No More Learning

He was directed to nominate
cum, and by a detachment under Q. Naevius a dictator, to preside at the elections. But on this
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LAEVINUS.
711
LAEVIUS.
point Laevinds and the senate were at variance ; | the Ambraciots and the Aetolian league generally.
and this is probably the cause why, notwithstand- Fulvius allowed of his mediation, granted the Am-
ing his long services, his name does not appear on braciots and Aetolians unusually favourable terms,
the triumphal Fasti. Laevinus, indeed, did not and sent him with their envoys to Rome, to dispose
refuse to nominate a dictator, but, that he might the senate and the people to ratify the peace. In
protract his own term of office, insisted upon B. c. 179. Laerinus was one of the four praetors
making the nomination after his return to Sicily. appointed under the Lex Baebia (Liv. xl. 44 ; Fest.
This, however, was contrary to usage, which re- 8. o. Rogat. ; comp. Meyer. Or. Rom. Fragm. p.
quired the nomination to be made within the limits 62), and obtained Sardinia for his province. In
of Italy. A tribune of the plebs, therefore, brought B. C. 176 Cn. Cornelius Scipio Hispallus died sud.
in a bill, with the concurrence of the senate, to denly, in his year of office, and Laevinus was ap-
compel Laevinus's obedience to its orders. But he pointed consul in his room. Eager for military
left Rome abruptly, and the nomination was at distinction, Laevinus left Rome only three day's
length made by his colleague Marcellus. Laevinus after his election, to take the command of the Li-
continued in Sicily as pro-consul throughout B. c. gurian war. He triumphed over the Ligurians in
209. His army consisted of the remains of Varro's B. c. 175. In B. c. 174 he was sent, with four
and Cn. Fulvius Flaccus's legions, which, for their other commissioners, to Delphi, to adjust some new
respective defeats by Hannibal at Cannae in B. c. dissensions among the Aetolians. In B. c. 173 the
216, and at Herdonea in 212, were sentenced to senate despatched him to the Macedonian court, to
remain abroad while the war lasted. To these he watch the movements of Perseus ; and he was
added a numerous force of Sicilians and Numidi- instructed to go round by Alexandreia, to renew
ans, and a fleet of seventy gallies. His government the alliance of Rome with Ptolemy VI. Philometor.
was vigilant and prosperous ; the island was ex- He returned from Greece in B. c. 172. In B. C.
empt from invasion, and, by the revival of its 169 Laevinus was one of several unsuccessful can-
agriculture, he was enabled to form magazines at didates for the censorship. (Polyb. xxii. 12. g 10,
Catana, and to supply Rome with corn. In B. C. 14. § 2 ; Liv. xxxviii. 9, 10, xl. 44, xli. 25, xlii.
208 Laevinus, still pro-consul, crossed over with a 6, 17, xliii. 14. )
hundred gallies to Africa, ravaged the neighbour- 4. P. VALERIUS LAEVINUS, son of the pre-
hood of Clupea, and, after repulsing a Punic fleet, ceding, was one of the praetors in B. c. 177, and
returned with his booty to Lilybaeum. In the obtained for his province a part of Cisalpine Gaul.
following year he repeated the expedition with (Liv. xxxi. 50, xli. 8. )
(W. B. D. ]
equal success. His foragers swept round the walls LAEVIUS. That' a poet bearing this appella
of Utica, and he again defeated a squadron sent to tion ought to be included in a list of the more ob-
cut off his retreat. In 206 he conducted the ar- scure Roman writers is generally admitted, but
mament back to Italy, and on the arrival of Mago wherever the name appears in the received text of
in Liguria in the following year was stationed with an ancient author it will invariably be found that
the two city legions at Arretium in Etruria. Soon some of the MSS. exhibit either Livius, or Laelius,
afterwards he was sent, with four other commis- or Naevius, or Novius, or Pacuvius, or several of
sioners, to Delphi, and to the court of Attalus I. at these, or similar variations. On the other hand, a
Pergamus, to fetch the Idaean mother to Italy. considerable number of fragments quoted by gram-
[Falto, VALERJUS, No. 3. 1 In 204 he moved in marians from Ennius, Livius (Andronicus), Nae-
the senate the repayment of the voluntary loan to vius, and the earlier bards, must, as internal
the treasury made in his consulate six years before. evidence clearly proves, belong to a later epoch ;
In 203, in the debate on the terms to be granted and many of them, it has been supposed, are in
to Carthage, Laevinus moved that the envoys be reality the property of Laevius ; but every circum-
dismissed unheard, and the war be prosecuted. stance relating to his works and the age when he
His counsel was followed ; and it marks Laevinus flourished is involved in such thick darkness that
as belonging to the section of the aristocracy of Vossius (De Poet. Lat. c. viii. ) declared himself
which the Scipios were the leaders. At the com- unable to establish any fact connected with his
mencement of the first Macedonian war in 201— history except that he lived before the reign of
200, Laevinus was once more sent as propraetor, Charlemagne ; while one or two scholars have called
with a fleet and army, to Northern Greece, and his his very existence in question. There are in all
report of Philip's preparations gave a new impulse perhaps only four passages in the classics from
to the exertions of the republic. He died in B. c. which we can be justified in drawing any con-
200, and his sons Publius and Marcus honoured clusion. Two are in Aulus Gellius (ii. 24, xix. 9,
his memory with funerai games and gladiatorial comp. 7), one in Apuleius (Apolog. p. 294, ed.
combats, exhibited during four successive days in Elmenhorst), and one in Ausonius (Parecbas. Cent.
the forum. (Polyb. vii. 3. $ 6, ix. 27. 2, xxii. Nupt. praef. ) From these we may infer, with
12. $ 11; Liv. xxii. 24, 30, 32, 33, 34, 37, 38, tolerable security, that Laevius flourished during
48, xxiv. 10, 11, 20, 40, 44, Ixv. 3, xxvi. 1, 22, the first half of the century before the Christian
24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 36, 40, xxvii
. 5, 7, 9, era, being the contemporary of Hortensius, Mem-
22, 29, xxviii. 4, 10, 46, xxix. 11, 16, xxx. 23, mius, Cinna, Catullus, Lucretius, and Cicero ; and
xxxi, 3, 5, 50 ; Flor. ii
. 7 ; Just. xxix. 4; Eutrop. that he was the author of a collection of lyrical
iii. 12; Claud. de Bel. Get. 395. )
pieces of a light amatory stamp, styled Eroto-
3. C. VALERIUS LAEVINUS, son of the pre- paegnia, which were pronounced by critics to be
ceding, was by the mother's side brother of M. deficient in simplicity (implicata), and in no way
Fulvius Nobilior, consul in B. C. 189. Laevinus comparable to the easy flowing graces (fluentes
accompanied his brother to the siege of Ambracia carminum deliciae) of the Teian Muse.
in that year, and the Aetolians, with whom he in- A fragment extending to six lines has been pre-
herited from his father ties of friendship, chose served by Apuleius (l. c. ), another of two lines hy
him for their patron with the consul in behalf of Gellius ll. c. ), and many which may possibly be-


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712
LAIPPUS.
LAISET
name.
No. 8. )
long to the same or different works have been LAIS (Aals), a name borne by more than one
brought together by Weichert, whose assumptions Grecian Hetaera Two were celebrated ; but, as
are, however, in some instances, in the highest de- the ancient writers in their accounts and anecdotes
gree arbitrary and fanciful. (Weichert, Poetarum respecting them seldom indicate which they refer
Latinorum Reliquiae, 8vo. Lips. 1830; Wüllner, to, and where they do draw the distinction, fre-
De Laevio Pacta, 4to. Rocklingh. 1830. ) [W. R. ) quently speak of the one, while what they say of
LAEVUS, CI'SPIUS, a friend and legatus of her is manifestly applicable only to the other, it is
L. Munatius Plancus, and the bearer of confidential difficult, and sometimes impossible, to decide how
letters from him while praefect of Transalpine to apportion the numerous notices respecting them
Gaul, in B. C. 44, to Cicero at Rome. (Cic. ad which have come down to us. Jacobs, who has
Fam. x. 18, 21. ) From Livy (v. 35, xxxiii. 37) bestowed some attention on this subject distin-
Laevus appears to have been originally a Liguriav guishes the two following:
[W. B. D. ) 1. The elder Lais, a natire probably of Corinth.
T. LAFRE'NIUS, the name of one of the lenders Athenacus (xiii. p. 588) says that she was born at
of the allies in the Marsic war, B. c. 90. He is Hyccara, in Sicily, but he has probably confounded
called by other writers Afranius. [AFRANIUS, her with her younger namesake, the daughter of
Timandra (Athen. xii. p. 535, c. xiii. p. 574, e. );
LA GIUS (nários), belonged to the Roman for 'Timandra, as we know from Plutarch (Alcib.
party among the Achneans, and was one of those 39), was a native of Ilyccara.
The elder Lais
whom Metellus sent to Diacus to offer peace, in lived in the time of the Peloponnesian war, and
B. C. 146. For this, Dineus threw him and his was celebrated as the most beautiful woman of her
colleagues into prison ; but he afterwards released age. Her figure was especially admired. (Athen.
them for a sum of money, especially as the people xiii. p. 587, d. 588, e. ) She was notorious also for
of Corinth were sufficiently exasperated already by her avarice and caprice. (Athen. xiii. p. 570, c. 588,
the cruel execution of Sosicrates, the lieutenant- c. 585, d. ) Amongst her numerous lovers she num-
general. (Pol. xl. 4, 5. )
(E. E. ) bered the philosopher Aristippus. (Athen. xii. 544,
LAGUS (Máyos). 1. The father, or reputed xiii. 588), two of whose works were entitled Upòs
father, of Ptolemy, the founder of the Egyptian Saíða, and Upds Aaíða Tepi ToŮ KATóttpov. (Diog.
monarchy. He married Arsinoë, a concubine of Laërt. ii. 84). She fell in love with and offered
Philip of Macedon, who was said to have been her hand to Eubotas, of Cyrene (EUBOTAS), who,
pregnant at the time of their marriage, on which after his victory at Olympia, fulfilled his promise
account the Macedonians generally looked upon of taking her with him to Cyrene, in word only-
Ptolemy as in reality the son of Philip. (Paus. i. he took with him her portrait. (Aelian, V. H. x. 2;
6. & 2; Curt. ix. 8; Suidas. 8. v. Aáyos. ) From Clemens Aler. Strom. iii. p. 447, c. ) In her old
an anecdote recorded by Plutarch (De cohib. Ira, age she became addicted to drinking. Of her
9, p. 458), it is clear that Lagus was a man of ob death various stories were told. (Athen. xiii. p.
scure birth ; hence, when Theocritus (Idyll. xvii. 570, b. d. 587, e. ; Phot. cod. cxc. p. 146, 23, ed.
26) calls Ptolemy a descendant of Hercules, he Bekker. ) She died at Corinth, where a monument
probably means to represent him as the son of (a lioness tearing a ram) was erected to her, in the
Philip. Lagus appears to have subsequently mar- cypress grove called the Kpávelov. (Paus. ii. 2. 8 4;
ried Antigone, niece of Antipater, by whom he Athen. xiii. p. 589, c. ) Numerous anecdotes of
became the father of Berenice, afterwards the wife her were current, but they are not worth relating
of her step-brother Ptolemy. (Schol. ad Theocr. here. (Athen. xiii. p. 582 ; Auson. Erig. 17. )
Id. xvii. 34, 61. )
Lais presenting her looking-glass to Aphrodite was
2. A son of Ptolemy I. by the celebrated a frequent subject of epigrams. (Brunck. Anal. i.
Athenian courtezan Thaïs. (Athen. xiii. p. 576, p. 170, 7, ii. p. 494, 5 ; Anthol. Pal. vi. 1, 19. )
e. )
[E. H. B. ] Her fame was still fresh at Corinth in the time
LAGON, a beautiful youth beloved by Brutus. of Pausanias (ii. 2. & 5), and oỦ Kópıvôos odte
He was a frequent subject of artistic representa- Aals became a proverb. (Athen. iv. p. 137, d. )
tion. (Mart. ix, 51, xiv. 171; Plin. H. N. 2. The younger Lais was the daughter of
xxxiv. 8. )
(C. P. M. ] Timandra (see above), who is sportively called
LA'GORAS (Aayópas), a Cretan soldier of for- Damasandra in Athenaeus (xiii. p. 574, e. ). Lais
tune, who, when in the service of Ptolemy IV. was probably born at Hyccara in Sicily. Accord-
(Philopator), was sent by Nicolaus, Ptolemy's ing to some accounts she was brought to Corinth
general, to occupy the passes of Mount Libanus at when seven years old, having been taken prisoner
Berytus, and to check there the advance of An- in the Athenian expedition to Sicily, and bought
tiochus the Great, who was marching upon Ptole by a Corinthian. (Plut. I. c. ; Paus. ii. 2. & 5;
maïs, B. c. 219. He was, however, defeated and Schol. ad Aristoph. Plut. 179 ; Athen. xiii. p. 589. )
dislodged from his position by the Syrian king. This story however, which involves numerous
In B. C. 215, in the war of Antiochus against difficulties, is rejected by Jacobs, who attributes it
Achaeus, we find Lagoras in the service of the to a confusion between this Lais and the elder one
former ; and it was through his discovery of an
of the same name. The story of Apelles having
unguarded part of the wall of Sardis, that Antiochus induced her to enter upon the life of a courtezan
was enabled to take the city, Lagoras being him- must have reference to the younger Lais. (Athen.
self one of the select party who forced their way xiii. p. 588. ) She was a contemporary and rival
into the town over the portion of the wall in ques- of Phryne. (Athen. p. 588, e. ) She became
tion. (Pol. v. 61, vii. 15-18. ) [E. E. ) enamoured of a Thessalian named Hippolochus,
LAIAS (Matas), a son of Oxylus and Pieria, or Hippostratus, and accompanied him to Thessaly.
king of Elis. (Paus. v. 4. & 2, &c ; comp. AETO- Here, it is said, some Thessalian women, jealous
LUS, No. 2. )
of her beauty, enticed her into a temple of Aphro-
LAIPPUS. [DAIPPUS. ]
dite, and there stoned her to death. (Paus. ii. 2
(L. S. )


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LAMACHUS.
LAMIA
713
:
85; Plut. vol'ü. p. 767, e. ; 'Athen. xii.