Christian the tailor and his wife came down the covered stairs
of the church-hill in superior bliss.
of the church-hill in superior bliss.
Warner - World's Best Literature - v02 - Aqu to Bag
"
In 1826 he sailed for Europe to exhibit his newly collected treas-
ures to foreign ornithologists. He succeeded in obtaining pecuniary
aid in publishing the work, and plates were made in England. The
book was published in New York in four volumes (elephant folio) in
1830-39. The birds are life-size. The American Ornithological
Biography,' which is the text for the plates, was published in Edin-
burgh, 1831-39, in five octavo volumes. Accompanied by his two
sons he started on new excursions, which resulted in The Quad-
rupeds of America,' with a 'Biography of American Quadrupeds,'
both published at Philadelphia, beginning in 1840. During that year
he built a house for himself in the upper part of New York, in what
is now called Audubon Park, and died there January 27th, 1851.
Audubon's descriptive text is not unworthy of his plates: his
works are far from being mere tenders to picture-books. He is full
of enthusiasm, his descriptions of birds and animals are vivid and
realizing, and his adventures are told with much spirit and consider-
able literary skill, though some carelessness of syntax.
A DANGEROUS ADVENTURE
From The American Ornithological Biography>
ON
MY return from the Upper Mississippi, I found myself
obliged to cross one of the wide prairies which, in that
portion of the United States, vary the appearance of the
country. The weather was fine, all around me was as fresh and
blooming as if it had just issued from the bosom of nature. My
knapsack, my gun, and my dog, were all I had for baggage and
company. But although well moccasined, I moved slowly along,
attracted by the brilliancy of the flowers, and the gambols of
the fawns around their dams, to all appearance as thoughtless
of danger as I felt myself.
My march was of long duration; I saw the sun sinking
beneath the horizon long before I could perceive any appearance
of woodland, and nothing in the shape of man had I met with
that day.
The track which I followed was only an old Indian
## p. 958 (#384) ############################################
958
JOHN JAMES AUDUBON
trace; and, as darkness overshadowed the prairie, I felt some
desire to reach at least a copse, in which I might lie down to
rest. The night-hawks were skimming over and around me,
attracted by the buzzing wings of the beetles which formed
their food, and the distant howling of wolves gave me some
hope that I should soon arrive at the skirts of some woodland.
I did so, and almost at the same instant a fire-light attracting
my eye, I moved toward it, full of confidence that it proceeded
from the camp of some wandering Indians. I was mistaken. I
discovered by its glare that it was from the hearth of a small
log cabin, and that a tall figure passed and repassed between it
and me, as if busily engaged in household arrangements.
I reached the spot, and presenting myself at the door, asked
the tall figure, which proved to be a woman, if I might take
shelter under her roof for the night. Her voice was gruff, and
her attire negligently thrown about her. She answered in the
affirmative. I walked in, took a wooden stool, and quietly seated
myself by the fire. The next object that attracted my notice
was a finely formed young Indian, resting his head between his
hands, with his elbows on his knees. A long bow rested against
the log wall near him, while a quantity of arrows and two or
three raccoon skins lay at his feet. He moved not; he appar-
ently breathed not. Accustomed to the habits of the Indians,
and knowing that they pay little attention to the approach of
civilized strangers (a circumstance which in some countries is
considered as evincing the apathy of their character), I addressed
him in French, a language not unfrequently partially known to
the people in that neighborhood. He raised his head, pointed to
one of his eyes with his finger, and gave me a significant glance
with the other. His face was covered with blood. The fact
was, that an hour before this, as he was in the act of discharg-
ing an arrow at a raccoon in the top of a tree, the arrow had
split upon the cord, and sprung back with such violence into his
right eye as to destroy it forever.
Feeling hungry, I inquired what sort of fare I might expect.
Such a thing as a bed was not to be seen, but many large
untanned bear and buffalo hides lay piled in a corner. I drew
a fine timepiece from my breast, and told the woman that it
was late, and that I was fatigued. She had espied my watch,
the richness of which seemed to operate upon her feelings with
electric quickness. She told me that there was plenty of venison
## p. 959 (#385) ############################################
JOHN JAMES AUDUBON
959
and jerked buffalo meat, and that on removing the ashes I
should find a cake. But my watch had struck her fancy, and
her curiosity had to be gratified by an immediate sight of it. I
took off the gold chain that secured it, from around my neck,
and presented it to her. She was all ecstasy, spoke of its
beauty, asked me its value, and put the chain round her brawny
neck, saying how happy the possession of such a watch should
make her. Thoughtless, and as I fancied myself, in so retired.
a spot, secure, I paid little attention to her talk or her move-
ments. I helped my dog to a good supper of venison, and was
not long in satisfying the demands of my own appetite.
The Indian rose from his seat, as if in extreme suffering.
He passed me and repassed me several times, and once pinched
me on the side so violently that the pain nearly brought forth
an exclamation of anger. I looked at him. His eye met mine;
but his look was so forbidding that it struck a chill into the more
nervous part of my system. He again seated himself, drew his
butcher-knife from its greasy scabbard, examined its edge, as I
would do that of a razor suspected dull, replaced it, and again
taking his tomahawk from his back, filled the pipe of it with
tobacco, and sent me expressive glances whenever our hostess
chanced to have her back towards us.
Never until that moment had my senses been awakened to the
danger which I now suspected to be about me.
I returned glance
for glance to my companion, and rested well assured that what-
ever enemies I might have, he was not of their number.
I asked the woman for my watch, wound it up, and under
pretense of wishing to see how the weather might probably be
on the morrow, took up my gun, and walked out of the cabin.
I slipped a ball into each barrel, scraped the edges of my flints,
renewed the primings, and returning to the hut, gave a favorable
account of my observations. I took a few bear-skins, made a
pallet of them, and calling my faithful dog to my side, lay down,
with my gun close to my body, and in a few minutes was to all
appearance fast asleep.
A short time had elapsed, when some voices were heard; and
from the corner of my eyes I saw two athletic youths making
their entrance, bearing a dead stag on a pole.
pole. They disposed of
their burden, and asking for whisky, helped themselves freely to
it. Observing me and the wounded Indian, they asked who I
was, and why the devil that rascal (meaning the Indian, who,
## p. 960 (#386) ############################################
960
JOHN JAMES AUDUBON
they knew, understood not a word of English) was in the house.
The mother-for so she proved to be-bade them speak less
loudly, made mention of my watch, and took them to a corner,
where a conversation took place, the purport of which it required
little shrewdness in me to guess. I tapped my dog gently. He
moved his tail, and with indescribable pleasure I saw his fine
eyes alternately fixed on me and raised toward the trio in the
corner. I felt that he perceived danger in my situation. The
Indian exchanged a last glance with me.
The lads had eaten and drunk themselves into such condition
that I already looked upon them as hors de combat; and the fre-
quent visits of the whisky bottle to the ugly mouth of their dam
I hoped would soon reduce her to a like state. Judge of my
astonishment, reader, when I saw this incarnate fiend take a
large carving-knife and go to the grindstone to whet its edge. I
saw her pour the water on the turning machine, and watched
her working away with the dangerous instrument, until the cold
sweat covered every part of my body, in spite of my determina-
tion to defend myself to the last. Her task finished, she walked
to her reeling sons, and said, "There, that'll soon settle him!
Boys, kill yon - and then for the watch. "
"
I turned, cocked my gunlocks silently, touched my faithful
companion, and lay ready to start up and shoot the first one who
might attempt my life. The moment was fast approaching, and
that night might have been my last in the world, had not Provi-
dence made preparations for my rescue. All was ready. The
infernal hag was advancing slowly, probably contemplating the
best way of dispatching me, while her sons should be engaged
with the Indian. I was several times on the point of rising and
shooting her on the spot; - but she was not to be punished thus.
The door was suddenly opened, and there entered two stout
travelers, each with a long rifle on his shoulder. I bounced up
on my feet, and making them most heartily welcome, told them
how well it was for me that they should have arrived at that
moment. The tale was told in a minute. The drunken sons
were secured, and the woman, in spite of her defense and vocif-
erations, shared the same fate. The Indian fairly danced with joy,
and gave us to understand that as he could not sleep for pain,
he would watch over us. You may suppose we slept much less
than we talked. The two strangers gave me an account of their
once having been themselves in a somewhat similar situation.
## p. 961 (#387) ############################################
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
961
Day came, fair and rosy, and with it the punishment of our
captives. They were now quite sobered. Their feet were un-
bound, but their arms were still securely tied. We marched them
into the woods off the road, and having used them as Regula-
tors were wont to use such delinquents, we set fire to the cabin,
gave all the skins and implements to the young Indian warrior,
and proceeded, well pleased, towards the settlements.
During upward of twenty-five years, when my wanderings
extended to all parts of our country, this was the only time at
which my life was in danger from my fellow-creatures. Indeed,
so little risk do travelers run in the United States, that no one
born there ever dreams of any to be encountered on the road,
and I can only account for this occurrence by supposing that the
inhabitants of the cabin were not Americans.
Will you believe, good-natured reader, that not many miles
from the place where this adventure happened, and where fifteen
years ago, no habitation belonging to civilized man was expected,
and very few ever seen, large roads are now laid out, cultivation
has converted the woods into fertile fields, taverns have been
erected, and much of what we Americans call comfort is to be
met with! So fast does improvement proceed in our abundant
and free country.
NO
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
(1812-1882)
HE author of 'Black Forest Village Stories' and 'On the
Heights' stands out in honorable individuality among mod-
ern German novelists, even if the latest fashions in fiction
make his work already a little antiquated. Auerbach's biography is
one of industry rather than of incident. His birth was humble. His
life was long. He wrote voluminously and was widely popular, to
be half forgotten within a decade after his death. He may perhaps
be reckoned the founder of a contemporary German school of tendenz
novel writers; a school now so much diminished that Spielhagen —
who, however, wears Auerbach's mantle with a difference is its
only survivor.
Of Jewish parentage, his birthplace being Nordstetten, Würtem-
berg (1812), Auerbach drifted from preparation for the synagogue
11-61
## p. 962 (#388) ############################################
962
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
toward law, philosophy, and literature. The study of Spinoza (whose
works he translated) gave form to his convictions concerning human
life. It led him to spend his literary talents on materials so various
as the homely simplicity of peasant scenes and peasant souls, on the
one hand, and on the other the popularization of a high social and
ethical philosophy, specially inculcated through his larger fictions.
His college education was obtained at Tübingen, Munich, and Heidel-
berg.
Necessity rather than ambition prompted him to write, and he
wrote as long as he lived. A partial list of his works begins with a
pseudonymous Life of Frederick the Great' (1834-36), and 'Das
Judenthum und der Neuste Literatur' (The Jew Element in Recent
Literature: 1836), and passes to the semi-
biographic novel (Spinoza' (1837), after-
ward supplemented with 'Ein Denkerleben '
(A Thinker's Life), 'Dichter und Kaufman'
(Poet and Merchant: 1839), -stories belong-
ing to the Ghetto Series,' embodying Jew-
ish and German life in the time of Moses
Mendelssohn; the translation in five volumes
of Spinoza's philosophy, with a critical bio-
graphy, 1841; and in 1842 another work
intended to popularize philosophy, Der
Gebildete Bürger: ein Buch für den Denk-
enden Menschen' (The Clever Townsman:
a Book for Thinking Men).
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
In 1843 came the first set of the famous 'Schwarzwälder Dorfge-
schichten (Black Forest Village Stories), followed by a second group
in 1848.
These won instant and wide favor, and were widely trans-
lated. They rank among the author's most pleasing and successful
productions, stamped as they are with that truth which a writer like
Auerbach, or a painter like Defregger or Schmidt, can express when
sitting down to deal with the scenes and folk which from early
youth have been photographed upon his heart and memory. In 1856
there followed in the same descriptive field his 'Barfüssele' (Little
Barefoot), Joseph im Schnee' (Joseph in the Snow: 1861), and
'Edelweiss' (1861). His writings of this date - tales, sketches journa-
listic, political, and dramatic, and other papers- - reveal Auerbach's
varying moods or enthusiasms, chronicle his residence in different
German or Austrian cities, and are comparatively insignificant among
his forty or more volumes. Nor is much to be said of his first long
fiction, 'Neues Leben' (New Life).
—
But with Auf der Höhe (On the Heights), a philosophic romance
of court life in the capital and the royal country seat of a consid-
## p. 963 (#389) ############################################
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
963
erable German kingdom (by no means merely imaginary), inwoven
with a minute study of peasant life and character, Auerbach's popu-
lar reputation was established. His plan of making ethics the chief
end of a novel was here exhibited at its best; he never again showed
the same force of conception which got his imperfect literary art
forgiven. Another long novel, not less doctrinaire in scope, but deal
ing with quite different materials and problems, 'Das Landhaus am
Rhein' (The Villa on the Rhine), was issued in 1868; and was fol-
lowed by Waldfried,' a long, patriotic, and on the whole inert, study
of a German family from 1848 until the close of the Franco-Prussian
War.
<
>
In spite of his untiring industry, Auerbach produced little more of
consequence, though he wrote a new series of Black Forest sketches:
'Nach Dreissig Jahren (After Thirty Years: 1876); 'Der Forstmeister'
(The Head Forester: 1879); and 'Brigitta' (1880). The close of his life
was much embittered by the growth of the anti-Semitic sentiment;
and his residence in Germany was merely nominal. He died at
Cannes, France, in 1882.
'On the Heights' is doubtless Auerbach's best representative.
'The Villa on the Rhine' is in a lower key, with less appealing types,
and less attractive local color. Moreover, it is weighted with more
philosophizing, and its movement is slower. In On the Heights'
the emotional situations are strong. In spite of sentimentality, a true
feeling animates its technique. The atmosphere of a German royal
residence, as he reveals it, appears almost as heavy as the real thing.
Auerbach's humor is leaden; he finds it necessary to explain his own
attempts at it. But the peasant-nurse Walpurga, her husband Hansei,
and the aged grandmother in the family, are admirable delineations.
The heroine, Irma von Wildenort, is genuinely human.
The story
of her abrupt atonement for a lapse from her better self, the grad-
ual process of her fantastic expiation and of her self-redemption, --
through the deliberate sacrifice of all that belongs to her treacherous
past,- her successful struggle into a high ethical life and knowledge
of herself (the element which gives the book its force), offer much
that is consistent, and appealing and elevating to the conscience.
Auerbach crowds material into the book, tangles up too many
different skeins of plot, offers too many types to study and interests
to follow, and betrays a want of perspective in its construction. But
in spite of all its defects it is a novel that should not be forgotten.
For reflective readers it will always hold a charm, and its latent
strength is proved by its triumph over its own faults.
## p. 964 (#390) ############################################
964
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
THE FIRST MASS
From Ivo the Gentleman,' in 'Black Forest Village Stories>
ONE
NE Saturday afternoon the busy sound of hammer and adze
was heard on the green hill-top which served the good folks.
of Nordstetten as their open-air gathering-place. Valen-
tine the carpenter, with his two sons, was making a scaffolding,
designed to serve no less a purpose than that of an altar and a
pulpit. Gregory, the son of Christian the tailor, was to officiate.
at his first mass and preach his first sermon.
Ivo, Valentine's youngest son, a child of six years of age,
assisted his father with a mien which betokened that he consid-
ered his services indispensable. With his bare head and feet he
ran up and down the timbers as nimbly as a squirrel. When a
beam was being lifted, he cried, "Pry under! " as lustily as any
one, put his shoulder to the crowbar, and puffed as if nine-tenths
of the weight fell upon him. Valentine liked to see his little boy
employed. He would tell him to wind the twine on the reel, to
carry the tools where they were wanted, or to rake the chips into
a heap. Ivo obeyed all these directions with the zeal and devo-
tion of a self-sacrificing patriot. Once, when he perched upon the
end of a plank for the purpose of weighing it down, the motion
of the saw shook his every limb, and made him laugh aloud in
spite of himself; he would have fallen off but for the eagerness
with which he held on to his position and endeavored to perform
his task in the most workmanlike manner.
At last the scaffolding was finished. Lewis the saddler was
ready to nail down the carpets and hanging. Ivo offered to help
him too; but being gruffly repelled, he sat down upon his heap
of chips, and looked at the mountains, behind which the sun was
setting in a sea of fire. His father's whistle aroused him, and he
ran to his side.
"Father," said Ivo, "I wish I was in Hochdorf. "
"Why? "
"Because it's so near to heaven, and I should like to climb
up once. »
"You silly boy, it only seems as if heaven began there. From
Hochdorf it is a long way to Stuttgart, and from there it is a
long way to heaven yet.
"How long? "
## p. 965 (#391) ############################################
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
965
"Well, you can't get there until you die. "
Leading his little son with one hand, and carrying his tools in
the other, Valentine passed through the village. Washing and
scouring was going on everywhere, and chairs and tables stood
before the houses,- for every family expected visitors for the
great occasion of the morrow.
As Valentine passed Christian the tailor's, he held his hand to
his cap, prepared to take it off if anybody should look out.
nobody did so: the place was silent as a cloister. Some farmers'
wives were going in, carrying bowls covered with their aprons,
while others passed out with empty bowls under their arms.
They nodded to each other without speaking: they had brought
wedding-presents for the young clergyman, who was to be mar-
ried to his bride- the Church.
As the vesper-bell rang, Valentine released the hand of his
who quickly folded his hands; Valentine also brought his
hands together over his heavy tools and said an Ave.
Next morning a clear, bright day rose upon the village. Ivo
was dressed by his mother betimes in a new jacket of striped
Manchester cloth, with buttons which he took for silver, and a
newly-washed pair of leathern breeches. He was to carry the
crucifix. Gretchen, Ivo's eldest sister, took him by the hand and
led him into the street, "so as to have room in the house. " Hav-
ing enjoined upon him by no means to go back, she returned
hastily. Wherever he came he found the men standing in knots
in the road. They were but half dressed for the festival, having
no coats on, but displaying their dazzling white shirt-sleeves.
Here and there women or girls were to be seen running from
house to house without bodices, and with their hair half untied.
Ivo thought it cruel in his sister to have pushed him out of the
house as she had done. He would have been delighted to have
appeared like the grown folks,-first in negligée, and then in
full dress amid the tolling of bells and the clang of trumpets;
but he did not dare to return, or even to sit down anywhere,
for fear of spoiling his clothes. He went through the village
almost on tiptoe. Wagon after wagon rumbled in, bringing
farmers and farmers' wives from abroad; at the houses people
welcomed them, and brought chairs to assist them in getting
down. All the world looked as exultingly quiet and glad as a
community preparing to receive a hero who had gone forth from
their midst and was returning after a victory. From the church.
## p. 966 (#392) ############################################
966
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
to the hill-top the road was strewn with flowers and grass, which
sent forth aromatic odors. The squire was seen coming out of
Christian the tailor's, and only covered his head when he found
himself in the middle of the street. Soges had a new sword,
brightly japanned and glittering in the sun.
The squire's wife soon followed, leading her daughter Bar-
bara, who was but six years old, by the hand. Barbara was
dressed in bridal array. She wore the veil and the wreath upon
her head, and a beautiful gown. As an immaculate virgin, she
was intended to represent the bride of the young clergyman,
the Church.
At the first sound of the bell the people in shirt-sleeves dis-
appeared as if by magic. They retired to their houses to finish
their toilet: Ivo went on to the church.
Amid the ringing of all the bells, the procession at last issued
from the church-door. The pennons waved, the band of music
brought from Horb struck up, and the audible prayers of the
men and women mingled with the sound. Ivo, with the school-
master at his side, took the lead, carrying the crucifix. On the
hill the altar was finely decorated; the chalices and the lamps
and the spangled dresses of the saints flashed in the sun, and
the throng of worshipers covered the common and the adjoin-
ing fields as far as the eye could reach. Ivo hardly took courage
to look at the "gentleman," meaning the young clergyman, who,
in his gold-laced robe, and bare head crowned with a golden
wreath, ascended the steps of the altar with pale and sober
mien, bowing low as the music swelled, and folding his small
white hands upon his breast. The squire's Barbara, who car-
ried a burning taper wreathed with rosemary, had gone before
him and took her stand at the side of the altar. The mass
began; and at the tinkling of the bell all fell upon their faces,
and not a sound would have been heard, had not a flight of
pigeons passed directly over the altar with that fluttering and
chirping noise which always accompanies their motion through
the air. For all the world Ivo would not have looked up just
then; for he knew that the Holy Ghost was descending, to effect
the mysterious transubstantiation of the wine into blood and the
bread into flesh, and that no mortal eye can look upon Him
without being struck with blindness.
The chaplain of Horb now entered the pulpit, and solemnly
addressed the "permitiant. "
## p. 967 (#393) ############################################
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
967
Then the latter took his place. Ivo sat near by, on a stool;
with his right arm resting on his knee, and his chin upon his
hand, he listened attentively. He understood little of the ser-
mon; but his eyes hung upon the preacher's lips, and his mind
followed his intentions if not his thoughts.
When the procession returned to the church amid the re-
newed peal of the bells and triumphant strains of music, Ivo
clasped the crucifix firmly with both his hands; he felt as if
new strength had been given him to carry his God before him.
As the crowd dispersed, every one spoke in raptures of the
"gentleman" and of the happiness of the parents of such a son.
Christian the tailor and his wife came down the covered stairs
of the church-hill in superior bliss. Ordinarily they attracted.
little attention in the village; but on this occasion all crowded
around them with the greatest reverence, to present their con-
gratulations. The young clergyman's mother returned thanks
with tearful eyes; she could scarcely speak for joyous weeping.
Ivo heard his cousin, who had come over from Rexingen, say
that Gregory's parents were now obliged to address their son
with the formal pronoun "they," by which strangers and great
personages are spoken to, instead of the simple "thee and thou,"
by which German villagers converse with each other.
"Is that so, mother? " he asked.
"Of course," was the answer: "he's more than other folks
now. "
With all their enthusiasm, the good people did not forget
the pecuniary advantage gained by Christian the tailor.
It was
said that he need take no further trouble all his life. Cordele,
Gregory's sister, was to be her brother's housekeeper, and her
brother was a fortune to his family and an honor to all the
village.
Translation of Charles Goepp.
The following passages from 'On the Heights are reprinted by consent of
Henry Holt & Co. , holders of the copyright of the translation.
THE PEASANT-NURSE AND THE PRINCE
"THE
HERE, my boy! Now you've seen the sun. May you see it
for seven and seventy years to come, and when they've
run their course, may the Lord grant you a new lease of
life. Last night they lit millions of lamps for your sake. But
## p. 968 (#394) ############################################
968
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
they were nothing to the sun up in heaven, which the Lord him-
self lighted for you this very morning. Be a good boy, always,
so that you may deserve to have the sun shine on you. Yes,
now the angel's whispering to you. Laugh while you sleep!
That's right. There's one angel belongs to you on earth, and
that's your mother! And you're mine, too! You're mine, in-
deed! "
Thus spake Walpurga, the nurse, her voice soft, yet full of
emotion, while she gazed into the face of the child that lay in
her lap. Her soul was already swayed by that mysterious bond
of affection which never fails to develop itself in the heart of
the foster-mother. It is a noble trait in human nature, that we
love those on whom we can confer a kindness. Their whole
life gradually becomes interwoven with our own.
Walpurga became oblivious of herself and of all that was
dear to her in the cottage by the lake. She was now needed
here, where a young life had been assigned to her loving
charge.
She looked up at Mademoiselle Kramer, with beaming, eyes,
and met a joyful glance in return.
"It seems to me," said Walpurga, "that a palace is just like
a church. One has only good and pious thoughts here; and all
the people are so kind and frank. "
Mademoiselle Kramer suddenly smiled and replied:-
"My dear child—»
«< Don't call me 'child'! I'm not a child! I'm a mother! "
"But here, in the great world, you are only a child. A court
is a strange place. Some go hunting, others go fishing; one
builds, another paints; one studies a rôle, another a piece of
music; a dancer learns a new step, an author writes a new
book. Every one in the land is doing something—cooking or
baking, drilling or practicing, writing, painting, or dancing-
simply in order that the king and queen may be entertained. "
"I understand you," said Walpurga; and Mademoiselle Kra-
mer continued:-
"My family has been in the service of the court for sixteen
generations; "six would have been the right number, but six-
teen sounded so much better; -"my father is the governor of
the summer palace, and I was born there. I know all about the
court, and can teach you a great deal. "
"And I'll be glad to learn," interposed Walpurga.
## p. 969 (#395) ############################################
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
969
"Do you imagine that every one is kindly disposed towards
you?
Take my word for it, a palace contains people of all
sorts, good and bad. All the vices abound in such a place.
And there are many other matters of which you have no idea,
and of which you will, I trust, ever remain ignorant. But all
you meet are wondrous polite. Try to remain just as you now
are, and when you leave the palace, let it be as the same Wal-
purga you were when you came here. "
Walpurga stared at her in surprise. Who could change her?
Word came that the Queen was awake and desired Walpurga
to bring the Crown Prince to her.
Accompanied by Doctor Gunther, Mademoiselle Kramer, and
two waiting-women, she proceeded to the Queen's bedchamber.
The Queen lay there, calm and beautiful, and with a smile of
greeting, turned her face towards those who had entered. The
curtains had been partially drawn aside, and a broad, slanting ray
of light shone into the apartment, which seemed still more peace-
ful than during the breathless silence of the previous night.
«< Good morning! " said the Queen, with a voice full of feeling.
"Let me have my child! " She looked down at the babe that
rested in her arms, and then, without noticing any one in the
room, lifted her glance on high and faintly murmured:—
"This is the first time I behold my child in the daylight! "
All were silent; it seemed as if there was naught in the apart-
ment except the broad slanting ray of light that streamed in at
the window.
"Have you slept well? " inquired the Queen. Walpurga was
glad the Queen had asked a question, for now she could answer.
Casting a hurried glance at Mademoiselle Kramer, she said:
"Yes, indeed! Sleep's the first, the last, and the best thing
in the world. "
"She's clever," said the Queen, addressing Doctor Gunther in
French.
Walpurga's heart sank within her. Whenever she heard them
speak French, she felt as if they were betraying her; as if they
had put on an invisible cap, like that worn by the goblins in the
fairy-tale, and could thus speak without being heard.
"Did the Prince sleep well? " asked the Queen.
Walpurga passed her hand over her face, as if to brush away
a spider that had been creeping there. The Queen doesn't speak
of her "child" or her "son," but only of "the Crown Prince. "
## p. 970 (#396) ############################################
970
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
Walpurga answered: -
"Yes, quite well, thank God! That is, I couldn't hear him,
and I only wanted to say that I'd like to act towards the-" she
could not say "the Prince"-"that is, towards him, as I'd do
with my own child. We began on the very first day. My mother
taught me that. Such a child has a will of its own from the
very start, and it won't do to give way to it. It won't do to
take it from the cradle, or to feed it, whenever it pleases; there
ought to be regular times for all those things. It'll soon get used
to that, and it won't harm it either, to let it cry once in a while.
On the contrary, that expands the chest. "
"Does he cry? " asked the Queen.
The infant answered the question for itself, for it at once
began to cry most lustily.
"Take him and quiet him," begged the Queen.
The King entered the apartment before the child had stopped
crying.
"He will have a good voice of command," said he, kissing the
Queen's hand.
Walpurga quieted the child, and she and Mademoiselle Kra-
mer were sent back to their apartments.
The King informed the Queen of the dispatches that had been
received, and of the sponsors who had been decided upon. She
was perfectly satisfied with the arrangements that had been
made.
When Walpurga had returned to her room and had placed the
child in the cradle, she walked up and down and seemed quite
agitated.
"There are no angels in this world! " said she. "They're all
just like the rest of us, and who knows but—” She was vexed
at the Queen: "Why won't she listen patiently when her child
cries? We must take all our children bring us, whether it be
joy or pain. "
She stepped out into the passage-way and heard the tones of
the organ in the palace-chapel. For the first time in her life
these sounds displeased her. "It don't belong in the house,"
thought she, "where all sorts of things are going on. The
church ought to stand by itself. "
When she returned to the room, she found a stranger there.
Mademoiselle Kramer informed her that this was the tailor to
the Queen.
## p. 971 (#397) ############################################
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
971
Walpurga laughed outright at the notion of a "tailor to the
Queen. " The elegantly attired person looked at her in amaze-
ment, while Mademoiselle Kramer explained to her that this was
the dressmaker to her Majesty the Queen, and that he had come
to take her measure for three new dresses.
"Am I to wear city clothes? "
"God forbid! You're to wear the dress of your neighborhood,
and can order a stomacher in red, blue, green, or any color that
you like best. "
"I hardly know what to say; but I'd like to have a workday
suit too.
Sunday clothes on week-days-that won't do. "
"At court one always wears Sunday clothes, and when her
Majesty drives out again you will have to accompany her. "
"All right, then. I won't object. "
While he took her measure, Walpurga laughed incessantly,
and he was at last obliged to ask her to hold still, so that he
might go on with his work. Putting his measure into his pocket,
he informed Mademoiselle Kramer that he had ordered an exact
model, and that the master of ceremonies had favored him with
several drawings, so that there might be no doubt of success.
Finally he asked permission to see the Crown Prince. Made-
moiselle Kramer was about to let him do so, but Walpurga ob-
jected. "Before the child is christened," said she, "no one shall
look at it just out of curiosity, and least of all a tailor, or else
the child will never turn out the right sort of man. ”
The tailor took his leave, Mademoiselle Kramer having po-
litely hinted to him that nothing could be done with the super-
stition of the lower orders, and that it would not do to irritate
the nurse.
This occurrence induced Walpurga to administer the first seri-
ous reprimand to Mademoiselle Kramer. She could not under-
stand why she was so willing to make an exhibition of the
child. «<
Nothing does a child more harm than to let strangers
look at it in its sleep, and a tailor at that. "
All the wild fun with which, in popular songs, tailors are
held up to scorn and ridicule, found vent in Walpurga, and she
began singing:-
"Just list, ye braves, who love to roam!
A snail was chasing a tailor home.
And if Old Shears hadn't run so fast,
The snail would surely have caught him at last. "
## p. 972 (#398) ############################################
972
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
Mademoiselle Kramer's acquaintance with the court tailor had
lowered her in Walpurga's esteem; and with an evident effort
to mollify the latter, Mademoiselle Kramer asked: -
"Does the idea of your new and beautiful clothes really afford
you no pleasure ? »
"To be frank with you, no! I don't wear them for my own
sake, but for that of others, who dress me to please themselves.
It's all the same to me, however! I've given myself up to them,
and suppose I must submit. "
"May I come in? " asked a pleasant voice. Countess Irma
entered the room. Extending both her hands to Walpurga, she
said:-
"God greet you, my countrywoman! I am also from the
Highlands, seven hours distance from your village. I know it
well, and once sailed over the lake with your father. Does he
still live? "
"Alas! no: he was drowned, and the lake hasn't given up its
dead. "
"He was a fine-looking old man, and you are the very image
of him. "
"I am glad to find some one else here who knew my father.
The court tailor-I mean the court doctor- knew him too.
Yes, search the land through, you couldn't have found a better
man than my father, and no one can help but admit it. "
«Yes:
I've often heard as much. "
"May I ask your Ladyship's name? "
"Countess Wildenort. "
"Wildenort? I've heard the name before. Yes, I remember
my mother's mentioning it. Your father was known as a very
Has he been dead a long while? "
kind and benevolent man.
"No, he is still living. "
"Is he here too? "
"No. "
"And as what are you here, Countess? "
"As maid of honor. "
"And what is that? "
Being attached to the Queen's person; or what, in your part
of the country, would be called a companion. "
<<
And is your father willing to let them use you
"Indeed!
that way? "
Irma, who was somewhat annoyed by her questions, said:—
## p. 973 (#399) ############################################
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
973
"I wished to ask you something-Can you write? "
"I once could, but I've quite forgotten how. "
"Then I've just hit it! that's the very reason for my coming
here. Now, whenever you wish to write home, you can dictate
your letter to me, and I will write whatever you tell me to. "
"I could have done that too," suggested Mademoiselle Kramer,
timidly; "and your Ladyship would not have needed to trouble
yourself. "
"No, the Countess will write for me.
Shall it be now? "
"Certainly. "
While she was in the
But Walpurga had to go to the child.
next room, Countess Irma and Mademoiselle Kramer engaged
each other in conversation.
When Walpurga returned, she found Irma, pen in hand, and
at once began to dictate.
Translation of S. A. Stern.
THE FIRST FALSE STEP
From On the Heights'
THE
HE ball was to be given in the palace and the adjoining win-
ter garden. The intendant now informed Irma of his plan,
and was delighted to find that she approved of it. At the
end of the garden he intended to erect a large fountain, orna-
mented with antique groups. In the foreground he meant to
have trees and shrubbery and various kinds of rocks, so that
none could approach too closely; and the background was to be
a Grecian landscape, painted in the grand style.
Irma promised to keep his secret. Suddenly she exclaimed,
"We are all of us no better than lackeys and kitchen-maids. We
are kept busy stewing, roasting, and cooking for weeks, in order
to prepare a dish that may please their Majesties. "
The intendant made no reply.
"Do you remember," continued Irma, "how, when we were
at the lake, we spoke of the fact that man possessed the advan-
tage of being able to change his dress, and thus to alter his
appearance? While yet a child, masquerading was my greatest
delight. The soul wings its flight in callow infancy. A bal
costume is indeed one of the noblest fruits of culture. The love
of coquetry which is innate with all of us displays itself there
undisguised. "
## p. 974 (#400) ############################################
974
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
The intendant took his leave.
While walking away, his mind.
was filled with his old thoughts about Irma.
"No," said he to himself, such a woman would be a constant
strain, and would require one to be brilliant and intellectual all
day long. She would exhaust one," said he, almost aloud.
No one knew what character Irma intended to appear in,
although many supposed that it would be as "Victory," since it
was well known that she had stood for the model of the statue
that surmounted the arsenal. They were busy conjecturing how
she could assume that character without violating the social
proprieties.
In 1826 he sailed for Europe to exhibit his newly collected treas-
ures to foreign ornithologists. He succeeded in obtaining pecuniary
aid in publishing the work, and plates were made in England. The
book was published in New York in four volumes (elephant folio) in
1830-39. The birds are life-size. The American Ornithological
Biography,' which is the text for the plates, was published in Edin-
burgh, 1831-39, in five octavo volumes. Accompanied by his two
sons he started on new excursions, which resulted in The Quad-
rupeds of America,' with a 'Biography of American Quadrupeds,'
both published at Philadelphia, beginning in 1840. During that year
he built a house for himself in the upper part of New York, in what
is now called Audubon Park, and died there January 27th, 1851.
Audubon's descriptive text is not unworthy of his plates: his
works are far from being mere tenders to picture-books. He is full
of enthusiasm, his descriptions of birds and animals are vivid and
realizing, and his adventures are told with much spirit and consider-
able literary skill, though some carelessness of syntax.
A DANGEROUS ADVENTURE
From The American Ornithological Biography>
ON
MY return from the Upper Mississippi, I found myself
obliged to cross one of the wide prairies which, in that
portion of the United States, vary the appearance of the
country. The weather was fine, all around me was as fresh and
blooming as if it had just issued from the bosom of nature. My
knapsack, my gun, and my dog, were all I had for baggage and
company. But although well moccasined, I moved slowly along,
attracted by the brilliancy of the flowers, and the gambols of
the fawns around their dams, to all appearance as thoughtless
of danger as I felt myself.
My march was of long duration; I saw the sun sinking
beneath the horizon long before I could perceive any appearance
of woodland, and nothing in the shape of man had I met with
that day.
The track which I followed was only an old Indian
## p. 958 (#384) ############################################
958
JOHN JAMES AUDUBON
trace; and, as darkness overshadowed the prairie, I felt some
desire to reach at least a copse, in which I might lie down to
rest. The night-hawks were skimming over and around me,
attracted by the buzzing wings of the beetles which formed
their food, and the distant howling of wolves gave me some
hope that I should soon arrive at the skirts of some woodland.
I did so, and almost at the same instant a fire-light attracting
my eye, I moved toward it, full of confidence that it proceeded
from the camp of some wandering Indians. I was mistaken. I
discovered by its glare that it was from the hearth of a small
log cabin, and that a tall figure passed and repassed between it
and me, as if busily engaged in household arrangements.
I reached the spot, and presenting myself at the door, asked
the tall figure, which proved to be a woman, if I might take
shelter under her roof for the night. Her voice was gruff, and
her attire negligently thrown about her. She answered in the
affirmative. I walked in, took a wooden stool, and quietly seated
myself by the fire. The next object that attracted my notice
was a finely formed young Indian, resting his head between his
hands, with his elbows on his knees. A long bow rested against
the log wall near him, while a quantity of arrows and two or
three raccoon skins lay at his feet. He moved not; he appar-
ently breathed not. Accustomed to the habits of the Indians,
and knowing that they pay little attention to the approach of
civilized strangers (a circumstance which in some countries is
considered as evincing the apathy of their character), I addressed
him in French, a language not unfrequently partially known to
the people in that neighborhood. He raised his head, pointed to
one of his eyes with his finger, and gave me a significant glance
with the other. His face was covered with blood. The fact
was, that an hour before this, as he was in the act of discharg-
ing an arrow at a raccoon in the top of a tree, the arrow had
split upon the cord, and sprung back with such violence into his
right eye as to destroy it forever.
Feeling hungry, I inquired what sort of fare I might expect.
Such a thing as a bed was not to be seen, but many large
untanned bear and buffalo hides lay piled in a corner. I drew
a fine timepiece from my breast, and told the woman that it
was late, and that I was fatigued. She had espied my watch,
the richness of which seemed to operate upon her feelings with
electric quickness. She told me that there was plenty of venison
## p. 959 (#385) ############################################
JOHN JAMES AUDUBON
959
and jerked buffalo meat, and that on removing the ashes I
should find a cake. But my watch had struck her fancy, and
her curiosity had to be gratified by an immediate sight of it. I
took off the gold chain that secured it, from around my neck,
and presented it to her. She was all ecstasy, spoke of its
beauty, asked me its value, and put the chain round her brawny
neck, saying how happy the possession of such a watch should
make her. Thoughtless, and as I fancied myself, in so retired.
a spot, secure, I paid little attention to her talk or her move-
ments. I helped my dog to a good supper of venison, and was
not long in satisfying the demands of my own appetite.
The Indian rose from his seat, as if in extreme suffering.
He passed me and repassed me several times, and once pinched
me on the side so violently that the pain nearly brought forth
an exclamation of anger. I looked at him. His eye met mine;
but his look was so forbidding that it struck a chill into the more
nervous part of my system. He again seated himself, drew his
butcher-knife from its greasy scabbard, examined its edge, as I
would do that of a razor suspected dull, replaced it, and again
taking his tomahawk from his back, filled the pipe of it with
tobacco, and sent me expressive glances whenever our hostess
chanced to have her back towards us.
Never until that moment had my senses been awakened to the
danger which I now suspected to be about me.
I returned glance
for glance to my companion, and rested well assured that what-
ever enemies I might have, he was not of their number.
I asked the woman for my watch, wound it up, and under
pretense of wishing to see how the weather might probably be
on the morrow, took up my gun, and walked out of the cabin.
I slipped a ball into each barrel, scraped the edges of my flints,
renewed the primings, and returning to the hut, gave a favorable
account of my observations. I took a few bear-skins, made a
pallet of them, and calling my faithful dog to my side, lay down,
with my gun close to my body, and in a few minutes was to all
appearance fast asleep.
A short time had elapsed, when some voices were heard; and
from the corner of my eyes I saw two athletic youths making
their entrance, bearing a dead stag on a pole.
pole. They disposed of
their burden, and asking for whisky, helped themselves freely to
it. Observing me and the wounded Indian, they asked who I
was, and why the devil that rascal (meaning the Indian, who,
## p. 960 (#386) ############################################
960
JOHN JAMES AUDUBON
they knew, understood not a word of English) was in the house.
The mother-for so she proved to be-bade them speak less
loudly, made mention of my watch, and took them to a corner,
where a conversation took place, the purport of which it required
little shrewdness in me to guess. I tapped my dog gently. He
moved his tail, and with indescribable pleasure I saw his fine
eyes alternately fixed on me and raised toward the trio in the
corner. I felt that he perceived danger in my situation. The
Indian exchanged a last glance with me.
The lads had eaten and drunk themselves into such condition
that I already looked upon them as hors de combat; and the fre-
quent visits of the whisky bottle to the ugly mouth of their dam
I hoped would soon reduce her to a like state. Judge of my
astonishment, reader, when I saw this incarnate fiend take a
large carving-knife and go to the grindstone to whet its edge. I
saw her pour the water on the turning machine, and watched
her working away with the dangerous instrument, until the cold
sweat covered every part of my body, in spite of my determina-
tion to defend myself to the last. Her task finished, she walked
to her reeling sons, and said, "There, that'll soon settle him!
Boys, kill yon - and then for the watch. "
"
I turned, cocked my gunlocks silently, touched my faithful
companion, and lay ready to start up and shoot the first one who
might attempt my life. The moment was fast approaching, and
that night might have been my last in the world, had not Provi-
dence made preparations for my rescue. All was ready. The
infernal hag was advancing slowly, probably contemplating the
best way of dispatching me, while her sons should be engaged
with the Indian. I was several times on the point of rising and
shooting her on the spot; - but she was not to be punished thus.
The door was suddenly opened, and there entered two stout
travelers, each with a long rifle on his shoulder. I bounced up
on my feet, and making them most heartily welcome, told them
how well it was for me that they should have arrived at that
moment. The tale was told in a minute. The drunken sons
were secured, and the woman, in spite of her defense and vocif-
erations, shared the same fate. The Indian fairly danced with joy,
and gave us to understand that as he could not sleep for pain,
he would watch over us. You may suppose we slept much less
than we talked. The two strangers gave me an account of their
once having been themselves in a somewhat similar situation.
## p. 961 (#387) ############################################
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
961
Day came, fair and rosy, and with it the punishment of our
captives. They were now quite sobered. Their feet were un-
bound, but their arms were still securely tied. We marched them
into the woods off the road, and having used them as Regula-
tors were wont to use such delinquents, we set fire to the cabin,
gave all the skins and implements to the young Indian warrior,
and proceeded, well pleased, towards the settlements.
During upward of twenty-five years, when my wanderings
extended to all parts of our country, this was the only time at
which my life was in danger from my fellow-creatures. Indeed,
so little risk do travelers run in the United States, that no one
born there ever dreams of any to be encountered on the road,
and I can only account for this occurrence by supposing that the
inhabitants of the cabin were not Americans.
Will you believe, good-natured reader, that not many miles
from the place where this adventure happened, and where fifteen
years ago, no habitation belonging to civilized man was expected,
and very few ever seen, large roads are now laid out, cultivation
has converted the woods into fertile fields, taverns have been
erected, and much of what we Americans call comfort is to be
met with! So fast does improvement proceed in our abundant
and free country.
NO
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
(1812-1882)
HE author of 'Black Forest Village Stories' and 'On the
Heights' stands out in honorable individuality among mod-
ern German novelists, even if the latest fashions in fiction
make his work already a little antiquated. Auerbach's biography is
one of industry rather than of incident. His birth was humble. His
life was long. He wrote voluminously and was widely popular, to
be half forgotten within a decade after his death. He may perhaps
be reckoned the founder of a contemporary German school of tendenz
novel writers; a school now so much diminished that Spielhagen —
who, however, wears Auerbach's mantle with a difference is its
only survivor.
Of Jewish parentage, his birthplace being Nordstetten, Würtem-
berg (1812), Auerbach drifted from preparation for the synagogue
11-61
## p. 962 (#388) ############################################
962
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
toward law, philosophy, and literature. The study of Spinoza (whose
works he translated) gave form to his convictions concerning human
life. It led him to spend his literary talents on materials so various
as the homely simplicity of peasant scenes and peasant souls, on the
one hand, and on the other the popularization of a high social and
ethical philosophy, specially inculcated through his larger fictions.
His college education was obtained at Tübingen, Munich, and Heidel-
berg.
Necessity rather than ambition prompted him to write, and he
wrote as long as he lived. A partial list of his works begins with a
pseudonymous Life of Frederick the Great' (1834-36), and 'Das
Judenthum und der Neuste Literatur' (The Jew Element in Recent
Literature: 1836), and passes to the semi-
biographic novel (Spinoza' (1837), after-
ward supplemented with 'Ein Denkerleben '
(A Thinker's Life), 'Dichter und Kaufman'
(Poet and Merchant: 1839), -stories belong-
ing to the Ghetto Series,' embodying Jew-
ish and German life in the time of Moses
Mendelssohn; the translation in five volumes
of Spinoza's philosophy, with a critical bio-
graphy, 1841; and in 1842 another work
intended to popularize philosophy, Der
Gebildete Bürger: ein Buch für den Denk-
enden Menschen' (The Clever Townsman:
a Book for Thinking Men).
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
In 1843 came the first set of the famous 'Schwarzwälder Dorfge-
schichten (Black Forest Village Stories), followed by a second group
in 1848.
These won instant and wide favor, and were widely trans-
lated. They rank among the author's most pleasing and successful
productions, stamped as they are with that truth which a writer like
Auerbach, or a painter like Defregger or Schmidt, can express when
sitting down to deal with the scenes and folk which from early
youth have been photographed upon his heart and memory. In 1856
there followed in the same descriptive field his 'Barfüssele' (Little
Barefoot), Joseph im Schnee' (Joseph in the Snow: 1861), and
'Edelweiss' (1861). His writings of this date - tales, sketches journa-
listic, political, and dramatic, and other papers- - reveal Auerbach's
varying moods or enthusiasms, chronicle his residence in different
German or Austrian cities, and are comparatively insignificant among
his forty or more volumes. Nor is much to be said of his first long
fiction, 'Neues Leben' (New Life).
—
But with Auf der Höhe (On the Heights), a philosophic romance
of court life in the capital and the royal country seat of a consid-
## p. 963 (#389) ############################################
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
963
erable German kingdom (by no means merely imaginary), inwoven
with a minute study of peasant life and character, Auerbach's popu-
lar reputation was established. His plan of making ethics the chief
end of a novel was here exhibited at its best; he never again showed
the same force of conception which got his imperfect literary art
forgiven. Another long novel, not less doctrinaire in scope, but deal
ing with quite different materials and problems, 'Das Landhaus am
Rhein' (The Villa on the Rhine), was issued in 1868; and was fol-
lowed by Waldfried,' a long, patriotic, and on the whole inert, study
of a German family from 1848 until the close of the Franco-Prussian
War.
<
>
In spite of his untiring industry, Auerbach produced little more of
consequence, though he wrote a new series of Black Forest sketches:
'Nach Dreissig Jahren (After Thirty Years: 1876); 'Der Forstmeister'
(The Head Forester: 1879); and 'Brigitta' (1880). The close of his life
was much embittered by the growth of the anti-Semitic sentiment;
and his residence in Germany was merely nominal. He died at
Cannes, France, in 1882.
'On the Heights' is doubtless Auerbach's best representative.
'The Villa on the Rhine' is in a lower key, with less appealing types,
and less attractive local color. Moreover, it is weighted with more
philosophizing, and its movement is slower. In On the Heights'
the emotional situations are strong. In spite of sentimentality, a true
feeling animates its technique. The atmosphere of a German royal
residence, as he reveals it, appears almost as heavy as the real thing.
Auerbach's humor is leaden; he finds it necessary to explain his own
attempts at it. But the peasant-nurse Walpurga, her husband Hansei,
and the aged grandmother in the family, are admirable delineations.
The heroine, Irma von Wildenort, is genuinely human.
The story
of her abrupt atonement for a lapse from her better self, the grad-
ual process of her fantastic expiation and of her self-redemption, --
through the deliberate sacrifice of all that belongs to her treacherous
past,- her successful struggle into a high ethical life and knowledge
of herself (the element which gives the book its force), offer much
that is consistent, and appealing and elevating to the conscience.
Auerbach crowds material into the book, tangles up too many
different skeins of plot, offers too many types to study and interests
to follow, and betrays a want of perspective in its construction. But
in spite of all its defects it is a novel that should not be forgotten.
For reflective readers it will always hold a charm, and its latent
strength is proved by its triumph over its own faults.
## p. 964 (#390) ############################################
964
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
THE FIRST MASS
From Ivo the Gentleman,' in 'Black Forest Village Stories>
ONE
NE Saturday afternoon the busy sound of hammer and adze
was heard on the green hill-top which served the good folks.
of Nordstetten as their open-air gathering-place. Valen-
tine the carpenter, with his two sons, was making a scaffolding,
designed to serve no less a purpose than that of an altar and a
pulpit. Gregory, the son of Christian the tailor, was to officiate.
at his first mass and preach his first sermon.
Ivo, Valentine's youngest son, a child of six years of age,
assisted his father with a mien which betokened that he consid-
ered his services indispensable. With his bare head and feet he
ran up and down the timbers as nimbly as a squirrel. When a
beam was being lifted, he cried, "Pry under! " as lustily as any
one, put his shoulder to the crowbar, and puffed as if nine-tenths
of the weight fell upon him. Valentine liked to see his little boy
employed. He would tell him to wind the twine on the reel, to
carry the tools where they were wanted, or to rake the chips into
a heap. Ivo obeyed all these directions with the zeal and devo-
tion of a self-sacrificing patriot. Once, when he perched upon the
end of a plank for the purpose of weighing it down, the motion
of the saw shook his every limb, and made him laugh aloud in
spite of himself; he would have fallen off but for the eagerness
with which he held on to his position and endeavored to perform
his task in the most workmanlike manner.
At last the scaffolding was finished. Lewis the saddler was
ready to nail down the carpets and hanging. Ivo offered to help
him too; but being gruffly repelled, he sat down upon his heap
of chips, and looked at the mountains, behind which the sun was
setting in a sea of fire. His father's whistle aroused him, and he
ran to his side.
"Father," said Ivo, "I wish I was in Hochdorf. "
"Why? "
"Because it's so near to heaven, and I should like to climb
up once. »
"You silly boy, it only seems as if heaven began there. From
Hochdorf it is a long way to Stuttgart, and from there it is a
long way to heaven yet.
"How long? "
## p. 965 (#391) ############################################
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
965
"Well, you can't get there until you die. "
Leading his little son with one hand, and carrying his tools in
the other, Valentine passed through the village. Washing and
scouring was going on everywhere, and chairs and tables stood
before the houses,- for every family expected visitors for the
great occasion of the morrow.
As Valentine passed Christian the tailor's, he held his hand to
his cap, prepared to take it off if anybody should look out.
nobody did so: the place was silent as a cloister. Some farmers'
wives were going in, carrying bowls covered with their aprons,
while others passed out with empty bowls under their arms.
They nodded to each other without speaking: they had brought
wedding-presents for the young clergyman, who was to be mar-
ried to his bride- the Church.
As the vesper-bell rang, Valentine released the hand of his
who quickly folded his hands; Valentine also brought his
hands together over his heavy tools and said an Ave.
Next morning a clear, bright day rose upon the village. Ivo
was dressed by his mother betimes in a new jacket of striped
Manchester cloth, with buttons which he took for silver, and a
newly-washed pair of leathern breeches. He was to carry the
crucifix. Gretchen, Ivo's eldest sister, took him by the hand and
led him into the street, "so as to have room in the house. " Hav-
ing enjoined upon him by no means to go back, she returned
hastily. Wherever he came he found the men standing in knots
in the road. They were but half dressed for the festival, having
no coats on, but displaying their dazzling white shirt-sleeves.
Here and there women or girls were to be seen running from
house to house without bodices, and with their hair half untied.
Ivo thought it cruel in his sister to have pushed him out of the
house as she had done. He would have been delighted to have
appeared like the grown folks,-first in negligée, and then in
full dress amid the tolling of bells and the clang of trumpets;
but he did not dare to return, or even to sit down anywhere,
for fear of spoiling his clothes. He went through the village
almost on tiptoe. Wagon after wagon rumbled in, bringing
farmers and farmers' wives from abroad; at the houses people
welcomed them, and brought chairs to assist them in getting
down. All the world looked as exultingly quiet and glad as a
community preparing to receive a hero who had gone forth from
their midst and was returning after a victory. From the church.
## p. 966 (#392) ############################################
966
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
to the hill-top the road was strewn with flowers and grass, which
sent forth aromatic odors. The squire was seen coming out of
Christian the tailor's, and only covered his head when he found
himself in the middle of the street. Soges had a new sword,
brightly japanned and glittering in the sun.
The squire's wife soon followed, leading her daughter Bar-
bara, who was but six years old, by the hand. Barbara was
dressed in bridal array. She wore the veil and the wreath upon
her head, and a beautiful gown. As an immaculate virgin, she
was intended to represent the bride of the young clergyman,
the Church.
At the first sound of the bell the people in shirt-sleeves dis-
appeared as if by magic. They retired to their houses to finish
their toilet: Ivo went on to the church.
Amid the ringing of all the bells, the procession at last issued
from the church-door. The pennons waved, the band of music
brought from Horb struck up, and the audible prayers of the
men and women mingled with the sound. Ivo, with the school-
master at his side, took the lead, carrying the crucifix. On the
hill the altar was finely decorated; the chalices and the lamps
and the spangled dresses of the saints flashed in the sun, and
the throng of worshipers covered the common and the adjoin-
ing fields as far as the eye could reach. Ivo hardly took courage
to look at the "gentleman," meaning the young clergyman, who,
in his gold-laced robe, and bare head crowned with a golden
wreath, ascended the steps of the altar with pale and sober
mien, bowing low as the music swelled, and folding his small
white hands upon his breast. The squire's Barbara, who car-
ried a burning taper wreathed with rosemary, had gone before
him and took her stand at the side of the altar. The mass
began; and at the tinkling of the bell all fell upon their faces,
and not a sound would have been heard, had not a flight of
pigeons passed directly over the altar with that fluttering and
chirping noise which always accompanies their motion through
the air. For all the world Ivo would not have looked up just
then; for he knew that the Holy Ghost was descending, to effect
the mysterious transubstantiation of the wine into blood and the
bread into flesh, and that no mortal eye can look upon Him
without being struck with blindness.
The chaplain of Horb now entered the pulpit, and solemnly
addressed the "permitiant. "
## p. 967 (#393) ############################################
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
967
Then the latter took his place. Ivo sat near by, on a stool;
with his right arm resting on his knee, and his chin upon his
hand, he listened attentively. He understood little of the ser-
mon; but his eyes hung upon the preacher's lips, and his mind
followed his intentions if not his thoughts.
When the procession returned to the church amid the re-
newed peal of the bells and triumphant strains of music, Ivo
clasped the crucifix firmly with both his hands; he felt as if
new strength had been given him to carry his God before him.
As the crowd dispersed, every one spoke in raptures of the
"gentleman" and of the happiness of the parents of such a son.
Christian the tailor and his wife came down the covered stairs
of the church-hill in superior bliss. Ordinarily they attracted.
little attention in the village; but on this occasion all crowded
around them with the greatest reverence, to present their con-
gratulations. The young clergyman's mother returned thanks
with tearful eyes; she could scarcely speak for joyous weeping.
Ivo heard his cousin, who had come over from Rexingen, say
that Gregory's parents were now obliged to address their son
with the formal pronoun "they," by which strangers and great
personages are spoken to, instead of the simple "thee and thou,"
by which German villagers converse with each other.
"Is that so, mother? " he asked.
"Of course," was the answer: "he's more than other folks
now. "
With all their enthusiasm, the good people did not forget
the pecuniary advantage gained by Christian the tailor.
It was
said that he need take no further trouble all his life. Cordele,
Gregory's sister, was to be her brother's housekeeper, and her
brother was a fortune to his family and an honor to all the
village.
Translation of Charles Goepp.
The following passages from 'On the Heights are reprinted by consent of
Henry Holt & Co. , holders of the copyright of the translation.
THE PEASANT-NURSE AND THE PRINCE
"THE
HERE, my boy! Now you've seen the sun. May you see it
for seven and seventy years to come, and when they've
run their course, may the Lord grant you a new lease of
life. Last night they lit millions of lamps for your sake. But
## p. 968 (#394) ############################################
968
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
they were nothing to the sun up in heaven, which the Lord him-
self lighted for you this very morning. Be a good boy, always,
so that you may deserve to have the sun shine on you. Yes,
now the angel's whispering to you. Laugh while you sleep!
That's right. There's one angel belongs to you on earth, and
that's your mother! And you're mine, too! You're mine, in-
deed! "
Thus spake Walpurga, the nurse, her voice soft, yet full of
emotion, while she gazed into the face of the child that lay in
her lap. Her soul was already swayed by that mysterious bond
of affection which never fails to develop itself in the heart of
the foster-mother. It is a noble trait in human nature, that we
love those on whom we can confer a kindness. Their whole
life gradually becomes interwoven with our own.
Walpurga became oblivious of herself and of all that was
dear to her in the cottage by the lake. She was now needed
here, where a young life had been assigned to her loving
charge.
She looked up at Mademoiselle Kramer, with beaming, eyes,
and met a joyful glance in return.
"It seems to me," said Walpurga, "that a palace is just like
a church. One has only good and pious thoughts here; and all
the people are so kind and frank. "
Mademoiselle Kramer suddenly smiled and replied:-
"My dear child—»
«< Don't call me 'child'! I'm not a child! I'm a mother! "
"But here, in the great world, you are only a child. A court
is a strange place. Some go hunting, others go fishing; one
builds, another paints; one studies a rôle, another a piece of
music; a dancer learns a new step, an author writes a new
book. Every one in the land is doing something—cooking or
baking, drilling or practicing, writing, painting, or dancing-
simply in order that the king and queen may be entertained. "
"I understand you," said Walpurga; and Mademoiselle Kra-
mer continued:-
"My family has been in the service of the court for sixteen
generations; "six would have been the right number, but six-
teen sounded so much better; -"my father is the governor of
the summer palace, and I was born there. I know all about the
court, and can teach you a great deal. "
"And I'll be glad to learn," interposed Walpurga.
## p. 969 (#395) ############################################
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
969
"Do you imagine that every one is kindly disposed towards
you?
Take my word for it, a palace contains people of all
sorts, good and bad. All the vices abound in such a place.
And there are many other matters of which you have no idea,
and of which you will, I trust, ever remain ignorant. But all
you meet are wondrous polite. Try to remain just as you now
are, and when you leave the palace, let it be as the same Wal-
purga you were when you came here. "
Walpurga stared at her in surprise. Who could change her?
Word came that the Queen was awake and desired Walpurga
to bring the Crown Prince to her.
Accompanied by Doctor Gunther, Mademoiselle Kramer, and
two waiting-women, she proceeded to the Queen's bedchamber.
The Queen lay there, calm and beautiful, and with a smile of
greeting, turned her face towards those who had entered. The
curtains had been partially drawn aside, and a broad, slanting ray
of light shone into the apartment, which seemed still more peace-
ful than during the breathless silence of the previous night.
«< Good morning! " said the Queen, with a voice full of feeling.
"Let me have my child! " She looked down at the babe that
rested in her arms, and then, without noticing any one in the
room, lifted her glance on high and faintly murmured:—
"This is the first time I behold my child in the daylight! "
All were silent; it seemed as if there was naught in the apart-
ment except the broad slanting ray of light that streamed in at
the window.
"Have you slept well? " inquired the Queen. Walpurga was
glad the Queen had asked a question, for now she could answer.
Casting a hurried glance at Mademoiselle Kramer, she said:
"Yes, indeed! Sleep's the first, the last, and the best thing
in the world. "
"She's clever," said the Queen, addressing Doctor Gunther in
French.
Walpurga's heart sank within her. Whenever she heard them
speak French, she felt as if they were betraying her; as if they
had put on an invisible cap, like that worn by the goblins in the
fairy-tale, and could thus speak without being heard.
"Did the Prince sleep well? " asked the Queen.
Walpurga passed her hand over her face, as if to brush away
a spider that had been creeping there. The Queen doesn't speak
of her "child" or her "son," but only of "the Crown Prince. "
## p. 970 (#396) ############################################
970
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
Walpurga answered: -
"Yes, quite well, thank God! That is, I couldn't hear him,
and I only wanted to say that I'd like to act towards the-" she
could not say "the Prince"-"that is, towards him, as I'd do
with my own child. We began on the very first day. My mother
taught me that. Such a child has a will of its own from the
very start, and it won't do to give way to it. It won't do to
take it from the cradle, or to feed it, whenever it pleases; there
ought to be regular times for all those things. It'll soon get used
to that, and it won't harm it either, to let it cry once in a while.
On the contrary, that expands the chest. "
"Does he cry? " asked the Queen.
The infant answered the question for itself, for it at once
began to cry most lustily.
"Take him and quiet him," begged the Queen.
The King entered the apartment before the child had stopped
crying.
"He will have a good voice of command," said he, kissing the
Queen's hand.
Walpurga quieted the child, and she and Mademoiselle Kra-
mer were sent back to their apartments.
The King informed the Queen of the dispatches that had been
received, and of the sponsors who had been decided upon. She
was perfectly satisfied with the arrangements that had been
made.
When Walpurga had returned to her room and had placed the
child in the cradle, she walked up and down and seemed quite
agitated.
"There are no angels in this world! " said she. "They're all
just like the rest of us, and who knows but—” She was vexed
at the Queen: "Why won't she listen patiently when her child
cries? We must take all our children bring us, whether it be
joy or pain. "
She stepped out into the passage-way and heard the tones of
the organ in the palace-chapel. For the first time in her life
these sounds displeased her. "It don't belong in the house,"
thought she, "where all sorts of things are going on. The
church ought to stand by itself. "
When she returned to the room, she found a stranger there.
Mademoiselle Kramer informed her that this was the tailor to
the Queen.
## p. 971 (#397) ############################################
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
971
Walpurga laughed outright at the notion of a "tailor to the
Queen. " The elegantly attired person looked at her in amaze-
ment, while Mademoiselle Kramer explained to her that this was
the dressmaker to her Majesty the Queen, and that he had come
to take her measure for three new dresses.
"Am I to wear city clothes? "
"God forbid! You're to wear the dress of your neighborhood,
and can order a stomacher in red, blue, green, or any color that
you like best. "
"I hardly know what to say; but I'd like to have a workday
suit too.
Sunday clothes on week-days-that won't do. "
"At court one always wears Sunday clothes, and when her
Majesty drives out again you will have to accompany her. "
"All right, then. I won't object. "
While he took her measure, Walpurga laughed incessantly,
and he was at last obliged to ask her to hold still, so that he
might go on with his work. Putting his measure into his pocket,
he informed Mademoiselle Kramer that he had ordered an exact
model, and that the master of ceremonies had favored him with
several drawings, so that there might be no doubt of success.
Finally he asked permission to see the Crown Prince. Made-
moiselle Kramer was about to let him do so, but Walpurga ob-
jected. "Before the child is christened," said she, "no one shall
look at it just out of curiosity, and least of all a tailor, or else
the child will never turn out the right sort of man. ”
The tailor took his leave, Mademoiselle Kramer having po-
litely hinted to him that nothing could be done with the super-
stition of the lower orders, and that it would not do to irritate
the nurse.
This occurrence induced Walpurga to administer the first seri-
ous reprimand to Mademoiselle Kramer. She could not under-
stand why she was so willing to make an exhibition of the
child. «<
Nothing does a child more harm than to let strangers
look at it in its sleep, and a tailor at that. "
All the wild fun with which, in popular songs, tailors are
held up to scorn and ridicule, found vent in Walpurga, and she
began singing:-
"Just list, ye braves, who love to roam!
A snail was chasing a tailor home.
And if Old Shears hadn't run so fast,
The snail would surely have caught him at last. "
## p. 972 (#398) ############################################
972
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
Mademoiselle Kramer's acquaintance with the court tailor had
lowered her in Walpurga's esteem; and with an evident effort
to mollify the latter, Mademoiselle Kramer asked: -
"Does the idea of your new and beautiful clothes really afford
you no pleasure ? »
"To be frank with you, no! I don't wear them for my own
sake, but for that of others, who dress me to please themselves.
It's all the same to me, however! I've given myself up to them,
and suppose I must submit. "
"May I come in? " asked a pleasant voice. Countess Irma
entered the room. Extending both her hands to Walpurga, she
said:-
"God greet you, my countrywoman! I am also from the
Highlands, seven hours distance from your village. I know it
well, and once sailed over the lake with your father. Does he
still live? "
"Alas! no: he was drowned, and the lake hasn't given up its
dead. "
"He was a fine-looking old man, and you are the very image
of him. "
"I am glad to find some one else here who knew my father.
The court tailor-I mean the court doctor- knew him too.
Yes, search the land through, you couldn't have found a better
man than my father, and no one can help but admit it. "
«Yes:
I've often heard as much. "
"May I ask your Ladyship's name? "
"Countess Wildenort. "
"Wildenort? I've heard the name before. Yes, I remember
my mother's mentioning it. Your father was known as a very
Has he been dead a long while? "
kind and benevolent man.
"No, he is still living. "
"Is he here too? "
"No. "
"And as what are you here, Countess? "
"As maid of honor. "
"And what is that? "
Being attached to the Queen's person; or what, in your part
of the country, would be called a companion. "
<<
And is your father willing to let them use you
"Indeed!
that way? "
Irma, who was somewhat annoyed by her questions, said:—
## p. 973 (#399) ############################################
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
973
"I wished to ask you something-Can you write? "
"I once could, but I've quite forgotten how. "
"Then I've just hit it! that's the very reason for my coming
here. Now, whenever you wish to write home, you can dictate
your letter to me, and I will write whatever you tell me to. "
"I could have done that too," suggested Mademoiselle Kramer,
timidly; "and your Ladyship would not have needed to trouble
yourself. "
"No, the Countess will write for me.
Shall it be now? "
"Certainly. "
While she was in the
But Walpurga had to go to the child.
next room, Countess Irma and Mademoiselle Kramer engaged
each other in conversation.
When Walpurga returned, she found Irma, pen in hand, and
at once began to dictate.
Translation of S. A. Stern.
THE FIRST FALSE STEP
From On the Heights'
THE
HE ball was to be given in the palace and the adjoining win-
ter garden. The intendant now informed Irma of his plan,
and was delighted to find that she approved of it. At the
end of the garden he intended to erect a large fountain, orna-
mented with antique groups. In the foreground he meant to
have trees and shrubbery and various kinds of rocks, so that
none could approach too closely; and the background was to be
a Grecian landscape, painted in the grand style.
Irma promised to keep his secret. Suddenly she exclaimed,
"We are all of us no better than lackeys and kitchen-maids. We
are kept busy stewing, roasting, and cooking for weeks, in order
to prepare a dish that may please their Majesties. "
The intendant made no reply.
"Do you remember," continued Irma, "how, when we were
at the lake, we spoke of the fact that man possessed the advan-
tage of being able to change his dress, and thus to alter his
appearance? While yet a child, masquerading was my greatest
delight. The soul wings its flight in callow infancy. A bal
costume is indeed one of the noblest fruits of culture. The love
of coquetry which is innate with all of us displays itself there
undisguised. "
## p. 974 (#400) ############################################
974
BERTHOLD AUERBACH
The intendant took his leave.
While walking away, his mind.
was filled with his old thoughts about Irma.
"No," said he to himself, such a woman would be a constant
strain, and would require one to be brilliant and intellectual all
day long. She would exhaust one," said he, almost aloud.
No one knew what character Irma intended to appear in,
although many supposed that it would be as "Victory," since it
was well known that she had stood for the model of the statue
that surmounted the arsenal. They were busy conjecturing how
she could assume that character without violating the social
proprieties.
