No More Learning

Roland of Parma, sent by Henry IV to deliver
sentence of deposition to Gregory VII,
66 sq.
Roland Bandinelli, see Alexander III, Pope
Rollo, duke of Normandy, 483
Romainmôtier, monastery of, 664
Romanus III, Eastern Emperor, his attack
on Aleppo, 256 sq.
Romanus IV Diogenes, Eastern Emperor,
176, 261
Romanus, senator of Rome, see John XIX,
Pope
Romanus, Consul, Roman noble, 17
Rome, passim; need for reform of Church at,
14; held by Guibert on Urban II's acces-
sion, 90; sack of, by Guiscard, 79, 182;
early organisation of city government in,
209 sq. ; the Senate in commune of, 234;
communal rising at, 368 sqq. ; letter to
Conrad III, 370, 380; Arnold of Brescia
at, 371 sqq. ; sends envoys to Frederick I,
430; fighting at, on coronation of Frederick
I, 421; 496, 526, 531 sq. , 559, 562, 605;
law-schools at, 733 sq. ; Ecumenical
Councils at, see Lateran; other councils
and synods at:—(826), 8; (1047), 22 sq. ;
(1049), 25; (1050), 25, 27 sq. , 30; (1051),
25, 28; (1053), 25, 28; (1059), 13 note,
36 sqq. , 42, 46, 51 sq. , 110, 114; (1060),
38; (1063), 46; (1073), 4, 49; (1074), 61,
77; (1075), 62 sqq. , 77, 81; (1076), 55,
66 sq. , 135; (1078), 73, 77, 180; (1079),
55, 73 sq. ; (1080), 74, 141; (1081), 77;
(1083), 78 sq. , 87; (1099), 95, 531; (1102),
99; (1110), 101; (1112), 103; (1116), 103
Romsey minster, 553
Romuald, archbishop of Salerno, one of
Council of Ten in Sicily, 197; 448
Romuald of Ravenna, 1; founder of the Order
of Camaldoli, 667
Roncaglia, Lothar III holds diet at, 364;
Frederick I holds diet at (1154), 415, 417;
diet of (1158), 117 note, 383, 427
Ronçal, 655
Ronceray, nunnery at, 671
Rosate, destroyed by Frederick I, 417
Roscelin, his contest with Anselm, 794 sqq.
Rossano, 1; Otto II defeated by Muslims at,
266
Rothari, King of the Lombards, and Lombard
law, 211; 723, 730 sq.
Rotrou, archbishop of Rouen, 563 sq. ; sent
by Henry II to negotiate with Louis VII,
614
Rouen, 483, 486 sq. , 494, 519 sq. , 523, 531,
541 sq. , 551, 571, 601, 614; commune of,
626 sq. , 631, 647; trade of, 644; province
of, placed under primacy of Lyons, 83 sq. ;
diocese, of, 491; cathedral, 491; arch-
bishop of, 550
Round, J. H. , on Freeman's view of the
battle of Hastings, 501 note; on the Grand
Assize, 587
Roussel de Bailleul, 181; aspires to throne
of Byzantium, 171
Roussillon, communes in, 627, 640, 643
Rouvres, commune, 630
Roxburgh, castle of, 571
Rudolf of Rheinfelden, duke of Ssaba,
anti-king, 58; made duke, 113; his two
marriages, ib. ; at battle on the Unstrut,
133; his change of attitude, 134 sq. ;
elected king, 71, 117, 138; crowned at
Mayence, 139; forced to abandon Mayence.
120, 139; his position in 1078, 140;
Gregory VII and, 59, 71 sq. , 74, 140;
appoints bishops, 141; defeats Henry IV
at Hohen-Mölsen, 141; death of, 76, 143;
75, 78, 118, 126, 129, 146
Rudolf, margrave of the North Mark, forced
to submit to Henry V, 157
Rudolf, count of Stade, inheritance of, 356,
401
Rudolf of Wied, his claim to archbishoprie
of Trèves, 408, 456
Rufinus, the canonist, 742
Rügen, 345, 387
Russia, put under papal protection by Dmitri,
85; 146
Rusteburg, Albert the Bear seeks shelter at,
347
Ruthard, archbishop of Mayence, letter of
Paschal II to, 100; joins in massacre of
Jews, 147 sq. ; refuses to submit to Henry
IV, 148; supports revolt of Henry V, 150;
158
Rutland, 504, 582
Ruysbroek, Jan, the mystic, 694
Sabbato, river, Roger II defeated at, 186
Sabina, 14, 180
Sābiq, Mirdāsite emir of Aleppo, 261 sqq.
Sachsenspiegel, the, 753 sq.
Sa'd-ad-Daulah, Abu'l-ma'āli, Hamdánid
emir at Aleppo, 250 sq.
Şāfithā, castle, 257
Şahyūn, 249, 312
Sa‘id-ad-Daulah, Hamdānid emir of Aleppo,
251 sqq.
Sa'id ibn Husain, leader of Ismā'ilians, 244;
and foundation of Fātimite Caliphs, ib.
Saif-ad-Daulah 'Ali, Hamdanid ruler of
Diyārbakr, seizes Aleppo, 245; war with
Ikhshid and with Kāfūr, ib. ; war with
Greek Empire, 276; brilliance of his court,
246; his death, 246, 250
St Alban's abbey, 684, 690, 692
Saint Antoine, canons of, 683
St Asaph, see of, 553
St Augustine's abbey at Canterbury, 684
Saint-Bénigne of Dijon, abbey of, 484, 659
St Botolph, Colchester, Austin canons of,
679, 684
Saint-Céneri, castle, 488
Saint-Clair-sur-Epte, treaty of, 483
St David's, William I at, 525; Norman
bishop of, 535
Saint-Denis, monastery of, 659 sq.


## p. 995 (#1041) ###########################################

Index
995
St Dizier, commune, 645
St Donatian, church at Bruges, 598 sq.
St Edmund's abbey at Bury, 684; see Bury
St Edmunds
St Emmeram, monastery at Ratisbon, 663
St Evré, monastery at Toul, 663
Saint-Evroult, monastery of, 488, 497
St Gall, abbey of, 661
Sainte-Geneviève, monastery at Paris, 620
St Gilles, monastery, 680
St Guilhem-du-Désert, monastery, 659
St James of Compostella, shrine, 604
Saint-Jean-de-Laon, monastery, 595
Saint-Jean-de-Losne, 436; Louis VII at,
617 sqq.
St Martin, monastery at Séez, 497
St Martin-des-Champs, monastery, 664
St Martin of Laon, canons of, 680
St Martin of Tours, shrine of, 661
St Mary's at York, monastery, 666, 677, 685,
690
Saint-Maur, abbey, 661; the congregation of,
696
St Maur-des-Fosses, monastery, 662
St Maximin, abbey of, given to Adalbero of
Trèves, 347; monks resent action of
Conrad III, 350 sq. ; Innocent II and, ib.
St Michael of Antwerp, Premonstratensian
abbey, 680
St Omer, gild at, 637; 599 sq.
Saint-Ouen, monastery of, 486, 491; in.
junctions to, 686
St Paul's without the walls, at Rome, 662
St Pierre of Ghent, monastery, 663
Saint-Pierre-sur-Dives, monastery at, 493
St Quentin, commune of, 626, 631 sq. , 649;
dean of, 484
Saint-Ruf, monastery, 415, 679
St Samson and St Avitus, at Orleans, 620
St Saturnin, monastery, 664
St Seine, monastery, 659
St Seine-l'Abbaye, village, 630
St Simeon, port of Antioch, 289, 291
Ste Suzanne, 517 sq.
Saint-Valery, Norman army at, 499
St Vannes, abbey of, 2, 491
St Victor, monastery at Geneva, 664
St Victor, monastery at Marseilles, 661
St Victor, monasteryat Paris, 679,696,800,804
St Vigor, abbey, foundation of, 491
Saint-Wandrille, abbey, revived by Mainard,
484; receives an “alod” from Richard II,
487, 491
Sajūr, river, boundary between Greeks and
Muslims, 247
Saladin, Sultan, rules Egypt for Nūr-ad-
Din, 308 sq. ; displaces Sālih, son of Nūr-
ad-Din, 309; and the Third Crusade,
310 sq. , 409 sqq. ; character of, 312; death
of, ib. , 479
Saladin Tithe, 324
Salamiyah, headquarters of Abdallāh ibn
Maimūn, 244
Salef, Cilician river, Frederick I drowned in,
412
IV,
Salerno, Normans and, Chap. iv passim;
Leo IX holds Council at, 25, 27; last days
and death of Gregory VII at, 79 sq. ;
Lothar III fails to capture, 367; William I
of Sicily and, 196; the Empress Constance
captured at, 464; captured and sacked,
470 sq. , 203; 76, 186 sq. , 462, 491, 668;
princes of, see Gisulf, Guaimar
Salian line, extinction of, 165; inheritance
of, 335 sq. ; see also Conrad II, Henry III,
, V
$ālih ibn Mirdās, founds Mirdāsite dynasty
at Aleppo, 255
Şāliḥ, son of Nūr-ad-Din, displaced by
Saladin, 309
Salisbury, 483, 504, 511; oath of, 520;
merchant gild at, 538; bishop of, 564;
earl of, 314; Patrick, earl of, 580; see also
William Longespée
Salomo, King of Hungary, son of Andrew
of Hungary, 85, 113; marriage with Judith,
113; temporarily restored, 115; expelled
by his cousin Géza, 133; 130
Saltwood, 558
Saluzzo, marquesses of, foes of Asti, 229
Salzburg, opposition to Frederick I in
province of, 395 ; 400
Samson, archbishop of Rheims, and the
commune, 634
Sancerre, count of, 614
Sandwich, 538
San Frediano, at Lucca, canons of, 678
San Germano, 464
San Gervasio, early commune at, 225
San Giorgio in Alga, monastery, 693,
695
San Marco, Robert Guiscard at, 172
San Michele, at Murano, congregation of,
667
San Quirico, Frederick I at, 418
Sant' Andrea, monastery, 5
Sant' Apollinare in Classe, monastery, 667
Santa Giustina, abbey of, 693
Santa Maria dei Campi, abbey, 692
Santiago, Order of, 333
Santi Vincenzo ed Anastagio, Cistercian
monastery, 370, 677
Santo Spirito, hospital at Rome, 673
Saône, river, 397, 617
Saphadin, see 'Adil
Saracens, in South Italy and Sicily, Chap. iv;
in Syria, Chap. vi; seize monastery of
Farfa, 5, 658, 661; revolt in Sicily (1190),
462; 85, 226, 266
Sardinia, Gregory VII claims full authority
over, 85; claimed by Alexander III, 429;
occupied by Muslims, but reconquered, 226,
266; Pisa and Genoa in, 226 sq. , 437 sq. ;
Frederick I and, 437; 56, 677
Sarlo, son of Tancred de Hauteville, 170
Sarthe, river, 488, 495, 517
Saulieu, 672
Sauxillanges, monastery, 664
Savaric, bishop of Bath, and the release of
Richard I, 468 sq.
63-2


## p. 996 (#1042) ###########################################

996
Index
Savigny, congregation of, 670; united to
the Cistercian Order, 677 sq. ; 541, 553
Saviour, Order of the, 694
Savona, city of, agreement with Roger II,
185; grant of Henry II to, 217, 223
Savoy, counts of, 69; see also Humbert III
Saxony, supports Gregory VII, 54, 59, 61;
Agnes the regent and, 114; 115 sq. , 118,
122, 125 sq. ; its peculiar position, 127;
Henry IV and, 68, 127 sqq. ; great revolt
in 1073 of, 60, 130 sqq. ; peace with Henry
at Gerstungen, 132; Henry IV's victory
in, 133 sqq. , 62, 64; renewed revolt of,
135 sqq. ; kingdom of Rudolf confined to,
139 sq. ; opposition to Henry in, 78, 90,
141 sqq. ; end of revolt against Henry IV,
144 sqq. ; 150; Welf power in, foundations
of, 152 sqq. ; revolt of, against Henry V,
157 sqq. , 104; under duke Lothar, 164,
166, 334; Conrad III bestows it on Albert
the Bear, 346; rebellion in, 346 sqq. ;
crusade against the Wends, 354; rule of
Henry the Lion in, 356 sqq. , 401 sqq. ;
Frederick I breaks up the ducby, 405;
granted to Bernard of Anhalt, ib. ; con-
tinued fighting in, 465 sq. ; 336, 340, 460;
dukes of, see Albert, Bernard, Henry,
Lothar, Magnus, Ordulf; count-palatine
of, see Frederick
Scalea, Roger I at, 173
Scandinavia, missionary work of Adalbert
in, 114; its failure, 116; archbishopric of
Lund created for, 356; see also Denmark,
Norway, Sweden
Scarborough, castle, 555
Schleswig, duchy, 344; duke of, see Canute;
see also Denmark
Schleswig, town, 386
Schlumberger, Gustav, on Greek invasion
of Syria, 250 note
Scholasticism, meaning of, 793
Schools, medieval, Chap. XXII; schools of
rhetoric, 765 sq. ; the monastic schools,
767, 772; episcopal schools, 768 sqq. ;
Charlemagne's palace school, 772 sq. ;
post-Carolingian episcopalschools, 776 sq. ;
grammar schools, 779 note
Schwerin, lake of, 355; fortress of, 397, 400;
399; count of, see Guncelin
Scotland, canon lawin, 756 note; monasticism
in, 677 sq. ; William I and, 517 sq. ;
William II and, 524; Henry I and, 529;
Stephen and, 543 sqq. ; Henry II and, 556,
567 sqq. ; Kings of, see David, Donaldbane,
Edgar, Malcolm, William
Scribla, Robert Guiscard at, 172
Séez, monastery of St Martin at, 497; 541,
609
Segeberg, Lothar III builds fortress at, 344;
taken by the Wends, 354; 460
Segni, 414
Seine, river, 491, 526, 536, 661
Selby, abbey, decline of, 686
Seligenstadt, synod of (1023), 9, 16; 411
Seljüq Turks, enter Syria, 259; part played
by them in Egypt, 259 sq. ; conquer Syria,
260 sqq. ; decay of, after death of Malik
Shāh, 264; see also Turks
Selsey, see of, 509, 516
Selymbria, see Silivri
Semlin (Malevilla), crusaders at, 275
Sempringham, the Order of, 682; 553
Senator, meaning of title at Rome, 369 note
Senlis, commune of, 628 sq. , 649
Sens, archbishopric of, Leo IX and freedom
of election, 26; primacy of Lyons over, 83,
89; Alexander III at, 619; archbishop of,
564, 594; commune of, 649
Seprio, county in Lombardy, 427
Seres, in Macedonia, Normans at, 199
Serfdom, in France, 641 sq.
Sergius IV, Pope, 15; his alleged bull as to
restoration of the Holy Sepulchre, 268 sq.
Sergius IV, duke of Naples, calls in aid of
Normans, 169 sq. ; his recognition of a
commune, 216
Servia, Illyrian town, occupied by Normans,
182
Severn, river, 525; valley of, 663
Severus, bishop of Prague, 4
Sfax, in Barbary, massacre of Christians at,
194
Shāh-an-shāh al-Afdal, see Afdal
Shaizar (Caesarea on the Orontes), 252, 308
Shams-al-muluk Duqāg, see Duqaq
Sharāf-ad-Daulah Muslim, emir oi Mosul,
conflict with Tutush, 262 sq.
Shāwar, vizier of Egypt, and Nur-ad-Din,
308
Shene, charterhouse, 692
Sheriffs, under Henry II, 580 sqq. ; the
"Inquest of Sheriffs,'' 581 sqq.
Sherwood Forest, 577
Shi'ite party, the Ismā'ilian and Qarmatian
sects of, 243 sqq.
Shirkūh, uncle of Saladin, conqueror of
Egypt, 308
Shrewsbury, 530, 538, 545
Shrewsbury, earldom of, created, 512,524 sq. ,
530; earls, see Robert of Bellême, Roger of
Montgomery
Shropshire, 504, 529, 580
Sibt ibn al-Jauzi, Arab historian, 262
Sibylla, second wife of Roger II of Sicily,
191 note
Sibylla, Queen of Sicily, wife of Tancred,
regent, 202 sq. ; her war with Henry VI,
203, 470 sg.
Sibylla, Queen of Jerusalem, sister of Baldwin
IV, 309 sq.
Sic et Non, the, of Abelard, 799 sq.
Sicard, bishop of Cremona, canonist, 742
Sicily, Chap. iv passim; conquest of, 177 sq. ;
Urban II and, 90; final conquest of, by
Roger I, 183; Roger II crowned king of,
186; hostility of Western and Eastern
Empires to new kingdom, ib. ; position of
kingdom on Roger's death, 190 sq. ; king-
dom of, its position in 1160, 195; English.
men settle in, 198; kingdom of, adminis-
2


## p. 997 (#1043) ###########################################

Index
997
trative organisation of, 203 sq. ; feudalism
introduced, 204; corruption of theocratic
monarchy, 205; wealth of rulers, 206;
644; encouragement of art in, ib. ;
monasticism in, 668; relations with Em.
pire and Papacy, 362, 364 sqq. , 370, 374
sqq. , 416 sqq. , 420 sqq. , 427, 437, 439 sqq. ,
444, 447 sqq. , 452 sq. ; Henry VI and,
456 sq. , 460 sqq. , 469 sqq. , 476, 479;
493; counts and Kings of, see Henry VI,
Roger, Simon, Tancred, William
Sidon, 248, 255, 319; lordship of, 302
Sidonius Apollinaris, 766
Siegfried, archbishop of Mayence, his ap-
pointment and character, 114; wishes to
resign his see, 45; and Gregory VII,
60 sqq. ; and Thuringian tithes, 131; at
Council of Worms, 66; sentenced by
Gregory VII, 67; submits to Gregory VII,
73; crowns anti-king Rudolf at Mayence,
73, 139; expelled from Mayence, 120, 139;
joins cardinal Bernard in excommunica-
tion of Henry IV, 140; death of, 142;
157 note
Siegfried, count-palatine of the Rhine, re-
volts against Henry V, 157; death of, 159
Siegfried of Gorze, and Henry III's second
marriage, 22
Siena, election of Pope Nicholas II at, 35;
geographical position of, 208; dispute
over diocesan boundaries with Arezzo,
212; consuls at, 220 sq. ; financial officials
at, 233; risings in, 458; rivalry with
Florence, 228; annexation of, by Cosimo
of Florence, 226
Sigebod, bishop of Spires, 27
Sigehard, count of Saarbrücken, father of
archbishop Adalbert of Mayence, 158
Siger of Brabant, his De anima intellectiva,
Sixtus IV, Pope, 695
Slavs, German penetration among, 165;
attempts to convert, 114, 116, 333; see
also Wends
Snowdon, 525
Soběslav I, duke of Bohemia, brother of
Vladislav I, and Lothar III, 336 sq. ;
supports Béla's claim to Hungary, 345;
does homage to Conrad III, 346, 351 sq. ;
death of, 352
Soběslav II, duke of Bohemia, appointed by
Frederick I, but removed, 389
Socinus, Bartholomew, jurist, 740
Socinus, Marian, jurist, 740
Sofia, crusaders at, 276
Soissonais, the, 649
Soissons, serfdom at, 642; favourable geo-
graphical position of, 643; influence of
its charter, 649; count of, 607; 2, 680
Solway Firth, boundary of England, 524
Somerset, county, 503, 521, 544 sq. ; earldom
of, created by Matilda, 547; earl of, see
Mohun
Somme, river, 499
Soracte, 5, 421
Southampton, 571
Southwark, 547; priory of, 563
Southwell, 678
Souvigny, 618; abbey, 664
Sovana, birthplace of Gregory VII, 51
Spain, Church in, relations with Gregory VII,
85; abbot Richard of Marseilles legate in,
88; archbishop of Toledo made primate
in, 90; Urban II and, ib. ; Paschal II
formerly legate in, 96; Umayyad dynasty
in, 242; wars with the Muslims in, 267,
611; translators from the Arabic in, 810
sqq. , 817; development of Roman and
canon law in, 743 sqq. ; Visigothic laws,
744 sq. ; the Fuero Juzgo, 745; influence
of Justinianean and canon law, 746; the
Fuero Real, 747; las Partidas, ib. ; 644,
655; monasticism in, 676 sq. , 695 sq.
Spalding, 690
Spinoza, and Adam of Lille, 810
Spires, burial of Henry III at, 31; charters
granted to, 120, 157; devotion of citizens
to Henry IV, 127, 151; Henry IV buried
at, 151; 160; Henry V buried at, 165 ;
persecution of Jews by crusaders at, 277;
the centre of Hohenstaufen resistance to
Lothar III, 338 sq. ; captured by Lothar,
339; Lothar holds diet at (1136), 366 ;
St Bernard preaches Second Crusade at,
351, 355 ; 385 ; diet of (1178), 403
Spoleto, city, Henry IV appoints bishop of,
65; hostility to Perugia, 229; burned by
Frederick I, 422; 36
Spoleto, duchy of, Theobald duke of, 5;
given to Victor II by Henry III, 31;
Normans and, 180; Welf VI duke of, 384;
claimed by Alexander III, 429; Conrad
of Urslingen duke of, 472
Stade, 401; captured by Philip of Cologne,
406; enfeoffed to Henry the Lion, 460;
821 sq.
Sigewin, archbishop of Cologne, proclaims
Peace of God, 143; death of, 145
Sileham, 571
Silivri (Selymbria), sacked by crusaders,
281
Silvester, count of Marsico, governor in
Sicily, 196
Silvestrines, Order of, 688
Simon, count of Sicily, 184
Simon de Sentliz, earl of Northampton,
supports Henry II, 568, 571
Simony, 9 sqq. , 38, 41, 59, 61 sqq. , 81,
Simplicius, translated by William of Moer.
beke, 815
Sinān ibn 'Ulyān, Arab chief, 255
Sinzig, 382
Sion, Berthold IV of Zähringen made advo-
catus of see of, 390
Siponto, council at (1050), 25, 27
Siricius, Pope, and the first Decretal, 12,
709, 711; and child lectors, 768
Sitria, 667
Sitt-al-mulk, sister of Hākim, regent in
Egypt, 255
92 sq.


## p. 998 (#1044) ###########################################

998
Index
captured by Adolf III of Holstein, 465;
count of, see Rudolf
Stafford, borough, 504, 537
Staffordshire, 504, 568, 582
Stamford, borough, 538, 551
Stamford Bridge, battle of, 499 sq.
Standard, battle of the, 544
Stephanus Tornacensis, see Étienne of
Tournai
Stephanus, an Eastern jurist, 717
Stephen III, Pope, and papal elections, 36
Stephen IV, Pope, and papal elections, 36
Stephen IX, Pope (Frederick of Lorraine),
abbot of Monte Cassino, 29 sqq. ; papacy
of, 30, 32 sq. ; death of, 33, 35; 52, 114, 174
Stephen of Blois, King of England, favoured
by Henry I, 537; his fiefs, 537, 541;
swears fealty to Matilda, 540; his claims
to the throne, 541; crowned, 542; oppo-
sition to, 543, 604; Scottish wars, 543
sq. ; his failure in Normandy, 544;
quarrels with the Church, 545; civil war
with Matilda, 545 sqq. ; captured and
released, 547 sq. ; pause in the struggle,
549 sq. ; loses Normandy, 550, 607;
Henry II's invasion, 551, 610; peace with
Henry, 552, 610; dies, 552; character of
his reign, 552 sq.
Stephen I, St, King of Hungary, 85
Stephen II, King of Hungary, death of, 345
Stephen, cardinal, legate in France, 38, 46
Stephen of Chartres, Patriarch of Jerusalem,
313
Stephen of Perche, archbishop of Palermo,
brief rule in Sicily, 197
Stephen, St, founder of the Order of Grand-
mont, 668
Stephen, count of Blois, reaches Constanti-
nople in First Crusade, 283; on strength
of crusaders' army, 289 note; his position
as leader of First Crusade, 292 note; his
alarmist report to Alexius I, 294
Stephen of Obasine, 670
Stettin, saved by bishop Adalbert, 355
Stigand, archbishop of Canterbury, 501 sq. ;
Sulaiman ibn Qutulmish, Seljūg emir, 263
Supplinburg, house of, failure of male line
of, 153 sq. ; see also Gebhard, Lothar III
Surrey, county, 582
Surrey, earldom of, created by William
Rufus, 529; 552; earls of, see Warenne,
William of Blois
Sūs, in Barbary, 190
Susa, in Piedmont, 442, 445
Süssel, 354
Sussex, county, 485, 497 sqq. ; no royal
manors kept in, 509; 521, 525; Robert
of Bellême loses his barony in, 529 sq. ;
564, 584
Sussex, earldom of, created by Stephen,
548; earl of, see Albini; see also Arundel
Sutri, synod of (1046), 21; synod of (1059),
36; Guibert at, 96; Henry V confirms
settlement with Paschal II at, 102 ;
Frederick I and Hadrian IV meet near,
418 sqq. ; bishop of, 473
Svatopluk, duke of Bohemia, relations with
Henry V, 165
Svein II Estrithson, King of Denmark, his
meeting with Henry IV, 130; his claims
on England, 482 sq. ; invades England, but
is forced to retire, 504
Svein III, King of Denmark, and the Wends,
355; his civil war with Canute, 386 sq. ;
his treachery and death, 387
Swabia, Agnes appoints Rudolf as duke of,
113; 118, 122, 133; position in, in 1077,
139; Frederick of Hohenstaufen appointed
duke of, 140; 141 sqq. ; supporters of Weli
in, 144 sq. ; 146 sq. ; settlement of duchy,
148 sq. ; power of Hohenstaufen in, 163,
166, 336; Lothar III and, 336 sqq. , 340;
defeat of Hohenstaufen, 340 sq. ; 128 note,
358, 466; dukes of, see Berthold, Frede-
rick, Otto, Philip, Rudolf; count-palatine
of, see Hugh
Sweden, Church in, relations with Gregory
VII, 85; monasticism in, 677, 694
Swine, nunnery, 681 sq.
Switzerland, development of Roman and
canon law in, 755 sq.
Sykelgaita, sister of Gisulf, marries Robert
Guiscard, 174; 182
Sylva Candida, cardinal-bishop of, made
bibliothecarius, 18
Sylvester I, Pope, 85
Sylvester II, Pope (Gerbert of Aurillac), his
philosophical works, 791; views
taken to Normandy, 503; his sees and
fiefs, 510 sq. ; deposed, 516
Stirling, castle of, 571
Strasbourg, 336, 409; peace of (1189), 459,
463
Strongbow, Richard Fitz Gilbert de Clare,
earl of Pembroke, conquers Leinster, 565
Stuteville family, 568
Stuteville, Roger de, 580
Stuteville, William de, 571
Styria, march of, created a duchy, 405
Subiaco, monastery, 685
Suffolk, county, 507 sq. , 568
Sufis, philosophy of the, 816
Suger, abbot of St Denis, on Hugh of Le
Puiset, 594 ; Louis VI and, 597 sq. ; 605,
607; opposes Louis VII's crusade, 608,
373; regent, 608; his character and policy,
622 sq. ; 335, 684
Suidger of Bamberg, see Clement II, Pope
simony, 10 sq. ; 3
Sylvester III, anti-Pope, see John, bishop
of Sabina
Sylvester IV, anti-Pope, see Maginulf
Syon, Brigitine monastery, 692, 694 sq.
Syracuse, 176 sq. ; captured by the Normans,
183; surrenders to Henry VI, 471
Syria, see Chaps. VI, VII, VIII; disputed be-
tween Byzantines and Fātimites, 246 sqq. ;
conquered by Seljūgs, 259 sqq. ; invaded
by the First Crusade, 287, 289 sqq. ; see
also Jerusalem, kingdom of
I
on


## p. 999 (#1045) ###########################################

Index
999
Tadcaster, 499
Tāj-ad-Daulah Tutush, see Tutush
Talant, military importance of, 644; 630
Talvas, William, of Bellême, 541; rebels
against Stephen, 543
Tamim, Zairid emir of Africa, 177, 189,
226
Tanchelin, heresy of, 680
Tancred, King of Sicily, count of Lecce,
462; commands fleet of William II of
Sicily, 199; chosen King, 201, 461 sq. ;
relations with Richard I, 201, 462, 468;
his war with Henry VI, 201 sq. , 462 sqq. ,
469 sq. ; concordat of Gravina, 202, 464 sq. ,
467; relations with Byzantium, 202, 470;
dies, 202, 470
Tancred, prince of Antioch, nephew of
Bohemond, joins First Crusade, 274; at
Dorylaeum, 286; his rivalry with Baldwin
in Cilicia, 287 sqq. ; at siege of Antioch,
291 sq. ; marches on Jerusalem, 295; his
rule in Antioch, 301, 304
Tancred de Hauteville, his family, 170
Tancred, son of Tancred de Hauteville,
170
Tancred of Conversano, rebels against
Roger II, 186
Tancred, canonist, and the Ordo Iudiciarius,
743
Tannenberg, defeat of Teutonic Knights at,
333
Taranto, 173, 175 sq. , 192, 203, 464, 471
Taratūs, on Syrian coast, 252, 263
Taronea, abbey, 683
Tarsus, captured by Byzantines, 246; sur-
renders to crusaders, 288; in principality
of Antioch, 301
Tart, first Cistercian nunnery, 681
Tartars, appear in Syria, 317; defeated by
Qutuz, ib. ; missionary effort among, 325
Taxation, papal, x sq. ; ecclesiastical, 323 sq. ;
in Germany under Henry IV, 122 sq. ; in
England, 514, 519, 523, 533 sq. , 538 sq. ,
553, 582 sq. , 585, 590; in Sicily, 206
Tedald, father of Boniface of Tuscany, 23
Tedald, appointed archbishop of Milan by
Henry IV, 65, 134; Gregory VII and, 65
Tees, river, 519
Telham, 501
Tell-as-sultān, see Fasdiq
Tempier, Étienne, and Aquinas, 823
Templars, see Knights Templars
Terracina, Urban II elected at, 87
Terra di Lavoro, the, 195
Teutonic Knights, Order of, 306, 331 sqq. ,
683
Thames, river, 501, 507, 545, 551 sq.
Thebes, sacked by Roger II, 376
Theobald (IV), King of Navarre, count of
Champagne, leads a crusade in 1238, 315
sq. ; his charters to Troyes and Provins,
639
Theobald IV (II), count of Blois, Chartres,
and (1125) Champagne Troyes), wars
with Louis VI and Hugh de Puiset, 594,
597, 602 sq. ; succeeds to Champagne, 604;
the English succession and, 540 sqq. ;
quarrels with Louis VII, 605 sqq.
Theobald V, count of Blois, allies with
Henry 612; 614, 622
Theobald, duke of Spoleto, 5
Theobald, archbishop of Canterbury, 545;
re-crowns Stephen, 548; becomes his
enemy, 550; flees to Normandy, 551;
Henry II and, 555; dies, 557
Theodora, wife of Henry Jasomirgott, 385
Theodore, archbishop of Canterbury, his
collection of penitentials, 710
Theodoric, King of the Ostrogoths, his
Edictum, 723; and schools of rhetoric,
766
Theodoric of Santa Rufina, anti-Pope, 96
Theodoric, cardinal-priest, excommunicates
Henry V, 160; death of, ib.
Theodoric, of Flanders, see Thierry
Theodosian Code, 12, 701, 704, 720 sq. , 730,
741, 745
Theodosius I, Emperor, 433
Theodosius II, Emperor, 739
Theodulf the Visigoth, bishop of Orleans,
and schools, 772, 774 sqq.
Theophilus, reputed author of the Para-
phrase of the Institutes, 717
Theophylact, cardinal, son of Gregory of
Tusculum, see Benedict VIII, Pope
Theophylact, son of Alberic of Tusculum,
see Benedict IX, Pope
Thetford, 511, 538
Thierry (Theodoric) of Alsace, count of
Flanders, secures county, 599 sqq.
; 399
note; on crusade, 308; 607
Thierry of Chartres, and logic, 808
Thierry Galeran, minister of Louis VI,
622
Thietmar, bishop of Hildesheim, 17
Thiron, monastery of, 670, 675, 678, 683
Thirsk castle, 568, 570 sq.
Thomas Becket, see Becket
Thomas of Bayeux, archbishop of York,
516
Thomas of Marle, his cruelty, 593; and
Louis VI, 595 sq.
Thorn, founded by Teutonic Knights, 333
Thorold of Neufmarché, made a guardian
of William I of Normandy, 492
Thumál, brother of Nasr ibn Şāliḥ, 258; his
rule in Aleppo, 258 sq.
Thuringia, title of landgrave in, 119; tithes
in, 131 ; 128, 140 sq. , 148, 158 sq. ; count
of, see Louis; landgraves of, see Herman,
Louis
Thurkil of Arden, 508
Thurstan Goz, vicomte of the Hiesmois,
493
Tiber, river, 78; island in, 91, 96; 661
Tiglieto, Cistercian abbey, 676
Tilleda, 469
Tillières, siege of, by Louis VI, 603
Tīmūr, his zeal for Islām, 326
Tinchebrai, battle of, 531 sq.


## p. 1000 (#1046) ##########################################

1000
Index
Tinnis, in Barbary, 189; pillaged by Nor-
mans, 200
Tintern, Cistercian abbey, 676
Tivoli, anti-Pope Guibert at, 79; hostility
of Rome to, 369; 429
Toledo, council of (531), 11, 769 sq. ; arch-
bishop of, made primate in Spain, 88, 90
Tolomei, Bernardo, founder of the Order
of Monte Oliveto, 688
Tonbridge, 521
Topcliffe, 571
Topoteretes, Ardoin appointed, at Melfi,
170
Toron, barony of the kingdom of Jerusalem,
302; see also Henfrid
Torquemada, cardinal John of, the canonist,
743, 748
Tortona, natural ally of Milan, 230 sq. ;
besieged and destroyed by Frederick I,
418; rebuilt, 422, 426
Tostig, rises against Harold, 499; defeated
and slain, ib.
Toul, 397, 409, 468; monastery of St Aper
Toulon, trade of, 644
Toulouse, Louis VII and, 605, 612, 616;
commune of, 628 sq. , 631, 650; synod at,
39
Toulouse (St Gilles), counts of, Henry II
and, 555 sq. , 562, 588, 611, 614; Louis VII
and, 556, 605, 611 sq. ; Richard I and, 572;
count of, 614, 645; effect of Crusades
on, 328; see also Alphonse-Jourdain,
Raymond
Touraine, 555, 612, 671
Tours, council at (1060), 38, 46; synod at
(1096), 95; province of, placed under
primacy of Lyons, 83; town, 652
Towy, river, 525, 546
Tractatus de investitura episcoporum, pam-
phlet in support of Henry V, 154
Trani, in Apulia, 169, 180, 192
Trapani, 176
Trave, river, 344, 354, 465
Treasurer, office of, under Henry II, 579 sq.
Trecate, destroyed by Frederick I, 417
Trematon, castle of, 530
Trent, city, 345; Council of, 696
Trent, river, 570
Treuga Dei, see Truce of God
Trèves, persecution of Jews by crusaders at,
277; dispute over see of (1183), 395, 407
sqq. , 453, 455 sq. , 458 sq. ; 20, 27
Treviso, disputes with Venice, 230; bishop
cedes feudal rights, 232; 449
Trezzo, captured by Frederick I, 427; re-
captured by Milanese, 428
Tribūr, diet at (1066), 116; diet at (1076),
decisions of, against Henry IV, 68 sq. ,
Tricontai, victory of Henry IV over Matilda
at, 91
Trie, 569
Trifels, castle of, 165, 474 note
Trikala, Normans at, 182
Trinitarian Order, the, 683
Tripoli, in Barbary, captured by Normans,
189; rebellion at, 190, 194
Tripolis, city on Syrian coast, 248 sq. , 252,
257, 264, 295; captured by crusaders, 302;
310, 312; taken by Qalā’ūn, 317 sq.
Tripolis, Frankish county of, 301 sq. , 313;
Assises of, 304; counts of, see Bertram,
Bohemond IV, Pons, Raymond
Trivium, the, 765
Troarn, monastery, 497
Troia, Normans established at, by Boioannes,
166; autonomy of, 216
Troina, Normans take, 177
Trois-Fontaines, abbey, 673
Trosly, synod of (909), and decay of regular
life, 4, 8
Troyes, commune of, 628, 639; 557; council
of (1107), 101; council of (1128), 682
Troyes, county, counts of, see Henry, Hugh,
Theobald; see also Champagne
Truce of God, compared with the Peace of
Weissenberg, 384; first proclaimed in
Normandy, 493 ; 27
Tughril Beg, Seljūq Sultan, 256; relations
with Abbasid Caliphs, 258 sq. ; his invasion
of Mesopotamia, 260
Tugbtigin, Turkish emir, 264
Tuln, near Vienna, 280
Tūlūnites, dynasty of emirs of Egypt, 259
Tunis, Fátimite Caliphs in, 242; indepen.
dent Aghlabite emirs in, 242; 247; Zairite
emirs in, 258, 266; Norman conquests in,
at, 2
189 sq.
Turks (Seljūqs), conquests in Syria, 260
sqq. ; victories over Byzantines, effect of,
in Europe, 269 sq. ; see also Chap. VIII
passim
Tuscany, 23, 33, 76, 93, 125; importance
of geography of the cities of, 227 sq. ;
366 sq. , 418, 442 sqq. , 458, 472; dukes,
marquesses, and countesses of, see Bea-
trice, Boniface, Godfrey, Matilda, Philip,
Welf
Tusculum, city, 377, 421; Rainald of Dassel
at, 440; destroyed by the Romans, 463;
459
Tusculum, counts of, 14, 19, 35
Tutbury, castle, 568
Tutush, Tāj-ad-Daulah, brother of Malik
Shāh, his Syrian conquests, 262 sqq. ;
death of, 264
Tweed, river, 554
Tyne, river, 504, 570
Tyre, 255, 257, 262, 264; in royal domain
of Jerusalem, 302; captured by Baldwin II,
305, 329; held by Conrad of Montferrat,
310; 317, 465
Tzibikon, Normans at, 182
136 sq.
Ubaidallāh ibn Muhammad, proclaimed
Mahdi and first Fātimite Caliph, 244
Ubald, cardinal-bishop of Ostia, see Lucius
III, Pope
Uberti, noble family of Florence, 226


## p. 1001 (#1047) ##########################################

Index
1001
Uberto, count of Bologna, relations with the
city, 232
Udalric, abbot of Fulda, 163
Udalric, count of Weimar, Henry V and fiefs
of, 157
Udine (Foroiulium), see of, 28
Udo, archbishop of Trèves, holds synod at
Toul, 61; at Council of Worms, 66
Udo, margrave of the North Mark, death of,
142
Ulm, Henry IV holds diet at, 140; synod at
(1093), supports Urban II, 92, 147; siege
and destruction of, by Henry the Proud,
340; 136 sq. , 383, 393
Ulric, bishop of Cremona, 214
Ulric-Manfred II, marquess of Turin, receives
collective oath from Ivrea, 216 sq.
Ulrich, patriarch of Aquileia, crowns Henry
VI King of Italy, 408, 457
Ulrich, bishop of Basle, 17
Ulrich, bishop of Halberstadt, deprived of
regalia by Frederick I, 393; his restora-
tion and quarrel with Henry the Lion,
403; captured by Henry, 405; death of,
406
Ulrich, author of the Antiquiores Consuetu-
dines, 663 sq.
Ulster, 565
Umbria, position of communes in, 228
Umiliati, sect of, and cloth industry, 239
Unstrut, river, battle on the (1075), 64, 133
sq. , 335 note; 406
Upezzinghi, become Pisan citizens, 224
Uqhuwānah, battle at, 255
Urban II, Pope (Otto, cardinal-bishop of
Ostia), x; his early life, 87, 666; papal
legate in Germany, 79, 87, 142 sq. ; elected
Pope, 87, 145; his character and policy,
87 sqq. ; decrees against lay investiture,
88 sq. , 99; attitude towards temporal au-
thority of Papacy, 90, 85 note; relations
with Normans, 90, 105, 183 sq. , 193; and
North Italy, 90 sq. ; and Rome, 91; and
Germany, 91 sq. ; and simony, 92 sq. ;
decrees at council of Piacenza, 93; his
tour through Italy and France, 93 sqq. ;
proclaims First Crusade, 94 sq. , 147, 265,
268, 272 sq. ; the Carthusians and, 669 sq. ;
returns to Rome, 95; death of, 95, 149;
96 sq. , 101, 109, 145
Urban III, Pope (Humbert, archbishop of
Milan), accession of, 408, 453, 457 ; his
opposition to Frederick I, 393, 408, 457
sq. , 475; death of, 409, 458
Urban IV, Pope, and Aristotle, 818
Urban V, Pope, 694
Urgel, see of, 10; bishop of, 655
Utrecht, feud between bishop and townsmen
of, 384
Uzès, lord of, 616
Val-des-Chaux, monastery, 678
Val-des-Dunes, battle of, 493, 497
Valdicastro, Romuald's hermitage at, 667
Valencia, monasticism in, 677
Valenciennes, gild at, 397
Valla, Lorenzo, humanist, 741
Valladolid, 695
Vallée d'Aspe, commune, 655
Vallée d'Azun, commune, 655
Vallée d'Ossau, commune, 655
Vallombrosa, monastic order of, 668 sq.
Valognes, 493
Valvassores minores, minor nobles in Italian
cities, 217 sq.
Varaville, battle of, 495
Vauclair, monastery, 675
Vaucouleurs, 397, 468
Vaux, William de, 571
Vehringen, salt tolls at, 400
Venice, geographical position of, 208, 229;
early institutions of, 215; her defeat of
Slav pirates and of Muslims, 226; her
exports, 239; commerce of, 328; its
development during crusades, 329; aids
Byzantium against Normans, 182 sq. ; aids
Baldwin I, 304 sq. ; urges Lothar III to
attack Normans, 345, 366; Conrad III
and, 357; William I of Sicily makes
peace with, 191; encourages Lombard
cities to revolt, 437; makes alliance with
Sicily and Byzantines, 439; quarrel of, with
Byzantines, 199; alliance of William II
of Sicily with, 199; treaty of (1177), 395
sq. , 403, 450, 454; its results, 455; and
the Fourth Crusade, 329 sq. ; spoils of,
from the capture of Constantinople, 330 ;
28, 113, 409
Vercelli, geographical position of, 229, 231
note; council of (1050), 25, 28; treaty of
(1194), between Henry VI and Lombard
towns, 203, 470; 2
Verdun, 2, 27, 491; échevinage du palais at,
632; commune of, 635
Vere family, fiefs of, 511
Vere, Aubrey de, earl of Oxford, count of
Guisnes, 548 sq.
Veria, Normans at, 182
Vermandois, county of, 606
Verneuil, 610, 614
Vernon, 610
Verona, geographical position of, 208; and
deposition of bishop Ratherius, 214; her
rivalries, 230; Henry IV isolated at, 91,
146; hostile to Lothar III, 364; takes oath
of fealty to Frederick I, 426; League of,
against Frederick I, 438, 440; Lucius III
at, 451; his conference with Frederick I
at, 453, 455 sqq. ; 31, 386, 409, 458
Vexin, French, 491, 520, 527, 602
Vexin, Norman, 536, 539, 541, 601 sq. , 611
sq.
Vézelay, monastery of, 562, 608, 610, 615,
664 ; commune of, 642
Viborg, victory of Waldemar at, 387
Vicelin, his missionary work in Holstein,
Vacarius, the jurist, 737, 757
Vaison, council of, and schools, 769
Valcausus, a Pavese lawyer, 733
Val Demone, 177


## p. 1002 (#1048) ##########################################

1002
Index
344, 354 sq. ; made bishop of Oldenburg,
356; relations with Henry the Lion, ib. ;
399
Vicenza, her rivalries, 230; joins League of
Verona, 438; 2
Vicomté, in Normandy, nature of the, 485
Victor II, Pope (Gebhard, bishop of Eich-
städt), 28; papacy of, 31 sq. ; character of,
32; death of, at Arezzo, 32; 33 sq. , 41,
52, 112, 174
Victor III, Pope (Desiderius, abbot of Monte
Cassino), as abbot, 21, 33 sq. , 36; made
cardinal, 36; relations with Normans,
43, 86, 175, 178 sqq. ; elected Pope, 86; his
character and rule, 86 sq. ; and war against
Muslims, 268; death of, 87; 31, 88
Victor IV, anti-Pope (1138), 187, 368
Victor IV, anti-Pope, see Octavian
Vienna, 352
Vienne, council at (1060), 38, 46; synod at,
condemns cession of investiture by Paschal
II, 103; council of (1311), and schools of
oriental languages, 325
Viennois, 617; see also Dauphiné
Villegly, village, 653
Vincent the Spaniard, the canonist, 742
Visigoths, laws of, 721 sq. , 726 sq.
Vital, founds congregation of Savigny, 670
Viterbo, Eugenius III at, 377; Frederick I
at, 419
Vitry-sur-Marne, burned by Louis VII, 606
Vladislav (Wladisław), duke of Poland,
succeeds Boleslav IV, 351; expelled by his
brother 351, 388; 389
Vladislav I, duke of Bohemia, and Henry V,
164; death of, 336; disputes over his suc-
cession, 336 sq.
Vladislav II (I), duke (afterwards King) of
Bohemia, nephew of Soběslav of Bohemia,
supported by Conrad III, 352; his success,
ib. ; marries Gertrude, sister of Henry
Jasomirgott, 352; relations with Frederick
I, 389; abdicates, ib. ; 385
Vladislav, son of Soběslav of Bohemia,
refused dukedom by Conrad III, 352
Vodena, Normans at, 182
Voghera, 445
Volkmar, leader of a band of crusaders, 276
Vosges, the, village communities in, 650,
652 sq. ; 671
Vratislav II, duke (afterwards King) of
Bohemia, 133; driven from Meissen, 135;
his loyalty to Empire, 139, 113 note; 144
Vratislav, son of Niclot, his wars with Henry
the Lion, 398
406; helps Frederick I to capture Lübeck,
ib. ; succeeded by Canute VI, 407
Wales, William I and, 507, 509, 511 sq. ,
524; William II and, 524 sq. ; Henry II
and, 556 sq. ; monasticism in, 677; see
Deheubarth, Dyfed, Gwynedd, Powys
Wallingford, town of, William I crosses the
Thames at, 501; 538, 549, 551; honour
of, 536; treaty of, 552; 554; council at,
555
Walram, count of Limburg, given duchy of
Lower Lorraine by Lothar III, 338; death
of, 350
Walter, abbot of Battle, 577
Walter of Coutances, archbishop of Rouen,
579
Walter Espec of Malton, the justiciar, 534
Walter Ophamil, see Opha Walter
Walter, bishop of Orleans, and schools, 777
Walter of Ravenna, legate of Innocent II in
Germany, 342
Walter of St Victor, his Contra quattuor
labyrinthos Franciae, 804
Walter Sansavoir, and First Crusade, 275;
death of, 276
Walter of Teck, a leader of German cru-
saders, 275; death of, 276
Walter Tirel, suspected of murdering William
II, 527
Walter, the chaplain, and Henry II, 567
Walter, count of Mantes, 495
Waltham, abbey, 684
Waltheof, earl of Northumberland, taken
to Normandy, 503; rebels but forced to
submit, 504; his fiefs, 511; earl of
Northumberland, 517; executed, 518
Walton, 569
Wareham, 498 note
Warenne, family of, 536
Warenne, Hamelin, earl, supports Henry II,
568
Warenne, William of, fiefs of, 511; 522 sq.
Warenne, William of, earl of Surrey, aids
Robert of Normandy, 529
Warenne, William of, earl of Surrey, accepts
Stephen, 542; alienated from him, 543
Wark, castle of, 570
Warmstadt, Henry V defeats rebels at, 159
Warneville, Ralf de, chancellor of Henry II,
579
Warwick, castle built at, 503; 538, 551, 584
Warwick, earl of, see Beaumont
Waterford, 565
Waverley, Cistercian abbey, 676 sq.
Wazo, bishop of Liège, 3, 20, 22 sqq.
Weald, the, 500
Weibling (or Ghibelline), first use of the term
as party-name, 349
Weingarten, monastery, 337
Weinsberg, captured by Conrad III, 348 sq.
Weissenburg, peace enacted at, for Rhenish
Franconia, 383
Weissensee, battle at, 406
Welf, family of, their original home, 119
note, 404; their power in Bavaria, 163;
Wace, rhyming chronicler, on the Norman
army, 498
Wagria, county of, 344, 354
Walcher, bishop of Cambrai, 148
Walcher, bishop of Durham, murder of, 519
Waldemar I, King of Denmark, son of
Canute Schleswig, obtains the throne,
386 sq. ; alliance with Henry the Lion,
387, 397 sq. ; breach with Henry the Lion,


## p. 1003 (#1049) ##########################################

Index
1003
feud with Hohenstaufen, 346 sq. ; Frede.
rick I and, 384 sqq. ; Henry VI and, 461,
465 sqq. ; 129 note, 152 sqq. , 357 sq. , 381;
see also Henry the Black, Henry the Proud,
Henry the Lion, Henry count-palatine,
Lothar, Otto IV, William
Welf III, last male of older line, 129 note,
337 note
Welf IV, duke of Bavaria, given duchy, 129;
at battle on the Unstrut, 133; his change
of attitude, 134 sq. ; defeats Henry IV's
troops on the Neckar, 140; victorious at
battle of Pleichfeld, 144; Urban II and,
91 sq. , 146; reconciled with Henry IV,
,146 sqq. ; death of, 154; 139, 145, 152 sq.
Welf V, duke of Bavaria, marries Matilda
of Tuscany, 91 sq. , 146; 148; succeeds to
duchy, 154; neutral in revolt of Henry V,
150; death of, 154
Welf VI, his lands in Bavaria and Swabia,
337; defeated by Conrad III, 348 sq. ;
contest with Henry Jasomirgott, 350;
takes the Cross, 353; his arrangement with
Roger II against Conrad III, 188 sq. , 356
sq. ; made marquess of Tuscany and duke
of Spoleto by Frederick I, 384; obtains
inheritance of Matilda, 386, 428; feud with
Hugh of Tübingen, 388; sells his lands
to Frederick I, 402, 443; dies, 466
Welf VII, of Tuscany, death of, 402, 442
Welfesholze, Henry V defeated at, 159
Welland, river, 500, 507
Welles, William, abbot of St Mary's, York,
690
Wells, communal chapter at, 678
Wends, expeditions of Lothar III against,
164, 334, 343 sq. ; rebellion of, 354; cru-
sade against, 355 sq. ; its failure, ib. ; at.
tempts to convert, 333; subdued by Henry
the Lion, 397 sq. ; progress of Christianity
among, 398 sq. ; peaceful state of, under
Henry the Lion, 399; 386 sq. , 406
Werla, Frederick I holds diet at, 406; 398
Werner (Wezil), archbishop of Mayence, ap-
pointed by Henry IV, 142; his ordinations
invalid, 92; 148
Werner, archbishop of Magdeburg, revolts
against Henry IV, 129 sqq. ; 62, 115 note
Werner, marquess of Ancona, revolts against
Paschal II, 96
Weser, river, 405
Wessex, kingdom of, 481 sqq. ; Eastern, 501;
Western, 502 sq. , 507; house of, 671
Westminster, abbey of, Harold crowned at,
481; William I crowned at, 502; 509, 521,
528; Stephen crowned at, 542; 546;
Henry II crowned at, 553, 610; 684, 690
sq. ; council at, 538, 573 note; Court of
Justice at, 575; exchequer at, 585
Westmorland, conquered by William II,
524; 566
Westphalia, granted to archbishop Philip of
Cologne, 405, 408; 159, 354, 399, 403,
406
Westwood, nunnery, 671
Wettins, the, family, 334
Wexford, 565
Wezil, see Werner of Mayence
Whatlington, 500
Wherwell, 547
Whitby, nunnery, 671
Whithorn, Premonstratensian chapter, 681
Whitland, Cistercian abbey, 677
Wibald, abbot of Stablo, made governor of
Germany in Conrad III's absence, 353; on
Conrad III, 358; his embassy to Italy,
379 sq. ; letter of Eugenius III to, 414;
on Frederick I, 382 sq. ; letter of Frede-
rick to, 388
Wibert of Toul, his life of Leo IX, 27
Wichmann, archbishopof Magdeburg, bishop
of Zeitz, appointed by Frederick to Magde-
burg, 392, 414; his embassy Alexander
III, 395; his hostility to Henry the Lion,
401, 403; death of, 465 sq.
Widerich, abbot of St Evré, 24
Widger, archbishop of Ravenna, tried by
Henry III, 20
Wieselburg (Meseburg), crusaders at, 276
Wight, Isle of, 503
Wigmore, castle at, 537, 559
William I, the Conqueror, King of England,
duke of Normandy, Chap. xv; a menace
to Harold, 482 sq. ; his minority, 492 sq. ;
defeats rebels at Val-des-Dunes, 493;
marries Matilda, 494 ; relations with Leo
IX, ib. ; visits to Edward the Confessor,
494; acquires the county of Maine, 495;
his strong position in 1065, 496; reconciled
with Nicholas II, ib. ; his control over the
Church in Normandy, ib. ; prepares to
invade England, 497 sqq. ; strength of his
army, 498; lands at Pevensey, 500; defeats
Harold near Hastings, 500 sq. ; and marches
on London, 501 sq. ; crowned, 502; com-
pletes conquest, 502 sqq. ; devastates York-
shire, 504; his re-allotment of the land,
505 sqq. ; causes "Domesday Book” to be
prepared, 505 sqq. ; the rental of England
in 1086, 506 sqq. ; his crown lands, 508;
revenue allotted to the clergy, 509 sq. ;
allotment of lay fiefs, 510 sqq. ; their
tenure, 511 sq. ; the peasantry, 512 sq. ;
his reconstruction of English society, xv,
514; the Curia Regis, 515; his church
reforms, 46, 84, 515 sq. ; Gregory VII and,
58, 63, 83 sq. , 516; wars in Maine, 517 sq. ;
invades Scotland, 517; family quarrels,
518 sq. ; the oath of Salisbury, 520; his
death, ib. ; 21
William II Rufus, King of England, Chap.
xvi; coronation, 521; suppresses revolts
of Odo of Bayeux and others, 521 sqg. ;
makes Ranulf Flambard his chief adviser,
522; his invasion of Normandy, 523;
relations with Scotland, 524; and Wales,
524 sq. ; and Urban II, 89 sq. , 526; and
Anselm, 525 sq. ; obtains Normandy, 526
sq. ; his opinion of Paschal II, 97; his
death, 527; 274, 666


## p. 1004 (#1050) ##########################################

1004
Index
William, King of Scots, makes war on
Henry II, 567, 570; captured, and becomes
Henry's vassal, 571
William I, King of Sicily, his early difficulties,
191; his victory, 192; treaty of Benevento
with Hadrian IV, 193, 416 sq. , 423 sq. ;
expedition against Byzantines, 193 sq. ;
makes peace with Byzantines, 194; alliance
with Papacy against German Emperor, ib. ;
his influence at Rome, ib. ; loses African
possessions, 194 sq. ; suppresses revolt of
nobles in 1160, 195; reinstates Alexander
III in Rome, 196; death of, ib. , 439;
character of his reign, 196
William II, King of Sicily, minority of,
197, 439; policy of, 197 sq. ; relations with
Papacy, Empire, and Byzantium, 198 sq. ;
his attack on Byzantium, 199 sq. ; his
Moorish policy, 199 sq. ; and the Third
Crusade, 200; relations with Henry II of
England, 198; marries Joan, Henry's
daughter, ib. , 456; 457 note; death and
character of, 200, 460; 461
William III, King of Sicily, 202, 470; cap-
tured and deposed by Henry VI, 203, 471;
his fate, ib.
William I Longsword, duke of Normandy,
483
William, duke of Apulia, his rule, 185
William the Pious, duke of Aquitaine, 659;
founds monastery at Cluny, 661
William X, duke of Aquitaine, father of
Eleanor, 604
William,countof Burgundy(Franche Comté),
murder of, 337
William, count of Mâcon, claims county of
Burgundy, 389
William VI, count of Auvergne, and Louis VI,
598
William Clito, count of Flanders, son of
Robert Curthose, 338, 531, 536; given
Flanders by Louis VI, 599; his failure
and deuth, 539, 600 sq.
William Aetheling, son of Henry I, 604
William, son of Henry II, 555
William of Moerbeke, archbishop of Corinth,
his translations of Aristotle, 331, 812 sqq. ,
820
William of St Carilef, bishop of Durham,
rebels against William II, 521 sq.
William, archbishop of Tyre, chronicler, his
value, 313, 332; on Knights Templars,
306; on treaty between Zahir and Con-
stantine VIII, 256 note; on Baldwin I,
304
William of Volpiano, St, abbot of St Bénigne
at Dijon, monastic reformer, 2, 10, 24;
and the Norman monasteries, 484, 663;
and schools, 779
William, abbot of Hirschau, and monastic
reform in Germany, 142 sq. , 663; his
hostility to Henry IV, 139, 142; death of,
92, 147
William of Vercelli, general of Order of
Pulsano, 688
William of Aumâle, earl of York, 546; sur-
renders Scarborough to Henry II, 555
William Fitz Osbern, see Fitz Osbern,
William
William, earl of Gloucester, supports Henry
II, 568 sq.
William of Roumare, earl of Lincoln,
governs Normandy for Stephen, 544;
created earl, 546; rebels, ib.
William Longespée, earl of Salisbury, in first
crusade of Louis IX, 316
William (of Blois), son of King Stephen,
earl of Surrey, count of Boulogne, 552, 555
William, son of Henry the Lion, 469
William of Ypres, Flemish knight, and
Stephen, 543, 548; and Flanders, 599
William, brother of Malger, 492; made count
of Arques, 493; exiled by William I, 494
William, count of Mortain, and William I,
494
William of Breteuil, supports Robert of
Normandy, 523
William Busac of Eu, and William the
Conqueror, 494
William of Chaumont, 603
William of Eu, rebels against William II,
523
William of Eynsford, and Becket, 558
William of Melun, a leader of crusaders,
277
William of Montreuil, aids Alexander II
against Richard of Capua, 178
William de Pont de l'Arche, favours Stephen,
542
William Talvas, see Talvas, William
William, brother of Richard of Aversa,
appointed count of the Principato, 173;
alliance with Roger, ib.
William of the Iron Arm, son of Tancred
de Hauteville, 170; goes to Aversa, ib. ;
revolts against Byzantines, 171; death of,
172
William of Auxerre, his attempt to expurgate
Aristotle, 818
William of Champeaux, and Abelard, 798
William of Conches, teaches Henry II, 551;
and Platonism, 809
William of Drogheda, his Summa Aurea, 757
William of Lyndwood, English canonist,
757
William of Malmesbury, chronicler, 498
note
William of Newburgh, chronicler, 584
William of Poitiers, chronicler, 499 note
William of Rubruquis, sent as missionary to
the Great Khan, 325; his story of his
adventures, 327
Willibert, archbishop of Cologne, 13
Willigis, archbishop of Mayence, consecrates
St Adalbert, 4
Wilton, merchant gild formed at, 538
Wiltshire, 545 sq. , 549, 552, 580, 582
Winchcombe, 538
Winchelsea, 499
Winchester, 501; book of, see Domesday;


## p. 1005 (#1051) ##########################################

Index
1005
Xanten, 680
Xerigordon, castle, captured by German
crusaders, 276
Xiphilin, John, Eastern jurist, 719
Yaghi Bassān, Turkish governor of Antioch,
264, 290
Yahya, historian, on treaty between Greeks
and Fátimites, 252 note, 257 note; chro.
nology of, 255, 257 note
Yarmouth, 481, 538, 578
Yolande, daughter of John de Brienne,
marries Frederick II, 314; death of, 315;
316
York, 499; castle built at, 503; 504, 511;
merchant gild formed at, 538; see of, 516,
550; claims of Canterbury to primaoy
over, 83, 106, 516; church of St Peter at,
544; 555, 562; earldom of, created by
Stephen, 546; earl of, see William
Yorkshire, 503 sq. ; harrying of, 504, 507,
544, 568, 578; sheriff of, 571; 681 sq.
see of, 509, 511, 521; Rufus buried at,
527; 528, 537, 541 ; castle of, 542; 546
sqq. ; assembly at, 552; synods at, 46,
84; hospital of St Cross at, 553; council
at, 555; 576; earl of, 314
Windesheim, Congregation of, 694
Windsor, Assize of, see Assize
Winemar of Boulogne, leader of Flemish
fleet in First Crusade, 288
Wiprecht, count of Groitsch, revolts against
Henry IV, 159; appointed margrave of the
East Mark, 164
Witan, Witenagemot, the, 7, 514
Wittelsbachs, the, family, 334; see Otto
Wolfratshausen, castle of, 340
Woodstock, council of (1163), 558
Worcester, see of, 511; town of, 582
Worcestershire, 518, 549, 580, 671
Worms, visited by Leo IX, 28; charter given
to, by Henry IV, 119 sq. , 132; its support
of Henry IV, 132; council of (1076), 62,
66 sq. , 73, 135, 138; diet at (1098), 148;
charter given to, by Henry V, 157; per-
secution of Jews by crusaders at, 277;
abortive negotiations between Conrad III
and Henry the Proud at, 347; 23, 68, 115,
135, 151, 159, 162, 348, 385, 387, 404,
409, 466, 468
Worms, Concordat of, 107 sqq. , 154, 162
sqq. , 341 sqq. , 360, 365, 392 sqq. , 414
Wulfhild, daughter of duke Magnus, marries
Henry the Black, 152 sqq. ; mother of
Henry the Proud, 337
Wurms, Nikolaus, German lawyer, 754
Würzburg, expulsion of bishop Adalbero
from, 120; captured by Welf IV, 144;
diet of (1121), restores peace in Germany,
107, 162 sqq. ; synod at, decides for Inno-
cent II, 342; marriage of Frederick I and
Beatrix at, 390; trial of Henry the Lion
at, 405; diet at (1176), 474 sqq. ; bishops
of, their ducal rights in Franconia, 118,
160; 140, 150, 161, 338, 346, 349, 384,
389, 394, 397, 467
Wye, river, 525
Wysoka, battle at, 352
Zahir, Fātimite Caliph, 255 sqq. ; treaty with
Constantine VIII, 256
Zähringen, family of, influence opposed to
Hohenstaufen, 163; Conrad III and, 357;
Frederick I and, 384, 390; 388 sq. , 469 ;
see also Berthold, Conrad
Zandiq, Turkish leader, 261; devastates
Muslim Syria, 261; 262
Zangi, 'Imád-ad-Din, emir of Mosul, 264;
reunites Musulmans against Christians,
306 sq. ; captures Edessa, 307, 373; death
of, 307
Zealand, Eric of Denmark takes refuge in,
344; given to Canute, 386
Zeno of Citium, 781
Zonaras, John, commentator on Greek canon
law, 708, 720
Zosimus, Pope, and child lectors, 768
Zurich, enfeoffed to Berthold II of Zährin-
gen, 148
Zwifalten, monastery of, attacked by Henry
the Proud, 338
Zwolle, 694
CAMBRIDGE: PRINTED BY W. LEWIS, M. A. , AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS


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-


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Map 48
Germany
under Frederick Barbarossa,
c. 1190


## p. (#1056) ###############################################


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