100; author of a great
loistorical
work, parts of which
Athen.
Athen.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - a
Hell.
i.
4.
Androcles, endeavoured to connect this and similar $ 13--20. ) He signalised his return by conduci-
offences with the mutilation of the Hermae. In ing the mystic procession to Eleusis, which had
spite of his demands for an investigation, Alci- been interrupted since the occupation of Deceleia.
biades was sent out with Nicias and Lamachus in But his unsuccessful expedition against Andros
command of the fleet, but was recalled before he and the defeat at Notium, occasioned during his
could carry out the plan of operations which at his absence by the imprudence of his Lieutenani, An-
suggestion had been adopted, namely, to endeavour tiochus, who brought on an engagement against his
to win over the Greek towns in Sicily, except orders, furnished his enemies with a handle against
Syracuse and Selinus, and excite the native Sicels him, and he was superseded in his command.
to revolt, and then attack Syracuse. He was (B. C. 406. )
allowed to accompany the Salaminia in his own Thinking that Athens would scarcely be a safe
galley, but managed to escape at Thurii, from place for him, Alcibiades went into voluntary exile
which place he crossed over to Cyllene, and thence
proceeded to Sparta at the invitation of the * Shortly after the victory at Abydos, Alci-
Spartan gorernment. He now appeared as the biades paid a visit to Tissaphernes, who had ar-
avowed enemy of liis country ; disclosed to the rived in the neighbourhood of the Hellespont, but
Spartans the plans of the Athenians, and recom- was arrested by him and sent to Sardis. After a
mended them to send Gylippus to Syracuse, and month's imprisonment, however, he succeeded in
to fortify Deceleia (Thuc. vi. 88, &c. , vii. 18, making his escape. (Xen. Hellen. i. 1. § 9. )
## p. 101 (#121) ############################################
ALCIDAMAS.
101
ALCIMACHIUS.
to his fortified domain at Bisanthe in the Thracian mas, such as an Eulogy on Dcath, in which he
Chersonesus. He collected a band of mercenaries, enumerated the evils of human life, and of which
and made war on the neighbouring Thracian Cicero seems to speak with great praise (Tusc. i.
tribes, by which means he considerably enriched 48); a shew-speech, called Moyos Meconiakos
himself, and afforded protection to the neighbour-(Aristot. Rhet. i. 13. & 5); a work on music (Sui-
ing Greek cities. Before the fatal battle of Aegos das, s. v. 'Arxidápas); and some scientific works
Potami (B. C. 405), he gave an ineffcctual warning to viz one on rhetoric (réxum ortopenh, Plut. Demosth.
the Athenian generals. After the establishment 5), and another called Hoyos quorkós (Diog. Laert.
of the tyranny of the Thirty (B. C. 404), be was viii. 56); but all of them are now lost. Tzetzes
condemned to banishment. Upon this he took (Chil. xi. 752) had still before him several orations
refuge with Pharnabazus, and was about to pro- of Alcidamas, but we now possess only two decla-
ceed to the court of Artaxerxes, when one night mations which go under his name. 1. Οδυσσεύς,
bis house was surrounded by a band of armed men, kata Manaundous apodoolas, in which Odysseus
and set on fire. He rushed out sword in hand, is made to accuse Palamedes of treachery to the
but fell, pierced with arrows. (B. C. 404. ) Ac- cause of the Greeks during the siege of Troy. 2.
cording to Diodorus and Ephorus (Diod. xiv. 11) Tepl oplotūv, in which the author sets forth the
the assassing were emissaries of Pharnabazus, whó advantages of delivering extempore speeches orer
had been led to this step either by his own jealousy those which have previously been written out.
of Alcibiades, or by the instigation of the Spartans. These two orations, the second of which is the bet-
It is more probable that they were either enıployed ter one, both in form and thought, bear scarcely
by the Spartans, or (according to one account in any traces of the faults which Aristotle and Dio-
Plutarch) by the brothers of a lady whom Alci- nysius censure in the works of Alcidamas ; their
biades had seduced. His corpse was taken up fault is rather being frigid and insipid. It has
and buried by his mistress Timandra Athenaeus therefore been maintained by several critics, that
(xiii. p. 574) mentions a monument erected to his these orations are not the works of Alcidamas ;
memory at Melissa, the place of his death, and a and with regard to the first of them, the suppo
statue of him erected thereon by the emperor sition is supported by strong probability ; the se-
Hadrian, who also instituted certain yearly sacri- cond may have been written by Alcidamas with a
fices in his honour. He left a son by his wife view to counteract the influence of Isocrates. The
Hipparete, named Alcibiades, who never distin- first edition of them is that in the collection of
guished bimself
. It was for bim that Isocrates Greek orators published by Aldus, Venice, 1513,
wrote the speech Nepi Toù Zeúgous. Two of fol. The best modern editions are those in Reiske's
Lysias's speeches (xiv. and xv. ) are directed Oratores Graeci, vol. viii. p. 64, &c. ; and in
against him. The fortune which he left behind Bekker's Oratores Attici, vol. vii. (Oxford. ) (L. S. ]
him turned out to be smaller than his patrimony. A’LCIDAS ('Alvidas), was appointed, B. C.
(Plut. Alcib. and Nicias; Thucyd. lib. v. - - viii. ; 428, commander of the Peloponnesian fleet, which
Xenophon, Hellen. lib. i. i. ; Andoc. in Alcib. and was sent to Lesbos for the relief of Mytilene, then
de Myster. ; Isocr. De Bigis; Nepos, Alcib. ; Diod. besieged by the Athenians. But Mytilene sur-
xii. 78–84, xii. 2–5, 37-41, 45, 46, 49–51, rendered to the Athenians seven days before the
64-73; Athen. i. p. 3, iv. p. 184, v. pp. 215, 216, Peloponnesian fleet arrived on the coast of Asia ;
ix. p. 407, xi. p. 506, xii. pp. 525, 534, 535, xiü. and Alcidas, who, like most of the Spartan com-
pp. 574, 575. )
(C. P. M. ] manders, had little enterprise, resolved to return
ALCIBI'ADES ('Annibráðns), a Spartan exile, home, although he was recommended either to at-
was restored to his country about B. c. 184, by the tempt the recovery of Mytilene or to make a de
Achaeans, but was ungrateful enough to go as am- scent upon the Ionian coast. While sailing along
bassador from Sparta to Rome, in order to accuse the coast, he captured many vessels, and put to death
Philopoemen and the Achaeans. (Polyb. xxiii. 4, all the Athenian allies whom he took. From Ephesus
11, 12, xxiv. 4; Liv. Ixxix. 35. )
he sailed home with the utmost speed, being chased
ALCI'DAMAS (Alidáwas), a Greek rheto by the Athenian fleet, under Paches, as far as Patmos.
rician, was a native of Elaea in Aeolis, in Asia (Thuc. iii. 16, 26–33. ) After receiving reinforce-
Minor. (Quintil. ii. 1. $ 10, with Spalding's rote. ) ments, Alcidas sailed to Corcyra, B. C. 427 ; and
He was a pupil of Gurgias, and resided at Athens when the Athenians and Corcyraeans sailed out to
between the years B. C. 432 and 411. Here he meet him, he defeated them and drove them back
gave instructions in eloquence, according to Eudo to the island. With his habitual caution, how-
cia (p. 100), as the successor of his master, and ever, he would not follow up the advantage he had
was the last of that sophistical school, with which gained ; and being informed that a large Athenian
the only object of eloquence was to please the Aeet was approaching, he sailed back to Pelopon.
hearers by the pomp and brilliancy of words. That nesus. (iii. 69–81. ) In B. C. 426, he was one
the works of Alcidamas bore the strongest marks of the leaders of the colony founded by the Lace-
of this character of his school is stated by Aris daemonians at Heracleia, near Thermopylae. (iii.
totle (Rhet. iii. 3. § 8), who censures his pompous 92. ).
diction and extravagant use of poetical epithets and ÁLCI'DICE ('AAKLðinn), the daughter of Aleus,
phrases, and by Dionysius (De Isaco, 19), who and wife of Salmoneus, by whom she had a daugh-
calls his style vulgar and inflated. He is said to ter, Tyro. Alcidice died early, and Salmoneus
have been an opponent of Isocrates (Tzetz. Chil. afterwards married Sidero. (Diod. iv. 68 ; Apol-
xi. 672), but whether this statement refers to real lod. i. 9. $ 8. )
(L. S. )
personal enmity, or whether it is merely an infer- ALCI'MACHUS, a painter mentioned by
ence from the fact, that Alcidamas condemned the Pliny. (H. N. xxxv. 11. s. 40. ) He is not
practice of writir. g orations for the purpose of deli-spoken of by any other writer, and all that is
vering them, is uncertain.
known about him is, that be painted a picture of
The ancients mention several works of Alcida- Dioxippus, a victor in the pancratium at Olympia.
## p. 102 (#122) ############################################
102
ALCIMUS.
ALCIXOCS.
Dioxippus lived in the time of Alexander the , cilinn Alcimus, who appears to have been the
Creat. " (Aelian, 1. 11. x. 2. 2 ; Diod. xvii.
100; author of a great loistorical work, parts of which
Athen. vi. p. 251, a. ) Alcimachus therefore pro- are referred to under the names of 'Italia and
Lably lived about the same time. (C. P. M. ] Eikehiká. But whether he was the sime as the
ALCI'MEDE ('AAkvéôn), a daughter of Phy- rhetorician Alcimus, cannot be determined. (Athen.
lacus and Clymene, the daughter of Minyas. (Apol- . x. p. 41), xii. p. 518, vii. p. 322. ). (L. S. )
lon. Rhod. j. 45 ; Schol. ad luc. and ud i. 230. ) A’LCIMUS (AVI'TUS) ALEʼTHUS, the
She married Aeson, by whom she became the writer of seven short poems in the Latin anthology,
mother of Jason (Ov. Heroul, iv. 105 ; Hygin. whom Wernsdorf has shewn (Poüt. Lat. Min. vol.
F'ul. 13 and 14), who, however, is called by others vi. p. 26, &c. ) to be the same person ns Alcimus,
a son of Polymede, Arne, or Scarphe. (Apollod. i. | the rhetorician in Aquitania, in Gaul, who is spoken
9. $ 8 ; comp. AEsox, Jason. ) (L. S. ] of in terms of high praise by Sidonius Apollinaris,
ALCI'MEDON ('Alkimédww). 1. An Arca-|(Epist. viii. 11, v. 10. ) and Ausonius. (Profess.
dian hero, from whom the Arcadian plain Alcime- Buruial. ii. ) His date is determined by Hiero-
don derived its name. He was the father of nyms in his Chronicon, who says that Alcimus
Phillo, by whom Heracles begot a son, Aechma- and Delplnidius taught in Aquitania in A. D. 360.
goras, whom Alcimedon exposed, but Heracles His poems are superior to most of his time.
siived. (Paus. viii. 12. $ 2. ) (AECHM AGORAS. ) They are printed by Meier, in his “ Anthologia
2. One of the Tyrrhenian sailors, who wanted Latina,” ep. 254. –200, and by Wernsdorf, vol. vi.
to carry off the infant Dionysus from Naxos, but p. 194, &c.
was metamorphosed, with his companions, into a ALCI'NOUS (Axivoos). 1. A son of Nau-
dolphin. (Or. Met. iii. 618 ; Hygin. Fut. 134 ; sithous, and grandson of Poseidon. His name is
comp. ACOETES. )
celebrated in the story of the Argonauts, and still
3. A son of Laerceus, and one of the comman- more in that of the wanderings of Odysseus. In
ders of the Myrmidons under Patroclus. (Hom. II. the former Alcinous is represented as living with
xvi. 197, xvii. 475, &c. )
(L. S. ) his queen Arete in the island of Drepane. The
ALCI'MEDON, an embosser or chaser, spoken Argonauts, on their return from Colchis, came to
of by Virgil (Eclog. ii. 37, 44), who men:ions his island, and were most hospitably received.
some goblets of his workmanship. [C. P. M. ] When the Colchians, in their pursuit of the Argo-
ALCI'MENES ('Annouévms). 1. A son of nauts, likewise arrived in Drepane, and demanded
Glaucus, who was unintentionally killed by his that Medeia should be delivered up to them, Alci-
brother Bellerophon. According to some tradi- nous declared that if she was still a maiden she
tions, this brother of Bellerophon was called Deli- should be restored to them, but if she was already
ades, or Peiren. (Apollod. ii. 3. § 1. )
the wife of Jason, he would protect her and her
2. One of the sons of Jason and Medeia. When husband against the Colchians. The Colchians were
Jason subsequently wanted to marry Glauce, his obliged, by the contrivance of Arete, to depart with-
sons Alcimenes and Tisander were murdered by out their princess, and the Argonauts continued
Medeia, and were afterwards buried by Jason in their voyage homewards, after they had received
the sanctuary of Hera at Corinth. (Diod. iv. 54, munificent presents from Alcinous. (Apollon. Rhod.
55. )
(L. S. ) iv. 990-12:25; Orph. Argon. 1288, &c. ; Apollod.
ÁLCI'MENES ('Alaiuévns), an Athenian comic i. 9. $ 25, 26. ) According to Homer, Alcinous is
poet, apparently a contemporary of Aeschylus. the happy ruler of the Phaeacians in the island of
One of his pieces is supposed to have been the Scheria, who has by Arete five sons and one daugh-
Kon vubwoal (the Female Swimmers). His works ter, Nausicaa. (Od. vi. 12, &c. , 62, &c. ) The
were greatly admired by Tynnichus, a younger description of his palace and his dominions, the
contemporary of Aeschylus.
mode in which Odysseus is received, the enter-
There was a tragic writer of the same name, a tainments given to him, and the stories be related
native of Megara, mentioned by Suidas. (Meineke, to the king about his own wanderings, occupy a
Hist. Crit. Čomicorum Gruec. p. 481; Suid. s. v. considerable portion of the Odyssey (from book vi.
'Αλκιμένης and 'Αλκμάν )
(C. P. M. ) to xiii. ), and form one of its most charming parts.
A'LCIMUS (™AAKIJOS), also called Jacimus, or (Comp. Hygin. Fal. 125 and 126. )
Joachim (ʻláxeruos), one of the Jewish priests, who 2. A son of Hippothoon, who, in conjunction
espoused the Syrian cause. He was made high with his father and eleven brothers, expelled Ica-
priest by Demetrius, about B. c. 161, and was in- | rion and Tyndareus from Lacedaemon, but was
stalled in his office by the help of a Syrian army. afterwards killed, with his father and brothers, by
In consequence of his cruelties he was expelled by Heracles. (Apollod. ii. 10. $ 5. ) [L. S. )
the Jews, and obliged to fly to Antioch, but was A'LCINOUS ('Aakivuvs), a Platonic philoso-
restored by the help of another Syrian army. He pher, who probably lived under the Caesars. No
continued in his office, under the protection of the thing is known of his personal history, but a work
Syrians, till his death, which happened suddenly entitled 'EHITOun Tuv Miátwvos doyudtwv, CON-
(1. c. 159) while he was pulling down the wall of taining an analysis of the Platonic philosophy, as
the temple that divided the court of the Gentiles it was set forth by late writers, has been preserved.
from that of the Israelites. (Joseph. Ant. Jud. xii. The treatise is written rather in the manner of
9. $ 7; 1 Maccab. vii. ix. )
Aristotle than of Plato, and the author has not
ALCIMUS ('Adrios), a Greek rhetorician hesitated to introduce any of the views of other
whom Diogenes Laertius (ii. 114) calls the most philosophers which seemed to add to the complete-
distinguished of all Greek rhetoricians, tiourished ness of the system. Thus the parts of the syllo-
about B. c. 300. It is not certain whether he is gism (c. 6), the doctrine of the mean and of the
one same as the Alcimus to whom Diogenes in élers and evepyciai (c. 2. 8), are attributed to
another passage (iii. 9) ascribes a work #pos 'Apúr. Plato; as well as the division of pliilosophy which
tar. Athenaeus in several places speaks of a Si- was common to the Peripatetics and Stvics. It
## p. 103 (#123) ############################################
ALCIPIIRON.
103
ALCIPPE.
Androcles, endeavoured to connect this and similar $ 13--20. ) He signalised his return by conduci-
offences with the mutilation of the Hermae. In ing the mystic procession to Eleusis, which had
spite of his demands for an investigation, Alci- been interrupted since the occupation of Deceleia.
biades was sent out with Nicias and Lamachus in But his unsuccessful expedition against Andros
command of the fleet, but was recalled before he and the defeat at Notium, occasioned during his
could carry out the plan of operations which at his absence by the imprudence of his Lieutenani, An-
suggestion had been adopted, namely, to endeavour tiochus, who brought on an engagement against his
to win over the Greek towns in Sicily, except orders, furnished his enemies with a handle against
Syracuse and Selinus, and excite the native Sicels him, and he was superseded in his command.
to revolt, and then attack Syracuse. He was (B. C. 406. )
allowed to accompany the Salaminia in his own Thinking that Athens would scarcely be a safe
galley, but managed to escape at Thurii, from place for him, Alcibiades went into voluntary exile
which place he crossed over to Cyllene, and thence
proceeded to Sparta at the invitation of the * Shortly after the victory at Abydos, Alci-
Spartan gorernment. He now appeared as the biades paid a visit to Tissaphernes, who had ar-
avowed enemy of liis country ; disclosed to the rived in the neighbourhood of the Hellespont, but
Spartans the plans of the Athenians, and recom- was arrested by him and sent to Sardis. After a
mended them to send Gylippus to Syracuse, and month's imprisonment, however, he succeeded in
to fortify Deceleia (Thuc. vi. 88, &c. , vii. 18, making his escape. (Xen. Hellen. i. 1. § 9. )
## p. 101 (#121) ############################################
ALCIDAMAS.
101
ALCIMACHIUS.
to his fortified domain at Bisanthe in the Thracian mas, such as an Eulogy on Dcath, in which he
Chersonesus. He collected a band of mercenaries, enumerated the evils of human life, and of which
and made war on the neighbouring Thracian Cicero seems to speak with great praise (Tusc. i.
tribes, by which means he considerably enriched 48); a shew-speech, called Moyos Meconiakos
himself, and afforded protection to the neighbour-(Aristot. Rhet. i. 13. & 5); a work on music (Sui-
ing Greek cities. Before the fatal battle of Aegos das, s. v. 'Arxidápas); and some scientific works
Potami (B. C. 405), he gave an ineffcctual warning to viz one on rhetoric (réxum ortopenh, Plut. Demosth.
the Athenian generals. After the establishment 5), and another called Hoyos quorkós (Diog. Laert.
of the tyranny of the Thirty (B. C. 404), be was viii. 56); but all of them are now lost. Tzetzes
condemned to banishment. Upon this he took (Chil. xi. 752) had still before him several orations
refuge with Pharnabazus, and was about to pro- of Alcidamas, but we now possess only two decla-
ceed to the court of Artaxerxes, when one night mations which go under his name. 1. Οδυσσεύς,
bis house was surrounded by a band of armed men, kata Manaundous apodoolas, in which Odysseus
and set on fire. He rushed out sword in hand, is made to accuse Palamedes of treachery to the
but fell, pierced with arrows. (B. C. 404. ) Ac- cause of the Greeks during the siege of Troy. 2.
cording to Diodorus and Ephorus (Diod. xiv. 11) Tepl oplotūv, in which the author sets forth the
the assassing were emissaries of Pharnabazus, whó advantages of delivering extempore speeches orer
had been led to this step either by his own jealousy those which have previously been written out.
of Alcibiades, or by the instigation of the Spartans. These two orations, the second of which is the bet-
It is more probable that they were either enıployed ter one, both in form and thought, bear scarcely
by the Spartans, or (according to one account in any traces of the faults which Aristotle and Dio-
Plutarch) by the brothers of a lady whom Alci- nysius censure in the works of Alcidamas ; their
biades had seduced. His corpse was taken up fault is rather being frigid and insipid. It has
and buried by his mistress Timandra Athenaeus therefore been maintained by several critics, that
(xiii. p. 574) mentions a monument erected to his these orations are not the works of Alcidamas ;
memory at Melissa, the place of his death, and a and with regard to the first of them, the suppo
statue of him erected thereon by the emperor sition is supported by strong probability ; the se-
Hadrian, who also instituted certain yearly sacri- cond may have been written by Alcidamas with a
fices in his honour. He left a son by his wife view to counteract the influence of Isocrates. The
Hipparete, named Alcibiades, who never distin- first edition of them is that in the collection of
guished bimself
. It was for bim that Isocrates Greek orators published by Aldus, Venice, 1513,
wrote the speech Nepi Toù Zeúgous. Two of fol. The best modern editions are those in Reiske's
Lysias's speeches (xiv. and xv. ) are directed Oratores Graeci, vol. viii. p. 64, &c. ; and in
against him. The fortune which he left behind Bekker's Oratores Attici, vol. vii. (Oxford. ) (L. S. ]
him turned out to be smaller than his patrimony. A’LCIDAS ('Alvidas), was appointed, B. C.
(Plut. Alcib. and Nicias; Thucyd. lib. v. - - viii. ; 428, commander of the Peloponnesian fleet, which
Xenophon, Hellen. lib. i. i. ; Andoc. in Alcib. and was sent to Lesbos for the relief of Mytilene, then
de Myster. ; Isocr. De Bigis; Nepos, Alcib. ; Diod. besieged by the Athenians. But Mytilene sur-
xii. 78–84, xii. 2–5, 37-41, 45, 46, 49–51, rendered to the Athenians seven days before the
64-73; Athen. i. p. 3, iv. p. 184, v. pp. 215, 216, Peloponnesian fleet arrived on the coast of Asia ;
ix. p. 407, xi. p. 506, xii. pp. 525, 534, 535, xiü. and Alcidas, who, like most of the Spartan com-
pp. 574, 575. )
(C. P. M. ] manders, had little enterprise, resolved to return
ALCIBI'ADES ('Annibráðns), a Spartan exile, home, although he was recommended either to at-
was restored to his country about B. c. 184, by the tempt the recovery of Mytilene or to make a de
Achaeans, but was ungrateful enough to go as am- scent upon the Ionian coast. While sailing along
bassador from Sparta to Rome, in order to accuse the coast, he captured many vessels, and put to death
Philopoemen and the Achaeans. (Polyb. xxiii. 4, all the Athenian allies whom he took. From Ephesus
11, 12, xxiv. 4; Liv. Ixxix. 35. )
he sailed home with the utmost speed, being chased
ALCI'DAMAS (Alidáwas), a Greek rheto by the Athenian fleet, under Paches, as far as Patmos.
rician, was a native of Elaea in Aeolis, in Asia (Thuc. iii. 16, 26–33. ) After receiving reinforce-
Minor. (Quintil. ii. 1. $ 10, with Spalding's rote. ) ments, Alcidas sailed to Corcyra, B. C. 427 ; and
He was a pupil of Gurgias, and resided at Athens when the Athenians and Corcyraeans sailed out to
between the years B. C. 432 and 411. Here he meet him, he defeated them and drove them back
gave instructions in eloquence, according to Eudo to the island. With his habitual caution, how-
cia (p. 100), as the successor of his master, and ever, he would not follow up the advantage he had
was the last of that sophistical school, with which gained ; and being informed that a large Athenian
the only object of eloquence was to please the Aeet was approaching, he sailed back to Pelopon.
hearers by the pomp and brilliancy of words. That nesus. (iii. 69–81. ) In B. C. 426, he was one
the works of Alcidamas bore the strongest marks of the leaders of the colony founded by the Lace-
of this character of his school is stated by Aris daemonians at Heracleia, near Thermopylae. (iii.
totle (Rhet. iii. 3. § 8), who censures his pompous 92. ).
diction and extravagant use of poetical epithets and ÁLCI'DICE ('AAKLðinn), the daughter of Aleus,
phrases, and by Dionysius (De Isaco, 19), who and wife of Salmoneus, by whom she had a daugh-
calls his style vulgar and inflated. He is said to ter, Tyro. Alcidice died early, and Salmoneus
have been an opponent of Isocrates (Tzetz. Chil. afterwards married Sidero. (Diod. iv. 68 ; Apol-
xi. 672), but whether this statement refers to real lod. i. 9. $ 8. )
(L. S. )
personal enmity, or whether it is merely an infer- ALCI'MACHUS, a painter mentioned by
ence from the fact, that Alcidamas condemned the Pliny. (H. N. xxxv. 11. s. 40. ) He is not
practice of writir. g orations for the purpose of deli-spoken of by any other writer, and all that is
vering them, is uncertain.
known about him is, that be painted a picture of
The ancients mention several works of Alcida- Dioxippus, a victor in the pancratium at Olympia.
## p. 102 (#122) ############################################
102
ALCIMUS.
ALCIXOCS.
Dioxippus lived in the time of Alexander the , cilinn Alcimus, who appears to have been the
Creat. " (Aelian, 1. 11. x. 2. 2 ; Diod. xvii.
100; author of a great loistorical work, parts of which
Athen. vi. p. 251, a. ) Alcimachus therefore pro- are referred to under the names of 'Italia and
Lably lived about the same time. (C. P. M. ] Eikehiká. But whether he was the sime as the
ALCI'MEDE ('AAkvéôn), a daughter of Phy- rhetorician Alcimus, cannot be determined. (Athen.
lacus and Clymene, the daughter of Minyas. (Apol- . x. p. 41), xii. p. 518, vii. p. 322. ). (L. S. )
lon. Rhod. j. 45 ; Schol. ad luc. and ud i. 230. ) A’LCIMUS (AVI'TUS) ALEʼTHUS, the
She married Aeson, by whom she became the writer of seven short poems in the Latin anthology,
mother of Jason (Ov. Heroul, iv. 105 ; Hygin. whom Wernsdorf has shewn (Poüt. Lat. Min. vol.
F'ul. 13 and 14), who, however, is called by others vi. p. 26, &c. ) to be the same person ns Alcimus,
a son of Polymede, Arne, or Scarphe. (Apollod. i. | the rhetorician in Aquitania, in Gaul, who is spoken
9. $ 8 ; comp. AEsox, Jason. ) (L. S. ] of in terms of high praise by Sidonius Apollinaris,
ALCI'MEDON ('Alkimédww). 1. An Arca-|(Epist. viii. 11, v. 10. ) and Ausonius. (Profess.
dian hero, from whom the Arcadian plain Alcime- Buruial. ii. ) His date is determined by Hiero-
don derived its name. He was the father of nyms in his Chronicon, who says that Alcimus
Phillo, by whom Heracles begot a son, Aechma- and Delplnidius taught in Aquitania in A. D. 360.
goras, whom Alcimedon exposed, but Heracles His poems are superior to most of his time.
siived. (Paus. viii. 12. $ 2. ) (AECHM AGORAS. ) They are printed by Meier, in his “ Anthologia
2. One of the Tyrrhenian sailors, who wanted Latina,” ep. 254. –200, and by Wernsdorf, vol. vi.
to carry off the infant Dionysus from Naxos, but p. 194, &c.
was metamorphosed, with his companions, into a ALCI'NOUS (Axivoos). 1. A son of Nau-
dolphin. (Or. Met. iii. 618 ; Hygin. Fut. 134 ; sithous, and grandson of Poseidon. His name is
comp. ACOETES. )
celebrated in the story of the Argonauts, and still
3. A son of Laerceus, and one of the comman- more in that of the wanderings of Odysseus. In
ders of the Myrmidons under Patroclus. (Hom. II. the former Alcinous is represented as living with
xvi. 197, xvii. 475, &c. )
(L. S. ) his queen Arete in the island of Drepane. The
ALCI'MEDON, an embosser or chaser, spoken Argonauts, on their return from Colchis, came to
of by Virgil (Eclog. ii. 37, 44), who men:ions his island, and were most hospitably received.
some goblets of his workmanship. [C. P. M. ] When the Colchians, in their pursuit of the Argo-
ALCI'MENES ('Annouévms). 1. A son of nauts, likewise arrived in Drepane, and demanded
Glaucus, who was unintentionally killed by his that Medeia should be delivered up to them, Alci-
brother Bellerophon. According to some tradi- nous declared that if she was still a maiden she
tions, this brother of Bellerophon was called Deli- should be restored to them, but if she was already
ades, or Peiren. (Apollod. ii. 3. § 1. )
the wife of Jason, he would protect her and her
2. One of the sons of Jason and Medeia. When husband against the Colchians. The Colchians were
Jason subsequently wanted to marry Glauce, his obliged, by the contrivance of Arete, to depart with-
sons Alcimenes and Tisander were murdered by out their princess, and the Argonauts continued
Medeia, and were afterwards buried by Jason in their voyage homewards, after they had received
the sanctuary of Hera at Corinth. (Diod. iv. 54, munificent presents from Alcinous. (Apollon. Rhod.
55. )
(L. S. ) iv. 990-12:25; Orph. Argon. 1288, &c. ; Apollod.
ÁLCI'MENES ('Alaiuévns), an Athenian comic i. 9. $ 25, 26. ) According to Homer, Alcinous is
poet, apparently a contemporary of Aeschylus. the happy ruler of the Phaeacians in the island of
One of his pieces is supposed to have been the Scheria, who has by Arete five sons and one daugh-
Kon vubwoal (the Female Swimmers). His works ter, Nausicaa. (Od. vi. 12, &c. , 62, &c. ) The
were greatly admired by Tynnichus, a younger description of his palace and his dominions, the
contemporary of Aeschylus.
mode in which Odysseus is received, the enter-
There was a tragic writer of the same name, a tainments given to him, and the stories be related
native of Megara, mentioned by Suidas. (Meineke, to the king about his own wanderings, occupy a
Hist. Crit. Čomicorum Gruec. p. 481; Suid. s. v. considerable portion of the Odyssey (from book vi.
'Αλκιμένης and 'Αλκμάν )
(C. P. M. ) to xiii. ), and form one of its most charming parts.
A'LCIMUS (™AAKIJOS), also called Jacimus, or (Comp. Hygin. Fal. 125 and 126. )
Joachim (ʻláxeruos), one of the Jewish priests, who 2. A son of Hippothoon, who, in conjunction
espoused the Syrian cause. He was made high with his father and eleven brothers, expelled Ica-
priest by Demetrius, about B. c. 161, and was in- | rion and Tyndareus from Lacedaemon, but was
stalled in his office by the help of a Syrian army. afterwards killed, with his father and brothers, by
In consequence of his cruelties he was expelled by Heracles. (Apollod. ii. 10. $ 5. ) [L. S. )
the Jews, and obliged to fly to Antioch, but was A'LCINOUS ('Aakivuvs), a Platonic philoso-
restored by the help of another Syrian army. He pher, who probably lived under the Caesars. No
continued in his office, under the protection of the thing is known of his personal history, but a work
Syrians, till his death, which happened suddenly entitled 'EHITOun Tuv Miátwvos doyudtwv, CON-
(1. c. 159) while he was pulling down the wall of taining an analysis of the Platonic philosophy, as
the temple that divided the court of the Gentiles it was set forth by late writers, has been preserved.
from that of the Israelites. (Joseph. Ant. Jud. xii. The treatise is written rather in the manner of
9. $ 7; 1 Maccab. vii. ix. )
Aristotle than of Plato, and the author has not
ALCIMUS ('Adrios), a Greek rhetorician hesitated to introduce any of the views of other
whom Diogenes Laertius (ii. 114) calls the most philosophers which seemed to add to the complete-
distinguished of all Greek rhetoricians, tiourished ness of the system. Thus the parts of the syllo-
about B. c. 300. It is not certain whether he is gism (c. 6), the doctrine of the mean and of the
one same as the Alcimus to whom Diogenes in élers and evepyciai (c. 2. 8), are attributed to
another passage (iii. 9) ascribes a work #pos 'Apúr. Plato; as well as the division of pliilosophy which
tar. Athenaeus in several places speaks of a Si- was common to the Peripatetics and Stvics. It
## p. 103 (#123) ############################################
ALCIPIIRON.
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ALCIPPE.
