- his
Christian
Marriage) (7th
ed.
ed.
Warner - World's Best Literature - v26 to v30 - Tur to Zor and Index
Mrs.
Norton.
Her
songs and lyrics are collected into a volume
bearing date 1895, her son being the editor.
Duffield, Samuel Willoughby. An Ameri-
can clergyman; born in Brooklyn, N. Y. , in
1843; died in Bloomfield, N. J. , May 12, 1887.
Under the pen name of “Anselmus » he con-
tributed to the Evangelist. His publications,
in part, are : (The Heavenly Land, from the
De Contemptu Mundi) of Bernard de Mor-
laix (1868); (Warp and Woof' (1870); "Eng.
lish Hymns, their Authors and History' (1886);
and Latin Hymn-Writers) (1887).
Dufresny, Charles de la Rivière (dü-fră-nē).
A French poet (1654-1724); born at Paris. He
was great-grandson of Henry IV. 's favorite, la
belle jardinière d’Anet," and was given lucra-
tive offices by Louis XIV. He was a reckless
spendthrift, and often reduced to want. His
comedies, though weak in construction and
character-drawing, are very lively in dialogue,
especially (The Spirit of Contradiction); 'The
Double Widowhood"; "The Village Flirt';
( The Match Made and Unmade. He wrote
also a volume of Divers Poems'; one of
(Historical Tales); and (Serious and Comic
Amusements of a Siamese, which suggested
Montesquieu's (Persian Letters.
Duganne, Augustine Joseph Hickey. An
American poet and prose-writer; born in Bos-
ton, 1823; died in New York, Oct. 20, 1884.
His poems were patriotic, political, and senti-
mental. His prose comprised philosophical,
historical, and dramatic works. He published :
(Hand Poems) (1844); (A Comprehensive
Summary of General Philosophy) (1845); (The
Iron Harp' (1847); 'The Lydian Queen (1848);
(MDCCCXLVIII (1849); "Parnassus in Pillory)
(1851); (A Class Book of Government and
Civil Society) (1859); Fighting Quakers)
(1866); and others.
Dugdale, William, Sir. A celebrated Eng.
lish antiquarian ; born at Shustoke, Warwick-
shire, Sept. 12, 1605; died there, Feb. 10,
1686. In 1638 he was created pursuivant-at-
arms extraordinary. A royalist in the civil
war, he was knighted by Charles II. at the
Restoration. His monumental work is the
a
## p. 155 (#171) ############################################
DUGUAY-TROUIN – DU MAURIER
155
(Monasticon Anglicanum' (1655), reissued with
additions 1817-30 and 1846; a mine of informa-
tion on the history and biography of English
cathedrals, and English history in general.
Among his other works are : (The Antiquities
of Warwickshire) (1656); (Short View of the
Late Troubles in England (1681).
Duguay-Trouin, René (dü-gā'trö-an'). A
French naval commander of the first distinc-
tion; born in St. Malo, June 10, 1673; died in
Paris, Sept. 27, 1736. In his Memoirs,' pub.
lished surreptitiously in 1730, but with authority
ten years later, he relates, with becoming mod.
esty, the series of events which gave him such
heroic proportions as a conqueror on the sea.
Duhring, Julia. An American essayist ;
born in Philadelphia, Feb. 23, 1836. She has
been an extensive traveler in the United States,
Europe, Asia, and Africa; and published two
volumes of critical essays on social life, the
titles to which are: Philosophers and Fools)
(1874); (Gentlefolks and Others ); (Amor in
Society); Mental Life and Culture. '
Dulaurens, Henri Joseph (dü-lor-an'). A
French satirical poet and novelist; born at
Douai, in 1719; died at Marienbourg, Belgium,
in 1797 (1787? ). He wrote with his friend
Groubenthal the Jesuitics (1761 : modeled on
Demosthenes's Philippics') against the Jesu-
its; but executed a more enduring task in the
"Jesuit Priest (or Companion) Matthew) (Com-
père Mathieu : 1776), a novel of genuine literary
merit, and of great vogue even within a recent
time.
Dulk, Albert Friedrich Benno (dülk). A
German dramatist and polemic prose-writer ;
born in Königsberg, June 17, 1819; died in
Stuttgart, Oct. 30, 1884. His (Arla) (1844);
Jesus the Christ) (1865); Lea) (1874); and
other dramas, are rich in subtleties and in
powerful appeals to the loftier side of human
nature, but lack poetic feeling. He advocates
a new religious evolution, as against Christian-
ity, in (Beast or Man ? " (1872); "What Is
to be Expected from the Christian Church ? )
(1877); and other like argumentative works.
Duller, Eduard (düller). A German poet
and historian (1809-53); born at Vienna. His
drama Master Pilgram' was produced with
success at 17, and followed by (The Swan
Song of Revenge, a tragedy (1834). He was
a passionate champion of free thought; this
made Vienna under Metternich too warm for
him, and he lived at Munich, Trier, and other
places. The lyric poem Prince of Love)
(1842), and the volume of Collected Poems)
(1845), are his least polemic and literarily best
works. His novels are pompous. He wrote a
"History of the German People, and a (His-
tory of the Jesuits. )
Dulles, John Welch. An American clergy.
man and editor; born in Philadelphia, Nov.
+, 1823; died there, April 13, 1887. Prince-
ton gave him the degree of D. D. in 1871. He
was the author of Life in India) (1855);
(The Soldier's Friend' (1861); and (The Ride
through Palestine) (1881).
Dumanoir, Philippe (dü-män - wär'). A
French playwright (1806–65); born at Pau. He
wrote, alone or in collaboration, some 200 vau-
devilles. Of his own solely, there may be cited :
(The Marquise de Prétintaille); (The Lambs'
School); ( Terrible Women); (The Childless
House. The famous actress Déjazet found
many of her best rôles in his pieces.
Dumas, Alexandre, the Elder (dü-mä). A
celebrated French romancist and dramatist;
born at Villers Cotterets, Aisne, July 24, 1803 (? );
died near Dieppe, Dec. 5, 1870. He was grand-
son of a French marquis and a San Domingo
negress. A few of the great multitude of his
famous romances are: (The Count of Monte
Cristo' (1844); (The Three Musketeers) (1844);
(Twenty Years After) (1845); (The Knight of
Maison-Rouge) (1846); (Viscount de Brage-
lonne (1847); (Queen Margot) (1847). Many
of his stories were of great length, six to twelve
volumes. Besides pure fiction he wrote a num-
ber of historical romances, as (Joan of Arc)
(1842); Michelangelo and Raffaelle) (1846);
(Louis XIV, and his Age) (1847). His plays,
which had extraordinary success, include :
(Henri III. and his Court) (1829); (Antony)
(1831); (Charles VII. with his Grand Vassals)
(1831); Napoleon Bonaparte) (1831); Malle.
de Belle-Isle) (1839); Marriage under Louis
XV. (1841); (The Misses St. Cyr) (1843).
Nearly all his novels were put on the stage
also. He wrote entertaining narratives of his
travels in Switzerland, Italy, Germany, Spain,
North Africa, Egypt, Syria, etc.
Dumas, Alexandre, the Younger. A great
French dramatist and romancist, son of the
preceding; born at Paris, July 27 or 28, 1824;
died Nov. 28, 1895. He published a small vol-
ume of poems, “Sins of Youth, at 17. Accom-
panying his father in travels through Spain
and Northern Africa, on his return he pub-
lished his first romance : (Story of Four Women
and a Parrot) (6 vols. 1847), which found little
favor. Among his romances are: (A Woman's
Romance); (Cesarine); (Camille) (La Dame
aux Camélias); all in 1848. His dramas in-
clude: Diana de Lys) (1853) and (The Demi-
Monde) (1855). He also wrote the romance
(The Clémenceau Case! (1864), dramatized
under the same name; the pamphlets : Women
Murderers and Women Voters) (1872); (The
Divorce Question) (1880); and the dramatic
pieces : “The Natural Son' (1858); 'The Friend
of Women) (1864); (Claude's Wife) (1873);
(The Danicheffs) (1876); Joseph Balsamo)
(1878); (Francillon (1887); and others. *
Du Maurier, George Louis Palmella Bus-
son (dü-mõ-ryā'). The famous delineator of
English society in Punch, and in later years a
novelist; born in Paris, March 6, 1834; died in
London, Oct. 8, 1896. In his childhood his
parents settled in London. He began in 1850
to study art in London, Paris, and Antwerp;
returning to London he was employed on the
## p. 156 (#172) ############################################
156
DUMERSAN – DUPANLOUP
illustrated periodicals, and from 1864 to his Dunlap, William. An American dramatist
death was of the regular staff of Punch. He and painter; born at Perth Amboy, N. J. , Feb.
wrote and illustrated three stories: (Peter Ib- 19, 1706; died at New York, Sept. 28, 1839.
betson' (1891); ' Trilby' (1894); 'The Martian He painted George Washington's portrait, still
897).
authentically existent, and for five years (1784-
Dumersan, Théophile Marion (dü. mār-san').
89) worked under llest in London. Returning,
A French playwright (1780-1849); born near
he wrote several successful plays, including:
Issoudun. He was employed in the Paris mint.
(The Father' (1789), a comedy; Leicester
He wrote many plays, all marked by keen ob-
(1794), a tragedy; (André) (1798), a tragedy.
servation and comic spirit. His Angel and
He also published: Life of George Frederick
Devil, a five-act drama, had a "runof over
Cooke) (1813); Life of Charles Brockden
100 presentations; still more successful was his
Brown' (1815); (History of the American The-
Mountebanks,' his masterpiece and a classic
atre) (1832); “History of the Rise and Progress
in its kind. Other very successful plays written
of the Art of Design in the United States)
by him are: (The Wigmaker, or Heads à la
(1834); and similar works. He was one of the
Titus); Ridiculous Englishwomen. Worthy
founders of the National Academy of Design.
of mention is his volume of National and Dunlop, John. A Scottish song-writer ; born
Popular Songs of France. )
in Carmyle, Lanarkshire (? ), November 1755;
Dumont, Julia Louisa. An American prose
died at Port Glasgow, Sept. 4, 1820. Convivial
and verse writer; born in Waterford, O. , Octo-
and prosperous, those qualities are reflected in
ber 1794; died at Vevay, Ind. , Jan. 2, 1857. She
his (Oh Dinna Ask Me Gin I Lo'e Ye) and
has the distinction of being one of the earliest
similar lines, all sung with enthusiasm by Scots.
women of the West whose writings have been Dunlop, John Colin. An important Scotch
preserved. She contributed largely to period- literary historian, son of John; born near Glas-
icals both in prose and verse. A collection of
gow, 1786 (? ); died at Edinburgh in February
her writings was published in a volume, Life 1842 (not 1834). His History of Fiction (1814)
Sketches from Common Paths) (1850).
broke much new ground, and remains authori.
Dunbar, Paul Laurence. An American
tative despite manifold efforts to impeach it;
negro poet; born in Ohio in 1872. He is a
besides which his History of Roman Liter-
resident of Dayton, O. He has published Lyr-
ature (1823-28), and like studies, are character.
ics of Lowly Life, which have received con-
ized by discernment and scholarship.
siderable praise.
Dunning, Annie (Ketchum). (“Nellie Gra-
Dunbar, William. A renowned Scottish
ham. ”) An American story-writer; born in
poet ; born at Salton in Lothian, about 1465 (? );
New York, Nov. 2, 1831. Her first story, Clem-
died about 1530 (? ). He was a Franciscan
entina's Mirror,' appeared in 1857. She later
friar, but was often employed by James IV. in
wrote Contradictions) and Broken Pitchers. '
affairs of State. Among his works is the pane- Dunraven, Wyndham Thomas Wyndham-
gyric poem “The Thistle and the Rose,' written Quin, Fourth Earl of. An Irish journalist,
(1503) on the marriage of James with Margaret statesman, and author; born at Adare Abbey,
of England; (The Golden Targe) (1508), con- Ireland, Feb. 12, 1841. After graduating from
sisting of allegories in the fashion of the time Oxford he entered the army; but left it in 1867
and of Chaucer, among them a poem on (The for journalism, being war correspondent for
Dance of the Seven Deadly Sins through Hell. ? the Daily Telegraph in Abyssinia, and after-
He is at his best in burlesque poetry, as witness wards in the Franco-Prussian War. He was
the autobiographical “Visitation of St. Francis. under-secretary for the colonies in Lord Salis-
He is as rich in fancy as Spenser; as homely bury's administrations. Of recent years he has
and shrewd as Chaucer in the Miller's Tale); been conspicuous as a yachtsman, having twice
as pious as Cowper in his hymns; and as wittily been challenger for the American Cup. Be-
grotesque as Burns in Death and Dr. Horn- sides various magazine articles on hunting, he
book. ) » *
has published : (The Great Divide); Notes on
Duncker, Dora (dünk'er). A German story-
Irish Architecture); (The Soudan: Its History,
writer and humorist; born March 28, 1855.
Geography, and Characteristics.
The conceits (Incurable) (1893), “The Sphinx, Duns Scotus, Joannes (duns skö'tus). A
and other tales and comedies, have succeeded; Scotch metaphysician, head of the Schoolmen,
while in Modern Masters) (1883) she has called “the subtle doctor"); born in Scotland
evolved excellent character studies.
(? ), 1265 or 1274; died at Cologne (? ), Nov. 8,
Duncker, Max Wolfgang. A German his-
1 308 (? ). His opposition to the Thomists or
adherents of Thomas Aquinas was spirited.
torian; born in Berlin, Oct. 15, 1811; died in
Anspach, July 21, 1886. Politics interested him
He wrote an 'Exposition of Aristotelian Phys-
in early years, but his later energies were given
ics); Questions on Aristotle's Work on the
Soul); and similar works. The word dunce,
to elaborate historical investigations, of which
the best fruits are: (The Crisis of the Refor-
in its present application, probably comes from
mation) (1845); (Feudalism and Aristocracy)
his name used ironically.
(1858); and the masterpiece (Ancient History) Dupanloup, Félix Antoine Philippe (dü-
(1852-57).
pon-lö'). An eminent French controversialist
## p. 157 (#173) ############################################
1
DUPATY — D'URFEY
157
and prelate; born in St. Felix, Savoy, Jan. 3,
1802; died near Grenoble, Oct. II, 1878. He
became Bishop of Orleans; wrote on educa-
tion and faith.
- his Christian Marriage) (7th
ed. 1885); (History of our Savior Jesus Christ)
(1869); (Intellectual Higher Education (1866),
etc. , attracting great attention. He headed the
movement to canonize Joan of Arc.
Dupaty, Emmanuel (dü-pä-te'). A French
poet (1775-1851); born at Blanquefort. His
light comedies and vaudevilles gave delight
on every stage with their sparkle of wit and
their lively dialogue. Of his many pieces,
(The Military Prison' is esteemed the best.
Informers,' a satiric poem, and (The Art of
Poetry,' are works of great merit.
Duperron, Jacques Davy, Cardinal (dü-per-
rôn'). A French theologian, Pietist, and mis-
cellaneous writer; born at St. Lô, Normandy,
or at Bern, Switzerland, 1556; died in Paris,
1618. He was the son of a Protestant minister,
but was converted to Catholicism in his youth
and had a distinguished ecclesiastical career.
(A Treatise on the Sacrament of the Eucha.
rist) is his most celebrated prose effort; as a
poet he is remembered for the verses styled
(The Temple of Inconstancy. '
Dupont, Pierre (di-pôi”). A French popu-
lar poet (1821-701; born at Lyons. He came
to Paris in 1839, and wrote Legitimist odes
which the newspapers published. His poem
(The Two Angels) won the Academy's prize
in 1842, and he got employment on its (Dic-
tionary. Then he won wide popularity with
six songs for the people. He was above all
things the poet of peasant life. After the Feb.
ruary Revolution he was converted to socialism,
and his "Song of the Nations,' (Song of the
Workmen? (now known as the “Workmen's
Marseillaise)), etc. , are socialist pamphlets in
verse. His native city erected a statue to him.
Dupont de Nemours, Pierre Samuel (dü-
pon dé nā-mör'). French economist; born
in Paris, Dec. 14, 1739; died near Wilmington,
Del. , Aug. 6, 1817. He was a Physiocrat, or
adherent of Quesnay's theory that all value is
derived from land; and strove to propagate
this system in 'Physiocratie) (1768). Later he
became involved in the French Revolution,
took refuge in the United States, and founded a
great manufacturing house. His writings were
neglected till Jevons, the Duke of Argyll, and
later Henry George, revived the old Physio-
cratic idea.
Dupuy, Eliza Ann. An American story-
writer; born in Petersburg, Va. , about 1814;
died in New Orleans, January 1881. (The Con-
spirators, her first novel, has Aaron Burr as
the principal character. Most of her stories,
about forty in number, were published in the
New York Ledger.
Duran, Agustin (dö-rän'). A distinguished
Spanish critic (1789-1862), who had a decisive
influence on recent Spanish literature. His first
work, anonymous, (On the Decadence of the
Spanish Theatre) (1828), led to the reform of
the Spanish stage and its liberation from the
French yoke. Of still greater service in arous-
ing love for the native poesy was his Collec-
tion of Romanceros and Balladists) (5 vols. ,
1828-32). As a poet he won greatest distinc-
tion by his poem of chivalry (The Three
Citrons in the Garden of Love) (1856), written
in 15th-century Castilian.
Durand, Alice. See Gréville, Henry.
Durandi, Jacopo (dü-rän'dē). An Italian
dramatic poet and historian; born in Sant'
Agata, Vercelli, July 25, 1737; died in Turin,
Oct. 28, 1817. Armida) (1770) and (Hannibal
in Turin (1771) are his best-known plays; his
other gift displays itself in a (History of the
Ancient Peoples of Italy) (1769).
Durant, Gilles (dü-ron'). A French poet ;
born in Clermont, 1554; died at Paris, 1615 (? ).
He tried his hand at every species of metrical
composition, -odes, elegies, sonnets, and imi-
tations of the Psalms; but his important work
is contained in a "Menippean Satire,' written
to ridicule the League against Henry IV. ,-
the sub-title being 'Lamentation for a Leagued
Ass, that Died in 1990, when the States Were
in Session.
Duranti, Durante, Count (dö-rän'tē). An
Italian poet and orator (1718-80); born at
Brescia. Among his poetical writings, all char-
acterized by wit and refined taste, the best is
the didactic poem 'Use,' in which he portrays
his hero in the three periods of bachelor, hus-
band, and widower. He wrote two tragedies,
(Virginia' (1764) and Attilius Regulus) (1771);
and a volume, Rime,' containing miscellaneous
a
L
verse.
(
Duras, Claire Lechat de Kersaint, Duchess
of (dü-rä'). A French novelist; born in Brest,
1777; died in Paris, 1828. Well born, accom-
plished, and brilliantly married, she was seized
with the sentimental sickness of the day, and
wrote (Qurika) (1823), the tale of a negress
who fell in love with a white man; and (Ed-
ward) (1825), a novel in which it was the
gentleman's turn to throw his heart in an in-
discreet direction.
Durbin, John Price. An American clergy-
man and miscellaneous writer; born in Bour.
bon County, Ky. , in 1800; died in New York
city, Oct. 17, 1876. He contributed extensively
to current literature, and was the author of
(Observations in Europe, Principally in France
and Great Britain) (2 vols. , 1844); and (Obser-
vations in Egypt, Palestine, Syria, and Asia
Minor) (2 vols. , 1845).
D'Urfey, Thomas, usually called Tom. An
English dramatist and poet; born in Exeter,
1653; died in London (? ), Feb. 26, 1723. He
was a good-natured, simple-hearted, thoroughly
vulgar and unliterary writer. His dramas, com-
edies, operas, tragedies, and songs, are exactly
like what Sancho Panza would have written
if he had
to letters Many, like (The
Siege of Memphis) (1676), an extravagant
## p. 158 (#174) ############################################
158
DURINGSFELD - DUYCKINCK
(
tragedy, and (The Plotting Sisters) (1691), a
comedy, are vestured in a regal pomp of verbi-
age; others, like the (Songs Complete) (1699),
are of virginal simplicity, but not of virginal
modesty.
Düringsfeld, Ida von (dör'ings-feld). A Ger.
man story-teller (1815-76); born at Militsch in
Lower Silesia. Her (Poems) (1835) and the
cycle of stories (The Star of Andalusia) (1838)
were issued under the pseudonym “Thekla,"
and yearly volumes thereafter anonymously or
pseudonymously; (The Women of Byron) ap-
peared in her own name in 1845, when she
married Otto von Reinsberg. Extensive travels
later bore fruit in numerous stories, collections
of national songs, descriptions of national
usages, etc. ; all were highly prized, including
in the latter line : (Proverbs of German and
Roumanian Speech' (2 vols. , 1872-75); and
(The Wedding Book : Usages and Beliefs Re-
garding the Wedding among the Christian
Nations of Europe) (1871).
Durivage, Francis Alexander. An Ameri-
can author, nephew of Edward Everett ; born
in Boston, Mass. , 1814; died in 1881. He con-
tributed light literature in prose and verse to
magazines; wrote novelettes ; and jointly with
W. S. Chase translated Lamartine's History
of the Revolution of 1848. He was also author
of several plays, and of Life Scenes from the
World around Us) (1853); (Cyclopædia of His-
tory); and (The Fatal Casket.
Duruy, Georges (dü-rüe'). A French writer
on history; born in 1853, at Paris, where he
became professor of French literature in the
Polytechnic School in 1891. He wrote some
novels that became popular favorites, as “The
Lifeguard); (A Soul's Victory); (Dream-End. '
His principal historical works are: “History of
Turenne); (Short Popular History of France. )
His Cardinal Carlo Carafa: a Study on the
Pontificate of Paul IV. (1883) was crowned
by the Academy.
Duruy, Victor. A distinguished French his-
torian; born at Paris, Sept. 11, 1811 ; died 1894.
He assisted Napoleon III. in compiling (The
Life of Julius Cæsar, and was made minister
of public instruction in 1863. Among his his-
torical works are: (History of the Romans)
(2 vols. , 1843); (State of the Roman World
toward the Time of the Founding of the Em-
pire) (1853); (General Introduction to the His-
tory of France) (1865); History of the Greeks)
(3 vols. , 1886). He also wrote the greater part
of a (Universal History. His works have been
translated in part under Professor Mahaffy's
editorship. *
Dutra É Mello, Antonio Francisco (dö'trä
ā mel'o). A Brazilian poet; born in Rio Janeiro,
Aug. 8, 1823; died Feb. 22, 1843. His verses
are considered among the best of South Amer-
ican poetry. Among his choicest works are :
(A'noite Inspiracão Poetica); (A’noite de S.
Toão); and Historia Critica da Lingua Latina. '
Dutt, Toru (dot). A Hindow poet (1856-77).
She received a good European education, and
had the advantage of four years' travel in the
West. She translated into English many French
poems,- from Béranger, Gautier, Coppée, etc. ,
-- and a collection of these was published as
(A Sheaf Gleaned in French Fields) (1876).
She also rendered into English some of the
Ancient Ballads of Hindustan. She wrote in
French a story : Miss d'Arvers's Diary *
Duval, Alexandre (dü-väl'). A French
dramatist (1767-1842); born at Rennes. He
served in the French fleet during the American
Revolutionary War, and on his return to France
was an engineer and architect; but finally de-
voted himself to writing plays which won great
favor from their skillful construction, interesting
situations, and fine dialogue. The best are:
(Edward in Scotland ); (The Domestic Ty.
rant); (The Chevalier of Industry. He wrote
the text of the very successful opera Joseph
in Egypt.
Duvar, John Hunter. See Hunter-Duvar.
Duvergier d'Hauranne, Prosper (dü-verzh-
yā' dõ-rän'). A French political writer; born
in Rouen, Aug. 3, 1798; died in Paris, May 19
or 22, 1881. Prominent in politics, his writings
reflect his opinions; particularly his Princi-
ples of Representative Government! (1838)
and History of Parliamentary Government in
France) (1857-73).
Duveyrier, Charles (dü-vā-ryā'). A French
dramatist (1803-66); born at Paris. He was a
disciple of Saint-Simon, and passed a year in
jail for a newspaper article on Woman's Place
under the Saint-Simonian system. From un-
successful he grew to be a successful play.
wright, especially in collaboration. Of the 300
or more pieces which bear his name, there may
be mentioned: (Frontin the Husband-Bache-
lor); Valerie, in which Malle. Mars made a
brilliant success; (The Cat Metamorphosed into
a Woman); (Figaro's Daughter); “The Burgo-
master of Saardam.
Dux, Adolf (döx). A Hungaro-German poet
(1822-81); born at Poszony (Presburg). He
made admirable versions of Hungarian poems
and novels into German, including those of
Katona, Arany, Jókai, Gyulai, and Eötvös. He
was the first to translate Petöfi's Select Poems.
His own works comprise novels and studies in
literary history.
Duyckinck, Evert Augustus. An American
author; born in New York city, Nov. 23, 1816;
died there, Aug. 13, 1878. Graduating from
Columbia College, he studied law, was admitted
to the bar in 1837, and went to Europe for a
year, after which he devoted himself to litera.
ture, in which he was fertile and successful.
In 1847 he edited the Literary World. In 1854,
with his brother George, he prepared the 'Cy-
clopædia of American Literature ) (2 vols. ,
1855; enlarged eds. 1865 and 1875). He was
a voluminous and successful writer, and added
much to the literature of his times. His last
work was the preparation, with William Cullen
Bryant, of an edition of Shakespeare.
## p. 159 (#175) ############################################
DUYCKINCK – DZIERZKOVSKI
159
3
1
Duyckinck, George Long. An American
prose-writer; born in New York, Oct. 17, 1823;
died there, March 30, 1863. He graduated at
the University of New York in 1843, and was
admitted to the bar, but did not practice. With
his brother Evert he edited the Literary World
and prepared the "Cyclopædia of American
Literature); he also wrote several biographies.
Duyse, Prudens van (doi'ze). A Flemish
poet (1804-59); born at Dendermonde. He
was a very prolific author, and wrote poems of
every kind, - epic, lyric, dramatic. They are
all mediocre, but served to reawaken a love of
the Flemish tongue. He wrote many valuable
works on Flemish history.
Dwight, John Sullivan. An American mu-
sical critic; born at Boston, May 13, 1813; died
Sept. 5, 1893. After two years in the Unitarian
ministry, he became one of the founders of
Brook Farm, and was editor of its organ the
Harbinger. In 1852 he established Dwight's
Journal of Music, in which appeared most of
his scholarly musical criticisms. His best-
known poem is "God Save the State. *
Dwight, Theodore. An American journal-
ist, brother of Timothy; born Dec. 15, 1764;
died June 12, 1846. He was a well-known
Federalist, a Member of Congress, and wrote
History of the Hartford Convention (of 1814)
and Character of Thomas Jefferson.
Dwight, Theodore. An American miscel.
laneous prose-writer, son of Theodore; born
March 3, 1796; died Oct. 16, 1866. He wrote
'Tour in Italy); (Summer Tour in New Eng.
land”; (The Northern Traveler); 'The Kan-
sas War); Life of Garibaldi); besides gazet-
teers, histories, and school-books.
Dwight, Timothy. An American Congre.
gational clergyman of great distinction; born
in Northampton, Mass. , May 14, 1752; died in
New Haven, Conn. , Jan. II, 1817. He was
president of Yale College from 1795 to 1817,
and was a very conspicuous figure in theology
and education. His “Theology Explained and
Defended consists of a course of 173 sermons
which has passed through as many as a hun-
dred editions. In addition to theological works
he wrote “Essay on Light); (Observations on
Language);(Travels in New England and New
York,' which is still widely quoted. He also
wrote verse : an epic called (The Conquest of
Canaan); Greenfield Hill,' a pastoral; “The
Triumph of Infidelity,' a satire.
Dwight, Timothy. An American Congre-
gational clergyman; born in Norwich, Conn. ,
Nov. 16, 1828 ; grandson of Timothy Dwight.
He is now president of Yale University, to
which post he was elected in 1886. He was
one of the members of the New Testament
Revision Committee.
songs and lyrics are collected into a volume
bearing date 1895, her son being the editor.
Duffield, Samuel Willoughby. An Ameri-
can clergyman; born in Brooklyn, N. Y. , in
1843; died in Bloomfield, N. J. , May 12, 1887.
Under the pen name of “Anselmus » he con-
tributed to the Evangelist. His publications,
in part, are : (The Heavenly Land, from the
De Contemptu Mundi) of Bernard de Mor-
laix (1868); (Warp and Woof' (1870); "Eng.
lish Hymns, their Authors and History' (1886);
and Latin Hymn-Writers) (1887).
Dufresny, Charles de la Rivière (dü-fră-nē).
A French poet (1654-1724); born at Paris. He
was great-grandson of Henry IV. 's favorite, la
belle jardinière d’Anet," and was given lucra-
tive offices by Louis XIV. He was a reckless
spendthrift, and often reduced to want. His
comedies, though weak in construction and
character-drawing, are very lively in dialogue,
especially (The Spirit of Contradiction); 'The
Double Widowhood"; "The Village Flirt';
( The Match Made and Unmade. He wrote
also a volume of Divers Poems'; one of
(Historical Tales); and (Serious and Comic
Amusements of a Siamese, which suggested
Montesquieu's (Persian Letters.
Duganne, Augustine Joseph Hickey. An
American poet and prose-writer; born in Bos-
ton, 1823; died in New York, Oct. 20, 1884.
His poems were patriotic, political, and senti-
mental. His prose comprised philosophical,
historical, and dramatic works. He published :
(Hand Poems) (1844); (A Comprehensive
Summary of General Philosophy) (1845); (The
Iron Harp' (1847); 'The Lydian Queen (1848);
(MDCCCXLVIII (1849); "Parnassus in Pillory)
(1851); (A Class Book of Government and
Civil Society) (1859); Fighting Quakers)
(1866); and others.
Dugdale, William, Sir. A celebrated Eng.
lish antiquarian ; born at Shustoke, Warwick-
shire, Sept. 12, 1605; died there, Feb. 10,
1686. In 1638 he was created pursuivant-at-
arms extraordinary. A royalist in the civil
war, he was knighted by Charles II. at the
Restoration. His monumental work is the
a
## p. 155 (#171) ############################################
DUGUAY-TROUIN – DU MAURIER
155
(Monasticon Anglicanum' (1655), reissued with
additions 1817-30 and 1846; a mine of informa-
tion on the history and biography of English
cathedrals, and English history in general.
Among his other works are : (The Antiquities
of Warwickshire) (1656); (Short View of the
Late Troubles in England (1681).
Duguay-Trouin, René (dü-gā'trö-an'). A
French naval commander of the first distinc-
tion; born in St. Malo, June 10, 1673; died in
Paris, Sept. 27, 1736. In his Memoirs,' pub.
lished surreptitiously in 1730, but with authority
ten years later, he relates, with becoming mod.
esty, the series of events which gave him such
heroic proportions as a conqueror on the sea.
Duhring, Julia. An American essayist ;
born in Philadelphia, Feb. 23, 1836. She has
been an extensive traveler in the United States,
Europe, Asia, and Africa; and published two
volumes of critical essays on social life, the
titles to which are: Philosophers and Fools)
(1874); (Gentlefolks and Others ); (Amor in
Society); Mental Life and Culture. '
Dulaurens, Henri Joseph (dü-lor-an'). A
French satirical poet and novelist; born at
Douai, in 1719; died at Marienbourg, Belgium,
in 1797 (1787? ). He wrote with his friend
Groubenthal the Jesuitics (1761 : modeled on
Demosthenes's Philippics') against the Jesu-
its; but executed a more enduring task in the
"Jesuit Priest (or Companion) Matthew) (Com-
père Mathieu : 1776), a novel of genuine literary
merit, and of great vogue even within a recent
time.
Dulk, Albert Friedrich Benno (dülk). A
German dramatist and polemic prose-writer ;
born in Königsberg, June 17, 1819; died in
Stuttgart, Oct. 30, 1884. His (Arla) (1844);
Jesus the Christ) (1865); Lea) (1874); and
other dramas, are rich in subtleties and in
powerful appeals to the loftier side of human
nature, but lack poetic feeling. He advocates
a new religious evolution, as against Christian-
ity, in (Beast or Man ? " (1872); "What Is
to be Expected from the Christian Church ? )
(1877); and other like argumentative works.
Duller, Eduard (düller). A German poet
and historian (1809-53); born at Vienna. His
drama Master Pilgram' was produced with
success at 17, and followed by (The Swan
Song of Revenge, a tragedy (1834). He was
a passionate champion of free thought; this
made Vienna under Metternich too warm for
him, and he lived at Munich, Trier, and other
places. The lyric poem Prince of Love)
(1842), and the volume of Collected Poems)
(1845), are his least polemic and literarily best
works. His novels are pompous. He wrote a
"History of the German People, and a (His-
tory of the Jesuits. )
Dulles, John Welch. An American clergy.
man and editor; born in Philadelphia, Nov.
+, 1823; died there, April 13, 1887. Prince-
ton gave him the degree of D. D. in 1871. He
was the author of Life in India) (1855);
(The Soldier's Friend' (1861); and (The Ride
through Palestine) (1881).
Dumanoir, Philippe (dü-män - wär'). A
French playwright (1806–65); born at Pau. He
wrote, alone or in collaboration, some 200 vau-
devilles. Of his own solely, there may be cited :
(The Marquise de Prétintaille); (The Lambs'
School); ( Terrible Women); (The Childless
House. The famous actress Déjazet found
many of her best rôles in his pieces.
Dumas, Alexandre, the Elder (dü-mä). A
celebrated French romancist and dramatist;
born at Villers Cotterets, Aisne, July 24, 1803 (? );
died near Dieppe, Dec. 5, 1870. He was grand-
son of a French marquis and a San Domingo
negress. A few of the great multitude of his
famous romances are: (The Count of Monte
Cristo' (1844); (The Three Musketeers) (1844);
(Twenty Years After) (1845); (The Knight of
Maison-Rouge) (1846); (Viscount de Brage-
lonne (1847); (Queen Margot) (1847). Many
of his stories were of great length, six to twelve
volumes. Besides pure fiction he wrote a num-
ber of historical romances, as (Joan of Arc)
(1842); Michelangelo and Raffaelle) (1846);
(Louis XIV, and his Age) (1847). His plays,
which had extraordinary success, include :
(Henri III. and his Court) (1829); (Antony)
(1831); (Charles VII. with his Grand Vassals)
(1831); Napoleon Bonaparte) (1831); Malle.
de Belle-Isle) (1839); Marriage under Louis
XV. (1841); (The Misses St. Cyr) (1843).
Nearly all his novels were put on the stage
also. He wrote entertaining narratives of his
travels in Switzerland, Italy, Germany, Spain,
North Africa, Egypt, Syria, etc.
Dumas, Alexandre, the Younger. A great
French dramatist and romancist, son of the
preceding; born at Paris, July 27 or 28, 1824;
died Nov. 28, 1895. He published a small vol-
ume of poems, “Sins of Youth, at 17. Accom-
panying his father in travels through Spain
and Northern Africa, on his return he pub-
lished his first romance : (Story of Four Women
and a Parrot) (6 vols. 1847), which found little
favor. Among his romances are: (A Woman's
Romance); (Cesarine); (Camille) (La Dame
aux Camélias); all in 1848. His dramas in-
clude: Diana de Lys) (1853) and (The Demi-
Monde) (1855). He also wrote the romance
(The Clémenceau Case! (1864), dramatized
under the same name; the pamphlets : Women
Murderers and Women Voters) (1872); (The
Divorce Question) (1880); and the dramatic
pieces : “The Natural Son' (1858); 'The Friend
of Women) (1864); (Claude's Wife) (1873);
(The Danicheffs) (1876); Joseph Balsamo)
(1878); (Francillon (1887); and others. *
Du Maurier, George Louis Palmella Bus-
son (dü-mõ-ryā'). The famous delineator of
English society in Punch, and in later years a
novelist; born in Paris, March 6, 1834; died in
London, Oct. 8, 1896. In his childhood his
parents settled in London. He began in 1850
to study art in London, Paris, and Antwerp;
returning to London he was employed on the
## p. 156 (#172) ############################################
156
DUMERSAN – DUPANLOUP
illustrated periodicals, and from 1864 to his Dunlap, William. An American dramatist
death was of the regular staff of Punch. He and painter; born at Perth Amboy, N. J. , Feb.
wrote and illustrated three stories: (Peter Ib- 19, 1706; died at New York, Sept. 28, 1839.
betson' (1891); ' Trilby' (1894); 'The Martian He painted George Washington's portrait, still
897).
authentically existent, and for five years (1784-
Dumersan, Théophile Marion (dü. mār-san').
89) worked under llest in London. Returning,
A French playwright (1780-1849); born near
he wrote several successful plays, including:
Issoudun. He was employed in the Paris mint.
(The Father' (1789), a comedy; Leicester
He wrote many plays, all marked by keen ob-
(1794), a tragedy; (André) (1798), a tragedy.
servation and comic spirit. His Angel and
He also published: Life of George Frederick
Devil, a five-act drama, had a "runof over
Cooke) (1813); Life of Charles Brockden
100 presentations; still more successful was his
Brown' (1815); (History of the American The-
Mountebanks,' his masterpiece and a classic
atre) (1832); “History of the Rise and Progress
in its kind. Other very successful plays written
of the Art of Design in the United States)
by him are: (The Wigmaker, or Heads à la
(1834); and similar works. He was one of the
Titus); Ridiculous Englishwomen. Worthy
founders of the National Academy of Design.
of mention is his volume of National and Dunlop, John. A Scottish song-writer ; born
Popular Songs of France. )
in Carmyle, Lanarkshire (? ), November 1755;
Dumont, Julia Louisa. An American prose
died at Port Glasgow, Sept. 4, 1820. Convivial
and verse writer; born in Waterford, O. , Octo-
and prosperous, those qualities are reflected in
ber 1794; died at Vevay, Ind. , Jan. 2, 1857. She
his (Oh Dinna Ask Me Gin I Lo'e Ye) and
has the distinction of being one of the earliest
similar lines, all sung with enthusiasm by Scots.
women of the West whose writings have been Dunlop, John Colin. An important Scotch
preserved. She contributed largely to period- literary historian, son of John; born near Glas-
icals both in prose and verse. A collection of
gow, 1786 (? ); died at Edinburgh in February
her writings was published in a volume, Life 1842 (not 1834). His History of Fiction (1814)
Sketches from Common Paths) (1850).
broke much new ground, and remains authori.
Dunbar, Paul Laurence. An American
tative despite manifold efforts to impeach it;
negro poet; born in Ohio in 1872. He is a
besides which his History of Roman Liter-
resident of Dayton, O. He has published Lyr-
ature (1823-28), and like studies, are character.
ics of Lowly Life, which have received con-
ized by discernment and scholarship.
siderable praise.
Dunning, Annie (Ketchum). (“Nellie Gra-
Dunbar, William. A renowned Scottish
ham. ”) An American story-writer; born in
poet ; born at Salton in Lothian, about 1465 (? );
New York, Nov. 2, 1831. Her first story, Clem-
died about 1530 (? ). He was a Franciscan
entina's Mirror,' appeared in 1857. She later
friar, but was often employed by James IV. in
wrote Contradictions) and Broken Pitchers. '
affairs of State. Among his works is the pane- Dunraven, Wyndham Thomas Wyndham-
gyric poem “The Thistle and the Rose,' written Quin, Fourth Earl of. An Irish journalist,
(1503) on the marriage of James with Margaret statesman, and author; born at Adare Abbey,
of England; (The Golden Targe) (1508), con- Ireland, Feb. 12, 1841. After graduating from
sisting of allegories in the fashion of the time Oxford he entered the army; but left it in 1867
and of Chaucer, among them a poem on (The for journalism, being war correspondent for
Dance of the Seven Deadly Sins through Hell. ? the Daily Telegraph in Abyssinia, and after-
He is at his best in burlesque poetry, as witness wards in the Franco-Prussian War. He was
the autobiographical “Visitation of St. Francis. under-secretary for the colonies in Lord Salis-
He is as rich in fancy as Spenser; as homely bury's administrations. Of recent years he has
and shrewd as Chaucer in the Miller's Tale); been conspicuous as a yachtsman, having twice
as pious as Cowper in his hymns; and as wittily been challenger for the American Cup. Be-
grotesque as Burns in Death and Dr. Horn- sides various magazine articles on hunting, he
book. ) » *
has published : (The Great Divide); Notes on
Duncker, Dora (dünk'er). A German story-
Irish Architecture); (The Soudan: Its History,
writer and humorist; born March 28, 1855.
Geography, and Characteristics.
The conceits (Incurable) (1893), “The Sphinx, Duns Scotus, Joannes (duns skö'tus). A
and other tales and comedies, have succeeded; Scotch metaphysician, head of the Schoolmen,
while in Modern Masters) (1883) she has called “the subtle doctor"); born in Scotland
evolved excellent character studies.
(? ), 1265 or 1274; died at Cologne (? ), Nov. 8,
Duncker, Max Wolfgang. A German his-
1 308 (? ). His opposition to the Thomists or
adherents of Thomas Aquinas was spirited.
torian; born in Berlin, Oct. 15, 1811; died in
Anspach, July 21, 1886. Politics interested him
He wrote an 'Exposition of Aristotelian Phys-
in early years, but his later energies were given
ics); Questions on Aristotle's Work on the
Soul); and similar works. The word dunce,
to elaborate historical investigations, of which
the best fruits are: (The Crisis of the Refor-
in its present application, probably comes from
mation) (1845); (Feudalism and Aristocracy)
his name used ironically.
(1858); and the masterpiece (Ancient History) Dupanloup, Félix Antoine Philippe (dü-
(1852-57).
pon-lö'). An eminent French controversialist
## p. 157 (#173) ############################################
1
DUPATY — D'URFEY
157
and prelate; born in St. Felix, Savoy, Jan. 3,
1802; died near Grenoble, Oct. II, 1878. He
became Bishop of Orleans; wrote on educa-
tion and faith.
- his Christian Marriage) (7th
ed. 1885); (History of our Savior Jesus Christ)
(1869); (Intellectual Higher Education (1866),
etc. , attracting great attention. He headed the
movement to canonize Joan of Arc.
Dupaty, Emmanuel (dü-pä-te'). A French
poet (1775-1851); born at Blanquefort. His
light comedies and vaudevilles gave delight
on every stage with their sparkle of wit and
their lively dialogue. Of his many pieces,
(The Military Prison' is esteemed the best.
Informers,' a satiric poem, and (The Art of
Poetry,' are works of great merit.
Duperron, Jacques Davy, Cardinal (dü-per-
rôn'). A French theologian, Pietist, and mis-
cellaneous writer; born at St. Lô, Normandy,
or at Bern, Switzerland, 1556; died in Paris,
1618. He was the son of a Protestant minister,
but was converted to Catholicism in his youth
and had a distinguished ecclesiastical career.
(A Treatise on the Sacrament of the Eucha.
rist) is his most celebrated prose effort; as a
poet he is remembered for the verses styled
(The Temple of Inconstancy. '
Dupont, Pierre (di-pôi”). A French popu-
lar poet (1821-701; born at Lyons. He came
to Paris in 1839, and wrote Legitimist odes
which the newspapers published. His poem
(The Two Angels) won the Academy's prize
in 1842, and he got employment on its (Dic-
tionary. Then he won wide popularity with
six songs for the people. He was above all
things the poet of peasant life. After the Feb.
ruary Revolution he was converted to socialism,
and his "Song of the Nations,' (Song of the
Workmen? (now known as the “Workmen's
Marseillaise)), etc. , are socialist pamphlets in
verse. His native city erected a statue to him.
Dupont de Nemours, Pierre Samuel (dü-
pon dé nā-mör'). French economist; born
in Paris, Dec. 14, 1739; died near Wilmington,
Del. , Aug. 6, 1817. He was a Physiocrat, or
adherent of Quesnay's theory that all value is
derived from land; and strove to propagate
this system in 'Physiocratie) (1768). Later he
became involved in the French Revolution,
took refuge in the United States, and founded a
great manufacturing house. His writings were
neglected till Jevons, the Duke of Argyll, and
later Henry George, revived the old Physio-
cratic idea.
Dupuy, Eliza Ann. An American story-
writer; born in Petersburg, Va. , about 1814;
died in New Orleans, January 1881. (The Con-
spirators, her first novel, has Aaron Burr as
the principal character. Most of her stories,
about forty in number, were published in the
New York Ledger.
Duran, Agustin (dö-rän'). A distinguished
Spanish critic (1789-1862), who had a decisive
influence on recent Spanish literature. His first
work, anonymous, (On the Decadence of the
Spanish Theatre) (1828), led to the reform of
the Spanish stage and its liberation from the
French yoke. Of still greater service in arous-
ing love for the native poesy was his Collec-
tion of Romanceros and Balladists) (5 vols. ,
1828-32). As a poet he won greatest distinc-
tion by his poem of chivalry (The Three
Citrons in the Garden of Love) (1856), written
in 15th-century Castilian.
Durand, Alice. See Gréville, Henry.
Durandi, Jacopo (dü-rän'dē). An Italian
dramatic poet and historian; born in Sant'
Agata, Vercelli, July 25, 1737; died in Turin,
Oct. 28, 1817. Armida) (1770) and (Hannibal
in Turin (1771) are his best-known plays; his
other gift displays itself in a (History of the
Ancient Peoples of Italy) (1769).
Durant, Gilles (dü-ron'). A French poet ;
born in Clermont, 1554; died at Paris, 1615 (? ).
He tried his hand at every species of metrical
composition, -odes, elegies, sonnets, and imi-
tations of the Psalms; but his important work
is contained in a "Menippean Satire,' written
to ridicule the League against Henry IV. ,-
the sub-title being 'Lamentation for a Leagued
Ass, that Died in 1990, when the States Were
in Session.
Duranti, Durante, Count (dö-rän'tē). An
Italian poet and orator (1718-80); born at
Brescia. Among his poetical writings, all char-
acterized by wit and refined taste, the best is
the didactic poem 'Use,' in which he portrays
his hero in the three periods of bachelor, hus-
band, and widower. He wrote two tragedies,
(Virginia' (1764) and Attilius Regulus) (1771);
and a volume, Rime,' containing miscellaneous
a
L
verse.
(
Duras, Claire Lechat de Kersaint, Duchess
of (dü-rä'). A French novelist; born in Brest,
1777; died in Paris, 1828. Well born, accom-
plished, and brilliantly married, she was seized
with the sentimental sickness of the day, and
wrote (Qurika) (1823), the tale of a negress
who fell in love with a white man; and (Ed-
ward) (1825), a novel in which it was the
gentleman's turn to throw his heart in an in-
discreet direction.
Durbin, John Price. An American clergy-
man and miscellaneous writer; born in Bour.
bon County, Ky. , in 1800; died in New York
city, Oct. 17, 1876. He contributed extensively
to current literature, and was the author of
(Observations in Europe, Principally in France
and Great Britain) (2 vols. , 1844); and (Obser-
vations in Egypt, Palestine, Syria, and Asia
Minor) (2 vols. , 1845).
D'Urfey, Thomas, usually called Tom. An
English dramatist and poet; born in Exeter,
1653; died in London (? ), Feb. 26, 1723. He
was a good-natured, simple-hearted, thoroughly
vulgar and unliterary writer. His dramas, com-
edies, operas, tragedies, and songs, are exactly
like what Sancho Panza would have written
if he had
to letters Many, like (The
Siege of Memphis) (1676), an extravagant
## p. 158 (#174) ############################################
158
DURINGSFELD - DUYCKINCK
(
tragedy, and (The Plotting Sisters) (1691), a
comedy, are vestured in a regal pomp of verbi-
age; others, like the (Songs Complete) (1699),
are of virginal simplicity, but not of virginal
modesty.
Düringsfeld, Ida von (dör'ings-feld). A Ger.
man story-teller (1815-76); born at Militsch in
Lower Silesia. Her (Poems) (1835) and the
cycle of stories (The Star of Andalusia) (1838)
were issued under the pseudonym “Thekla,"
and yearly volumes thereafter anonymously or
pseudonymously; (The Women of Byron) ap-
peared in her own name in 1845, when she
married Otto von Reinsberg. Extensive travels
later bore fruit in numerous stories, collections
of national songs, descriptions of national
usages, etc. ; all were highly prized, including
in the latter line : (Proverbs of German and
Roumanian Speech' (2 vols. , 1872-75); and
(The Wedding Book : Usages and Beliefs Re-
garding the Wedding among the Christian
Nations of Europe) (1871).
Durivage, Francis Alexander. An Ameri-
can author, nephew of Edward Everett ; born
in Boston, Mass. , 1814; died in 1881. He con-
tributed light literature in prose and verse to
magazines; wrote novelettes ; and jointly with
W. S. Chase translated Lamartine's History
of the Revolution of 1848. He was also author
of several plays, and of Life Scenes from the
World around Us) (1853); (Cyclopædia of His-
tory); and (The Fatal Casket.
Duruy, Georges (dü-rüe'). A French writer
on history; born in 1853, at Paris, where he
became professor of French literature in the
Polytechnic School in 1891. He wrote some
novels that became popular favorites, as “The
Lifeguard); (A Soul's Victory); (Dream-End. '
His principal historical works are: “History of
Turenne); (Short Popular History of France. )
His Cardinal Carlo Carafa: a Study on the
Pontificate of Paul IV. (1883) was crowned
by the Academy.
Duruy, Victor. A distinguished French his-
torian; born at Paris, Sept. 11, 1811 ; died 1894.
He assisted Napoleon III. in compiling (The
Life of Julius Cæsar, and was made minister
of public instruction in 1863. Among his his-
torical works are: (History of the Romans)
(2 vols. , 1843); (State of the Roman World
toward the Time of the Founding of the Em-
pire) (1853); (General Introduction to the His-
tory of France) (1865); History of the Greeks)
(3 vols. , 1886). He also wrote the greater part
of a (Universal History. His works have been
translated in part under Professor Mahaffy's
editorship. *
Dutra É Mello, Antonio Francisco (dö'trä
ā mel'o). A Brazilian poet; born in Rio Janeiro,
Aug. 8, 1823; died Feb. 22, 1843. His verses
are considered among the best of South Amer-
ican poetry. Among his choicest works are :
(A'noite Inspiracão Poetica); (A’noite de S.
Toão); and Historia Critica da Lingua Latina. '
Dutt, Toru (dot). A Hindow poet (1856-77).
She received a good European education, and
had the advantage of four years' travel in the
West. She translated into English many French
poems,- from Béranger, Gautier, Coppée, etc. ,
-- and a collection of these was published as
(A Sheaf Gleaned in French Fields) (1876).
She also rendered into English some of the
Ancient Ballads of Hindustan. She wrote in
French a story : Miss d'Arvers's Diary *
Duval, Alexandre (dü-väl'). A French
dramatist (1767-1842); born at Rennes. He
served in the French fleet during the American
Revolutionary War, and on his return to France
was an engineer and architect; but finally de-
voted himself to writing plays which won great
favor from their skillful construction, interesting
situations, and fine dialogue. The best are:
(Edward in Scotland ); (The Domestic Ty.
rant); (The Chevalier of Industry. He wrote
the text of the very successful opera Joseph
in Egypt.
Duvar, John Hunter. See Hunter-Duvar.
Duvergier d'Hauranne, Prosper (dü-verzh-
yā' dõ-rän'). A French political writer; born
in Rouen, Aug. 3, 1798; died in Paris, May 19
or 22, 1881. Prominent in politics, his writings
reflect his opinions; particularly his Princi-
ples of Representative Government! (1838)
and History of Parliamentary Government in
France) (1857-73).
Duveyrier, Charles (dü-vā-ryā'). A French
dramatist (1803-66); born at Paris. He was a
disciple of Saint-Simon, and passed a year in
jail for a newspaper article on Woman's Place
under the Saint-Simonian system. From un-
successful he grew to be a successful play.
wright, especially in collaboration. Of the 300
or more pieces which bear his name, there may
be mentioned: (Frontin the Husband-Bache-
lor); Valerie, in which Malle. Mars made a
brilliant success; (The Cat Metamorphosed into
a Woman); (Figaro's Daughter); “The Burgo-
master of Saardam.
Dux, Adolf (döx). A Hungaro-German poet
(1822-81); born at Poszony (Presburg). He
made admirable versions of Hungarian poems
and novels into German, including those of
Katona, Arany, Jókai, Gyulai, and Eötvös. He
was the first to translate Petöfi's Select Poems.
His own works comprise novels and studies in
literary history.
Duyckinck, Evert Augustus. An American
author; born in New York city, Nov. 23, 1816;
died there, Aug. 13, 1878. Graduating from
Columbia College, he studied law, was admitted
to the bar in 1837, and went to Europe for a
year, after which he devoted himself to litera.
ture, in which he was fertile and successful.
In 1847 he edited the Literary World. In 1854,
with his brother George, he prepared the 'Cy-
clopædia of American Literature ) (2 vols. ,
1855; enlarged eds. 1865 and 1875). He was
a voluminous and successful writer, and added
much to the literature of his times. His last
work was the preparation, with William Cullen
Bryant, of an edition of Shakespeare.
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1
Duyckinck, George Long. An American
prose-writer; born in New York, Oct. 17, 1823;
died there, March 30, 1863. He graduated at
the University of New York in 1843, and was
admitted to the bar, but did not practice. With
his brother Evert he edited the Literary World
and prepared the "Cyclopædia of American
Literature); he also wrote several biographies.
Duyse, Prudens van (doi'ze). A Flemish
poet (1804-59); born at Dendermonde. He
was a very prolific author, and wrote poems of
every kind, - epic, lyric, dramatic. They are
all mediocre, but served to reawaken a love of
the Flemish tongue. He wrote many valuable
works on Flemish history.
Dwight, John Sullivan. An American mu-
sical critic; born at Boston, May 13, 1813; died
Sept. 5, 1893. After two years in the Unitarian
ministry, he became one of the founders of
Brook Farm, and was editor of its organ the
Harbinger. In 1852 he established Dwight's
Journal of Music, in which appeared most of
his scholarly musical criticisms. His best-
known poem is "God Save the State. *
Dwight, Theodore. An American journal-
ist, brother of Timothy; born Dec. 15, 1764;
died June 12, 1846. He was a well-known
Federalist, a Member of Congress, and wrote
History of the Hartford Convention (of 1814)
and Character of Thomas Jefferson.
Dwight, Theodore. An American miscel.
laneous prose-writer, son of Theodore; born
March 3, 1796; died Oct. 16, 1866. He wrote
'Tour in Italy); (Summer Tour in New Eng.
land”; (The Northern Traveler); 'The Kan-
sas War); Life of Garibaldi); besides gazet-
teers, histories, and school-books.
Dwight, Timothy. An American Congre.
gational clergyman of great distinction; born
in Northampton, Mass. , May 14, 1752; died in
New Haven, Conn. , Jan. II, 1817. He was
president of Yale College from 1795 to 1817,
and was a very conspicuous figure in theology
and education. His “Theology Explained and
Defended consists of a course of 173 sermons
which has passed through as many as a hun-
dred editions. In addition to theological works
he wrote “Essay on Light); (Observations on
Language);(Travels in New England and New
York,' which is still widely quoted. He also
wrote verse : an epic called (The Conquest of
Canaan); Greenfield Hill,' a pastoral; “The
Triumph of Infidelity,' a satire.
Dwight, Timothy. An American Congre-
gational clergyman; born in Norwich, Conn. ,
Nov. 16, 1828 ; grandson of Timothy Dwight.
He is now president of Yale University, to
which post he was elected in 1886. He was
one of the members of the New Testament
Revision Committee.
