ǣghwæðrum
wæs brōga fram ōðrum, _to each
of the two_ (Bēowulf and the drake) _was fear of the other_, 2565; gen.
of the two_ (Bēowulf and the drake) _was fear of the other_, 2565; gen.
Beowulf
pl.
mid ārstafum,
317. --_Help, support_: dat. pl. for ār-stafum, _to the assistance_, 382,
458. See stæf.
āter-tēar, m. , _poisonous drop_: dat. pl. īren āter-tēarum fāh (steel which
is dipped in poison or in poisonous sap of plants), 1460.
Æ
æðele, adj. , _noble_: nom. sg. , of Bēowulf, 198, 1313; of Bēowulf's father,
263, where it can be understood as well in a moral as in a genealogical
sense; the latter prevails decidedly in the gen. sg. æðelan cynnes, 2235.
æðeling, st. m. , _nobleman, man of noble descent_, especially the
appellation of a man of royal birth; so of the kings of the Danes, 3; of
Scyld, 33; of Hrōðgār, 130; of Sigemund, 889; of Bēowulf, 1226, 1245, 1597,
1816, 2189, 2343, 2375, 2425, 2716, 3136; perhaps also of Dæghrefn,
2507;--then, in a broader sense, also denoting other noble-born men:
Æschere, 1295; Hrōðgār's courtiers, 118, 983; Heremōd's courtiers, 907;
Hengest's warriors, 1113; Bēowulf's retinue, 1805, 1921, 3172; noble-born
in general, 2889. --Comp. sib-æðeling.
æðelu, st. n. , only in the pl. , _noble descent, nobility_, in the sense of
noble lineage: acc. pl. æðelu, 392; dat. pl. cyning æðelum gōd, _the king,
of noble birth_, 1871; æðelum dīore, _worthy on account of noble lineage_,
1950; æðelum (hǣleþum, MS. ), 332. --Comp. fæder-æðelu.
æfnan, w. v. w. acc. , _to perform, to carry out, to accomplish_: inf.
ellen-weorc æfnan, _to do a heroic deed_, 1465; pret. unriht æfnde,
_perpetrated wrong_, 1255.
ge-æfnan, 1) _to carry out, to do, to accomplish_: pret. pl. þæt geæfndon
swā, _so carried that out_, 538; pret. part. āð wæs geæfned, _the oath was
sworn_, 1108. --2) _get ready, prepare_: pret. part. geæfned, 3107. See
efnan.
æfter (comparative of af, Ags. of, which see; hence it expresses the idea
of _forth, away, from, back_), a) adv. , _thereupon, afterwards_, 12, 341,
1390, 2155. --ic him æfter sceal, _I shall go after them_, 2817; in word
æfter cwæð, 315, the sense seems to be, _spoke back, having turned_; b)
prep. w. dat. , 1) (temporal) _after_, 119, 128, 187, 825, 1939, etc. ; æfter
beorne, _after the_ (death of) _the hero_, 2261, so 2262; æfter
māððum-welan, _after_ (obtaining) _the treasure_, 2751. --2) (causal) as
proceeding from something, denoting result and purpose, hence, _in
consequence of, conformably to_: æfter rihte, _in accordance with right_,
1050, 2111; æfter faroðe, _with the current_, 580; so 1321, 1721, 1944,
2180, etc. , æfter heaðo-swāte, _in consequence of the blood of battle_,
1607; æfter wælnīðe, _in consequence of mortal enmity_, 85; _in accordance
with, on account of, after, about_: æfter æðelum (hǣleþum, MS. )frægn,
_asked about the descent_, 332; ne frīn þū æfter sǣlum, _ask not after my
welfare_, 1323; æfter sincgyfan grēoteð, _weeps for the giver of treasure_,
1343; him æfter dēorum men dyrne langað, _longs in secret for the dear
man_, 1880; ān æfter ānum, _one for the other_, 2462, etc. --3) (local),
_along_: æfter gumcynnum, _throughout the races of men, among men_, 945;
sōhte bed æfter būrum, _sought a bed among the rooms of the castle_ (the
castle was fortified, the hall was not), 140; æfter recede wlāt, _looked
along the hall_, 1573; stone æfter stāne, _smelt along the rocks_, 2289;
æfter lyfte, _along the air through the air_, 2833; similarly, 996, 1068,
1317, etc.
æf-þunca, w. m. , _anger, chagrin, vexatious affair_: nom. , 502.
ge-æhtan, w. v. , _to prize, to speak in praise of_: pret. part. geæhted,
1866.
ge-æhtla, w. m. , or ge-æhtle, w. f. , _a speaking of with praise, high
esteem_: gen. sg. hȳ . . . wyrðe þinceað eorla geæhtlan, _seem worthy of the
high esteem of the noble-born_, 369.
æglǣcea. See āglǣcea.
æl-fylce (from æl-, Goth. ali-s, ἄλλος, and fylce, O. N. fylki, collective
form from folc), st. n. , _other folk, hostile army_: dat. pl. wið ælfylcum,
2372.
æl-mihtig (for eal-m. ), adj. , _almighty_: nom. sg. m. , of the weak form, se
æl-mihtiga, 92.
æl-wiht, st. m. , _being of another species, monster_: gen. pl. æl-wihta
eard, of the dwelling-place of Grendel's kindred, 1501.
æppel-fealu, adj. , _dappled sorrel_, or _apple-yellow_: nom. pl.
æppel-fealuwe mēaras, _apple-yellow steeds_, 2166.
ærn, st. n. , _house_, in the compounds heal-, hord-, medo-, þrȳð-,
win-ærn.
æsc, st. m. , _ash_ (does not occur in Bēowulf in this sense), _lance,
spear_, because the shaft consists of ash wood: dat. pl. (quā instr. ) æscum
and ecgum, _with spears and swords_, 1773.
æsc-holt, st. n. , _ash wood, ashen shaft_: nom. pl. æsc-holt ufan grǣg,
_the ashen shafts gray above_ (spears with iron points), 330.
æsc-wiga, w. m. , _spear-fighter, warrior armed with the spear_: nom. sg. ,
2043.
æt, prep. w. dat. , with the fundamental meaning of nearness to something,
hence 1) local, a) _with, near, at, on, in_ (rest): æt hȳðe, in _harbor_,
32; æt symle, _at the meal_, 81, æt āde, _on the funeral-pile_, 1111, 1115;
æt þē ānum, _with thee alone_, 1378; æt wīge, _in the fight_, 1338; æt
hilde, 1660, 2682; æt ǣte, _in eating_, 3027, etc. b) _to, towards, at, on_
(motion to): dēaðes wylm hrān æt heortan, _seized upon the heart_, 2271;
gehēton æt hærgtrafum, _vowed at_ (or _to_) _the temples of the gods_, 175.
c) with verbs of taking away, _away from_ (as starting from near an
object): geþeah þæt ful æt Wealhþēon, _took the cup from W_. , 630; fela ic
gebād grynna æt Grendle, _from Grendel_, 931; æt mīnum fæder genam, _took
me from my father to himself_, 2430. --2) temporal, _at, in, at the time
of_: æt frumsceafte, _in the beginning_, 45; æt ende, _at an end_, 224;
fand sīnne dryhten ealdres æt ende, _at the end of life, dying_, 2791;
similarly, 2823; æt feohgyftum, _in giving gifts_, 1090; æt sīðestan,
_finally_, 3014.
æt-grǣpe, adj. , _laying hold of_, prehendens, 1270.
æt-rihte, adv. , _almost_, 1658.
Ǣ
ǣdre, ēdre, st. f. , _aqueduct, canal_ (not in Bēow. ), _vein_ (not in
Bēow. ), _stream, violent pouring forth_: dat. pl. swāt ǣdrum sprong, _the
blood sprang in streams_, 2967; blōd ēdrum dranc, _drank the blood in
streams_(? ), 743.
ǣdre, adv. , _hastily, directly, immediately_, 77, 354, 3107.
ǣðm, st. m. , _breath, gasp, snort_: instr. sg. hreðer ǣðme wēoll, _the
breast_ (of the drake) _heaved with snorting_, 2594.
ǣfen, st. m. , _evening_, 1236.
ǣfen-gram, adj. , _hostile at evening, night-enemy_: nom. sg. m. ǣfen-grom,
of Grendel, 2075.
ǣfen-lēoht, st. n. , _evening-light_: nom. sg. , 413.
ǣfen-ræst, st. f. , _evening-rest_: acc. sg. -ræste, 647, 1253.
ǣfen-sprǣc, st. f. , _evening-talk_: acc. sg. gemunde . . . ǣfen-sprǣce,
_thought about what he had spoken in the evening_, 760.
ǣfre, adv. , _ever, at any time_, 70, 280, 504, 693, etc. : in negative
sentences, ǣfre ne, _never_, 2601. --Comp. nǣfre.
ǣg-hwā (O. H. G. ēo-ga-hwër), pron. , _every, each_: dat. sg. ǣghwǣm, 1385.
The gen. sg. in adverbial sense, _in all, throughout, thoroughly_: ǣghwæs
untǣle, _thoroughly blameless_, 1866; ǣghwæs unrīm, _entirely innumerable
quantity_, i. e. an enormous multitude, 2625, 3136.
ǣg-hwæðer (O. H. G. ēo-ga-hwëdar): 1) _each_ (of two): nom. sg. hæfde
ǣghwæðer ende gefēred, _each of the two_ (Bēowulf and the drake) _had
reached the end_, 2845; dat. sg.
ǣghwæðrum wæs brōga fram ōðrum, _to each
of the two_ (Bēowulf and the drake) _was fear of the other_, 2565; gen. sg.
ǣghwæðres . . . worda and worca, 287. --2) _each_ (of several): dat. sg. heora
ǣghwæðrum, 1637.
ǣg-hwǣr, adv. , _everywhere_, 1060.
ǣg-hwilc (O. H. G. ēo-gi-hwëlih), pron. , unusquisque, _every_ (one): 1) used
as an adj. : acc. sg. m. dǣl ǣghwylcne, 622. --2) as substantive, a) with the
partitive genitive: nom. sg. ǣg-hwylc, 9, 2888; dat. sg. ǣghwylcum, 1051.
b) without gen. : nom. sg. ǣghwylc, 985, 988; (wæs) ǣghwylc ōðrum trȳwe,
_each one_ (of two) _true to the other_, 1166.
ǣg-weard, st. f. , _watch on the sea shore_: acc. sg. ǣg-wearde, 241.
ǣht (abstract form from āgan, denoting the state of possessing), st. f. : 1)
_possession, power_: acc. sg. on flōdes ǣht, 42; on wæteres ǣht, _into the
power of the water_, 516; on ǣht gehwearf Denigea frēan, _passed over into
the possession of a Danish master_, 1680. --2) _property, possessions,
goods_: acc. pl. ǣhte, 2249. --Comp. māðm-, gold-ǣht.
ǣht (O. H. G. āhta), st. f. , _pursuit_: nom. þā wæs ǣht boden Swēona lēodum,
segn Higelāce, _then was pursuit offered to the people of the Swēonas,
(their) banner to Hygelāc_ (i. e. the banner of the Swedes, taken during
their flight, fell into the hands of Hygelāc), 2958.
ǣled (Old Sax. eld, O. N. edl-r), st. m. , _fire_, 3016.
ǣled-lēoma, w. m. , _(fire-light), torch_: acc. sg. lēoman, 3126. See lēoma.
ǣn (oblique form of ān), num. , _one_: acc. sg. m. þone ǣnne þone. . . , _the
one whom_. . . , 1054; oftor micle þonne on ǣnne sīð, _much oftener than one
time_, 1580; forð onsendon ǣnne, _sent him forth alone_, 46.
ǣne, adv. , _once_: oft nalles ǣne, 3020.
ǣnig, pron. , _one, any one_, 474, 503, 510, 534, etc. : instr. sg. nolde . . .
0nige þinga, _would in no way, not at all_, 792; lȳt ǣnig mearn, _little
did any one sorrow_ (i. e. no one), 3130. --With the article: næs se
folccyning . . . ǣnig, _no people's king_, 2735. --Comp. nǣnig.
ǣn-līc, adj. , _alone, excellent, distinguished_: ǣnlīc ansȳn,
_distinguished appearance_, 251; þēah þe hīo ǣnlīcu sȳ, _though she be
beautiful_, 1942.
ǣr (comparative form, from ā): 1) adv. , _sooner, before, beforehand_, 15,
656, 695, 758, etc. , _for a long time_, 2596; eft swā ǣr, _again as
formerly_, 643; ǣr nē siððan, _neither sooner nor later_, 719; ǣr and sīð,
_sooner and later_ (all times), 2501; nō þȳ ǣr (_not so much the sooner_),
_yet not_, 755, 1503, 2082, 2161, 2467. --2) conjunct. , _before, ere_: a)
with the ind. : ǣr hīo tō setle gēong, 2020. b) w. subjunc. : ǣr gē fyr
fēran, _before you travel farther_, 252; ǣr hē on hwurfe 164, so 677, 2819;
ǣr þon dæg cwōme, _ere the day break_, 732; ǣr correlative to ǣr adv. : ǣr
hē feorh seleð, aldor an ōfre, ǣr hē wille . . . , _he will sooner_ (rather)
_leave his life upon the shore, before_ (than) _he will_ . . . , 1372. --3)
prepos. with dat. , _before_ ǣr dēaðe, _before death_, 1389; ǣr dæges hwīle,
_before daybreak_, 2321; ǣr swylt-dæge, _before the day of death_, 2799.
ǣror, comp. adv. , _sooner, before-hand_, 810; _formerly_, 2655.
ǣrra, comp. adj. , _earlier_; instr. pl. , ǣrran mǣlum, _in former times_,
908, 2238, 3036.
ǣrest, superl. : 1) adv. , _first of all, foremost_, 6, 617, 1698, etc. --2)
as subst. n. , _relation to, the beginning_: acc. þæt ic his ǣrest þē eft
gesægde (_to tell thee in what relation it stood at first to the coat of
mail that has been presented_), 2158. See Note.
ǣr-dæg, st. m. (_before-day_), _morning-twilight, gray of morning_: dat.
sg. mid ǣrdæge, 126; samod ǣrdæge, 1312, 2943.
ǣrende, st. n. , _errand, trust_: acc. sg. , 270, 345.
ǣr-fæder, st. m. , _late father, deceased father_: nom sg. swā his ǣrfæder,
2623.
ǣr-gestrēon, st. n. , _old treasure, possessions dating from old times_: acc
sg. , 1758; gen. sg. swylcra fela ǣrgestrēona, _much of such old treasure_,
2233. See gestrēon.
ǣr-geweorc, st. n. , _work dating from old times_: nom. sg. enta ǣr-geweorc,
_the old work of the giants_ (of the golden sword-hilt from Grendel's
water-hall), 1680. See geweorc.
ǣr-gōd, adj. , _good since old times, long invested with dignity_ or
_advantages_: æðeling ǣrgōd, 130; (eorl) ǣrgōd, 1330; īren ǣrgōd
(_excellent sword_), 990, 2587.
ǣr-wela, w. m. , _old possessions, riches dating from old times_: acc. sg.
ǣrwelan, 2748. See wela.
ǣs, st. n. , _carcass, carrion_: dat. (instr. ) sg. ǣse, of Æschere's corpse,
1333.
ǣt, st. m. , _food, meat_: dat, sg. , hū him æt ǣte spēow, _how he fared well
at meat_, 3027.
ǣttren (see attor), adj. , _poisonous_: wæs þæt blōd tō þæs hāt, ǣttren
ellorgāst, se ǣr inne swealt, _so hot was the blood, (and) poisonous the
demon_ (Grendel's mother) _who died therein_, 1618
B
bana, bona, w. m. , _murderer_, 158, 588, 1103, etc. : acc. sg. bonan
Ongenþēowes, of Hygelāc, although in reality his men slew Ongenþēow (2965
ff. ), 1969. Figuratively of inanimate objects: ne wæs ecg bona, 2507; wearð
wracu Wēohstānes bana, 2614. --Comp. : ecg-, feorh-, gāst-, hand-, mūð-bana.
bon-gār, st. m. _murdering spear_, 2032.
ge-bannan, st. v. w. acc. of the thing and dat. of the person, _to command,
to bid_: inf. , 74.
bād, st. f. , _pledge_, only in comp. : nȳd-bād.
317. --_Help, support_: dat. pl. for ār-stafum, _to the assistance_, 382,
458. See stæf.
āter-tēar, m. , _poisonous drop_: dat. pl. īren āter-tēarum fāh (steel which
is dipped in poison or in poisonous sap of plants), 1460.
Æ
æðele, adj. , _noble_: nom. sg. , of Bēowulf, 198, 1313; of Bēowulf's father,
263, where it can be understood as well in a moral as in a genealogical
sense; the latter prevails decidedly in the gen. sg. æðelan cynnes, 2235.
æðeling, st. m. , _nobleman, man of noble descent_, especially the
appellation of a man of royal birth; so of the kings of the Danes, 3; of
Scyld, 33; of Hrōðgār, 130; of Sigemund, 889; of Bēowulf, 1226, 1245, 1597,
1816, 2189, 2343, 2375, 2425, 2716, 3136; perhaps also of Dæghrefn,
2507;--then, in a broader sense, also denoting other noble-born men:
Æschere, 1295; Hrōðgār's courtiers, 118, 983; Heremōd's courtiers, 907;
Hengest's warriors, 1113; Bēowulf's retinue, 1805, 1921, 3172; noble-born
in general, 2889. --Comp. sib-æðeling.
æðelu, st. n. , only in the pl. , _noble descent, nobility_, in the sense of
noble lineage: acc. pl. æðelu, 392; dat. pl. cyning æðelum gōd, _the king,
of noble birth_, 1871; æðelum dīore, _worthy on account of noble lineage_,
1950; æðelum (hǣleþum, MS. ), 332. --Comp. fæder-æðelu.
æfnan, w. v. w. acc. , _to perform, to carry out, to accomplish_: inf.
ellen-weorc æfnan, _to do a heroic deed_, 1465; pret. unriht æfnde,
_perpetrated wrong_, 1255.
ge-æfnan, 1) _to carry out, to do, to accomplish_: pret. pl. þæt geæfndon
swā, _so carried that out_, 538; pret. part. āð wæs geæfned, _the oath was
sworn_, 1108. --2) _get ready, prepare_: pret. part. geæfned, 3107. See
efnan.
æfter (comparative of af, Ags. of, which see; hence it expresses the idea
of _forth, away, from, back_), a) adv. , _thereupon, afterwards_, 12, 341,
1390, 2155. --ic him æfter sceal, _I shall go after them_, 2817; in word
æfter cwæð, 315, the sense seems to be, _spoke back, having turned_; b)
prep. w. dat. , 1) (temporal) _after_, 119, 128, 187, 825, 1939, etc. ; æfter
beorne, _after the_ (death of) _the hero_, 2261, so 2262; æfter
māððum-welan, _after_ (obtaining) _the treasure_, 2751. --2) (causal) as
proceeding from something, denoting result and purpose, hence, _in
consequence of, conformably to_: æfter rihte, _in accordance with right_,
1050, 2111; æfter faroðe, _with the current_, 580; so 1321, 1721, 1944,
2180, etc. , æfter heaðo-swāte, _in consequence of the blood of battle_,
1607; æfter wælnīðe, _in consequence of mortal enmity_, 85; _in accordance
with, on account of, after, about_: æfter æðelum (hǣleþum, MS. )frægn,
_asked about the descent_, 332; ne frīn þū æfter sǣlum, _ask not after my
welfare_, 1323; æfter sincgyfan grēoteð, _weeps for the giver of treasure_,
1343; him æfter dēorum men dyrne langað, _longs in secret for the dear
man_, 1880; ān æfter ānum, _one for the other_, 2462, etc. --3) (local),
_along_: æfter gumcynnum, _throughout the races of men, among men_, 945;
sōhte bed æfter būrum, _sought a bed among the rooms of the castle_ (the
castle was fortified, the hall was not), 140; æfter recede wlāt, _looked
along the hall_, 1573; stone æfter stāne, _smelt along the rocks_, 2289;
æfter lyfte, _along the air through the air_, 2833; similarly, 996, 1068,
1317, etc.
æf-þunca, w. m. , _anger, chagrin, vexatious affair_: nom. , 502.
ge-æhtan, w. v. , _to prize, to speak in praise of_: pret. part. geæhted,
1866.
ge-æhtla, w. m. , or ge-æhtle, w. f. , _a speaking of with praise, high
esteem_: gen. sg. hȳ . . . wyrðe þinceað eorla geæhtlan, _seem worthy of the
high esteem of the noble-born_, 369.
æglǣcea. See āglǣcea.
æl-fylce (from æl-, Goth. ali-s, ἄλλος, and fylce, O. N. fylki, collective
form from folc), st. n. , _other folk, hostile army_: dat. pl. wið ælfylcum,
2372.
æl-mihtig (for eal-m. ), adj. , _almighty_: nom. sg. m. , of the weak form, se
æl-mihtiga, 92.
æl-wiht, st. m. , _being of another species, monster_: gen. pl. æl-wihta
eard, of the dwelling-place of Grendel's kindred, 1501.
æppel-fealu, adj. , _dappled sorrel_, or _apple-yellow_: nom. pl.
æppel-fealuwe mēaras, _apple-yellow steeds_, 2166.
ærn, st. n. , _house_, in the compounds heal-, hord-, medo-, þrȳð-,
win-ærn.
æsc, st. m. , _ash_ (does not occur in Bēowulf in this sense), _lance,
spear_, because the shaft consists of ash wood: dat. pl. (quā instr. ) æscum
and ecgum, _with spears and swords_, 1773.
æsc-holt, st. n. , _ash wood, ashen shaft_: nom. pl. æsc-holt ufan grǣg,
_the ashen shafts gray above_ (spears with iron points), 330.
æsc-wiga, w. m. , _spear-fighter, warrior armed with the spear_: nom. sg. ,
2043.
æt, prep. w. dat. , with the fundamental meaning of nearness to something,
hence 1) local, a) _with, near, at, on, in_ (rest): æt hȳðe, in _harbor_,
32; æt symle, _at the meal_, 81, æt āde, _on the funeral-pile_, 1111, 1115;
æt þē ānum, _with thee alone_, 1378; æt wīge, _in the fight_, 1338; æt
hilde, 1660, 2682; æt ǣte, _in eating_, 3027, etc. b) _to, towards, at, on_
(motion to): dēaðes wylm hrān æt heortan, _seized upon the heart_, 2271;
gehēton æt hærgtrafum, _vowed at_ (or _to_) _the temples of the gods_, 175.
c) with verbs of taking away, _away from_ (as starting from near an
object): geþeah þæt ful æt Wealhþēon, _took the cup from W_. , 630; fela ic
gebād grynna æt Grendle, _from Grendel_, 931; æt mīnum fæder genam, _took
me from my father to himself_, 2430. --2) temporal, _at, in, at the time
of_: æt frumsceafte, _in the beginning_, 45; æt ende, _at an end_, 224;
fand sīnne dryhten ealdres æt ende, _at the end of life, dying_, 2791;
similarly, 2823; æt feohgyftum, _in giving gifts_, 1090; æt sīðestan,
_finally_, 3014.
æt-grǣpe, adj. , _laying hold of_, prehendens, 1270.
æt-rihte, adv. , _almost_, 1658.
Ǣ
ǣdre, ēdre, st. f. , _aqueduct, canal_ (not in Bēow. ), _vein_ (not in
Bēow. ), _stream, violent pouring forth_: dat. pl. swāt ǣdrum sprong, _the
blood sprang in streams_, 2967; blōd ēdrum dranc, _drank the blood in
streams_(? ), 743.
ǣdre, adv. , _hastily, directly, immediately_, 77, 354, 3107.
ǣðm, st. m. , _breath, gasp, snort_: instr. sg. hreðer ǣðme wēoll, _the
breast_ (of the drake) _heaved with snorting_, 2594.
ǣfen, st. m. , _evening_, 1236.
ǣfen-gram, adj. , _hostile at evening, night-enemy_: nom. sg. m. ǣfen-grom,
of Grendel, 2075.
ǣfen-lēoht, st. n. , _evening-light_: nom. sg. , 413.
ǣfen-ræst, st. f. , _evening-rest_: acc. sg. -ræste, 647, 1253.
ǣfen-sprǣc, st. f. , _evening-talk_: acc. sg. gemunde . . . ǣfen-sprǣce,
_thought about what he had spoken in the evening_, 760.
ǣfre, adv. , _ever, at any time_, 70, 280, 504, 693, etc. : in negative
sentences, ǣfre ne, _never_, 2601. --Comp. nǣfre.
ǣg-hwā (O. H. G. ēo-ga-hwër), pron. , _every, each_: dat. sg. ǣghwǣm, 1385.
The gen. sg. in adverbial sense, _in all, throughout, thoroughly_: ǣghwæs
untǣle, _thoroughly blameless_, 1866; ǣghwæs unrīm, _entirely innumerable
quantity_, i. e. an enormous multitude, 2625, 3136.
ǣg-hwæðer (O. H. G. ēo-ga-hwëdar): 1) _each_ (of two): nom. sg. hæfde
ǣghwæðer ende gefēred, _each of the two_ (Bēowulf and the drake) _had
reached the end_, 2845; dat. sg.
ǣghwæðrum wæs brōga fram ōðrum, _to each
of the two_ (Bēowulf and the drake) _was fear of the other_, 2565; gen. sg.
ǣghwæðres . . . worda and worca, 287. --2) _each_ (of several): dat. sg. heora
ǣghwæðrum, 1637.
ǣg-hwǣr, adv. , _everywhere_, 1060.
ǣg-hwilc (O. H. G. ēo-gi-hwëlih), pron. , unusquisque, _every_ (one): 1) used
as an adj. : acc. sg. m. dǣl ǣghwylcne, 622. --2) as substantive, a) with the
partitive genitive: nom. sg. ǣg-hwylc, 9, 2888; dat. sg. ǣghwylcum, 1051.
b) without gen. : nom. sg. ǣghwylc, 985, 988; (wæs) ǣghwylc ōðrum trȳwe,
_each one_ (of two) _true to the other_, 1166.
ǣg-weard, st. f. , _watch on the sea shore_: acc. sg. ǣg-wearde, 241.
ǣht (abstract form from āgan, denoting the state of possessing), st. f. : 1)
_possession, power_: acc. sg. on flōdes ǣht, 42; on wæteres ǣht, _into the
power of the water_, 516; on ǣht gehwearf Denigea frēan, _passed over into
the possession of a Danish master_, 1680. --2) _property, possessions,
goods_: acc. pl. ǣhte, 2249. --Comp. māðm-, gold-ǣht.
ǣht (O. H. G. āhta), st. f. , _pursuit_: nom. þā wæs ǣht boden Swēona lēodum,
segn Higelāce, _then was pursuit offered to the people of the Swēonas,
(their) banner to Hygelāc_ (i. e. the banner of the Swedes, taken during
their flight, fell into the hands of Hygelāc), 2958.
ǣled (Old Sax. eld, O. N. edl-r), st. m. , _fire_, 3016.
ǣled-lēoma, w. m. , _(fire-light), torch_: acc. sg. lēoman, 3126. See lēoma.
ǣn (oblique form of ān), num. , _one_: acc. sg. m. þone ǣnne þone. . . , _the
one whom_. . . , 1054; oftor micle þonne on ǣnne sīð, _much oftener than one
time_, 1580; forð onsendon ǣnne, _sent him forth alone_, 46.
ǣne, adv. , _once_: oft nalles ǣne, 3020.
ǣnig, pron. , _one, any one_, 474, 503, 510, 534, etc. : instr. sg. nolde . . .
0nige þinga, _would in no way, not at all_, 792; lȳt ǣnig mearn, _little
did any one sorrow_ (i. e. no one), 3130. --With the article: næs se
folccyning . . . ǣnig, _no people's king_, 2735. --Comp. nǣnig.
ǣn-līc, adj. , _alone, excellent, distinguished_: ǣnlīc ansȳn,
_distinguished appearance_, 251; þēah þe hīo ǣnlīcu sȳ, _though she be
beautiful_, 1942.
ǣr (comparative form, from ā): 1) adv. , _sooner, before, beforehand_, 15,
656, 695, 758, etc. , _for a long time_, 2596; eft swā ǣr, _again as
formerly_, 643; ǣr nē siððan, _neither sooner nor later_, 719; ǣr and sīð,
_sooner and later_ (all times), 2501; nō þȳ ǣr (_not so much the sooner_),
_yet not_, 755, 1503, 2082, 2161, 2467. --2) conjunct. , _before, ere_: a)
with the ind. : ǣr hīo tō setle gēong, 2020. b) w. subjunc. : ǣr gē fyr
fēran, _before you travel farther_, 252; ǣr hē on hwurfe 164, so 677, 2819;
ǣr þon dæg cwōme, _ere the day break_, 732; ǣr correlative to ǣr adv. : ǣr
hē feorh seleð, aldor an ōfre, ǣr hē wille . . . , _he will sooner_ (rather)
_leave his life upon the shore, before_ (than) _he will_ . . . , 1372. --3)
prepos. with dat. , _before_ ǣr dēaðe, _before death_, 1389; ǣr dæges hwīle,
_before daybreak_, 2321; ǣr swylt-dæge, _before the day of death_, 2799.
ǣror, comp. adv. , _sooner, before-hand_, 810; _formerly_, 2655.
ǣrra, comp. adj. , _earlier_; instr. pl. , ǣrran mǣlum, _in former times_,
908, 2238, 3036.
ǣrest, superl. : 1) adv. , _first of all, foremost_, 6, 617, 1698, etc. --2)
as subst. n. , _relation to, the beginning_: acc. þæt ic his ǣrest þē eft
gesægde (_to tell thee in what relation it stood at first to the coat of
mail that has been presented_), 2158. See Note.
ǣr-dæg, st. m. (_before-day_), _morning-twilight, gray of morning_: dat.
sg. mid ǣrdæge, 126; samod ǣrdæge, 1312, 2943.
ǣrende, st. n. , _errand, trust_: acc. sg. , 270, 345.
ǣr-fæder, st. m. , _late father, deceased father_: nom sg. swā his ǣrfæder,
2623.
ǣr-gestrēon, st. n. , _old treasure, possessions dating from old times_: acc
sg. , 1758; gen. sg. swylcra fela ǣrgestrēona, _much of such old treasure_,
2233. See gestrēon.
ǣr-geweorc, st. n. , _work dating from old times_: nom. sg. enta ǣr-geweorc,
_the old work of the giants_ (of the golden sword-hilt from Grendel's
water-hall), 1680. See geweorc.
ǣr-gōd, adj. , _good since old times, long invested with dignity_ or
_advantages_: æðeling ǣrgōd, 130; (eorl) ǣrgōd, 1330; īren ǣrgōd
(_excellent sword_), 990, 2587.
ǣr-wela, w. m. , _old possessions, riches dating from old times_: acc. sg.
ǣrwelan, 2748. See wela.
ǣs, st. n. , _carcass, carrion_: dat. (instr. ) sg. ǣse, of Æschere's corpse,
1333.
ǣt, st. m. , _food, meat_: dat, sg. , hū him æt ǣte spēow, _how he fared well
at meat_, 3027.
ǣttren (see attor), adj. , _poisonous_: wæs þæt blōd tō þæs hāt, ǣttren
ellorgāst, se ǣr inne swealt, _so hot was the blood, (and) poisonous the
demon_ (Grendel's mother) _who died therein_, 1618
B
bana, bona, w. m. , _murderer_, 158, 588, 1103, etc. : acc. sg. bonan
Ongenþēowes, of Hygelāc, although in reality his men slew Ongenþēow (2965
ff. ), 1969. Figuratively of inanimate objects: ne wæs ecg bona, 2507; wearð
wracu Wēohstānes bana, 2614. --Comp. : ecg-, feorh-, gāst-, hand-, mūð-bana.
bon-gār, st. m. _murdering spear_, 2032.
ge-bannan, st. v. w. acc. of the thing and dat. of the person, _to command,
to bid_: inf. , 74.
bād, st. f. , _pledge_, only in comp. : nȳd-bād.
