' This, however, seems
referable
to St.
O'Hanlon - Lives of the Irish Saints - v3
d.
818, and to have died on the viii.
Kalends of April, at Auxerre, where he was buried in the church of St.
Amator.
^7 Quoting Arnold Wion, Thomas Dempster notices, at the 20th of March, a festival for Claudius, Bishop of Auxerre, and founder of the Pans Academy.
^^ This latter is confounded with our Clemens,^?
who, as it appears, lived on earth, until after the commencement of the ninth century.
Article III. —St. Himelinus, Confessor. On the authority ot Mo- lanus, at the 20th of March, St. Himelinus is entered in Henry Fitzsimons' Catalogue of Irish Saints. ^ He is, apparently, the saint mentioned already, at the loth day of this month.
Article IV. —St, Caman, or Conan, or Conarius, son of Corre. We find the name, Caman mac Corae, inserted in the Martyrology of Tallagh,' at the 20th of March. The BoUandists^ have the entry Conarius, son of Corra. The festival of Conan, son of Corre, is recorded in the Martyrology of Donegal,3 on this day.
Article V. —St. Aedhan, of Cluain-maelain, probably, Clon- MELLON, County of Westmeath. l"he Martyrology of Tallagh' records thisholyman,atthe20thotMarch. Theplacemaybeidenticalwiththat locality, formerly denominated Cluain-Milain, z>. , Milan's Lawn or Meadow,
Ecclesiastique," tome x. , liv. xlvi. , num. Libros Josuse, Judicum, Ruthae, et in
ix. , pp. 143, 144.
^' See the seventh Tome of his collected
" Summam quandum ;" Homilias ;" and
works, 270.
Scriptoribus Ecclesiasticis,
p.
Evangelistaram
^' For this statement, he quotes Claude
" De
"
" De Concordia. "
*3 Among those, which pass under his
"
Robert and Demochares, in Catalogus
Grammatica qusedam Collectanea;" and, he may
name, are "Sumnia Quasdam," and " De Episcoporum Antissiodorensium. "
'
Colgan, was a Spaniard. See " Acta Sanc-
torum Hibemiae," xx. Martii. De S. Cle-
mente —Claudio, prsenonune p. 703.
'
Article hi. See O'Sullevan Beare's
"Historiae Catholicse Hibernise Compen-
dium," tomus i. , lib. iv. , cap. xii. , p. 55, Article IV. —' Edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xix. In the Franciscan copy, the
entry seems to be CoriAnuf pi. Co|\j\4e.
^
See"ActaSanctorum,"tomusiii. , xx. Martii. Among the pretermitted sainis, p. 76.
^ Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
EvangelI staium Concordia ;" but, rather, it
is thought, these should be assigned to one
Clementus Canonicus Lanthoniensis, about
whom Bale writes. See "Scriptorum Claude, Bishop of Turin, who, according to
lUustrium Majoris Britannise," &c. Centur, 3, num. 2.
** Various \vriters have made him the
author of works, usually ascribed to Clau-
dius ; and, again, owing to this confusion, the latter has been supposed the writer of tracts, which perhaps Clemens wrote. See
"
Ecclesiastical History of Ireland," vol. lii. , chap, xx. , sect, iii. ,
and n. 25, pp. 214, 215. 219.
*5 See " De Scriptoribus Hibernise," lib.
i. , cap. v. , p. 41.
** In aduition to the work, " Commenta-
rium in S. Matlheum. " Claudius is said to have composed the following books: "In
Rev. Di. Lanigan's
omnes Epistolas S. Pauli ;"
Commentaria
Kelly, p. xix.
find ^iWAntif ©e CltiAin moetAin.
in Pentateuchum j"
"
" Commentaria in
Psalmos ;"
"
Memoriale Historiarum ;"
*^ "
See Bishop Forbes' Kalendars of
Scottish Saints,
^ He has been confounded, also, with
80, 81. Article v.
—'
Edited by Rev. Dr. * In the Franciscan copy, we
p. 195.
910 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [March 20.
now Clonmellon, a small town in the barony of Delvin, and county of West-
meath. ' Marianus O'Gorman records ^danus, of Cluain-moelain, at this
date. We find the name, Aedh^n, of Cluain-maeldin, also set down, in the
Martyrology of Donegal,3 as having a festival, at this date. The Bollandists* enter his feast, likewise, on the 20th of March.
, Article VI. —Muccin, or Muccinus. At this date, the Martyrology of Tallagh* and the Bollandists'^ record a festival, in honour of Muccin.
Article VII. —St. Cathcan, Bishop of Rath-derthaighe. A record
appears in the Martyrology of Tallagh,' at this same date, regarding a St. Catchan. There, his locality is designated, Ratha Turthaighe. The Bol- landists* record him, likewise, as Cathchan, of Rath-dertaighe. Under the head of Rath-Darthaighe,3 (or Derthaighe), Diiald Mac Firbis enters a Cath- chan—orperhapsCathchu—bishop,atMarch20th. * Likewise,onthisday, we find entered in the Martyrology of I)onegal,5 as having veneration paid him, a St. Cathcan,^ Bishop, of Rath-derthaighe.
Article VIII. —Festival of St. Polvcronus, and of his Com- panions, Martyrs. In the old Martyrology of Tallagh, as the Bollandists observe, the following holy Martyrs are set down, at this date, viz. : Gregory,
Commodus, Fiscianus, Pomerus, Policronus, Parraenus, Chrisotheus and Helius. * Among these, Policronus is noted as a bishop, and with special eulogy, by St. yEngus the Culdee, in his " Feilire. "" At the 19th of March, the Bollandists have treated of otlier Martyrs, in Africa ;3 and, among these, the name of a Fiscianus is to be found, but it does not seem certain, that he can be identified with one of the foregoing holy athletes of Christ.
Article IX. —St. Elimia, or Felimia. Such is the entry of the Bol- landists,' quoting as authorities the Martyrologies of Tallagh, and o-
» See Dr. O'Donovan's " Annals of the Four Masters," vol. i. , n. (o), p. 393.
3 Edited by Drs. Todd and Refeves, pp.
80, 81. *See"ActaSanctorum,"tomusiii. , xx.
Martii. Among the pretermitted saints, p. 76.
' In the table, subjoined to this Martyr- ology, he is likewise called Catallus, i. e. Cathal,
'
Article viii. — See "Acta Sancto-
rum," tomus iii. , Martii xx. Among the pretermitted saints, p. 76.
Article vi.
—
'
Edited by Rev. Dr.
translation, has been obligingly furnished,
Professor — from the "Lcabhar by O'Looney,
Kelly, p.
also find muccinu|*.
Breac" copy
xix.
In the Franciscan
copy,
we
'See"ActaSanctorum,"tomusiii. , xx. Martii. Among the pretermitted saints,
b.
0C111.
:
kl.
ecfechc potic^NOiii noem efpuc if catjo
CechAitig ceim aj* '01^^5U Co moT> fl-^^S b<it)An«.
*' Death of Policronus
A holy bi^hcip who chastest, He proceeded in the
straightest way
With a great host who were
bravest. "
p. 76. — Article vii.
'
CAchchoirtui* 'oe TlAch 'OeAi\CAi5Vie.
' See "Acta Sanctorum," lomus iii. , xx.
Martii. Among the pretermitted saints, p. 76.
3 This place has not been identified, ac-
Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xix. In the Franciscan copy, it is
cording to William M. Hennessy's note. "
Edited by
* See Proceedings of the l<oyal Irish Academy. " Irish MSS. Series, vol. i. , part i. , pp. 124, 125. See, also, Colgan's "Trias Thauaiaturga. " nn. 22, 23, p. 173.
3 See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus iii. , Martii xix. De Sanctis Martyribus Afris Basso seu Bassio et aliis . \x, Lucello, Fis- ciano, Pomeno, Jossero seu Josippo, Apol-
s Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp. 80,81.
"
The following stanza, with its English
March 20. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 911
Marianus O'Gorman, at the 20th of March. Yet, the name occurs not, either in Rev. Dr. Kelly's published copy, nor in the Manuscript copy of the Tallagh Martyrology, as preserved in the Franciscan Library, Dublin.
Article X. —Reputed Festival of Lactinus, or Lacinus, a Bishop AND Confessor, in Ireland. According to the Manuscript of Florarius, as also according to Ferarius and Dempster, the feast of Lacinus, or Lactinus, a bishop, and in Scotia, or Hibernia, belongs to the 20th of March.
' This, however, seems referable to St. Lactin, Abbot and Bishop, at Freshford, in Ireland, and who has been abready noticed at the preceding day. ^
Article XI. —Reputed Festival of St. Mochta, Bishop of Lugh-
magh, or Louth, County of Louth. {Fifth Century. \ Under the head
of Lughmhagh, now known as Louth, Duald Mac Firbis enters, Mochta,
bishop, from Lughmhagh, and it is noticed, that 300 years was his age. March* 20th seems to follow. ^
Article XII. —St. Cormanus, or Cornanus.
\Seventh Century^ According to Camerarius, a St. Cormanus, or Cornanus, was the first Apostle of the Northumbrians,' before St. Aidan, about the year 638. He is said to have been of an austere cast of mind,^ and his feast is set down at this day. If
the premises be correct, he may have been an Irish missionary, perhaps from lona.
Ctoentp-'firsit 2Bap of i^arrft^
ARTICLE I. —ST. ENDEUS OR ENDA, ABBOT OF ARRAN, COUNTY OF GALWAY.
{FIFTH AND SIXTH CENTURIES. "^
CHAPTER I.
INTRODUCTION—birth AND FAMILY OF ST. ENDEUS—HE SUCCEEDS HIS FATHER AS REGULUS OF ORIEL—HE IS PERSUADED TO BECOME A RELIGIOUS—HE VISITS ROSNAT and ROME—he IS ORDAINIiD PRIEST, AND HE RETURNS TO IRKLAND, WHERE HE FOUNDS MONASTERIES— FROM HIS BROTHER-IN-LAW, /ENGUS, KiNG OF MUNSTER, HE OBTAINS A GRANT OF THE ARAN ISLANDS.
F*^ARLY
light currachs, the little harbour of
on a warm summer day,' the writer selected one of those canvas-covered and which lay near
lonio, Animono Saturnine, Basilia et aliis
vii. , p. 26. —' Article ix.
effaced, in the original Manuscript. August igth is the festival for St. Mochta, in the
Martyrology of Donegal, and in the Martyr- ology of Tamlacht.
See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus iii. , XX. Martii. Among the preter-
mitted — saints," p. 76.
Article x.
==
See "Proceedings of the Royal Irish
| "Kalendars of Scottish
i. ,
Saints," p. 195. »"
part i. , pp. 118, 119.
Article xil. —' See Bishop Forbes'
"Kalendarsof ScottishSaints," pp. 236, 316.
»
bee Bellenden's Boece, vol. ii. , cap. ix. . 19.
See, also, the Boilandists' Acta Sane- torum," tomus iii. , Martii xx. Among the pretermitted saints, p. 76.
'
Article xi. — March 20th is partly
See
Bishop
Forbes'
Irish MSS. Academy. " Series,
vol,
912 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [March 21.
Doolin,^ and off the west coast of Clare. Taking the boat on his shoulders, a fisherman tossed it afloat on the sea. With scarcely a breeze to ruffle the surface of the Atlantic ocean, two vigorous boatmen next drew their oars through the deep, calm waters, and bore away in the direction of the Aran Islands, the distance across the waves being about nine English miles. A warm haze veiled the group in dark, misty outlines, nor was the landward prospect clear, to obtain a good view of the grand cliffs at Moher, and the far-off mountains in Connemara, as the frail skiff skimmed along with in- crediblespeedandbuoyancyfromtheshore. Afterrowingforonehourand ten minutes, we landed on Innishere, or the south-eastern island, in a little sandy cove, under the beautiful old church of St. Kevin. Soon were we surrounded by several of the islanders, and thus accompanied, we were en- abled for some hours to ramble over this island, and to obtain a sketch of that ruin, which had most engaged our attention. Another debarkation brought us to Innishmaan, or the Middle Island, whirh was explored in like manner, while the great Cyclopean fortress of Dun Connor was a chief object of wonder. Towards evening, it was time to embark for Aranmore 3 and, there, during a sojourn of four days, we were busily and delightedly occupied with the numerous antiquities scattered over its surface, not the least interest- ing of which was that old church of Killeany, rendered so venerable, owing to its connexion with the holy founder Endeus. His Acts we shall here en- deavour to unveil.
Manuscript copies of St. Endaeus' Life are extant. 3 One of these,^ the
—of which has been att—ributed to
authorship Augustine Magraidin,
we find
s
published with some omissions by Colgan,* with Apjiendices and notes
"
in illustration. In the Dublin Franciscan Convent Manuscript, Vitae
Sanctorum," ex Cod. Inisensi, is no\v the Latin Life of St. Endeus, Abbot,'
which Colgan has published. Besides, the latter writer states, that a copy of St. Endeus' Office was reported to have been preserved, in the county of
Galway, at that time ; while, the Rt. Rev. David Rothe, Bishop of Ossory, was thought to have had a Life ot Endeus in his possession. Selecting the Man—uscript,^ taken from the Book of All Saints' Island, for illustrating his
—h a
versions the Bollandists have published Acts of this saint, comments pre- ceding them, in eight sections. '" In various collections of the Lives of holy persons, the Acts of St. Endeus are included, at this date. Among the more modern ones may be noted. Bishop Challenor," Rev. Alban Butler," the Cistercian Monk,'3 L. Tachet de Barneval,'* and Rev. S. Baring-Gould,'S who acknowledges his indebtedness to Rt. Rev. George Conroy, late Bishop
life wit
Article i. — Chapter i. — 'In the
preliminary chapter,
month of June, 1877, during a sojourn at springs.
' A townland, in the parish of Killilagh, in the barony ol Corcomroe, shown on the •' Ordnance Survey Townland Maps for the County of Clare," Sheets 8, 14.
and somewhat
from
differing Colgan's
^ From pp. 291 to 304.
the Lisdooiivarna ^ Furnished Fatner Ward.
3 In thepublic library, at Oxford, are found
the following : Vita S. Endei Abbatis Ara-
nensis. MS. Bodl. Rawl. B. 505, pp. 1-8,
veil. foi. dble. cols. xiv. cent. ; and MS. and other principal Saints," vol iii. , March
Bodl. Rawl. B. 4S5, f. 179, veil. 4to, xiv. cent.
Taken from the Manuscript Book of the Island of All Saints, on Lough Ree.
21.
'3 At p. 382.
' See " Histoire Legendaire de I'Irlande,"
s Oneortwo were chapters
mislaid, among
chap, xiv. , pp. 443 to 448.
'^ See "Lives of the vol. Saints,"
iii. ,
Colgan s papers, at the time of public. ition. f See "Acta Sanctorum Hibemise," xxi.
March 21, pp. 376 to 387.
'* This at firet appeared, in the "Irish
Martii. Vita S. Endei, pp. 704 to 715.
by Hugh
' This publication, the Bollandists deemed
to be con usedly compiled.
'° See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus iii. ,
" In " Britannia Sancta," part i. , p. 199. " See " Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs,
Martii xxi. De S. Endeo Abbate Aranensi in Hibernia, pp. 267 to 274.
March 21. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 913
of Ardagh, for his charming brochure,^^ " A Visit to Aran-More. " ^^ From
the latter source, Ukewise, tlie present writer has drawn some of his
materials, for the present brief biography.
This holy man's name is written in Irish, Einne'^ and Ende, while in
Latin, it is Endeus, as also Enna, and it is pronounced Eany, by the Araners/y For many early particulars of his Acts, the reader is referred to the Life of St. Fanchea, written for the ist of January. There, we learn, that his father was Conall Derg, son of Daimhin, son to Coirpre Domhairgid. He sprung from the race of CoUa-da-chrioch, Aebhfhinn, daughter of Ain- mire, son to Honin, King of the Ards, was his mother, and also the mother of Libae, as the O'Clery's Martyrology takes care to notice,^° St. Endeus, who is incorrectly placed by Colgan, among the disciples of St. Patrick, be- cause he is said to have flourished in his time, is called Mac hua-l)aimene, or nepos Dameni. *' He was the only son to Conall, King of Oriel. His territories included the modern counties of Louth, of Monaghan, of Armagh, and of Fermanagh. The sisters of Endeus were Saints Fanchea, or Fainc," Locliina, Carecha,*^ and Darenia,** Endeus was born in Oriel, about the middle of the fifth century ; but, his acephalous Acts do not furnish the particulars of his boyhood's years, nor are they supplied, in the more com- plete Bollandist version. Being especially distinguished for daring and courage, as a soldier, on the death of his father, the youthful Enda was chosen to succeed him, in the little kingdom of Oriel, so called from its lying southwards, in reference to more northern regions.
His holy sister, Fanchea, who greatly loved him, was incessant in her exertionstogainherbrother'sheartforthewelfareoftheChurch. Withall his detects of character, she knew Enda to be chivalrous and pure. For a time, her words of warning and entreaty remained without apparent result. However, the season of grace came, when Enda had asked from his sister in marriage one of the royal maidens, under her care. These were receiving their education in that convent, over which she presided. In the Life of St. Fanchea,'5 we have already related the miraculous occurrence, which led her brother to renounce all worldly care and ambition, in order to embrace the religious state. Enda had resigned his heirship to a kingdom, and the great wealthofhispatrimonyforGod'ssake. Then,atthepressingsolicitationsofSt.
and at the hands of some "^ he took the monk's habit spiritual father,
Fanchea,
and tonsure, for what the tonsure signified, he fulfilled by his actions. "^ The
holy man resolved on founding a monastery, within his patrimonial district, and at the foot of the mountain Bregh, on the confines of Ulster. Here he
was director and aconomus of the workmen ; but, it does not appear, that he
had actually presided over a monastery, in the place, although deriving name from him, apparently as a founder. Some curious remains are extant, near
EcclesiasticalRecord,"vol. vii. ,Oct. ,1870, part i. , pp. 19 to 31, and Dec, 1870, part ii. , pp. 105 to 123.
^^ Published by Messrs. Brown and Nolan, Dublin, 1870, 8vo
=' "
See TriasThaumaturga,"QuintaAp-
pendixadActa S. Patricii, cap. xxiii. , p. 268. " Her fe. ist occurs, on the 1st of January. '3 Her festival has been assigned, to the
9th of February.
^* ^he is said to have been wife to
'* See*' A
West or H-lar Lonnaught," by Roderic ^ngus, King of Cashel. His death is
Chorogiaphical Description
of
O'Flaherty, Esq. , edited by James Hardi- man, M. R. I. A. , n, (ti), p. 79
'9 Colgan endeavours to account for the
derivation of this name, but jectural and doubtful manner.
^ Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp. 82, 83.
placed, by the Four Masters, in the year 489.
Article III. —St. Himelinus, Confessor. On the authority ot Mo- lanus, at the 20th of March, St. Himelinus is entered in Henry Fitzsimons' Catalogue of Irish Saints. ^ He is, apparently, the saint mentioned already, at the loth day of this month.
Article IV. —St, Caman, or Conan, or Conarius, son of Corre. We find the name, Caman mac Corae, inserted in the Martyrology of Tallagh,' at the 20th of March. The BoUandists^ have the entry Conarius, son of Corra. The festival of Conan, son of Corre, is recorded in the Martyrology of Donegal,3 on this day.
Article V. —St. Aedhan, of Cluain-maelain, probably, Clon- MELLON, County of Westmeath. l"he Martyrology of Tallagh' records thisholyman,atthe20thotMarch. Theplacemaybeidenticalwiththat locality, formerly denominated Cluain-Milain, z>. , Milan's Lawn or Meadow,
Ecclesiastique," tome x. , liv. xlvi. , num. Libros Josuse, Judicum, Ruthae, et in
ix. , pp. 143, 144.
^' See the seventh Tome of his collected
" Summam quandum ;" Homilias ;" and
works, 270.
Scriptoribus Ecclesiasticis,
p.
Evangelistaram
^' For this statement, he quotes Claude
" De
"
" De Concordia. "
*3 Among those, which pass under his
"
Robert and Demochares, in Catalogus
Grammatica qusedam Collectanea;" and, he may
name, are "Sumnia Quasdam," and " De Episcoporum Antissiodorensium. "
'
Colgan, was a Spaniard. See " Acta Sanc-
torum Hibemiae," xx. Martii. De S. Cle-
mente —Claudio, prsenonune p. 703.
'
Article hi. See O'Sullevan Beare's
"Historiae Catholicse Hibernise Compen-
dium," tomus i. , lib. iv. , cap. xii. , p. 55, Article IV. —' Edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xix. In the Franciscan copy, the
entry seems to be CoriAnuf pi. Co|\j\4e.
^
See"ActaSanctorum,"tomusiii. , xx. Martii. Among the pretermitted sainis, p. 76.
^ Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
EvangelI staium Concordia ;" but, rather, it
is thought, these should be assigned to one
Clementus Canonicus Lanthoniensis, about
whom Bale writes. See "Scriptorum Claude, Bishop of Turin, who, according to
lUustrium Majoris Britannise," &c. Centur, 3, num. 2.
** Various \vriters have made him the
author of works, usually ascribed to Clau-
dius ; and, again, owing to this confusion, the latter has been supposed the writer of tracts, which perhaps Clemens wrote. See
"
Ecclesiastical History of Ireland," vol. lii. , chap, xx. , sect, iii. ,
and n. 25, pp. 214, 215. 219.
*5 See " De Scriptoribus Hibernise," lib.
i. , cap. v. , p. 41.
** In aduition to the work, " Commenta-
rium in S. Matlheum. " Claudius is said to have composed the following books: "In
Rev. Di. Lanigan's
omnes Epistolas S. Pauli ;"
Commentaria
Kelly, p. xix.
find ^iWAntif ©e CltiAin moetAin.
in Pentateuchum j"
"
" Commentaria in
Psalmos ;"
"
Memoriale Historiarum ;"
*^ "
See Bishop Forbes' Kalendars of
Scottish Saints,
^ He has been confounded, also, with
80, 81. Article v.
—'
Edited by Rev. Dr. * In the Franciscan copy, we
p. 195.
910 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [March 20.
now Clonmellon, a small town in the barony of Delvin, and county of West-
meath. ' Marianus O'Gorman records ^danus, of Cluain-moelain, at this
date. We find the name, Aedh^n, of Cluain-maeldin, also set down, in the
Martyrology of Donegal,3 as having a festival, at this date. The Bollandists* enter his feast, likewise, on the 20th of March.
, Article VI. —Muccin, or Muccinus. At this date, the Martyrology of Tallagh* and the Bollandists'^ record a festival, in honour of Muccin.
Article VII. —St. Cathcan, Bishop of Rath-derthaighe. A record
appears in the Martyrology of Tallagh,' at this same date, regarding a St. Catchan. There, his locality is designated, Ratha Turthaighe. The Bol- landists* record him, likewise, as Cathchan, of Rath-dertaighe. Under the head of Rath-Darthaighe,3 (or Derthaighe), Diiald Mac Firbis enters a Cath- chan—orperhapsCathchu—bishop,atMarch20th. * Likewise,onthisday, we find entered in the Martyrology of I)onegal,5 as having veneration paid him, a St. Cathcan,^ Bishop, of Rath-derthaighe.
Article VIII. —Festival of St. Polvcronus, and of his Com- panions, Martyrs. In the old Martyrology of Tallagh, as the Bollandists observe, the following holy Martyrs are set down, at this date, viz. : Gregory,
Commodus, Fiscianus, Pomerus, Policronus, Parraenus, Chrisotheus and Helius. * Among these, Policronus is noted as a bishop, and with special eulogy, by St. yEngus the Culdee, in his " Feilire. "" At the 19th of March, the Bollandists have treated of otlier Martyrs, in Africa ;3 and, among these, the name of a Fiscianus is to be found, but it does not seem certain, that he can be identified with one of the foregoing holy athletes of Christ.
Article IX. —St. Elimia, or Felimia. Such is the entry of the Bol- landists,' quoting as authorities the Martyrologies of Tallagh, and o-
» See Dr. O'Donovan's " Annals of the Four Masters," vol. i. , n. (o), p. 393.
3 Edited by Drs. Todd and Refeves, pp.
80, 81. *See"ActaSanctorum,"tomusiii. , xx.
Martii. Among the pretermitted saints, p. 76.
' In the table, subjoined to this Martyr- ology, he is likewise called Catallus, i. e. Cathal,
'
Article viii. — See "Acta Sancto-
rum," tomus iii. , Martii xx. Among the pretermitted saints, p. 76.
Article vi.
—
'
Edited by Rev. Dr.
translation, has been obligingly furnished,
Professor — from the "Lcabhar by O'Looney,
Kelly, p.
also find muccinu|*.
Breac" copy
xix.
In the Franciscan
copy,
we
'See"ActaSanctorum,"tomusiii. , xx. Martii. Among the pretermitted saints,
b.
0C111.
:
kl.
ecfechc potic^NOiii noem efpuc if catjo
CechAitig ceim aj* '01^^5U Co moT> fl-^^S b<it)An«.
*' Death of Policronus
A holy bi^hcip who chastest, He proceeded in the
straightest way
With a great host who were
bravest. "
p. 76. — Article vii.
'
CAchchoirtui* 'oe TlAch 'OeAi\CAi5Vie.
' See "Acta Sanctorum," lomus iii. , xx.
Martii. Among the pretermitted saints, p. 76.
3 This place has not been identified, ac-
Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xix. In the Franciscan copy, it is
cording to William M. Hennessy's note. "
Edited by
* See Proceedings of the l<oyal Irish Academy. " Irish MSS. Series, vol. i. , part i. , pp. 124, 125. See, also, Colgan's "Trias Thauaiaturga. " nn. 22, 23, p. 173.
3 See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus iii. , Martii xix. De Sanctis Martyribus Afris Basso seu Bassio et aliis . \x, Lucello, Fis- ciano, Pomeno, Jossero seu Josippo, Apol-
s Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp. 80,81.
"
The following stanza, with its English
March 20. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 911
Marianus O'Gorman, at the 20th of March. Yet, the name occurs not, either in Rev. Dr. Kelly's published copy, nor in the Manuscript copy of the Tallagh Martyrology, as preserved in the Franciscan Library, Dublin.
Article X. —Reputed Festival of Lactinus, or Lacinus, a Bishop AND Confessor, in Ireland. According to the Manuscript of Florarius, as also according to Ferarius and Dempster, the feast of Lacinus, or Lactinus, a bishop, and in Scotia, or Hibernia, belongs to the 20th of March.
' This, however, seems referable to St. Lactin, Abbot and Bishop, at Freshford, in Ireland, and who has been abready noticed at the preceding day. ^
Article XI. —Reputed Festival of St. Mochta, Bishop of Lugh-
magh, or Louth, County of Louth. {Fifth Century. \ Under the head
of Lughmhagh, now known as Louth, Duald Mac Firbis enters, Mochta,
bishop, from Lughmhagh, and it is noticed, that 300 years was his age. March* 20th seems to follow. ^
Article XII. —St. Cormanus, or Cornanus.
\Seventh Century^ According to Camerarius, a St. Cormanus, or Cornanus, was the first Apostle of the Northumbrians,' before St. Aidan, about the year 638. He is said to have been of an austere cast of mind,^ and his feast is set down at this day. If
the premises be correct, he may have been an Irish missionary, perhaps from lona.
Ctoentp-'firsit 2Bap of i^arrft^
ARTICLE I. —ST. ENDEUS OR ENDA, ABBOT OF ARRAN, COUNTY OF GALWAY.
{FIFTH AND SIXTH CENTURIES. "^
CHAPTER I.
INTRODUCTION—birth AND FAMILY OF ST. ENDEUS—HE SUCCEEDS HIS FATHER AS REGULUS OF ORIEL—HE IS PERSUADED TO BECOME A RELIGIOUS—HE VISITS ROSNAT and ROME—he IS ORDAINIiD PRIEST, AND HE RETURNS TO IRKLAND, WHERE HE FOUNDS MONASTERIES— FROM HIS BROTHER-IN-LAW, /ENGUS, KiNG OF MUNSTER, HE OBTAINS A GRANT OF THE ARAN ISLANDS.
F*^ARLY
light currachs, the little harbour of
on a warm summer day,' the writer selected one of those canvas-covered and which lay near
lonio, Animono Saturnine, Basilia et aliis
vii. , p. 26. —' Article ix.
effaced, in the original Manuscript. August igth is the festival for St. Mochta, in the
Martyrology of Donegal, and in the Martyr- ology of Tamlacht.
See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus iii. , XX. Martii. Among the preter-
mitted — saints," p. 76.
Article x.
==
See "Proceedings of the Royal Irish
| "Kalendars of Scottish
i. ,
Saints," p. 195. »"
part i. , pp. 118, 119.
Article xil. —' See Bishop Forbes'
"Kalendarsof ScottishSaints," pp. 236, 316.
»
bee Bellenden's Boece, vol. ii. , cap. ix. . 19.
See, also, the Boilandists' Acta Sane- torum," tomus iii. , Martii xx. Among the pretermitted saints, p. 76.
'
Article xi. — March 20th is partly
See
Bishop
Forbes'
Irish MSS. Academy. " Series,
vol,
912 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [March 21.
Doolin,^ and off the west coast of Clare. Taking the boat on his shoulders, a fisherman tossed it afloat on the sea. With scarcely a breeze to ruffle the surface of the Atlantic ocean, two vigorous boatmen next drew their oars through the deep, calm waters, and bore away in the direction of the Aran Islands, the distance across the waves being about nine English miles. A warm haze veiled the group in dark, misty outlines, nor was the landward prospect clear, to obtain a good view of the grand cliffs at Moher, and the far-off mountains in Connemara, as the frail skiff skimmed along with in- crediblespeedandbuoyancyfromtheshore. Afterrowingforonehourand ten minutes, we landed on Innishere, or the south-eastern island, in a little sandy cove, under the beautiful old church of St. Kevin. Soon were we surrounded by several of the islanders, and thus accompanied, we were en- abled for some hours to ramble over this island, and to obtain a sketch of that ruin, which had most engaged our attention. Another debarkation brought us to Innishmaan, or the Middle Island, whirh was explored in like manner, while the great Cyclopean fortress of Dun Connor was a chief object of wonder. Towards evening, it was time to embark for Aranmore 3 and, there, during a sojourn of four days, we were busily and delightedly occupied with the numerous antiquities scattered over its surface, not the least interest- ing of which was that old church of Killeany, rendered so venerable, owing to its connexion with the holy founder Endeus. His Acts we shall here en- deavour to unveil.
Manuscript copies of St. Endaeus' Life are extant. 3 One of these,^ the
—of which has been att—ributed to
authorship Augustine Magraidin,
we find
s
published with some omissions by Colgan,* with Apjiendices and notes
"
in illustration. In the Dublin Franciscan Convent Manuscript, Vitae
Sanctorum," ex Cod. Inisensi, is no\v the Latin Life of St. Endeus, Abbot,'
which Colgan has published. Besides, the latter writer states, that a copy of St. Endeus' Office was reported to have been preserved, in the county of
Galway, at that time ; while, the Rt. Rev. David Rothe, Bishop of Ossory, was thought to have had a Life ot Endeus in his possession. Selecting the Man—uscript,^ taken from the Book of All Saints' Island, for illustrating his
—h a
versions the Bollandists have published Acts of this saint, comments pre- ceding them, in eight sections. '" In various collections of the Lives of holy persons, the Acts of St. Endeus are included, at this date. Among the more modern ones may be noted. Bishop Challenor," Rev. Alban Butler," the Cistercian Monk,'3 L. Tachet de Barneval,'* and Rev. S. Baring-Gould,'S who acknowledges his indebtedness to Rt. Rev. George Conroy, late Bishop
life wit
Article i. — Chapter i. — 'In the
preliminary chapter,
month of June, 1877, during a sojourn at springs.
' A townland, in the parish of Killilagh, in the barony ol Corcomroe, shown on the •' Ordnance Survey Townland Maps for the County of Clare," Sheets 8, 14.
and somewhat
from
differing Colgan's
^ From pp. 291 to 304.
the Lisdooiivarna ^ Furnished Fatner Ward.
3 In thepublic library, at Oxford, are found
the following : Vita S. Endei Abbatis Ara-
nensis. MS. Bodl. Rawl. B. 505, pp. 1-8,
veil. foi. dble. cols. xiv. cent. ; and MS. and other principal Saints," vol iii. , March
Bodl. Rawl. B. 4S5, f. 179, veil. 4to, xiv. cent.
Taken from the Manuscript Book of the Island of All Saints, on Lough Ree.
21.
'3 At p. 382.
' See " Histoire Legendaire de I'Irlande,"
s Oneortwo were chapters
mislaid, among
chap, xiv. , pp. 443 to 448.
'^ See "Lives of the vol. Saints,"
iii. ,
Colgan s papers, at the time of public. ition. f See "Acta Sanctorum Hibemise," xxi.
March 21, pp. 376 to 387.
'* This at firet appeared, in the "Irish
Martii. Vita S. Endei, pp. 704 to 715.
by Hugh
' This publication, the Bollandists deemed
to be con usedly compiled.
'° See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus iii. ,
" In " Britannia Sancta," part i. , p. 199. " See " Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs,
Martii xxi. De S. Endeo Abbate Aranensi in Hibernia, pp. 267 to 274.
March 21. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 913
of Ardagh, for his charming brochure,^^ " A Visit to Aran-More. " ^^ From
the latter source, Ukewise, tlie present writer has drawn some of his
materials, for the present brief biography.
This holy man's name is written in Irish, Einne'^ and Ende, while in
Latin, it is Endeus, as also Enna, and it is pronounced Eany, by the Araners/y For many early particulars of his Acts, the reader is referred to the Life of St. Fanchea, written for the ist of January. There, we learn, that his father was Conall Derg, son of Daimhin, son to Coirpre Domhairgid. He sprung from the race of CoUa-da-chrioch, Aebhfhinn, daughter of Ain- mire, son to Honin, King of the Ards, was his mother, and also the mother of Libae, as the O'Clery's Martyrology takes care to notice,^° St. Endeus, who is incorrectly placed by Colgan, among the disciples of St. Patrick, be- cause he is said to have flourished in his time, is called Mac hua-l)aimene, or nepos Dameni. *' He was the only son to Conall, King of Oriel. His territories included the modern counties of Louth, of Monaghan, of Armagh, and of Fermanagh. The sisters of Endeus were Saints Fanchea, or Fainc," Locliina, Carecha,*^ and Darenia,** Endeus was born in Oriel, about the middle of the fifth century ; but, his acephalous Acts do not furnish the particulars of his boyhood's years, nor are they supplied, in the more com- plete Bollandist version. Being especially distinguished for daring and courage, as a soldier, on the death of his father, the youthful Enda was chosen to succeed him, in the little kingdom of Oriel, so called from its lying southwards, in reference to more northern regions.
His holy sister, Fanchea, who greatly loved him, was incessant in her exertionstogainherbrother'sheartforthewelfareoftheChurch. Withall his detects of character, she knew Enda to be chivalrous and pure. For a time, her words of warning and entreaty remained without apparent result. However, the season of grace came, when Enda had asked from his sister in marriage one of the royal maidens, under her care. These were receiving their education in that convent, over which she presided. In the Life of St. Fanchea,'5 we have already related the miraculous occurrence, which led her brother to renounce all worldly care and ambition, in order to embrace the religious state. Enda had resigned his heirship to a kingdom, and the great wealthofhispatrimonyforGod'ssake. Then,atthepressingsolicitationsofSt.
and at the hands of some "^ he took the monk's habit spiritual father,
Fanchea,
and tonsure, for what the tonsure signified, he fulfilled by his actions. "^ The
holy man resolved on founding a monastery, within his patrimonial district, and at the foot of the mountain Bregh, on the confines of Ulster. Here he
was director and aconomus of the workmen ; but, it does not appear, that he
had actually presided over a monastery, in the place, although deriving name from him, apparently as a founder. Some curious remains are extant, near
EcclesiasticalRecord,"vol. vii. ,Oct. ,1870, part i. , pp. 19 to 31, and Dec, 1870, part ii. , pp. 105 to 123.
^^ Published by Messrs. Brown and Nolan, Dublin, 1870, 8vo
=' "
See TriasThaumaturga,"QuintaAp-
pendixadActa S. Patricii, cap. xxiii. , p. 268. " Her fe. ist occurs, on the 1st of January. '3 Her festival has been assigned, to the
9th of February.
^* ^he is said to have been wife to
'* See*' A
West or H-lar Lonnaught," by Roderic ^ngus, King of Cashel. His death is
Chorogiaphical Description
of
O'Flaherty, Esq. , edited by James Hardi- man, M. R. I. A. , n, (ti), p. 79
'9 Colgan endeavours to account for the
derivation of this name, but jectural and doubtful manner.
^ Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp. 82, 83.
placed, by the Four Masters, in the year 489.
