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No. 4395, Jan. 20, 1912
THE ATHENÆUM
61
PAGE
61
62
62-63
65
69
SOCIETIES;
71
75-76
INDEX TO ADVERTISERS
was
Collegiate School (1850), and the Ladies' | building. The story of how public support
SATURDAY, JANUARY 20, 1912.
College, Cheltenham (1853), had already was enlisted, money collected, statutes
attested the vigorous existence of a move- drawn up, and endowment secured is
ment for the better education of women. necessarily fuller, and also more satis-
CONTENTS.
Miss Burstall has one or two good pages factory, than the account of the inner
in which she briefly accounts for this zeal working of the School-indeed, it wohld
MANCHESTER HIGH SCHOOL FOR GIRLS
on behalf of women-tracing it on the seem that few things are more difficult
MATTHEW ARNOLD'S THOUGHTS ON EDUCATION
one hand to that widespread impulse than to draw a faithful and vivid, yet not
NEW NOVELS (Carnival ; What Diantha Did; The
Shadow of Power; Mr. Wycherly's Wards ; Prin.
towards liberation, everywhere and for foolish-seeming, picture of school life.
cess Katharine)
every-one, which ran through half a dozen The attempt here made, though eked out
CONTRIBUTIONS TO EDUCATION (The Teacher's Ency. decades after the French Revolution ; by letters from mistresses and old girls,
clopædia ;. Cyclopedia of Education; The Story
of England ; A Hundred Years of History; Oxford and on the other to the revived interest gives but a faint and ill-characterized im-
German Series; Homer's Odyssey; Household
of Churchmen in the Middle Ages, when pression to the outsider.
Accounts; Mother Craft; Needlework Manuals) 63-64
LIST OF NEW BOOKS
women had enjoyed opportunities for One thing, nevertheless, comes out
study and professional work, and a position clearly, though the writer, no doubt, did
LITERARY GOSSIP
SCIENCE-OUR LIBRARY TABLE (A Geography of the
of dignity and independence, which later not expressly intend it, viz. , that Man-
World ; Wall Atlases ; Map of China ; Laboratory
were denied them.
chester High School was guilty-like its
Exercises in Physical Chemistry; Dictionary of
Applied Chemistry); TOTEMISM;
The Manchester High School for Girls compeers, and doubtless not more so than
MEETINGS NEXT WEEK; GOSSIP
was opened on January 19th, 1874, as the they-of the reckless overworking of its
FINE ARTS-A HISTORY OF FINE ART IN INDIA AND result of earnest recommendation and teachers. Only those who have seen at
CEYLON; WORKS BY ALPHONSK LEGROS; OTHER
EXHIBITIONS ; GOSSIP
72–74 resolute work on the part of the Man- close quarters what were the hardships
MUSIC-ANNALS OF THE IRISH HARPERS; GOSSIP ; chester Association for Promoting the endured, and what the work accomplished,
PERFORMANCES NEXT WEEK . .
74–76
Education of Women. The_Committee by assistant mistresses in High Schools
DRAMA-EDIPUS REX; GOSSIP
declined to join the Girls' Public Day in the first twenty years or so of the
76 School Company–which had been started movement, can realize all that the new
in 1872—intending that, as the School was education cost. The salaries, as is ac-
the creation of Manchester citizens for knowledged, were often miserably poor.
the daughters of their city, so it should Whether this was the case at Manchester
belong to Manchester throughout—in its the present volume does not reveal, and
LITERATURE
management and in its adaptation to we should have welcomed, as making the
local needs and local advantages. Miss record more complete, some note of that
Burstall draws an instructive compari- side of the Committee's financial trans-
son between the somewhat different ideals actions. According to the advertisement
of the three great girls' schools of those in The Atheneum of April 12th, 1873, the
The Story of the Manchester High School early days. Cheltenham College was the salary offered to the first Head Mistress
for Girls. By Sara A. Burstall. (Man- most explicitly religious of the three, a * 2001. a year, with furnished rooms,
chester University Press. )
character which, again, was modified by coal, gas, and attendance (but no board),
its frank insistence on social distinctions; and a capitation fee for pupils after the
This volume is No. VI. of the “ Educa- Miss Buss at the North London Collegiate first sixty”; and it is stated in
tional Series issued by the University of School, animated by an impatient pity extract from the Report of 1881 that
Manchester. It is a meritorious piece of for girls who were thrust out into the 20,4051. had been paid in salaries since
work—satisfactory as reading for the world without any training to render January, 1874. Ill or well paid, however,
present day, and of assured value for future them capable of holding their own in it, recognized or unrecognized by the heed-
historians of education. It gives us not tried to give them the thoroughness and less general public, the assistant High
merely a record of the origin and early accuracy which would fit them for pro- School mistress of those early relentless
progress of a great school, but also—what is fessional work of the same standard as days went not wholly unrewarded. Her
both more interesting and more important their brothers'. The ideal of the citizens work had a glamour upon it which
an account of the inception of a great of Manchester was at once more philo- nowadays, perhaps, has more or less de-
tradition. High Schools for Girls have, sophical and more fully humane. They parted ; she had mostly the high spirits of
of late years, been subject to unfavour desired that every girl—without respect the pioneer, to whom fatigue is of no
able criticism from more than one side, to social standing or to religious belief- account ; and, if she was often called upon
and it seems certain that their methods, should, so far as it could be done, have for heavy self-sacrifice, she made it simply
and even, to some extent, their ideals, are the chance, not only of acquiring ability and without question, as if embracing a
destined to undergo considerable modifica- to earn her own living, but also, and privilege.
tion. But no criticism, and no modifica- especially, of attaining to culture and Among the many improved details of
tions of the curriculum, can affect our the development of her powers. Nothing present management one
cannot but
admiration for the generous wisdom of in the book is finer than the extracts view with special approval the adoption
those who started them, or for the gal- from divers reports and memorials in of the custom of the Sabbatical term.
lantry, devotedness, and joyous trust in which the Committee had occasion to After ten years' service a mistress has a
themselves and their leaders with which set forth the reasons for the establish-term's leave of absence, with full salary
the women of the seventies and eighties ment of this School. Their plain and and without the expense of providing a
gave themselves to the task that was sober language carries
carries the thrill of substitute, in order that she may recruit
offered to their hands.
enthusiasm in it, and the reader must herself by travel, study, or rest, as occasion
The Report of the Schools Inquiry be dull to whom nothing of that thrill may require. We agree with the writer
Commission, presented to Parliament in is communicated.
in hoping that this custom may come to
July, 1867, included evidence concerning There were sixty pupils to begin with, be more generally followed in High
the state of girls' education, which had and the numbers increased by leaps and Schools. At Manchester it is no doubt
been collected in compliance with a bounds, so that the houses originally facilitated by the fact that the post of
memorial addressed to the Commissioners taken by the Committee were soon found
second mistress is not a permanency,
by Miss Emily Davies, the founder of inadequate for their purpose. At length, but held in turn by one mistress after
Girton, and some other ladies. From the in September, 1881, the School was moved
From the in September, 1881, the School was moved another, so that there is always a certain
attention which this part of the Report to the buildings erected for it in Dover number of women on the staff who are
attracted, the High Schools for Girls may Street, which it still occupies-since that qualified for administrative work, as well
be said to have taken rise, though the day much enlarged and improved. It had as teaching.
foundation of Queen's College (1848), contributed no less than 3,0001. from its Of other improvements made within the
Bedford College (1849), the North London own revenues towards the expenses of new century we may notice the reduction
an


## p. (#62) #################################################

62
THE ATHENÆUM
No. 4395, Jan. 20, 1912
as
as
-almost to abolition of all examina- the mid nineteenth century which, if one does that only, than to read it a
tions beyond those which may serve as in some measure, no doubt, owing to his little, and to be told a great deal about its
an entrance to a University career ; the attacks upon it-seems to have given significance, and about the development
appointment, as Medical 'Inspector to way.