No More Learning

533, and under Germanus in 537; his father was
ment.


## p. 854 (#874) ############################################

854
CORIPPUS.
CORNELIA.
named Evantus; his wife was the danghter of a p. 247) speaks as if Ruiz had previously published
king; his son was called Peter; he had been em- an edition at Madrid in 1579; to this, or these,
ployed in the East against the Persians, and had succeeded the edition of Thomas Dempster, 8vo.
been recalled from thence to head an expedition Paris, 1610; of Rivinus, 8vo. , Leipzig, 1663 ; of
Against the rebellious Moors. (Procop. U. c. and Ritterhusius, 4to. , Altdorf, 1664 ; of Goetzius,
B. G. iv. 34 ; Johan. i. 197, 380, vii. 576. ) 8vo. , Altdorf, 1743 ; and of Foggini, 4to. Rome,
Although the designation and age of Corippus 1777, which completes the list.
are thus satisfactorily ascertained, and the author The Johannis, discovered as described above,
of the Johannis is proved to be the same person was first printed at Milan, 4to. , 1820, with the
with the panegyrist of Justinian's nephew, we notes of Mazuchelli.
have no means of deciding with equal certainty Both works will be found in the best form in
whether he is to be identified with the African the new Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae
bishop Cresconius who compiled a Canonum Bre- at present in the course of publication at Bonn.
viarium and a Concordia Canonum, the former The Canonum Breviarium and the Concordia
being a sort of index or table of contents to the Canonum are printed entire in the first volume of
latter, which comprises an extensive and important the Bibliotheca Juris Canonici published by Voellus
collection of laws of the Church, arranged not and Justellus at Paris, fol. 1661.
chronologically according to the date of the several The Breviarium was first published at Paris by
councils, but systematically according to the nature Pithou in 1588, 8vo. , and is contained in the
of the subjects, and distributed under three hun- | Bibliotheca Patrum Lugdun. vol. ix. (W. R. ]
dred titles. Saxe and most writers upon the history CORISCUS (Kópio kos), is mentioned, with
of ecclesiastical literature place the prelate in the Erastus, as a disciple of Plato, by Diogenes (iii.
reign of Tiberius III. as low as A. D. 698, this 31, s. 46), who also states that Plato wrote a
epoch being assigned to him on the double suppo letter to Erastus and Coriscus. (ii. 36, & 61. )
sition that he was the composer of the Libyan War They were both natives of Scepsis in the Troas.
and that this was the Libyan War of Leontius; (Diog. I. c. ; Strab. xii. p. 608. ) [P. S. )
but the latter hypothesis has now been proved to CORNE'LIA. 1. One of the noble women at
be false. The epithets Africani and Grammatici Rome, who was said to have been guilty of poison-
-attached, as we have already seen, to the name ing the leading men of the state in B. C. 331, the
of Corippus in the editio princeps of the panegyric, first instance in which this crime is mentioned in
the former pointing out his country, which is Roman history. The aediles were informed by a
clearly indicated by several expressions in the slave-girl of the guilt of Cornelia and other Roman
work itself, the latter a complimentary designation matrons, and in consequence of her inforination
equivalent at that period to “ learned,"convey they detected Cornelia and her accomplices in the
the sum total of the information we possess con- act of preparing certain drugs over a fire, which
cerning his personal history.
they were compelled by the magistrates to drink,
With regard
his merits, the epigrammatic and thus perished. (Liv. vii. 18; comp. Val.
censure of Baillet, that he was a great flatterer Max. ii. 5. § 3; August. de Civ. Dei, ij. 17;
and a little poet, is perhaps not absolutely unjust; Dich of Ant. s. v. Veneficium. )
but if we view him in relation to the state of lite
rature in the age when he flourished, and compare
Family of the Cinnae.
him with his contemporaries, we may feel inclined 2. Daughter of L. Cinna, one of the great
to entertain some respect for his talents. He was leaders of the Marian party, was married to C.
evidently well read in Virgil, Lucan, and Claudian; Caesar, afterwards dictator. Caesar married her
the last two especially seem to have been his mo in B. C. 83, when he was only seventeen years of
dels; and hence, while his language is wonderfully age; and when Sulla commanded him to put her
pure, we have a constant display of rhetorical de away, he refused to do so, and chose rather to be
clamation and a most ambitious straining after deprived of her fortune and to be proscribed himself.
splendour of diction. Nor is the perusal of his Cornelia bore him his daughter Julia, and died be
verses unattended with profit, inasmuch as he fore his quaestorship. Caesar delivered an oration
frequently sheds light upon a period of history for in praise of her from the Rostra, when he was
which our authorities are singularly imperfect and quaestor. (Plut. Caes. 1, 5; Suet. Caes. 1, 5, 6;
obscure, and frequently illustrates with great life Vell
. Pat. ii. 41. )
and vigour, the manners of the Byzantine court. 3. Sister of the preceding, was married to Cn.
In proof of this, we need only turn to the 45th Domitius Ahenobarbus, who was proscribed by
chapter of Gibbon, where the striking description Sulla in B. C. 82, and killed in Africa, whither he
of Justin's elevation, and the complicated ceremo- had fled. (AHENOBARBUS, No. 6. ]
nies which attended his coronation, is merely a
translation into simple and concise prose” from
Family of the Scipiones.
the first two books of Corippus. The text, as 4. The elder daughter of P. Scipio Africanus
might be anticipated from the circumstance that the elder, was married in her father's life-time to
each poem depends upon a single MS. , that one of P. Scipio Nasica. (Liv. xxxviii. 57 ; Polyb. xxxii.
these has never been collated or even seen by any 13. )
modern scholar, and that the other was transcribed 5. The younger daughter of P. Scipio Africanus
at a late period by a most ignorant copyist,—is the elder, was married to Ti. Sempronius Gracchus,
miserably defective; nor can we form any reason- censor B. C. 169, and was by him the mother of
able expectation of its being materially improved. the two tribunes Tiberius and Caius. Gracchus
The Editio Princeps of the Panegyric is gene espoused the popular party in the commonwealth,
rally marked by bibliographers as having been and was consequently not on good terms with
printed by Plantin, at Antwerp, in 1581; but Scipio, and it was not till after the death of the
Funccius (De incrti ac decrepit. L. L. Senectute, I latter, according to most accounts, that Gracchus


## p. 855 (#875) ############################################

CORNELIA.
855
CORNELIANUS.
married his daughter. According to other state- 6. Daughter of P. Cornelius Scipio (also called
ments, however, Cornelia was married to Gracchus Q. Caecilius Metellus Scipio, on account of his
in the life-time of her father, and Scipio is said to adoption by Q. Metellus), consul in B. C. 52,
have given her to Gracchus, because the latter in- was first married to P. Crassus, the son of the
terfered to save his brother L. Scipio from being triumvir, who perished, in B. C. 53, with his fa-
dragged to prison. (Plut. Ti. Gracch. l; Liv. ther, in the expedition against the Parthians.
xxxviii. 57. ) Cornelia was left a widow with a In the next year she married Pompey the
young family of twelve children, and devoted her- Great. This marriage was not merely a political
self entirely to their education, rejecting all offers one ; for Pompey seems to have been captivated
of a second marriage, and adhering to her resolu- by her. She was still young, possessed of ex-
tion even when tempted by Ptolemy, who offered traordinary beauty, and distinguished for her
to share his crown and bed with her. Of her knowledge of literature, music, geometry, and phi-
numerous family three only survived their child- losophy. In B. C. 49, Pompey sent ber, when he
hood, -
-a daughter, who was married to Scipio abandoned Italy, with his youngest son Sextus to
Africanus the Younger, and her two sons Tiberius Lesbos, where she received her husband upon his
and Caius. Cornelia had inherited from her father fight after the battle of Pharsalia. She accom-
a love of literature, and united in her person the panied him to the Egyptian coast, saw bim mur-
severe virtues of the old Roman matron with the dered, and fled first to Cyprus and afterwards to
superior knowledge, refinement, and civilization Cyrene. But, pardoned by Caesar, she soon after-
which then began to prevail in the higher classes wards returned to Rome, and received from him
at Rome. She was well acquainted with Greek the ashes of her husband, which she preserved on
literature, and spoke her own language with that his Alban estate. (Plut. Pomp. 55, 66, 74, 76,
purity and elegance which pre-eminently character-78–80; Appian, B. C. ii. 83 ; Dion Cass. xl. 51,
ises well educated women in every country. Her xlii. 5; Vell. Pat. ii. 53; Lucan, iii. 23, v. 725,
letters, which were extant in the time of Cicero, viii. 40, &c. )
were models of composition, and it was doubtless
mainly owing to her judicious training that her
Family of the Sullae.
sons became iu after-life such distinguished orators 7. Sister of the dictator Sulla, was married to
and statesmen. (Comp. Cic. Brut. 58. ) As the Nonius, and her son is mentioned as grown up
daughter of the conqueror of Hannibal, the mother in B. c. 88. (Plut. Sull. 10. )
of the Gracchi, and the mother-in-law of the taker 8. Daughter of the dictator Sulla, was married
of Carthage and Numantia, Cornelia occupies a to Q. Pompeius Rufus, who was murdered by the
prouder position than any other woman in Roman Marian party, in B. C. 88, at the instigation of the
history. She was almost idolized by the people, tribune Sulpicius. (Liv. Epit. 77; Vell. Pat. ii.
and exercised an important influence over her two 18; Plut. Sull. 8.
)
sons, whose greatness she lived to see, -and also 9. Another daughter of the dictator Sulla, was
their death. It was related by some writers that Ti. married first to C. Memmius, and afterwards to T.
Gracchus was urged on to propose his laws by the Annius Milo. She is better known by the name
reproaches of his mother, who upbraided him with of Fausta. [Fausta. )
her being called the mother-in-law of Scipio and CORNELIA ORESTILLA. [ORESTILLA. ]
not the mother of the Gracchi; but though she CORNEʻLIA PAULLA. [PAULLA. ]
was doubtless privy to all the plans of her son, CORNE'LIA GENS, patrician and plebeian,
and probably urged him to persevere in his course, was one of the most distinguished Roman gentes,
his lofty soul needed not such inducements as these and produced a greater number of illustrious men
to undertake what he considered necessary for the than any other house at Rome. All its great
salvation of the state. Such respect was paid to families belonged to the patrician order. The
her by her son Caius, that he dropped a law upon names of the patrician families are :— ARVINA,
her intercession which was directed against M. Blasio, CBTHEGUS, Cinna, Cossus, DOLABELLA,
Octavius, who had been a colleague of Tiberius in LENTULUS (with the agnomens Caudinus, Clodi-
his tribunate. But great as she was, she did not anus, Crus, Gaetulicus, Lupus, Maluginensis, Mar.
escape the foul aspersions of calumny and slander. cellinus, Niger, Rufinus, Scipio, Spinther, Sura),
Some attributed to her, with the assistance of her MaLUGINENSIS, MAMMULA, MERENDA, MERULA,
daughter, the death of her son-in-law, Scipio Afri- RUFINU6, SCAPULA, SCIPIO (with the agpomens
canus the Younger (Appian, B. C. i. 20); but this Africanus, Asiaticus, A sina, Barbatus, Calvus,
charge is probably nothing but the base invention of Hivpallus, Nasica, Serapio), Sisenna, and SULLA
party malice. She bore the death of her sons with (with the agnomen Felir). The names of the
magnanimity, and said in reference to the conse- plebeian families are BALBus and GALLUs, and we
crated places where they had lost their lives, that also find various cognomens, as Chrysogonus, Cul-
they were sepulchres worthy of them. On the mur-leolus, Phagita, &c. , given to freedmen of this gens.
der of Caius, she retired to Misenum, where she There are also several plebeians mentioned without
spent the remainder of her life. Here she exercised any surname : of these an account is given under
unbounded hospitality ; she was constantly sur-CORNELIUS. The following cognomens occur on
rounded by Greeks and men of letters ; and the coins of this gens:--Balbus, Blasio, Cethegus, Cinna,
various kings in alliance with the Romans were Lentulus, Scipio, Sisenna, Sulla. Under the empire
accustomed to send her presents, and receive the the number of cognomens increased considerably;
like from her in return. Thus she reached a good of these an alphabetical list is given under Cor-
old age, honoured and respected by all, and the nelius.
Roman people erected a statue to her, with the CORNELIA'NUS, a Roman rhetorician, who
inscription, CornelIA, MOTHER OF THE GRacchi. seems to have lived in the reign of M. Aurelius
(Plut. Ti. Grucch. 1, 8, C. Gracch. 4, 19; Oros. and Verus, and was secretary to the emperor M.
v. 12; Vell. Pat. ii. 7. )
Aurelius. The grammarian Phrynichus, wbo de-
.


## p. 856 (#876) ############################################

856
CORNELIUS.
CORNELIUS.
dicated to Cornelianus his “ Eclogc. " speaks of him unwilling to be deprived of, and the tribune Ser-
in terms of high praise, and describes hiin as wor- vilius Globulus, a colleaguc of Cornelius, was per-
thy of the age of Demosthenes. (Comp. Phrynich. suaded to interposc, and prohibit the reading of
s. v. Baginioga, p. 225, s. v. td mpóowna, p. 379, the rogation hy the clerk. Cornelius thereupon
ed. Lobeck. ) Fronto (Epist. ad Amic. i. 4, p. 187 rend it himself, and a tumult followed. Comclius
and p. 237) mentions a rhetorician of the name of took no part in the riot, and evinced his moderation
Sulpicius Cornelianus; but whether he is the same by being content with a law, which made the
as the friend of Phrynichus, as Mai supposes, is presence of 200 senators requisite to the validity
uncertain, though there is nothing to oppose the of a dispensing senatusconsultum. When his year
supposition.
[L. S. ] of office was ended, he was accused of majestas by
CORNEʼLIUS. Many plebeians of this name P. Cominius, for reading the rogation in defiance
frequently occur towards the end of the republic of the intercession of Globulus; the accusation
without any cognomen. (CORNELIA Gens. ) Their was dropped this year, but renewed in B. C. 65.
great number is no doubt owing to the fact men-Cornelius was ably defended by Cicero (part of
tioned by Appian (B. C. i. 100), that the dictator whose speech is extant), and was acquitted by a
Sulla bestowed the Roman franchise upon 10,000 majority of votes. [COMINIUS, Nos. 5 and 6. ]
slaves, and called them after his own name, “ Cor- In his tribuneship, he was the successful pro-
nelii," that he might always have a large number poser of a law, of which the importance can
among the people to support him. Of these the scarcely be over-rated. In order to check the
most important are :--
partiality of occasional edicts, it was enacted by
1. Cornelius, a secretary (scriba) in Sulla's the lex Cornelia “ ut praetores ex edictis suis per-
dictatorship, lived to become city quaestor in the petuis jus dicerent. " (Dict. of Ant. s. t. Edictum. )
dictatorship of Caesar. (Sall. Hist. in Or. Lep. ; Cornelius was a man of blameless private life,
Cic. de off. ii. 8. )
and, in his public character, though he was accused
2. CORNELIUS PHAGITA, the commander of a of factiousness by the nobles, seems to have adva
company of soldiers, into whose hands Caesar fell cated useful measures. (Asconius, in Cic. pro
when he was proscribed by Sulla in B. c. 82. It Cornel. ; Dion Cass. xxxvi. 21, 23; Drumann's
was with difficulty that Cornelius allowed him to Gesch. Roms, ii. p. 613. )
(J. T. G. ]
escape even after receiving a bribe of two talents, CORNEʻLIUS, succeeded Fabianus as bishop
but Caesar never punished him when he afterwards of Rome on the 4th of June, A. D. 251. He is
obtained supreme power. (Suet. Caes. 74; Plut. chiefly remarkable on account of the controversy
Cacs. 1.
which he maintained with Novatianus in regard to
3. C. CORNELIUS, tribune of the plebs, B. C. 67, the readmission of the Lapsi, that is, Christians
whom Cicero defended. See below.
who after baptism, influenced by the terrors of per-
4. C. CORNELIUS, a Roman knight, and one of secution, had openly fallen away from the faith.
Catiline's crew, undertook, in conjunction with L. Cornelius was disposed to be lenient towards the
Vargunteius to murder Cicero in B. c. 63, but their renegades upon receiving full evidence of their
plan was frustrated by information conveyed to contrition, while Novatianus denied the power of
Cicero througb Curius and Fulvia. When accused the church to grant forgiveness under such circum-
subsequently, he could obtain no one to defer. d stances and restore the culprits to her communion.
bim; but he escaped punishment probably on ac. The result of the dispute was, that, upon the elec-
count of the information he gave respecting the tion of Cornelius, Novatianus refused to acknow-
conspiracy. When P. Sulla was accused in B c. ledge the authority of his opponent, who summoned
62 of participation in the conspiracy, Cornelius a council, by which his own opinions were fully
caused his son to come forward as a witness against confirmed. Upon this the religious warfare raged
biin. (Sal. Cat. 17, 28; Cic. pro Sull. 2, 6, 18. ) more fiercely than ever; Novatianus was irregu-
5. P. CORNELIUS, tribune of the plebs, B. c. 51. larly chosen bishop by some of his own partizans,
(Cic. ad Fum. vii. 8. )
and thus arose the schism of the Novatians. (No.
6. CORNELIUS, a centurion in the army of VATIANUS. ) Cornelius, however, enjoyed his
young Octavianus, was at the head of the embassy dignity for but a very brief period. He was
sent to Rome in B. C. 43, to demand in the name banished to Civita Vecchia by the emperor Gallus,
of the army the consulship for their general. in A. D. 252, where he soon after died, or, accord-
When the senate hesitated to comply with their ing to some accounts, suffered martyrdom. He is
demands, Cornelius threw back his cloak, and known to have writted several Epistles, two of
pointing to the hilt of his sword, exclaimed, “ This which addressed to Cyprian will be found in the
shall make him consul, if you won't. ”(Suet. Aug. 26. ) works of that prelate, and in Coustant's “ Epistolae
C. CORNELIUS, of a plebeian branch of the Pontificum," p. 125, while a fragment of a third is
Cornelia gens, was quaestor of Pompey the Great. preserved in the ecclesiastical history of Eusebius.
In the year B. C. 67, he was tribune of the plebs, (vi. 43. ) (CYPRIANUS. ]
(W. R. )
and proposed a law in the senate to prevent the CORNELIUS, SE'RVIUS. In the Graeco-
lending of money to foreign ambassadors at Rome. Roman Epitome Legum, composed about A. D. 945
The proposition was not carried, since many of by one Embatus, and preserved in MS. at Flo-
the senators derived profit from the practice, which rence (Cod. Laurent. lxxx. 6), it is stated, that
had led to shameful abuses by the bribery and ex- Servius Cornelius was employed by the emperor
tortions which it covered. He then proposed that Hadrian, in conjunction with Salvius Julianus, to
no person should be released from the obligations collect, arrange, and remodel the edictum per-
of a law except by the populus.