution of John the Baptist. She was SALONI'NUS, P. LICI'NIUS CORNE'.
twice married - 1st to her uncle Philip, the te- LIUS VALERIANUS, son of Gallienus and
trarch of Ituraea and Trachonitis, who died Salonina, grandson of the emperor Valerian. When
childless ; and 2d, to her cousin Aristobulus, son his father and grandfather assumed the title of
of Herod king of Chalcis (ARISTOBULUS, No. 6. ), Augustus, in A. D. 253, the youth received the de-
by whom she had three sons (Matt. xiv. 8–12; signation of Caesar. Some years afterwards he
Mark, vi. 17–29; Joseph. Ant. xviii. 5. &$ 2, 4). was left in Gaul, under the charge of Silvanus, at
The legendary account of her death, as given by the period when Gallienus was hastily summoned
Nicephorus in bis Ecclesiastical History (i. 20), is to encounter the rebel Ingenuus, in Pannonia.
a very clumsy in vention.
(E. E. ] The insurrection headed by Postumus soon after
SALONIA, the second wife of Cato the Censor, broke out, and Saloninus was driven to take refuge
was the daughter of a scribe, and client of the in Colonia Agrippina, where he was put to death
latter, and bore the vigorous old man a son when by the conqueror, upon the capture of the city in
he had completed his eightieth year. This son, A. D. 259 (see Postumus), being at that time
who was called M. Cato Salonianus, was the about seventeen years old. In addition to the
grandfather of Cato Uticensis. (Plut. Cat. Maj. names placed at the head of this article, we find
24 ; Gell. xiii. 19. ) It is stated in Hieronymus Gallienus upon a coin of Perinthus (see also Zona-
(in Jovian. vol. iv. p. 190, ed. Paris) that the ras, xii. 24), and Egnatius upon one of Samos. The
name of Cato's second wife was Actoria Paula, appellations Cornelius Saloninus appear to have
but the name is probably a mistake of the copyist been inherited from his mother, the remainder from
for Aemilia Paula, who was the wife of the his paternal ancestors. Great embarrassment has
Censor's eldest son.
(Drumann, Geschichte Roms, been caused to historians and archaeologists by the
vol. v. p. 148, &c. ).
circumstance that, upon many of the numerous
SALONI'NA, the wife of Caecina, the general medals, both Greek and Roman, struck in his
of Vitellius. (Tac. Hist. ii. 20. )
honour, while he was yet alive, he is styled Augus-
SALONI'NA, CORNE'LÍA, Augusta, the tus ; while on those which commemorate his
wife of Gallienus and mother of Saloninus. Since apotheosis, he appears as Caesar only. Among
her son perished at the age of seventeen (SALONI. ) the various explanations proposed of this anomaly,
## p. 700 (#716) ############################################
700
SALONIUS.
SALVIANUS.
IL RIA
1 An:17
COIN OF SALONINUS.
the most plausible is founded upon the supposition SA'LPION, an Athenian sculptor, of unknown
that, when left alone in Gaul, he was invested for date, whose name is inscribed upon a large vase of
the time being with the rank of Augustus, in order Parian marble, beautifully sculptured with figures
that he might command more respect during the in high relief, representing Hermes giving the
absence of his father, but that the rank thus con- infant Dionysus to the Nymphs to educate. This
ferred being intended to serve a temporary purpose vase was found at Cormia, on the Gulf of Gaeta,
only, was extinguished by his death, Zonaras and was applied to use as a font in the cathedral
(xii. 24), when speaking of Gallienus, remarks, in of Gaeta, but was afterwards removed to the Nea-
passing, that his son, who was besieged by Postu- politan Museum, where it now is (Gruter, Thes.
mus, bore the same nanie with his father, was Inscr. p. lxxvii. No. 7 ; Spon, Miscellan. vol. ii.
regarded as heir to the empire, and was a comely 1, p. 25; Mus. Borbon. ; Nagler, Künstler-Lexicon,
and talented youth. (Trebell. Poll. Salonin. Gal. s. o. )
(P. S. )
lien. ; Zosim. i. 38 ; Gruter, Corp. Insc. cclxxv. SAʼLTIUS, SEX. , conducted with L. Con-
5 ; Brequigny, in the Mémoires de l'Academie de sidius a colony_to Capua, B. c. 83 (Cic. de Leg.
Sciences et Belles Lettres, vol. xxxii. p. 262 ; Eckhel, Agr. ii. 34). For details see Considius, No. 3.
vol. vii. p. 421. )
[W. R. ] SALVIA GENS, was properly speaking no
Roman gens.
A few insignificant persons of this
name are mentioned towards the end of the re-
public, but the name became of importance in the
imperial period from the emperor, M. Salvius
Otho, who was descended from an ancient and
noble family of the town of Ferentinum in
Etruria.
SALVIA TITISCENIA, a Roman female
mentioned by M. Antonius in a letter to Octavian.
(Suet. Aug. 69. )
SALVIA'NUS, an accomplished ecclesiastical
SALONIUS. 1. P. SALONIUS, had been writer of the fifth century, who, although never
tribune of the soldiers, and first centurion for raised to the episcopal dignity, is styled by Gen-
several alternate years, and was bated by the nadius," the master of bishops. " He was born
soldiers because he had been opposed to their somewhere in the vicinity of Trèves, a city with
mutinous projects in B. c. 312. (Liv. vii. 41. ) which he was evidently well acquainted. It is
2. C. SALONIUS, one of the triumvirs who uncertain whether he was educated in the true faith,
founded the colony at Tempsa in B. c. 194. He but he certainly was a Christian at the period of
was appointed in B. c. 173 one of the decemvirs his marriage with Palladia, a pagan lady of Cologne,
for dividing certain lands in Liguria and Cisalpine the daughter of Hypatius and Quieta ; for he not
Gaul among the Roman citizens and the Latins. only speedily convinced his wife of her errors, but
(Liv. xxxiv. 45, xlii. 4. )
after the birth of a daughter, Auspiciola, persuaded
3. Q. SALONIUS SARRA, praetor B. c. 192, ob- her to adopt some of the leading observances of a
tained Sicily as his province. (Liv. xxxv. 10, 20. ) monastic life. Having, in consequence of this step,
4. M. Salonius, the father of the second wife incurred the displeasure of his father-in-law, whom,
of Cato the Censor. [SALONIA. ]
however, after a lapse of seven years, he succeeded
SALONIUS, bishop of Genoa about the middle in appeasing, and eventually in converting, he
of the fifth century, was the son of Eucherius, removed to the south of France, and became a
bishop of Lyons, and the pupil of Salvianus (Sal- presbyter of the Church at Marseilles. Here he
VIANUS), who dedicated to him his two works, De passed the remainder of his life, enjoying the
Avaritia and De Providentia. He is supposed to friendship of the most distinguished among the holy
have died before A. D. 475, because in the acts of men of that country, among others of Eucherius,
the Council of Arles, held during that year, a bishop of Lyons, to whose sons, Salonius and Ve-
certain Theophlastus is spoken of as presiding over ranus, he acted as preceptor. The period of his
the see of Genoa
death is uncertain, but he was still alive when Gen-
There is still extant a work by Salonius, Ex nadius compiled his biographies, that is, about a. D.
positio Mystica in Parabolas Sulomonis et Ecclesias- | 490.
ten, otherwise entitled In Parabolas Sulomonis The following works by this author are still
Dialogi II. , or In Parabolas et Ecclesiusten Salo- extant:
monis Dialogi, in the form of a conversation be- I. Adversus Araritiam Libri IV. ad Ecclesiam
tween himself and his brother, Veranus. We have Catholicam, published under the name of Timotheus,
also an Epistola, written in his own name, in that about a. D. 410. It was first printed in the Anti-
of his brother, and of Ceretus, addressed to Leo dotum contra diversas omnium fere Sueculorum
the Great
Haereses of lo. Sichardus, fol. Basel, 1528, under
The Expositio was first printed at Haguenau the title Timothei Episcopi ad Eclesiam Catholicam
(Hagenoae), 4to. 1532. It will be found in the toto Orbe diffusam et Salviani Episcopi Massiliensis
Orthodoxographa of Heroldus, Basel, 1550 ; in the in Librum Timothei ad Salonium Episcopum prae-
similar collection of Grynaeus, Basel, 1569 ; and . fatio.
in the Bibliotheca Patrum Maxima, vol. viii. p. ll. De Providentia s. De Gubernatione Dei et de
401, fol. Lugd. 1677.
Justo Dei praesentique Judicio Libri. Written
The letter to Leo is included in the editions of during the inroads by the barbarians upon the
that pontiff's works by Quesnell, and by the Roman empire, A. D. 451-455. It was first
brothers Ballerini, being numbered lxxvi. in the printed by Frobenius, Basel, fol. 1530, with the
former, and lxviii. in the latter. (Schönemann, title D. Salviani Massyliensis Episcopi de vero
Bilbo Putrum Lat, vol. ii. $ 53. ). [W. R. ] Judicio et Providentia Dei ad S. Sulonium Episco
## p. 701 (#717) ############################################
SALVIDIENUS.
701
SALVIUS.
:
verse.
Moreno
ECAESAS
pum Vicnnensem Libri VIII. cura Io. Alexandri | received from Octavian, who had even promised him
Brassicuni Jureconsulti edili ac eruditis et cum the consulship, he wrote to M. Antonius, offering
primis Utilibus Scholiis illustrati. To this volume to induce the troops in his province to desert from
is appended a tract by some unknown person, Octavian. His proposal came too late. Antonius,
attributed erroneously to Salvianus: “ Anticimenon who had just been reconciled to Octavian, be-
(i. e. ÅYTIKELMÉVWY) Libri III. in quibus Quaes- trayed the treachery of Salvidienus. The latter
tiones Veteris ac Novi Testamenti de Locis in was forth with summoned to Rome on some pre-
Speciem pugnantibus.
text, and on his arrival was accused by Augustus
III. Epistolae IX. ; addressed to friends upon in the senate, and condemned to death, B. C. 40.
familiar topics. These were first printed in the Livy relates that he put an end to bis own life.
edition of the collected works published by P. (Appian, B. C. iv. 85, v. 20, 24, 27, 31–35, 66 ;
Pithoeus, 8vo. Paris, 1580.
Dion Cass. xlviii. 13, 18, 33 ; Liv. Epit. 123,
Besides the above, the following, now lost, are 127 ; Vell. Pat. ii. 76 ; Suet. Oct. 66. )
mentioned by Gennadius:-
The annexed coin was probably struck by Sal-
1. De Virginitatis bono ad Marcellum Libri III. vidienus. It bears on the obverse the head of
2. De corum Praemio satisfuciendo. A title evi- Octavianuls, with c. CAESAR III. VIR.
him, in defiance of the Jewish law, which gave no
SALLUÍSTIUS LUCULLUS, legatus of such power to the wife, and effected his death by
Britain under Domitian, was slain by that emperor representing to her brother that she had repudiated
because he had called some lances of a new shape him because she had discovered that he bad abused
Luculleae, after his own name. (Suet. Dom. 10. ) the royal clemency, and was still guilty of treason-
SALMO'NEUS (Laluwveús), a son of Aeolus able practices. This occurred in B. c. 26.
by Enarete, and a brother of Sisyphus. (Apollod. Against the sons of Mariamne, Alexander and
i. 7. & 3 ; Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. is. 252. ) He Aristobulus (ARISTOBULUS, No. 4. ], Salome con-
was first married to Alcidice and afterwards to tinued to cherish the same hatred with which sbe
Sidero ; by the former wife he was the father of had persecuted their mother to her fate ; and with
Tyro. (Hom. Od. xi. 235 ; Apollod. i. 9. & 8; this feeling she also strove successfully to infect
Diod. iv. 68. ) He originally lived in Thessaly, her own daughter, BERENICE, whom Aristobulus,
but emigrated to Elis, where he built the town of about B. c. 16, had received in marriage from Herod.
Salmone. (Strab. viii. p. 356. ) He there went so The hostility was cordially reciprocated by the
far in his presumption and arrogance, that he princes, who, however, were no match for the arts
deemed himself equal to Zeus, and ordered sacri- of Salome, aided too as she was by her brother
fices to be offered to himself; nay, he even Pheroras, and her nephew Antipater, and who only
imitated the thunder and lightning of Zeus, but played into the hands of their enemies by their
the father of the gods killed the presumptuous indiscreet violence of language. Salome did in-
man with his thunderbolt, destroyed his town, and deed herself incur for a time the displeasure of
punished him in the lower world. (Apollod. i. 9. Herod, who suspected her, with good reason, of
3 7; Lucian, Tin. 2 ; Virg. Aen. vi. 585, &c. ; having calumniated bim to his son Alexander, as
Hygin. Fab. 60, 61, 250 ; Claudian, in Rufin. harbouring evil designs towards Glaphyra, the
514. )
[L. S. ] wife of the latter, while his anger against her was
SALOME (Σαλώμη). 1. Also called Alex. further provoked by her undisguised passion for
andra, was the wife of Aristobulus I. , king of the Syllaeus, the minister of Obodas, king of the Na-
Jews, on whose death, in B. c. 106, she released bathaeans, and his ambassador at the Jewish court.
bis brothers, who had been thrown by him into Again, when Herod, lending a ready ear to the
prison, and advanced the eldest of them (Alex- calumnies against his son Alexander, had thrown
ander Jannaeus) to the throne (Joseph. Ant. xiii
. him into prison, the young man retaliated with
12. § 1, Bell. Jul. i. 4. § 1). By some she has charges of treason against Pheroras and Salowe,
-
## p. 699 (#715) ############################################
i
GET
COIN OF SALONINA.
SALONINA.
SALONINUS.
699
whereby the king's perplexity and tormenting Nus), upon the capture of Colonia Agrippina by
Blispicion were greatly increased. At length, how Postumus, in A. D. 259, she must have been mar-
ever, the machinations of Salome and her accom: ried before A. D. 242, that is upwards of ten years
plices prevailed against the princes, and succeeded before the elevation of Valerian. Zonaras asserts
in effecting their death, in B. c. 6. Nor was the that she witnessed with her own eyes the death of
favour of Herod ever afterwards withdrawn from her husband before the walls of Milan, in A. D.
his sister, who was prudent enough, indeed, to 268, a statement fully confirmed, as far as dates are
cultivate it assiduously. Thus, listening to the concerned, by the numerals found on Alexandrian
advice of the empress Livia, she obeyed her medals. Hence it is evident that Gibbon is mis-
brother in marrying Alexas, his confidant, though taken in supposing that Pipara or Pipa, the daughter
sorely against her will ; and she detected and put of the Suevic Attalus, had any claim to be regarded
him on his guard against the treasonable designs as the lawful spouse of Gallienus.
of ANTIPATER and Pheroras. It was to her The Roman medals of Silonina, which are very
accordingly, and to her husband Alexas, as those common, exhibit those nanies only which are placed
upon whom he could best depend, that Herod, on at the head of this article, but on the productions
his death-bed at Jericho, gave the atrocious order, of the Greek mint we find also the appellations
that the Jewish nobles, whom he had sent for and Julia (tor. KOP. CAANNINA), Public Licinia
shut up in the Hippodrome, should all be murdered (no. AIK, KOP. CAANNINA), and Chrysogono
there as soon as he breathed his last, so that his (CAANN. XPYCOONH, CEB. ). From the last
death might excite at any rate lamentations of some have concluded that she was of Grecian origin,
some kind. This command, however, they did not but of her family we know nothing. (For autho-
obey. On the decease of Herod, Salome received rities see GALLIENUS ; SALONINUS; VALERI-
as a bequest from him the towns of Jamnia, Azotus, ANUS. )
(W. R. )
and Phasaelis, besides a large quantity of money,
to which Augustus added a palace at Ascalon;
and Josephus tells us that her annual income
amounted altogether to 60 talents. She died during
the time that M. Ambivius was procurator of
Judea ; i. e. between 10 and 13 A. D. , leaving the
bulk of her possessions to the empress Livia. (Strab.
xvi. p. 765 ; Joseph. Ant. xiv. 7, xv. 3, 7, xvi. ),
3, 4, 7-11, xvii. 1, 2-9, 11, xviii. 2, Bell. Jud.
i. 8, 22-25, 28, 29, 32, 33, ii. 6, 9; Euseb. Hist.
Ecc. i. 8. )
3. A daughter of Herod the Great by Elpis.
In addition to what her father bequeathed to her, SALONI'NUS, was given by Asinius Pollio,
Augustus gave her a considerable dowry, and mar- as an agnomen to his son C. Asinius Gallus
ried her to one of the sons of Pheroras, Herod's (GALLUS, Asinius, No. 2). Asinius Gallus
brother. (Joseph. Ant. xvii. 1. $ 3, 8. $ 1, 11. § 5, seems not to have employed the name himself,
Bell. Jud. i. 28. § 4, 29. § 1, ii. 6. & 3. )
but he gave it as a cognomen to one of his sons
4. Daughter of Herodias by Herod Philip, son by Vipsania, the former wife of the emperor
of Herod the Great, was the maiden who pleased Tiberius. This son, Asinius Saloninus, died in
Herod Antipas by her dancing, and obtained from A. D. 28. (Tac. Ann. iii. 75. )
him the execution of John the Baptist. She was SALONI'NUS, P. LICI'NIUS CORNE'.
twice married - 1st to her uncle Philip, the te- LIUS VALERIANUS, son of Gallienus and
trarch of Ituraea and Trachonitis, who died Salonina, grandson of the emperor Valerian. When
childless ; and 2d, to her cousin Aristobulus, son his father and grandfather assumed the title of
of Herod king of Chalcis (ARISTOBULUS, No. 6. ), Augustus, in A. D. 253, the youth received the de-
by whom she had three sons (Matt. xiv. 8–12; signation of Caesar. Some years afterwards he
Mark, vi. 17–29; Joseph. Ant. xviii. 5. &$ 2, 4). was left in Gaul, under the charge of Silvanus, at
The legendary account of her death, as given by the period when Gallienus was hastily summoned
Nicephorus in bis Ecclesiastical History (i. 20), is to encounter the rebel Ingenuus, in Pannonia.
a very clumsy in vention.
(E. E. ] The insurrection headed by Postumus soon after
SALONIA, the second wife of Cato the Censor, broke out, and Saloninus was driven to take refuge
was the daughter of a scribe, and client of the in Colonia Agrippina, where he was put to death
latter, and bore the vigorous old man a son when by the conqueror, upon the capture of the city in
he had completed his eightieth year. This son, A. D. 259 (see Postumus), being at that time
who was called M. Cato Salonianus, was the about seventeen years old. In addition to the
grandfather of Cato Uticensis. (Plut. Cat. Maj. names placed at the head of this article, we find
24 ; Gell. xiii. 19. ) It is stated in Hieronymus Gallienus upon a coin of Perinthus (see also Zona-
(in Jovian. vol. iv. p. 190, ed. Paris) that the ras, xii. 24), and Egnatius upon one of Samos. The
name of Cato's second wife was Actoria Paula, appellations Cornelius Saloninus appear to have
but the name is probably a mistake of the copyist been inherited from his mother, the remainder from
for Aemilia Paula, who was the wife of the his paternal ancestors. Great embarrassment has
Censor's eldest son.
(Drumann, Geschichte Roms, been caused to historians and archaeologists by the
vol. v. p. 148, &c. ).
circumstance that, upon many of the numerous
SALONI'NA, the wife of Caecina, the general medals, both Greek and Roman, struck in his
of Vitellius. (Tac. Hist. ii. 20. )
honour, while he was yet alive, he is styled Augus-
SALONI'NA, CORNE'LÍA, Augusta, the tus ; while on those which commemorate his
wife of Gallienus and mother of Saloninus. Since apotheosis, he appears as Caesar only. Among
her son perished at the age of seventeen (SALONI. ) the various explanations proposed of this anomaly,
## p. 700 (#716) ############################################
700
SALONIUS.
SALVIANUS.
IL RIA
1 An:17
COIN OF SALONINUS.
the most plausible is founded upon the supposition SA'LPION, an Athenian sculptor, of unknown
that, when left alone in Gaul, he was invested for date, whose name is inscribed upon a large vase of
the time being with the rank of Augustus, in order Parian marble, beautifully sculptured with figures
that he might command more respect during the in high relief, representing Hermes giving the
absence of his father, but that the rank thus con- infant Dionysus to the Nymphs to educate. This
ferred being intended to serve a temporary purpose vase was found at Cormia, on the Gulf of Gaeta,
only, was extinguished by his death, Zonaras and was applied to use as a font in the cathedral
(xii. 24), when speaking of Gallienus, remarks, in of Gaeta, but was afterwards removed to the Nea-
passing, that his son, who was besieged by Postu- politan Museum, where it now is (Gruter, Thes.
mus, bore the same nanie with his father, was Inscr. p. lxxvii. No. 7 ; Spon, Miscellan. vol. ii.
regarded as heir to the empire, and was a comely 1, p. 25; Mus. Borbon. ; Nagler, Künstler-Lexicon,
and talented youth. (Trebell. Poll. Salonin. Gal. s. o. )
(P. S. )
lien. ; Zosim. i. 38 ; Gruter, Corp. Insc. cclxxv. SAʼLTIUS, SEX. , conducted with L. Con-
5 ; Brequigny, in the Mémoires de l'Academie de sidius a colony_to Capua, B. c. 83 (Cic. de Leg.
Sciences et Belles Lettres, vol. xxxii. p. 262 ; Eckhel, Agr. ii. 34). For details see Considius, No. 3.
vol. vii. p. 421. )
[W. R. ] SALVIA GENS, was properly speaking no
Roman gens.
A few insignificant persons of this
name are mentioned towards the end of the re-
public, but the name became of importance in the
imperial period from the emperor, M. Salvius
Otho, who was descended from an ancient and
noble family of the town of Ferentinum in
Etruria.
SALVIA TITISCENIA, a Roman female
mentioned by M. Antonius in a letter to Octavian.
(Suet. Aug. 69. )
SALVIA'NUS, an accomplished ecclesiastical
SALONIUS. 1. P. SALONIUS, had been writer of the fifth century, who, although never
tribune of the soldiers, and first centurion for raised to the episcopal dignity, is styled by Gen-
several alternate years, and was bated by the nadius," the master of bishops. " He was born
soldiers because he had been opposed to their somewhere in the vicinity of Trèves, a city with
mutinous projects in B. c. 312. (Liv. vii. 41. ) which he was evidently well acquainted. It is
2. C. SALONIUS, one of the triumvirs who uncertain whether he was educated in the true faith,
founded the colony at Tempsa in B. c. 194. He but he certainly was a Christian at the period of
was appointed in B. c. 173 one of the decemvirs his marriage with Palladia, a pagan lady of Cologne,
for dividing certain lands in Liguria and Cisalpine the daughter of Hypatius and Quieta ; for he not
Gaul among the Roman citizens and the Latins. only speedily convinced his wife of her errors, but
(Liv. xxxiv. 45, xlii. 4. )
after the birth of a daughter, Auspiciola, persuaded
3. Q. SALONIUS SARRA, praetor B. c. 192, ob- her to adopt some of the leading observances of a
tained Sicily as his province. (Liv. xxxv. 10, 20. ) monastic life. Having, in consequence of this step,
4. M. Salonius, the father of the second wife incurred the displeasure of his father-in-law, whom,
of Cato the Censor. [SALONIA. ]
however, after a lapse of seven years, he succeeded
SALONIUS, bishop of Genoa about the middle in appeasing, and eventually in converting, he
of the fifth century, was the son of Eucherius, removed to the south of France, and became a
bishop of Lyons, and the pupil of Salvianus (Sal- presbyter of the Church at Marseilles. Here he
VIANUS), who dedicated to him his two works, De passed the remainder of his life, enjoying the
Avaritia and De Providentia. He is supposed to friendship of the most distinguished among the holy
have died before A. D. 475, because in the acts of men of that country, among others of Eucherius,
the Council of Arles, held during that year, a bishop of Lyons, to whose sons, Salonius and Ve-
certain Theophlastus is spoken of as presiding over ranus, he acted as preceptor. The period of his
the see of Genoa
death is uncertain, but he was still alive when Gen-
There is still extant a work by Salonius, Ex nadius compiled his biographies, that is, about a. D.
positio Mystica in Parabolas Sulomonis et Ecclesias- | 490.
ten, otherwise entitled In Parabolas Sulomonis The following works by this author are still
Dialogi II. , or In Parabolas et Ecclesiusten Salo- extant:
monis Dialogi, in the form of a conversation be- I. Adversus Araritiam Libri IV. ad Ecclesiam
tween himself and his brother, Veranus. We have Catholicam, published under the name of Timotheus,
also an Epistola, written in his own name, in that about a. D. 410. It was first printed in the Anti-
of his brother, and of Ceretus, addressed to Leo dotum contra diversas omnium fere Sueculorum
the Great
Haereses of lo. Sichardus, fol. Basel, 1528, under
The Expositio was first printed at Haguenau the title Timothei Episcopi ad Eclesiam Catholicam
(Hagenoae), 4to. 1532. It will be found in the toto Orbe diffusam et Salviani Episcopi Massiliensis
Orthodoxographa of Heroldus, Basel, 1550 ; in the in Librum Timothei ad Salonium Episcopum prae-
similar collection of Grynaeus, Basel, 1569 ; and . fatio.
in the Bibliotheca Patrum Maxima, vol. viii. p. ll. De Providentia s. De Gubernatione Dei et de
401, fol. Lugd. 1677.
Justo Dei praesentique Judicio Libri. Written
The letter to Leo is included in the editions of during the inroads by the barbarians upon the
that pontiff's works by Quesnell, and by the Roman empire, A. D. 451-455. It was first
brothers Ballerini, being numbered lxxvi. in the printed by Frobenius, Basel, fol. 1530, with the
former, and lxviii. in the latter. (Schönemann, title D. Salviani Massyliensis Episcopi de vero
Bilbo Putrum Lat, vol. ii. $ 53. ). [W. R. ] Judicio et Providentia Dei ad S. Sulonium Episco
## p. 701 (#717) ############################################
SALVIDIENUS.
701
SALVIUS.
:
verse.
Moreno
ECAESAS
pum Vicnnensem Libri VIII. cura Io. Alexandri | received from Octavian, who had even promised him
Brassicuni Jureconsulti edili ac eruditis et cum the consulship, he wrote to M. Antonius, offering
primis Utilibus Scholiis illustrati. To this volume to induce the troops in his province to desert from
is appended a tract by some unknown person, Octavian. His proposal came too late. Antonius,
attributed erroneously to Salvianus: “ Anticimenon who had just been reconciled to Octavian, be-
(i. e. ÅYTIKELMÉVWY) Libri III. in quibus Quaes- trayed the treachery of Salvidienus. The latter
tiones Veteris ac Novi Testamenti de Locis in was forth with summoned to Rome on some pre-
Speciem pugnantibus.
text, and on his arrival was accused by Augustus
III. Epistolae IX. ; addressed to friends upon in the senate, and condemned to death, B. C. 40.
familiar topics. These were first printed in the Livy relates that he put an end to bis own life.
edition of the collected works published by P. (Appian, B. C. iv. 85, v. 20, 24, 27, 31–35, 66 ;
Pithoeus, 8vo. Paris, 1580.
Dion Cass. xlviii. 13, 18, 33 ; Liv. Epit. 123,
Besides the above, the following, now lost, are 127 ; Vell. Pat. ii. 76 ; Suet. Oct. 66. )
mentioned by Gennadius:-
The annexed coin was probably struck by Sal-
1. De Virginitatis bono ad Marcellum Libri III. vidienus. It bears on the obverse the head of
2. De corum Praemio satisfuciendo. A title evi- Octavianuls, with c. CAESAR III. VIR.
