) His name appears
in successive terraces, all adorned with great on a base, the statue belonging to which is lost.
in successive terraces, all adorned with great on a base, the statue belonging to which is lost.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - a
29; Schol.
ad
even allow him a place in the canon of the ten Apoll. Rhod. ii. 791, ad Eur. Orest. 859, ad
Attic orators (Bibl. Coislin, p. 597), and Diony-Soph. Electr. 281, ad Tuocr. xiv. 48, ad Pind. 01.
sius mentions, that he was trcated with indiffer- vii. 49, Isthm. iv. 104. See also Meineke, llist.
ence by Callimachus and the grammarians of Per- Crit. Com. Gruec. p. 385. It is doubtful whether
gamus. However, some of the most eminent this Deinias should be identified with the author
grammarians, such as Didymus of Alexandria and of a work on the history of inventions mentioned
Heron of Athens, did noi disdain to write com- by Athenaeus (xi. p. 471, b. ; see Fabric. Bibl.
mentaries upon him. (Harpocrat. s. v. Maptuaciov; | Graec. vol. ii. p. 150).
[E. E. )
Suid. s. v. "Howv. ) The orations still extant ena- DEI'NIAS, is mentioned by Pliny among the
ble us to form an independent opinion upon the most ancient painters of monochromes. (xxxv. 6.
merits of Deinarchus; and we find that Dionysius's 5. 34. )
[P. S. ]
judgment is, on the whole, quite correct. Deinar- DEINOʻCHARES. (DEIXOCRATES. )
chus was a man of no originality of mind, and it is DEINOʻCRATES (AEivorpátis). 1. A Syracu-
difficult to say whether he had any oratorical talent san, was originally a friend of A gathocles, who on
or not. His want of genius led him to imitate others, that account spared his life in the massacre at Syra-
such as Lysias, Hyperides, and more especially cuse by which he established himself in the tyranny,
Demosthenes; but he was unable to come up to B. C. 317. Afterwards, however, in B. C. 312, we
his great model in any point, and was therefore find Deinocrates commanding the Syracusan exiles
nicknamed Δημοσθένης ο άγροικος or o κρίθινος. | in the war in which the Carthaginians supported
Even Hermogenes, his greatest admirer, does not them against Agathocles. The latter, when he
deny that his style had a certain roughness, whence fled from Africa and returned to Sicily at the end
his orations were thought to resemble those of of B. C. 307, found Deinocrates at the head of so
Aristogeiton. Although it cannot be denied that formidable an army, that he offered to abdicate
Deinarchus is the best among the many imitators the tyranny and restore the exiles, stipulating
of Demosthenes, he is far inferior to him in power only for the possession of two fortresses with the
and energy, in the choice of his expressions, in territory around them. But the ambition of Dei-
invention, clearness, and the arrangement of bis nocrates, who preferred his present power to the
Bubjects.
condition of a private citizen in Syracuse, led him
The orations of Deinarchus are contained in the to reject the ofier. Agathocles, however, defeated
various collections of the Attic orators by Aldus him in a battle, and he then submitted. He was
(1513), Stephanus (1575), Gruter (1619), Reiske, received into favour by the tyrant, who gave him
Ducas, Bekker, and Baiter and Sauppe. The best the command of a portion of his forces, and re-
separate edition is that of C. E. A. Schmidt (Leipzig, tained him in his confidence to the end. (Diod.
18:26, 8vo. ), with a selection of the notes of his xix. 8, 104, xx. 77, 79, 89, 90. )
predecessors, and some of his own. There is also 2. A Messenian, went to Rome in B. c. 183, to
a useful commentary on Deinarchus by C. Wurm, justify the revolt of Messene from the Achaeans.
“ Commentarius in Dinarchi Orationes tres," No On his arrival, his hopes were raised by finding that
rimbergae, 1828, 8vo. (Fabric. Bibl. Gr. ii. p. 862, Flamininus, who was a personal friend of his and
&c. ; Westermann, Gesch. der griech. Beredtsamk. an enemy to Philopoemen, the Achaean leader, was
§ 73. )
about to pass into Greece on an embassy to Prusias
2. Of Corinth, a contemporary of the orator, and Seleucus. Flamininus promised him his services,
with whom he has frequently been confounded. and, when he had reached Naupactus, sent to
He was likewise a friend of Phocion, and when Philopoemen and the other magistrates, desiring
the latter was dragged to Athens for execution, them to call an assembly of the Achaeans. Philo-
Deinarchus too was put to death by the command poemen, however, was aware that Flamininus had
of Polysperchon. (Plut. Phoc. 33. ) As this person not come with any instructions on the subject from
is not mentioned elsewhere, the name Deinarchus the senate, and he therefore answered, that he
in Plutarch may be a mistake.
would comply with his request if he would first
3. There were three authors of the name of state the points on which he wished to confer with
Deinarchus, concerning whom we know little be- the assembly: This he did not venture to do, and
yond what is stated by Demetrius of Magnesia the hopes of Deinocrates accordingly fell to the
(Dionys. Deinarch. 1), viz. that one was a poet of ground. Shortly after this, Philopoemen was
Delos, who lived previous to the time of the taken prisoner by the Messenians, and Deinocrates
orator, and wrote poems on Bacchic subjects (comp. was prominent among those who caused him to be
Euseb. Chron, Dccxx. ; Cyrill. c. Julian. x. p. put to death. In the ensuing year the authors of
341); the second, a Cretan, made a collection of the revolt were obliged to yield to the wishes of
Cretan legends; and the third wrote a work upon the Messenian people for peace, and Lycortas, the
Homer. Whether any of these is the same as the Achaean general
, baving been admitted into the
one who, according to Nemesins (de Natur. Hom. / city, commanded the execution of Deinocrates and
4), taught, with Aristoxenus, that the human soul the chiefs of his party; but Deinocrates anticipated
was nothing but a harnony, is uncertain. [L. S. ] ! the sentence by suicide. His qualifications as a
## p. 952 (#972) ############################################
952
DEINOMACHUS.
DEINOSTRATUS.
statesman werc, according to Polybius, of the most DEINO'MENES (Acivouévms). 1. Father of
superficial character. In political foresight, for in- Gelon, Hiero, and Thrasybulus, succesively tyrants
btince, he was utterly deficient. (Polyb. xxiv. 5, of Syracuse. (Herod. vii. 145; Pind. Pyth. i.
12 ; Liv. xxxix. 49; Plut. Philop. 18—21, Flam. | 154, ii. 34. )
20; Paus. iv. 29. )
[E. E. ) 2. One of the guards of Hieronymus, king of
DEINOCRATES (Aeivokpátos), a most dis- Syracuse, in the plot against whose life he joined.
tinguished Macedonian architect in the time of When llieronymus had marched into Leontini,
Alexander the Great. He was the architect of the and had arrived opposite the house where the
new temple of Artemis at Ephesus, which was built murderers were posted, Deinomenes, who was close
after the destruction of the former temple by Hero- behind him, stopped under pretence of extricating
stratus. (CHERSIHron. ) He was employed by his foot from a knot which confined it, and thus
Alexander, whom he accompanied into Egypt, in the checked the advance of the multitude, and separated
building of Alexandria. Deinocrates laid out the the king from his guards. The assassins then
ground and erected several of the principal buildings. rushed on Hieronymus and slew him. (1. c. 215. )
Besides the works which he actually crected, he llis attendants turned their weapons against Dei-
formed a design for cutting mount Athos into a nomenes, but he escaped with a few wounds, and
blatue of Alexander, to whom he presented his was soon after elected by the Syracusans one of
plan upon his accession to the throne; but the their generals. (Liv. xxiv. 7, 23. ) [E. E. ]
king forbad the execution of the project. The DEINOMENES (Aervouévns), a statuary,
right hand of the figure wog to have held a city, whose statues of lo, the daughter of Inachus, and
and in the left there would have been a basin, in Callisto, the daughter of Lycaon, stood in the
which the water of all the mountain streams was Acropolis at Athens in the time of Pausanias,
to pour, and thence into the sea. Another curious (Paus. i. 25. § 1. ) Pliny (xxxiv. 8. s. 19) men-
work which he did not live to finish, is mentioned tions him among the artists who flourished in the
undei Arsixoe (pp. 366, 367] : this fixes the 95th Olympiad, B. C. 400, and adds, that he made
time of the architect's death. The so-called mo- statues of Protesilaüs and Pythodemus the wres-
nument of Hephaestion by Deinocrates was only tier. (17. “ 15. ) Tatian mentions a statue by him
a funeral pile (atupá, Diod. xvii. 115), though a of Besantis, queen of the Paeonians. (Orat. ad
very magnificent one. It formed a pyramid, rising Graec. 53, p. 116, ed. Worth.
) His name appears
in successive terraces, all adorned with great on a base, the statue belonging to which is lost.
magnificence. (Plin. v. 10, s. 11, vii. 37, s. 38, (Bockh, Corp. Inscrip. i. No. 470. ) [P. S. ]
xxxiv. 14, s. 42; Vitruv. i. 1. $ 4, ii. praef. ; Strab. DEINON (Aclvwv), one of the chief men of
xir. pp. 640, 641 ; Val. Max. i. 4, ext. 1 ; Amm. Rhodes, who, when the war broke out between
Marc. xxii. 16 ; Solin. 35, 43; Plut. Alex. 72, de Perseus and the Romans (B. C. 171), rainly en-
Aler. l'irt. ii. S ? ; Lucian, pro Imaq. 9, de con-
deavoured to induce his countrymen to pay no
scrii. Hist. 12; Tzetz. Chil. viii. 199, xi. 367. ) regard to the letter which C. Lucretius had sent to
There is immense confusion among these writers ask for ships, and which Deinon pretended was a
about the architect's name. Pliny calls him Dino- forgery of their enemy Eumenes, king of Pergamus,
chares, or, according to some of the MSS. , Tymo- designed to involve them in a ruinous war. But,
chares or Timocrates ; Strabo has Xelpokpáns; though he failed on this occasion, he still kept up
Plutarch, Itaoikpatns; and, among other varia- a strong opposition to the Roman party.
tions, Eustathius (ad Hom. Il. &. 229) calls him | 167, after the defeat of Perseus, the Rhodians de-
Diocles of Rhegium.
[P. S. ] livered him up to the Romans by way of propi-
DEINOʻLOCHUS (Aervóxoxos), a comic poet tiating them. Polybius calls him a bold and
of Syracuse or Agrigentum, was, according to covetons adventurer, and censures him for what he
some, the son, according to others, the disciple, of considers an unmanly clinging to life after the ruin
Epicharmus. He lived about B. c. 488, and wrote of his fortunes. (Polyb. xxvii. 6,11, xxviii. 2, xxix.
fourteen plass in the Doric dialect, about which 5, xxx. 6-8 ; Liv. xliv. 23, 29, xlv. 22. ) [E. E. ]
we only know, from a few titles. that some of them DEINON or DINON (Δείνων, Δίνων), father
were on mythological subjects. (Suid. s. . ; Fabric. of Cleitarchus, ihe historian of Alexander's expedi-
Bibl. Graec. ii. p. 436; Grysar, de Doriens. Com. tion. He wrote a history of Persia, to which C.
i. p. 81. )
[P. S. ] Nepos (Con. 5) refers as the most trustworthy
DELKO'MACHA (Aelvouáxn), daughter of authority on the subject. He had, however, a
Megacles, the head of the Alcmaeonidae, grand large fund of credulity, if we may trust Pliny.
daugliter of Cleisthenes, and mother of Alcibiades. | (H. N. X. 49. ) He is quoted also in the following
(Plut. Alc. l; Athen. 1, p. 219, c. ; Ael. 1. H. passages :— Plut. Alex. 36, Arlax. 1, 6, 9, 10, 13,
ii. l; see also AlcIBIADES, p. 99, a. , and the pas- 19, 22, Them. 27; Athen. ii. p. 67, b. , ir. p.
sages there referred to. )
[E. E. ] 146, c. , xi. p. 503, f. , xiii. pp. 556, b. , 560, f. ,
DEINO'MACHUS (Aetvbuayos), a philoso- 609, a. , xiv. pp. 633, d. , 652, b. ; Cic. de Dir. i.
pher, who agreed with Calliphon in considering the 23 ; Ael. H. A. xvii. 10, 1. II. vii. i. ; Diog.
chief good to consist in the union of virtue with Laërt. i. 8, ix. 50, in which two passages we also
bodily pleasure, which Cicero calls a joining of the find the erroneous reading Aíw. [E. E. )
man with the beast. The doctrine is thus further DEIXOʻSTRATUS (Aevootpatos), a geometer.
explained by Clement of Alexandria :- Pleasure He is stated by Proclus to have been the brother
and virtue are both of them ends to man; but of Menaechmus, and a contemporary and follower
pleasure is so from the first, while virtue only becomes of Plato. (Comm. in Eucl. c. iv. ) The two bro-
80 after experience. (Cic. de Fin. v. 8, de Off. in. thers, according to Proclus, made the whole of geo-
33, Tusc. Quaest. v. 30; Clem. Alex. Strom. ii. metry niore perfect ( Tenewtépav) than before.
21. ) The Deinomachus, whom Lucian introduces Pappus (lib. iv. prop. 25) has handed down the
in the Philopseudes, is of course a different person, curve which is called the quadratrir of Deinostra-
and possibly a fictitious character. (E. E. ] tus for squaring the circle, which Nicomedes and
In B. C.
## p. 953 (#973) ############################################
DEIOCES.
953
DEIOCES
others afterwards used. This curve is made by | within two or three years ; and, moreover, the
the intersection of a revolving radius of a circle date of the capture of Sardis is disputed, some
with a line moving perpendicular to the first posi- bringing it as low as B. C. 542.
tion of that radius, both moving uniformly, and A ditficulty still remains. Hcrodotus mentions
so that the extremity of the moving perpendicular an interregnum, and it seems from his language
descends from the circumference to the centre to have been not a short one, between the revolt
while the revolving radius describes a right angle. of the Medes and the accession of Dežoces; and he
[A. DE M. ] is supposed to give the sum total of the Median
DEʻIOCES (Aniówns), the founder of the Me- i rule as 156 years. With reference to the former
dian empire, according to lerodotus, who states point, it may be supposed that the 53 years assign-
that, after the Assyrians had held the empire of | ed to Deroces include the interregnum, a supposi-
Upper Asia 520 years, various nations revolted tion extremely probable from the length of the pe-
from them, and first of all the Medes. Soon after riod, especially as the character which Deioces had
this, Deioces, the son of Phraortes, a wise man gained before his accession makes it most unlikely
among the Medes, desiring the tyranny, becainc that he was a very young man; and, on the other
1
an arbitrator for his own village; and the fame of | hand, the Scriptural chronology forbids our carry-
his justice attracted to him suitors from all quar- ing up the revolt of the Medes higher than B. C.
even allow him a place in the canon of the ten Apoll. Rhod. ii. 791, ad Eur. Orest. 859, ad
Attic orators (Bibl. Coislin, p. 597), and Diony-Soph. Electr. 281, ad Tuocr. xiv. 48, ad Pind. 01.
sius mentions, that he was trcated with indiffer- vii. 49, Isthm. iv. 104. See also Meineke, llist.
ence by Callimachus and the grammarians of Per- Crit. Com. Gruec. p. 385. It is doubtful whether
gamus. However, some of the most eminent this Deinias should be identified with the author
grammarians, such as Didymus of Alexandria and of a work on the history of inventions mentioned
Heron of Athens, did noi disdain to write com- by Athenaeus (xi. p. 471, b. ; see Fabric. Bibl.
mentaries upon him. (Harpocrat. s. v. Maptuaciov; | Graec. vol. ii. p. 150).
[E. E. )
Suid. s. v. "Howv. ) The orations still extant ena- DEI'NIAS, is mentioned by Pliny among the
ble us to form an independent opinion upon the most ancient painters of monochromes. (xxxv. 6.
merits of Deinarchus; and we find that Dionysius's 5. 34. )
[P. S. ]
judgment is, on the whole, quite correct. Deinar- DEINOʻCHARES. (DEIXOCRATES. )
chus was a man of no originality of mind, and it is DEINOʻCRATES (AEivorpátis). 1. A Syracu-
difficult to say whether he had any oratorical talent san, was originally a friend of A gathocles, who on
or not. His want of genius led him to imitate others, that account spared his life in the massacre at Syra-
such as Lysias, Hyperides, and more especially cuse by which he established himself in the tyranny,
Demosthenes; but he was unable to come up to B. C. 317. Afterwards, however, in B. C. 312, we
his great model in any point, and was therefore find Deinocrates commanding the Syracusan exiles
nicknamed Δημοσθένης ο άγροικος or o κρίθινος. | in the war in which the Carthaginians supported
Even Hermogenes, his greatest admirer, does not them against Agathocles. The latter, when he
deny that his style had a certain roughness, whence fled from Africa and returned to Sicily at the end
his orations were thought to resemble those of of B. C. 307, found Deinocrates at the head of so
Aristogeiton. Although it cannot be denied that formidable an army, that he offered to abdicate
Deinarchus is the best among the many imitators the tyranny and restore the exiles, stipulating
of Demosthenes, he is far inferior to him in power only for the possession of two fortresses with the
and energy, in the choice of his expressions, in territory around them. But the ambition of Dei-
invention, clearness, and the arrangement of bis nocrates, who preferred his present power to the
Bubjects.
condition of a private citizen in Syracuse, led him
The orations of Deinarchus are contained in the to reject the ofier. Agathocles, however, defeated
various collections of the Attic orators by Aldus him in a battle, and he then submitted. He was
(1513), Stephanus (1575), Gruter (1619), Reiske, received into favour by the tyrant, who gave him
Ducas, Bekker, and Baiter and Sauppe. The best the command of a portion of his forces, and re-
separate edition is that of C. E. A. Schmidt (Leipzig, tained him in his confidence to the end. (Diod.
18:26, 8vo. ), with a selection of the notes of his xix. 8, 104, xx. 77, 79, 89, 90. )
predecessors, and some of his own. There is also 2. A Messenian, went to Rome in B. c. 183, to
a useful commentary on Deinarchus by C. Wurm, justify the revolt of Messene from the Achaeans.
“ Commentarius in Dinarchi Orationes tres," No On his arrival, his hopes were raised by finding that
rimbergae, 1828, 8vo. (Fabric. Bibl. Gr. ii. p. 862, Flamininus, who was a personal friend of his and
&c. ; Westermann, Gesch. der griech. Beredtsamk. an enemy to Philopoemen, the Achaean leader, was
§ 73. )
about to pass into Greece on an embassy to Prusias
2. Of Corinth, a contemporary of the orator, and Seleucus. Flamininus promised him his services,
with whom he has frequently been confounded. and, when he had reached Naupactus, sent to
He was likewise a friend of Phocion, and when Philopoemen and the other magistrates, desiring
the latter was dragged to Athens for execution, them to call an assembly of the Achaeans. Philo-
Deinarchus too was put to death by the command poemen, however, was aware that Flamininus had
of Polysperchon. (Plut. Phoc. 33. ) As this person not come with any instructions on the subject from
is not mentioned elsewhere, the name Deinarchus the senate, and he therefore answered, that he
in Plutarch may be a mistake.
would comply with his request if he would first
3. There were three authors of the name of state the points on which he wished to confer with
Deinarchus, concerning whom we know little be- the assembly: This he did not venture to do, and
yond what is stated by Demetrius of Magnesia the hopes of Deinocrates accordingly fell to the
(Dionys. Deinarch. 1), viz. that one was a poet of ground. Shortly after this, Philopoemen was
Delos, who lived previous to the time of the taken prisoner by the Messenians, and Deinocrates
orator, and wrote poems on Bacchic subjects (comp. was prominent among those who caused him to be
Euseb. Chron, Dccxx. ; Cyrill. c. Julian. x. p. put to death. In the ensuing year the authors of
341); the second, a Cretan, made a collection of the revolt were obliged to yield to the wishes of
Cretan legends; and the third wrote a work upon the Messenian people for peace, and Lycortas, the
Homer. Whether any of these is the same as the Achaean general
, baving been admitted into the
one who, according to Nemesins (de Natur. Hom. / city, commanded the execution of Deinocrates and
4), taught, with Aristoxenus, that the human soul the chiefs of his party; but Deinocrates anticipated
was nothing but a harnony, is uncertain. [L. S. ] ! the sentence by suicide. His qualifications as a
## p. 952 (#972) ############################################
952
DEINOMACHUS.
DEINOSTRATUS.
statesman werc, according to Polybius, of the most DEINO'MENES (Acivouévms). 1. Father of
superficial character. In political foresight, for in- Gelon, Hiero, and Thrasybulus, succesively tyrants
btince, he was utterly deficient. (Polyb. xxiv. 5, of Syracuse. (Herod. vii. 145; Pind. Pyth. i.
12 ; Liv. xxxix. 49; Plut. Philop. 18—21, Flam. | 154, ii. 34. )
20; Paus. iv. 29. )
[E. E. ) 2. One of the guards of Hieronymus, king of
DEINOCRATES (Aeivokpátos), a most dis- Syracuse, in the plot against whose life he joined.
tinguished Macedonian architect in the time of When llieronymus had marched into Leontini,
Alexander the Great. He was the architect of the and had arrived opposite the house where the
new temple of Artemis at Ephesus, which was built murderers were posted, Deinomenes, who was close
after the destruction of the former temple by Hero- behind him, stopped under pretence of extricating
stratus. (CHERSIHron. ) He was employed by his foot from a knot which confined it, and thus
Alexander, whom he accompanied into Egypt, in the checked the advance of the multitude, and separated
building of Alexandria. Deinocrates laid out the the king from his guards. The assassins then
ground and erected several of the principal buildings. rushed on Hieronymus and slew him. (1. c. 215. )
Besides the works which he actually crected, he llis attendants turned their weapons against Dei-
formed a design for cutting mount Athos into a nomenes, but he escaped with a few wounds, and
blatue of Alexander, to whom he presented his was soon after elected by the Syracusans one of
plan upon his accession to the throne; but the their generals. (Liv. xxiv. 7, 23. ) [E. E. ]
king forbad the execution of the project. The DEINOMENES (Aervouévns), a statuary,
right hand of the figure wog to have held a city, whose statues of lo, the daughter of Inachus, and
and in the left there would have been a basin, in Callisto, the daughter of Lycaon, stood in the
which the water of all the mountain streams was Acropolis at Athens in the time of Pausanias,
to pour, and thence into the sea. Another curious (Paus. i. 25. § 1. ) Pliny (xxxiv. 8. s. 19) men-
work which he did not live to finish, is mentioned tions him among the artists who flourished in the
undei Arsixoe (pp. 366, 367] : this fixes the 95th Olympiad, B. C. 400, and adds, that he made
time of the architect's death. The so-called mo- statues of Protesilaüs and Pythodemus the wres-
nument of Hephaestion by Deinocrates was only tier. (17. “ 15. ) Tatian mentions a statue by him
a funeral pile (atupá, Diod. xvii. 115), though a of Besantis, queen of the Paeonians. (Orat. ad
very magnificent one. It formed a pyramid, rising Graec. 53, p. 116, ed. Worth.
) His name appears
in successive terraces, all adorned with great on a base, the statue belonging to which is lost.
magnificence. (Plin. v. 10, s. 11, vii. 37, s. 38, (Bockh, Corp. Inscrip. i. No. 470. ) [P. S. ]
xxxiv. 14, s. 42; Vitruv. i. 1. $ 4, ii. praef. ; Strab. DEINON (Aclvwv), one of the chief men of
xir. pp. 640, 641 ; Val. Max. i. 4, ext. 1 ; Amm. Rhodes, who, when the war broke out between
Marc. xxii. 16 ; Solin. 35, 43; Plut. Alex. 72, de Perseus and the Romans (B. C. 171), rainly en-
Aler. l'irt. ii. S ? ; Lucian, pro Imaq. 9, de con-
deavoured to induce his countrymen to pay no
scrii. Hist. 12; Tzetz. Chil. viii. 199, xi. 367. ) regard to the letter which C. Lucretius had sent to
There is immense confusion among these writers ask for ships, and which Deinon pretended was a
about the architect's name. Pliny calls him Dino- forgery of their enemy Eumenes, king of Pergamus,
chares, or, according to some of the MSS. , Tymo- designed to involve them in a ruinous war. But,
chares or Timocrates ; Strabo has Xelpokpáns; though he failed on this occasion, he still kept up
Plutarch, Itaoikpatns; and, among other varia- a strong opposition to the Roman party.
tions, Eustathius (ad Hom. Il. &. 229) calls him | 167, after the defeat of Perseus, the Rhodians de-
Diocles of Rhegium.
[P. S. ] livered him up to the Romans by way of propi-
DEINOʻLOCHUS (Aervóxoxos), a comic poet tiating them. Polybius calls him a bold and
of Syracuse or Agrigentum, was, according to covetons adventurer, and censures him for what he
some, the son, according to others, the disciple, of considers an unmanly clinging to life after the ruin
Epicharmus. He lived about B. c. 488, and wrote of his fortunes. (Polyb. xxvii. 6,11, xxviii. 2, xxix.
fourteen plass in the Doric dialect, about which 5, xxx. 6-8 ; Liv. xliv. 23, 29, xlv. 22. ) [E. E. ]
we only know, from a few titles. that some of them DEINON or DINON (Δείνων, Δίνων), father
were on mythological subjects. (Suid. s. . ; Fabric. of Cleitarchus, ihe historian of Alexander's expedi-
Bibl. Graec. ii. p. 436; Grysar, de Doriens. Com. tion. He wrote a history of Persia, to which C.
i. p. 81. )
[P. S. ] Nepos (Con. 5) refers as the most trustworthy
DELKO'MACHA (Aelvouáxn), daughter of authority on the subject. He had, however, a
Megacles, the head of the Alcmaeonidae, grand large fund of credulity, if we may trust Pliny.
daugliter of Cleisthenes, and mother of Alcibiades. | (H. N. X. 49. ) He is quoted also in the following
(Plut. Alc. l; Athen. 1, p. 219, c. ; Ael. 1. H. passages :— Plut. Alex. 36, Arlax. 1, 6, 9, 10, 13,
ii. l; see also AlcIBIADES, p. 99, a. , and the pas- 19, 22, Them. 27; Athen. ii. p. 67, b. , ir. p.
sages there referred to. )
[E. E. ] 146, c. , xi. p. 503, f. , xiii. pp. 556, b. , 560, f. ,
DEINO'MACHUS (Aetvbuayos), a philoso- 609, a. , xiv. pp. 633, d. , 652, b. ; Cic. de Dir. i.
pher, who agreed with Calliphon in considering the 23 ; Ael. H. A. xvii. 10, 1. II. vii. i. ; Diog.
chief good to consist in the union of virtue with Laërt. i. 8, ix. 50, in which two passages we also
bodily pleasure, which Cicero calls a joining of the find the erroneous reading Aíw. [E. E. )
man with the beast. The doctrine is thus further DEIXOʻSTRATUS (Aevootpatos), a geometer.
explained by Clement of Alexandria :- Pleasure He is stated by Proclus to have been the brother
and virtue are both of them ends to man; but of Menaechmus, and a contemporary and follower
pleasure is so from the first, while virtue only becomes of Plato. (Comm. in Eucl. c. iv. ) The two bro-
80 after experience. (Cic. de Fin. v. 8, de Off. in. thers, according to Proclus, made the whole of geo-
33, Tusc. Quaest. v. 30; Clem. Alex. Strom. ii. metry niore perfect ( Tenewtépav) than before.
21. ) The Deinomachus, whom Lucian introduces Pappus (lib. iv. prop. 25) has handed down the
in the Philopseudes, is of course a different person, curve which is called the quadratrir of Deinostra-
and possibly a fictitious character. (E. E. ] tus for squaring the circle, which Nicomedes and
In B. C.
## p. 953 (#973) ############################################
DEIOCES.
953
DEIOCES
others afterwards used. This curve is made by | within two or three years ; and, moreover, the
the intersection of a revolving radius of a circle date of the capture of Sardis is disputed, some
with a line moving perpendicular to the first posi- bringing it as low as B. C. 542.
tion of that radius, both moving uniformly, and A ditficulty still remains. Hcrodotus mentions
so that the extremity of the moving perpendicular an interregnum, and it seems from his language
descends from the circumference to the centre to have been not a short one, between the revolt
while the revolving radius describes a right angle. of the Medes and the accession of Dežoces; and he
[A. DE M. ] is supposed to give the sum total of the Median
DEʻIOCES (Aniówns), the founder of the Me- i rule as 156 years. With reference to the former
dian empire, according to lerodotus, who states point, it may be supposed that the 53 years assign-
that, after the Assyrians had held the empire of | ed to Deroces include the interregnum, a supposi-
Upper Asia 520 years, various nations revolted tion extremely probable from the length of the pe-
from them, and first of all the Medes. Soon after riod, especially as the character which Deioces had
this, Deioces, the son of Phraortes, a wise man gained before his accession makes it most unlikely
among the Medes, desiring the tyranny, becainc that he was a very young man; and, on the other
1
an arbitrator for his own village; and the fame of | hand, the Scriptural chronology forbids our carry-
his justice attracted to him suitors from all quar- ing up the revolt of the Medes higher than B. C.
