No More Learning

)
Pathans, 431
Marghub, 15
Marhamat Khan, 342
Martaban, sacked, 483; 486; great
port, 491; burnt by Talaings, 498;
Talaings kill Burmese at, 503; sends
tribute to Alaungpaya, 510
Ma'ruf Farmuli, 15, 16
Marv, 7
Marwar, 39, 55; annexed by Aurang-
zib, 228, 247-8; but disturbed by
war, 302; recovered by Ajit Singhi,
303; dissensions in, 304; revolts
against Bahadur Shah, 321; sub-
dued by Husain 'Ali, 333
masands, 244, 245
masnad-i-aóla, 244
Mason, 509, n. 1
Massacre of Kinsmen, 480
Massignon, L. , 217 n. 2
Mastani, 407
Mas'ud of Ghazni, 64
Mas'ud Husain Mirza, 94, 106, 103
Mas'ud Khan, Sidi (of Bijapur), raids
Mughul territory, 254; becomes mi-
nister in Bijapur, 255; combines
with Shivaji, 256; makes fresh pact
with Shivaji, 259, 278; his recon-
ciliation with 'Abdul-Karim Khan,
277; resigns office, 284; helps to
defend Bijapur, 285; 290
Masulipatam, English at, 172, 306
Ma'sum Khan, Farankhudi, 126, 127,
128
Ma'sum Khan Kabuli, 126, 132
Mata Sundari, 335
Mathura, see Muttra
Mathurapur, 234, 235
Matiaburuj, 308
Maungdaung sayadaw, 513
thors, 303; 322
Meza hill, 513
Mezataungche, 513
Mian Mir, 227
Middleton, 162


## p. 668 (#710) ############################################

668
INDEX
Dacca and Patna, 330; becomes
viceroy of Bengal, 331; advices
Farrukh-siyar to murder oppo-
nents, 332; sets him against the
Sayyid brothers, 333; continues to
intrigue and transferred to Bihar,
334; returns to Delhi and sent to
Lahore, 336; returns and joins
Sayyids, 337
Mir Malang, 301
Mir Muhammad Khan becomes Khan
Kalan, 74
Mir Vais, 357
Mirza Haidar Dughlat, cousin of Ba-
bur, author of Tarikh-i-Rashidi, 3,
18, 19, 20; joins Humayun, 34; at
battle near Kanauj, 35; proposes
conquest of Kashmir, 36; seizes
Kashmir, 37; quarrels with Chakks,
60
see
Mirza Khan, 6
Mirza Khan,
Khan Khanan
(“Abdur-Rahim), 78
Mirzas (the) = Timurid princes, 1;
Midnapore, 112, 140, 441, 442, 443
mihrab, 530-1, 545, 573, 574
Mihrab Khan, 321
Mihr 'Ali, 118
Mihr 'Ali Beg Silduz, 79
Mihr-un-Nisa, see Nur Jahan, 163
Mihtar Mahall, 571-2
Mildenhall, 151, 152
milk (domain), 465
Milwat, see Malot
Minbin, king of Arakan, 4
Ming dynasty, 497
Mingalamanaung, 480
Mingjui, 517
Minhkamaung, king of Arakan, 478
Minhkaungnawratha, 511, 512
minlaung (pretenders), 503, 505
Minrazagyi, king of Arakan, 478
Minredeippa, king of Burma, murders
father, 495; elected king but exe-
cuted, 496
Minrekyawdin, king of Burma, 499
Mints, reform of by Akbar, 119; as
source of revenue, 449; see also
Coins
Minyeyaza, 521
Miraj, 190, 193, 265, 267, 274
Mirak Mirza Ghiyas, 532
Mirak Rizavi (Rizavi Khan), 97
Mir 'Ali Khalifa, 12, 18, 47
Miran Mubarak Shah I, 575
Mir Habib, invites Marathas to Ben-
gal, 367; 442, 443
Miriam's house, 542
Mir Ja'far (Mir Muhammad Ja'far
Khan), governor of Orissa, 442
Mir Jumla (Muhammad Sa'id, Mir),
minister of Golconda, disputes with
king, 207, 269; joins Mughuls and
becomes Shah Jahan's minister with
title Mu'azzam Khan, 208, 270; in
command against Bijapur, 209, 271;
dismissed by Dara, 211, 272; sup-
ports indigo monopoly, 218; at
battle of Khajuha, 224; pursues
Dara, 225; drives him from Bengal,
226; his campaign in Assam, 234-
5; dies, 235; 236
Mir Jumla (“Ubaid-ullah, Shari'yat-
ullah Khan, Turani), judge of
oppose Humayun, 22; rebel against
Akbar, 94; driven from Malwa to
Gujarat, 97; invades Malwa, 99;
101; in Gujarat, 104; scattered by
Akbar, 105; final suppression of,
108, 109
Missions, earliest to Akbar, 124; se-
cond, 139, 141; third, 141; their
treatment by Shah Jahan, 217-18;
Goanese and Italian in Burma, 495;
French in Burma, 500; see also
Jesuits, Portuguese
Mithraic symbolism, 560
Mitra Sen Nagar (Raja Birbal), 340
Mocha, 229, 310
Modhera, 542
Mogaung, 487, 516, 517
Mogors, see Mughuls
Mohan Nala, 384
Mohan Singh, 382
Mohmands, 239
Mohnyin, 487, 517
Mokkainggyi, 507
Moksobomyo - Shwebo, 504
Momeik, 487, 489
Monas, 235


## p. 669 (#711) ############################################

INDEX
669
None, 486, 497
Monghyr, 31, 50, 222, 224
Monopoly, of indigo, 218, 449; of lead
and saltpetre, 449
Mons, see Talaings, 492 n. 2
Monserrate, his description of Shaikh
Salim, 102; sets out for Akbar's
court, 121; arrives, 124; complains
of Mughul attacks on Daman, 138;
Akbar's denial of attacks to, 129;
his portrait of Akbar, 155; on
Fathpur Sikri, 539
Nontani, 524 n. 2
Moradabad, 369, 429, 431
Moreland, W. H. , 186 n. 1, 197 n. 1,
218 . 2, 493 n. 1
Moropant (poet), 427
Moro Pant Peshwa, 278
Morris, 487 n. 2
Mosques, built by Shah Jahan at
Tatta, 220, 569-70; by Babur, 524;
by Humayun, 525; Moth-ki-Masjid,
529; Jamali Masjid, 529, 530; Qil'a
-i-Kuhna, 530; Khair-ul-manazil,
531; Moti Masjid (Agra), 536, 554-
5; Jami' Masjid at Fathpur Sikri,
540; Jami' Masjid at Delhi, 555,
558-9; Jami' Masjid at Agra, 558;
Wazir Khan's, 561; Badshahi, 567;
Aurangzib's at Benares, 568; Jami'
Masjid at Bijapur, 57,3; Jami' Mas-
jid and Bibi-ki-Masjid at Burhan-
pur, 575
9
Moth-ki-Masjid, 529
Moti Mahall, 557
Moti Masjid (Agra), 536, 554-5
"Mountain Rat”, 279
Mozambique, 309
Mrauk-u, 476
Mrohaung, 476, 477, 478, 480, 483
Mu, river, 509; valley, 521
muſafi, see Land revenue, madad-i-
ma'ash, milk, suyurghal
Mu'azzam (son of Aurangzib), inva-
des Mewar, 249; becomes viceroy
of Deccan with title of Shah Alam,
256; recalled, 278; see also Shah
'Alam
Mu'azzam Khan, title of Muhammad
Sa'id, Mir Jumla (q. v. ), 208
Mu'azzam, Khvaja, 87
mu'azzin, 56
Mubarak (Shaikh), 62, 106; his reli-
gious experiences, 114; his advice
to Akbar, 121; arranges religious
debates, 122; signs Infallibility
Decree, 123; his flattery of Akbar,
129
Mubarak II (of Khandesh), 82, 89
Mubarak Khan, 78
Mubariz Khan (Shahamat Khan),
viceroy of Gujarat, 331; go rnor
of Hyderabad, opposes the Nizain,
349-50, 378, 399; killed, 350, 377;
385
Mubariz Khan Sur, 60, 61; murders
his nephew and succeeds as 'Adil
Shah (q. v. ), or Muhammad 'Adil,
64
Mubayyin, 20
mubid, 107
Mughul art, 178
Mughulmari, 113
Mughuls enervated in India, 204 n. 1
Muhammad's footprint, 124
Muhammad II (of Khandesh), 106
Muhammad (son of Bayazid), 113
Muhammad I, Bahmani, 392 n. 2
Muhammad 'Adil, see 'Adil Shah Sur
Muhammad 'Adil Shah (of Bijapur),
188, 196, 208; dies, 209, 270; 257,
264, 266, 268, 269; his tomb, 528,
571
Muhammad Amin Khan (son of Mir
Jumla), 238, 239, 269
Muhammad Amin Khan (cousin of
Nizam-ul-Mulk 1), member vf
Turani party, 319; deserts Kani
Bakhsh, 321; defeats Sikhs, 323;
with Jahandar Shah against Far-
rukh-siyar, 328; becomes second
paymaster with titles I'timad-ud-
Daula, Nusrat Jang, 331; disgusted
by Farrukh-siyar's treachery, 334;
joins Sayyids, 338; leads in plot to
kill Husain 'Ali, 344; dies, 346;
compared with Nizam, 377
Muhammad Amin, Mir, becomes
Sa'adat Kahn (q. v. ), and conspires
against Sayyids, 344
>


## p. 670 (#712) ############################################

670
INDEX
>
Muhammad Baqar Khan, Mirza, 367
Muhammad Ghaus, 32; his tomb, 532,
535
Muhammad Hadi, later known as
Kar Talb Khan, Murshid Quli
Khan, or Ja'far Khan (q. v. )
Muhammad Hakim, governor
of
Kabul, 84; seeks aid from Mirza
Sulaiman, 85; marries Sulaiman's
daughter, 86; invades Punjab, 94;
urged by Akbar to submit, 120;
supported by Indian rebels, 125;
proclaimed in Bihar and secretly
invited by Akbar's courtiers, 126;
proclaimed in Bengal, invades In-
dia, but retires, 127; flies to Ghur-
band, submits and forgiven by
Akbar, 128; death, 134
Muhammad Husain, Mir (Namud),
346
Muhammad Husain Mirza, 94, 105,
106, 108
Muhammad Ibrahim, 287
Muhammadi Raj, 248
Muhammad Jan, 220
Muhammad Karim, 326, 331
Muhammad Khan Bangash, early
career, 352-3, 429; unsuccessful in
Bundelkhand, 353; and in Malwa,
354, 382, 402; re-appointed to
Allahabad, 355; did not intrigue
with Nadir Shah, 359; founder of
Farrukhabad, 429
Muhammad Khan Sur, 46, 47, 48
Muhammad Mulla (of Yazd), 126
Muhammad Muqim Khan, 3, 5, 6
Muhammad Murad (I'tiqad Khan),
337, 338
Muhammad Muzaffar (Sultan), 9, 11
Muhammad Panah, Mir, name of
Ghazi-ud-din (q. v. ), son of Nizam-
ul-Mulk, 386
Muhammad Qanauji, Sayyid, 233
Muhammad Qasim Khan, 84, 136
Muhammad Quli Khan, 443, 444
Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah (of Gol-
conda), 261
Muhammad Qutb Shah (of Golcon-
da), 261
Muhammad Sa'id, Mir,
Mir
Jumla, 207
Muhammad Salih (Khvaja), 84, 90
Muhammad Shah, becomes emperor,
340; his horror at murder of Husain
'Ali, 344; wins battle of Bilochpur,
345; marries daughter of Farrukh-
siyar, 346; neglects public business,
349; seeks help from Nizam-ul-
Mulk, 355; addressed by Nadir
Shah, 357-8; defeated near Karnal
and meets Nadir Shah, 360; warned
by Nadir Shah against misrule,
362; schemes against Turanis, 36. 3,
366, 399; attempts to assert autho-
rity over viceroys, 368; attacks
'Ali Muhammad Khan, 370; his
death and character, 373; his grants
to Marathas, 396
Muhammad Shah, Yusufzai, 238
Muhammad Shaibani Khan, see Shai-
bani Khan
Muhammad Sultan (son of Aurang-
zib), marries Golconda princess,
208, 270; opposes Shah Shuja', 224;
pursues Dara, but joins him, 225;
imprisoned, 226, 273; sent against
Golconda, 269
Muhammad Sultan Mirza, 12, 22, 27,
28
Muhammad Yar Khan, 369
Muhammad Zaitun, 15
Muhammad Zaman Mirza, 22, 23, 27,
28
Muhibbʻalipur, 441
Muhiyy-ul-Millat, title of Shah Ja-
han III, 444
Muhkam Singh (of Nagaur), 304
Muhkam Singh Jat, 348
Muhtasib, 230, 241
Mu'in-ud-din Chishti, 81, 101, 16:,
348
Mu'in-ul-Mulk, becomes viceroy of
Punjab, 373, 428; resists Ahmad
Shah Abdali, 433-4; appointed by
Abdali governor of Punjab, 434;
dies, 437
Mu'izz-ud-din, later Jahandar Shah
(q. v. ), 325
Mu'izz-ul-Mulk, 92, 93
mujtahid, 122
see


## p. 671 (#713) ############################################

INDEX
671
Mukarram Khan, 239
Mukhlis Khan, 310
Mukhlispur, 323
Mukhya Pradhan, 392 n. 2
Mukteshvar, 426
Mukund Deo, 92
Mukundraj, 426
Mulher, 383
Muller, 8
Multan, Khizr Khan made governor
of by Timur, 9; taken for Sher
Shah, 37; taken by Haibat Khan
from the Baloch, 53; governed well
by Fath Jang Khan, 54; ceded by
Ahmad Shah to Afghanistan, 434;
giazed earthenware of, 560
Muluk Chand, Rai, 306
mulukgiri, defined, 398 n. 4; 412,
414
Mumin Khan, 369, 411 n. 1
Mumins, 315
Mumtaz Mahall, marries Shah Jahan,
163; her death, 189; her grievance
against Portuguese, 191; 220 n. 2;
her tomb, 566
Mundiyas, 243
Mungi Shevgaon, 400
Mungir, see Monghyr
Mun'im Khan (Khan Khanan) at
Kabul, 75; pursues Bairam Khan,
78; his anger at Atga Khan's pro-
motion, 81; reinstated as minisier,
84; fails to take Kabul and appoin-
ted to Agra, 85; in operations
against Uzbegs, 91-3; obtains their
assignments, 97; visits Sulaiman of
Bengal, 99; repels Bayazid of Ben-
gal, 111; invades Bengal, 111-13;
wounded, 113; dies, 114
Mun'im Khan (son of Sultan Beg),
revenue minister of Bahadur Shah,
319, 325; defeats Kam Bakhsh, 321;
against Sikh rebels, 323
munsif, 56
Muqarrab Khan (Africa), 148
Muqarrab Khan (Persian),
mands Ahmadnagar troops, 186-7;
friendly to Bijapur, 188; joins
Mughul services and gains title
Rustam Khan, 189; killed at Sanrio-
garh, 213 and n. 2
Muqarrab Khan (Shaikh Hasan or
Hassu), governor of Surat, 162
Muqarrab Khan, Khan Zaman
(Shaikh Niam), 284
Murad, prince, born, 102; sent against
Muhammad Hakim, 127, 128; to
intervene in Deccan, 140, 141; to
invade Deccan, 142; his disputes
with Khan Khanan, 143; recalled
to court and dies, 144
Murad Bakhsh, born, 173; crushes
rebellion in Kangra, 200; takes
Balkh, but withdraws, 203; rebels
in Gujarat, 211; with Aurangzib at
battle of Dharmat, 212; his bra-
very at Samogarh, 213; his suspi-
cions of Aurangzib, 214; confined
by Aurangzib, 215, 222; beheaded
at Gwalior, 228
Murari Pandit, 196
Murari Rao Ghorpare, 384, 408
Murshidabad, a new capital of Ben-
gal, 312; origin of its name, 364 n.
1; threatened by Marathas, 441
Murshid Quli Khan (see Ja'far
Khan), becomes viceroy of Bengal,
312; founds Murshidabad, 364 n. 1
Murshid Quli Khan (Persian) asses-
ses land revenue in Deccan, 218,
468
Murshid Quli Khan (Rustam Jang),
deputy in Orissa, 365, expelled by
‘Ali Vardi, 367
Murtaza 'Ali, 384
Murtaza Khan, 442
Murtaza Nizam Shah I (of Ahmad-
nagar), 137, 138
Murtaza Nizam Shah II (of Ahmaci-
nagar), 148, 260, 263, 264
Murtaza Nizam Shah III (of Ahmad-
nagar),
266
Murtaza, Sayyid, Sabzavari, 143
Musahib Beg, 75
Musa Khan Fuladi, 78
Musamman Burj, at Agra, 554; at
Lahore, 555
Music forbidden at court by Aurang-
zib, 230
Muslim law, 183, 317
com-
>


## p. 672 (#714) ############################################

672
INDEX
Mustafa Khan (in Bihar), 441
Mustafa Khan, 188, 190; imprisoned,
195; becomes chief minister in Bija-
pur,
196
Mustafa Rumi, 17
Mu'tabar Khan, 295
Mu'tamid, 232
Muttra, temple at destroyed, 242; Jat
rising near, 243; sacked by Ahmad
Shah Abdali, 416, 438
Muzaffar III (of Gujarat), 103, 104,
132; expelled, 133
Muzaffar Husain Mirza, 105, 118
Muzaffar Husain Mirza (Safavid),
141
Muzaffar Jang, rebels against Nasir
Jang, 386; aided by French but
killed, 387, 433
Muzaffar Khan (or 'Ali Turbati), ap-
pointed revenue minister, 87, 459;
90, 92; replaced by Qutb-ud-din
Khan, 100; governor of Malwa, 106;
appointed vakil, but dismissed, 110;
governor of Bengal, 112, 121; with
Khan Jahan defeats Daud, 116;
killed by rebels, 126
Muzaffar Khan (of Bijapur), 274
Muzaffar Khan (brother of Khan
Dauran),
354
Muzaffar, Sayyid, minister in Gol-
conda, 274
Muzaffar Shah (Gujarat), see Muha-
mmad Muzaffar
Myanaung, 505
Myinbyushin Nat, 504
Myitnge, 516
myothugyi, 504, 519
Mysore, plateau of conquered by
Shivaji, 259; pays tribute to Salabat
Jang, 389; raided by Balaji, 412; ses
also Kanarese country
Nadira Banu, 227
Nadir (Quli) Shah, 219; ascends thro-
booty, 363; recognised in Bihar and
Bengal, 364; his talk with Muham-
mad Yar, 369; murdered, 371; bis
objection to assignments, 375;
Maratha successes during his inva-
sion, 383; offers throne of Delhi to
Nizam, 385; causes alarm in Deccan,
404
Nadol, 249
Nagarchain, 89
Nagarkot, 103; visited by Akbar, 127
Nagaur, 34; improved by Akbar, 102,
247, 436
Nagpur stormed by Mughuls, 314
Nahan, 323
Nahr-i-Bihisht, 557
Najib Khan (Najib-ud-Daula), be-
comes Abdali agent at Delhi, 416,
426; his hatred of Marathas, 419;
insists on fighting at Panipat, 420-
1; in battle, 422 and n. 2, 423; aids
Ghazi-ud-din against Safdar Jang,
435; against Sin-dagh troop, 437;
becomes Najib-ud-Daula and Amir-
ul-Umara, 439; leaves Delhi and
receives 'Ali Gauhar, 440; besiege:
by Sindia, 444; joins Ahmad Shah
Abdali, 446; brings in Shuja'-ud-
Daula, 447; confirmed as Amir-ul-
Umara, 448
Najm Beg, 7, 8
Najm-ud-din 'Ali Khan, 350, 351
Naldrug, 255, 267, 277, 389
Namdev, 426
Namrup, 235
Namud (Mir Muhammad Husain).
346
Nana Farnavis, 418 n. 2, 421, 425
Nanak, 244
Nana Purandare, 411
Nana Sahib Peshwa, name for Balaji
Baji Rao, 414
Nandabayin, king of Burma, 492-3
Nander, Guru Govind Singh killed
at, 246
Nandgir, 298
Nandurbar, 118
Napoleon I, 318
Narameikhla, king of Arakan, 477
Narapatigyi, king of Arakan, 480
ne of Persia, takes Qandahar and
Kabul, 357; reaches Lahore and ad-
dresses Muhammad Shah, 358; de-
feats Muhammad Shah near Kar-
nal, 359-60; enters Delhi and orders
massacre, 361; carries off immense


## p. 673 (#715) ############################################

INDEX
673
Narawara, king of Burma, 499
Narhan, 92
Närhi, 88
Narin, 203
Narnala, 143
Narnaul, 45, 243, 432, 446
Naro Shankar, 419, 425
Nasik, 189, 282
Nasir Jang, assumed independence
but defeated, 365-6, 383, 428; his
character and troubles with Mara-
thas, 383; Nizam's advice to, 385;
made viceroy of Deccan, 386;
fights French and killed, 387, 433;
invited to Delhi, 433
Nasiri Khan, 188; becomes Khan
Dauran (q. v. ), 194; 257
Nasir Khan (governor of Kabul),
358, 371
Nasir Khan Faruqi, 575
Nasir Khan Lohani, 139, 140
Nasir Khan Nuhani, 15, 16
Nasir-ul-Mulk, title of Pir Muham-
mad Khan, 76
Nasr-ullah Mirza, 362
Natshinnaung, 494-5
naubat khana, 556
Naulakha, 555
Naungdawgyi, king of Burma, 512
Nauraspur, 188, 190
Nauruz festival, of Akbar 128, 134; of
Jahangir, 156; forbidden by Au-
rangzib, 230; of Nadir Shah at
Delhi, 361
Naushahra, 36
Navait clan, 295, 369 and n. 1, 384
Naval Rai, Raja, with Safdar Jang,
against Bangash Afghans, 429; de-
feated and killed by Ahmad Khan,
430
Navanagar, 166, 226
Navy of Bengal, 237
Nawal Rai, Raja, 370
Nazr 'Ali Khan, 315
Nazr Muhammad, 202-4, 219
Negrais, 491, 505, 509, 510, 512
Neknam, 314
Netaji Palkar, 254
Newbery, 135, 151
New English Company, 310
Nga Hpyaw, 521
Nga Kala, 500
Nga Me, 480 n. 3
Ngatatkyi, 497
Nicobars, 501
Nijabat Khan, 419
Niku-siyar proclaimed emperor but
deposed and imprisoned, 340
Nima Sindia, 313
Nimrana, 431
Ningrahar, 5, 230
Nirmal, 389
nishan, 306
Nishapur, 360
Nishat Bagh, 549
Niyabat Khan, 126
Niyazis, 59, 60
Nizam, the ruler of Hyderabad state,
passim
Nizamabad, 385
Nizam 'Ali, becomes regent, 389;
opposes Marathas, 390, 412-13; in-
vades Maharashtra, deposes Sala-
bat Jang and becomes Nizam, 391
Nizam Khan, 15
Nizam Khan (Sur), 45, 47, 48
Nizam Shahi dynasty, 264-5
Nizam-ud-Daula, title of Nasir Jang,
386
Nizam-ud-din, Shaik, 119
Nizam-ud-din Ahmad, Khvaja, 96 n. 1
Nizam-ud-din Ahmad, Sayyid, 274
Nizam-ud-din 'Ali Khalifa, 17
Nizam-ud-din Auliya's shrine, 440
Nizam-ul-Mulk I (Chin Qilich Khan),
grandson of Qilich Khan, 287, mem-
ber of Turani party, 319; becomes
viceroy of Deccan, 331, 393; re-
called and declines to join Farru-
kh-siyar's intrigues, 336, 337; con-
ciliated by 'Abdullah Khan, 338,
341; sent to Malwa, 340, 341; rebels
against Sayyids, 342; wins battles
near Khandwa and Shevgaon, 343,
399; 346; returns to Delhi as minis-
ter, 347, 382, 399; unpopular there
withdraws to Deccan, 349; gains
battle of Shakarkhelda, becomes
practically independent, receives
title of Asaf Jah, and enlists Mara-
43


## p. 674 (#716) ############################################

674
INDEX
Omens, taken by Humayun, 66, 67:
by Salim, 150
Orakzais, 136, 137
Orchha, 117, 149, 184, 194; stormed
by Aurangzib, 195; palace-fortress
at, 548
Orissa, left to Daud of Bengal, 113;
subdued by Man Singh, 139; new
rebellion crushed 140; unrest in
continues, 157; surrenders to Shah
Jahan, 172; 197; 261; invaded by
Golconda, 267; taken from Mur-
shid Quli Khan by 'Ali Vardi Khari,
366-7; ceded to Marathas, 408, 443;
land revenue of, 464
Orpheus, 558
Oudh, Girdhar Bahadur becomes
viceroy of, 341-2; Burhan-ul-Mulk
becomes viceroy of, 348; Safdar
Jang succeeds in, 362; virtual in-
dependence of, 374; Shuja'-ud-
Daula succeeds in, 489
Owsa, see Ausa
Nizam-ul-Mulk I (continued)
tha aid, 350, 377, 399, 400; plotting
treason, 352; to free his own state
urges Marathas to invade N. India,
353, 382; approached by Muham-
mad Shah, 355, 403; fails to defeat
Marathas near Bhopal and conclu-
des disgraceful terms, 356-7, 382,
403-4; nominated to oppose Nadir
Shah, 358; hesitates to attack him,
359, 382; sent to arrange indemnity,
360; 361; his payments to Nadir
Shah; 362; resists Muhammad
Shah's intrigues, 363, 382-3; impri-
sons Nasir Jang, 366, 383; makes
conquests in Carnatic, 368, 384; as
governor of Katehr, 369; his terms
of office in Deccan and indepen-
dence there, 377; see further Asaf
Jah
Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah II, title of
Nizam 'Ali, 391
Noronha, Dom Antonio de, 106
Numa Namud, 346
Nurgarh, 248
Nur Jahan (Mihr-un-Nisa or Nur
Mahall), marries Jahangir, 163;
kills tiger, 167; her increasing in-
fluence, 168; exacts terms from
Shah Jahan, 173; her bravery dur-
ing Mahabat Khan's emeute, 175;
warns Khan Jahan against Shah
Jahan, 177; coinage in her name,
180; favours Shahryar's succession,
183; pensioned by Shah Jahan, 184;
her death, 202; 326; builds tombs
of I'timad-ud-Daula and Jahangir,
552
nur-jahani, 180
Nur-ud-din, title of Jahangir, 156
Nur-ud-din Muhammad, 32
Nusrat Jang, title of Muhammad
Amin Khan, Turani (q. v. ), 331
Nursat Jang, see Zu-'l-Fiqar Khan,
298, 299, 301
Nusrat Shah, 9, 18
Nyaungbin, 507
Padishah Bibi (Shahr Banu), 255,
275, 277
Pagan, dynasty supreme over north
Arakan, 476; over Shan foot-hills,
486; bell at, 487; Shwezigon at, 516
pagri, 282
Pahar Singh (Bundela), 201
Pahar Singh (Gaur), 306
Paithan, 262
Pak Pattan, see Ajudhan
Palamau, 201, 229
Palamcottah, 293
. Pali, 282, 283, 304
Palkhed, 381, 400, 404
Pallegoix, 520 n. 1
Pam Nayak, 285
.
pan, 422
panchayats, 414
Panch Mahall, 543
pandari, 231
Pandavas, 95
Pandharpur, 427
Pandu, 234
Panhala, assaulted by Shivaji, 254,
273; taken by Sidi Jauhar, 257;
recaptured by Shivaji, 275; Sham-
Okpo, 503, 505
Oldham, C. E. A. W. , 46 n. 1, 69 n. 2


## p. 675 (#717) ############################################

INDEX
678
Panhala (continued)
bhuji confined in, 278; retaken by
Marathas, 294; 296; taken by Au-
rangzib, 297-8; Shambhuji of Kol-
hapur at, 353; headquarters of rivai
faction, 292; 409
Panipat, 12; Babur's victory at, 13;
Akbar's victory over Himu at, 72;
contrasted with Ausa, 390; descri-
ption of campaign by Sarkar, 417
n. 1; Marathas entrench at, 419;
Marathas defeated at, 420-4, 448;
in ballads, 427; Ghazi-ud-din
seized at, 437; Babur's mosque at,
524
Panjnad, 445
Panjshir, 238
Pantanaw, 485
Pant Sachiv, 410
Parabaw, 478
Parashuram, 298
Parashuram Trimbak, 291, 295
Parasnis Museum, 410 n. 1
Parasnis, R. B. , 407 n. 1
Paraunkh, 83
Parenda, invested by Mughuls, 188;
resists Khan Zaman, 194; included
in Bijapur, 196, 266; 198; ceded to
Mughuls, 210, 211, 267
pargana, 452, 459
Parin, 476
Parker, 499 n. 4, 517 n. 1
Parlett, L. M. , 509 n. 4
Parli, 296; taken by Aurangzib, 297
Parner, 380
Partab, Rawal, 117
Partab Baharji, Raja (of Baglan), 145
Partabgarh, 269; Afzal Khan killed at,
272; captured by Marathas, 294
Partab Singh, Rana, 117, 134
Parties at Akbar's court, 74
Parviz, sent against Mewar, 158; to
command in Deccan, 159, 260;
transferred to Allahabad, 164, 260;
opposes Shah Jahan's rebellion, 171;
defeats him at Damdama, 172-3,
and in Deccan, 173, 263; made gov-
ernor of Gujarat, 174; his death,
176; assisted by Portuguese, 191
Pasrur, 323
Pataliputra, 556
Patan, 25, 242, 304
Patdur, 417
Pathans, 238
Patiali, 430
Patkai, 233
Patna, 49; besieged by Ganga Ram,
306; Farrukh-siyar crowns himself
and robs Dutch factory at, 327
Patr Das, Rai Rayan, 143, 149; see also
Bikramajit, Raja
Patta Singh, 98
patwari, 452 n. 1
Paungga, 521
Pavangarh, 273, 298
Pawtugi, 495 n. 1
Payanghat, 266
Paya Tak, 520
Peacock throne, 206, 219, 220, 339;
carried off by Nadir Shah, 362
Pedgaon, 295
Pegu, Arakan expedition against, 478;
raided by Thirithudamma, 479; an-
nexed by Tabinshwehti, 483; re-
occupied by Talaings, 485; taken by
Bayinnaung, 486; his new city of,
490, 491; taken by Toungoo and
Arakan, 493; burnt, 494; ceases to
be capital, 496; raided by Siamese,
499; Talaings at, 503; attacked by
Alaungpaya, 507; taken and de-
stroyed, 508
Pemberton, 502 n. 2
Penukonda, 301
“People of the Book", 240
Pepper, 317, 501
Persepolis, 556
Persia (ns), at war with Uzbegs, 8;
combines with Babur, 7; defeated
by Uzbegs, 8; Humayun's stay in,
40; loses Qandahar to Akbar, 141;
hopes to recover it, 157-8; captures
Qandahar, 170; relations with Shah
Jahan, 199; aids Uzbegs, 204; sends
embassies to Aurangzib, 229; seized
by Ghilzais and then by Nadir Shah,
357; Persians killed in Delhi, 361;
taxes remitted in, 363; Indian archi-
tecture influenced by, 552, 556, 559
>


## p. 676 (#718) ############################################

676
INDEX
Peshawar, occupied by Nadir Shah,
358
Leshkash, 307
Peshwa (= prime minister), 291,
386; defined, 392 n. 2; office becomes
hereditary, 396-7; claimed by Ra-
ghuji, 408; access to power of, 412,
416; their ensigns, 422; see also
Bahiro Pant Pingle, Baji Rao, Balaji
Baji Rao, Balaji Vishvanath
Pestilence, in Hindustan, 69; in Guja-
>
rat, 112; in north-west India, 1596-
7, 142; in Gujarat, 1618, 166; in
Punjab, 1616-19, 167; in Konkan,
283; at Bijapur, 286; at Hyderabad,
289; at Bijapur, 290; in Ahmad Shah
Abdali's army, 439
Phaphamau, 430
Phaulkon, 500
Phayre, 476 n. 1
Phul, see Shaikh Phul
Pidia, 299, 301
pietra dura, first used, 553; 554, 558,
562, 564
Pigeon-flying, 149, 154
Pilaji Gaikwar, 350, 365, 398, 401, 402
Pilaji Jadav, 402
Pilgrim tax abolished by Akbar, 86
Pindale, king of Burma, 497-9
Pindaris, 418, 419 n. 2, 447
Pinheiro, 142
Pinto, 483 n. 2
Pipar, 432
Piracy, by Maghs, 236-7, 311, 479, 481;
by Europeans in Indian Ocean,
309-11
Pir Khan Lodi (Khan Jahan, q. v. ),
159
Pir Muhammad Khan, pursues Himu,
73; joins harem party, 75; banished
by Bairam Khan, 76; returns to
court, 77; employed against Bairam
Khan, 78; sent against Malwa, 79;
assistant governor of Malwa, 80;
becomes governor,
invades
Khandesh and drowned, 82
Pitakataik, 480
Plague, see Pestilence
Plassey, 423 n. 1, 443, 448
Plough-rent, 454, 468
Poll-tax, see jizya
Ponda, 275
Pondicherry, 389, 408
Poona, occupied by Shayista Kha),
raided by Shivaji, 257; district in-
vaded by Asaf Jah, 381; by Salabat
Jang and French, 387; recovered by
Tara Bai, 392; Maratha capital, 407;
Peshwa's headquarters, 410; luxury
of court at, 427
Popa Hill, 487
Portuguese, aggression on Gujarat,
103; offer gifts to Akbar, 105; mis-
sions to Akbar, 121; Akbar's attacks
on in Gujarat, 128, 129; priests sent
to Akbar, 139; denounce English to
Akbar, 151, 152; claim to com-
mand seas, defeated by Downton,
162; oppose English at Jahangir's
court, 163; Roe attempts to get
them out of Gujarat, 166; refuse
help to Shah Jahan in rebellion,
172; their trade at Hooghly, 190;
disliked by Shah Jahan and be-
sieged in Hooghly, 191; losses at
Hooghly, 192, 217; besieged in
Daman and Diu, 200; in conflict
with Bijapur, 209; buyers of indigo,
218; Methwold's convention with,
219; pirates in Bengal and Arakan,
236-7, 478; invaded by Shambhuji,
282; stop A'zam's attack on Goa,
283; agree not to support Marathas,
296; attacked by Marathas in Kon-
kan, 356, 404-6; by Angria, 394; their
possessions in Konkan, 404; pillage
Arakan, 477; settle at Chittagong,
overthrown at Sandwip, 478; piracy
in Bengal, 479; influence in Ceylon,
480; in lower Burma, 482; in Siam,
484; at siege of Ayuthia, 488; des-
troy Buddha Tooth of Ceylon, 489;
at Syriam, and near Shwebo, 494-5;
expelled from Malacca, colony at
Mergui, 500
Po Yutpi, 483
Pradhans, 394
Pragji Prabhu, 297
Prahlad Niraji, 291
81;


## p. 677 (#719) ############################################

INDEX
677
--
Pra Naret, 493
Pran Nath, Prannathi, 221
Pratap Rai (Chero Raja), 201
Pratap Singh (of Tanjore), 408
Pratinidhi (= regent), 291; defined,
392 n. 2; 394, 397, 401, 410
Prem Narayan, Gond Raja, 195
Presents as source of revenue, 449
President and Council of Surat and
Madras, 307
Prithvi Raj, 201
Prome, taken by Tabinshwehti, 483;
vassal king of, 490; taken by
Anaukpetlun, 494; taken by Ta-
laings, 503; by Alaungpaya, 505;
gun at, 507
Provincial of Order of Jesus, 141
Pulel, 509
Punjab, friendly to Dara, 222; gov-
erned by Zakariya Khan, 363; by
Mu'in-ul-Mulk, 373, 428; invaded
by Marathas, 416, 445; ceded to
Ahmad Shah Abdali, 434; invaded
by Ghazi-ud-din, 437; by Ahmad
Shah Abdali, 438
Puntambe, 380
Pur, 248, 252
Purana Qil'a, 529
Purandar, 254; Shivaji's treaty at, 258,
273; Shahu takes refuge in, 381
Puran Mal, 52, 53, 54, 57
Purchas, 500 n. 1
Puri, 139, 140
Pur Mandal, 303
Pushkar, 248
Pye, king of Burma, dethrones Pin-
dale, 498
Pyinsa, 476
comes minister, 349; removed, 351;
his relation killed in Kora, 355;
marches against Marathas, 355-6;
361; his payments to Nadir Shah,
362; joins Nizam-ul-Mulk, 363; gov-
ernor of Katehr, 369; recognises 'Ali
Muhammad Khan, 370; his intoxi-
cation, 371; misleads Shah Nawaz
Khan, 372; killed, 373
Qambar Beg, 68
Qanauj, see Kanauj
Qandahar attacked by Shaibani Khan,
6; 12, 21, 22, 38; occupied by Hindal,
taken by Kamran and placed in
charge of 'Askari, captured by Hu-
mayun, 40; held by Shah 'Abbas,
137; surrendered to Akbar by Mu-
zaffar Husain Safavi, 141; lost to
Shah ‘Abbas, its importance on
trade route, 170; surrendered by
'Ali Mardan Khan, 199; Persian
aims on, 204; captured by Persians,
205; failure of Aurangzib and Dara
Shukoh to recover, 206; taken by
Nadir Shah, 357; by Ahmad Shah
Abdali, 371; land revenue of, 464
qanungo, 243, 452, 459
Qaqshal Turks, 126
Qara Bahadur Khan, 89
Qarshi, 7, 8
Qasim Khan Juvaini, 190, 191
Qasim Khan (Kirmani), 285, 293, 294
Qasim Khan, Mir Bahr, 536
Qasim Sambhali, 15
Qasim, Sidi, 332
qazi, 241
Qil'a-i-Kuhna, 530-1
Qilich Khan (grandfather of Nizam-
ul-Mulk), 287
Qiya Khan Gung, 73, 77, 95
Qizilbash, 141, 371
Qoshanj, 199
Qudrat-ullah, Shah, 332
Queda Merchant, the, 310
Qunduz, 4, 7, 8, 203
Qutb Khan, 15
Qutb Khan ('Abdur-Rashid), 28, 50;
death, 34, 51
Qutb Khan Niyazi, 59
Qutb Minar, 345
Qadir Shah, see Mallu Qadir Khan, 51
Qadr Khan, see Bahadur Shah (of
Khandesh), 143
Qaim Khan (or Jang) Bangash, 353,
370; attacks Rohillas and killed, 429
qalami, 21
Qalmaq slaves, 331, 332
Qamar-ud-din, becomes paymaster of
Ahadis, 331; promoted, 345; receives
title of I'timad-ud-Daula, 346; be-


## p. 678 (#720) ############################################

678
INDEX
Qutb Shah, passim, the ruler of Goi-
conda at the time
Qutb-ud-din Aibak, 9
Qutb-ud-din Kaki, 324
Qutb-ud-din (Khubu), 160
Qutb-ud-din Muhammad Khan, 86,
94, 100, 106, 133
Qutb-ul-Mulk, term used by Mughuls
for kings of Golconda, 266; title of
'Abdullah Khan (Hasan 'Ali, Say-
yid, q. v. ), 327, 331
Qutlu Khan Lohani, 139
Qutluq Nigar Khanum, 3
as
Rai Rayan, see Patr Das and Bikra-
majit, 149
Raisen, 16; taken by Humayun, 23;
taken by Sher Shah, 52, 53
Rai Singh of Bikaner, 102, 104, 108,
141, 157
Rai Singh, usurper in Navanagar, 230
Rajadnya, 380
Rajahmundry, 389
Raja Ram (Jat), 305, 336
Raja Ram (Maratha), set up
Rabi'a (Bibi), 60
Rabi'a-ud-Daurani, 567
Ra'dandaz (or Shuja'at Khan), 244
Radhika Bai Mane, 295
Rafi'-ud-Darajat, set on throne, 339;
dies, 340; 373
Rafi'-ud-Daula, becomes emperor as
Shah Jahan II, and dies, 340; 373
Rafi'-ush-Shan, 323; jealous of 'Azim-
Shan, 325; killed resisting Jahandar
Shah, 326; father of Rafi-ud-
Darajat, 339
Raghuji Bhonsle, establishes himself
successor to Shivaji, 279; succeeds
Shambhuji, but has to fly, 284, 230;
repels Mughul attacks on Gingea,
292-3; escapes from Gingee, 293;
dies, 295, 366, 392
Rajas Bai, mother of Sharbhuji I!
(of Kolhapur), crowns him, 295;
captured by Shahu, 401
Rajgarh, 268, 294, 296, 298
Rajmachi, 393
Rajmahal (Rajmahall), 116, 225, 225,
365
Rajputana, revolts against Bahadur
Shah in, 321; aloof from Mughuls
at death of Muhammad Shah, 374;
palaces in, 548; see also Rajputs
Rajputs, their opposition to the Mu-
ghuls, 39, 54; Bihari Mal, first Raj-
put chief to attend Akbar's court,
81; their dislike of marriage con-
nections with Mughuls, 117, 125,
161; minor chiefs subdued, 117; re-
conciled to Mughuls, 161-2; friendly
to Shah Jahan, 170) n. 1, 184; in
battle at Dharmat, 212; at Samo-
garh, 213; default at Khajuha, 224;
promise aid to Dara, 226-7; tribal
campaign, 239; sul purt prince Ak-
bar's rebellion, 250; Aurangzib's
provocation of 252, 321; at Gingee,
294; enlisted for Bahadur Shah, 319;
at battle of Jajau, 320; revolt
against Bahadur Shah and recon-
ciled, 321-2; of Bhojpur join Far-
rukh-siyar, 327; decline to oppose
Nadir Shah, 358; give aid against
Ahmad Shah Abdali, 372; siding
with Marathas, 397, 402; refuse to
join Panipat campaign, 418; look
at Nagpur, 365; invades Bengal, but
repulsed, 368, 441; his capture of
Trichinopoly, 384, 407-8; pays tri-
bute to Nizam, 389; 410; ravages
Orissa, Bengal and Bihar, 441; re-
covers Nagpur and Berar, 448
Raghunath Bhati, 248
Raghunath, Raja, 387
Raghunath Rao (Ragoba), invades
Hyderabad, 390; his ambitions at
death of Balaji Rao, 391, 407; 411;
attacks Jats and goes to Delhi, 415,
439; invades Punjab, 416, 445; hopes
to command against Abdali, 417
Ragoba, see Raghunath Rao, 407
rahdari, 231, 307, 379
rahdars, 300
Rahim Khan, 311-12
Rahmat Khan, Hafiz, at Panipat, 422
n. 2; becomes regent of Rohilkhand,
429; joins Ahmad Shah Abdali, 446
Raichur, 290
Raigarh, 259, 273, 275, 278, 284
9


## p. 679 (#721) ############################################

INDEX
679
Rajputs (continued)
Rangamati, 236
down on Jats, 432; weary of Mara- Rang Mahall, 557
tha aggression, 444
Rangoon, Bahadur II exiled to, 448;
Rajrup, Raja (of Jammu), 200, 227
occupied by Smim Htaw, 485; by
Raj Singh, Maharana (of Mewar), Alaungpaya, 505; becomes port of
248, 249, 250
Burma, 507; East India Company at,
Rakhshasbhavan, 426
512; its value as port, 513; burnt by
Rama Vijaya, 427
Talaing rebels, visited by Hsin-
Ramayana, 221
byushin, 519
Rambha Rao Nimbalkar, 380, 381
Rangpur, 236
Ram Chand, Raja (of Bhath), 101, 143 Ranmast Khan, 259
Ram Chand, Raja (of Seraen), 140
Rann of Cutch, 223, 227
Ramchandra N. Bavdekar, 291
Ranoji Sindia, in Malwa, 365, 398;
Ramchandra Nimbalkar, 389
near Delhi, 403; at siege of Bassein,
Ramchandrapur, 366
406
Ramchandra Shenvi, 414
Ranthambhor, taken by Rana Sanga,
Ram Chehra, 305
16; surrenders to Sher Shan,
Ramdas (poet), 426
52; held by 'Adil Khan, 58; besieged
Ram Das (or Raja Raghunath), 389
by Mughuls, 77, 99; taken by Akbar,
Ram Das, Kachhwaha, 152
100-1; 170
Ramghat pass (Deccan), 283
Rasulpur (Bijapur), 285, 286
Ramgir, 270
Ratanabon, 478
Ram Joshi, 427
Ratanamanaung, 480
Ramling Tank, 264
Ratan Chand, agent of 'Abdullah
Ramnagar (south of Surat), 259
Khan, 333; leases collection of land
Ramnagar, princess, 381
revenue, 337; his increased power,
Ram Narayan, Raja, 444
342; seized after Husain 'Ali's death,
Rampura, 306
344; executed, 345
Ram Raja, his origin, 409
Ratanpur, 304, 315
Ramree, 482
Ratan Singh, 306
Ram Sah, Raja, 73, 116
Rathors, 248, 250, 252; their successes
Ramsej, 282
in Marwar, 303
Ram Singh, Raja (of Amber), in As- Raushanais, 134, 136, 137, 138, 147
sam, 236, 245
Raushan-Akhtar becomes Muhammad
Ram Singh, Raja (of Marwar or Shah, 340
Jodhpur), 431-2
Raushan-ud-Daula becomes minister,
Ram Singh Hara, 320
but removed, 351
Ramu, 237, 477, 478, 481
Ravenswaay, 492 n. 2
Ranade, M. G. , 392 n. 1, 395 n. 1; on Raybag, 198, 265, 267
Shahu, 409
Razadarit Ayedawpon, 489
Rana Sanga, 9; his exploits, declares Razmnama, 133
war on Babur, 16; defeated at Rechna Duab, 323
Khanua, 17, 54; wars with Gujarat Red Sea, 310
and appeals to Humayun, 22; de- Regulator of Realm = Nizam-ul-
feated by Bahadur Shah, 23, 54; 49 Mulk, 377
Ran Bagha, 80
Religious discussions, 113, 114
Randola Khan, against Mughuls, 188, Rennell, 236
189; defeated by Khan Zaman, 192; Revenue, sources of, 449; remissions
tries to relieve Daulatabad, 193, 265;
of, 461
196
Rewah, 444


## p. 680 (#722) ############################################

680
INDEX
3
on
Risala-i-Walidiyya, 20
Rizavi Khan, 97
Roads made by Sher Shah, 57
Roberts, 309
Rockets, 55, 423
Roe, Sir Thomas, describes nauruz
Festival, 156; arrives in India, 162;
obtains trade facilities, 163; des-
cribes Nur Mahall and Khusray's
danger, 164; his march with Jahan-
gir, 165; final agreement with Shah
Jahan, 167; on favour shown to
Persian ambassador, 170; presents
miniature of Jahangir, 179; receives
medal from Jahangir, 180;
drinking habits of Jahangir and
Shah Jahan, 215 n. 1; describes
Shah Jahan, 216; his present of
coach to Jahangir, 260
Rohilkhand, 369-70; occupied by Ma-
rathas, 415
Rohillas, settle in India, 370; at Pani-
pat, 422-4; beat Bangash Afghans,
429; defeated by Marathas, 431;
friendly with Shuja'-ud-Daula, 439;
join Ahmad Shah Abdali, 446
Rohira, 294
Rohri, 37
Rohtak canals, 201
Rohtas (in Bihar), gained by Sher
Khan, 30, 50; 33, 47, 51; taken by
Shah Jahan in rebellion, 172; sur-
rendered by him, 174
Rohtas (in Punjab), built by Sher
Shah, 52; 53, 59, 66, 459
Ross, 20 n. 1
Rubies, 487
Rudra Pratap, Raja, 201
Ruh-ullah Khan, 282, 285, 289
Rumi Khan, 24, 28, 29
Rupar, 223, 335
Rup Mati, 79
Rustam Beg, Mirza, 172
Rustam-dil Khan, 321, 323
Rustam Khan, title of Muqarrab Khan
(Persian) (q. v. ), posted to Katehr,
Sa'adat Khan (Mir Muhammad Amin,
of Oudh), conspires against Say-
yids, 344; promoted, 345; appointed
viceroy of Agra, 346; becomes Bur-
han-ul-Mulk (q. v. ) and viceroy of
Oudh, 348
Sa'adat-ullah Khan, 369
Sabaji Sindia, 416, 445
Sabha Chand, 328, 330, 332
Sacha Padishah, 322
Sachiv, 291
Sacrifice, for Arakanese coronation,
479; for Shan funerals, and for
feasts, 487; at rebuilding palace,
499; at founding city, 509
Sadashiv Rao (Bhao Sahib), takes
Ahmadnagar, 390; son of Chimaji
Appa, 407; defeats Hyderabad army,
413; conducts civil administration,
414; commands against Abdali, 417,
446; despises advice, 418; takes
Kunjpura and entrenches at Pani-
pat, 419, 447-8; his military errors,
420; his bravery at Panipat, 421-2
and n. 2; his death, 424; dethrones
Shah Jahan III and sets up Mirza
Javan Bakht, 447
Sadat Khan (or Salabat Khan, Zu-'l-
Fiqar Jang), 372, 373; see also Zu-
189; killed at Samogarh, 213
Rustam Khan, later title of Sharza
Khan, q. v.
Rustam Rao, 286
'l-Fiqar Jang
Sadhaura, 322, 323, 324, 335
Sadiq Muhammad Khan, 117, 137, 142,
143
Sadr-us-Sudur, 62, 63, 76, 84, 90, 121;
in charge of grants of land revenue,
465
Sa'd-ullah, chief minister of Shah
Jahan, 206, 207; dies, 208
Sa'd-ullah Khan (deputy minister),
332
Sa'd-ullah Khan Rohilla, 429, 431,
439, 446
Safavi dynasty, 357, 525, 559
Safdar 'Ali, 384, 408
Safdar Jang (Abu-'l-Mansur Khan),
succeeds in Oudh and pays contri-
bution to Nadir Shah, 362, 363; at-
tends at court, 368; jealous of 'Ali
Muhammad Khan, 370; joins army
against Ahmad Shah Abdali, 372;


## p. 681 (#723) ############################################

INDEX
681
Safdar Jang (continued)
Salim, 150; employs Nur Mahall,
163
Salim Chishti, Shaikh, 102, 156, 220;
,
his tomb, 544, 546-7
Salimgarh, 68, 531, 555
Salim Khan Sur rebels against Adil
Shah, 64
Salim Shah = Islam Shah (q. v. ), 58
Salim Shah, king of Arakan, 478
Sulsette, 404, 405
Salt, a source of revenue, 449, 450
Saltpetre, 307, 317, 449
Somana, 68
Samarqand taken by Babur and sur-
rendered to Shaibani Khan, 4; 5;
retaken by Babur and again lost, 7;
Shah Jahan's aims against, 202-3
Sambawut, see Pyinsa, 476
Sambhal, taken by Khavass Khan,
helps to defeat him, 373; opposed
by Ahmad Shah, 386; invites Mara-
tha help against Bangash Pathans,
415, 430-1; fights Ghazi-ud-din, 415,
435-6; becomes minister, 428;
crushes Bangash Afghans, 429; de-
feated by Ahmad Khan, 430; re-
covers influence at court, 432; his
quarrel with Ahmad Shah of Delhi,
434; rebels, 435-6; departs to Oudh,
436; dies, 439; his tomb, 568
Safdar Khan Babi, 315
Safiyat-un-Nisa, 303
Saf Shikan Khan, 288
Sagaing, 497
Sagar (in Berad territory), 290
Sigar Singh of Mewar, 158
Saguna Bai, 409
Saharanpur, 322
Sahawar, 430
Sahib Dei (or Kumari Dula), 336
Sahibganj, 225
Sahibji, 240
Sa'id Khan Chaghatai, 139
Sa'id Khan Niyazi, 59
saifi, 21
St Anthony and St Nicholas, the, 501
Sakit, 83
Sakraval, 96 n. 1
Sakrigali, see Teliyagarhi, 225
Sakwar Bai, 409
Salabat Jang, succeeds Nasir Jang as
viceroy of Deccan, 387, 433; makes
alliance with Peshwa against Ghazi-
ud-din, 388, 410, 434; his character,
388; quarrels with Shah Nawaz
Khan, 389; seized by French, 390;
deposed by Nizam 'Ali, 391; 413
Salabat Khan (of Ahmadnagar), 137
Saladin, 524 n. 2
Salamis, 68
Salar Jang, 386
Sale, 452
Salher, 259
Salim, see Jahangir
Salima Begam, married (1) to Bai-
ram Khan, 73; (2) to Akbar, 78;
mother of Murad, 102; goes as pil-
grim to Mecca, 114; intercedes for
51; Khavass Khan murdered at, 59;
Ibrahim Shah flies to, 66; 71; occu-
pied by Khan Zaman, 73; 369; Ba-
bur's mosque at, 524
Sambhar, 81, 354; salt lake at, 450
Samdhara, 234
Samogarh, Aurangzib defeats Dara at,
213-14; 222, 223, 320; Farrukh-siyar
defeats Jahandar Shah at, 328-9
Samsam-ud-Daula, see Khvaja 'Asim,
331, 337
Samsam-ud-Daula, title of Shah Na-
waz Khan (q. v. ), 388
Samumistan, 166
Sanchod, 304
Sanda (Chandra), 476
Sandathudamma, king of Arakan, 480
Sandawiziya, king of Arakan, 482
Sandbags used in Rajputana, 54
Sandi, 439
Sandihkan mosque, 477
Sandoway, 476
Sandwip, 237, 478, 481
Sane, king of Burma, 499
Sangameshwar, 284
Sangamner, 189
Sangermano, 501 n. 2
Sangola, 284, 410, 411
Sangram, Akbar's musket, 98
Sangram Singh, see Rana Sanga
Sankosh, 233


## p. 682 (#724) ############################################

682
INDEX
Santaji Ghorpare, 291, 292, 293, 294,
295
Sunta Vijaya, 427
Sanyasis, 95
Sarang (Sultan), 86
Sarangpur, 16, 23, 52, 79, 354
Saraspur, 241
Sarbuland Khan, becomes Mubariz-
ul-Mulk, 337; 338; appointed vice-
roy of Gujarat, 350; his difficulties
there, 351, 398; dismissed, rebels
and is imprisoned, 352, 401; ap-
pointed to Allahabad, 355; collects
tribute for Nadir Shah, 362
Sardar Khan (‘Abdullah Pani), 289
Sardesai, 393
sardeshmukhi, in Bijapur and Gol-
conda, 273; in Carnatic, 276; promi-
sed by Husain 'Ali to Shahu, 338,
378, 395; in Gujarat, 398, 352; in
Hyderabad, 355; claimed by Baji
Rao for Deccan, 355; claimed in
Bengal, 368; relinquished in Hyde-
rabad, 379; in Deccan and defini-
tion of, 392 and n. 1; granted by
Farrukh-siyar, 395; by Muhammad
Shah, 396
Sardeshpandya, office of claimed by
Baji Rao for Deccan, 355
Sarfaraz Khan, 'Ala-ud-Daula, be-
comes viceroy of Bengal, 364; dis-
placed and killed by 'Ali Vardi
Khan, 365
Sar-i-Pul, 4
sarkar, 56
Sarkar, J. N. , 217 n. 2, 236 n. 1; on
Panipat campaign, 417 n. 1; on
armies at Panipat, 419 n. 2, 422 n.
1; on Hindu caste restrictions affec-
ting battle, 423
1; on agh
pirates, 479 n. 2, 481 n. 2
Sarkhej, 133
Sarkhel, or admiral, 394
Sarmad, 232
Sarnal, 105, 118
Sarola, 387
Saru Taqi, 199
Sasaram, 45, 48, 49; Sur tombs at, 526
Saswad, 396
Satara, Shivaji ill at, 276; 294; 298;
taken by Aurangzib, 297; Shahu
crowned at, 392; residence of Tara
Bai, 401; rivalled by Poona, 407;
Ram Raja crowned at, 410; seized
by Tara Bai, 411
Satgaon, 112, 190, 191
sati, condemned by Akbar, 131, 132;
forbidden by Jahangir, 181; by
Shah Jahan, 217; forbidden by
Aurangzib, 231; of Sakwar Bai, 410
Satnami rising, 243-4
Saturday Palace, 407
Saulat Jang, 367
Saulière, 493 n. 1
Savantvadi, 283
Savanur, 379, 389, 412
Sawan, 557
sawbwa (Shan chief), 487, 490, 515
Sayadaw Athwa, 503 n. 3, 508 n. 1
Sayyid Ahmad (Sir), 557
Sayyid am, 225
Sayyid brothers, support Farrukh-
siyar, 327; their quarrels with him,
333; overawe him, 334; decide to
stop his intrigues, 338; murder him
and set up Rafi -ud-Darajat, 339;
set up Rafi-ud-Daula and then Mu-
hammad Shah, 340; losing power to
Turani party, 341; quarrel over
spoils, try to recall Nizam-ul-Mulk,
342; their forces defeated
Shevgaon, 343; their alarm, and
conspiracy against them, 344; 364;
their influence in Rohilkhand ex-
tinguished, 369; 395; see also ‘Ab-
dullah Khan, Sayyid and Husain
'Ali, Sayyid
Sayyid Muhammad, 61
Sayyids, defined, 113; of Barha (q. v. ),
74 n. 1; of Bilgram, 430; Delhi dy-
nasty style of architecture, 525-6
Schouten, 481 n. 1
Scott on massacre at Delhi, 361 n. 2
Sehore, 349
Sehwan, 37, 38, 227
Selgur, 259
semini, 491
Sen, 392 n. 1
Senakarta defined, 393
near
n.


## p. 683 (#725) ############################################

INDEX
683
9
Senapati (commander-in-chief), 295,
392, 401, 402
Seoni, 314
Sera, 290, 301
Seraen, 140
Seram, 287
Seringapatam, 423 n. 1
Shadman, Raza Bahadur, Rustam-i-
Hind, 332
Shah 'Abbas I (of Persia), 137, 153,
157, 158; sends embassies to Jahan -
gir, 170; his death, 199; 262; his
buildings, 559
Shah 'Abbas II (of Persia), 203, 204,
229
Shah 'Alam (Mu'azzam, q. v. ), vice-
roy of Deccan, 256, 273; quarrels
with Dilir Khan, 258; recalled from
Deccan, 278; guards Ahmadnagar,
282; raids Konkan, 283; invades
Golconda, 286; settles terms of sub-
mission, 287; imprisoned for trying
to save Qutb Shah, 287-8; appointed
to govern north India, 296; succeeds
Aurangzib as Bahadur Shah (q. v. ),
Bihar, 172; completely defeated
seeks pardon, 173; again marches
north, 176; repelled in Sind returns
to Deccan, 177; proclaimed emperor,
183; his early problems, 184; his
plans for Deccan, 185-6; his griev-
ances against Portuguese, 191, 217;
forbids new Hindu temples, 192,
217; at Lahore, 194; in Bundel-
khand, 195; settles terms of allegi-
ance with Bijapur and Golconda,
196-7, 267; his embassies to Persia,
199; constructs canals, 201; aims at
conquest of Transoxiana, 202; cap-
tures Balkh, 203; founds new city,
205, 555; projects for conquest of
Deccan, failing health, 209; his seri-
ous illness, 211; shut up in Agra
fort by Aurangzib, 214; his lineage
and habits, 215; described by Roe,
his treatment of Afghans; 216; his
religious views, treatment of Hin-
dus and Christians, 217; his adnii-
nistration, 218; his õiplomacy and
artistic tastes, 219; a portrait of,
219 n. 1; his tastes in architecture
and literature, 220, 553; sends funds
to Dara, 223; in captivity, 232;
death, 233; his arrogance to rulers
in Deccan, 266; his land revenue
system, 467-8; his buildings at
Lahore, 560
Shah Jahan II (Rafi -ud-Daula), 340
Shah Jahan III, proclaimed emperor,
319
Shah Alam II, see 'Ali Gauhar, 448
Shahamat Khan, becomes Mubariz
Khan (q. v. ), 331, 349
Shaham Beg, 75
Shaham Khan Jalair, 81, 106, 114, 115,
128
Shahbaz Khan, 105, 127, 132, 141, 142
Shah Beg, 3, 6
Shah Beg Khan, Arghun (Khan Dau-
ran), 141
Shah Burj, 557
Shah Daula, 319
Shah Husain (of Sind), 25; resists
Humayun, 37, 38; helps him to
leave Sind, 40; aids Kamran to re-
cover Kabul, 41
Shahi Beg, see Shaibani Khan
Shah Jahan, formerly Khurram
(q. v. ), receives title, 165; repels at-
tacks by Malik 'Ambar in Deccan,
168, 261; makes terms, 169, 262; his
jealousy of Nur Jahan, 170; rebels
and defeated at Bilochpur, 171; his
temporary success in Bengal and
444; dethroned, 447
Shahjahanabad, name of Delhi (q. v. ),
206, 356
Shahji Bhonsle, joins Mughuls, 187;
offers services to Bijapur, 192, 265;
tries to help Daulatabad, 193; sets
up pretender to Ahmadnagar, 191,
266; to give up Junnar, 196; sur-
renders forts and enters Bijapur
service, 198, 267; 210; his rise, 256;
his forts, 267; obtains land in Car-
natic, 267, 268; arrested and con-
fined, 268; returns to Carnatic on
release, 269; death, 273
Shahji II (of Tanjore) submits to
Mughuls, 293


## p. 684 (#726) ############################################

684
INDEX
Shah Mansur, Khvaja, conspires
against Akbar, 126; suspended from
office, and executed, 127; as revenue
minister, 462
Shah Mirza, 94, 105, 106
Shah Mirza, see Mahmud Sultan, 95,
109
Shah Navaz Khan (governor of Gu-
jarat), 226, 227, 576
Shah Nawaz Khan, nephew of Zaka-
riya Khan, becomes governor of
Punjab, 370; intrigues with Ahmad
Shah Abdali and flies from him, 372
Shah Nawaz Khan, Samsam-ud-
Daula, author of Maasir-ul-umara,
383; his qualities as regent, 388; op-
posed by French, 389; killed, 390
Shah Pasand Khan, 422 and n. 2, 423
Shahpur (Bijapur), 190, 285
Shah Quli Khan Mahram, 72
Shahr Banu (Padishah Bibi), 255,
275, 277
Shahr-i-nau, 229
Shah Rukh Mirza (of Badakhshan),
expels Sulaiman, 115; takes refuge
with Akbar, 134; deputed against
Kashmir, 135; raises troops in Mal-
wa, 141; sent to Deccan, 142, 145
Shahryar, marries Ladli Begam, 168;
disputes with Shah Jahan, 171;
seized by Mahabat Khan, 175; be-
comes bald, 177; assumes imperial
title, but defeated and blinded, 183
Shah Shuja', unsuccessful in Deccan,
194, 226; rebels in Bengal, 211; de.
feated by Raja Jay Singh, 212; 215;
settles land revenue in Bengal, 218;
222; aims at Agra, 223; defeated at
Khajuha and in Bengal, 224-6; flies
to Arakan and killed there, 226,
480-1; 232; allows English to trade
in Bengal, 306-7, 308; his followers
in Arakan, 482
Shah Tahmasp, 40
Shahu, detained in Aurangzib's camp,
247, 284, 366, 392; promised recog-
nition of Husain 'Ali, 338; 365; his
desire for peace with Mughuls, 378;
his weak authority, 379; estranged
from Asaf Jah, takes refuge
in Purandar, 381; restored by Ba-
hadur Shah, 392; his early difficul-
ties, 393; his treaty with Farrukh-
siyar, 395; aids Nizam against Mu-
bariz Khan, 399; attacked by Nizam,
attains independence, 400; recon-
ciled to Shambhuji II, 401; his
death, character and wills, 408-9;
allowed Peshwas to usurp power,
412
Shahu II adopted by Ram Raja, 411
Shah Wali Khan, 422 and n. 2, 423
Shahzada Khanum, 102
Shaiban Khan of Golden Horde, 97
Shaibani Khan, grandson of Abu-'l-
Khair Khan, 3; becomes master of
Transoxiana, marries Babur's sister,
4, 202; threatens Balkh, 5; takes
Herat and attacks Qandahar, quar-
rels with Shah Isma'il, 6; divorces
Babur's sister, is succeeded by
Ubaid-ullah Khan, 7
Shaikh 'Ala'i, see 'Ala'i
Shaikh Budh, 62, 63
Shaikh Gadai, 76
Shaikh Hasan, 61
Shaikh Phul, 32
Shaikh Salim Chishti, see Salim Chi-
shti, 102
Shaikhs defined, 113
Shaikh-ul-Islam, 288
Shakarkhelda, battle at, 350, 377
Shalamar, near Delhi, 361; at Lahore
and in Kashmir, 549
Shaligram, 427 n. 1
Shambhuji I, 252, 258; in disgrace,
flies to Dilir Khan, 278; succeeds
Shivaji, 279; his succession dispu-
ted by Raja Ram, 281; shelters
Akbar and invades Portuguese ter-
ritory, 282; captured and killed, 284,
366; results of his fall, 290; 335
Shambhuji II (of Kolhapur), Mara-
tha pretender, 295, 353, 392; sup-
ported by Asaf Jah, 380, 400; pro-
claimed at Poona, marries and
abandoned, 381; his rebellion crush-
ed, 401; possible heir to Shahu, 409
Shamsher Bahadur, illegitimate son
of Baji Rao, 407, 417, 425


## p. 685 (#727) ############################################

INDEX
685
Shamsher Bahadur, title of Gaikwar
Farid Khan), 45; has charge of two
parganas, 46; quarrels with rela-
tions, employed by Babur but lea-
ves him, 47; acquires Chunar, sub-
mits to Mahmud Lodi, 49; gains
Rohtas, 50; defeats Humayun at
Chausa, assumes royal title, wins
battle near Kanauj, expels Huma-
yun from India, 51; his govern-
ment of Bengal, improvements at
Agra, attack on Puran Mal, 52; or-
ders massacre
at Raisen, spares
the Langahs, invades Rajputana,
54; defeats Maldeo, besieges Kalin-
jar and dies, his character, 55; ad-
ministration, 56; builder and road-
maker, buried at Sasaram, 57; 357;
his revenue system, 456-8; his
tomb, 526-8
Sher Khan, son of Adil Shah, 81
Sher Khan Fuladi in Gujarat, 101,
106
Sher Khan Tarin, 199
Sher Khvaja, 145
Shevgaon, battle near, 343; treaty
between Asaf Jah and Marathas at,
381
Shiah sect, 122, 232; inscriptions at
Bijapur erased, 286; Irani party
of Baroda, 398
Shamsher Khan, 64
Shamsher Khan (Muhammad
Ya'qub), 238
Shams Khan, 322, 323
Shams-ud-din Khan becomes Atga
Khan, 74
Shams-ud-din, Khvaja, 140
Shankaraji Malhar, 291, 395
Shans, in Assam, 233; overrun Akyab,
476; migration ceases, 482; unable
to unite, 482; states annexed by
Bayinnaung, 486; Burmese against
Siamese, 487; burial customs
of, 487; Gwes take refuge
with, 505; in Alaungpaya's army,
507, 508, 509; in Hsinbyushin's
army, 514; aid Siamese against
Burmese, 514; tributary to both
China and Burma, 516
Shansabanids, 45
Shanwar Wada, 407; described, 413
Sharaf-ud-din Husain, Mirza, 82, 85,
98, 106
Share of produce, 453
Sharif Khan, 74, 94, 100
Sharing, 454, 468
Shar'iyat-ullah Khan, see Mir Jumla
Sharza Khan (later Rustam Khan),
254, 256, 276, 284, 291, 313
shast, 131
Shayista Khan, fights Marathas, 199;
receives title Khan Jahan, 208;
takes Chittagong, 229, 236-7, 481;
his campaign against Shivaji, 253,
254; occupies Poona, 257; seizes
English factories, 308; as viceroy in
Bengal, 311
Sher Afgan (‘Ali Quli), 160, 163
Sher Khan (or Shah), 21; makes
terms with Humayun, 22; holds
south Bihar, 28; advances into Ben-
gal, 29, 50; gains south Bihar and
Benares, 30, 50; defeats Humayun
at Chausa, 33; expels Mughul gov-
ernor from Bengal, advances to
meet Humayun near Kanauj, 34;
defeats him in battle, 35; follows
him to Punjab, 36; parentage (as
belonged to, 331
Shiah-Sunni dissensions, 6, 19, 40, 74,
76, 79; at Akbar's court, 114; in
army in Bengal, 115; between Mu-
ghuls and Bijapur, 197; Shah 'Ab-
bas II and Aurangzib, 229; over
extinction of Golconda kingdom,
288; under Bahadur Shah, 324; Saf-
dar Jang's hatred of Afghans, 429;
Safdar Jang and Ghazi-ud-din, 435
Shibarghan, 203
Shihab-ud-din Ahmad Khan, gover-
nor of Agra, 77; jealous of Atga
Khan 83; sent against Mirzas and
in Malwa, 97; in charge of crown
lands, 100; governor of Gujarat,
119; 133
Shihab-ud-din Ghori, 14
Shihab-ud-din Khan, 282
shiqqdar, 56
Shiranis, 239


## p. 686 (#728) ############################################

686
INDEX
crowns
Shish Mahall, at Agra, 554; at Lahore, 440; his aims on Bengal etc. , 413;
555
aids Najib-ud-Daula against Mara-
Shitthaung, 478
th 14; joins Abdali, 447; again
Shivaji, encroaches on Mughulter-
becomes minister, 448
ritory, 210; escapes from Agra, 236; Shuja'-ud-din Muhammad Khan be-
conquers Carnatic, 240, 276; Mug- comes viceroy of Bengal as Shuja'-
hul conmmanders against 253;
ud-Daula, 364
aids Jay Singh against Bijapur, Shukartar, 444
254; his early history, 256, 268; 0C- Shukr-un-Nisa Begam, 102
cupies Konkan, raids Poona, 257; shuturnal (camel guns), 424
sacks Surat, encircled by Jay Singli, Shway Yoe, 488
visits Agra, again opposes Mughuls, Shwebo, villages settled with Portu-
258, 273, 279; his greatest successes, guese captives, 495; birthplace of
himself Chhatrapati, his Alaungpaya, 504; French prisoners
death, 259, 279, 366; his capture of settled in, 506; supplied with water,
Torna, 268; murders Chandra Rao, 509; 511; Alaungpaya buried at,
builds Partabgarh, 269; attacked by 512; capital moved from, 513
Bijapur, kills Afzal Khan, 272; Shwebotha, 507
assumes title of raja, 273, 275; and Shwedagon, 483, 490, 499, 505, 515;
obtains chauth in Bijapur, 273; or- embellished by Hsinbyushin, 519
ganises his government, 274; raids Shwedaung, 478
Bijapur and Berar, 275; settles Shwekyathein, 480
Carnatic, 277, 291; his character, Shweli, 516
278; his domiinions, 279; his love Shwemawdaw, 490, 508
of literature, 426
Shwenaungbin, 516, 517
Shivaji II, 295, 392
Shwesandaw, 519
Shivner, 395
Shwesettaw, 497
Sholapur, in dispute between Ahmad- Shwezigon, 487, 516, 519
nagar and Bijapur, 188, 263; 190, Siadat Khan, 301
occupied by Khan Dauran, but res- Sialkot, 12
tored to Bijapur, 267
Siam, Siamese, invaded by Tabinsh-
Shorapur, 256
wehti, 483-4; by Bayinnaung, 468;
Shova Singh, 311
rebel near Pegu, 492; resist Nanda-
Shridhar, 427
bayin, 493; hold Tenasserim, 494,
Shrinivas Rao, Maratha minister, 379 495, 500; raid Syriam and Pegu.
Shripat Rao, 379, 401
499; invaded by Alaungpaya, 510,
Shrivardhan, 393
its independence, 513; invaded by
Shuja', see Shah Shuja'
Hsinbyushin, 513-16; expel Bur-
Shuja'at Khan (Kar Talab Khan),
303, 304
Sidi, the chief of Janjira, 394, 404
Shuja'at Khan (Muhammad Ma'sum), Sidi, 507
350, 351
Sidi 'Ali Ra'is, 69
Shuja'at Khan (or Ra'dandaz), 239
Sidi Mas'ud, see Mas'ud Khan, Sidi
Shuja'at Khan Sur, 59, 60
(of Bijapur)
Shuja'-ud-Daula, Nawab Vazir, suc- Sihonda, 188
ceeds Safdar Jang, 418; inclined Sikandar (or Ulugh Mirza), 94
towards peace with Marathas, 420; Sikandarabad, 416, 446, 447
at Panipat, 422; cremates Vishvas Sikandar 'Adil Shah (of Bijapur),
Rao's body, 424; becomes Nawab 255, 274, 275, 286
of Oudh, 439; receives 'Ali Gauhar, Sikandar Lodi, 9, 45, 241
mese, 520


## p. 687 (#729) ############################################

INDEX
687
9
9
Sikandar Shah Sur, assumes royal
title, 66; opposes Mughul army near
Sirhind, 67; defeats and flies to
Himalayas, 68; still maintains army,
70; attacks Mughuls but surrenders
and dies, 73
Sikandra, Akbar buried at, 153; his
tomb, 179, 548, 549-51; attacked by
Jats, 305
Sikhs, origin, tenets and growth, 244-
5; opposition to Islam, 245-7; re-
volt against Bahadur Shah, 322-4;
suppression of under Farrukh-
siyar, 335-6; resist oppression, 437;
assist Adina Beg Khan, 445
Sikri, see Fathpur Sikri
Silahdi (Silah-ud-din), 16
Silk, 307, 317, 487, 501, 509
Silversmiths, 509
Simla-garh, 234
Sinan, 524
Sind, 25; Humayun's experiences in,
37-9; annexed by Akbar, 137; Dara
Shukoh in, 223; land revenue of,
464; tile industry of, 560; architec-
ture in, 568-70
Sin-dagh, 437 and n. 1
Sindkhed, 380, 389
Singaung, 517
Singu, king of Burma, 520-1, 522
Sinhgarh (formerly Kondhana), 267
n. 1, 268; Raja Ram dies at, 295;
296; taken by Aurangzib, 298; Tara
Bai at, 410; celebrated in ballads,
427
Sinsani, 305, 306
Sipah-salar (commander-in-chief),
title of 'Abdullah Khan, Sayyid
(q. v. ), 331
Sipihr Shukoh, 227
Sira, 279
Siraj-ud-Daula, 364, 442, 443
Sirhind, 9, 35, 58, 59, 65, 67, 71; sacked
by Sikhs, 322; occupie dby Ahmad
Shah Abdali, 372
Sirchi, 104
Sironj, 306, 313, 342, 356, 357
Sir Roger Dowler, 364 n. 2
Sirsi; 59
Sisodia Rajputs, 248, 249, 250, 252
Sitiaurg, 508
Siwara, 304
Siyar-ul-Mutaakhkhirin, 418 n. 2, 423,
425 n. 1, 433 n. 3
Skardo, 206
Slavery, slaves, Mughul slaves taken
by Portuguese, 191; imported from
Abyssinia, 317, Maratha prisoners
enslaved after Panipat, 424; taken
from Bengal by Magh pirates, 479;
Shans enslaved by Bayinnaung,
487; settled by Thalun on land,
496; Burmese enslaved by Chinese,
497; shipwrecked crews enslaved
by Burmese, 501; customary
among races of Indo-China, 506;
Siamese enslaved by Burmese, 515
Sleeman, W. , 564
Slipper-bearer, 398 n. 1
Smim Htaw, 485-6
Smim Htaw Buddhaketi, 503
Smith, S. , 499 n. 2, 511 n. 1
Smith, V. A. , 83, 96 n. 1, 101, 103 n. 1;
on Akbar's mysticism, 120; on the
Din-i-Ilahi, 131; on Mughul art,
178; 476 n. 1
Soghor, 305
Sojat, 249, 304
Som, 323
Somnath, 242, 542
Son, 31
Sonargaon, 57; renamed Jahangir-
nagar,
190
Sondip, see Sandwip
Songarh, 381, 398
Sonnerat, 501 nn. 1 and 2
Sonpat, 322, 359
Sonpet, 143
Sonta, 508
Soron, 349
Sousa, Firia y, 484 n. 1, 489 n. 2, 498
n. 1, 495 n. 1
Spalato, 556
Spice Islands, 317
Spices, 317
Srighat, 234
Srinagar (Garhwal), 207, 228
Subarnarekha as boundary, 443
subas (provinces) of Aurangzib, 315-
16


## p. 688 (#730) ############################################

688
INDEX
>
Subhanji, 297
Sufi, Sufism, 119, 120, 130, 210, 217
n. 2; banned by Aurangzib, 232
Sugarcane, 460, 468
Sukhotai, 488
Sukkur, 570
Sulaiman Kararani (of Bengal), 90,
92, 99, 108, 110
Sulaiman Khan (Sur), 45, 46
Sulaiman Mirza (of Badakhshan),
41; besieges Kabul, 71; again mar-
ches on Kabul, 85; marries his
daughter to Muhammad Hakim, 86;
loses his country, visits Akbar and
departs for Mecca, 115; his dis-
putes with Shah Rukh, 134
Sulaiman Shukoh, 211, 215, 222, 227,
228
sul-ghul, 12
sulh-i-kull, 76, 153
Sultan, Shaikh, 144
Sultan Ahmad Khan, 3
Sultan Husain (Mir Malang), 301
Sultan Husain Baiqara, 1, 3, 5
Sultan Khvaja, 121, 123
Sultan Mahmud Khan, 3
Sultan Muhammad (son of Aurang-
zib), see Muhammad Sultan
Sultan Muhammad (Bihar Khan), 46,
47
Sultan Murad, see Murad, prince, 102
Sultanpur (Punjab), 11, 322
Sultanpur (in Deccan), 268
Sumatra, 309
Sundar Das, Maha Kavi Rai, 220
Sunni sect, 122; resent Shiah inno-
vation, 324; see also Shiah-Sunni
dissensions
Supa, 268
supari, 422
Sur (tribe) 45, 47; tombs, 528
Surajah Dowlah, see Siraj-ud-Daula,
364 and n. 2
Suraj Mal (Jat), against Bangash
Afghans, 415, 431; joins Marathas
against Abdali, 418, 447; abandons
them, 418; aids fugitives from Pani-
pat, 425; defeats Zu-'l-Fiqar Jang,
432; assists Safdar Jang's rebellion,
435; threatened by Marathas, 436;
attacked by Ahmad Shah Abdali,
438-9; shelters Ghazi-ud-din, 445
Surat, English and Dutch at, 219;
Dara Shukoh at, 226; sacked by
Shivaji, 258; first factory at, 306;
President and Council of, 307;
President transferred to Bombay
from, 308-9; English imprisoned at,
309; its importance for trade, 316
Surhurpur, 91
Surjan Rai, Raja, 77, 80, 99, 101
Surja Rao, 389
Surkhab, 239
Susa, 556
Suttee, see sati
suyurghal, 465
Swally, 309
swarajya, 395, 396, 400
Swat, 134, 135, 238
Symes, 479 n. 3, 502 n. 1, 517 n. 1
Syriam, 478; important port, 491;
taken by Arakanese, 493; held by
De Brito, 494; taken by Anaukpet-
lun, European factories at, 495;
501; raided by Siamese, 499; mas-
sacre of Burmese by Talaings at,
503; French at, 505; French expel-
led from, 506; burnt by Alaungpaya,
507
9
on
tabinan, 316
Tabinshwehti, king of Toungoo, har-
asses Arakan, 477; attacks lower
Burma, 482; annexes Pegu, attacks
Arakan, 483; invades Siam, employs
Talaings, 484; murdered, 485; his
dynasty overthrown by Talaings,
503
Taboo shedding royal blood,
499 n. 1
Taffetas, 307
Tahavvur Khan, 248, 250, 251, 252
Tahmasp I of Persia, 349
Tahmasp II of Persia, 349; exiled, 367
Taj Khan Kararani, 64, 65, 99, 112
Taj Mahall, 220, 561-6, 567
Takayutpi, 483
Talaban, 507, 508, 512
Talaings, interfere in Arakan,. 477;
royal guards in Arakan, 479; lose


## p. 689 (#731) ############################################

689
3
Tatar Khan Sarangkhani, 15
Tatta, 38; Shah Jahan defeated at,
177; mosque at, 220, 569-70; 223;
tombs at, 569
Tavernier, 271, 565, 566 and n. 1
Tavoy, 483, 509, 510
Taw Sein Ko, 519 n. 2
Taxation, under Aurangzib, 231, 241,
INDEX
Talaings (continued)
Pegu, 482; favoured by Tabinsh-
wehti, 484; rebel under Smim
Htaw, 485; crushed by Bayinnaung.
486; employed by him, 490; rebel,
ill-treated by Nandabayin and
migrate to Siam, 492; support De
Brito, 494; driven from Pegu by
Thalun, 496; law of inheritance,
497; fresh migration to Siam, 498;
conquer upper Burma, 503-4; de-
feated by Alaungpaya, 504-5; try
to retake Rangoon, 505; attacked
by Alaungpaya, 507; finally defea-
ted and dispersed, 508; 510; re-
fugees in Siam, 511; 513; rebel, 519
talati, 452 n. 1
Talegaon Dhamdhera, 387
taluq, 243
taluqas, 474
Talwandi, 223
Tamerlane, see Timur
Tamu, 509
Tanaji Malusre, 427
Tanda, captured by Mun‘im Khan,
112; headquarters of Mughuls in
Bengal, 114; 116; defended by Shu-
ja', 225, 226
Taninganwe, king of Burma, 499
Tanjore, threatened by Zu-'l-Fiqar,
293; Maratha kingdom of, 384, 408
Taping, 517
Taqarrub Khan, 321, 330
Tara Bai, places Shivaji II on throne,
295, 392; removed from adminis-
tration, 392; retires to Satara, 401;
sets up Ram Raja, 409-10; impri-
sons and denounces him, 410-11;
412
Taraori, 359
Tarbila, 10
Tarbiyat Khan, 229
Tardi Beg, 26, 27, 71, 75
Tarikh-i-Rashidi, 3, 19, 20
Tarikh-un-Navaitah, 369 n. 1
Tashkent, 4, 19
Tatar Khan Kashi, 67
Tatar Khan (Lodi), 9; attacks Mu-
ghuls, 22; raids Agra, defeated and
slain, 23
242; local and central sources, 449
Tegh Bahadur, Guru, 245
Telingana, 186
Teliyagarhi, forced by Sher Khan,
29; held by Jalal Khan, 50; cap-
tured by Mun‘im Khan, 112; held
by rebels against Todar Mal, 126;
taken by Khan A'zam, 132; held
briefly by Shuja', 225
Tembhumi, 144
Temple, Sir R. , 396, 407, 522 n.
1
Temples, newly built destroyed by
Shah Jahan, 192; turned into mos-
ques by Aura zib, 241-3; of Sikhs
destroyed, 245; destroyed in Mal-
wa, 312, 313; architecture of, 547
Tenasserim, invaded by Anaukpet-
lun, 495; held by Siamese, 500;
taken by Alaungpaya, 510
Tennant, 480 n. 3
Tenures, 452
Thabeiktaung, 476
Thalner, buildings at, 575
Thalun, king of Burma succeeds, 496;
his character and administration,
496-7
Thamada, king of Arakan, 482
Thana (near Bombay), 404, 405
Thana (near Calcutta), 308
Thanesar, battle between devotees at,
95; 322
Tharagon, 482
Thaungdut, 509
Thekyamanaung, 480
Themistocles, 68
Thihadaw, 521
Thihapate, 514, 515, 520
Thinganet, 482
Thirithudamma, king of Arakan, 479
thissaye, holy water, 504
Thorat, 380
Thun, 338, 348
44


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690
INDEX
rabad, Khudabad and Sukkur, 570;
of Muhammad 'Adil Shah I, 571-2;
of Ibrahim 'Adil Shah II, 573; of
Nasir Khan Faruqi, of Miran Mu-
barak Shah, 575; of Shah Nawaz
Khan, 576
Tooth, see Buddha Tooth
Torna, 268, 294, 296, 298
Toungoo dynasty, 482-504; vassal
king of, 490; with Arakan invades
Pegu, 493; taken by Anaukpetlun,
494; by Talaings, 503; dynasty over-
thrown by Talaings, 503
Trade, Roe's negotiations for, 162-3,
167; importance of Qandahar for,
170; Portuguese from Hoogly, 190;
hindered by Shah Jahan's build-
ing new Delhi, 206; Shah Jahan's
restrictions on, 218; transport dues
on abolished by Aurangzib, 231;
English factories and nature of, 306;
disputes with Mughuls, 307-9; Eu-
ropean at Surat penalised for pi-
racy, 310-11; English and Dutch in
Bengal, 311; between N. and S.
India held up by Marathas, 313;
value and nature of Mughul and
English, 316-17; rights granted to
English by Marathas in Deccan,
406; of Arakan, 480; in Burma
under Bayinnaung, 491; at Mergui,
500; at Syriam, 501
Transoxiana, held by Timurids, 1-3;
invaded by Shaibani Khan, 4;
Babur finally abandons, 8; Akbar's
design to conquer, 134; Jahangir's
plans against, 181; Janid chief of
invades Kabul, 184; changes in and
Shah Jahan's plans against, 202
Treachery of officers, 358, 375
Trichinopoly, taken by Nizam from
Raghuji, 368, 384; its previous
thwethauk, 490, 495
Tibet invaded by Mughuls, 198-9;
for Little Tibet, see Baltistan
tika, 230
Tilak, 64
Tiles, glazed, 559-60, 569
Tilpat, 243
Tilsit, 318
Tilwara, 78
Timur, 1, 2, 3, 9, 18, 297
Timur Shah Abadali, viceroy at La-
hore, 416, 445; marries Delhi prin-
cess, 438
Tin, 500-1
Tipam, 235
Tirmiz, 203
Tiruvannamalai, 276
Tobacco, 317
Tod, 101
Toda Bhim, 344
Todar Mal (Raja), in expedition
against Uzbegs, 93; revises land
revenue in Gujarat, 109, 396; be-
comes assistant minister 1573 and
minister 1582, 110; campaigns in
Bengal 112, 113; with Khan Jahan
in Bengal, 115, 116; defeats rebels
in Gujarat, 118; his strict religious
views, 119; attacks rebels in Bihar
and Bengal, 126; retrieves position
against Yusufzais, 135; death of,
138; as revenue minister, 459, 461,
462; in Bengal, 464
tola, 235
Tolls, 449 n. 1
Tombs, of 'Isa Khan, of Adham Khan,
of Sher Shah, of Hasan Khan, 526-
8; of Ghiyas-ud-din Tughluq, of
the Lodis, 527; of Islam Shah, of
Muhammad 'Adil Shah, 528, 571; of
Humayun, Muhammad Ghaus; of
Timur, Bibi Khanum, Sikandar
Lodi, 534; of Safi-ud-din, 535; of
Atga Khan, 535; of Akbar, 549-51;
of Jahangir, 551-2; of Khan Kha-
nan, 552; of I'timad-ud-Daula, 552-
3; of 'Ali Mardan Khan, of Afzal
Khan, 561; Taj Mahall, 561-6; of
Rabi'a-ud-Daurani, 567; of Safdar
Jang, 568; at Tatta, 569; at Haida-
capture by Raghuji, 384, 408
Trimbak (fort), 395
Trimbak (person), 298
Trimbak (place), 196
Trimbak Rao Dabhade, 382, 400,
401-2
Trimbak Sadashiy Purandhare, 417
Tuar (Rajputs), 116


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INDEX
691
Tufal Khan, 82
Tughluqabad, 71, 527
Tukaram, 221, 426
Tukaroi, 113
tulghama, 12
Tuljapur, 409
Tupayon, 499
tura, 12
Turani (or Mughul) party, decline
support to A'zam, 319; desert Kam
Bakhsh, 321; kept in background
by Bahadur Shah, 325; desert Rafi'
-ush-Shan, 326; passive at Samo-
garh, 328-9; its leaders and soldiers,
331; gaining strength under Nizam-
ul-Mulk, 341; combine with Iranis
against Sayyids, 344; Muhammad
Shah opposes it, 351; opposes com-
promise with Marathas, 335; plot
against, 363; appoints 'Azim-ullah
Khan to Malwa, 365; slighted by
Muhammad Shah, 366; 370
Turkey, at war with Shah 'Abbas,
Ulugh (or Sikandar) Mirza, 94
Uma Bai, 411
'Umarkot, 39
'Umar Shaikh Mirza, 2, 3, 4, 94
'Umdat-ul-Mulk (Amir Khan), vice-
roy of Allahabad, 363; appears at
court, 368; opposes 'Ali Muham-
mad Khan, 370; annoys Muham-
mad Shah and murdered, 371
Ummid 'Ali, 86
Umrao Singh, 109
Und, 238
ung-ghul, 12
Urganj, 229
'Usman Khan, 161
Ustad 'Isa, 562
Uzbegs, 4, 6, 7, 8; besiege Balkh, 11;
aid Kamran to invade Badakhshan,
41; 42; in Akbar's service rebel, 91,
92; defeated and pardoned, 93;
messages to Muhammad Hakim,
94; again rebel, 95; defeated near
Kara, 96; threaten Qandahar, 141;
trouble the Turks, 199; threaten
Kabul, 202; defeated by Murad
Bakhsh, 203; and by Aurangzib,
204; threaten Ghazni, 206
158; and with successor, 199; rela-
tions with Shah Jahan, 219; with
Aurangzib, 229
Turki, 344
Turkish Sultana, 542
Turktaz Khan, 381
"Twelve Mavals”, 382
'Ubaid-ullah, see Mir Jumla
'Ubaid-ullah Khan, 3, 7
Uchalan, 367
Udaipur sacked by Mughuls, 98; Rana
of submits to Shah Jahan, 207;
temples at destroyed, 242, 249; see
also Mewar
Udaji Chauhan, 401
Udaji Powar, 398, 402
Udapur, 381
Uday Singh of Chitor, 55, 82, 97, 98
Udgir, 196, 390, 417
Uighur Khan, 239, 305
Ujjain, 26, 52, 66; besieged by Mirzas,
99
Ujjainiya Rajputs, 172, 201
'Ulama defined, 113
Ulugh Beg, 3, 5
Ulugh Mirza, 94
Vaijapur, 187
Vajragarh (Rudramal), 258
Vakil-i-mutlaq, 325, 386
Valentyn, 480 n. 4
Valuation of empire, 461-2
Valudavur, 387
Vangi, 210
Vasantgarh, 273
Vazir Khan (brother of Asaf Khan),
93, 94, 118, 119
Vazir Khan (of Sultanpur), 322
Vedanta, 217 n. 2
Vellore, 276, 279, 293
Venkanna (or Akkanna), 274, 276
Verroneo, G. , 562
Vesali, 476
Vidyapur, 340
Viengchang (Linzin), 486, 514
Vijayadurg, 394
Vijayanagar, 9
Vikramaditya, title assumed by Himu,
72


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692
INDEX
Vikramajit, 13
Wood, 503 n. 4
Village, 451
Woollen cloth, 317
Vingurla, 283
Wroughton, 480 n. 1
Vishalgarh (Khelna), 275, 293, 296; wungyi (minister), 489
taken by Aurangzib, 298
Vishvanath, 242
Xavier, Jerome, 141
Vishvas Rao, invades Hyderabad ter-
Xenophon, 19
ritory, 389; in army against Abdali, Yadavas, 426
417, 446; 418; at Panipat, 422 ad Yadgar Mirza (of Kashmir), 140
n. 2; wounded and killed, 424
Yadgar Nasir (or Mirza), at Kalpi,
Vithal Rao, 440
31; at Delhi, 32; defeats Qutb Khan,
Vithal Shivdeo Vinchurkar, 417
34; 35; attacks Sehwan, 37; intri-
Vithoba, 426
gues with Shah Husain, 38-9; exe-
Vyakarna, 513
cuted, 41
Vyankaji (or Ekoji), 256, 403
Yahkaingminthami-egyin, 477
Ya'qub Khan, 135, 136, 138
Wa, 503
Yaqut, 147, 148
wagnakh, 272
Yaman, 229
Wagingera, 296, 298-9, 301, 321
Yashwant Rao Powar, 402, 418
Wais Mirza, see Khan Mirza
Yaw, 521
Wala Jah, 320
Yawnghwe, 487, 497
Wala Tabar, 332
Yazamanisula, 497
Wali, 15
Yazawwingyi, 500
Wandan, 298
Yazdani, 165 n. 2
Wandiwash, 290, 291, 293
Yun, 487
Wardhangarh, 298
Yung-li, 497, 499
Wareru, 486
Yunnan, 497, 499, 516, 518
Warfare, sandbags used in Rajputa- Yusuf 'Adil Shah, 271
na, 54; Indian and European me- Yusuf Khan Mirza, 95, 140
thods of contrasted, 385, 390; Yusuf Shah (of Kashmir), expelled,
change in Maratha methods of, 417; 124; summoned by Akbar, 135;
Rohilla methods at Panipat, 423; surrenders, 136; receives small
Hindu food restrictions affect, 423
post in Bihar, 138; besieges Seraen,
140, 154
Warna, treaty of, 401
Yusufzais, 10, 134, 135, 136, 137; at-
Warry, 499 n. 4, 517 n. 1
tacks Mughuls, 238; crushed by
wasi, 324
Aurangzib, 239
watan (hereditary holding), 414
Water-carrier of Chausa, 33, 44
Zabardast Khan, 312
Watson, 394
Zabauk Shah, king of Arakan, 477
wazan, 239
Zafar Jang, title of 'Abdullah Khan,
Wazirabad, 359
Sayyid (q. v. ), 331
Wazir Khan, 561
Zafar Jang, title of Salabat Jang, 387
Weights and measures, 490
Zahid Beg, 31
Vendel, X. , on Jats, 305
Zain Khan Kuka, 117, 135, 136, 137
White, 500 and n. 3
Zain-ul-Haqq, Shaikh, 302
Whitehead, R. B. , 180 nn. 1 and 2
Zakariya Khan, appointed to Punjab,
White Horse, 504
363; surrenders 'Azim-ullah Khan,
Wilks, 369 n. 1
366; sends son to court, 368; dies,
Wine, 317
370
n. 1
2


## p. 693 (#735) ############################################

INDEX
603
zakat, 316
Zamana Beg, see Mahabat Khan, 156
Zamaniya, 90, 111
Zaqqum zar, 166
Zenyaungbin, 507
Zetuwadi, 507
Zib-un-Nisa, 252, 302
zimma, 240
Zinamanaung, 480
Zinat-un-Nisa, 302
Zoroastrian tenets, 121
Zu-'l-Fiqar Jang (Sadat Khan), 372;
becomes Amir-ul-Umara, 428; sent
to Ajmer, 431; embroiled with
Jodhpur, 432; loses position, 433;
joins Safdar Jang in civil war, 435
Zu-'l-Fiqar Khan (I'tiqad Khan), be-
sieges Raigarh, 284; unsuccessful
at Gingee, 292; takes Gingee, 293;
receives title of Nusrat Jang, 296;
298; 299; 301; a leader of Irani
party and supports A'zam Shah,
319; escapes from battle in Jajau,
320; defeats Kam Bakhsh, 321;
fights Sikh rebels, 323; his intri-
gues at death of Bahadur Shah,
325; supports Jahandar Shah and
becomes minister, 326; fails in bat-
tle against Farrukh-siyar, 328;
retires to Delhi, 329; submits to
Farrukh-siyar, but strangled, 330-
1; advices restoration of Shahu, 392
Zu-'n-Nun Arghun, 3


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate I

日​回
​1. Delhi, Jamali Masjid (cir. 1530)

lesenza dubsmalt
ASE
2. Delhi, Tomb of Isa Khan (1547)


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate II

fins
3. Delhi, Tomb of Adham Khan (dec. 1561)
4. Sasaram, Tomb of Hasan Khan Sur (cir. 1540)


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV

Plate III
5. Sasaram, Tomb of Sher Shah Sur (cir. 1545)
6. Sasaram, Tomb of Sher Shah Sur, Northern Entrance


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate IV

리
​7. Delhi, Main Entrance to Purana Qil'a (cir. 1545)
8. Delhi, Qil-a-i-Kuhna Masjid in the Purana Qil'a (cir. 1545)


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Se
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
fa
Plate V

9, Delhi, Mihrab in the Qil-a-i-Kuhna Masjid
10. Delhi, Pendentive in the Qil'a-i-Kuhna Masjid


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate VI

11. Delhi, Entrance Gateway to the Khair-ul-manazil (cir. 1560)
12. Delhi, Tomb of Humayun (1564)


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate VII

13. Delhi, Tomb of Atga Khan (dec. 1561)


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate VIII

14. Jaunpur, Bridge over river Gumti (1564-8)
MEN
15. Gwalior, Tomb of Muhammad Ghaus (cir. 1564)


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV

Plate IX
16. Gwalior, Perforated stone screen in tomb of Muhammad Ghaus


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate X

17. Agra Fort
18. Agra Fort, Delhi Gate (1566)


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XI

18
19. Agra Fort, Jahangiri Mahall, east facade

20. Agra Fort, Jahangiri Mahall, detail of east facade


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XII

23
21. Agra Fort, Jahangiri Mahall, brackets in courtyard
22. Agra Fort, Jahangiri Mahall, interior of northern hall


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XIII

REŽE
23. Lahore, Wooden doorway of a house (16th cent. ? )


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. 11

Plate XIV
3:
-33
DI
40
24. Mughul miniature painting, probably depicting the construction of
the Elephant Gateway of Agra Fort (painted cir. 1580)


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PI
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XV
ای که اخیرا به زمین مناستیت پر مقاس سمنان سیر وب ہونے
و نیز در صورت و نیش خند رفت
2
25. Mughul miniature painting, depicting building under
construction (painted cir. 1580)


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XVI

26. Fathpur Sikri, Entrance gateway to palace of Jodh Bai (cir. 1572)
27. Fathpur Sikri, Jodh Bai's palace, west side of courtyard


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XVII

28. Fathpur Sikri, Jodh Bai's palace, west side of courtyard

29. Fathpur Sikri, House of Miriam


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XVIII

ORYG
31. Fathpur Sikri, Raja Birbal's house, detail of brackets
TOEN
30. Fathpur Sikri, Jodh Bai's palace, interior of
northern hall
on exterior


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Plate XIX

pern
delete
32. Fathpur Sikri, Raja Birbal's house
33. Fathpur Sikri, Sultana's house


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Plate XX
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV

W,
77
34. Fathpur Sikri, Sultana's house, carved sandstone
panel in interior
35. Fathpur Sikri, Sultana's house, carved sandstone
detail of exterior


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV

Plate XXI
36. Fathpur Sikri, the Diwan-i-Khass, interier with pillar


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXII

SSS
37. Fathpur Sikri, the Diwan-i-Khass
38. Fathpur Sikri, Jami' Masjid, facade (finished 1571)


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Plate XXIII
39. Fathpur Sikri, Jami' Masjid, central mihrab

40. Fathpur Sikri, Jami' Masjid, interior showing brackets


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXIV
CABO
41. Fathpur Sikri, Buland Darwaza, exterior (1575-6)
42. Fathpur Sikri, Buland Darwaza, interior view


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXV

43. Fathpur Sikri, Tomb of Shaikh Salim Chishti
us
44. Fathpur Sikri, Tcmb of Shaikh Salim Chishti, portico


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXVI

ES
45. Brindaban, Temple of Govind Deo (1590)
46. Brindaban, Temple of Govind Deo, detail of arcades


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXVII

€3. 0
LG
C
47. Jaipur, Amber, Courtyard of Durbar Hall


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXVIII

48. Sikandra, Akbar's Tomb (finished 1612–13)
49. Silkandra, Akbar's Tomb, entrance gateway


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXIX

కందాం
50. Sikandra, Akbar's Tomb, inlaid stonework on entrance gateway
51.
Sikandra, Akbar's Tomb, entrance to
chamber


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXX

nr.
52. Sikandra, Akbar's Tomb, upper storey
a
53. Agra, Tomb of lítimad-ud-Daula (finished 1628)


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXI

54. Agra, Tomb of I'timad-ud-Daula, detail of inlay


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXII

55. Agra, Tomb of I'timad-ud-Daula, river entrance gateway
56. Agra, Tomb of I'timad-ud-Daula, interior of upper storey


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Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXIII

57. Lahore, Tomb of Jahangir at Shahdara (1627)


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXIV

REACTOS
58. Delhi, Tomb of Khan Khanan (1627)
2012 ago
59. Agra Fort, the Diwan-i-Khas


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Plate XXXV
60. Agra Fort, the Khass Mahall


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXVI

61. Agra Fort, the Musamman Burj
62. Agra Fort, Moti Masjid interior


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV

Plate XXXVII
63. Agra Fort, the Musamman Burj, interior
64. Agra Fort, Moti Masjid, exterior


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXVIII

ETA
65.
Lahore Fort, Shish Mahall
56. Lahore, Mosque of Wazir Khan (1634)


## p. xxxix (#775) ##########################################


The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
31751
TIIC CITADEL ON THE
"GRDAT IOGHUL
DELHI
PULT BY RANTAHAN
158-1648
AND ADDED YOBRANG
RETTRONCC
SURAL 9 BAENA BOLY
BRIDGET AURAYA
PASANGIL. LAHORE GATE
& HAN BURJ 1 COVERO DAZAR
4 MOD MAHAL Z ARCADED STREET.
MAMMAM NATIN TAO.
DOWANIRAN PADA
* KROGH SNOTI MASJID ALIT
JHARSKA. ALBANIZED
& RAY AMAL. 26 KAAT OM GARDEN
9. RIVER PAMA. GARIEN OF Marc
NO YUMTAZ MORE
IL DW-I-
R MUSTA
B 2206
HABIDED TO
ASAD BURG
K CITY WALL
F MORT
3 DEUR GARE
Plate XXXIX
67. Delhi Fort, "The Citadel of the Great Moghul” (1639-48)


## p. xl (#776) #############################################


The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XL
68.
Delhi Fort, the Diwan-i-'Am, the throne


## p. xli (#777) ############################################

The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV

Plate XLI
69. Delhi Fort, the Diwan-i-Am
70.