Hales's house Coventry, these books and this press must conveyed
Wickstone's, where Martyn senior, and Martyn junior were both printed wherein these libellers say, That laws that any way
knew the ministry, did the rather in cline an ear unto.
Wickstone's, where Martyn senior, and Martyn junior were both printed wherein these libellers say, That laws that any way
knew the ministry, did the rather in cline an ear unto.
Complete Collection of State Trials for Treason - v01
Attorney, appoint have peace betwixt Spain, and England; then ed by my lord to be dispersed, to make it would my lord Arundel pensive.
When known he was discontented.
Also Allen sent the Spanish Fleet was upon our coast, and news a Letter to the queen of Scots in cyphers, was brought the Tower, that the Spaniards shewing a great party in England.
Allen sent sped well, then the earl would merry.
Then my lord word, if he did come over, he must when news came, the English Fleet sped well, take a greater title than that of earl upon him, the earl would sorry.
When news came, and therefore addrest my lord in this style, the Spanish Fleet was come upon the coast “To Philip duke of Norfolk, earl of Arundel.
” Kent, my lord said, great wood, and Batington in his Examination said, the queen puissant fleet, we shall have lusty play shortly, of Scots sent him word that the earl of Arun
hope we shall plague them that have plagued del was a man be chief head for the Ca us. My Lord said, He would not fight against tholics. Allen sent word Rome, that the any that came fight for the Catholic faith.
bull which was last sent over into England, Ile said, when the Spanish Fleet was sea, was the intercession great man Eng would have three masses day for the happy land. My lord (said Mr. Popham) was one success Spain. He said also, He would have
the principallest, and acquainted thus far continual prayer without ceasing for time, with Allen Ergo, my lord Arundel, the good success Spain, viz. would have that great man. Dr. Allen made most vil every twenty-four hours five priests pray two lainous and slanderous Book, which was very hours a-piece for the defect laymen, and hard got, which was contained, That fourteen laymen pray every one hour the earl Arundel was procurer the last piece for the happy and fortunate success Bull, and the procurer the Invasion also. Spain. He made himself special Prayer for The Bull itself was some part read, and the that purpose, and caused copies haste there
Book was part read also. My lord being charged his Confession, being examined,
Holiu, Chron, fol. 976,
made. Mr. Shelley, then Prisoner
the Tower, told my lord, That exercise that Prayer were dangerous, and wished my lord
ing prisoners the Tower, and that had
mass the Tower; and that should surprize the Tower,
the Spaniards Owen Hopton
should put the rack-house.
charged, That divers Papists, Seminaries, and such like, being prisoners Newgate, and other
alone: therefore iny lord called for the
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1257] STATE TRIALS, 31 Eliz. 1589. —for High Treason. [125s
copy of the Prayer again, and would not have it Faction, that the earl Arundel should
copied. He was charged, That he did conjure General the Catholics, when the Tower
Thomas Gerrard, knt. keep counsel should surprised. To Walton, my lord
these matters before set down, who promised took exception, affirming, that was naughty
him, would. Bennet also promised keep lewd fellow, who had sold that little land had his counsel, and divers others. Then were sir three several men: and of the other wit
Thomas Gerrard, Mr. Shelley, Bennet the nesses said, that soule were attainted, some riest, and divers others, removed from the indicted, bad men and prisoners, and that their
Tower several other prisons, and upon exa mination confessed all as aforesaid.
My Lord hearing these matters laid hard against him Mr. Solicitor, grew into some
agony, and called for his accusers face face; which the learned counsel did not yet yield unto. He was likewise charged, That came once
words were worth little credit.
Then said Mr. Popham, they were never tortured, but confessed this willingly, and they are such, you have accompanied.
Here ended every man's speech, and the noblemen and peers the Jury went together.
My Lord humbly having submitted himself the consideration his peers, with protes ing, ‘Come, Mr. Bennet, pray, that the tation loyalty; the Lieutenant brought him
merrily Bennet the priest the Tower, say
Spaniards may beat down London-bridge;’ and
promised give him damask gown shortly,
and that hoped make him dean Paul's
ere were long: that the time their delivery
was hand, and willed him any wise secret, for, should reveal these things,
Spanish Fleet was driven away, my lord said, Within one hour after, the noblemen the
“We are undone; there hope for Jury came every one back, and were again
this year, and the king Spain cannot provide placed Garter King arms. Then Mr. such power again these five years, some Sandes asked every man the Jury, severally,
may dead and rotten ere that time. beginning uny lord Norris, the youngest ba There were then brought into the Court, ron, and proceeding my Lord Treasurer, the
vică voce, upon their several oaths, Anthony foreman, whether the Prisoner were Guilty, Hall, and Richard Young, justice the yea, no? Which every one them, laying peace, who aimed something hearsay the their hands upon their hearts, did protest Proof the former matter. Also sir Thomas
eat any thing; and pre- When news came the Tower, that the sently returnca his seat state.
would deny them his face.
his business, forborn
from the bar unto seat near unto the court Common-Pleas, where the Warders attended
upon him.
My Lord Steward likewise withdrew himself
little while, freshment; having
seemed, take some re the day for the time
Gerrard, Wm. Bennet, Tuchmon, Snoden, and
Ithel, and divers others, were closely kept
place over the King's-Bench, closed with
arras, and were thereupon severally called into
the Court, viva voce, upon their several oaths, Sandes unto him, That had been indicted
affirm that which specified before: sithence several Treasons, and that had put him Mr. Solicitor began speak, how this Mark self upon the trial his peers, who had found
Bennet the priest was charged with Letter written my lord wherein should sorry for the opening these matters aforesaid
him Guilty; and therefore asked, why Judg
inent should not given against him. Whereupon my Lord making three very low
against my lord. One Randal had writ this obeysances upon his knees, did humbly submit Letter Bennet's name, advice my lord himself my Lord Steward's Grace, and the
Arundel, blind his practices. Bennet favours the rest the nobles and peers there openly denied the writing that letter; where present, and besought them mediators
upon my lord Grey and my lord Norris asked Bennet, knew the Letter, yea,
For the better Evidence, Bennet confessed,
he had been moved such matter, but did not. —Against Thomas Gerrard, my
for him, that might obtain her majesty's hands, have order taken for his debts, and have conference with his officers, and talk with his wife, and see his infant, born after
his imprisonment, whom had never scen. Then my Lord's Grace pronounced Judg
ment, viz. That should conveyed the place from whence came, and from thence the place execution, and there hang
ed until were half dead, his members be cut off, his bowels cast into the fire, his
lord stood very stoutly
witnessed, willing him
and charging him
God, whose presence
thing him but truth.
Thomas referred himself
fore read, which said
twice sworn.
There were called into the Court two Wit
nesses more, viz. one Walton, and one Church, who justified Letters were brought from Fng
land Rehnes, where they both were; which Letters were sent one IIill, one lord's
To this the earl Arundel said, were
softly himself, Fiat voluntas Dei. And having made low obeysance the State, the
denial what look him the face, would answer before spoke, tell no
answer whereof,
his Depositions be was sworn; yea,
head cut off, his quarters into four several parts, and
four several places: and Steward) the Lord have mercy
divided bestowed
(said my Lord thy soul
their consciences, and upon their honours, that was Guilty.
Then was the Lieutenant called bring his Prisoner the bar, who was brought accord ingly, attended before. Then said Mr.
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1259] STATE TRIALS, 31 Eliz. 1589. --Trial of the Earl of foundcl, [12:0
Lieutenant took him away; Mr. Shelton going Willoughby Eresby, the lord Morley, the before him with the edge of the ax towards lord Cobham, the lord Grey, the lord 1)arcy him. Then there was an O yes made by the the north, the lord Sal the lord Went Serjeant at Arms, and the Court, together with worth, the lord Rich, the lord Willoughby my Lord Steward's Commission, dissolved: Parhain, the lord North, the lord St. John which done, my lord of Derby took the white Bletnesi;0, the lord Bucki. urst, the lord La
wand out of Mr. Winkfield's hand, and broke
the same in pieces; and every man -cricq, “God - save the Queen. ’
Whereupon the earl of Arundel was carried
back to the Tower, where after several reprieves
he died a natural death, October 19, 1595, hav with those mentioned before, Ann. 1330, viz. ing been piisoner there ten years and six “That held very strict intimacy and cor months; four years whereof passed before he respondence with cardinal Allen, I’arsons the
was brought to his Trial.
“An Account” (the preceding) “ of this Trial is
in the first volume of the present Worl. ”
the last edition the State Trials) with
reference note Camden's Elizabeth,
as the Trial was extracted from that work. assist the said cardinal advaiting the catho
I}ut the fact that they are disserent rela cause, and that purpose had designed tions the same Trial and Mr. Cam withdraw privately out the kingdon that den's account, though not foll, appears was privy the ball Sixtus Quintus, which
more clear and intelligible, and the dethroned the queen, and made over her do sanie time occupies little room, we thought minions the Spaniards: that when was that would not unacceptable our prisoner the Tower, had caused mass readers. therefore here given from
former only old translation from ‘the same Impeachment? ' They answered
our readers with copy cation sailed success. ”
it: but the appli swer was, “That these things significi little,
fact were proved. ” After this, second time, whether he were
answered Not Guilty, and On the 18th April 1539, was Philip Howard, submitted himself God and his peers; but all Arundel, arraigned Westminster-hall, desired them spare his memory, which was and tried his peers, before Henry earl impaired his imprisonment, and health, Derby, who was created Lord-High-Steward and not over-charge with too much variety. England this particular occasion. The per Puckering, the Queen's Serjeant Law,
Ertract from Kenn. Compl. Hist. ed. 551.
being asked Guilty not
Hargrave. . ] ‘the matter
sons summoned attend this Trial, were these opened the first part the charge, viz. That following peers: William Cecil lord Burleigh, cardinal Allen having engaged with the Jesuits lord-high-treasurer England; William lord and others against his prince and country,
marquis Winchester; Edward earl Ox upon which account was banished the king ford, lord-great-chamberlain England; Henry dom; yet the said earl had kept up cor earl Kent, Henry earl Sussex, lïenry earl respondence with him letters, and had ex
Pembroke, Edward earl Hertford, Henry pressly written him advance the Catho *arl Lincoln, the lord Hunsdon, the lord lick interest, which, fair and modest cos
Ware, and the lord Norris.
Being ordered hold his hand, did
so, and moreover used this expression, Be hold here cican hand and honest heart The
heads his Impeachinent were n. uch the same
Jesuit, and other conspirators, who attempted the ruin their prince and country, stir
ring
jects
tion
foreigners and the queen's natural sub bring Popery, the total destruc both that had engaged by Letters
conveyed Weston, alias Burges priest,
the English translation Camden, bishop
Kennet's complete History Fugland. There
are two other narratives this Trial one
amongst the Harlo an Manuscripts the
I}ritish Museum; the other Mr. Collins's
Peerage, under the title The Duke
Norfolk. But comparison, we find the
said for the happy success the Spanish Armada, and had himself composed special
prayer that occasion. ”
Being demanded answer, whether was
Guilty not Guilty turned himself the Court and Judges, and made these challerges one after another, “Whether such number
Articles might lawfully put into one and
the affirmative. Then demanded, “Whe ‘ther presumptive arguments bore any weigo: an Indictment He was answered, “That
the Latin edition of Camden's Eiizabeth.
As the latter, though Collins cites Ma
nuscript the possession the Howard
family, yet adds scarce any thing con
sequence unnoticed different from
Camden, except that Bennett, one the “he could stand accused those things charg witnesses against the earl, represented pre ‘ed Treason, the 13th queen Eliza viously the Trial, have addresse ‘beth, after the time limited the said Act;" Letter him, which acknowledged, that They then promised him, “He should not
was forced into confession the injury ‘tryed upon any other law act High of the earl, fear the rack, and there “Treason, but an ancient one Edw.
fore prayed his forgiveness. We endeavoured the last place, demanded, “If that were
procure access the Mianuscript cited “fair Indictment, which failed grossly cir Collins, with intention have gratified ‘cumstances both time and place? ’ The an
“he might except against them far “pleased. ’ Another demand was, “Whether
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1201] STATE TRIALS, 31 Eliz. 1589. -for High Treason. [1262
struction, was a plain inviting of him to invade whom therefore Allen must needs know be England. The car made answer, That ill-affected his country, what had heard intended was the promotion that faith, pass before the Star-Chamber. Then were
the accession new proselytes. Pophain, read also the Confessions the lord William,
the queen's Attorney-General, endeavoured the earl's brother, with those his sister, the
prove, the Confessions Savage, Throck lady Margaret, and his own letters, when he morton, and Babington, that this could not had thoughts leaving the kingdom. And this
possibly understood free conversion gave occasion magnify the queen's clemency upon the strength argument; but pub afresh, who would not sutier him (at that very lick invasion force arias. Shuttleworth, time) examined Article Treason,
Jesuits and Sealinary priests, what designs
they were sent into England: That they were traitors, proved from the earl's own words; who, upon the heaving alonger's cause the Star-Clauber, relation scandalous Libel his, said publickly, “That hearty
papist could not but thorough traitor. ” But for this, nicn this very principle were among the earl's greatest intimates. was urged moreover, hat had espoused the faith the Romish church, and became conscquence subject the Romish see; but
this flatly denyed, and demanded that any
Evidence might produced prove him
professed catholick. He acknowledged indeed, since the rigour the laws against Catho
Serjeant law, made appear out the but barely point Contempt. To these form the Proclamations put out against the Charges the earl answered the gross, ‘That
gan's Letters the queen Scots, and made
persuaded the cardinal being person likely
justice the laws, reference the
Before the treason,
Rome more service
than his departure thence; that letter queen, the earl had reflected severely
the
the
sen
tence death denounced against his grand
father and father; that the queen Scots had
extraordinary sorrow;
i.
cured the applications person figure
in England; which could be no other than the earl, because one nobleman besides, was intiniate with Allen himself, and
recommended him interest; the
atron the Catholick that Allen
the marks
had fixed his last hope, and best con
alter his purpose, the church
was ar
his stay England,
Babington, great
owned that the aforesaid Bull was pro
the Spanish armada, which was
‘as for the Picture, was trille presented him his man That indeed had pro mised assist the cardinal the promotion
the Catholick faith, but never the ex pence his prince and country: That what he had written relation the Sentence of his grand-father and father, was extant upon record, and any one might read That he was not all concerned what the car
dinal the queen Scots might write about him, since stood clear fact: That was impossible restrain other mens pens:
licks made not safe for him stay home: That the Attorney had managed the Letters and Confessions, the same rate that spiders
flowers; that sucked the poison out them; but he, for his part, was able
Gratley, priest, and therefore papist
before, least his heart. This Popham “might permitted see them. ” Then
that had some instances made Burges confessor; whereupon was debated, that none were admitted the sacraments of the church Rome, but such were reconciled her doctrine and worship; but was admitted
extract out them something more useful,
laboured prove from his own Letters, and that intended likewise withdraw beyond sea; that was an absolute creature car dinal Allen, and conformed entirely his mea sures; for which was guilty High-Trea son. He then produced Gratley's and Mor
He was likewise charged with having assumed from thence this inference, that the earl owed this title, Philip duke Norfolk, which was his change religion more sourness and found among his papers: and was Allen's spleen, than conscience and conviction. advice, that should some degree mend Then was produced emblematical piece his title. These things were brought against found the earl's cabinet, which had on one him convictions Treason before his impri
side hand shaking serpent into the fire, soument. Egerton, the Solicitor-General, hav with this motto, “If God with us, who shall ing summed and repeated the particulars
against us? ' and the other, lion the Charge, proceeded upon threefold dis rampant, without claws, and with this inscrip tinction time, viz. “Before the arrival of tion, “Yet lion. ’ ise moreover added, That ‘the Spanish fleet; the instant coming; the earl designing quit the kingdom, was and after fled: And that had been guilty
That had indeed some design acting un
der the prince Parma, the wars abroad,
were read Allen's Letters the queen Scots, with those the bishop Ross, about invad ing England, that very year designed
quit and the bull Sixtus Quintus, and se veral remarks made on Allen's Memorial the
English, printed Antwerp the year before.
of treason since his confinement:
‘fleet appeared, had been guilty
“in wishing happy success; when
“rived, making form prayer suitable
his wishes, and causing the mass the Holy “Ghost said, and course devotions
be used for 24 hours together: And then when the fleet was gone, lamenting defeat
‘with ‘as “fidence,
“fitted out with design ruin his prince and country. ' These particulars were mrade
out against him Tho. Gerard, kt. Will. Shelley, condemned for treason, ann. 1586,
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1263) STATE TRIALS, 31 Eliz. 1580. -Arraignment of Sir R. Knightley, [1264
Bennet, a popish priest, and some other pri
soners. He then muttered in a broken and im
perfect kind of tone, that the prayers he made,
and the masses he performed, were in order to
deprecate a massacre he had heard was de
signed against the Catholics. Gerard's Evi
dence he roundly denied ; and as he adjured
him to declare nothing but the truth, and re
presented before him the dreadful solemnity
of the last day, he so terrified and scared the
Evidence, that he hardly was able to speak tence death should not pass upon him?
one word to the purpose. Bennet's attesta tions he endeavoured to invalidate, as being a
man of a tarnished reputation, and who had contradicted himself in his confessions. The
only said the same words which his father had done before him, the same place, God's will done. Sentence being pronounced, desired leave speak with his wife, and that
might see his young son, who was born since his confinement; that might have the liberty speak with his stewards, who had the
accounts his estate, and that his debts might discharged: He likewise humbly desired the queen would take his young son into her favour and patronage. Then the Lord Steward brake his staff, the badge his place; and the earl
rest he taxed as persons impeached, and pri
soners, and men likewise of a loose and pro
fligate character; who were far from deserving , credit, and who might be suspected to have the liberty of using his conversation with a de
sign to ensnare him in the quirks of the law. Having received a check for this, as too inde cent and bold a challenge: upon the Evidence
for the queen, at the solicitor's motion, an an was carried back the Tower, the being car tient law of Richard 2nd was read, whereby it ried before him, with the edge towards him. was declared, That the crown of England was There were great many that most heartly under the command of none but God alone, lamented the untimely fall this young noble and that the bishop of Rome had no manner man, (for was not above years age ofauthority over now growing towards the most) and
They then went aside, and held debate, which lasted hour, and points law they con
such issue, might most for the glo having lessened the power considerable God, the safety the queen, and the man, and one who was great bulwark
integrity their own honour and conscience. of the Catholic cause.
67. The Arraignment Sir RichARD KNIGHTLY, and others, the Star-Chamber, for maintaining seditious Persons, Books,
and Libels 31 Eliz. Feb. 31,
1588. [MS. Caius Coll. Cambridge, Class 1090. 206. ]
ON Friday, the 13th February, were brought every several congregation, severally each
prisoners the bar, before the lords the province, every diocese, yea, every pa
High-Court Star-Chamber, Richard rish whereupon would ensue more mischief
Knightly, Mr. Hales, Wickstone,” and than any man tongue can utter: they them
his wife, whose offences hereafter follow. And selves cannot agree among themselves, but are
first,
Mr. Attorney-General Popham began, That emulation than fall contention, and from
the prosperous and happy state her majesty contention proceed violence But they stay was not unknown unto them that were pre not here, nor contented with railing against
sent, and dilated thereon, &c. until two
enemies had chosen disturb this quietness,
viz. the papists abroad, who foreign arms,
&c. and the seditious sectaries home, where brethren; law, order left, propriety
there are lewd people; next the Brownists things taken away and confounded. —But
and their fellows: but justice had been done what sort people are these sectaries Of the on these men, and the law executed. But very vilest and basest sort, and these must there another sort sectary, that are make confusion state, and advance settled state, but seek transform and subvert themselves their congregations, this their all. These men would have government course and this their purpose; the heel
should govern the head, and not the head the Neale's Hist, Puritans, vol. 597, heel, these men allowed, Her majesty,
the Judges and Serjeants. their seats, the clerk the them, Whether the earl
sulted the opinion
Being returned
crown demanded
were Guilty not At which every one them putting his hand his breast, the cus tom was, declared upon his honour and con science, that was Guilty. Then being ask
had any thing farther say, why sen
night, and nothing being produced farther were ready cry
gainst him, the earl was ordered withdraw: caution, who
He threw himself wholly upon the Judgment kind terror into the more powerful part
his peers, protesting his elbedience the the loomish faction. The queen after gave queen, and heartily praying they might come him his life, and was well enough satisfied
many the other side the queen's wisdom and
this example had struck
full envy and emulation; for what greater
the church and the state thereof, but proceed court and the commonweal, that all things might contribute preserve unity among the
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1265] STATE TRIALS, 31 Eliz. 1588–and others, for Sedition.
[1204
in her great wisdom duly considered the great farther, these books they affirm that the danger of these inconveniences, took order time doth offer them great opportunity, that no pain phlets or treatises should be put in though things would suffered this print, but such a should be first seen and al troublesome time, rather than they should lowed; and farther, lest that were not suffici any way disquieted. And for
ent, she ordained that no printing should be
used any where but in London, Oxford, and
Cambridge. Notwithstanding, this served
not, but they would print corners, and spread
abroad things imprinted wherefore her ma
jesty set forth proclamation anno 25, that
all Brownists books, and such other seditious ten relieve them with meat and drink, and books should suppressed and burnt. After gave then money their purses. This the
wards, when their new, seditious, and infamous libels were spread abroad, her majesty Fe bruary last set forth another proclamation, that her subjects might take warning: but because reformation had, she now holds
necessary proceed justice And there fore these men, now prisoners the bar, but
substance and sum their Offence, which they will deny, uncontestable and manifest
answer their offences, and receive according
to their demerits and first for their faults. before honourable assembly and said,
Sir Richard Knightly being great man his that these mishaps which were now aggra country, deputy-lieutenant, who had the go vated against them, were punishment imposed
vernment thereof, seditious and lewd rebel God, put him mind other his griev came unto him have place and entertain ous crimes committed against the majesty
Wickstone, albeit knew the press was his house, yet kept secret, and would never dis
cover but came many times, and did visit
there the press; and his wife, whose pro curement and persuasions with her husband,
they were first received into his house, did of
proofs shall
he concluded.
produced against them, And -
Richard Knightly began an
Hereupon
swer, and most humbly besought their lordships
consider his simple wit, and weak capa city, not able speak such place, and
ment with him, and there sir Richard received
Jhim print; Sir Richard doth confess that
the most highest. He affirmed constantly that was sectary, but that religion, that scis-same religion, which hoped they which were then present were of, and he trusted were other her majesty's loving sub
jects. And should speak anything amiss, desired them not impute his
be printed. —But farther, Richard sent his
xman ring for token receive the press and the more, reason, his late imprison
into his house, who did so, and there they ment and said, was right glad that their printed the Epitome, Walgrave himself being honours were ordained God, and appointed
Penry told him would set forth such like
book had beforetime set forth for the go vernment of Wales. That book contains sedi
tion and slander most opprobious; and yet l{ichard was contented such like book should
the printer; this most seditious and libell
her majesty
read the books himself. Again, when was
told him that his house would be searched for the books, and denied have any familiarity
the press, said would course them that his knowledge with those that were the wri come search his house; beside, his re ters them; and shewed that the press was commendation Walgrave was commended unto brought into his house upon this reason there Mr. Hales, and there had entertainment, and was book that before-time was printed there “The Supplication the Parliament,’ Oxford, which his knowledge was never was printed Walgrave, and published called this book was written one Mr. Newman, sir Richard's man; and another Penry, who requested Richard that this book, viz. “Have you any Work for the book might printed again his house, and Cooper was there printed likewise. Therein respect the want learning, which
ous pamphlet, for vice other: but then the parson ing found out the printing, told
play, and
the parish hav
Richard that
his judges whose hands receive nothing but justice
besought then inter cessor and mediator her majesty his be haif, against whom, for any offence committed, against the state, his knowledge, was clear any present, and good subject
was very dangerous whereupon Richard
caused him take down; but neither dislik
ed nor discovered but kept secret, and
ever came that bar. He utterly disclaimed
the sectaries themselves confess, that inconve nience would ensue of this government which
they sought establish but yet must brought in, because they were determined. And from Mr.
Hales's house Coventry, these books and this press must conveyed
Wickstone's, where Martyn senior, and Martyn junior were both printed wherein these libellers say, That laws that any way
knew the ministry, did the rather in cline an ear unto. For although must needs confess there were the ministry some good, yet his thinking, for one good, there were forty bod; yea, bad, thought then not worthy sweep the church; and therefore his zcal for the furtherance God's glory caused him allow this book. This, said, was about St. Joes tido was twelve-month, and had heard nothing thereof again until
impugn this doctrine theirs are not
obeyed any cause: then this suffered, All hallow-tide following; and said, that the
confusion and disorder must needs ensue. But
press was never his own house, but
WQL,
-
disposition, but his wants, which were many,
was sure wherefore
I,in
? "
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1207] STATE TRIALS, 31 Eliz. 158s. —Arraignment of Sir Richard Knightly, [126s
house, at the farther end of the town. And Hales said nothing. And then was read the other he said, at Christmas following Walgrave came Proclamation 31 Eliz. And the Order in the
to him and desired the press, and said that Mr. Star-Chamber, made Cartwright had wrote a book against the ing was allowed only Jesuits, which he hoped to priot. This is the Cambridge.
truth, saith he. He wrote to Mr. Hales to Wickstone said, was ignorant man, and defend a house for a poor man : this was craved might answer counsel, which done before the Proclamation, since which might direct him whereunto the Lord Chan time never meddled therein, said for cellor answered, that this was matter fact my Lord Chancellor most honourably gave him which lay most properly within his own know warning look unto that, which he hath ac ledge, and that must provide answer for complished like good subject her majesty himself, and that needed counsel. —
whom confesseth himself most bounden, thinketh the world beside; and now
hath learned David, not much
touch the lein of the Lord's Anointed. He
hopeth her majesty will likewise forgive him,
she hath forgiven greater offences and besought them good unto him, and
for his part would say with Moses and Paul, That would rather desire wiped out the Book Life, than not perform his duty her maj sty. And concluded.
Mr. Hales began, That albeit were great unto him be convented before their
Whereupon Wickstone confessed, That his wife desired him permit them home his house, which consented unto, knowing the purpose them, and that was all.
Lady Wickstone confessed that the zeal reformation the Church caused her give them entertainment her house, and she was the cause that they came thither, not thinking that had been any way hurtful dangeroes
the state; and she bumbly besought, that
what fault soever she had committed, ber hus band might not punished therefore, since
Eliz. whereby print
London, Oxford and -
#. joyed ordships, yet this
was not that they were request.
privy,
but
only
her means and
his Judges, that were the governors and judges Hereupon Mr. Puckering, the queen's Ser of the land, which could and would do him jeant, began lay open the enormities those nothing else but justice; confessed the Books, which they had court, and divers blessing God exceeding great unto clauses thcin were read. First, he affirmed the Commonwealth for placing her majesty they tended the ruin the whole state,
over the same, whose means we enjoy that peace which other nations want, and we happy
next the abolishing
vernment, the removing
service, the overthrow
ecclesiastical go manner
laws and yet, say
disclaimed the books; thought gra any thing, whom he owed much reverence, him that had Înar ried his aunt. Sir Richard desired him lend
that live under her
they, laws which resist these men, are
more to be allowed than those which maintain
stews. But Penry will never give that over, says, though the Spaniards were overthrown
and disconifited famine and hunger, yet the Lord will raise them again, and make weak and feeble generation overthrow us.
here was read great part the Epitome, Puckering. This most scornful and sed
but had great reason tify Richard Anightly
his house for poor unan, the which con descended; but knew not the man, nor his intent; met with Penry Coventry, sermon, who desired him direct him his house, there had “The Supplication the Parliament' that was printed Oxford
tious; But what their conclusion They told him would print Mr. Cartwright's book conclude, our parliament and councils as against the Romish Testament was sembled where truth beareth sway: which
privy that there was press there, but nothing most false and scandalous: but this their cise. was easy matter for wiser man government uot received, those the parlia
than himself thus overtaken; Penry him ment-house nor their seed shall never prosper, self was not inflicted nor impeached. And nor they ever bear any more rule England. hoped, man ignorantly did receive Traitor And Penry will never leave, till either this
Jesuit, that was not treason, unless him seif knew of it.
performed, that the Lord vengeance
and blood plague and punish us. --Tor
the other book “Have you any work for the
Cooper? ' therein affirmed that our Church
Government utterly unlawful And albeit this form of theirs would be inconvenieut
many points, yet every christian bound receive pastors, doctors, elders and deacons. For Martin junior, affirms that unlawful
Attorney. You acknowledge you book of him —Hases. do.
had
Attorney. And you cane the maker Hales. was before the Proclamation.
second Proclamation. Hereupon was read the first Proclamation, made Eliz. against
Atto, acy.
was after.
Hales. was after the first, and before the
have any other government, that human Schismatical and Seditious Libels, Dr. Brown, laws maintaining any other form are ungodly,
and such others. -
and not obeyed that the warrant that Hales. But Mr. Penry's was Libel, for bishops have maintain their authority, no he subscribed his name. better than that which did maintain the stews;
Attorney. There doubt but that antichrist the head their doctrine,
label, though
subscribed: whereunto and they part his body. For Martin sc
*
in to 27
to it be
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it all is
: in by all or noto
is
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ofallof by
an 28 by
of ofto; a
-
1209] STATE TRIALS, Eliz. 1588. -and others, for Sedition. [1279
nior, he loudly termeth the book of common Inost lewd, dangerous and seditious, and pernici service, the . . . . . . book at Lambeth, that ous the state, most scandalous respect 100,000 hands would sign to their positions our adversaries the Papists, who took occasion and government which they seek. And fur our disagreement: that they were slanderous ther, that they are the strength of the land, her majesty, accusing her for not main that it were no policy to reject their suit at taining religion. Whereas she for defence such a time when the land was invaded. religion only hath scared the enemies the
After which, they read Richard's Examin state; that the sword war had been drawn
ation, wherein confessed that Penry came out against her for that cause nay, the sword
unto him befose but when Sharp the mi death had compassed her chair her own nister told him the books were leud and dan chamber [Mr. Parrie and Mr. Barnewell]:
gerous, caused them pulled down, and Notwithstanding she, nothing dismayed, being
that knew book but ‘The Epitome. ’ princely magnanimity and fortitude, hath
He sent ring his man Jackson Penry not feared any these dangers only for reli
receive load stuff into his house, which gion sake. That they took away her majesty's
was the press and other necessaries for print regal power, disinherited noblemen and gentle
ing. Newman the cobler wore his livery, and men, took away property, abolished the
Wastal bis man helped Walgrave away from reverend estate and calling bishops, which his house, Mr. Hales Coventry Tox his are one of the three ancient estates of this
schoolmaster, and Wastal his man, would com land; and they meant pick out one stone
monly read the books
and scoff and scorn Sharp saith, that
Walgrave, Newman told him. The Epitome man highly favoured the queen, and much was printed there that when was told bounden more than ordinarily any his state. Richard his house would searched, an Yet notwithstanding, said Mr. Vice-Chanber swered, the knaves durst not search his house; lain, you beloved yet justice and they did, would have coursed them. must done without affection compassion;
Richard's house, after another, till they pulled the whole house Canterbury. on their heads. That the faults of them there
John
Richard conferred with present were gross and grievous; Richard,
The printer's man saith, that the ‘Mind for puniantur runiaris let the ina All's, were printed there, but Richard an gistrate punish offenders, lest himself pu swered, never knew much before. ‘Have nished. And again, St. Augustine saith, percat you any work for the Cooper? ' went hand unus pereat unitas; the offender rather there, but they went away then Coventry. punished, than the unity the church
The printer's man would have submitted him confounded. That their ignorance was excuse, self long before, but sir Richard advised him that ignorance which was wilful and malicious not any case, for the lords were only escape the punishment law, which incensed, should hanged were high offence any privity. That was catched. For Hales, Have you any work for sillier answer Mr. Wickstone, say his'
the Cooper? was printed his house, came once the press they were printing
wife desired him, great folly ruled her, and she passed the modesty her sex rule him. And sir John Parrot said ex
Mrs. Wickstone confesseth, Martin junior and
Martin senior were printed her house, she pressly, thought him worthy the greater gave them entertainment, and placed them punishment for giving such foolish, answer
parlour; her husband knew hot till was that he did his wife's desire.
done; she told him, was works embroider
ing, and willed him will his servants not
peep pry into the parlour, since pertained
not them: Hodgskins and two more printed
them all. Hodgskins was desired print and not this: that the county Northampton more, but he refused. Hodgskins confesseth did swarm with these Sectaries, and one
that printed them two; and from Mr. Wick stone's they were conveyed Warrington
Lancashire She gave them 6d. their de parture, and her husband 2s.
place there was Presbytery planted among
them, till length one the brethren had off fended, wherefore the other would have pu nished him but he, when should punish ed, fled, and complained justice peace,
Upon this Mr. Solicitor Egerton began
declare the danger these Books, that they and their power surceased, and revealed;
tended confusion states, take away whereby noted the vanity their govern
her majesty's prerogative royal, the diminu ment: yea, said he, procceded far
tion her yearly revenue, where she this that country, that the people were offull con time was forced sell her revenues for main tention, and some places had risen arms
tenance her realm and people, the dis about that quarrel; whereby concluded herison great number their patronages was necessary prevent such mischief, and
and advowsons and appropriations, the abro make example and desired the judges
gating the common law and the civil law many points: Whereupon desired their lordships proceed sentence.
notify his action herein their circuits abroad, the end the whole realin might have know
The Lord Chancellor gave the assembly that stood note, that these prisoners were not the devisers and makers these books; for they had, another place had been for them,
ledge and the people more seduced All the Lords agreed that the Books were with these lewd libellers. For punishment,
to
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1271) ' STATE TRIALS, 32 Eltz. 1990. -Trial of John Udall,
they agreed that Richard should fined 500 marks; Mrs. Wickstone
[1272
1000l. f. her majesty's
2,000l. ”; Mr. Hales, 1000 marks; Mr. Wick and
them Imprisonment
stone for obeying his wife, and not discovering
This Richard Knightly was divers times
chosen member parliament for the county
Northampton, the reign queen Elizabeth.
He was great favourer the Puritan party, Papists. Bridges's Northamptonshire, Jebb, and the expence printing their libels, fol. 63.
reported, being influenced
some other leading ministers
these libels were printed one
had travelling press this purpose, which great patrons and abettors were sir Richard was once brought down Fawesley, and from Knightly and Wickstone, persons other re thence several stages removed Manches spects sober and pious, but drawn into the ter, where both the press and the workmen party some instruments that were make wore seized the earl Derby. For this private market them. However the knights offence Richard Knightly, and his confede. had pretty round fine laid them the rates, were cited into the Star-Chamber, and Star-Chamber but the archbishop Canter
severely censured: but upon the intercession archbishop Whitgift, whom they had most
bury was generously good-natured, procure remission her majesty's hands. See Camden's Eliz. the Complete
History England, vol. pag. 550.
sulted, they liberty, were set
and had their fines remitted. But though thus zealous
-
pleasure.
the Puritan faction, joined with sir Francis Hastings presenting petition the house
commons, for granting Toleration the
Camden says, That this time several Walgrave, who church England the dissenters: ther
Snape, and
this county; scurrilous pamphlets were published against the
68. The Trial Mr. Joh UDALI, Puritan Minister, Croydon
ELIz. 24th July, 1590. Himself. ]
ON Tuesday the 13th January, 1580,
appeared my lord Cobham's house the know who he was.
Blackfriers, before my lord Cobham, my lord Ander. this true, Mr. Beadle? Buckhurst, my lord Anderson, the bishop Beadle. have heard that there was such Rochester, Mr. Fortescue, Mr. Egerton, the thing, but was not there please
Assizes, for Felony: [Wrote
gueen's Solicitor, Dr. Aubery, and Dr. Lewen. Then was called before them; whereupon my lord Anderson said unto me.
Anderson. How long have you been Newcastle
your lordship.
Aubery, Lewen. There was such thing, my lord's grace told us.
U. am the hardlier dealt withal. be fetched far this time the year.
have had journey would not wish unto my enemy.
Roch. You may thank your own dealing
matters that you should not have meddled withal.
Ander. more than heard, that ever you were called answer; but you are an swer concerning other books.
hope your lordships will not urge me
any others, seeing was sent for about those. Ander. You must answer to others also
what say you those books? Demonstra tion Dialogue, &c. did not you make then?
cannot answer thereunto.
Ander. Why would you clear yourself
Martin, and not these, but that you are guilty herein
Udall. About year, ship.
please your lord -
Ander. Why went you from Kingston upon Thames
Udall. Because was silenced there, and was called Newcastle.
Rochester. What calling had you thither
Udall. The people made means Huntingdon, who sent me thither.
Roch. Had you the allowance of that diocese?
my lord the bishop
Udall.
Roch. archbishop.
There was none that time. Then you should have gone
the
York
Udall. There was neither.
archbishop ~
Ander. You are called hither to answer concerning certain Books, which are thought
your making.
for any Martin's Books (ac
cording my Lord Chamberlain's Letters, that fetched me, import) have already answered, and am ready again.
Ander. Where have you answered and what manner
Lambeth, year and half ago,
Not so, my lord; have reason an
cleared myself not the author, nor
swer the one, and not Ander. pray you let
the other.
hear what reason.
seeing they are written concerning one matter.
for cannot conceive
This the matter, my lord; matter proposed them
would not thought handle
ner, which the former books do; and because
hold the one, but
that man
to V. Ts. be
of
l of
is
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At asIfof
:
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in of Iin ofat ofsir
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to N
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to for by
of of
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be
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U. U. U. or U. a p. all
inIaI I byof of aupIofa in
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32
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I
at
1273] STATE TRIALS, 32 Eliz. 1590–for Felony. [1274.
think otherwise of the latter, I care not though they should be fathered upon me.
hope we shall plague them that have plagued del was a man be chief head for the Ca us. My Lord said, He would not fight against tholics. Allen sent word Rome, that the any that came fight for the Catholic faith.
bull which was last sent over into England, Ile said, when the Spanish Fleet was sea, was the intercession great man Eng would have three masses day for the happy land. My lord (said Mr. Popham) was one success Spain. He said also, He would have
the principallest, and acquainted thus far continual prayer without ceasing for time, with Allen Ergo, my lord Arundel, the good success Spain, viz. would have that great man. Dr. Allen made most vil every twenty-four hours five priests pray two lainous and slanderous Book, which was very hours a-piece for the defect laymen, and hard got, which was contained, That fourteen laymen pray every one hour the earl Arundel was procurer the last piece for the happy and fortunate success Bull, and the procurer the Invasion also. Spain. He made himself special Prayer for The Bull itself was some part read, and the that purpose, and caused copies haste there
Book was part read also. My lord being charged his Confession, being examined,
Holiu, Chron, fol. 976,
made. Mr. Shelley, then Prisoner
the Tower, told my lord, That exercise that Prayer were dangerous, and wished my lord
ing prisoners the Tower, and that had
mass the Tower; and that should surprize the Tower,
the Spaniards Owen Hopton
should put the rack-house.
charged, That divers Papists, Seminaries, and such like, being prisoners Newgate, and other
alone: therefore iny lord called for the
He was also
*
on
to
of
at
of be
:
fit
in
a of of a
a
3. — to p.
b,
a of of
of itto be
I
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let
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It
to of
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or
to
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he
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of to
doofby
be inhe
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a of
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of a Sir be
be
sir
1257] STATE TRIALS, 31 Eliz. 1589. —for High Treason. [125s
copy of the Prayer again, and would not have it Faction, that the earl Arundel should
copied. He was charged, That he did conjure General the Catholics, when the Tower
Thomas Gerrard, knt. keep counsel should surprised. To Walton, my lord
these matters before set down, who promised took exception, affirming, that was naughty
him, would. Bennet also promised keep lewd fellow, who had sold that little land had his counsel, and divers others. Then were sir three several men: and of the other wit
Thomas Gerrard, Mr. Shelley, Bennet the nesses said, that soule were attainted, some riest, and divers others, removed from the indicted, bad men and prisoners, and that their
Tower several other prisons, and upon exa mination confessed all as aforesaid.
My Lord hearing these matters laid hard against him Mr. Solicitor, grew into some
agony, and called for his accusers face face; which the learned counsel did not yet yield unto. He was likewise charged, That came once
words were worth little credit.
Then said Mr. Popham, they were never tortured, but confessed this willingly, and they are such, you have accompanied.
Here ended every man's speech, and the noblemen and peers the Jury went together.
My Lord humbly having submitted himself the consideration his peers, with protes ing, ‘Come, Mr. Bennet, pray, that the tation loyalty; the Lieutenant brought him
merrily Bennet the priest the Tower, say
Spaniards may beat down London-bridge;’ and
promised give him damask gown shortly,
and that hoped make him dean Paul's
ere were long: that the time their delivery
was hand, and willed him any wise secret, for, should reveal these things,
Spanish Fleet was driven away, my lord said, Within one hour after, the noblemen the
“We are undone; there hope for Jury came every one back, and were again
this year, and the king Spain cannot provide placed Garter King arms. Then Mr. such power again these five years, some Sandes asked every man the Jury, severally,
may dead and rotten ere that time. beginning uny lord Norris, the youngest ba There were then brought into the Court, ron, and proceeding my Lord Treasurer, the
vică voce, upon their several oaths, Anthony foreman, whether the Prisoner were Guilty, Hall, and Richard Young, justice the yea, no? Which every one them, laying peace, who aimed something hearsay the their hands upon their hearts, did protest Proof the former matter. Also sir Thomas
eat any thing; and pre- When news came the Tower, that the sently returnca his seat state.
would deny them his face.
his business, forborn
from the bar unto seat near unto the court Common-Pleas, where the Warders attended
upon him.
My Lord Steward likewise withdrew himself
little while, freshment; having
seemed, take some re the day for the time
Gerrard, Wm. Bennet, Tuchmon, Snoden, and
Ithel, and divers others, were closely kept
place over the King's-Bench, closed with
arras, and were thereupon severally called into
the Court, viva voce, upon their several oaths, Sandes unto him, That had been indicted
affirm that which specified before: sithence several Treasons, and that had put him Mr. Solicitor began speak, how this Mark self upon the trial his peers, who had found
Bennet the priest was charged with Letter written my lord wherein should sorry for the opening these matters aforesaid
him Guilty; and therefore asked, why Judg
inent should not given against him. Whereupon my Lord making three very low
against my lord. One Randal had writ this obeysances upon his knees, did humbly submit Letter Bennet's name, advice my lord himself my Lord Steward's Grace, and the
Arundel, blind his practices. Bennet favours the rest the nobles and peers there openly denied the writing that letter; where present, and besought them mediators
upon my lord Grey and my lord Norris asked Bennet, knew the Letter, yea,
For the better Evidence, Bennet confessed,
he had been moved such matter, but did not. —Against Thomas Gerrard, my
for him, that might obtain her majesty's hands, have order taken for his debts, and have conference with his officers, and talk with his wife, and see his infant, born after
his imprisonment, whom had never scen. Then my Lord's Grace pronounced Judg
ment, viz. That should conveyed the place from whence came, and from thence the place execution, and there hang
ed until were half dead, his members be cut off, his bowels cast into the fire, his
lord stood very stoutly
witnessed, willing him
and charging him
God, whose presence
thing him but truth.
Thomas referred himself
fore read, which said
twice sworn.
There were called into the Court two Wit
nesses more, viz. one Walton, and one Church, who justified Letters were brought from Fng
land Rehnes, where they both were; which Letters were sent one IIill, one lord's
To this the earl Arundel said, were
softly himself, Fiat voluntas Dei. And having made low obeysance the State, the
denial what look him the face, would answer before spoke, tell no
answer whereof,
his Depositions be was sworn; yea,
head cut off, his quarters into four several parts, and
four several places: and Steward) the Lord have mercy
divided bestowed
(said my Lord thy soul
their consciences, and upon their honours, that was Guilty.
Then was the Lieutenant called bring his Prisoner the bar, who was brought accord ingly, attended before. Then said Mr.
of my
to
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or bea in toof
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it
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1259] STATE TRIALS, 31 Eliz. 1589. --Trial of the Earl of foundcl, [12:0
Lieutenant took him away; Mr. Shelton going Willoughby Eresby, the lord Morley, the before him with the edge of the ax towards lord Cobham, the lord Grey, the lord 1)arcy him. Then there was an O yes made by the the north, the lord Sal the lord Went Serjeant at Arms, and the Court, together with worth, the lord Rich, the lord Willoughby my Lord Steward's Commission, dissolved: Parhain, the lord North, the lord St. John which done, my lord of Derby took the white Bletnesi;0, the lord Bucki. urst, the lord La
wand out of Mr. Winkfield's hand, and broke
the same in pieces; and every man -cricq, “God - save the Queen. ’
Whereupon the earl of Arundel was carried
back to the Tower, where after several reprieves
he died a natural death, October 19, 1595, hav with those mentioned before, Ann. 1330, viz. ing been piisoner there ten years and six “That held very strict intimacy and cor months; four years whereof passed before he respondence with cardinal Allen, I’arsons the
was brought to his Trial.
“An Account” (the preceding) “ of this Trial is
in the first volume of the present Worl. ”
the last edition the State Trials) with
reference note Camden's Elizabeth,
as the Trial was extracted from that work. assist the said cardinal advaiting the catho
I}ut the fact that they are disserent rela cause, and that purpose had designed tions the same Trial and Mr. Cam withdraw privately out the kingdon that den's account, though not foll, appears was privy the ball Sixtus Quintus, which
more clear and intelligible, and the dethroned the queen, and made over her do sanie time occupies little room, we thought minions the Spaniards: that when was that would not unacceptable our prisoner the Tower, had caused mass readers. therefore here given from
former only old translation from ‘the same Impeachment? ' They answered
our readers with copy cation sailed success. ”
it: but the appli swer was, “That these things significi little,
fact were proved. ” After this, second time, whether he were
answered Not Guilty, and On the 18th April 1539, was Philip Howard, submitted himself God and his peers; but all Arundel, arraigned Westminster-hall, desired them spare his memory, which was and tried his peers, before Henry earl impaired his imprisonment, and health, Derby, who was created Lord-High-Steward and not over-charge with too much variety. England this particular occasion. The per Puckering, the Queen's Serjeant Law,
Ertract from Kenn. Compl. Hist. ed. 551.
being asked Guilty not
Hargrave. . ] ‘the matter
sons summoned attend this Trial, were these opened the first part the charge, viz. That following peers: William Cecil lord Burleigh, cardinal Allen having engaged with the Jesuits lord-high-treasurer England; William lord and others against his prince and country,
marquis Winchester; Edward earl Ox upon which account was banished the king ford, lord-great-chamberlain England; Henry dom; yet the said earl had kept up cor earl Kent, Henry earl Sussex, lïenry earl respondence with him letters, and had ex
Pembroke, Edward earl Hertford, Henry pressly written him advance the Catho *arl Lincoln, the lord Hunsdon, the lord lick interest, which, fair and modest cos
Ware, and the lord Norris.
Being ordered hold his hand, did
so, and moreover used this expression, Be hold here cican hand and honest heart The
heads his Impeachinent were n. uch the same
Jesuit, and other conspirators, who attempted the ruin their prince and country, stir
ring
jects
tion
foreigners and the queen's natural sub bring Popery, the total destruc both that had engaged by Letters
conveyed Weston, alias Burges priest,
the English translation Camden, bishop
Kennet's complete History Fugland. There
are two other narratives this Trial one
amongst the Harlo an Manuscripts the
I}ritish Museum; the other Mr. Collins's
Peerage, under the title The Duke
Norfolk. But comparison, we find the
said for the happy success the Spanish Armada, and had himself composed special
prayer that occasion. ”
Being demanded answer, whether was
Guilty not Guilty turned himself the Court and Judges, and made these challerges one after another, “Whether such number
Articles might lawfully put into one and
the affirmative. Then demanded, “Whe ‘ther presumptive arguments bore any weigo: an Indictment He was answered, “That
the Latin edition of Camden's Eiizabeth.
As the latter, though Collins cites Ma
nuscript the possession the Howard
family, yet adds scarce any thing con
sequence unnoticed different from
Camden, except that Bennett, one the “he could stand accused those things charg witnesses against the earl, represented pre ‘ed Treason, the 13th queen Eliza viously the Trial, have addresse ‘beth, after the time limited the said Act;" Letter him, which acknowledged, that They then promised him, “He should not
was forced into confession the injury ‘tryed upon any other law act High of the earl, fear the rack, and there “Treason, but an ancient one Edw.
fore prayed his forgiveness. We endeavoured the last place, demanded, “If that were
procure access the Mianuscript cited “fair Indictment, which failed grossly cir Collins, with intention have gratified ‘cumstances both time and place? ’ The an
“he might except against them far “pleased. ’ Another demand was, “Whether
of
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1201] STATE TRIALS, 31 Eliz. 1589. -for High Treason. [1262
struction, was a plain inviting of him to invade whom therefore Allen must needs know be England. The car made answer, That ill-affected his country, what had heard intended was the promotion that faith, pass before the Star-Chamber. Then were
the accession new proselytes. Pophain, read also the Confessions the lord William,
the queen's Attorney-General, endeavoured the earl's brother, with those his sister, the
prove, the Confessions Savage, Throck lady Margaret, and his own letters, when he morton, and Babington, that this could not had thoughts leaving the kingdom. And this
possibly understood free conversion gave occasion magnify the queen's clemency upon the strength argument; but pub afresh, who would not sutier him (at that very lick invasion force arias. Shuttleworth, time) examined Article Treason,
Jesuits and Sealinary priests, what designs
they were sent into England: That they were traitors, proved from the earl's own words; who, upon the heaving alonger's cause the Star-Clauber, relation scandalous Libel his, said publickly, “That hearty
papist could not but thorough traitor. ” But for this, nicn this very principle were among the earl's greatest intimates. was urged moreover, hat had espoused the faith the Romish church, and became conscquence subject the Romish see; but
this flatly denyed, and demanded that any
Evidence might produced prove him
professed catholick. He acknowledged indeed, since the rigour the laws against Catho
Serjeant law, made appear out the but barely point Contempt. To these form the Proclamations put out against the Charges the earl answered the gross, ‘That
gan's Letters the queen Scots, and made
persuaded the cardinal being person likely
justice the laws, reference the
Before the treason,
Rome more service
than his departure thence; that letter queen, the earl had reflected severely
the
the
sen
tence death denounced against his grand
father and father; that the queen Scots had
extraordinary sorrow;
i.
cured the applications person figure
in England; which could be no other than the earl, because one nobleman besides, was intiniate with Allen himself, and
recommended him interest; the
atron the Catholick that Allen
the marks
had fixed his last hope, and best con
alter his purpose, the church
was ar
his stay England,
Babington, great
owned that the aforesaid Bull was pro
the Spanish armada, which was
‘as for the Picture, was trille presented him his man That indeed had pro mised assist the cardinal the promotion
the Catholick faith, but never the ex pence his prince and country: That what he had written relation the Sentence of his grand-father and father, was extant upon record, and any one might read That he was not all concerned what the car
dinal the queen Scots might write about him, since stood clear fact: That was impossible restrain other mens pens:
licks made not safe for him stay home: That the Attorney had managed the Letters and Confessions, the same rate that spiders
flowers; that sucked the poison out them; but he, for his part, was able
Gratley, priest, and therefore papist
before, least his heart. This Popham “might permitted see them. ” Then
that had some instances made Burges confessor; whereupon was debated, that none were admitted the sacraments of the church Rome, but such were reconciled her doctrine and worship; but was admitted
extract out them something more useful,
laboured prove from his own Letters, and that intended likewise withdraw beyond sea; that was an absolute creature car dinal Allen, and conformed entirely his mea sures; for which was guilty High-Trea son. He then produced Gratley's and Mor
He was likewise charged with having assumed from thence this inference, that the earl owed this title, Philip duke Norfolk, which was his change religion more sourness and found among his papers: and was Allen's spleen, than conscience and conviction. advice, that should some degree mend Then was produced emblematical piece his title. These things were brought against found the earl's cabinet, which had on one him convictions Treason before his impri
side hand shaking serpent into the fire, soument. Egerton, the Solicitor-General, hav with this motto, “If God with us, who shall ing summed and repeated the particulars
against us? ' and the other, lion the Charge, proceeded upon threefold dis rampant, without claws, and with this inscrip tinction time, viz. “Before the arrival of tion, “Yet lion. ’ ise moreover added, That ‘the Spanish fleet; the instant coming; the earl designing quit the kingdom, was and after fled: And that had been guilty
That had indeed some design acting un
der the prince Parma, the wars abroad,
were read Allen's Letters the queen Scots, with those the bishop Ross, about invad ing England, that very year designed
quit and the bull Sixtus Quintus, and se veral remarks made on Allen's Memorial the
English, printed Antwerp the year before.
of treason since his confinement:
‘fleet appeared, had been guilty
“in wishing happy success; when
“rived, making form prayer suitable
his wishes, and causing the mass the Holy “Ghost said, and course devotions
be used for 24 hours together: And then when the fleet was gone, lamenting defeat
‘with ‘as “fidence,
“fitted out with design ruin his prince and country. ' These particulars were mrade
out against him Tho. Gerard, kt. Will. Shelley, condemned for treason, ann. 1586,
as
in
to on a
to
of he a
in
of by
as* by“aby be
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1263) STATE TRIALS, 31 Eliz. 1580. -Arraignment of Sir R. Knightley, [1264
Bennet, a popish priest, and some other pri
soners. He then muttered in a broken and im
perfect kind of tone, that the prayers he made,
and the masses he performed, were in order to
deprecate a massacre he had heard was de
signed against the Catholics. Gerard's Evi
dence he roundly denied ; and as he adjured
him to declare nothing but the truth, and re
presented before him the dreadful solemnity
of the last day, he so terrified and scared the
Evidence, that he hardly was able to speak tence death should not pass upon him?
one word to the purpose. Bennet's attesta tions he endeavoured to invalidate, as being a
man of a tarnished reputation, and who had contradicted himself in his confessions. The
only said the same words which his father had done before him, the same place, God's will done. Sentence being pronounced, desired leave speak with his wife, and that
might see his young son, who was born since his confinement; that might have the liberty speak with his stewards, who had the
accounts his estate, and that his debts might discharged: He likewise humbly desired the queen would take his young son into her favour and patronage. Then the Lord Steward brake his staff, the badge his place; and the earl
rest he taxed as persons impeached, and pri
soners, and men likewise of a loose and pro
fligate character; who were far from deserving , credit, and who might be suspected to have the liberty of using his conversation with a de
sign to ensnare him in the quirks of the law. Having received a check for this, as too inde cent and bold a challenge: upon the Evidence
for the queen, at the solicitor's motion, an an was carried back the Tower, the being car tient law of Richard 2nd was read, whereby it ried before him, with the edge towards him. was declared, That the crown of England was There were great many that most heartly under the command of none but God alone, lamented the untimely fall this young noble and that the bishop of Rome had no manner man, (for was not above years age ofauthority over now growing towards the most) and
They then went aside, and held debate, which lasted hour, and points law they con
such issue, might most for the glo having lessened the power considerable God, the safety the queen, and the man, and one who was great bulwark
integrity their own honour and conscience. of the Catholic cause.
67. The Arraignment Sir RichARD KNIGHTLY, and others, the Star-Chamber, for maintaining seditious Persons, Books,
and Libels 31 Eliz. Feb. 31,
1588. [MS. Caius Coll. Cambridge, Class 1090. 206. ]
ON Friday, the 13th February, were brought every several congregation, severally each
prisoners the bar, before the lords the province, every diocese, yea, every pa
High-Court Star-Chamber, Richard rish whereupon would ensue more mischief
Knightly, Mr. Hales, Wickstone,” and than any man tongue can utter: they them
his wife, whose offences hereafter follow. And selves cannot agree among themselves, but are
first,
Mr. Attorney-General Popham began, That emulation than fall contention, and from
the prosperous and happy state her majesty contention proceed violence But they stay was not unknown unto them that were pre not here, nor contented with railing against
sent, and dilated thereon, &c. until two
enemies had chosen disturb this quietness,
viz. the papists abroad, who foreign arms,
&c. and the seditious sectaries home, where brethren; law, order left, propriety
there are lewd people; next the Brownists things taken away and confounded. —But
and their fellows: but justice had been done what sort people are these sectaries Of the on these men, and the law executed. But very vilest and basest sort, and these must there another sort sectary, that are make confusion state, and advance settled state, but seek transform and subvert themselves their congregations, this their all. These men would have government course and this their purpose; the heel
should govern the head, and not the head the Neale's Hist, Puritans, vol. 597, heel, these men allowed, Her majesty,
the Judges and Serjeants. their seats, the clerk the them, Whether the earl
sulted the opinion
Being returned
crown demanded
were Guilty not At which every one them putting his hand his breast, the cus tom was, declared upon his honour and con science, that was Guilty. Then being ask
had any thing farther say, why sen
night, and nothing being produced farther were ready cry
gainst him, the earl was ordered withdraw: caution, who
He threw himself wholly upon the Judgment kind terror into the more powerful part
his peers, protesting his elbedience the the loomish faction. The queen after gave queen, and heartily praying they might come him his life, and was well enough satisfied
many the other side the queen's wisdom and
this example had struck
full envy and emulation; for what greater
the church and the state thereof, but proceed court and the commonweal, that all things might contribute preserve unity among the
*
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1265] STATE TRIALS, 31 Eliz. 1588–and others, for Sedition.
[1204
in her great wisdom duly considered the great farther, these books they affirm that the danger of these inconveniences, took order time doth offer them great opportunity, that no pain phlets or treatises should be put in though things would suffered this print, but such a should be first seen and al troublesome time, rather than they should lowed; and farther, lest that were not suffici any way disquieted. And for
ent, she ordained that no printing should be
used any where but in London, Oxford, and
Cambridge. Notwithstanding, this served
not, but they would print corners, and spread
abroad things imprinted wherefore her ma
jesty set forth proclamation anno 25, that
all Brownists books, and such other seditious ten relieve them with meat and drink, and books should suppressed and burnt. After gave then money their purses. This the
wards, when their new, seditious, and infamous libels were spread abroad, her majesty Fe bruary last set forth another proclamation, that her subjects might take warning: but because reformation had, she now holds
necessary proceed justice And there fore these men, now prisoners the bar, but
substance and sum their Offence, which they will deny, uncontestable and manifest
answer their offences, and receive according
to their demerits and first for their faults. before honourable assembly and said,
Sir Richard Knightly being great man his that these mishaps which were now aggra country, deputy-lieutenant, who had the go vated against them, were punishment imposed
vernment thereof, seditious and lewd rebel God, put him mind other his griev came unto him have place and entertain ous crimes committed against the majesty
Wickstone, albeit knew the press was his house, yet kept secret, and would never dis
cover but came many times, and did visit
there the press; and his wife, whose pro curement and persuasions with her husband,
they were first received into his house, did of
proofs shall
he concluded.
produced against them, And -
Richard Knightly began an
Hereupon
swer, and most humbly besought their lordships
consider his simple wit, and weak capa city, not able speak such place, and
ment with him, and there sir Richard received
Jhim print; Sir Richard doth confess that
the most highest. He affirmed constantly that was sectary, but that religion, that scis-same religion, which hoped they which were then present were of, and he trusted were other her majesty's loving sub
jects. And should speak anything amiss, desired them not impute his
be printed. —But farther, Richard sent his
xman ring for token receive the press and the more, reason, his late imprison
into his house, who did so, and there they ment and said, was right glad that their printed the Epitome, Walgrave himself being honours were ordained God, and appointed
Penry told him would set forth such like
book had beforetime set forth for the go vernment of Wales. That book contains sedi
tion and slander most opprobious; and yet l{ichard was contented such like book should
the printer; this most seditious and libell
her majesty
read the books himself. Again, when was
told him that his house would be searched for the books, and denied have any familiarity
the press, said would course them that his knowledge with those that were the wri come search his house; beside, his re ters them; and shewed that the press was commendation Walgrave was commended unto brought into his house upon this reason there Mr. Hales, and there had entertainment, and was book that before-time was printed there “The Supplication the Parliament,’ Oxford, which his knowledge was never was printed Walgrave, and published called this book was written one Mr. Newman, sir Richard's man; and another Penry, who requested Richard that this book, viz. “Have you any Work for the book might printed again his house, and Cooper was there printed likewise. Therein respect the want learning, which
ous pamphlet, for vice other: but then the parson ing found out the printing, told
play, and
the parish hav
Richard that
his judges whose hands receive nothing but justice
besought then inter cessor and mediator her majesty his be haif, against whom, for any offence committed, against the state, his knowledge, was clear any present, and good subject
was very dangerous whereupon Richard
caused him take down; but neither dislik
ed nor discovered but kept secret, and
ever came that bar. He utterly disclaimed
the sectaries themselves confess, that inconve nience would ensue of this government which
they sought establish but yet must brought in, because they were determined. And from Mr.
Hales's house Coventry, these books and this press must conveyed
Wickstone's, where Martyn senior, and Martyn junior were both printed wherein these libellers say, That laws that any way
knew the ministry, did the rather in cline an ear unto. For although must needs confess there were the ministry some good, yet his thinking, for one good, there were forty bod; yea, bad, thought then not worthy sweep the church; and therefore his zcal for the furtherance God's glory caused him allow this book. This, said, was about St. Joes tido was twelve-month, and had heard nothing thereof again until
impugn this doctrine theirs are not
obeyed any cause: then this suffered, All hallow-tide following; and said, that the
confusion and disorder must needs ensue. But
press was never his own house, but
WQL,
-
disposition, but his wants, which were many,
was sure wherefore
I,in
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a to he toa :
no
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1207] STATE TRIALS, 31 Eliz. 158s. —Arraignment of Sir Richard Knightly, [126s
house, at the farther end of the town. And Hales said nothing. And then was read the other he said, at Christmas following Walgrave came Proclamation 31 Eliz. And the Order in the
to him and desired the press, and said that Mr. Star-Chamber, made Cartwright had wrote a book against the ing was allowed only Jesuits, which he hoped to priot. This is the Cambridge.
truth, saith he. He wrote to Mr. Hales to Wickstone said, was ignorant man, and defend a house for a poor man : this was craved might answer counsel, which done before the Proclamation, since which might direct him whereunto the Lord Chan time never meddled therein, said for cellor answered, that this was matter fact my Lord Chancellor most honourably gave him which lay most properly within his own know warning look unto that, which he hath ac ledge, and that must provide answer for complished like good subject her majesty himself, and that needed counsel. —
whom confesseth himself most bounden, thinketh the world beside; and now
hath learned David, not much
touch the lein of the Lord's Anointed. He
hopeth her majesty will likewise forgive him,
she hath forgiven greater offences and besought them good unto him, and
for his part would say with Moses and Paul, That would rather desire wiped out the Book Life, than not perform his duty her maj sty. And concluded.
Mr. Hales began, That albeit were great unto him be convented before their
Whereupon Wickstone confessed, That his wife desired him permit them home his house, which consented unto, knowing the purpose them, and that was all.
Lady Wickstone confessed that the zeal reformation the Church caused her give them entertainment her house, and she was the cause that they came thither, not thinking that had been any way hurtful dangeroes
the state; and she bumbly besought, that
what fault soever she had committed, ber hus band might not punished therefore, since
Eliz. whereby print
London, Oxford and -
#. joyed ordships, yet this
was not that they were request.
privy,
but
only
her means and
his Judges, that were the governors and judges Hereupon Mr. Puckering, the queen's Ser of the land, which could and would do him jeant, began lay open the enormities those nothing else but justice; confessed the Books, which they had court, and divers blessing God exceeding great unto clauses thcin were read. First, he affirmed the Commonwealth for placing her majesty they tended the ruin the whole state,
over the same, whose means we enjoy that peace which other nations want, and we happy
next the abolishing
vernment, the removing
service, the overthrow
ecclesiastical go manner
laws and yet, say
disclaimed the books; thought gra any thing, whom he owed much reverence, him that had Înar ried his aunt. Sir Richard desired him lend
that live under her
they, laws which resist these men, are
more to be allowed than those which maintain
stews. But Penry will never give that over, says, though the Spaniards were overthrown
and disconifited famine and hunger, yet the Lord will raise them again, and make weak and feeble generation overthrow us.
here was read great part the Epitome, Puckering. This most scornful and sed
but had great reason tify Richard Anightly
his house for poor unan, the which con descended; but knew not the man, nor his intent; met with Penry Coventry, sermon, who desired him direct him his house, there had “The Supplication the Parliament' that was printed Oxford
tious; But what their conclusion They told him would print Mr. Cartwright's book conclude, our parliament and councils as against the Romish Testament was sembled where truth beareth sway: which
privy that there was press there, but nothing most false and scandalous: but this their cise. was easy matter for wiser man government uot received, those the parlia
than himself thus overtaken; Penry him ment-house nor their seed shall never prosper, self was not inflicted nor impeached. And nor they ever bear any more rule England. hoped, man ignorantly did receive Traitor And Penry will never leave, till either this
Jesuit, that was not treason, unless him seif knew of it.
performed, that the Lord vengeance
and blood plague and punish us. --Tor
the other book “Have you any work for the
Cooper? ' therein affirmed that our Church
Government utterly unlawful And albeit this form of theirs would be inconvenieut
many points, yet every christian bound receive pastors, doctors, elders and deacons. For Martin junior, affirms that unlawful
Attorney. You acknowledge you book of him —Hases. do.
had
Attorney. And you cane the maker Hales. was before the Proclamation.
second Proclamation. Hereupon was read the first Proclamation, made Eliz. against
Atto, acy.
was after.
Hales. was after the first, and before the
have any other government, that human Schismatical and Seditious Libels, Dr. Brown, laws maintaining any other form are ungodly,
and such others. -
and not obeyed that the warrant that Hales. But Mr. Penry's was Libel, for bishops have maintain their authority, no he subscribed his name. better than that which did maintain the stews;
Attorney. There doubt but that antichrist the head their doctrine,
label, though
subscribed: whereunto and they part his body. For Martin sc
*
in to 27
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-
1209] STATE TRIALS, Eliz. 1588. -and others, for Sedition. [1279
nior, he loudly termeth the book of common Inost lewd, dangerous and seditious, and pernici service, the . . . . . . book at Lambeth, that ous the state, most scandalous respect 100,000 hands would sign to their positions our adversaries the Papists, who took occasion and government which they seek. And fur our disagreement: that they were slanderous ther, that they are the strength of the land, her majesty, accusing her for not main that it were no policy to reject their suit at taining religion. Whereas she for defence such a time when the land was invaded. religion only hath scared the enemies the
After which, they read Richard's Examin state; that the sword war had been drawn
ation, wherein confessed that Penry came out against her for that cause nay, the sword
unto him befose but when Sharp the mi death had compassed her chair her own nister told him the books were leud and dan chamber [Mr. Parrie and Mr. Barnewell]:
gerous, caused them pulled down, and Notwithstanding she, nothing dismayed, being
that knew book but ‘The Epitome. ’ princely magnanimity and fortitude, hath
He sent ring his man Jackson Penry not feared any these dangers only for reli
receive load stuff into his house, which gion sake. That they took away her majesty's
was the press and other necessaries for print regal power, disinherited noblemen and gentle
ing. Newman the cobler wore his livery, and men, took away property, abolished the
Wastal bis man helped Walgrave away from reverend estate and calling bishops, which his house, Mr. Hales Coventry Tox his are one of the three ancient estates of this
schoolmaster, and Wastal his man, would com land; and they meant pick out one stone
monly read the books
and scoff and scorn Sharp saith, that
Walgrave, Newman told him. The Epitome man highly favoured the queen, and much was printed there that when was told bounden more than ordinarily any his state. Richard his house would searched, an Yet notwithstanding, said Mr. Vice-Chanber swered, the knaves durst not search his house; lain, you beloved yet justice and they did, would have coursed them. must done without affection compassion;
Richard's house, after another, till they pulled the whole house Canterbury. on their heads. That the faults of them there
John
Richard conferred with present were gross and grievous; Richard,
The printer's man saith, that the ‘Mind for puniantur runiaris let the ina All's, were printed there, but Richard an gistrate punish offenders, lest himself pu swered, never knew much before. ‘Have nished. And again, St. Augustine saith, percat you any work for the Cooper? ' went hand unus pereat unitas; the offender rather there, but they went away then Coventry. punished, than the unity the church
The printer's man would have submitted him confounded. That their ignorance was excuse, self long before, but sir Richard advised him that ignorance which was wilful and malicious not any case, for the lords were only escape the punishment law, which incensed, should hanged were high offence any privity. That was catched. For Hales, Have you any work for sillier answer Mr. Wickstone, say his'
the Cooper? was printed his house, came once the press they were printing
wife desired him, great folly ruled her, and she passed the modesty her sex rule him. And sir John Parrot said ex
Mrs. Wickstone confesseth, Martin junior and
Martin senior were printed her house, she pressly, thought him worthy the greater gave them entertainment, and placed them punishment for giving such foolish, answer
parlour; her husband knew hot till was that he did his wife's desire.
done; she told him, was works embroider
ing, and willed him will his servants not
peep pry into the parlour, since pertained
not them: Hodgskins and two more printed
them all. Hodgskins was desired print and not this: that the county Northampton more, but he refused. Hodgskins confesseth did swarm with these Sectaries, and one
that printed them two; and from Mr. Wick stone's they were conveyed Warrington
Lancashire She gave them 6d. their de parture, and her husband 2s.
place there was Presbytery planted among
them, till length one the brethren had off fended, wherefore the other would have pu nished him but he, when should punish ed, fled, and complained justice peace,
Upon this Mr. Solicitor Egerton began
declare the danger these Books, that they and their power surceased, and revealed;
tended confusion states, take away whereby noted the vanity their govern
her majesty's prerogative royal, the diminu ment: yea, said he, procceded far
tion her yearly revenue, where she this that country, that the people were offull con time was forced sell her revenues for main tention, and some places had risen arms
tenance her realm and people, the dis about that quarrel; whereby concluded herison great number their patronages was necessary prevent such mischief, and
and advowsons and appropriations, the abro make example and desired the judges
gating the common law and the civil law many points: Whereupon desired their lordships proceed sentence.
notify his action herein their circuits abroad, the end the whole realin might have know
The Lord Chancellor gave the assembly that stood note, that these prisoners were not the devisers and makers these books; for they had, another place had been for them,
ledge and the people more seduced All the Lords agreed that the Books were with these lewd libellers. For punishment,
to
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1271) ' STATE TRIALS, 32 Eltz. 1990. -Trial of John Udall,
they agreed that Richard should fined 500 marks; Mrs. Wickstone
[1272
1000l. f. her majesty's
2,000l. ”; Mr. Hales, 1000 marks; Mr. Wick and
them Imprisonment
stone for obeying his wife, and not discovering
This Richard Knightly was divers times
chosen member parliament for the county
Northampton, the reign queen Elizabeth.
He was great favourer the Puritan party, Papists. Bridges's Northamptonshire, Jebb, and the expence printing their libels, fol. 63.
reported, being influenced
some other leading ministers
these libels were printed one
had travelling press this purpose, which great patrons and abettors were sir Richard was once brought down Fawesley, and from Knightly and Wickstone, persons other re thence several stages removed Manches spects sober and pious, but drawn into the ter, where both the press and the workmen party some instruments that were make wore seized the earl Derby. For this private market them. However the knights offence Richard Knightly, and his confede. had pretty round fine laid them the rates, were cited into the Star-Chamber, and Star-Chamber but the archbishop Canter
severely censured: but upon the intercession archbishop Whitgift, whom they had most
bury was generously good-natured, procure remission her majesty's hands. See Camden's Eliz. the Complete
History England, vol. pag. 550.
sulted, they liberty, were set
and had their fines remitted. But though thus zealous
-
pleasure.
the Puritan faction, joined with sir Francis Hastings presenting petition the house
commons, for granting Toleration the
Camden says, That this time several Walgrave, who church England the dissenters: ther
Snape, and
this county; scurrilous pamphlets were published against the
68. The Trial Mr. Joh UDALI, Puritan Minister, Croydon
ELIz. 24th July, 1590. Himself. ]
ON Tuesday the 13th January, 1580,
appeared my lord Cobham's house the know who he was.
Blackfriers, before my lord Cobham, my lord Ander. this true, Mr. Beadle? Buckhurst, my lord Anderson, the bishop Beadle. have heard that there was such Rochester, Mr. Fortescue, Mr. Egerton, the thing, but was not there please
Assizes, for Felony: [Wrote
gueen's Solicitor, Dr. Aubery, and Dr. Lewen. Then was called before them; whereupon my lord Anderson said unto me.
Anderson. How long have you been Newcastle
your lordship.
Aubery, Lewen. There was such thing, my lord's grace told us.
U. am the hardlier dealt withal. be fetched far this time the year.
have had journey would not wish unto my enemy.
Roch. You may thank your own dealing
matters that you should not have meddled withal.
Ander. more than heard, that ever you were called answer; but you are an swer concerning other books.
hope your lordships will not urge me
any others, seeing was sent for about those. Ander. You must answer to others also
what say you those books? Demonstra tion Dialogue, &c. did not you make then?
cannot answer thereunto.
Ander. Why would you clear yourself
Martin, and not these, but that you are guilty herein
Udall. About year, ship.
please your lord -
Ander. Why went you from Kingston upon Thames
Udall. Because was silenced there, and was called Newcastle.
Rochester. What calling had you thither
Udall. The people made means Huntingdon, who sent me thither.
Roch. Had you the allowance of that diocese?
my lord the bishop
Udall.
Roch. archbishop.
There was none that time. Then you should have gone
the
York
Udall. There was neither.
archbishop ~
Ander. You are called hither to answer concerning certain Books, which are thought
your making.
for any Martin's Books (ac
cording my Lord Chamberlain's Letters, that fetched me, import) have already answered, and am ready again.
Ander. Where have you answered and what manner
Lambeth, year and half ago,
Not so, my lord; have reason an
cleared myself not the author, nor
swer the one, and not Ander. pray you let
the other.
hear what reason.
seeing they are written concerning one matter.
for cannot conceive
This the matter, my lord; matter proposed them
would not thought handle
ner, which the former books do; and because
hold the one, but
that man
to V. Ts. be
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32
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at
1273] STATE TRIALS, 32 Eliz. 1590–for Felony. [1274.
think otherwise of the latter, I care not though they should be fathered upon me.
