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, _earth, ground_: acc. sg. under foldan, 1362; fēoll on
foldan, 2976; gen. sg. foldan bearm, _the bosom of the earth_, 1138; foldan
scēatas, 96; foldan fæðm, 1394. --Also, _earth, world_: dat. sg. on foldan,
1197.

fold-weg, st. m. , _field-way, road through the country_: acc. sg. fold-weg,
1634; acc. pl. fold-wegas, 867.

folgian, w. v. : 1) _to perform vassal-duty, to serve, to follow_: pret. pl.
þēah hīe hira bēaggyfan banan folgedon, _although they followed the
murderer of their prince_, 1103. --2) _to pursue, to follow after_: folgode
feorh-genīðlan (acc. pl. ) 2934.

folm, st. f, _hand_: acc. sg. folme, 971, 1304; dat. sg. mid folme, 743;
acc. pl. fēt and folma, _feet and hands_, 746; dat. pl. tō banan folmum,
158; folmum (instr. ), 723, 993. --Comp. : beado-, gearo-folm.

for, prep. w. dat. , instr. , and acc. : 1) w. dat. local, _before_, ante: þæt
hē for eaxlum gestōd Deniga frēan, 358; for hlāwe, 1121. --b) _before_,
coram, in conspectu: no hē þǣre feohgyfte for scēotendum scamigan þorfte,
_had no need to be ashamed of the gift before the warriors_, 1027; for þǣm
werede, 1216; for eorlum, 1650; for duguðe, _before the noble band of
warriors_, 2021. --Causal, a) to denote a subjective motive, _on account of,
through, from_: for wlenco, _from bravery, through warlike courage_, 338,
1207; for wlence, 508; for his wonhȳdum, 434; for onmēdlan, 2927, etc. --b)
objective, partly denoting a cause, _through, from, by reason of_: for
metode, _for the creator, on account of the creator_, 169; for þrēanȳdum,
833; for þrēanēdlan, 2225; for dolgilpe, _on account of, in accordance with
the promise of bold deeds_ (because you claimed bold deeds for yourself),
509; him for hrōfsele hrīnan ne mehte fǣr-gripe flōdes, _on account of the
roofed hall the malicious grasp of the flood could not reach him_, 1516;
līg-egesan wæg for horde, _on account of_ (the robbing of) _the treasure_,
2782; for mundgripe mīnum, _on account of, through the gripe of my hand_,
966; for þæs hildfruman hondgeweorce, 2836; for swenge, _through the
stroke_, 2967; ne meahte . . . dēop gedȳgan for dracan lēge, _could not hold
out in the deep on account of the heat of the drake_, 2550. Here may be
added such passages as ic þǣm gōdan sceal for his mōdþræce māðmas bēodan,
_will offer him treasures on account of his boldness of character, for his
high courage_, 385; ful-oft for lǣssan lēan teohhode, _gave often reward
for what was inferior_, 952; nalles for ealdre mearn, _was not uneasy about
his life_, 1443; similarly, 1538. Also denoting purpose: for ārstafum, _to
the assistance_, 382, 458. --2) w. instr. causal, _because of, for_: hē hine
feor forwræc for þȳ mane, 110. --3) w. acc. , _for, as, instead of_: for
sunu frēogan, _love as a son_, 948; for sunu habban, 1176; nē him þæs
wyrmes wīg for wiht dyde, _held the drake's fighting as nothing_, 2349.

foran, adv. , _before, among the first, forward_: siððan . . . scēawedon
fēondes fingras, foran ǣghwylc (_each before himself_), 985; þæt wæs ān
foran ealdgestrēona, _that was one among the first of the old treasures_,
i. e. a splendid old treasure, 1459; þē him foran ongēan linde bǣron, _bore
their shields forward against him_ (went out to fight against him), 2365.

be-foran: 1) adv. , local, _before_: hē . . . beforan gengde, _went before_,
1413; temporal, _before, earlier_, 2498. --2) prep. w. acc. _before_, in
conspectu: mǣre māððum-sweord manige gesāwon beforan beorn beran, 1025.

ford, st. m. , _ford, water-way_: acc. sg. ymb brontne ford, 568.

forð: 1) local, _forth, hither, near_: forð near ætstōp, _approached
nearer_, 746; þā cwōm Wealhþēo forð gān, 1163; similarly, 613; him seleþegn
forð wīsade, _led him_ (Bēowulf) _forth_ (to the couch that had been
prepared for him in Heorot), 1796; þæt him swāt sprong forð under fexe,
_forth under the hair of his head_, 2968. _Forward, further_: gewītað forð
beran wǣpen and gewǣdu, 291; hē tō forð gestōp, 2290; freoðo-wong þone forð
oferēodon, 2960. _Away, forth_, 45, 904; fyrst forð gewāt, _the time_ (of
the way to the ship) _was out_, i. e. they had arrived at the ship, 210; mē
. . . forð-gewitenum, _to me the departed_, 1480; fērdon forð, _went forth_
(from Grendel's sea), 1633; þonne hē forð scile, _when he must (go) forth_,
i. e. die, 3178; hine mihtig god . . . ofer ealle men forð gefremede, _carried
him forth, over all men_, 1719. --2) temporal, _forth, from now on_: heald
forð tela nīwe sibbe, 949; ic sceal forð sprecan gēn ymbe Grendel, _shall
from now on speak again of Grendel_, 2070. See furðum and furðor.

forð-gerīmed, pres. part. , _in unbroken succession_, 59.

forð-gesceaft, st. f. , _that which is determined for farther on, future
destiny_: acc. sg. hē þā forð-gesceaft forgyteð and forgȳmeð, 1751.

forð-weg, st. m. , _road that leads away, journey_: hē of ealdre gewāt frōd
on forð-weg (_upon the way to the next world_), 2626.

fore, prep. w. dat. , local, _before_, coram, in conspectu: hēo fore þǣm
werede spræc, 1216. Causal, _through, for, because of_: nō mearn fore fǣhðe
and fyrene, 136; fore fæder dǣdum, _because of the father's deeds_,
2060,--Allied to this is the meaning, _about_, de, super: þǣr wæs sang and
swēg samod ætgædere fore Healfdenes hildewīsan, _song and music about
Healfdene's general_ (the song of Hnæf), 1065.

fore-mǣre, adj. , _renowned beyond (others)_, prǣclarus: superl. þæt wæs
fore-mǣrost foldbūendum receda under roderum, 309.

fore-mihtig, adj. , _able beyond (others)_, prǣpotens: nom. sg. wæs tō
foremihtig fēond on fēðe, _the enemy was too strong in going_ (could flee
too rapidly), 970.

fore-snotor, adj. , _wise beyond (others)_, sapientissimus: nom. pl.
foresnotre men, 3164.

fore-þanc, st. m. , _forethought, consideration, deliberation_: nom. sg. ,
1061.

forht, adj. , _fearful, cowardly_: nom. sg. forht, 2968; hē on mōde wearð
forht on ferhðe, 755. --Comp. unforht.

forma, adj. , _foremost, first_: nom. sg. forma sīð (_the first time_), 717,
1464, 1528, 2626; instr. sg. forman sīðe, 741, 2287; forman dōgore, 2574.

fyrmest, adv. superl. , _first of all, in the first place_: hē fyrmest læg,
2078.

forst, st. m. , _frost, cold_: gen. sg. forstes bend, 1610.

for-þām, for-þan, for-þon, adv. and conj. , _therefore, on that account,
then_: forþām, 149; forþan, 418, 680, 1060; forþon þe, _because_, 503.

fōn, st. v. , _to catch, to grasp, to take hold, to take_: prs. sg. III.
fēhð ōðer tō, _another lays hold_ (takes possession), 1756; inf. ic mid
grāpe sceal fōn wið fēonde, 439; pret. sg. him tōgēanes fēng, _caught at
him, grasped at him_, 1543; w. dat. hē þām frætwum fēng, _received the rich
adornments_ (Ongenþēow's equipment), 2990.

be-fōn, _to surround, to ensnare, to encompass, to embrace_: pret. part.
hyne sār hafað . . . nearwe befongen balwon bendum, 977; hēo æðelinga ānne
hæfde fæste befangen (_had seized him firmly_), 1296; helm . . . befongen
frēawrāsnum (_encircled by an ornament like a diadem_), 1452; fenne
bifongen, _surrounded by the fen_, 2010; (draca) fȳre befongen, _encircled
by fire_, 2275, 2596; hæfde landwara līge befangen, _encompassed by fire_,
2322.

ge-fōn, w. acc. , _to seize, to grasp_: pret. hē gefēng slǣpendne rinc, 741;
gūðrinc gefēng atolan clommum, 1502; gefēng þā be eaxle . . . Gūðgēata lēod
Grendles mōdor, 1538; gefēng þā fetelhilt, 1564; hond rond gefēng, geolwe
linde, 2610; ic on ofoste gefēng micle mid mundum mægen-byrðenne, _hastily
I seized with my hands the enormous burden_, 3091.

on-fōn, w. dat. , _to receive, to accept, to take_: pres. imp. sg. onfōh
þissum fulle, _accept this cup_, 1170; inf. þæt þæt þēodnes bearn . . .
scolde fæder-æðelum onfōn, _receive the paternal rank_, 912; pret. sg. hwā
þǣm hlæste onfēng, _who received the ship's lading_, 52; hlēor-bolster
onfēng eorles andwlitan, _the pillow received the nobleman's face_, 689;
similarly, 853, 1495; heal swēge onfēng, _the hall received the loud
noise_, 1215; hē onfēng hraðe inwit-þancum, _he_ (Bēowulf) _at once
clutched him_ (Grendel) _devising malice_, 749.

þurh-fōn, w. acc. , _to break through with grasping, to destroy by
grasping_: inf. þæt hēo þone fyrd-hom þurh-fōn ne mihte, 1505.

wið-fōn, w. dat. , _(to grasp at), to seize, to lay hold of_: pret. sg. him
fæste wið-fēng, 761.

ymbe-fōn, w. acc. , _to encircle_: pret.
heals ealne ymbefēng biteran bānum,
_encircled his_ (Bēowulf's) _whole neck with sharp bones_ (teeth), 2692.

fōt, st. m. , _foot_: gen. sg. fōtes trem (_the measure of a foot, a foot
broad_), 2526; acc. pl. fēt, 746; dat. pl. æt fōtum, _at the feet_, 500,
1167.

fōt-gemearc, st. n. , _measure, determining by feet, number of feet_: gen.
sg. sē wæs fīftiges fōtgemearces lang (_fifty feet long_), 3043.

fōt-lāst, st. m. , _foot-print_: acc. sg. (draca) onfand fēondes fōt-lāst,
2290.

fracod, adj. , _objectionable, useless_. nom. sg. næs sēo ecg fracod
hilde-rince, 1576.

fram, from, I. prep. w. dat. loc. _away from something_: þǣr fram sylle
ābēag medubenc monig, 776, 1716; þanon eft gewiton ealdgesīðas . . . fram
mere, 856; cyning-balde men from þǣm holmclife hafelan bǣron, 1636;
similarly, 541, 543, 2367. Standing after the dat. : hē hine feor forwræc
. . . mancynne fram, 110; similarly, 1716. Also, _hither from something_: þā
ic cwōm . . . from fēondum, 420; ǣghwæðrum wæs . . . brōga fram ōðrum,
2566. --Causal with verbs of saying and hearing, _of, about, concerning_:
sægdest from his sīðe, 532; nō ic wiht fram þē swylcra searo-nīða secgan
hȳrde, 581; þæt hē fram Sigemunde secgan hyrde, 876. II adv. , _away,
thence_: nō þȳ ǣr fram meahte, 755; _forth, out_: from ǣrest cwōm oruð
āglǣcean ūt of stāne, _the breath of the dragon came forth first from the
rock_ 2557.

fram, from, adj. : 1) _directed forwards, striving forwards_; in comp.
sīð-fram. --2) _excellent, splendid_, of a man with reference to his warlike
qualities: nom. sg. ic eom on mōde from, 2528; nom. pl. frome fyrd-hwate,
1642, 2477. Of things: instr. pl. fromum feoh-giftum, 21. --Comp. un-from;
see freme, forma.

ge-frægen. See frignan.

frætwe, st. f. pl. , _ornament, anything costly_, originally _carved
objects_ (cf. Dietrich in Hpts. Ztschr. X. 216 ff. ), afterwards of any
costly and artistic work: acc. pl. frætwe, 2920; beorhte frætwe, 214;
beorhte frætwa, 897; frætwe. . eorclan-stānas, 1208; frætwe,. . .
brēost-weorðunge, 2504, both times of Hygelāc's collar; frætwe and
fæt-gold, 1922; frætwe (Eanmund's sword and armor), 2621; dat. instr. pl.
þām frætwum, 2164; on frætewum, 963; frætwum (Heaðobeard sword) hrēmig,
2055; frætwum, of the drake's treasures, 2785; frætwum (Ongenþēow's armor),
2990; gen. pl. fela . . . frætwa, 37; þāra frætwa (drake's treasure), 2795;
frætwa hyrde (drake), 3134.

frætwan, w. v. , _to supply with ornaments, to adorn_: inf. folc-stede
frætwan, 76.

ge-frætwian, w. v. , _to adorn_: pret. sg. gefrætwade foldan scēatas leomum
and lēafum, 96; pret. part. þā wæs hāten Heort innanweard folmum gefrætwod,
993.

ge-frǣge, adj. , _known by reputation, renowned_: nom. sg. lēod-cyning . . .
folcum gefrǣge, 55; swā hyt gefrǣge wæs, 2481.

ge-frǣge, st. n. , _information through hearsay_: instr. sg. mine gefrǣge
(_as I learned through the narrative of others_), 777, 838, 1956, etc.

ge-frǣgnian, w. v. , _to become known through hearsay_: pret. part. fylle
gefrǣgnod (of Grendel's mother, who had become known through the carrying
off of Æschere), 1334?

freca, w. m. , properly _a wolf_, as one that breaks in, robs; here a
designation of heroes: nom. sg. freca Scildinga, of Bēowulf, 1564. --Comp. :
gūð-, hilde-, scyld-, sweord-, wīg-freca; ferð-frec (adj. ).

fremde, adj. , properly _distant, foreign_; then _estranged, hostile_: nom
sg. þæt wæs fremde þēod ēcean dryhtne, of the giants, 1692.

freme, adj. , _excellent, splendid_: nom. sg. fem. fremu folces cwēn, of
Þrȳðo, 1933(? ).

fremman, w. v. , _to press forward, to further_, hence: 1) in general, _to
perform, to accomplish, to do, to make_: pres. subj. without an object,
fremme sē þe wille, _let him do (it) whoever will_, 1004. With acc. : imp.
pl. fremmað gē nū lēoda þearfe, 2801; inf. fyrene fremman, 101; sæcce
fremman, 2500; fǣhðe . . . mǣrðum fremman, 2515, etc. ; pret. sg. folcrǣd
fremede (_did what was best for his men_, i. e. ruled wisely), 3007; pl. hū
þā æðelingas ellen fremedon, 3; feohtan fremedon, 960; nalles fācenstafas
. . . þenden fremedon, 1020; pret. subj. þæt ic . . . mǣrðo fremede, 2135. --2)
_to help on, to support_: inf. þæt hē mec fremman wile wordum and worcum
(to an expedition), 1833.

ge-fremman, w. acc. , _to do, to make, to render_: inf. gefremman eorlīc
ellen, 637; helpan gefremman, _to give help_, 2450; æfter wēaspelle wyrpe
gefremman, _to work a change after sorrow_ (to give joy after sorrow),
1316; gerund, tō gefremmanne, 174, 2645; pret. sg. gefremede, 135, 165,
551, 585, etc. ; þēah þe hine mihtig god . . . ofer ealle men forð gefremede,
_placed him away, above all men_, i. e. raised him, 1719; pret. pl.
gefremedon, 1188, 2479; pret. subj. gefremede, 177; pret. part. gefremed,
476; fem, nū scealc hafað . . . dǣd gefremede, 941; absolutely, þū þē self
hafast dǣdum gefremed, þæt . . . , _hast brought it about by thy deeds that_,
955.

fretan, st. v. , _to devour, to consume_: inf. þā (the precious things)
sceal brond fretan, 3015; nū sceal glēd fretan wigena strengel, 3115; pret.
sg. (Grendel) slǣpende fræt folces Denigea fȳftȳne men, 1582.

frēcne, adj. , _dangerous, bold_: nom. sg. frēcne fȳr-draca, 2690;
feorh-bealo frēcne, 2251, 2538; acc. sg. frēcne dǣde, 890; frēcne fengelād,
1360; frēcne stōwe, 1379; instr. sg. frēcnan sprǣce (_through provoking
words_), 1105.

frēcne, adv.