His efforts were suc- the new
governor
of Thrace, with an army of
cessful, and after his return to Thrace, he was 20,000 foot and 8000 horse.
cessful, and after his return to Thrace, he was 20,000 foot and 8000 horse.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - c
(Fasti.
) IV.
Dialogi duo, generally divided into three,
SEVE'RUS, SULPICIUS, chiefly celebrated although that termed the second forms in reality
as an ecclesiastical historian, was a native of Aquitaine a portion of the first. They contain a temperate
(Dialog. i. 20), and flourished towards the close of review of the bitter discussions and dissensions
the fourth century under Arcadius and Honorius, which had arisen among ecclesiastics in the East
being a few years younger than his friend Pau- regarding the tendency of the works of Origen.
linus of Nola, to whose letters, of which fourteen Composed about A. D. 405.
are addressed to Severus, we are principally in- V. Epistolae Sex. 1. Ad Claudiam Sororem —
debted for any information we possess regarding on the last judgment. 2. Ad eandem — on vir.
his career. Descended from a noble family he ginity. 3. Ad Paulinum Episcopum. 4. To the
was carefully trained in all the learning of the age magistrates (decuriones) of a town which he does
and country to which he belonged, distinguished not name. 5. Ad Salvium. 6. A note, without
himself as an orator at the bar, and married early address, extending to a few lines only.
in life a high-born and very wealthy bride. The Several letters to Paulinus and others have
untimely death of this lady produced so deep an been lost, as we gather from the words of Gen-
impression on his mind that, while yet in the nadius.
flower of his years, he resolved to abandon the A letter addressed to Paulinus, and published
pursuit of worldly pleasures and honours, and in along with those of Severus in the collection of
company with a few pious friends, to seek tran- Dacherius is by some other hand.
quillity in seclusion and holy exercises. To this Sulpicius Severus was greatly admired by his
determination he steadfastly adhered notwith contemporaries, and his fame stood high with all
standing the opposition of his father, by whom he classes of readers in the middle ages. Their esti-
was in consequence disinberited, a misfortune mate of his merits was far too favourable, for none
compensated, however, to a great extent by the of his productions exhibit much strength of mind
liberality of his mother-in-law Bassula. He even- or critical sagacity, nor do they furnish matter
tually became a presbyter of the church, and possessing any particular interest. His history,
attached himself closely to St. Martin of Tours, moreover, abounds with chronological errors and
whom he ever cultivated with peculiar reverence, blunders of all kinds, copied from the old chro-
imbibing from him many wild and fantastic notions nicles, whose mistakes he adopted with unsuspect-
respecting dreams, visions, miraculous manifes- ing confidence. But, notwithstanding these grave
tations, and the millennium, which in some mea- defects, the polished terseness of his style, and the
sure sullied the brightness of his orthodoxy. Gen- general purity of his language, have served to
nadius, in a passage, whose authenticity has been maintain his reputation even in modern times.
somewhat unreasonably disputed, positively asserts From the general characteristics of his phraseology
that Severus, towards the close of his life, was he has been termed the Christian Sallust, and the
tainted with the Pelagian heresy, but that having resemblance is unquestionable. He has, however,
become sensible of his error, and feeling convinced judiciously avoided the obscurity and affectation
that he had been betrayed by a too great love of which so often deform the pages of his model,
speaking, maintained silence ever afterwards as an while on the other hand he not unfrequently
appropriate atonement for his sin. The precise permits himself to employ the ordinary jargon of
date of his birth and of his death are alike ecclesiastical Latinity, instead of seeking for more
unknown. The former has been referred to a. D. graceful and classical forms of expression.
363, the latter variously to A. D. 410, 420, 422, 432, The life of St. Martin, the three epistles con-
an argument in favour of the earliest of these epochs nected with it, and the Dialogues, were first
being derived from the fact that he is never men- printed at Milan about 1480 by Boninus Mom.
tioned by Paulinus subsequent to that year. His britius in the second volume of his Vitae Sane-
retirement from the world took place about A. D. torum, from whence they were transferred into the
392. We must carefully avoid confounding this collection of Christian poets published by Aldus
Sulpicius Severus with another ecclesiastical writer. Manutius, 4to. Venet. 1502, and reprinted at
Sulpicius Severus, surnamed Pius, who was the Paris in 1511. But so completely had these
twenty-seventh bishop of Bourges, in the middle tracts been overlooked and forgotten, that when
## p. 809 (#825) ############################################
SEUTIIES.
EC9
SEUTHES.
found by Wolfgang Lazius, in a MS. belonging to the death of Sitalces ; but this is wholly at variance
the Imperial Library at Vienna, be gave them to with the account given by Thucydides (SITALCES).
the world as a new discovery in his collection, From the sanie passage we learn that he main-
Diversorum auctorum apocryphorum de vita Christi tained friendly relations with the Athenian people,
e Apostolorum (fol. . Basil. 1551), and his mistake by whom he was admitted to the privileges of
was not discovered for two centuries.
citizenship:
The Historia Sacra was first printed at Baslo 2. Another Odrysian prince, a son of Maesades,
(8vo. 1556) by Matthaeus Flaccius. Among the who had reigned over the tribes of the Melan-
numerous editions which have appeared from time ditae, Thyni, and Tranipsae, but had been expelled
to time the most notable are those with the com- from his kingdom before his death, on which ac-
mentary of Sigonius (8vo. Bonon. 1561, 1581), count Seuthes was brought up at the court of Me-
and with that of Drusius. (8vo. Arnhem. 1907. ) docus, or Amadocus, king of the Odrysians (Xen.
The Epistolae were collected from various Anab, vii. 2. § 32). He was, however, admitted
sources at different times. Two were first printed to a certain amount of independent power, and we
in the Lectiones Antiquae of Canisius, vol. v. p. 5-10, find him in B. C. 405 joining with Amadocus, in
4to. Ingolds. 1604 ; two, with others of doubtful promising his support to Alcibiades, to carry on
authenticity in the Spicilegium Veterum Scriptorum the war against the Lacedaemonians (Diod. xiji.
of Dacherius, vol. v. p. 532, 4to. Paris, 1661, and 105). In B. C. 400, when Xenophon with the re-
the two to Claudia in the Miscelluncu of Baluzius, mains of the ten thousand Greeks that had accom-
fol. Paris. 1678.
panied Cyrus, arrived at Chrysopolis, Seuthes ap-
The collected works were first printed at Basle plied to him for the assistance of the force under
(16mo. 1563), but the first impression with any his command to reinstate him in his dominions.
pretensions to critical accuracy was that of Victor His proposals were at first rejected ; but he renewed
Giselinus, 8vo. Ant. 1574, accompanied by notes, them again when the Greeks had been expelled
and an elaborate life of Sulpicius. Considerable from Byzantium, and found themselves at Perin-
improvements were introduced by Hornius, 8vo. thus without the means of crossing into Asia ; and
Lug. Bat. 1647; by Vorstius, 12mo. Berol. 1668; they were now induced, principally by Xenophon
and Lips. 1703, by Mercierus, 8vo. Paris, 1675 ; himself, to accept the offers of the Thracian prince.
by far the most complete and satisfactory edition By the assistance of these new auxiliaries, Seuthes
is that of Hieronymus de Prato, 4to. 2 vols
. Veron. obtained an easy victory over the mountain tribes,
1741–1754, which has always, since its appear and recovered the whole of his father's dominions.
ance, been regarded as the standard, although not But when it came to the question of paying the ser-
absolutely complete, since the six epistles are vices of the Greeks, great disputes arose, and Seu-
omitted. It was reprinted, with the addition of thes, at the instigation of Heracleides, endeavoured
the epistles, by Galland, in his Bibliotheca Patrum, by every subterfuge to elude his obligations. He was
vol. viii
. fol. Venet. 1772. (Gennad. de Viris at length, however, compelled to pay the stipulated
Ilust. 19; Honorius Augustod. de Script. Eccles. sum, and the Greeks thereupon crossed into Asia
iii. 19; Trithemius, de Script. Eccles. 113; Gregor. (Xen. Anal. vii. 1. § 5, 2–7). Not long after-
Turon. de Mirac. S. Mart. i. ; Histor. Franc. I. wards, B. C. 399, we find him sending an auxiliary
31 ; Paulin. Nol. Ep. v. 1, xi. 5, xxiii. 3, &c. ; force to the Spartan general, Dercyllidas, in Bi-
Hieronym. Comment. in Ezech. 36 ; Augustin. thynia (Id. Hellen. iii. 2. & 2). At a subsequent
Ep. 205. )
(W. R. ] period (B. C. 393), he was engaged in hostilities
SEVE'RUS, VERULANUS, a legatus of with his former patron Amadocus; but the quarrel
Corbulo, under whom he served in the East, in between them was terminated by the intervention
A. D. 60-62 (Tac. Ann. xiv. 26, xv. 3). The of Thrasybulus; and Seuthes, at the suggestion of
L. Verulanus Severus, who was consul suffectus that general, concluded an alliance with Athens.
under Trajan in A. D. 108, was perhaps a son of (Ibid. iv. 8. § 26 ; Diod. xiv. 94. )
the preceding.
3. A king of Thrace, or more properly of the
SEUTHES (Zevons). 1. A king of the Thracian Odrysians, contemporary with Alexander the Great,
tribe of the Odrysians, was a son of Sparadocus or to whom he was tributary. But in B. C. 325, 20-
Spardacus, and nephew of Sitalces, king of the pyrion, who had been left by the Macedonian king
Odrysians, whom he accompanied on his great ex- as governor in Thrace, having fallen in an ex-
pedition into Macedonia, B. c. 429. On that oc- pedition against the Getae, Seuthes raised the
casion he was gained over by Perdiccas, king of standard of revolt (Curt. x. 1. $ 45). He appears
Macedonia, who promised bim his sister Stratonice to have been for the time repressed by Antipater ;
in marriage ; and in consequence exerted all his but after the death of Alexander (B. c. 323), we
influence with Sitalces to induce him to withdraw find him again in arms, and opposing Lysimachus,
his army from Macedonia.
His efforts were suc- the new governor of Thrace, with an army of
cessful, and after his return to Thrace, he was 20,000 foot and 8000 horse. An obstinate struggle
married to Stratonice according to the agreement ensued, without any decisive result ; and both
(Thuc. ii. 101). In B. C. 424 he succeeded Sitalces parties withdrew, we are told, to prepare for a
on the throne, and during a long reign raised his renewal of the contest. (Diod. xviii. 14. ) No
kingdom to a height of power and prosperity further account of this has been transmitted to us,
which it had never previously attained, so that his but it is clear that Seuthes was ultimately com-
regular revenues amounted to the annual sum of pelled to acknowledge the authority of Lysimachus.
400 talents, in addition to contributions of gold In B. c. 313, however, he took advantage of the
and silver in the form of presents to a nearly equal war between the Thracian king and Antigonus to
amount (Thuc. ii. 97, iv. 101. ). From a passage declare in favour of the latter, and occupied the
in the letter of Philip to the Athenian people (ap. passes of Mount Haemus with an army, but was
Demosth. p. 161, ed. Reiske) it would appear that once more defeated by Lysimachus, and finally re.
Seuthes was accused of having had some hand in | duced to submission. (Id. xix. 73. ) [E. H. B. ]
LL
## p. 810 (#826) ############################################
810
SEXTILIUS.
SEXTIUS.
She
SE'XTIA. 1. The wife of Mamercus Aemilus to have been a negotiator or money-lender in
Scaurus, who killed herself, along with her husband, Acmonia, a town in the Greater Phrygia.
in A. D. 31. (Tac. Ann. vi. 29). [Vol. III. p. 733, a. ) 9. C. Sextilius, the son of the sister of M. Lurco,
2. The mother-in-law of L. Antistius Vetus, a man“ et pudens et constans et gravis. " (Cic. pro
along with whom she was put to death by Nero in Flacc. 36. ) He may perhaps be the same as the
A. D. 65 (Tac. Ann. xvi. 10, 11).
praetor Sextilius mentioned by Varro (R. R. i. 1.
SEʻXTIA GENS, plebeian. This name is fre $ 10).
quently confounded with that of Sestius. [SESTIA 16. P. Sextilius, quaestor B. C. 61. (Cic. pro
Gens. ) On coins we find only Sestius, never Flacc. 13. )
Sextius. The first member of the Sextia gens who 11. Q. Sextilius, a friend of Milo. (Cic. ad Q.
obtained the consulship was L. Sextius Sextinus Fr. ii. I. $ 3. )
Lateranus in B. c. 366, who was the first plebeian 12. SextiliUS ANDRO, of Pergamum. (Cic. pro
that obtained this honour, after one place in the Flacc. 31. )
consulship was secured for the plebeian order, by SEXTILIUS HENA, of Corduba in Spain, a
the Licinian laws (LATERANUS). The only other Roman poet of no great merit, wrote a poem on
person in the gens who was consul under the re- the death of Cicero, of which the first line is quoted
public was C. Sextius Calvinus, in B. c. 124 (CAL- by M. Seneca. (Suas. 6, pp. 45, 46, ed. Bip. )
VINUS] ; but the names of a few Sextii appear on SEXTILIUS FELIX. (Felix. )
the consular Fasti in the imperial period. Most of SEXTI'LIUS RUFUS. (Rufus. )
the Sextii are mentioned without any cognomen : SE'XTIUS. Some persons whose names occur
they are given below. (Sextius. ]
under this form in several editions of the ancient
SEXTI'LIA. 1. A Vestal virgin, was con- writers, are given under SESTIUS.
demned of incest, and buried alive in B. C. 273. 1. Sextius, tribune of the plebs B. C. 414, pro-
(Liv. Epit. 14).
posed that a colony should be sent to Bolae. (Liv.
2. The mother of the emperor Vitellius, was a iv. 49. )
virtuous Roman matron of the old school.
2. M. Sextius SABINUS, plebeian aedile B. C.
lived to see her son emperor, but died a few days 203, and practor in the following year, B. C. 202,
before his fall. (Tac. Hist, ii. 64, 89, iï. 67 ; Suet. when he obtained Gaul as his province. (Liv.
Vitel. 3. )
xxx. 26, 27. )
SEXTI’LIA GENS, plebeian, is first mentioned 3. Sextius, quaestor of the consul L. Calpur-
in B. C. 379, when one of its members was consular nius Bestia, in Numidia, B. c. 111. (Sall. Jug. 29. )
tribune. The gens, however, never obtained much 4. P. Sextius, praetor designatus B. c. 100,
distinction, and their name does not once occur on was accused of bribery by T. Junius, and con-
the Consular Fasti. Towards the end of the re- demned. (Cic. Brut. 48. )
public, and under the empire, we meet with a few 5. Sextius, the proximus lictor of C. Verres,
Sextilii, with cognomens, which are given below ; | in Sicily, and his favourite executioner. (Cic. Verr.
but the gens was not divided into families with iii. 67, v. 45, 54. )
distinctive surnames.
6. P. Sextius Baculus'a primipili centurio
SEXTI'LIUS. 1. C. Sextilius, consular tri- in Caesar's army in Gaul, distinguished himself on
bune B. C. 379, in which year an equal number of many occasions by his great bravery. (Caes. B. G.
patricians and plebeians were elected to the office. ii. 25, iii. 5, vi. 38. )
(Liv. vi. 30. )
7. T. Sextius, one of Caesar's legates in Gaul,
2.
SEVE'RUS, SULPICIUS, chiefly celebrated although that termed the second forms in reality
as an ecclesiastical historian, was a native of Aquitaine a portion of the first. They contain a temperate
(Dialog. i. 20), and flourished towards the close of review of the bitter discussions and dissensions
the fourth century under Arcadius and Honorius, which had arisen among ecclesiastics in the East
being a few years younger than his friend Pau- regarding the tendency of the works of Origen.
linus of Nola, to whose letters, of which fourteen Composed about A. D. 405.
are addressed to Severus, we are principally in- V. Epistolae Sex. 1. Ad Claudiam Sororem —
debted for any information we possess regarding on the last judgment. 2. Ad eandem — on vir.
his career. Descended from a noble family he ginity. 3. Ad Paulinum Episcopum. 4. To the
was carefully trained in all the learning of the age magistrates (decuriones) of a town which he does
and country to which he belonged, distinguished not name. 5. Ad Salvium. 6. A note, without
himself as an orator at the bar, and married early address, extending to a few lines only.
in life a high-born and very wealthy bride. The Several letters to Paulinus and others have
untimely death of this lady produced so deep an been lost, as we gather from the words of Gen-
impression on his mind that, while yet in the nadius.
flower of his years, he resolved to abandon the A letter addressed to Paulinus, and published
pursuit of worldly pleasures and honours, and in along with those of Severus in the collection of
company with a few pious friends, to seek tran- Dacherius is by some other hand.
quillity in seclusion and holy exercises. To this Sulpicius Severus was greatly admired by his
determination he steadfastly adhered notwith contemporaries, and his fame stood high with all
standing the opposition of his father, by whom he classes of readers in the middle ages. Their esti-
was in consequence disinberited, a misfortune mate of his merits was far too favourable, for none
compensated, however, to a great extent by the of his productions exhibit much strength of mind
liberality of his mother-in-law Bassula. He even- or critical sagacity, nor do they furnish matter
tually became a presbyter of the church, and possessing any particular interest. His history,
attached himself closely to St. Martin of Tours, moreover, abounds with chronological errors and
whom he ever cultivated with peculiar reverence, blunders of all kinds, copied from the old chro-
imbibing from him many wild and fantastic notions nicles, whose mistakes he adopted with unsuspect-
respecting dreams, visions, miraculous manifes- ing confidence. But, notwithstanding these grave
tations, and the millennium, which in some mea- defects, the polished terseness of his style, and the
sure sullied the brightness of his orthodoxy. Gen- general purity of his language, have served to
nadius, in a passage, whose authenticity has been maintain his reputation even in modern times.
somewhat unreasonably disputed, positively asserts From the general characteristics of his phraseology
that Severus, towards the close of his life, was he has been termed the Christian Sallust, and the
tainted with the Pelagian heresy, but that having resemblance is unquestionable. He has, however,
become sensible of his error, and feeling convinced judiciously avoided the obscurity and affectation
that he had been betrayed by a too great love of which so often deform the pages of his model,
speaking, maintained silence ever afterwards as an while on the other hand he not unfrequently
appropriate atonement for his sin. The precise permits himself to employ the ordinary jargon of
date of his birth and of his death are alike ecclesiastical Latinity, instead of seeking for more
unknown. The former has been referred to a. D. graceful and classical forms of expression.
363, the latter variously to A. D. 410, 420, 422, 432, The life of St. Martin, the three epistles con-
an argument in favour of the earliest of these epochs nected with it, and the Dialogues, were first
being derived from the fact that he is never men- printed at Milan about 1480 by Boninus Mom.
tioned by Paulinus subsequent to that year. His britius in the second volume of his Vitae Sane-
retirement from the world took place about A. D. torum, from whence they were transferred into the
392. We must carefully avoid confounding this collection of Christian poets published by Aldus
Sulpicius Severus with another ecclesiastical writer. Manutius, 4to. Venet. 1502, and reprinted at
Sulpicius Severus, surnamed Pius, who was the Paris in 1511. But so completely had these
twenty-seventh bishop of Bourges, in the middle tracts been overlooked and forgotten, that when
## p. 809 (#825) ############################################
SEUTIIES.
EC9
SEUTHES.
found by Wolfgang Lazius, in a MS. belonging to the death of Sitalces ; but this is wholly at variance
the Imperial Library at Vienna, be gave them to with the account given by Thucydides (SITALCES).
the world as a new discovery in his collection, From the sanie passage we learn that he main-
Diversorum auctorum apocryphorum de vita Christi tained friendly relations with the Athenian people,
e Apostolorum (fol. . Basil. 1551), and his mistake by whom he was admitted to the privileges of
was not discovered for two centuries.
citizenship:
The Historia Sacra was first printed at Baslo 2. Another Odrysian prince, a son of Maesades,
(8vo. 1556) by Matthaeus Flaccius. Among the who had reigned over the tribes of the Melan-
numerous editions which have appeared from time ditae, Thyni, and Tranipsae, but had been expelled
to time the most notable are those with the com- from his kingdom before his death, on which ac-
mentary of Sigonius (8vo. Bonon. 1561, 1581), count Seuthes was brought up at the court of Me-
and with that of Drusius. (8vo. Arnhem. 1907. ) docus, or Amadocus, king of the Odrysians (Xen.
The Epistolae were collected from various Anab, vii. 2. § 32). He was, however, admitted
sources at different times. Two were first printed to a certain amount of independent power, and we
in the Lectiones Antiquae of Canisius, vol. v. p. 5-10, find him in B. C. 405 joining with Amadocus, in
4to. Ingolds. 1604 ; two, with others of doubtful promising his support to Alcibiades, to carry on
authenticity in the Spicilegium Veterum Scriptorum the war against the Lacedaemonians (Diod. xiji.
of Dacherius, vol. v. p. 532, 4to. Paris, 1661, and 105). In B. C. 400, when Xenophon with the re-
the two to Claudia in the Miscelluncu of Baluzius, mains of the ten thousand Greeks that had accom-
fol. Paris. 1678.
panied Cyrus, arrived at Chrysopolis, Seuthes ap-
The collected works were first printed at Basle plied to him for the assistance of the force under
(16mo. 1563), but the first impression with any his command to reinstate him in his dominions.
pretensions to critical accuracy was that of Victor His proposals were at first rejected ; but he renewed
Giselinus, 8vo. Ant. 1574, accompanied by notes, them again when the Greeks had been expelled
and an elaborate life of Sulpicius. Considerable from Byzantium, and found themselves at Perin-
improvements were introduced by Hornius, 8vo. thus without the means of crossing into Asia ; and
Lug. Bat. 1647; by Vorstius, 12mo. Berol. 1668; they were now induced, principally by Xenophon
and Lips. 1703, by Mercierus, 8vo. Paris, 1675 ; himself, to accept the offers of the Thracian prince.
by far the most complete and satisfactory edition By the assistance of these new auxiliaries, Seuthes
is that of Hieronymus de Prato, 4to. 2 vols
. Veron. obtained an easy victory over the mountain tribes,
1741–1754, which has always, since its appear and recovered the whole of his father's dominions.
ance, been regarded as the standard, although not But when it came to the question of paying the ser-
absolutely complete, since the six epistles are vices of the Greeks, great disputes arose, and Seu-
omitted. It was reprinted, with the addition of thes, at the instigation of Heracleides, endeavoured
the epistles, by Galland, in his Bibliotheca Patrum, by every subterfuge to elude his obligations. He was
vol. viii
. fol. Venet. 1772. (Gennad. de Viris at length, however, compelled to pay the stipulated
Ilust. 19; Honorius Augustod. de Script. Eccles. sum, and the Greeks thereupon crossed into Asia
iii. 19; Trithemius, de Script. Eccles. 113; Gregor. (Xen. Anal. vii. 1. § 5, 2–7). Not long after-
Turon. de Mirac. S. Mart. i. ; Histor. Franc. I. wards, B. C. 399, we find him sending an auxiliary
31 ; Paulin. Nol. Ep. v. 1, xi. 5, xxiii. 3, &c. ; force to the Spartan general, Dercyllidas, in Bi-
Hieronym. Comment. in Ezech. 36 ; Augustin. thynia (Id. Hellen. iii. 2. & 2). At a subsequent
Ep. 205. )
(W. R. ] period (B. C. 393), he was engaged in hostilities
SEVE'RUS, VERULANUS, a legatus of with his former patron Amadocus; but the quarrel
Corbulo, under whom he served in the East, in between them was terminated by the intervention
A. D. 60-62 (Tac. Ann. xiv. 26, xv. 3). The of Thrasybulus; and Seuthes, at the suggestion of
L. Verulanus Severus, who was consul suffectus that general, concluded an alliance with Athens.
under Trajan in A. D. 108, was perhaps a son of (Ibid. iv. 8. § 26 ; Diod. xiv. 94. )
the preceding.
3. A king of Thrace, or more properly of the
SEUTHES (Zevons). 1. A king of the Thracian Odrysians, contemporary with Alexander the Great,
tribe of the Odrysians, was a son of Sparadocus or to whom he was tributary. But in B. C. 325, 20-
Spardacus, and nephew of Sitalces, king of the pyrion, who had been left by the Macedonian king
Odrysians, whom he accompanied on his great ex- as governor in Thrace, having fallen in an ex-
pedition into Macedonia, B. c. 429. On that oc- pedition against the Getae, Seuthes raised the
casion he was gained over by Perdiccas, king of standard of revolt (Curt. x. 1. $ 45). He appears
Macedonia, who promised bim his sister Stratonice to have been for the time repressed by Antipater ;
in marriage ; and in consequence exerted all his but after the death of Alexander (B. c. 323), we
influence with Sitalces to induce him to withdraw find him again in arms, and opposing Lysimachus,
his army from Macedonia.
His efforts were suc- the new governor of Thrace, with an army of
cessful, and after his return to Thrace, he was 20,000 foot and 8000 horse. An obstinate struggle
married to Stratonice according to the agreement ensued, without any decisive result ; and both
(Thuc. ii. 101). In B. C. 424 he succeeded Sitalces parties withdrew, we are told, to prepare for a
on the throne, and during a long reign raised his renewal of the contest. (Diod. xviii. 14. ) No
kingdom to a height of power and prosperity further account of this has been transmitted to us,
which it had never previously attained, so that his but it is clear that Seuthes was ultimately com-
regular revenues amounted to the annual sum of pelled to acknowledge the authority of Lysimachus.
400 talents, in addition to contributions of gold In B. c. 313, however, he took advantage of the
and silver in the form of presents to a nearly equal war between the Thracian king and Antigonus to
amount (Thuc. ii. 97, iv. 101. ). From a passage declare in favour of the latter, and occupied the
in the letter of Philip to the Athenian people (ap. passes of Mount Haemus with an army, but was
Demosth. p. 161, ed. Reiske) it would appear that once more defeated by Lysimachus, and finally re.
Seuthes was accused of having had some hand in | duced to submission. (Id. xix. 73. ) [E. H. B. ]
LL
## p. 810 (#826) ############################################
810
SEXTILIUS.
SEXTIUS.
She
SE'XTIA. 1. The wife of Mamercus Aemilus to have been a negotiator or money-lender in
Scaurus, who killed herself, along with her husband, Acmonia, a town in the Greater Phrygia.
in A. D. 31. (Tac. Ann. vi. 29). [Vol. III. p. 733, a. ) 9. C. Sextilius, the son of the sister of M. Lurco,
2. The mother-in-law of L. Antistius Vetus, a man“ et pudens et constans et gravis. " (Cic. pro
along with whom she was put to death by Nero in Flacc. 36. ) He may perhaps be the same as the
A. D. 65 (Tac. Ann. xvi. 10, 11).
praetor Sextilius mentioned by Varro (R. R. i. 1.
SEʻXTIA GENS, plebeian. This name is fre $ 10).
quently confounded with that of Sestius. [SESTIA 16. P. Sextilius, quaestor B. C. 61. (Cic. pro
Gens. ) On coins we find only Sestius, never Flacc. 13. )
Sextius. The first member of the Sextia gens who 11. Q. Sextilius, a friend of Milo. (Cic. ad Q.
obtained the consulship was L. Sextius Sextinus Fr. ii. I. $ 3. )
Lateranus in B. c. 366, who was the first plebeian 12. SextiliUS ANDRO, of Pergamum. (Cic. pro
that obtained this honour, after one place in the Flacc. 31. )
consulship was secured for the plebeian order, by SEXTILIUS HENA, of Corduba in Spain, a
the Licinian laws (LATERANUS). The only other Roman poet of no great merit, wrote a poem on
person in the gens who was consul under the re- the death of Cicero, of which the first line is quoted
public was C. Sextius Calvinus, in B. c. 124 (CAL- by M. Seneca. (Suas. 6, pp. 45, 46, ed. Bip. )
VINUS] ; but the names of a few Sextii appear on SEXTILIUS FELIX. (Felix. )
the consular Fasti in the imperial period. Most of SEXTI'LIUS RUFUS. (Rufus. )
the Sextii are mentioned without any cognomen : SE'XTIUS. Some persons whose names occur
they are given below. (Sextius. ]
under this form in several editions of the ancient
SEXTI'LIA. 1. A Vestal virgin, was con- writers, are given under SESTIUS.
demned of incest, and buried alive in B. C. 273. 1. Sextius, tribune of the plebs B. C. 414, pro-
(Liv. Epit. 14).
posed that a colony should be sent to Bolae. (Liv.
2. The mother of the emperor Vitellius, was a iv. 49. )
virtuous Roman matron of the old school.
2. M. Sextius SABINUS, plebeian aedile B. C.
lived to see her son emperor, but died a few days 203, and practor in the following year, B. C. 202,
before his fall. (Tac. Hist, ii. 64, 89, iï. 67 ; Suet. when he obtained Gaul as his province. (Liv.
Vitel. 3. )
xxx. 26, 27. )
SEXTI’LIA GENS, plebeian, is first mentioned 3. Sextius, quaestor of the consul L. Calpur-
in B. C. 379, when one of its members was consular nius Bestia, in Numidia, B. c. 111. (Sall. Jug. 29. )
tribune. The gens, however, never obtained much 4. P. Sextius, praetor designatus B. c. 100,
distinction, and their name does not once occur on was accused of bribery by T. Junius, and con-
the Consular Fasti. Towards the end of the re- demned. (Cic. Brut. 48. )
public, and under the empire, we meet with a few 5. Sextius, the proximus lictor of C. Verres,
Sextilii, with cognomens, which are given below ; | in Sicily, and his favourite executioner. (Cic. Verr.
but the gens was not divided into families with iii. 67, v. 45, 54. )
distinctive surnames.
6. P. Sextius Baculus'a primipili centurio
SEXTI'LIUS. 1. C. Sextilius, consular tri- in Caesar's army in Gaul, distinguished himself on
bune B. C. 379, in which year an equal number of many occasions by his great bravery. (Caes. B. G.
patricians and plebeians were elected to the office. ii. 25, iii. 5, vi. 38. )
(Liv. vi. 30. )
7. T. Sextius, one of Caesar's legates in Gaul,
2.
