Mac Ceoch Mac Keogh, chief Uaithne Tire, thus
mentioned
by O'Heerin:
The hereditary right
the extensive plain, the clan Dinnahane.
The hereditary right
the extensive plain, the clan Dinnahane.
Four Masters - Annals of Ireland
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wards Wexford, but the Danish and Irish inhabitants that town bravely resisted them various conflicts for the space three days, but being overcome they surrendered the town Mac Murrogh, who soon afterwards collecting powerful army three thousand men, marched, together with his English allies, into Os sory and other parts Leinster, and ravaged the country, which expedition account may found Hanmer's Chronicle, and Harris's Hibernica, written by Maurice Regan, who was
Tipperary and laid waste the country; out according Masters, and other authorities, Donal O’Brien, king the head the Dalcassians, aided battalions
the Four Thomond, Connaught,
REIGN OF HENRY IV.
taken by the sons of Fergal Mac Dermott, and many persons were slain and drowned about
Ireland, landed the bay Bannow, Bag-an-bun, the county
Wexford, near the bay Waterford, with force about five hundred men, knights and archers, according Hanmer, and
were joined five hundred the picked troops their Irish
ally, Dermod Mac Murrogh. Their combined forces marched to Easter Monday, the 17th April, 1172, set sail for England,
secretary
Raymond
city, joined by the Irish, sallied out attack them, but were dred them, according the Annals Inisfallen. 1175, defeated chiefly stratagem the English, who collected to the English forces, commanded Raymond Gros, joined by
Mac Murrogh. 1170, the 1st May, Gros, and other Anglo-Norman chiefs, landed near
Dundonnel, Dundonalf, according others, Dun Dundrone, the county Wexford, about four miles from Waterford, near the river Suir, with force about one hundred and thirty knights and archers; and being joined other
under king Roderick O'Conor, marched oppose them, and great battle fought Thurles, totally defeated the English forces,
whom seventeen hundred were slain, and the few who sur vived fled dismay with the earl Waterford. After intel Anglo-Normans from Wexford, under Hervey Monte Ma ligence the victory Thurles reached the Irish Waterford, risco, they proceeded attack Waterford. The Danes that they attacked the English garrison that city and slew two hun
the rock doragh
197 care surrendered
and arrived the same day Port Finnain Wales. 1174, Raymond Gros landed Waterford, with large force from Wales, relieve Strongbow, then besieged the Irish that city, and succeeded rescuing him.
The Battle Thurles. —A. 1174, the English forces, joined
by some Danish allies from Dublin, and commanded earl Strongbow, Henry Monte Marisco, and others, marched into
and the guards who were on receiving bribe.
said, council parliament
synod bishops and clergy Cashel, which account may found Lanigan's Ecclesiastical History. King Henry, after remaining Ireland about six months, embarked Wexford on
Lismore, and also convened
gether agreat number cows, and having driven them onward with great shouts, and piercing them with their weapons, the affrighted and wounded cattle ran furiously against the approaching troops from Waterford, who were defeated with great loss, and amongst the slain was O'Ryan, prince Idrone. Seventy the princi pal citizens Waterford having been made prisoners the pur suit, their limbs were first broken the English, and they were then cast headlong from the rocks into the sea. this year,
the eve St. Bartholomew, the 23rd August, Richard de Clare, earl Pembroke, commonly called Strongbow, landed
near Waterford, with force about fifteen hundred men, knights, archers, and men-at-arms, and being joined the troops
Raymond Gros, they the next day attacked Waterford,
then governed two Danish princes, Reginald and Smorth,
who defended the city with their Danish forces, aided the Irish, under Malachy O'Felan, prince Desies; the English
were twice repulsed, but length took the city the 25th August. Amongst the prisoners were Reginald and Malachy O’Felan, whom they condemned death, but O’Felan's life was saved through the interference Dermod Mac Murrogh, who
some Irish allies, under Mac Gillpatrick, prince Ossory, fought
great battle defile near Cashel, with the troops Donal O’Brien, king Thomond, which, after great slaughter both
sides, the Irish were length defeated. the same year, ac cording Lanigan, king Henry sent Nicholas, abbot Malms bury, and William Fitz Adelm Ireland, with the Bull Pope Adrian IV. , and the Brief Pope Alexander III. , and meeting
bishops was convened Waterford, where these documents were publicly read, being the first time they were published Ireland, and conferring king Henry the kingdom Ireland.
1185, the 1st April, prince John, earl Morton, son king Henry II. , landed Waterford with fleet sixty ships, and large force archers and cavalry, whom four hundred were knights; was accompanied Ralph Glanville, chief justice England, and by Giraldus Cambrensis, his secre tary and tutor. Several Irish chiefs waited on him Waterford
him homage, but the Norman nobles treated them with
great insolence and derision, pulling their bushy beards and long
hair glibs. These insults and indignities were highly resented by the chiefs, who indignantly departed and roused their country
that day had come from Ferns with his daughter Eva, whom,
according his previous agreement, gave marriage
Strongbow, and day two after the ceremony was performed Lismore, Ardfinnan, Tibrad, and other places Tipperary and
Waterford, and king Dermod conferred his son-in-law the title heir presumptive the kingdom Leinster.
Waterford; and stated the Four Masters, having proceeded plunder Munster, his forces were defeated with great slaughter by the Irish, under Donal O’Brien, and according other ac
1171, king Henry II. , embarking Milford Haven,
landed Croch, now Crook, near Waterford, St. Luke's day,
the 18th October, with fleet, according Littleton and
others, four hundred sail, but other accounts say two hundred
and forty ships; had force consisting four thousand ca
valry men-at-arms, and five hundred knights, and was at cassians, under Donal O'Brien, king Thomond; and again tended Strongbow, William Fitz Adelm, Hugh Lacy,
Humphrey Bohun, and other lords and barons. The day after king Henry's arrival, Dermod Mac Carthy, king Desmond,
1192, the English having marched into Tipperary, and into Tho mond far Killaloe, were defeated with great slaughter by the
waited him Waterford, delivered him the keys the city
Cork and did him homage. Henry, the head his army, force, and soon after proceeded Dublin, and from thence through
marched Lismore, where remained two days and thence
proceeded Cashel, near which, the banks, the Suir,
Donal O'Brien, king Thomond, came meet him, and deliver
ing him the keys the city Linerick, did him homage,
Dermod Mac Carthy had done. Mac Gillpatrick, prince Os Waterford also celebrated the place landing and em sory, O'Felan, prince Desies, and other chiefs, submitted soon
after. From Cashel, Henry returned through Tipperary water ford, and shortly after proceeded Dublin, where remained during the winter, and entertained the Irish kings and princes who had submitted him style great magnificence.
February, 1172, Henry returned Waterford, and held,
barkation other kings England, and account the two expeditions king Richard II. Ireland, the years 1394 and
men make war the English, whom great numbers were slain various engagements. Prince John had castles erected
counts, almost his entire army was cut off various conflicts, consequence which was recalled from Ireland by his father. A. D. 1190, the English forces,under William Marshall, earl Pem
broke, were defeated with great loss near Thurles, by the Dal
Irish, under Donal O'Brien. 1210, the 8th June, king John landed Waterford, with large fleet and powerful
various parts Meath and Ulster. An account his progress Ireland has beengiven note these Annals, the year 1209. After remaining nearly three months, embarked for
England the latter end August.
1399, given note the present number the year 1399. 1689, the second September, king William III. embarked Waterford for England, and being again Ire
land, D. 1690, the siege Limerick, came Waterford,
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198 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1401.
Felim, son of Cathal Oge O'Conor, was taken prisoner by the son of O'Conor Don.
A conference was held between Niall Oge O'Neill
and embarked for England on the 5th of September. In 1690, king James II. , after the battle of the Boyne, on the 2nd of July, arrived at Waterford, from whence he set sail to France.
and Torlogh O'Donnell, at Caoluisge (near Bally
shannon), on which occasion they made peace with each other.
been the chiefs and clans of note. O'Heerin thus describes Cashel in commencing his topography of that territory:
“Our visit to Cashel of the kings,
“Let us henceforth record each hero,
About Cashel's plain of protecting ramparts:
A country of fruitful woods, the chief fortress; We are well acquainted with their history.
“Let us give the lead to the chief territory,
To Cashel of the smooth level plain,
Corca Athrach it was known by name,
And boldly over districts marched its batalions.
“There the lord of the land resides,
At Cashel of the brown-nut plains,
In comfort andjoy he holds his sway, A protector to the country of Cashel. ”
I. O’Donchadha, or O'Donoghoe, chief of Eoganacht of Cashel,
and some of them styled kings of Cashel, oneof whom is mentioned
in the annals of the Four Masters at the year 1038, as king pre sumptive of Cashel. These O'Donoghoes were of the Eugenian
race, and of the same descent as the Mac Carthys, kings of Des mond, and are thus designated by O'Heerin:
“Eoganacht of Cashel, it is the plain of Kian, O'Donoghoe is its lineal inheritor,
Its name in other times was Feimin,
Extending to the border of the brown-nut plain. ”
The ancient kings of Cashel or Munster, of the Eugenian race, were inaugurated on the Rock of Cashel, and those of the Dalcas sian race, or O'Briens, kings of Thomond, had their place of inau guration at Magh Adhair, situated in the townland of Toonagh, parish of Cloney, barony of Upper Tulla, in the county of Clare. II. O’Cearbhail, or O'Carroll, prince of Ely, who was the head of
the Clan Kian race, as the Mac Carthys were of the Eugenians, and the O'Briens of the Dalcassians. The territory of Ely, in Irish Eile, got its name from Eile, one of its kings in the fifth cen tury, and from being possessedby the O'Carrolls, was called Ely O'Carroll. It comprised the present barony of Lower Ormond, in
the county of Tipperary, with the barony of Clonlisk and part of Ballybrit, in the King's county, extending to Slieve Bloom Moun
tains, on the borders of the Queen's county. The part of Ely in the King's county belonged to the ancient province of Munster.
The O'Carrolls are thus designated by O'Heerin, who states that they ruled over eight subordinate chiefs:
“Lords to whom great men submit
Are the O'Carrolls of the plain of Birr ;
Princes of Ely as far as the lofty Slieve Bloom, The most hospitable land in Erin.
“Eight districts and eight chiefs are ruled
By the prince of Ely of the land of herds; Valiant in enforcing their tributes
Are the troops of the yellow-ringletted hair. ”
The O'Carrolls had their chief castle at Birr, now Parsonstown, in the King’s county, and many valiant chiefs of them are mentioned
in the course of these Annals. As princes and lords of Ely, they were very powerful from the twelfth to the sixteenth century, and many of them are mentioned in Lodge's Peerage, as connected by marriage alliances with the greatest families in Munster, as the O'Briens, earls of Thomond, the Fitzgeralds, earls of Desmond,
Amongst the ancient notices of Waterford, it may be mentioned, that A. D. 1497, in consequenceof the loyalty of the citizens of Waterford, against the mock princes and pretenders to the crown of England, namely, Lambert Simnel, and Perkin Warbeck, king
practised deeds, no evil
Henry VII. , granted, with other honours to the city, the motto Intacta manet Waterfordia, hence it is designated Urbs in tacta ; and in 1536, king Henry VIII. , sent by sir William Wyse to the citizens of Waterford a gilt sword, to be always bornebe fore the mayors, in remembrance of their renowned fidelity.
And the race of Corc who
The history of their tribes we shall unfold, Together with their sages and people.
Irish Chiefs and Clans of Ormond and Desies. —The following accounts of the chiefs and clans of Ormond and Desies, and the territories possessed by each in ancient and modern times, have been collected from the various works quoted at the commence ment of this article. In Desies the following were the chiefs and clans: I. O'Faolain, or O'Felan. The O'Felans were styled princes of Desies, and their descent from the Desians of Meath, a branch of the Heremonians, has been already given in the preceding part of this article. Many of the O'Felans, princes of Desies, are men tioned in the Four Masters and Annals of Innisfallen, from the eleventh to the thirteenth century. Malachy O'Felan was prince of Desies at the period of the Anglo-Norman invasion, and soon after they lost their possessionsand rank in the county of Water ford, and their territory was transferred to the Le Poers, and other Anglo-Norman settlers, but there are still several very respectable families of the O’Felans, or Phelans, some of whom have changed the name to Whelan, in the counties of Waterford, Tipperary, Kil kenny and Queen's county. The O’Felans, as princes of Desies, held an extensive territory, comprising the greater part of the pre sent county of Waterford, with part of Tipperary, as explained in the account of Desies at the beginning of this article. II. O’Bric was the other head chief of Desies, and of the same descent as O'Felan, The O'Brics were styled chiefs or lords of South Desies, an extensive territory in the southern part of Waterford, but in early times were expelled from that county by the Eugenians of Desmond. The territory of the O'Brics was also called Iath O'Neachach, as mentioned by O'Brien at the word Iath. The O'Felans and O’Brics are thus designated by O'Heerin:
“Two mild chiefs whom I do not conceal, Rule over the Desies, which I affirm,
O'Bric who enforced all tributes, And also the wise and fair O’Felan.
“In Moylacha of the fertile slopes
Rules O'Felan for the benefit of the tribe, Great is the territory allotted for them, Of which O’Felan took possession.
“Hy Neachach which is delightful, In the south of woody Inis Fail, O'Bric's selection along the waves, From Leac Logha to Liathdrum. ”
III. The O'Briens, a branch of the O'Briens of Thomond, had ex tensive possessions along the Cummeragh mountains, comprising the vallies between Dungarvan and the river Suir, as stated in O'Brien's Dictionary at the word Cumaraic, and are also placed on the Map of Ortelius. IV. The O'Crottys, a branch of the O'Briens, princes of Thomond, as stated in O'Brien's Dictionary at the word Crotach, possessedthe country about Lismore, and there are still many respectable families of the name in the county of Waterford. V. The Magraths were old and respectable families in the county of Waterford. There are several respectableancient Irish families of the O'Sheas, O'Ronaynes, O'Helys, O'Callaghans,
O'Coghlans, O'Mearas, &c. in the county of Waterford.
In Ormond, or the county of Tipperary, the following have and the Butlers, earls of Ormond. Some of these O'Carrolls were
o
Shortly after a contest arose between O'Donnell and Bryan, son of Henry O’Neill, for Bryan led a
distinguished officers in the service of Spain, and in modern times there are many very respectable families of the name in Tipperary and the King's county. III. O’Ceinneide, O'Cineide, or O'Ken nedy. The O'Kennedys are given by O'Heerin as chiefs of Gleann Omra, and several of them are mentioned in the Four Masters as lords of Ormond. They were of the Dalcassian race, and posses sed the barony of Upper Ormond, in the county of Tipperary, and, as lords of Ormond, were very powerful chiefs, and held their rank
force into Tirconnell, and attacked the fortress of O’Donnell, and slew the son of Niall Oge, son of
“The forest of Hy Rongally of the level plain Is possessed by the hospitable O'Shanahan,
The entire country about Evlinne
Is like the smooth plain of Maonmoy. ”
The O'Shanahans, in modern times, possessed the lands of Rath moyne, between Cashel and Templemore, and there are still several respectable families of the name in the counties of Tipperary, Limerick, and Waterford. One of the chief representatives of this ancient family is E. N. Shannon, Esq. , a literary gentleman, residing near Dublin. VII. O’Duibhraic, chief of Tuath Congaile or Dun Braine, is thus mentionedby O'Heerin:—
“The Clan Duibhraic of Dun Braine,
Chiefs of the country of Hy Congaile,
Their fortresses are about the beauteous Boruma, A tribe remarkable for their golden tresses. ”
VIII. O’Duibhibhir, O’Duibhir, or O'Dwyer, is given by O'Heerin as chief of Hy Aimhrith, or Aimrit, and thus designated:—
“Hy Aimrit, the land of hospitality, Is inherited by the tribe of O'Dwyer;
Above all others they obtained the country, They are the chief support at each battle ford. ”
The O'Dwyers were a branch of the Heremonians of Leinster, and chiefs of note in ancient times; they possessed an extensive territory in the present baronies of Kilnamanach, county of Tip
perary, and there are still several respectable families of the name in that county. Some of the O'Dwyers were commanders in the Irish brigade in the service of France. General O'Dwyer is men tioned by Mac Geoghegan as governor of Belgrade, and there was an admiral O'Dwyer in the Russian service. IX. O'Deagha or O'Dea, and O'Hoiliolla, aregiven by O'Heerin as chiefs of Sliabh
from the twelfth to the sixteenth century. thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
The O'Kennedys are
“O'Kennedy, who reddens his spears,
Rules over the smooth, extensive Glen Omra,
By his tribe is possessedthe brown plains gained by valour;
He obtained the land without opposition. ”
IV. O'Toirdhealbhaidh, or, as it is written in the Books of Leacan
and Ballymote, O'Urthaile, anglicised to O'Hurley. The O'Hur
leys are of the Dalcassian race, and are stated in O'Flaherty's Ogygia to be of the tribe of Hy Bloid, who possessedthe territory
called Triocha Hy Bloid, which comprised a great part of the ba ronies of Lower Ormond and Owney, in Tipperary; this tribe was also designated Clan Tail, a term which was applied to the Dalcas sians. The O'Hurleys are thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“The territory of Hy Bloid of the silken standards, The chiefs of conflicts, the leaders of the battle hosts, The tribe of Clan Tail as far as the limpid streams, Along the extensive plain of the yews.
“O'Hurley of the tribe of Tail, Near to Killaloe of St. Flannan;
Delightful are its woods and productive its plains, From thence westward to the Shannon. ”
A branch of the O'Hurleys also settled in Limerick, in the barony of Owneybeg, where they are placed on the Map of Or telius, and they also had the parish of Knocklong, in the barony of Coshlea, county of Limerick, where the ruins of their chief castle still remain. Other branches of the O'Hurleys were settled in Galway, and had large possessionsin the baronies of Kilconnell, Killian, and Bally more, of which family were sir William and sir John Hurley, baronets. Of the O'Hurleys of Limerick was Dermod O'Hurley, a celebrated archbishop of Cashel, in the reign of Elizabeth. There are several respectable families of the name in the counties of Tipperary, Limerick, and Kerry. V. O' Eichtigearn, chief of Hy Cearnaidh, is thus men tionedby O'Heerin:—
“Over Hy Cearny of the valiant forces
Rules O'Eichtigearn of the land of tribes,
A joyful country is that of the upright man,
As far as the hospitable port of the Shannon. ”
VI. O'Seanchain or O'Shanahan, by some rendered to Shannon, by others erroneously anglicised Fox, from Siomach, which in Irish signifiesa fox, thus confounding them with the Sionach or Fox, lord of Teffia, in Westmeath. The O'Shanahans of Munster were descendedfrom Lorcan, king of Munster, and grandfather of Brian Boru ; hence they are a branch of the Dalcassians. They were in ancient times powerful chiefs, and in the great battle of Moin Mor, in Desmond, fought A. D. 1151, and of which an ac Count has beengiven in the note on Thomond, it is stated in the Four Masters, that amongst others, seven chiefs of the O’Shana hans were slain in that battle. The O'Shanahans were chiefs of th territory called Feadha Hy Rongaile, or the Woods of Hy
Rongaile, comprising the country about Eibhline, and as Slieve
Eibhline is stated in the old writers to be near Cashel, this terri
tory appearsto have been situated either in the barony of Mid
Ardach, now the barony of Slieveardagh, mentionedin the topographical poem:—
“Slieve Ardagh of the fair lands O'Dea inherits as his estate,
in Tipperary,
and thus
*hird, or of Eliogarty. The O'Shanahans are thus mentioned by O'Heerin:—
REIGN OF HENRY IV. 199
A host of the tribe from the head of the plain, And also O'Hoilioll from Binn Bracain. ”
X. O'Carthaidh or O'Carthy, chief of Muiscridh Iarthar Feimin,
is thus mentionedby O'Heerin
“The portion of O'Carthy by right
Is Muscry-Iarhar-Feimin,
Rath-na-m Brandubh is now its name, A designation generally known. ”
This territory, according to O'Halloran, was situated near Emly, in Tipperary. XI. O’Mearaidhe, or O'Meara, chief of Hy Fathaidh, Hy Niall, and Hy Eochaidh Finn. According to O'Brien, at the word Fiarach, the O’Mearas were chiefs of Hy Fiarach, called also Tuaim-ui-Mheara, in Tipperary. The O'Mearas had an extensive territory in the barony of Upper Or mond, county of Tipperary, and the name of their chief residence Tuaim-ui-Meara, is still retained in the town of Toomavara, in that district. They are thus designated by O'Heerin:—
“O’Meara, who is a goodly prince,
The chief of Hy Fahy, obtained extensive lands, And the Hy Nialls of the race of Eogan the Fair, All the lions whom I enumerate. ”
There are still several respectable families of the O'Mearas in Tipperary and Queen's county. XII. O’Meachair or O'Meaghar, by some rendered Maher, chief of Crioch-ui-Cairin, is thus men tioned by O'Heerin:—
“Powerfully they have peopled the country, The O'Meaghers of the land of Hy Kerrin, A tribe who inhabited Bearnan Eile,
Itis not improper to extol their fame. ”
:-
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200 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1401.
Niall Garv, son of Hugh, son of Donal Oge, and Malachy, the son of Flaherty O’Rourke, with many
The O'Meaghers were in ancient times powerful chiefs, and had the territory now forming the barony of Ikerrin, in the county of
others. O'Donnell with his sons, and the Muintir Duirnin, pursued Bryan on the same day, and
These O'Sullivans were a branch of the O'Sullivans, princes of Beara, in the county of Cork, of whom an account has been given in the note on Desmond, and the territory they possessedin Tippe rary, called the Eoganacht of Knock Graffan, was situated in the harony of Middlethird, between Cashel and Cahir, and name
Tipperary, and the place mentioned in the above verses as Bear
nan Eile is now called the Devil's Bit Mountain, in the parish of
Barnanely. There are very respectable families of the O’Meaghers
in the counties of Tipperary, Kilkenny, and Carlow. XIII. still retained the parish Knockgraffan, where the O'Sulli O'Flanagain or O'Flanagans, chiefs of Uachtar Tire, and of Kinel
Arga, are thus mentioned by O'Heerin:— “O'Flanagan obtained the country
Of Uachtar Tire, a rich and fertile land, Which always yields the choicest produce,
The plain is clad with a matchless verdant mantle.
“O'Flanagan of the mighty hand
Is chief of the entire of Kinel Arga,
He is of the race of Teige, the son of Kian the Sage, Of the noble hospitable stock of Oilioll. ”
vans had their principal seat, and which ancient mound moat, near the river Suir, which was early times residence the kings Munster; and Fiacha Muilleathan, celebrated
king Munster the third century, had his chieffortress that place. XIX. O’Fogarta, O’Fogarty, given O'Heerin
It appears from O'Brien, at the word Flanagan, that there were
two chiefs of these O'Flanagans, one of Kinel Arga, a district in
Ely O'Carroll, in the King's county, and the other of Uachtar
Tire, or the upper country, in the barony of Iffa and Offa, on the
borders of Tipperary and Waterford. XIV. O’Breislein or O’Bres
len, chief of Hy Athaidh Eile, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin:— O’Cullen, Collins, chief Eoganacht Aradh O'Caoilidhe
“Hy Athy of Ely, as far as the shore,
It was obtained by the force of battle, A fierce chief and brave in conflict
Is O'Breslen of the well-proportioned limbs. ”
This territory appears to have beena part of Ely O'Carroll, situ ated near the Shannon, and these O’Breslems were probably a
branch of the O’Breslens of Donegal, who were Brehons to the O'Donnells, princes of Tirconnell, and to the Mac Guires, princes of Fermanagh. XV. O'Cein, probably O'Kean, chief of Hy Fodh ladha, a district supposed to be on the borders of Tipperary and Waterford, is thus mentionedby O'Heerin:—
“Hy Foladha it is our duty to record, We treat of its blooming forest,
O'Kean from Machuin Meadhaidh, His fame shall spread over tribes. ”
XVI. O’Donnagain, or O'Donnegan, is given by O'Heerin as high prince of Aradh, and thus designated:–
“The high prince of Ara, who rules over the tribes, Is O'Donnegan of the hospitable countenance, The country has yielded plenty of produce,
To the prince of Ara in great abundance. ”
The O'Donnegans were of the race of the Clanna Deaga or Ear
nans of Ulster, and according to the Annals of Inisfallen, and
O'Brien at the word Muiscrith, were princes of Muiscrith Tire, now
Lower Ormond, in Tipperary; and, according to O'Halloran, had
Aradh Cliach, in Tipperary, now the barony of Owney and
Arra, as mentioned in the foregoing verse XVII. O’Donnga laidh, probably O'Donnelly or O'Dongally; and O'Fuirig, pro
bably O'Furrey, are also given by O'Heerin as chiefs of Muis crith Tire, and thus designated:—
“Over Muscry Tire of hospitality,
Rule two of the most noble chiefs, O'Dongally and also O'Fuirig,
They are of Ormond of the smooth fertile plain. ”
XVIII. O'Sulleabhain, or O'Suillivan, is given by O'Heerin as chief of Eoganacht Mor of Cnoc Raffan, and thus designated:—
“O'Sullivan, who delighted not in violence, Ruled over the great Eoganacht of Munster; About Knockraffan he obtained his lands, After the victory of conflicts and battles. ”
O'Keely, chief Aolmuighe, are thus mentioned
“O’Cullen who maintained good fame
Over the hospitable Eoganacht Ara; Over the land the fair Aolmoy,
Rules the powerful and hospitable O'Keely. ”
O'Heerin:
chief
Ele Deisceart
“South Ely Its clans are
south Ely, and thus designated:—
established tributes,
the race Eochy Baldearg,
affluence abounding hazel woods,
country
the land which O’Fogarty obtained. ”
The O’Fogartys were chiefs Eile-ui-Fhogartaidh, now the
barony
Thurles;
Ely,
the Q'Fogartys the county Tipperary. XX. O'Cuillein,
Eliogarty, Tipperary, and had their chief seats about was called South Ely, distinguish from North
Ely O'Carroll. There are several respectable families
The districts these chiefs appear have been the barony Owney and Arra, Tipperary. XXI. O’Duinechair, name anglicised O'Dinnahane and O'Dinan, given O'Heerin
chief Eoganacht Uaithne Ageamar, and thus designated:—
“Owney Agamar, green are
The Eoganacht the land
Delightful are the borders
Tipperary, according O'Brien and O'Halloran, afterwards
possessed Owney Tipperary, and Owneybeg Limerick, and
are placed there the Map Ortelius. These O'Ryans were clan note, branch the O'Ryans, princes Hy Drone,
Carlow, and there are several very respectable families the name
XXIV.
Mac Ceoch Mac Keogh, chief Uaithne Tire, thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
The hereditary right
the extensive plain, the clan Dinnahane. ”
the counties Tipperary, Carlow, and Kilkenny. O'Meargdha O'Meargain, chief Eoganacht Rus Airgid, thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“To O'Meargain belongs the land The fair Eoganacht Ross Argid,
portion,
lord peace and vulture war, Resides near the great Carn Mughaine. ”
“Over Owney Tire
rich produce,
his chosen place,
Dwell that wood opposite the foreigners. ”
This territory was situated ancient Owney, which comprised the present baronies Owney and Arra Tipperary, and Owney beg Limerick. The O'Loingsys, O'Lynches, tribe mentioned the foregoing verse, dwelling here opposite the foreigners, which
means that they were the neighbourhood the Danes, who pos
Rules Mac Keogh
The O'Loingsys, men lands,
hills, Cathbaidh;
O'Brien the word Uaithne, com Tipperary and Limerick, now the ba
This territory, according
prised part the counties
ronies Owney and Owneybeg. XXII. The O'Ryans, O'Mulrians
XXIII.
o
in as
or
of of of to ofto
or
in
in of as of of
or
ofor is
or in
of
of
of
a
in in an
of in in
of onin in
in
in
A in
of
or of in
it of in
It A
of of of
of is is
or by by a
a
or oraoftoof isof
of
as aof of of
or
of
of of its
to
to
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in
at
in of of isin
of as in
of a is is
of
; it bya
at its
in ina of of
as
of
of
ofof
REIGN OF HENRY IV. 201
overtook him while carrying away the property of engagement ensued between O’Donnell and Bryan Henry O'Gormley, whom he had slain; a fierce O'Neill, in which Bryan and many others were
sessed Limerick. XXV. O'Iffernan, or O'Heffernain, and O'Catha rary and Limerick. XXXII. O’Banain or O'Bannan, chief of Hy
lain, probably O'Callan, were chiefs of Uaithne Cliach, and are thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“Owney Cliach of the fair bright sun Is an estate to the O'Heffernans,
A clear plain by the side of each hill, Mildly O'Callan enjoyed the land. ”
This territory was situated in the barony of Owney and Arra, county of Tipperary, and these O'Heffernans were a branch of the O'Heffernans of Clare, of whom an account has been given in the note on Thomond. XXVI. Mac Longachain, probably Long, or Longan, chief of Crota Cliach, and of Hy Cuanach, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“A territory was obtained about Crota Cliach, By Mac Longahan the grey-haired chief;
He is lord there of the hosting plain, Hy Coonagh of the fair fertile lands. ”
in the poem as follows:—
“Of the same tribe who possessedthis land
Are the O'Dwyers of the fair teeth,
The plain of the seventh division and fine fortress Is justly possessedby the free tribe. ”
Dechi, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“Hy Dechi, the fine district of hills,
The extensive land of fair fortresses,
A fruitful country which they inherit, Is the estate of the tribe of O'Bannan. ”
Hy Dechi, the territory of the O'Bannans, appears to have been situated in the north of Tipperary, and there are still many respec table families of the name. XXXIII. O’Ailche, chief of Tuatha Faralt, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“Tuatha Faralt of the clear woods, That is the territory of O'Ailche;
A plain of fair fortresses and a numerous tribe, Like the lands of the shallow rivers of Tailtean. ”
XXXIV. O'Cathail or O'Cahil, chief of Corca Tine, is thus men tioned by O'Heerin:
“Corca Tiny the blooming is profitable,
This territory was situated partly in the barony of Owney and
Arra, in Tipperary, and partly in the barony of Coonagh, county of
Linerick. The O'Dwyers, of whom an account has been given in
this article as chiefs of Kilnamanagh, in Tipperary, were also lo The district of the O'Cahils appears to have been situated on the cated on the same territory as O'Longachan, and are mentioned
XXVII. The O'Lonargans are given by O'Brien at the word
Lonargan, as the ancient chiefs and proprietors of Cahir, and the
adjoining districts in Tipperary, till the fourteenth century, when
they were dispossessedby the Butlers, earls of Ormond. The
Q'Lonargans were in ancient times a powerful clan, and three of
them are mentioned in Ware, in the twelfth and thirteenth centu
Ties, as archbishops of Cashel. XXVIII. The Mac-I-Briens, a Egans, in the barony of Arra, were hereditary Brehons of Ormond; branch of the O'Briens of Thomond, descendedfrom Brian Roe
Q'Brien, king of Thomond, had large possessionsin the barony of Owney and Arra, in Tipperary, and in the barony of Coonagh, county of Limerick. They were styled Mac-I-Briens, lords of Ara and Coonagh, and several of them are mentioned in the course of these Annals. XXIX. Mac Corcrain, or Mac Corcoran, chief of Clan Ruainne, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“Clan Rooney of the flowery avenues,
A delightful fair land of small streams;
Mac Corcoran from the populous country,
From the borders inhabited by fair-haired heroes. ”
xxx. O'Haodhagain or O'Hogan, chief of Crioch Cein, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“O’Hogan of Crioch Kian rules over
Clan Ionmainen of the fair country, * A district which fertilized each land
With honey-dew on all its blossoms. ”
The O'Hogans are placed on the Map of Ortelius about Lower Or in Tipperary. XXXI. MacGiollaphoil, or Mac Gillfoyle,
*ief of Clan'Condiegain, is thus mentioned by otheerin:
** A chief for whom the mut-trees produce fair fruit
Rules over Clan Quinlevan of immensewealth; The scion of Biorra of the warlike tribe
and the O’Cullenans, or Mac Cullenans, were hereditary phy sicians, and manyof themvery learned menin Ormond. XXXVIII. The O'Scullys, O'Hanraghans, O'Lanigans, and Magraths, were also clans of note in Tipperary; and the O'Honeens, who anglicised the name to Green, were numerous in Tipperary and Clare.
Ormond and Desies were formed into the counties of Tipperary and Waterford, A. D. 1210, in the reign of king John. Waterford was called by the ancient Irish Cuan-na-Grioth, signifying the harbour of the sun, and afterwards Gleann-na-n Cleodh, or the valley of lamentation, from a great battle fought there between the Irish and Danes, in the tenth century; it was also called Port Lairge, signifying the Port of the Thigh, from the river Suir and harbour resembling that part of the human body. By the Danes it was called Vader-Fiord, or Vedra-Fiord, as men tioned in the preceding part of this article, in the poem quoted on the death of the Danish king, Regnar Lodbrog. In this poem, which will be found in full in Blair's Dissertations, pre fixed to Ossian's poems by Macpherson, and translated into
Latin by the Danish historian, Olaus Wormius, Waterford is called VedrapSinus; the word Fiord, in the Danish, signifies a ford or haven, and Vader, as given in Wolff's Danish Dictionary, means to
Is Mac Gilfoyle of the fair fortress. ”
ford or wade a river, therefore Vader Fiord may signify the ford able part of the haven; or perhaps according to Ryland, in his History of Waterford, it got its name from Vader, a Scan dinavian deity, to whom the ford or haven was made sacred; or according to others, the haven was dedicated to Odin, the chief deity of the Scandinavians, whom they called Vader, signifying Father. Tipperary Irish, Tiobradarainn, signifying, accord ing O'Brien,
*Mac Gillfoyles appear to have been located on the borders of PPorory and King's county, and the O'Quinlevans, some of whom have changed the name to Quinlan, are numerous in Tippe
Arain, and called from the adjoin ing territory Arainn. Tipperary one the largest and finest counties Ireland, with extensive plains, and valleys unbounded
About Drumsaileach of blue streams, O'Cahill above all others obtained An inheritance at Achaidh Iubhair. ”
borders of Tipperary and Kilkenny, and the name is still numerous in Kilkenny and Carlow. XXXV. The O'Dineartaighs and O'Aimriths are mentioned as clans by O'Heerin, and appear to have been located on the borders of Tipperary and Kilkenny. XXXVI. O'Spealain, or O'Spillan, chief of Hy Luighdeach, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“The chief of Hy Luighdeach of ancient swords
Is O'Spillan of the bright spurs;
Mighty is the march of the warrior's battalions, Increasing as they proceed along the plains of Macha. ”
The territory of the O'Spillans appears to have been situated on the borders of Tipperary and Kilkenny. XXXVII. The Mac
the well
2 D
so of
to in
of
of
is
of
is, in
202 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1401.
slain, and his party defeated, leaving behind them nell returned home with immense booty, after a the plundered property of Kinel Maoin ; O'Don triumphant victory.
fertility. The Galtees, Slievenaman, the Keeper, Devil's Bit, and other magnificent mountains, and the expansion of the mighty Shannon, called Lough Dearg, extending on one side for a distance of more than twenty miles, like a great inland sea, in some places five or six miles broad, present varied scenery of great grandeur and beauty; and the scenery along the river Suir is also ex tremely beautiful. In Tipperary are valuable coal and iron mines, and extensive slate quarries. In Waterford the Cummeraghs and other mountains, and the course of the rivers Suir, Bride, and Blackwater, with the junction of the Suir, Nore, and Barrow, present much interesting and beautiful scenery; and this county contains, at Bonmahon and other places, very valuable mines of copper, iron, lead, and also of silver ore. Affane, in Waterford, is famous for cherries, first planted there by Sir Walter Raleigh, who brought them from the Canary Islands. In both counties are extensive ruins and remains of castles, abbeys, and other in teresting antiquities too numerous to be here mentioned.
Anglo-Norman and English families in Tipperary and Water ford. —A. D. 1177, king Henry II. gave a grant of Desies, or the entire county of Waterford, together with the city, to Robert le
Poer, who was his marshal. The le Poers were, at various periods from the thirteenth to the seventeenth century, created barons of Donisle and of Curraghmore, viscounts of Decies, and earls of Tyrone. The le Poers became very numerous in the county of Waterford, and many of them changed the name to Power, and they possessed the greater part of the baronies of Decies and Upperthird, and their territory was called Power's country, and there are many highly respectable families of the name in the counties of Waterford and Kilkenny. The Fitzgeralds, earls of Desmond, of whom an account has been given in the note on Des mond, had extensive possessions and numerous castles in the county of Waterford, in the baronies of Coshmore and Coshbride, and had also the title of barons of Decies. In the reign of Henry VI. , A. D. 1447, the celebrated warrior, sir John Talbot, earl of Shrewsbury, lord lieutenant of Ireland, got grants in Waterford, together with the castle and land, of Dungarvan, and the title of earl of Waterford, and viscount of Dungarvan. The family of Williers, earls of Jersey, in England, got, in the seventeenth and
eighteenth centuries, large possessions in Waterford, by intermar riage with the Fitzgeralds of Dromana, a branch of the earls of Desmond, and were created earls of Grandison. The chief families of English descent settled in Waterford were the following:—The Aylwards, Anthonys, Allans, Alcocks, Butlers, Browns, Barkers, Boltons, Birds, Barrons, Burkes, Baggs, Boats, Boyds, Creaghs, Carrs, Corrs, Comerfords, Crokers, Cooks, Christmases, D'Altons, Dobbyns, Disneys, Drews, Ducketts, Everards, Fitzgeralds, Greens, Gambles, Goughs, Grants, Hales, Jacksons, Kings, Keys, Lom bards, Leas, Leonards, Mandevilles, Morgans, Morrises,(Madans, and Mulgans, probably the Irish namesof O'Madden and O'Mulligan), Newports, Nugents, Osbornes,Odells, Powers, Prendergasts, Roch forts, Roches, Rices, Sherlocks, Strongs, Tobins, Ushers, Walls, Walshes, Waddings, Wyses, Woodlocks, Whites, &c. The early English families principally possessed the territory called from them Gal-tir, signifying the country of the foreigners, now the ba rony of Gaultiere. The Walshes, called by the Irish Brannaghs, or Breathnachs, signifying Britons or Welshmen, as they origi nally came from Wales, are still very numerous, and many re spectable families of them in the counties of Waterford and Kilkenny.
of Butler. The Butlers became very numerous and powerful in Ireland, and acquired very extensive possessions in Tipperary, Kilkenny, Waterford, Wicklow, Carlow, Queen's county, Dublin, Kildare, Meath, Limerick, and Galway. In the reign of Edward III. Tipperary was formed into the County Palatine of Ormond, under theButlers. TheButlers thusbecomingsopowerful,different branches of them furnished many of the most distinguished families in Ireland, and a great number of them, from the thirteenth to the eighteenth century, held the offices of lords justices, lords deputies, and lords lieutenant of Ireland, and different branches of them fur mished numerous noble families, being created at various periods earls, marquesses, and dukes of Ormond, earls of Ossory, earls of Carrick, earls of Kilkenny, earls of Gowran, earls of Glengall, and earls of Arran ; viscounts of Clonmore, of Ikerrin, of Thurles, of Mountgarrett, and of Galmoy ; and barons of Cahir, of Cloughgrennan, of Tullyophelim, of Arklow, of Aughrim, of Kells, and of Dunboyne.
Nobility. —The following have been the noble families in Tippe rary and Waterford from the reign of King John to the present time: In Waterford, the Le Poers, barons of Domisle and of Curraghmore, viscounts of Decies, and earls of Tyrone. The Be resfords, by intermarriage with the Le Poers, became earls of Tyrone, marquesses of Waterford, and barons of Decies. The Fitzgeralds, barons of Decies and earls of Desmond; the Talbots, earls of Shrewsbury, in England, and earls of Waterford and Wex ford in Ireland; the family of Williers, earls of Jersey in England, and earls of Grandison in Ireland ; the Scottish family of Maule, earls of Panmure, have the title of barons Maule and earls of Pan mure in Waterford and Wexford; the family of Lumley Saunder son, earls of Scarborough in England, are viscounts of Waterford; the Boyles, earls of Cork, and viscounts of Dungarvan; the O'Briens, earls of Clare in the reign of James II. , had also the title of viscounts of Lismore ; the O'Callaghans are viscounts of Lis more in Waterford, but resident in Tipperary; the St. Legers, ba rons of Kilmeaden; the Williers Stuarts, barons of Decies, and the Keanes, barons Keane of Cappoquin. In Tipperary. —The Dukes of Cambridge in the Royal family, have the title of earls of Tipperary. The Butlers, of whom an account has beengiven above, were earls, marquesses, and dukes of Ormond, and also had the following titles in Tipperary: earls of Carrick, earls of Glengall, viscounts of Thurles, viscounts of Ikerrin, and barons of Cahir. The Mac Carthys were earls of Mountcashel; afterwards the Davises, and in modern times the Moores, are earls of Mountcashel; the Bulk leys, viscounts of Cashel; the Scotts, earls of Clonmel ; the Hely
Hutchinsons, earls of Donoughmore; the Kings, earls of Kingston;
the Yelvertons, viscounts of Avonmore; the Maudes, viscounts
Hawarden; the family of Fairfax are viscounts of Emly ; the Car letons, barons Carleton; the Pritties, barons of Dunally; and the Bloomfields, barons Bloomfield.
Ecclesiastical Divisions. —The following accounts of bishops' sees in Tipperary and Waterford have been collected from Ware, Colgan, Lanigan, Archdall, Beaufort, and other sources:
The See of Ardmore, in Waterford was founded, in the fifth century, by the celebrated St. Declan, who was of the tribe of the Desians, and having studied at Rome, becamehighly distinguished
for learning and sanctity. Ardmore was united to the see of Lis more in the latter end of the twelfth century.
The Seeof Lismore, in Waterford, was founded in the begin ning of the seventh century by St. Carthach, who was also called Mochuda. The seeof Ardmore having been annexed to Lismore as above stated, in the twelfth century, both were annexed to the see of Waterford in the fourteenth century, A. D. 1363, by Pope Urban W.
The See of Waterford was founded by the Danes of that city, in the latter end of the eleventh century; and Malchus, a Dane, who was a Benedictine monk of Winchester, was appointed first bishop,
terbury.
bishops
King Henry II. , or according to others, Henry III. , gave a grant of Ormond to Otho de Grandison, an Anglo-Norman lord, but the family of Butler became the chief possessors of Tipperary. The
ancestor of the Butlers came from Normandy to England, with
William the Conqueror, and got extensive possessionsin Norfolk,
Suffolk, and Lancaster. Their original name was Fitz-Walter,
from Walter, one of their ancestors, and Theobald Fitz-Walter
came to Ireland with king Henry II. , and got large grants of
lands, and had the office of chief Butler of Ireland conferred on
him, the duty attached to which was, to attend at the coronation of
the kings of England, and present them with the first cup of wine;
from the office of the Butlership of Ireland they took the name saint the diocese Otteran, Odran.
1096, and consecrated Anselm, archbishop Can The bishops Waterford were styled the old writers Port Lairge, the ancient name that city. The patron
of
D.
of
A.
is
of
or
by
of
by
of its
Cormac Mac Braman, chief of Corcachlan, was treacherously slain by his own kinsmen, namely, Conor, son of John Mac Branan, and others.
Donal, son of Henry O’Neill, was released from the English.
The Diocese of Lismore comprises the greater part of the county of Waterford, and part of Tipperary; and the Diocese of Waterford comprises the city of Waterford, with a portion of the
county.
Roscrea, in Tipperary, was an ancient bishop's see, founded by
A. D. 1402.
venue, which was payable to the see of Armagh. This place was long eminent as a seat of learning and religion, but was destroyed by the Danes in the tenth century.
his return Italy, stopped some time Tarentum, Naples, and, from his eminent virtues, was elected bishop Tarentum, and presided over that see many years; died there, and his me mory still held great veneration the patron saint Taren tum. While Cathaldus was lecturer the college Lismore was attended vast number students from all parts Europe, Gauls Franks, Teutones Germans, Bohemians, Ba tavians, Belgians, Helvetians, Britons, and even persons from Thule, the Orkney Islands. Bartholomew Moroni, learned
gan, and Bonaventure Moroni, his brother, composed laudatory poem Cathaldus, which given Archbishop Ussher's work the British Churches, and from which are taken the following
passages:–
“Oceani divum Hesperii Phoebique cadentis, Immortale decus, nulli pietate secundum, Prisca Phalantaei celebrant quemjure Senatus, Externisque dolet mitti glacialis Iberne,
**ted
oendowed. A. 1172, great synod
*ned
Henry II. . which Christian the
he
of Piocese
new church
cathedral Cashel, which
Cashel,
*Qoonarchy, bishop Lismore, presided Pope's legate;
and king
acknowledged that assembly.
mulceat ore diserto.
Henry's claim
king
the sovereignty Ireland was There are still remaining the Cashel many interesting antiquities, Cormac's chapel, tower, and the magnificent ruins the ancient cathedral. Cashel comprises the greater part the county
Tipperary, with small portions Limerick and Kilkenny; and the archiepiscopal see Cashel has jurisdiction over the ecclesiastical province Munster, under which the following are suftragan sees Ardfert and Aghadoe, Kerry, Cork,
Lismore, from the fame university, became
city, and had less than twenty churches; and
Carthach, quoted Smith, thus mentioned: “Lismore
REIGN OF HENRY IV.
203
St. Cronan, in the latter end of the sixth century, and was in early
times annexed to Killaloe. Tir-da-glas, now the parish of
Terryglass, in the barony of Lower Ormond, county of Tip The College Lismore. —As already stated, the see Lismore perary, had a celebrated monastery, founded by St. Columba was founded St. Carthach, the seventh century, and in the sixth century, and some of its abbots were styled St. Cathal, Cathaldus, native Desies, became his succes
bishops. In A. D. 736, a great synod of bishops and clergy was
held at Tir-da-glas, at which attended Aodh Ollan, monarch of
Ireland, Cathal king of Munster, and other princes, and regulations
were passed for the collection of the dues called St. Patrick's re tity. He afterwards went pilgrimage Jerusalem, and
great contest arose between O’Neill and the sons Henry O’Neill, and the country di
rections was spoiled between them.
Cloyne, Ross, Waterford, Lismore, Emly, Limerick, Killaloe, and Killfenora.
Ancient Literature. —The following account various learned writers, natives Tipperary and Waterford, and the works composed them, have been collected from Ware, Usher, Colgan, bishop Nicholson, O'Reilly's Irish Writers, Lanigan, Bremnan's Ecclesiastical History, and other sources.
sor bishop Lismore, and established seminary there, which became regent chief professor, and was one the most celebrated men Europe that age, for learning and sanc
The See of Emly was founded in the fifth century by the cele brated St. Ailbe, who was called the Patrick of Munster, and pa tron of that province Emly was in ancient times a considerable city, and called Imleach Iubhair, which signifies Emly of the
Yew Trees, and sometimes Imleach Ailbe, or Emly of St. Ailbe. The bishops of Emly were sometimes styled bishops of Munster, as it was in early times the metropolitan see of that province. The see was united to Cashel in the sixteenth century, A. D. 1578. The diocese of Emly is but small, and comprises parts of the coun ties of Tipperary and Limerick.
The See of Cashel was founded in the latter end of the ninth century, by the celebrated Cormac Mac Cullenan, who became archbishop of Cashel, and king of Munster, and died A. D. 908, as already stated in the account of his life given in the preceding Part of this article. The patron saint of the diocese is Albert, a celebrated Irish saint of the seventh century, whom Colgan and Lanigan consider to have been bishop of Emly. Albert was
brother to Erard, another celebrated Irish saint, who was bishop of Ardagh, and afterwards preached the gospel in Bavaria, and died at Ratisbon. Albert likewise becamea missionary in Ger many, and died at Ratisbon: (Lanigan, vol. iii. , p. 111). The archbishops of Cashel were styled by the old Irish writers, bishops of Leath Mogha, and bishops of Munster. According to some accounts, St. Patrick held a synod at Cashel, attended by Ailbe, of Emly, Declan, of Ardmore, and other saints. A. D. 1101, Murtogh O'Brien, king of Munster, according to the Annals of Inisfallen, conveneda great synod, or assembly of bishops, clergy, and nobility at Cashel, in which he assigned over to the see and bishops that hitherto royal seat the kings Munster, which was dedicated God, St. Patrick, and St. Ailbe; and, according
the same annals, 1127, Cormac Mac Carthy erected
St. Cathaldus, given Col native Tarentum, wrote Life -
*church there, called from him, Teampull Chormaic chapel, which the year 1134 was consecrated the bishops, clergy, and nobility Munster, held
Musa refer
Spargitur occiduas sensin vaga fama per urbes, Huic juveni primistantum conatibus omnes Concessisse viros, easien quos edidit aetas, Quantum ignes superat Phoebejam plena minores. Undique conveniunt proceres quos dulcetrahebat Discendi studium, major num cognita virtus
An laudata foret—celeres vastissima Rheni
Jam vada Teutonici, jam deseruere Sicambri, Mittit extremo gelidas Aquilone Boemas
Albis, Arverni coeunt Batavique frequentes,
quicunque colunt alta sub rupe Gebennas, Non omnes prospectat Arar Rodanique fluenta Helvetios—multos desiderat ultima Thule, Certatim properant, diverso tramite urbem Lesmoriam, juvenis primos ubi transigit annos, Mirantur tandem cuncti Quod cognitus heros, Spe major, fama melior, preconia laudum Exuperat, nullumque parem ferat aemula virtus. Cataldus plebi juvenis sat notus Ibernae,
quanta
Quis referat hic edat miracula, quales
Hine abigat pestes, quantorum corda virorum
Purpose. A. D. 1169, Donal o'Brien, king
Cormac's great synod Cashel for Thomond, amply bishops and clergy was
Instruat exemplo, quot
Jam videas populos quos abluit advena Rhenus, Quosque sub occiduo collustrat cardine mundi Phoebus, Lesmoriam venisseutjura docentis Ediscant, titulisque sacrent melioribus aras. ”
Life famous and holy city, half which asylum into which
St.
extensive
of :
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in D. in to
a
on
it
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of its
is a of
a on
a in
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in A. D.
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ad
of
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by of all of onof
of
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at he
in
a
of aofofinof in
to
204 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1402.
Murtogh O'Flanagan, archdeacon of Elphin, the earl of Desmond, and the two Mac Williams
died.
A war arose between the earl of Ormond and
woman dares enter, but it is full of churches and monasteries, and religious men in great numbers abide there, and thither holy men flock together from parts Ireland and from Britain, being desirous move from thence Christ; and the city built upon the banks river, formerly called Nem, but now Avon more, that the great river the territory Nandesi. ” The name Lismore signifies the great fortress, and was ancient times called Magh Sciath, the Plain the Shields, and afterwards' Dun Sginne, the Fortress the Flight, from St. Carthach having fled there for refuge. The city and college Lismore were frequently plundered and burned the Danes the tenth cen tury; and the years 1173-74-78 the city was repeatedly rava ged the English forces under Strongbow and Raymond Gros; and, according Cambrensis, Lismore was great city the time the English invasion, and when taken and plundered Raymond
Gros, the booty was great load sixteen ships, which they transmitted Waterford. The city Lismore, with its college and churches, long renowned seat literature and religion, from these repeated devastations, never recovered its ancient greatness, but fell into such utter decay that very ruins have disappeared, leaving remains former magnificence.
The Book Lismore, large ancient Irish MS. folio, vellum, which was accidentally discovered the castle Lismore, where
went to aid the earl of Ormond.
The Rock of Lough Key was taken by Conor
library Sir William Betham, with full translation into English, made the translator these Annals.
Mac Craith Mac Gowan, called also Mac Craith-na-Sgel, and
some, Thomas Mac Gowan Smith, was, according canon the abbey St. Ruadhan, Lorha Tipperary;
mentioned O'Reilly's Irish Writers, A. 1425;
Irish some works the Irish saints and ecclesiastical history,
which are mentioned by Ware and O'Reilly.
Gotofrid, native Waterford, Dominican monk, was one the most learned men the thirteenth century; travelled the East, and becamehighly skilled the Arabic and other
Oriental languages, and published Paris many historical works, which account may found Ware's Writers.
Keating's History Ireland. Geoffrey Keating, called the
Irish Herodotus, was native Tipperary, and born the parish Tibrid, about the year 1570.
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Tipperary and laid waste the country; out according Masters, and other authorities, Donal O’Brien, king the head the Dalcassians, aided battalions
the Four Thomond, Connaught,
REIGN OF HENRY IV.
taken by the sons of Fergal Mac Dermott, and many persons were slain and drowned about
Ireland, landed the bay Bannow, Bag-an-bun, the county
Wexford, near the bay Waterford, with force about five hundred men, knights and archers, according Hanmer, and
were joined five hundred the picked troops their Irish
ally, Dermod Mac Murrogh. Their combined forces marched to Easter Monday, the 17th April, 1172, set sail for England,
secretary
Raymond
city, joined by the Irish, sallied out attack them, but were dred them, according the Annals Inisfallen. 1175, defeated chiefly stratagem the English, who collected to the English forces, commanded Raymond Gros, joined by
Mac Murrogh. 1170, the 1st May, Gros, and other Anglo-Norman chiefs, landed near
Dundonnel, Dundonalf, according others, Dun Dundrone, the county Wexford, about four miles from Waterford, near the river Suir, with force about one hundred and thirty knights and archers; and being joined other
under king Roderick O'Conor, marched oppose them, and great battle fought Thurles, totally defeated the English forces,
whom seventeen hundred were slain, and the few who sur vived fled dismay with the earl Waterford. After intel Anglo-Normans from Wexford, under Hervey Monte Ma ligence the victory Thurles reached the Irish Waterford, risco, they proceeded attack Waterford. The Danes that they attacked the English garrison that city and slew two hun
the rock doragh
197 care surrendered
and arrived the same day Port Finnain Wales. 1174, Raymond Gros landed Waterford, with large force from Wales, relieve Strongbow, then besieged the Irish that city, and succeeded rescuing him.
The Battle Thurles. —A. 1174, the English forces, joined
by some Danish allies from Dublin, and commanded earl Strongbow, Henry Monte Marisco, and others, marched into
and the guards who were on receiving bribe.
said, council parliament
synod bishops and clergy Cashel, which account may found Lanigan's Ecclesiastical History. King Henry, after remaining Ireland about six months, embarked Wexford on
Lismore, and also convened
gether agreat number cows, and having driven them onward with great shouts, and piercing them with their weapons, the affrighted and wounded cattle ran furiously against the approaching troops from Waterford, who were defeated with great loss, and amongst the slain was O'Ryan, prince Idrone. Seventy the princi pal citizens Waterford having been made prisoners the pur suit, their limbs were first broken the English, and they were then cast headlong from the rocks into the sea. this year,
the eve St. Bartholomew, the 23rd August, Richard de Clare, earl Pembroke, commonly called Strongbow, landed
near Waterford, with force about fifteen hundred men, knights, archers, and men-at-arms, and being joined the troops
Raymond Gros, they the next day attacked Waterford,
then governed two Danish princes, Reginald and Smorth,
who defended the city with their Danish forces, aided the Irish, under Malachy O'Felan, prince Desies; the English
were twice repulsed, but length took the city the 25th August. Amongst the prisoners were Reginald and Malachy O’Felan, whom they condemned death, but O’Felan's life was saved through the interference Dermod Mac Murrogh, who
some Irish allies, under Mac Gillpatrick, prince Ossory, fought
great battle defile near Cashel, with the troops Donal O’Brien, king Thomond, which, after great slaughter both
sides, the Irish were length defeated. the same year, ac cording Lanigan, king Henry sent Nicholas, abbot Malms bury, and William Fitz Adelm Ireland, with the Bull Pope Adrian IV. , and the Brief Pope Alexander III. , and meeting
bishops was convened Waterford, where these documents were publicly read, being the first time they were published Ireland, and conferring king Henry the kingdom Ireland.
1185, the 1st April, prince John, earl Morton, son king Henry II. , landed Waterford with fleet sixty ships, and large force archers and cavalry, whom four hundred were knights; was accompanied Ralph Glanville, chief justice England, and by Giraldus Cambrensis, his secre tary and tutor. Several Irish chiefs waited on him Waterford
him homage, but the Norman nobles treated them with
great insolence and derision, pulling their bushy beards and long
hair glibs. These insults and indignities were highly resented by the chiefs, who indignantly departed and roused their country
that day had come from Ferns with his daughter Eva, whom,
according his previous agreement, gave marriage
Strongbow, and day two after the ceremony was performed Lismore, Ardfinnan, Tibrad, and other places Tipperary and
Waterford, and king Dermod conferred his son-in-law the title heir presumptive the kingdom Leinster.
Waterford; and stated the Four Masters, having proceeded plunder Munster, his forces were defeated with great slaughter by the Irish, under Donal O’Brien, and according other ac
1171, king Henry II. , embarking Milford Haven,
landed Croch, now Crook, near Waterford, St. Luke's day,
the 18th October, with fleet, according Littleton and
others, four hundred sail, but other accounts say two hundred
and forty ships; had force consisting four thousand ca
valry men-at-arms, and five hundred knights, and was at cassians, under Donal O'Brien, king Thomond; and again tended Strongbow, William Fitz Adelm, Hugh Lacy,
Humphrey Bohun, and other lords and barons. The day after king Henry's arrival, Dermod Mac Carthy, king Desmond,
1192, the English having marched into Tipperary, and into Tho mond far Killaloe, were defeated with great slaughter by the
waited him Waterford, delivered him the keys the city
Cork and did him homage. Henry, the head his army, force, and soon after proceeded Dublin, and from thence through
marched Lismore, where remained two days and thence
proceeded Cashel, near which, the banks, the Suir,
Donal O'Brien, king Thomond, came meet him, and deliver
ing him the keys the city Linerick, did him homage,
Dermod Mac Carthy had done. Mac Gillpatrick, prince Os Waterford also celebrated the place landing and em sory, O'Felan, prince Desies, and other chiefs, submitted soon
after. From Cashel, Henry returned through Tipperary water ford, and shortly after proceeded Dublin, where remained during the winter, and entertained the Irish kings and princes who had submitted him style great magnificence.
February, 1172, Henry returned Waterford, and held,
barkation other kings England, and account the two expeditions king Richard II. Ireland, the years 1394 and
men make war the English, whom great numbers were slain various engagements. Prince John had castles erected
counts, almost his entire army was cut off various conflicts, consequence which was recalled from Ireland by his father. A. D. 1190, the English forces,under William Marshall, earl Pem
broke, were defeated with great loss near Thurles, by the Dal
Irish, under Donal O'Brien. 1210, the 8th June, king John landed Waterford, with large fleet and powerful
various parts Meath and Ulster. An account his progress Ireland has beengiven note these Annals, the year 1209. After remaining nearly three months, embarked for
England the latter end August.
1399, given note the present number the year 1399. 1689, the second September, king William III. embarked Waterford for England, and being again Ire
land, D. 1690, the siege Limerick, came Waterford,
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198 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1401.
Felim, son of Cathal Oge O'Conor, was taken prisoner by the son of O'Conor Don.
A conference was held between Niall Oge O'Neill
and embarked for England on the 5th of September. In 1690, king James II. , after the battle of the Boyne, on the 2nd of July, arrived at Waterford, from whence he set sail to France.
and Torlogh O'Donnell, at Caoluisge (near Bally
shannon), on which occasion they made peace with each other.
been the chiefs and clans of note. O'Heerin thus describes Cashel in commencing his topography of that territory:
“Our visit to Cashel of the kings,
“Let us henceforth record each hero,
About Cashel's plain of protecting ramparts:
A country of fruitful woods, the chief fortress; We are well acquainted with their history.
“Let us give the lead to the chief territory,
To Cashel of the smooth level plain,
Corca Athrach it was known by name,
And boldly over districts marched its batalions.
“There the lord of the land resides,
At Cashel of the brown-nut plains,
In comfort andjoy he holds his sway, A protector to the country of Cashel. ”
I. O’Donchadha, or O'Donoghoe, chief of Eoganacht of Cashel,
and some of them styled kings of Cashel, oneof whom is mentioned
in the annals of the Four Masters at the year 1038, as king pre sumptive of Cashel. These O'Donoghoes were of the Eugenian
race, and of the same descent as the Mac Carthys, kings of Des mond, and are thus designated by O'Heerin:
“Eoganacht of Cashel, it is the plain of Kian, O'Donoghoe is its lineal inheritor,
Its name in other times was Feimin,
Extending to the border of the brown-nut plain. ”
The ancient kings of Cashel or Munster, of the Eugenian race, were inaugurated on the Rock of Cashel, and those of the Dalcas sian race, or O'Briens, kings of Thomond, had their place of inau guration at Magh Adhair, situated in the townland of Toonagh, parish of Cloney, barony of Upper Tulla, in the county of Clare. II. O’Cearbhail, or O'Carroll, prince of Ely, who was the head of
the Clan Kian race, as the Mac Carthys were of the Eugenians, and the O'Briens of the Dalcassians. The territory of Ely, in Irish Eile, got its name from Eile, one of its kings in the fifth cen tury, and from being possessedby the O'Carrolls, was called Ely O'Carroll. It comprised the present barony of Lower Ormond, in
the county of Tipperary, with the barony of Clonlisk and part of Ballybrit, in the King's county, extending to Slieve Bloom Moun
tains, on the borders of the Queen's county. The part of Ely in the King's county belonged to the ancient province of Munster.
The O'Carrolls are thus designated by O'Heerin, who states that they ruled over eight subordinate chiefs:
“Lords to whom great men submit
Are the O'Carrolls of the plain of Birr ;
Princes of Ely as far as the lofty Slieve Bloom, The most hospitable land in Erin.
“Eight districts and eight chiefs are ruled
By the prince of Ely of the land of herds; Valiant in enforcing their tributes
Are the troops of the yellow-ringletted hair. ”
The O'Carrolls had their chief castle at Birr, now Parsonstown, in the King’s county, and many valiant chiefs of them are mentioned
in the course of these Annals. As princes and lords of Ely, they were very powerful from the twelfth to the sixteenth century, and many of them are mentioned in Lodge's Peerage, as connected by marriage alliances with the greatest families in Munster, as the O'Briens, earls of Thomond, the Fitzgeralds, earls of Desmond,
Amongst the ancient notices of Waterford, it may be mentioned, that A. D. 1497, in consequenceof the loyalty of the citizens of Waterford, against the mock princes and pretenders to the crown of England, namely, Lambert Simnel, and Perkin Warbeck, king
practised deeds, no evil
Henry VII. , granted, with other honours to the city, the motto Intacta manet Waterfordia, hence it is designated Urbs in tacta ; and in 1536, king Henry VIII. , sent by sir William Wyse to the citizens of Waterford a gilt sword, to be always bornebe fore the mayors, in remembrance of their renowned fidelity.
And the race of Corc who
The history of their tribes we shall unfold, Together with their sages and people.
Irish Chiefs and Clans of Ormond and Desies. —The following accounts of the chiefs and clans of Ormond and Desies, and the territories possessed by each in ancient and modern times, have been collected from the various works quoted at the commence ment of this article. In Desies the following were the chiefs and clans: I. O'Faolain, or O'Felan. The O'Felans were styled princes of Desies, and their descent from the Desians of Meath, a branch of the Heremonians, has been already given in the preceding part of this article. Many of the O'Felans, princes of Desies, are men tioned in the Four Masters and Annals of Innisfallen, from the eleventh to the thirteenth century. Malachy O'Felan was prince of Desies at the period of the Anglo-Norman invasion, and soon after they lost their possessionsand rank in the county of Water ford, and their territory was transferred to the Le Poers, and other Anglo-Norman settlers, but there are still several very respectable families of the O’Felans, or Phelans, some of whom have changed the name to Whelan, in the counties of Waterford, Tipperary, Kil kenny and Queen's county. The O’Felans, as princes of Desies, held an extensive territory, comprising the greater part of the pre sent county of Waterford, with part of Tipperary, as explained in the account of Desies at the beginning of this article. II. O’Bric was the other head chief of Desies, and of the same descent as O'Felan, The O'Brics were styled chiefs or lords of South Desies, an extensive territory in the southern part of Waterford, but in early times were expelled from that county by the Eugenians of Desmond. The territory of the O'Brics was also called Iath O'Neachach, as mentioned by O'Brien at the word Iath. The O'Felans and O’Brics are thus designated by O'Heerin:
“Two mild chiefs whom I do not conceal, Rule over the Desies, which I affirm,
O'Bric who enforced all tributes, And also the wise and fair O’Felan.
“In Moylacha of the fertile slopes
Rules O'Felan for the benefit of the tribe, Great is the territory allotted for them, Of which O’Felan took possession.
“Hy Neachach which is delightful, In the south of woody Inis Fail, O'Bric's selection along the waves, From Leac Logha to Liathdrum. ”
III. The O'Briens, a branch of the O'Briens of Thomond, had ex tensive possessions along the Cummeragh mountains, comprising the vallies between Dungarvan and the river Suir, as stated in O'Brien's Dictionary at the word Cumaraic, and are also placed on the Map of Ortelius. IV. The O'Crottys, a branch of the O'Briens, princes of Thomond, as stated in O'Brien's Dictionary at the word Crotach, possessedthe country about Lismore, and there are still many respectable families of the name in the county of Waterford. V. The Magraths were old and respectable families in the county of Waterford. There are several respectableancient Irish families of the O'Sheas, O'Ronaynes, O'Helys, O'Callaghans,
O'Coghlans, O'Mearas, &c. in the county of Waterford.
In Ormond, or the county of Tipperary, the following have and the Butlers, earls of Ormond. Some of these O'Carrolls were
o
Shortly after a contest arose between O'Donnell and Bryan, son of Henry O’Neill, for Bryan led a
distinguished officers in the service of Spain, and in modern times there are many very respectable families of the name in Tipperary and the King's county. III. O’Ceinneide, O'Cineide, or O'Ken nedy. The O'Kennedys are given by O'Heerin as chiefs of Gleann Omra, and several of them are mentioned in the Four Masters as lords of Ormond. They were of the Dalcassian race, and posses sed the barony of Upper Ormond, in the county of Tipperary, and, as lords of Ormond, were very powerful chiefs, and held their rank
force into Tirconnell, and attacked the fortress of O’Donnell, and slew the son of Niall Oge, son of
“The forest of Hy Rongally of the level plain Is possessed by the hospitable O'Shanahan,
The entire country about Evlinne
Is like the smooth plain of Maonmoy. ”
The O'Shanahans, in modern times, possessed the lands of Rath moyne, between Cashel and Templemore, and there are still several respectable families of the name in the counties of Tipperary, Limerick, and Waterford. One of the chief representatives of this ancient family is E. N. Shannon, Esq. , a literary gentleman, residing near Dublin. VII. O’Duibhraic, chief of Tuath Congaile or Dun Braine, is thus mentionedby O'Heerin:—
“The Clan Duibhraic of Dun Braine,
Chiefs of the country of Hy Congaile,
Their fortresses are about the beauteous Boruma, A tribe remarkable for their golden tresses. ”
VIII. O’Duibhibhir, O’Duibhir, or O'Dwyer, is given by O'Heerin as chief of Hy Aimhrith, or Aimrit, and thus designated:—
“Hy Aimrit, the land of hospitality, Is inherited by the tribe of O'Dwyer;
Above all others they obtained the country, They are the chief support at each battle ford. ”
The O'Dwyers were a branch of the Heremonians of Leinster, and chiefs of note in ancient times; they possessed an extensive territory in the present baronies of Kilnamanach, county of Tip
perary, and there are still several respectable families of the name in that county. Some of the O'Dwyers were commanders in the Irish brigade in the service of France. General O'Dwyer is men tioned by Mac Geoghegan as governor of Belgrade, and there was an admiral O'Dwyer in the Russian service. IX. O'Deagha or O'Dea, and O'Hoiliolla, aregiven by O'Heerin as chiefs of Sliabh
from the twelfth to the sixteenth century. thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
The O'Kennedys are
“O'Kennedy, who reddens his spears,
Rules over the smooth, extensive Glen Omra,
By his tribe is possessedthe brown plains gained by valour;
He obtained the land without opposition. ”
IV. O'Toirdhealbhaidh, or, as it is written in the Books of Leacan
and Ballymote, O'Urthaile, anglicised to O'Hurley. The O'Hur
leys are of the Dalcassian race, and are stated in O'Flaherty's Ogygia to be of the tribe of Hy Bloid, who possessedthe territory
called Triocha Hy Bloid, which comprised a great part of the ba ronies of Lower Ormond and Owney, in Tipperary; this tribe was also designated Clan Tail, a term which was applied to the Dalcas sians. The O'Hurleys are thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“The territory of Hy Bloid of the silken standards, The chiefs of conflicts, the leaders of the battle hosts, The tribe of Clan Tail as far as the limpid streams, Along the extensive plain of the yews.
“O'Hurley of the tribe of Tail, Near to Killaloe of St. Flannan;
Delightful are its woods and productive its plains, From thence westward to the Shannon. ”
A branch of the O'Hurleys also settled in Limerick, in the barony of Owneybeg, where they are placed on the Map of Or telius, and they also had the parish of Knocklong, in the barony of Coshlea, county of Limerick, where the ruins of their chief castle still remain. Other branches of the O'Hurleys were settled in Galway, and had large possessionsin the baronies of Kilconnell, Killian, and Bally more, of which family were sir William and sir John Hurley, baronets. Of the O'Hurleys of Limerick was Dermod O'Hurley, a celebrated archbishop of Cashel, in the reign of Elizabeth. There are several respectable families of the name in the counties of Tipperary, Limerick, and Kerry. V. O' Eichtigearn, chief of Hy Cearnaidh, is thus men tionedby O'Heerin:—
“Over Hy Cearny of the valiant forces
Rules O'Eichtigearn of the land of tribes,
A joyful country is that of the upright man,
As far as the hospitable port of the Shannon. ”
VI. O'Seanchain or O'Shanahan, by some rendered to Shannon, by others erroneously anglicised Fox, from Siomach, which in Irish signifiesa fox, thus confounding them with the Sionach or Fox, lord of Teffia, in Westmeath. The O'Shanahans of Munster were descendedfrom Lorcan, king of Munster, and grandfather of Brian Boru ; hence they are a branch of the Dalcassians. They were in ancient times powerful chiefs, and in the great battle of Moin Mor, in Desmond, fought A. D. 1151, and of which an ac Count has beengiven in the note on Thomond, it is stated in the Four Masters, that amongst others, seven chiefs of the O’Shana hans were slain in that battle. The O'Shanahans were chiefs of th territory called Feadha Hy Rongaile, or the Woods of Hy
Rongaile, comprising the country about Eibhline, and as Slieve
Eibhline is stated in the old writers to be near Cashel, this terri
tory appearsto have been situated either in the barony of Mid
Ardach, now the barony of Slieveardagh, mentionedin the topographical poem:—
“Slieve Ardagh of the fair lands O'Dea inherits as his estate,
in Tipperary,
and thus
*hird, or of Eliogarty. The O'Shanahans are thus mentioned by O'Heerin:—
REIGN OF HENRY IV. 199
A host of the tribe from the head of the plain, And also O'Hoilioll from Binn Bracain. ”
X. O'Carthaidh or O'Carthy, chief of Muiscridh Iarthar Feimin,
is thus mentionedby O'Heerin
“The portion of O'Carthy by right
Is Muscry-Iarhar-Feimin,
Rath-na-m Brandubh is now its name, A designation generally known. ”
This territory, according to O'Halloran, was situated near Emly, in Tipperary. XI. O’Mearaidhe, or O'Meara, chief of Hy Fathaidh, Hy Niall, and Hy Eochaidh Finn. According to O'Brien, at the word Fiarach, the O’Mearas were chiefs of Hy Fiarach, called also Tuaim-ui-Mheara, in Tipperary. The O'Mearas had an extensive territory in the barony of Upper Or mond, county of Tipperary, and the name of their chief residence Tuaim-ui-Meara, is still retained in the town of Toomavara, in that district. They are thus designated by O'Heerin:—
“O’Meara, who is a goodly prince,
The chief of Hy Fahy, obtained extensive lands, And the Hy Nialls of the race of Eogan the Fair, All the lions whom I enumerate. ”
There are still several respectable families of the O'Mearas in Tipperary and Queen's county. XII. O’Meachair or O'Meaghar, by some rendered Maher, chief of Crioch-ui-Cairin, is thus men tioned by O'Heerin:—
“Powerfully they have peopled the country, The O'Meaghers of the land of Hy Kerrin, A tribe who inhabited Bearnan Eile,
Itis not improper to extol their fame. ”
:-
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200 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1401.
Niall Garv, son of Hugh, son of Donal Oge, and Malachy, the son of Flaherty O’Rourke, with many
The O'Meaghers were in ancient times powerful chiefs, and had the territory now forming the barony of Ikerrin, in the county of
others. O'Donnell with his sons, and the Muintir Duirnin, pursued Bryan on the same day, and
These O'Sullivans were a branch of the O'Sullivans, princes of Beara, in the county of Cork, of whom an account has been given in the note on Desmond, and the territory they possessedin Tippe rary, called the Eoganacht of Knock Graffan, was situated in the harony of Middlethird, between Cashel and Cahir, and name
Tipperary, and the place mentioned in the above verses as Bear
nan Eile is now called the Devil's Bit Mountain, in the parish of
Barnanely. There are very respectable families of the O’Meaghers
in the counties of Tipperary, Kilkenny, and Carlow. XIII. still retained the parish Knockgraffan, where the O'Sulli O'Flanagain or O'Flanagans, chiefs of Uachtar Tire, and of Kinel
Arga, are thus mentioned by O'Heerin:— “O'Flanagan obtained the country
Of Uachtar Tire, a rich and fertile land, Which always yields the choicest produce,
The plain is clad with a matchless verdant mantle.
“O'Flanagan of the mighty hand
Is chief of the entire of Kinel Arga,
He is of the race of Teige, the son of Kian the Sage, Of the noble hospitable stock of Oilioll. ”
vans had their principal seat, and which ancient mound moat, near the river Suir, which was early times residence the kings Munster; and Fiacha Muilleathan, celebrated
king Munster the third century, had his chieffortress that place. XIX. O’Fogarta, O’Fogarty, given O'Heerin
It appears from O'Brien, at the word Flanagan, that there were
two chiefs of these O'Flanagans, one of Kinel Arga, a district in
Ely O'Carroll, in the King's county, and the other of Uachtar
Tire, or the upper country, in the barony of Iffa and Offa, on the
borders of Tipperary and Waterford. XIV. O’Breislein or O’Bres
len, chief of Hy Athaidh Eile, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin:— O’Cullen, Collins, chief Eoganacht Aradh O'Caoilidhe
“Hy Athy of Ely, as far as the shore,
It was obtained by the force of battle, A fierce chief and brave in conflict
Is O'Breslen of the well-proportioned limbs. ”
This territory appears to have beena part of Ely O'Carroll, situ ated near the Shannon, and these O’Breslems were probably a
branch of the O’Breslens of Donegal, who were Brehons to the O'Donnells, princes of Tirconnell, and to the Mac Guires, princes of Fermanagh. XV. O'Cein, probably O'Kean, chief of Hy Fodh ladha, a district supposed to be on the borders of Tipperary and Waterford, is thus mentionedby O'Heerin:—
“Hy Foladha it is our duty to record, We treat of its blooming forest,
O'Kean from Machuin Meadhaidh, His fame shall spread over tribes. ”
XVI. O’Donnagain, or O'Donnegan, is given by O'Heerin as high prince of Aradh, and thus designated:–
“The high prince of Ara, who rules over the tribes, Is O'Donnegan of the hospitable countenance, The country has yielded plenty of produce,
To the prince of Ara in great abundance. ”
The O'Donnegans were of the race of the Clanna Deaga or Ear
nans of Ulster, and according to the Annals of Inisfallen, and
O'Brien at the word Muiscrith, were princes of Muiscrith Tire, now
Lower Ormond, in Tipperary; and, according to O'Halloran, had
Aradh Cliach, in Tipperary, now the barony of Owney and
Arra, as mentioned in the foregoing verse XVII. O’Donnga laidh, probably O'Donnelly or O'Dongally; and O'Fuirig, pro
bably O'Furrey, are also given by O'Heerin as chiefs of Muis crith Tire, and thus designated:—
“Over Muscry Tire of hospitality,
Rule two of the most noble chiefs, O'Dongally and also O'Fuirig,
They are of Ormond of the smooth fertile plain. ”
XVIII. O'Sulleabhain, or O'Suillivan, is given by O'Heerin as chief of Eoganacht Mor of Cnoc Raffan, and thus designated:—
“O'Sullivan, who delighted not in violence, Ruled over the great Eoganacht of Munster; About Knockraffan he obtained his lands, After the victory of conflicts and battles. ”
O'Keely, chief Aolmuighe, are thus mentioned
“O’Cullen who maintained good fame
Over the hospitable Eoganacht Ara; Over the land the fair Aolmoy,
Rules the powerful and hospitable O'Keely. ”
O'Heerin:
chief
Ele Deisceart
“South Ely Its clans are
south Ely, and thus designated:—
established tributes,
the race Eochy Baldearg,
affluence abounding hazel woods,
country
the land which O’Fogarty obtained. ”
The O’Fogartys were chiefs Eile-ui-Fhogartaidh, now the
barony
Thurles;
Ely,
the Q'Fogartys the county Tipperary. XX. O'Cuillein,
Eliogarty, Tipperary, and had their chief seats about was called South Ely, distinguish from North
Ely O'Carroll. There are several respectable families
The districts these chiefs appear have been the barony Owney and Arra, Tipperary. XXI. O’Duinechair, name anglicised O'Dinnahane and O'Dinan, given O'Heerin
chief Eoganacht Uaithne Ageamar, and thus designated:—
“Owney Agamar, green are
The Eoganacht the land
Delightful are the borders
Tipperary, according O'Brien and O'Halloran, afterwards
possessed Owney Tipperary, and Owneybeg Limerick, and
are placed there the Map Ortelius. These O'Ryans were clan note, branch the O'Ryans, princes Hy Drone,
Carlow, and there are several very respectable families the name
XXIV.
Mac Ceoch Mac Keogh, chief Uaithne Tire, thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
The hereditary right
the extensive plain, the clan Dinnahane. ”
the counties Tipperary, Carlow, and Kilkenny. O'Meargdha O'Meargain, chief Eoganacht Rus Airgid, thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“To O'Meargain belongs the land The fair Eoganacht Ross Argid,
portion,
lord peace and vulture war, Resides near the great Carn Mughaine. ”
“Over Owney Tire
rich produce,
his chosen place,
Dwell that wood opposite the foreigners. ”
This territory was situated ancient Owney, which comprised the present baronies Owney and Arra Tipperary, and Owney beg Limerick. The O'Loingsys, O'Lynches, tribe mentioned the foregoing verse, dwelling here opposite the foreigners, which
means that they were the neighbourhood the Danes, who pos
Rules Mac Keogh
The O'Loingsys, men lands,
hills, Cathbaidh;
O'Brien the word Uaithne, com Tipperary and Limerick, now the ba
This territory, according
prised part the counties
ronies Owney and Owneybeg. XXII. The O'Ryans, O'Mulrians
XXIII.
o
in as
or
of of of to ofto
or
in
in of as of of
or
ofor is
or in
of
of
of
a
in in an
of in in
of onin in
in
in
A in
of
or of in
it of in
It A
of of of
of is is
or by by a
a
or oraoftoof isof
of
as aof of of
or
of
of of its
to
to
of
in
at
in of of isin
of as in
of a is is
of
; it bya
at its
in ina of of
as
of
of
ofof
REIGN OF HENRY IV. 201
overtook him while carrying away the property of engagement ensued between O’Donnell and Bryan Henry O'Gormley, whom he had slain; a fierce O'Neill, in which Bryan and many others were
sessed Limerick. XXV. O'Iffernan, or O'Heffernain, and O'Catha rary and Limerick. XXXII. O’Banain or O'Bannan, chief of Hy
lain, probably O'Callan, were chiefs of Uaithne Cliach, and are thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“Owney Cliach of the fair bright sun Is an estate to the O'Heffernans,
A clear plain by the side of each hill, Mildly O'Callan enjoyed the land. ”
This territory was situated in the barony of Owney and Arra, county of Tipperary, and these O'Heffernans were a branch of the O'Heffernans of Clare, of whom an account has been given in the note on Thomond. XXVI. Mac Longachain, probably Long, or Longan, chief of Crota Cliach, and of Hy Cuanach, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“A territory was obtained about Crota Cliach, By Mac Longahan the grey-haired chief;
He is lord there of the hosting plain, Hy Coonagh of the fair fertile lands. ”
in the poem as follows:—
“Of the same tribe who possessedthis land
Are the O'Dwyers of the fair teeth,
The plain of the seventh division and fine fortress Is justly possessedby the free tribe. ”
Dechi, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“Hy Dechi, the fine district of hills,
The extensive land of fair fortresses,
A fruitful country which they inherit, Is the estate of the tribe of O'Bannan. ”
Hy Dechi, the territory of the O'Bannans, appears to have been situated in the north of Tipperary, and there are still many respec table families of the name. XXXIII. O’Ailche, chief of Tuatha Faralt, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“Tuatha Faralt of the clear woods, That is the territory of O'Ailche;
A plain of fair fortresses and a numerous tribe, Like the lands of the shallow rivers of Tailtean. ”
XXXIV. O'Cathail or O'Cahil, chief of Corca Tine, is thus men tioned by O'Heerin:
“Corca Tiny the blooming is profitable,
This territory was situated partly in the barony of Owney and
Arra, in Tipperary, and partly in the barony of Coonagh, county of
Linerick. The O'Dwyers, of whom an account has been given in
this article as chiefs of Kilnamanagh, in Tipperary, were also lo The district of the O'Cahils appears to have been situated on the cated on the same territory as O'Longachan, and are mentioned
XXVII. The O'Lonargans are given by O'Brien at the word
Lonargan, as the ancient chiefs and proprietors of Cahir, and the
adjoining districts in Tipperary, till the fourteenth century, when
they were dispossessedby the Butlers, earls of Ormond. The
Q'Lonargans were in ancient times a powerful clan, and three of
them are mentioned in Ware, in the twelfth and thirteenth centu
Ties, as archbishops of Cashel. XXVIII. The Mac-I-Briens, a Egans, in the barony of Arra, were hereditary Brehons of Ormond; branch of the O'Briens of Thomond, descendedfrom Brian Roe
Q'Brien, king of Thomond, had large possessionsin the barony of Owney and Arra, in Tipperary, and in the barony of Coonagh, county of Limerick. They were styled Mac-I-Briens, lords of Ara and Coonagh, and several of them are mentioned in the course of these Annals. XXIX. Mac Corcrain, or Mac Corcoran, chief of Clan Ruainne, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“Clan Rooney of the flowery avenues,
A delightful fair land of small streams;
Mac Corcoran from the populous country,
From the borders inhabited by fair-haired heroes. ”
xxx. O'Haodhagain or O'Hogan, chief of Crioch Cein, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“O’Hogan of Crioch Kian rules over
Clan Ionmainen of the fair country, * A district which fertilized each land
With honey-dew on all its blossoms. ”
The O'Hogans are placed on the Map of Ortelius about Lower Or in Tipperary. XXXI. MacGiollaphoil, or Mac Gillfoyle,
*ief of Clan'Condiegain, is thus mentioned by otheerin:
** A chief for whom the mut-trees produce fair fruit
Rules over Clan Quinlevan of immensewealth; The scion of Biorra of the warlike tribe
and the O’Cullenans, or Mac Cullenans, were hereditary phy sicians, and manyof themvery learned menin Ormond. XXXVIII. The O'Scullys, O'Hanraghans, O'Lanigans, and Magraths, were also clans of note in Tipperary; and the O'Honeens, who anglicised the name to Green, were numerous in Tipperary and Clare.
Ormond and Desies were formed into the counties of Tipperary and Waterford, A. D. 1210, in the reign of king John. Waterford was called by the ancient Irish Cuan-na-Grioth, signifying the harbour of the sun, and afterwards Gleann-na-n Cleodh, or the valley of lamentation, from a great battle fought there between the Irish and Danes, in the tenth century; it was also called Port Lairge, signifying the Port of the Thigh, from the river Suir and harbour resembling that part of the human body. By the Danes it was called Vader-Fiord, or Vedra-Fiord, as men tioned in the preceding part of this article, in the poem quoted on the death of the Danish king, Regnar Lodbrog. In this poem, which will be found in full in Blair's Dissertations, pre fixed to Ossian's poems by Macpherson, and translated into
Latin by the Danish historian, Olaus Wormius, Waterford is called VedrapSinus; the word Fiord, in the Danish, signifies a ford or haven, and Vader, as given in Wolff's Danish Dictionary, means to
Is Mac Gilfoyle of the fair fortress. ”
ford or wade a river, therefore Vader Fiord may signify the ford able part of the haven; or perhaps according to Ryland, in his History of Waterford, it got its name from Vader, a Scan dinavian deity, to whom the ford or haven was made sacred; or according to others, the haven was dedicated to Odin, the chief deity of the Scandinavians, whom they called Vader, signifying Father. Tipperary Irish, Tiobradarainn, signifying, accord ing O'Brien,
*Mac Gillfoyles appear to have been located on the borders of PPorory and King's county, and the O'Quinlevans, some of whom have changed the name to Quinlan, are numerous in Tippe
Arain, and called from the adjoin ing territory Arainn. Tipperary one the largest and finest counties Ireland, with extensive plains, and valleys unbounded
About Drumsaileach of blue streams, O'Cahill above all others obtained An inheritance at Achaidh Iubhair. ”
borders of Tipperary and Kilkenny, and the name is still numerous in Kilkenny and Carlow. XXXV. The O'Dineartaighs and O'Aimriths are mentioned as clans by O'Heerin, and appear to have been located on the borders of Tipperary and Kilkenny. XXXVI. O'Spealain, or O'Spillan, chief of Hy Luighdeach, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“The chief of Hy Luighdeach of ancient swords
Is O'Spillan of the bright spurs;
Mighty is the march of the warrior's battalions, Increasing as they proceed along the plains of Macha. ”
The territory of the O'Spillans appears to have been situated on the borders of Tipperary and Kilkenny. XXXVII. The Mac
the well
2 D
so of
to in
of
of
is
of
is, in
202 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1401.
slain, and his party defeated, leaving behind them nell returned home with immense booty, after a the plundered property of Kinel Maoin ; O'Don triumphant victory.
fertility. The Galtees, Slievenaman, the Keeper, Devil's Bit, and other magnificent mountains, and the expansion of the mighty Shannon, called Lough Dearg, extending on one side for a distance of more than twenty miles, like a great inland sea, in some places five or six miles broad, present varied scenery of great grandeur and beauty; and the scenery along the river Suir is also ex tremely beautiful. In Tipperary are valuable coal and iron mines, and extensive slate quarries. In Waterford the Cummeraghs and other mountains, and the course of the rivers Suir, Bride, and Blackwater, with the junction of the Suir, Nore, and Barrow, present much interesting and beautiful scenery; and this county contains, at Bonmahon and other places, very valuable mines of copper, iron, lead, and also of silver ore. Affane, in Waterford, is famous for cherries, first planted there by Sir Walter Raleigh, who brought them from the Canary Islands. In both counties are extensive ruins and remains of castles, abbeys, and other in teresting antiquities too numerous to be here mentioned.
Anglo-Norman and English families in Tipperary and Water ford. —A. D. 1177, king Henry II. gave a grant of Desies, or the entire county of Waterford, together with the city, to Robert le
Poer, who was his marshal. The le Poers were, at various periods from the thirteenth to the seventeenth century, created barons of Donisle and of Curraghmore, viscounts of Decies, and earls of Tyrone. The le Poers became very numerous in the county of Waterford, and many of them changed the name to Power, and they possessed the greater part of the baronies of Decies and Upperthird, and their territory was called Power's country, and there are many highly respectable families of the name in the counties of Waterford and Kilkenny. The Fitzgeralds, earls of Desmond, of whom an account has been given in the note on Des mond, had extensive possessions and numerous castles in the county of Waterford, in the baronies of Coshmore and Coshbride, and had also the title of barons of Decies. In the reign of Henry VI. , A. D. 1447, the celebrated warrior, sir John Talbot, earl of Shrewsbury, lord lieutenant of Ireland, got grants in Waterford, together with the castle and land, of Dungarvan, and the title of earl of Waterford, and viscount of Dungarvan. The family of Williers, earls of Jersey, in England, got, in the seventeenth and
eighteenth centuries, large possessions in Waterford, by intermar riage with the Fitzgeralds of Dromana, a branch of the earls of Desmond, and were created earls of Grandison. The chief families of English descent settled in Waterford were the following:—The Aylwards, Anthonys, Allans, Alcocks, Butlers, Browns, Barkers, Boltons, Birds, Barrons, Burkes, Baggs, Boats, Boyds, Creaghs, Carrs, Corrs, Comerfords, Crokers, Cooks, Christmases, D'Altons, Dobbyns, Disneys, Drews, Ducketts, Everards, Fitzgeralds, Greens, Gambles, Goughs, Grants, Hales, Jacksons, Kings, Keys, Lom bards, Leas, Leonards, Mandevilles, Morgans, Morrises,(Madans, and Mulgans, probably the Irish namesof O'Madden and O'Mulligan), Newports, Nugents, Osbornes,Odells, Powers, Prendergasts, Roch forts, Roches, Rices, Sherlocks, Strongs, Tobins, Ushers, Walls, Walshes, Waddings, Wyses, Woodlocks, Whites, &c. The early English families principally possessed the territory called from them Gal-tir, signifying the country of the foreigners, now the ba rony of Gaultiere. The Walshes, called by the Irish Brannaghs, or Breathnachs, signifying Britons or Welshmen, as they origi nally came from Wales, are still very numerous, and many re spectable families of them in the counties of Waterford and Kilkenny.
of Butler. The Butlers became very numerous and powerful in Ireland, and acquired very extensive possessions in Tipperary, Kilkenny, Waterford, Wicklow, Carlow, Queen's county, Dublin, Kildare, Meath, Limerick, and Galway. In the reign of Edward III. Tipperary was formed into the County Palatine of Ormond, under theButlers. TheButlers thusbecomingsopowerful,different branches of them furnished many of the most distinguished families in Ireland, and a great number of them, from the thirteenth to the eighteenth century, held the offices of lords justices, lords deputies, and lords lieutenant of Ireland, and different branches of them fur mished numerous noble families, being created at various periods earls, marquesses, and dukes of Ormond, earls of Ossory, earls of Carrick, earls of Kilkenny, earls of Gowran, earls of Glengall, and earls of Arran ; viscounts of Clonmore, of Ikerrin, of Thurles, of Mountgarrett, and of Galmoy ; and barons of Cahir, of Cloughgrennan, of Tullyophelim, of Arklow, of Aughrim, of Kells, and of Dunboyne.
Nobility. —The following have been the noble families in Tippe rary and Waterford from the reign of King John to the present time: In Waterford, the Le Poers, barons of Domisle and of Curraghmore, viscounts of Decies, and earls of Tyrone. The Be resfords, by intermarriage with the Le Poers, became earls of Tyrone, marquesses of Waterford, and barons of Decies. The Fitzgeralds, barons of Decies and earls of Desmond; the Talbots, earls of Shrewsbury, in England, and earls of Waterford and Wex ford in Ireland; the family of Williers, earls of Jersey in England, and earls of Grandison in Ireland ; the Scottish family of Maule, earls of Panmure, have the title of barons Maule and earls of Pan mure in Waterford and Wexford; the family of Lumley Saunder son, earls of Scarborough in England, are viscounts of Waterford; the Boyles, earls of Cork, and viscounts of Dungarvan; the O'Briens, earls of Clare in the reign of James II. , had also the title of viscounts of Lismore ; the O'Callaghans are viscounts of Lis more in Waterford, but resident in Tipperary; the St. Legers, ba rons of Kilmeaden; the Williers Stuarts, barons of Decies, and the Keanes, barons Keane of Cappoquin. In Tipperary. —The Dukes of Cambridge in the Royal family, have the title of earls of Tipperary. The Butlers, of whom an account has beengiven above, were earls, marquesses, and dukes of Ormond, and also had the following titles in Tipperary: earls of Carrick, earls of Glengall, viscounts of Thurles, viscounts of Ikerrin, and barons of Cahir. The Mac Carthys were earls of Mountcashel; afterwards the Davises, and in modern times the Moores, are earls of Mountcashel; the Bulk leys, viscounts of Cashel; the Scotts, earls of Clonmel ; the Hely
Hutchinsons, earls of Donoughmore; the Kings, earls of Kingston;
the Yelvertons, viscounts of Avonmore; the Maudes, viscounts
Hawarden; the family of Fairfax are viscounts of Emly ; the Car letons, barons Carleton; the Pritties, barons of Dunally; and the Bloomfields, barons Bloomfield.
Ecclesiastical Divisions. —The following accounts of bishops' sees in Tipperary and Waterford have been collected from Ware, Colgan, Lanigan, Archdall, Beaufort, and other sources:
The See of Ardmore, in Waterford was founded, in the fifth century, by the celebrated St. Declan, who was of the tribe of the Desians, and having studied at Rome, becamehighly distinguished
for learning and sanctity. Ardmore was united to the see of Lis more in the latter end of the twelfth century.
The Seeof Lismore, in Waterford, was founded in the begin ning of the seventh century by St. Carthach, who was also called Mochuda. The seeof Ardmore having been annexed to Lismore as above stated, in the twelfth century, both were annexed to the see of Waterford in the fourteenth century, A. D. 1363, by Pope Urban W.
The See of Waterford was founded by the Danes of that city, in the latter end of the eleventh century; and Malchus, a Dane, who was a Benedictine monk of Winchester, was appointed first bishop,
terbury.
bishops
King Henry II. , or according to others, Henry III. , gave a grant of Ormond to Otho de Grandison, an Anglo-Norman lord, but the family of Butler became the chief possessors of Tipperary. The
ancestor of the Butlers came from Normandy to England, with
William the Conqueror, and got extensive possessionsin Norfolk,
Suffolk, and Lancaster. Their original name was Fitz-Walter,
from Walter, one of their ancestors, and Theobald Fitz-Walter
came to Ireland with king Henry II. , and got large grants of
lands, and had the office of chief Butler of Ireland conferred on
him, the duty attached to which was, to attend at the coronation of
the kings of England, and present them with the first cup of wine;
from the office of the Butlership of Ireland they took the name saint the diocese Otteran, Odran.
1096, and consecrated Anselm, archbishop Can The bishops Waterford were styled the old writers Port Lairge, the ancient name that city. The patron
of
D.
of
A.
is
of
or
by
of
by
of its
Cormac Mac Braman, chief of Corcachlan, was treacherously slain by his own kinsmen, namely, Conor, son of John Mac Branan, and others.
Donal, son of Henry O’Neill, was released from the English.
The Diocese of Lismore comprises the greater part of the county of Waterford, and part of Tipperary; and the Diocese of Waterford comprises the city of Waterford, with a portion of the
county.
Roscrea, in Tipperary, was an ancient bishop's see, founded by
A. D. 1402.
venue, which was payable to the see of Armagh. This place was long eminent as a seat of learning and religion, but was destroyed by the Danes in the tenth century.
his return Italy, stopped some time Tarentum, Naples, and, from his eminent virtues, was elected bishop Tarentum, and presided over that see many years; died there, and his me mory still held great veneration the patron saint Taren tum. While Cathaldus was lecturer the college Lismore was attended vast number students from all parts Europe, Gauls Franks, Teutones Germans, Bohemians, Ba tavians, Belgians, Helvetians, Britons, and even persons from Thule, the Orkney Islands. Bartholomew Moroni, learned
gan, and Bonaventure Moroni, his brother, composed laudatory poem Cathaldus, which given Archbishop Ussher's work the British Churches, and from which are taken the following
passages:–
“Oceani divum Hesperii Phoebique cadentis, Immortale decus, nulli pietate secundum, Prisca Phalantaei celebrant quemjure Senatus, Externisque dolet mitti glacialis Iberne,
**ted
oendowed. A. 1172, great synod
*ned
Henry II. . which Christian the
he
of Piocese
new church
cathedral Cashel, which
Cashel,
*Qoonarchy, bishop Lismore, presided Pope's legate;
and king
acknowledged that assembly.
mulceat ore diserto.
Henry's claim
king
the sovereignty Ireland was There are still remaining the Cashel many interesting antiquities, Cormac's chapel, tower, and the magnificent ruins the ancient cathedral. Cashel comprises the greater part the county
Tipperary, with small portions Limerick and Kilkenny; and the archiepiscopal see Cashel has jurisdiction over the ecclesiastical province Munster, under which the following are suftragan sees Ardfert and Aghadoe, Kerry, Cork,
Lismore, from the fame university, became
city, and had less than twenty churches; and
Carthach, quoted Smith, thus mentioned: “Lismore
REIGN OF HENRY IV.
203
St. Cronan, in the latter end of the sixth century, and was in early
times annexed to Killaloe. Tir-da-glas, now the parish of
Terryglass, in the barony of Lower Ormond, county of Tip The College Lismore. —As already stated, the see Lismore perary, had a celebrated monastery, founded by St. Columba was founded St. Carthach, the seventh century, and in the sixth century, and some of its abbots were styled St. Cathal, Cathaldus, native Desies, became his succes
bishops. In A. D. 736, a great synod of bishops and clergy was
held at Tir-da-glas, at which attended Aodh Ollan, monarch of
Ireland, Cathal king of Munster, and other princes, and regulations
were passed for the collection of the dues called St. Patrick's re tity. He afterwards went pilgrimage Jerusalem, and
great contest arose between O’Neill and the sons Henry O’Neill, and the country di
rections was spoiled between them.
Cloyne, Ross, Waterford, Lismore, Emly, Limerick, Killaloe, and Killfenora.
Ancient Literature. —The following account various learned writers, natives Tipperary and Waterford, and the works composed them, have been collected from Ware, Usher, Colgan, bishop Nicholson, O'Reilly's Irish Writers, Lanigan, Bremnan's Ecclesiastical History, and other sources.
sor bishop Lismore, and established seminary there, which became regent chief professor, and was one the most celebrated men Europe that age, for learning and sanc
The See of Emly was founded in the fifth century by the cele brated St. Ailbe, who was called the Patrick of Munster, and pa tron of that province Emly was in ancient times a considerable city, and called Imleach Iubhair, which signifies Emly of the
Yew Trees, and sometimes Imleach Ailbe, or Emly of St. Ailbe. The bishops of Emly were sometimes styled bishops of Munster, as it was in early times the metropolitan see of that province. The see was united to Cashel in the sixteenth century, A. D. 1578. The diocese of Emly is but small, and comprises parts of the coun ties of Tipperary and Limerick.
The See of Cashel was founded in the latter end of the ninth century, by the celebrated Cormac Mac Cullenan, who became archbishop of Cashel, and king of Munster, and died A. D. 908, as already stated in the account of his life given in the preceding Part of this article. The patron saint of the diocese is Albert, a celebrated Irish saint of the seventh century, whom Colgan and Lanigan consider to have been bishop of Emly. Albert was
brother to Erard, another celebrated Irish saint, who was bishop of Ardagh, and afterwards preached the gospel in Bavaria, and died at Ratisbon. Albert likewise becamea missionary in Ger many, and died at Ratisbon: (Lanigan, vol. iii. , p. 111). The archbishops of Cashel were styled by the old Irish writers, bishops of Leath Mogha, and bishops of Munster. According to some accounts, St. Patrick held a synod at Cashel, attended by Ailbe, of Emly, Declan, of Ardmore, and other saints. A. D. 1101, Murtogh O'Brien, king of Munster, according to the Annals of Inisfallen, conveneda great synod, or assembly of bishops, clergy, and nobility at Cashel, in which he assigned over to the see and bishops that hitherto royal seat the kings Munster, which was dedicated God, St. Patrick, and St. Ailbe; and, according
the same annals, 1127, Cormac Mac Carthy erected
St. Cathaldus, given Col native Tarentum, wrote Life -
*church there, called from him, Teampull Chormaic chapel, which the year 1134 was consecrated the bishops, clergy, and nobility Munster, held
Musa refer
Spargitur occiduas sensin vaga fama per urbes, Huic juveni primistantum conatibus omnes Concessisse viros, easien quos edidit aetas, Quantum ignes superat Phoebejam plena minores. Undique conveniunt proceres quos dulcetrahebat Discendi studium, major num cognita virtus
An laudata foret—celeres vastissima Rheni
Jam vada Teutonici, jam deseruere Sicambri, Mittit extremo gelidas Aquilone Boemas
Albis, Arverni coeunt Batavique frequentes,
quicunque colunt alta sub rupe Gebennas, Non omnes prospectat Arar Rodanique fluenta Helvetios—multos desiderat ultima Thule, Certatim properant, diverso tramite urbem Lesmoriam, juvenis primos ubi transigit annos, Mirantur tandem cuncti Quod cognitus heros, Spe major, fama melior, preconia laudum Exuperat, nullumque parem ferat aemula virtus. Cataldus plebi juvenis sat notus Ibernae,
quanta
Quis referat hic edat miracula, quales
Hine abigat pestes, quantorum corda virorum
Purpose. A. D. 1169, Donal o'Brien, king
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204 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1402.
Murtogh O'Flanagan, archdeacon of Elphin, the earl of Desmond, and the two Mac Williams
died.
A war arose between the earl of Ormond and
woman dares enter, but it is full of churches and monasteries, and religious men in great numbers abide there, and thither holy men flock together from parts Ireland and from Britain, being desirous move from thence Christ; and the city built upon the banks river, formerly called Nem, but now Avon more, that the great river the territory Nandesi. ” The name Lismore signifies the great fortress, and was ancient times called Magh Sciath, the Plain the Shields, and afterwards' Dun Sginne, the Fortress the Flight, from St. Carthach having fled there for refuge. The city and college Lismore were frequently plundered and burned the Danes the tenth cen tury; and the years 1173-74-78 the city was repeatedly rava ged the English forces under Strongbow and Raymond Gros; and, according Cambrensis, Lismore was great city the time the English invasion, and when taken and plundered Raymond
Gros, the booty was great load sixteen ships, which they transmitted Waterford. The city Lismore, with its college and churches, long renowned seat literature and religion, from these repeated devastations, never recovered its ancient greatness, but fell into such utter decay that very ruins have disappeared, leaving remains former magnificence.
The Book Lismore, large ancient Irish MS. folio, vellum, which was accidentally discovered the castle Lismore, where
went to aid the earl of Ormond.
The Rock of Lough Key was taken by Conor
library Sir William Betham, with full translation into English, made the translator these Annals.
Mac Craith Mac Gowan, called also Mac Craith-na-Sgel, and
some, Thomas Mac Gowan Smith, was, according canon the abbey St. Ruadhan, Lorha Tipperary;
mentioned O'Reilly's Irish Writers, A. 1425;
Irish some works the Irish saints and ecclesiastical history,
which are mentioned by Ware and O'Reilly.
Gotofrid, native Waterford, Dominican monk, was one the most learned men the thirteenth century; travelled the East, and becamehighly skilled the Arabic and other
Oriental languages, and published Paris many historical works, which account may found Ware's Writers.
Keating's History Ireland. Geoffrey Keating, called the
Irish Herodotus, was native Tipperary, and born the parish Tibrid, about the year 1570.
