200, and
apparently
one of
$ 5.
$ 5.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - b
273 (#289) ############################################
GLAUCIAS.
273
GLAUCIPPUS.
Cicero says (in Cal. ij. 6) that although Glaucia | sent secret orders to Glaucias to put both his cap-
was not included by the senate in their decree for tives to death, which instructions he immediately
the execution of Saturninus and his partisans, obeyed. (Diod. xix. 52, 105. ) (E. H. B. ]
Marius put him to death on his own authority. GLAU'CIAS (Tlavalas), a rhetorician of
(Cic. Brut. 62, pro C. Rabir. perd. 7, in Cat. i. 2, Athens, who appears to have lived in the first
Philipp. viii. 5, de Harusp. Resp. 24 ; Schol. Bob. century of our acra, but he is mentioned only by
in Milonian. p. 277, Orelli ; App. B. C. i. 28, 32 ; Plutarch (Sympos. i. 10, 3, ii. 2). (L. S. )
Val. Max. ix. 7 ; Plut. Mar. 27, 30 ; Vell. Pat. GLAUCIAS (raauklas), á Greek physician,
ii. 12; Flor. iii. 16. & 4. ) Cicero compares Glau- belonging to the sect of the Empírici (Galen, De
cia to the Athenian demagogue Hyperbolus (Brut. Meth. Med. ii. 7, vol. X. p. 142, Cominent. in
62), and says that he was the worst of men. He Hippocr. “ Epid. VI. " iii. 29, vol. xvii. pt. ii. p.
adinits, however, that he was eloquent, acute, and 94), who lived after Serapion of Alcxandria, and
witty. (de Or. ii. 61, 65. ) An anecdote related by before Heracleides of Tarentum, and therefore pro-
Cicero (pro Rub. Post. 6. & 14) conveys some notion bably in the third or second century B. C. (Celsus,
of Glaucia's manner. He used to tell the plebs, De Medic. i. Prac. p. 5. ) Galen mentions him as one
when a rogatio was read to them, to mind whether of the earliest commentators on the whole of the
the words “ dictator, consul, praetor, or magister works of Hippocrates (Comment, in Hippocr. “ De
equitum" occurred in the preamble. If so, the Humor. " i. 24, vol. xvi. p. 196), and he also wrote
rogatio was no concern of theirs : but if they heard an alphabetical glossary on the difficult words oc-
the words “and whosoever after this enactment," curring in the Hippocratic collection. (Erot. Gloss.
then to look sharp, for some new fetter of law was Hippocr. p. 16, ed. Franz. ) His commentaries on
going to be forged. Glaucia was the author of a Hippocrates are several times quoted and referred
law de Repetundis of which the fragments are col- to by Galen. (Comment. in Hippocr. “ De Hu-
lected by Orelli (Index Legum, p. 269), and he in- mor. " i. Praef. ii. 30, vol. xvi. , pp. 1, 324, 327 ;
troduced a change in the form of comperendinatio. Comment. in Hippocr. “ Epid. VI. " i. Praef. ii. 65,
(Cic. in Verr. i. 9. )
(W. B. D. ) vol. xvii. pt. i. pp. 794, 992. ) It is uncertain
GLAU'CIAS (Taavklas). 1. King of the Illy- whether he is the person quoted by Pliny. (H. N.
rians, or rather of the Taulantians, one of the Illy- xx. 99, xxi. 102, xxii. 47, xxiv. 91. ) Fabricius
rian tribes. He is first mentioned as bringing a says he was the master of Heracleides of Tarentum,
considerable force to the assistance of Cleitus, ano and Apollonius, but for this statement the writer
ther Illyrian prince, against Alexander the Great, Las not been able to find any authority. (Bill.
B. C. 335. They were, however, both defeated, Graec. vol. xiii. p. 171, ed. Vet. ) (W. A. G. )
and Cleitus forced to take refuge within the Tau- GLAU'CIAS (Tlavklas), a statuary of Aegina,
lantian territories, whither Alexander did not who made the bronze chariot and statue of Gelon,
pursue him, his attention being called elsewhere by the son of Deinomenes, afterwards tyrant of Syra-
the news of the revolt of Thebes. (Arrian, i. 5, cuse, in commemoration of his victory in the cha-
6. ) We next hear of Glaucias, nearly 20 years riot race at Olympia, OL. 73, B. C. 488. The fol-
later, as affording an asylum to the infant Pyrrhus, lowing bronze statues at Olympia were also by
when his father Acacides was driven out of Epeirus. Glaucias : Philon, whose victory was recorded in
(Plut. Pyrrh. 3; Justin. xvii. 3. ) By this measure the following epigram by Simonides, the son of
he gave offence to Cassander, who sought to gain Leoprepes,
possession of Epeirus for himself, and who in vain Πατρίς μέν Κορκύρα, Φίλων δ' όνομ', είμι δε
offered Glaucias 200 talents to give up the child. Γλαύκου
Not long after, the Macedonian king invaded his Yίος, και νίκη πυξ δύ' ολυμπιάδας:
territories, and defeated him in battle ; but though Glaucus of Carystus, the boxer, practising strokes
Glaucias bound himself by the treaty which ensued (okiauaxwv); and Theagenes of Thasos, who con-
to refrain from hostilities against the al'ies of Cas- quered Euthymus in boxing in Ol. 75, B. C. 480
sander, he still retained Pyrrhus at his court, and, (Paus. vi. 6. & 2). Glaucias therefore flourished
in B. c. 307, took the opportunity, after the death B. C. 488—480 (Paus. vi. 9. § 3, 10. § 1, 1).
of Alcetas, king of Epeirus, to invade that country & 3).
(P. S. )
with an army, and establish the young prince, GLAU'CIDES (riaukions), one of the chief
then 12 years old, upon the throne. (Diod. xix. men of Abydus when it was besieged by Philip V.
67 ; Plut. Pyrrh. 3; Justin. xvii. 3 ; Paus. i. 11. of Macedon, in B. C.
200, and apparently one of
$ 5. ) The territories of Glaucias bordered upon the fifty elders whom the people had bound by an
those of the Greek cities, Apollonia and Epi- oath to slay the women and children and to burn
damnus ; and this proximity involved him in the treasures of the city, as soon as the enemy
frequent hostilities with those states ; in 312 he should have got possession of the inner wall.
even made himself master of Epidamnus, by the Glaucides, however, with some others, shrunk from
assistance of the Corcyraeans. (Diod. xix. 70, 78. ) what they had undertaken, and sent the priests
The date of his death is not mentioned ; but it with suppliant wreaths to make a surrender of the
appears that he was still reigning in B. C. 302, town to Philip. (Polyb. xvi. 2934 ; Liv. xxxi.
when Pyrrhus repaired to his court, to be present 17. )
(E. E. )
at the marriage of one of his sons. (Plut. Pyrrh. 4. ) GLAUCIDES, a Greek statuary, one of those
2. An officer of cavalry in the service of Alex who made “athletas, et armatos, et venatores,
ander at the battle of Gaugamela (Arrian, iii. sacrificantesque ” (Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 8. 8. 19.
11. )
§ 34).
[P. S. ]
3. (Perhaps the same with the preceding). A GLAUÄCION, a painter of Corinth, and the
follower of Cassander, whom he entrusted with the teacher of Athenion (ATHENION, No. 1]. (Plin.
charge of Roxana and her son Alexander when he H. N. xxxv, 11. s. 40. § 29. ) (P. S. )
confined them as prisoners in the citadel of Am- GLAUCIPPUS (aúkitToS), a son of the
phipolis. After the peace of B. c. 311, Cassander | Athenian orator llyperides, is said by Plutarch
VOL. II.
T
## p. 274 (#290) ############################################
274
GLAUCON.
GLAUCUS.
3
Erecestides.
Bolon.
Critias.
Glaucon.
Callaeschrus.
Ariston = Perictione = lyrilampes.
Charmides.
(Vit. x. Orat. p. 848), who calls him a rhetor, to him one of the speakers in the republic. lle is
have written orations, one of which, viz. against also introduced as a speaker in Xenophon's Aleman
Phocion, is mentioned by Plutarch himself. (Phoc. rabilia (iii. 6). Suidas (s. v. Arátwv) calls him
4 ; comp. Athen. xiii. p. 590 ; Suid. s. v. rraúko- | Glaucus. (See also Diog. Laërt. ii. 4 ; Plut
hos ; Phot. Bil. Cod. 266. p. 495, ed. Bekker. ) de Frat. Amor. p. 484, e. ) In Plato's Parmenides
Whether he is the same as the rhetorician Glau. also, Glaucon is one of the speakers ; but a doubt
cippus, of whom a fragment is preserved by Seneca has been raised whether this is not a different
(Controv. iv. 25), or as the Glaucippus who wrote person, on the ground of an anachronism which
on the Sacra of the Athenians (Macrob. Sat. i. the passage contains. Considering, however, the
13), is uncertain.
(L. S. ) frequency of anachronisms in Plato, it seems most
GLAUCON (raatkwv), an Athenian mentioned probable that this Glaucon is his brother. _(Comp.
by Teles (ap. Stob. Floril. vol. ii. p. 82. ed Gaisf. ), Heindorf. ad Plat. Parmen. p. 126. ) There is,
who appears to have borne a distinguished part in perhaps, more doubt about the Glaucon who is one
the last struggle of the Athenians against Antigonus of the speakers in the Symposium (p. 172, c. ).
Gonatas, known by the name of the Chremonidean It is universally believed that this Glaucon is the
war, B. C. 263. After its termination he fled, Athenian philosopher mentioned by Diogenes La
together with Chremonides, to the court of Ptolemy ërtius, as the author of a book containing nine
Philadelphus, where he was received with great dialogues, entitled, Þeidúxos, Evpitions, 'Auúrtıyos,
honour, and rose to a high place in the king's con- Ευθίας, Λυσιτείδης, Αριστοφάνης, Κέφαλος, Αναξί-
fidence. Droysen (Ilellenisin. vol. ii. p. 206) suponuos, Mevébevos. Thirty-two other dialogues,
poses him to be the same Glaucon that is mentioned which were ascribed to him, are designated as spu-
by Pythermus (ap. Athen. ii
. p. 44) as a water- rious by Diogenes (ii. 124).
drinker, and who is there called one of the tyrants The following pedigree represents the relation-
of the Peiraeeus (ev Tois Tespais Tupavveúovou); ships above referred to :-
but this expression is understood by Thirlwall,
with more probability, to refer to the thirty tyrants
of B. C. 404. (Thirlwall's Greece, vol. viii. p. 92
Dropides.
not. )
[E. H. B. ]
GLAUCON (riaúkw), an Athenian, who,
together with his brother Glaucus, and Theo-
pompus, father of Macartatus, endeavoured by a
forged will to obtain possession of some property,
to the exclusion of Phylomache, who was next of
kin to the deceased. The forgery was detected,
but the attempt was renewed by them successfully Placo Glaucon. Adeimantus.
in another trial (Sadıxaola ; see Dict. of Ant. s. v. ),
[P. S. ]
which placed Theopompus in possession of the GLAUCO'NOME (TXavkuróun), one of the
property (Dem. C. Macart. pp. 1051, 1052). The daughters of Nereus. (Hes. Theog. 256 ; Apollod.
speech of Demosthenes προς Μακάρτατον Was i. 2. $ 7.
(LS. )
written to recover it for Eubulides, the son of GLAUCUS (r^aúkos). 1. A grandson of
Phylomache.
[E. E. ] Aeolus, son of Sisyphus and Merope, and father of
GLAUCON (rdaúkwv), grammarians. 1. An Bellerophontes. (Hom. Il. vi. 154; Apollod. i. 9.
eminent rhapsodist, or expositor of Homer, men $ 3; Paus. ii. 4. § 2. ) He lived at Potniae,
tioned by Plato, in conjunction with Metrodorus despised the power of Aphrodite, and did not
of Lampsacus, and Stesimbrotus of Thasos. (Ion. allow his mares to breed, that they might be the
p. 530, d. ; see the notes of Müller and Nitzsch. ) stronger for the horse race. According to others,
2. A writer on Homer, quoted by Aristotle. (Poët. he fed them with human flesh, for the purpose of
25: this is one of the passages which Ritter con- making them spirited and warlike. This excited
siders as the additions of a later writer: he believes the anger of Aphrodite or the gods in general, who
that Glaucon lived after Aristotle. ) 3.
GLAUCIAS.
273
GLAUCIPPUS.
Cicero says (in Cal. ij. 6) that although Glaucia | sent secret orders to Glaucias to put both his cap-
was not included by the senate in their decree for tives to death, which instructions he immediately
the execution of Saturninus and his partisans, obeyed. (Diod. xix. 52, 105. ) (E. H. B. ]
Marius put him to death on his own authority. GLAU'CIAS (Tlavalas), a rhetorician of
(Cic. Brut. 62, pro C. Rabir. perd. 7, in Cat. i. 2, Athens, who appears to have lived in the first
Philipp. viii. 5, de Harusp. Resp. 24 ; Schol. Bob. century of our acra, but he is mentioned only by
in Milonian. p. 277, Orelli ; App. B. C. i. 28, 32 ; Plutarch (Sympos. i. 10, 3, ii. 2). (L. S. )
Val. Max. ix. 7 ; Plut. Mar. 27, 30 ; Vell. Pat. GLAUCIAS (raauklas), á Greek physician,
ii. 12; Flor. iii. 16. & 4. ) Cicero compares Glau- belonging to the sect of the Empírici (Galen, De
cia to the Athenian demagogue Hyperbolus (Brut. Meth. Med. ii. 7, vol. X. p. 142, Cominent. in
62), and says that he was the worst of men. He Hippocr. “ Epid. VI. " iii. 29, vol. xvii. pt. ii. p.
adinits, however, that he was eloquent, acute, and 94), who lived after Serapion of Alcxandria, and
witty. (de Or. ii. 61, 65. ) An anecdote related by before Heracleides of Tarentum, and therefore pro-
Cicero (pro Rub. Post. 6. & 14) conveys some notion bably in the third or second century B. C. (Celsus,
of Glaucia's manner. He used to tell the plebs, De Medic. i. Prac. p. 5. ) Galen mentions him as one
when a rogatio was read to them, to mind whether of the earliest commentators on the whole of the
the words “ dictator, consul, praetor, or magister works of Hippocrates (Comment, in Hippocr. “ De
equitum" occurred in the preamble. If so, the Humor. " i. 24, vol. xvi. p. 196), and he also wrote
rogatio was no concern of theirs : but if they heard an alphabetical glossary on the difficult words oc-
the words “and whosoever after this enactment," curring in the Hippocratic collection. (Erot. Gloss.
then to look sharp, for some new fetter of law was Hippocr. p. 16, ed. Franz. ) His commentaries on
going to be forged. Glaucia was the author of a Hippocrates are several times quoted and referred
law de Repetundis of which the fragments are col- to by Galen. (Comment. in Hippocr. “ De Hu-
lected by Orelli (Index Legum, p. 269), and he in- mor. " i. Praef. ii. 30, vol. xvi. , pp. 1, 324, 327 ;
troduced a change in the form of comperendinatio. Comment. in Hippocr. “ Epid. VI. " i. Praef. ii. 65,
(Cic. in Verr. i. 9. )
(W. B. D. ) vol. xvii. pt. i. pp. 794, 992. ) It is uncertain
GLAU'CIAS (Taavklas). 1. King of the Illy- whether he is the person quoted by Pliny. (H. N.
rians, or rather of the Taulantians, one of the Illy- xx. 99, xxi. 102, xxii. 47, xxiv. 91. ) Fabricius
rian tribes. He is first mentioned as bringing a says he was the master of Heracleides of Tarentum,
considerable force to the assistance of Cleitus, ano and Apollonius, but for this statement the writer
ther Illyrian prince, against Alexander the Great, Las not been able to find any authority. (Bill.
B. C. 335. They were, however, both defeated, Graec. vol. xiii. p. 171, ed. Vet. ) (W. A. G. )
and Cleitus forced to take refuge within the Tau- GLAU'CIAS (Tlavklas), a statuary of Aegina,
lantian territories, whither Alexander did not who made the bronze chariot and statue of Gelon,
pursue him, his attention being called elsewhere by the son of Deinomenes, afterwards tyrant of Syra-
the news of the revolt of Thebes. (Arrian, i. 5, cuse, in commemoration of his victory in the cha-
6. ) We next hear of Glaucias, nearly 20 years riot race at Olympia, OL. 73, B. C. 488. The fol-
later, as affording an asylum to the infant Pyrrhus, lowing bronze statues at Olympia were also by
when his father Acacides was driven out of Epeirus. Glaucias : Philon, whose victory was recorded in
(Plut. Pyrrh. 3; Justin. xvii. 3. ) By this measure the following epigram by Simonides, the son of
he gave offence to Cassander, who sought to gain Leoprepes,
possession of Epeirus for himself, and who in vain Πατρίς μέν Κορκύρα, Φίλων δ' όνομ', είμι δε
offered Glaucias 200 talents to give up the child. Γλαύκου
Not long after, the Macedonian king invaded his Yίος, και νίκη πυξ δύ' ολυμπιάδας:
territories, and defeated him in battle ; but though Glaucus of Carystus, the boxer, practising strokes
Glaucias bound himself by the treaty which ensued (okiauaxwv); and Theagenes of Thasos, who con-
to refrain from hostilities against the al'ies of Cas- quered Euthymus in boxing in Ol. 75, B. C. 480
sander, he still retained Pyrrhus at his court, and, (Paus. vi. 6. & 2). Glaucias therefore flourished
in B. c. 307, took the opportunity, after the death B. C. 488—480 (Paus. vi. 9. § 3, 10. § 1, 1).
of Alcetas, king of Epeirus, to invade that country & 3).
(P. S. )
with an army, and establish the young prince, GLAU'CIDES (riaukions), one of the chief
then 12 years old, upon the throne. (Diod. xix. men of Abydus when it was besieged by Philip V.
67 ; Plut. Pyrrh. 3; Justin. xvii. 3 ; Paus. i. 11. of Macedon, in B. C.
200, and apparently one of
$ 5. ) The territories of Glaucias bordered upon the fifty elders whom the people had bound by an
those of the Greek cities, Apollonia and Epi- oath to slay the women and children and to burn
damnus ; and this proximity involved him in the treasures of the city, as soon as the enemy
frequent hostilities with those states ; in 312 he should have got possession of the inner wall.
even made himself master of Epidamnus, by the Glaucides, however, with some others, shrunk from
assistance of the Corcyraeans. (Diod. xix. 70, 78. ) what they had undertaken, and sent the priests
The date of his death is not mentioned ; but it with suppliant wreaths to make a surrender of the
appears that he was still reigning in B. C. 302, town to Philip. (Polyb. xvi. 2934 ; Liv. xxxi.
when Pyrrhus repaired to his court, to be present 17. )
(E. E. )
at the marriage of one of his sons. (Plut. Pyrrh. 4. ) GLAUCIDES, a Greek statuary, one of those
2. An officer of cavalry in the service of Alex who made “athletas, et armatos, et venatores,
ander at the battle of Gaugamela (Arrian, iii. sacrificantesque ” (Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 8. 8. 19.
11. )
§ 34).
[P. S. ]
3. (Perhaps the same with the preceding). A GLAUÄCION, a painter of Corinth, and the
follower of Cassander, whom he entrusted with the teacher of Athenion (ATHENION, No. 1]. (Plin.
charge of Roxana and her son Alexander when he H. N. xxxv, 11. s. 40. § 29. ) (P. S. )
confined them as prisoners in the citadel of Am- GLAUCIPPUS (aúkitToS), a son of the
phipolis. After the peace of B. c. 311, Cassander | Athenian orator llyperides, is said by Plutarch
VOL. II.
T
## p. 274 (#290) ############################################
274
GLAUCON.
GLAUCUS.
3
Erecestides.
Bolon.
Critias.
Glaucon.
Callaeschrus.
Ariston = Perictione = lyrilampes.
Charmides.
(Vit. x. Orat. p. 848), who calls him a rhetor, to him one of the speakers in the republic. lle is
have written orations, one of which, viz. against also introduced as a speaker in Xenophon's Aleman
Phocion, is mentioned by Plutarch himself. (Phoc. rabilia (iii. 6). Suidas (s. v. Arátwv) calls him
4 ; comp. Athen. xiii. p. 590 ; Suid. s. v. rraúko- | Glaucus. (See also Diog. Laërt. ii. 4 ; Plut
hos ; Phot. Bil. Cod. 266. p. 495, ed. Bekker. ) de Frat. Amor. p. 484, e. ) In Plato's Parmenides
Whether he is the same as the rhetorician Glau. also, Glaucon is one of the speakers ; but a doubt
cippus, of whom a fragment is preserved by Seneca has been raised whether this is not a different
(Controv. iv. 25), or as the Glaucippus who wrote person, on the ground of an anachronism which
on the Sacra of the Athenians (Macrob. Sat. i. the passage contains. Considering, however, the
13), is uncertain.
(L. S. ) frequency of anachronisms in Plato, it seems most
GLAUCON (raatkwv), an Athenian mentioned probable that this Glaucon is his brother. _(Comp.
by Teles (ap. Stob. Floril. vol. ii. p. 82. ed Gaisf. ), Heindorf. ad Plat. Parmen. p. 126. ) There is,
who appears to have borne a distinguished part in perhaps, more doubt about the Glaucon who is one
the last struggle of the Athenians against Antigonus of the speakers in the Symposium (p. 172, c. ).
Gonatas, known by the name of the Chremonidean It is universally believed that this Glaucon is the
war, B. C. 263. After its termination he fled, Athenian philosopher mentioned by Diogenes La
together with Chremonides, to the court of Ptolemy ërtius, as the author of a book containing nine
Philadelphus, where he was received with great dialogues, entitled, Þeidúxos, Evpitions, 'Auúrtıyos,
honour, and rose to a high place in the king's con- Ευθίας, Λυσιτείδης, Αριστοφάνης, Κέφαλος, Αναξί-
fidence. Droysen (Ilellenisin. vol. ii. p. 206) suponuos, Mevébevos. Thirty-two other dialogues,
poses him to be the same Glaucon that is mentioned which were ascribed to him, are designated as spu-
by Pythermus (ap. Athen. ii
. p. 44) as a water- rious by Diogenes (ii. 124).
drinker, and who is there called one of the tyrants The following pedigree represents the relation-
of the Peiraeeus (ev Tois Tespais Tupavveúovou); ships above referred to :-
but this expression is understood by Thirlwall,
with more probability, to refer to the thirty tyrants
of B. C. 404. (Thirlwall's Greece, vol. viii. p. 92
Dropides.
not. )
[E. H. B. ]
GLAUCON (riaúkw), an Athenian, who,
together with his brother Glaucus, and Theo-
pompus, father of Macartatus, endeavoured by a
forged will to obtain possession of some property,
to the exclusion of Phylomache, who was next of
kin to the deceased. The forgery was detected,
but the attempt was renewed by them successfully Placo Glaucon. Adeimantus.
in another trial (Sadıxaola ; see Dict. of Ant. s. v. ),
[P. S. ]
which placed Theopompus in possession of the GLAUCO'NOME (TXavkuróun), one of the
property (Dem. C. Macart. pp. 1051, 1052). The daughters of Nereus. (Hes. Theog. 256 ; Apollod.
speech of Demosthenes προς Μακάρτατον Was i. 2. $ 7.
(LS. )
written to recover it for Eubulides, the son of GLAUCUS (r^aúkos). 1. A grandson of
Phylomache.
[E. E. ] Aeolus, son of Sisyphus and Merope, and father of
GLAUCON (rdaúkwv), grammarians. 1. An Bellerophontes. (Hom. Il. vi. 154; Apollod. i. 9.
eminent rhapsodist, or expositor of Homer, men $ 3; Paus. ii. 4. § 2. ) He lived at Potniae,
tioned by Plato, in conjunction with Metrodorus despised the power of Aphrodite, and did not
of Lampsacus, and Stesimbrotus of Thasos. (Ion. allow his mares to breed, that they might be the
p. 530, d. ; see the notes of Müller and Nitzsch. ) stronger for the horse race. According to others,
2. A writer on Homer, quoted by Aristotle. (Poët. he fed them with human flesh, for the purpose of
25: this is one of the passages which Ritter con- making them spirited and warlike. This excited
siders as the additions of a later writer: he believes the anger of Aphrodite or the gods in general, who
that Glaucon lived after Aristotle. ) 3.
