Clement of
Alexandria
(Paedag.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - a
p.
607; Meineke, Frag.
his master Diogenes. (Cic. de Off. iii. 12, 13, 23. ) Com. i. pp. 304-7. ) The above dates are given us
Compare Varro, de Ling. Lat. vi. 1. p. 184, Fragm. in Olympiads, without the exact years being speci-
p. 289, ed. Bip.
(C. E. P. ) fied, but we may safely place the life of Antiphanes
ANTI'PATER('Aurimatpos), of THESSALONICA, between 404 and 330 B. C. , and his first exhibition
the author of several epigrams in the Greek Antho- about B. c. 383.
logy, lived, as we may infer from some of his epi- The parentage and birthplace of Antiphanes are
grams, in the latter part of the reign of Augustus doubtful
. His father's name was Demophanes, or
(B. c. 10 and onwards), and perhaps till the reign Stephanus, probably the latter, since he had a son
of Caligula (A. D. 38. ) He is probably the same named Stephanus, in accordance with the Athenian
poet who is called, in the titles of several epigrams, custom of naming a child after his grandfather. As
“ Antipater Macedo. ” (Jacobs, Anthol. xiii. pp. 848, his birthplace are mentioned Cios on the Helles-
849. )
[P. S. ) pont, Smyrna, Rhodes, and Larissa ; but the last
ANTIPATER ('Αντίπατρος). 1. Of TYRE, a statement deserves little credit. (Meineke, i. 308. )
Stoic philosopher, and a contemporary of Cato the Antiphanes was the most highly esteemed writer
Younger, whose friend Antipater is said to have of the middle comedy, excepting Alexis, who
been when Cato was yet a young man. (Plut. Cat. shared that honour with him. The fragments
Min. 4. ) He appears to be the same as the Anti- which remain prove that Athenaeus was right in
pater of Tyre mentioned by Strabo. (xri. p. 757. ) praising him for the elegance of bis language (pp.
2. Of Tyre, likewise a Stoic philosopher, 27, 157, 168), though he uses some words and
but unquestionably of a later date than the for- phrases which are not found in older writers. (See
mer, though Vossius (de Hist. Gr. p. 392, ed. for examples Meineke, i. p. 309. ) He was one of the
Westermann) confounds the two. He lived most fertile dramatic authors that ever lived, for his
after, or was at least younger than, Panaetius, plays amounted, on the largest computation, to 365,
and Cicero (de Off. ii. 24), in speaking of him, on the least to 260. We still possess the titles of
says, that he died lately at Athens, which must about 130. It is probable, however, that some of
mean shortly before B. C. 45. From this pass the comedies ascribed to him were by other writers,
sage we must infer that Antipater wrote a work for the grammarians frequently confound him, not
on Duties (de Officiis), and Diogenes Laërtius only, as remarked above, with Alexis, but also
(vii. 139, 140, 142, 148) refers to a work of Anti- with Antiphon, Apollophanes, Antisthenes, and
pater on the Universe (nepi kóo uov), of which he Aristophanes. Some of his plays were on mytho-
quotes the eighth book.
(L. S. ] logical subjects, others had reference to particular
ANTI'PHANES (’Avtipáves), of Argos, a persons, others to characters, personal, professional,
sculptor, the disciple of Pericleitus, and teacher of and national, while others seem to have been
Cleon. Since Cleon flourished B. C. 380, Anti- wholly occupied with the intrigues of private life.
phanes may be placed at 400 B. C. Pausanias In these classes of subjects we see, as in all the
mentions several of his works, which were at Del-comedians of the period, the gradual transition of
phi, especially a horse in bronze. (Pausan. v. 17, the middle comedy into the new. The fragments
x. 9. )
[P. S. ] of Antiphanes are collected by Clinton (Philol.
ANTI'PHANES ('Avridávms), of Berga in Mus. l. c. ), and more fully by Meineke (Frag.
Thrace, a Greek writer on marvellous and incredi- Comic. vol. iii. ). He gained the prize 30 times.
ble things. ("ATLOTA, Scymnius Chius, 657, &c. ) Another Antiphanes, of Berge in Thrace, is
From the manner in which he is mentioned by mentioned by Stephanus Byzantinus as a comie
Strabo (i. p. 47, ii. pp. 102, 104; comp. Polyb. poet (s. e. Bépya); but this was the writer cited
xxxiii. 12), it would seem that he wrote his sto by Strabo (p. 102) and Antonius Diogenes (ap.
a
## p. 205 (#225) ############################################
das
205
ANTIPHILUS.
ANTIPHON.
TAB
156. )
bases
300
S]
Rated
zei
Front
20e
Phot. Cal. 166, p. 112, Bekker), as the author of victory over Leonnatus. (Diod. xviii. 13-15;
marvellous stories respecting distant countries: he Plut. Phorion, 24. )
(C. P. M. )
is spoken of in the preceding article.
ANTI'PHILUS ('Articians), of BYZANTIUM,
Suidas mentions“ another Antiphance, an Athe- a writer of epigrams, who lived about the time of
nian comic poet, later than Panactius," who is the emperor Nero, as appears from one of his epi-
mentioned by no other writer, unless he be the grams in which he mentions the favour conferred
Antiphanes who wrote a work nep? 'EtalpWv. by that emperor upon the island of Rhodes. (An-
(Suidas, s. v. Náviov; Athen. xiii. p. 586. ) thol. Gr. ix. n. 178; comp. Tacit. Annal. xii. 58. )
Antiphanes Carystius, who is called by Eudocia The number of his epigrams still extant is ur
(p. 61) a comic poet, was really a tragedian, con- wards of forty, and most of them are superior in
temporary with Thespis. (Suidas, s. v. ) [P. S. ] conception and style to the majority of these com-
ANTI'PHANES ('Avtipávms), an EPIGRAM- positions. Reiske, in his notes on the Anthology
Matic poet, several of whose epigrams are still of Cephalas (p. 191), was led, by the difference of
extant in the Greek anthology. He lived after the style in some of the poems bearing the name of
time of Meleager (i. e. after B. c. 100), but before Antiphilus, to suppose that there were two or
the time of Philip of Thessalonica, that is, about three poets of this name, and that their produc-
the reign of Augustus ; for Philip incorporated the tions were all by mistake ascribed to the one poet
epigrams of Antiphanes in his Anthology, by of Byzantium. But there is not sufficient ground
which means they bave come down to our times for such an hypothesis. (Jacobs, ad Anthol. Gr.
(Jacobs, ad Anthol. Graec. xiii. p. 850, &c. ) (L. S. ) xiii. p. 851, &c. ).
(L. S. ]
ANTIPHANES ('Αντιφάνης), a PHYSICIAN of ANTI'PHILUS. of Egypt, a very distinguished
Delos, who is quoted by Caelius Aurelianus (De painter, was the pupil of Ctesidemus, and the con-
Morb. Chron. iv. 8, p. 537), and Galen (De Com- temporary and rival of Apelles. (Lucian, de Cu-
pos. Medicam. sec. Locos, v. 5, vol. xii. p. 877), lumn. lix. 1-5. ) Having been born in Egypt, he
and must therefore have lived some time in or be went when young to the court of Macedonia, where
fore the second century after Christ. He is men- he painted portraits of Philip and Alexander. The
tioned by St.
Clement of Alexandria (Paedag. ii. latter part of his life was spent in Egypt, under
1, p. 140) as having said, that the sole cause of the patronage of Ptolemy, the son of Lagus, whom
diseases in man was the too great variety of his he painted hunting. He flourished, therefore,
food.
(W. A. G. ] during the latter half of the 4th century B. C. Con-
ANTIPHAS. (Laocoon. ]
cerning his false accusation against Apelles before
ANTI'PHATES ('Avtipámns), a king of the Ptolemy, see APELLES.
Laestrygones in Sicily. When on the seventh day The quality in which he most excelled is thus
after leaving the island of Aeolus Odysseus landed described by Quintilian, who mentions him among
on the coast of the Laestrygones, and sent out the greatest painters of the age of Philip and Alex-
three of his men to explore their country, one of ander (xii. 10. $ 6): “facilitate Antiphilus, con-
them was immediately seized and devoured by cipiendis visionibus, quas partagias vocant," which
Antiphates, for the Laestrygones were more like expressions seem to describe a light and airy ele-
giants than men. They now made an attack upon gance. In the list of his works given by Pliny
the ships of Odysseus, who escaped with only one are some which answer exactly in subject to the
vessel. " (Hom. Od. x. 80–132. ) Two other “partaolai" of Quintilian. (Plin. xxxv. 37, 40. )
mythical heroes of this name occur in Od. xv. Varro (R. R. iii. 2. § 5, Schn. ) names him with
242, &c. ; Virg. Aen. ix. 696.
(L. S. ) Lysippus.
[P. S. )
ANTIPHEMUS ('Arrionuos), the Rhodian, ANTIPHON ( Arriowv). 1. The most ancient
founder of Gela, B. C. 690. The colony was com among the ten Attic orators contained in the Alex-
posed of Rhodians and Cretans, the latter led by andrine canon, was a son of Sophilus the Sophist,
Entimus the Cretan (Thuc. vi. 4, and Schol. ad and born at Rhamnus in Attica in B. C. 480. (Plut.
Pind. Ol. ii. 14), the former chiefly from Liridus Vit. X. Orat. p. 832, b. ; Philostrat. Vit. Soph. i.
(Herod. vii. 153), and to this town Antiphemus 15. & 1; Phot. Cod. p. 485; Suid. s. v. ; Eudoc.
bimself (Philostephanus, ap. Athen. vii. p. 297, f. ) p. 5. 9. ) He was a man of eminent talent and a
belonged. From the Etym. Magn. (s: v. réra) firm character (Thucyd. viii. 68; Plut. Nic. 6),
and Aristaenetus in Steph. Byzantinus (s. v. réna) and is said to have been educated partly by his
it appears the tale ran, that he and his brother father and partly by Pythodorus, while according
Lacius, the founder of Phaselis, were, when at to others he owed his education to none but him-
Delphi, suddenly bid to go forth, one eastward, self. When he was a young man, the fame of
one westward; and from his laughing at the unex- Gorgias was at its height. The object of Gorgias'
pected response, the city took its name. From sophistical school of oratory was more to dazzle and
Pausanias (viii. 46. & 2) we hear of his taking the captivate the hearer by brilliancy of diction and
Sicanian town of Omphace, and carrying off from rhetorical artifices than to produce a solid convic-
it a statue made by Daedalus. Müller (Dor. i. 6. tion based upon sound arguments; it was, in short,
&S 5, 6) considers him a mythical person. (See a school for show-speeches, and the practical pur-
Bockh, Comm. ad Pind. p. 115; Clinton, F. H. poses of oratory in the courts of justice and the
B. C. 690; Hermann, Pol. Antiq. $ 85; Göller, popular assembly lay beyond its sphere. Anti-
de Orig. Syracus. p. 265. ) (A. H. C. ]
phon perceived this deficiency, and formed a higher
ANTI'PHILUS, an ARCHITECT, built, in con- and more practical view of the art to which he de-
junction with Pothaeus and Megacles, the treasury voted himself; that is, he wished to produce con-
of the Carthaginiansat Olympia. (Paus. vi. 19. $ 4. ) viction in the minds of the hearers by means of a
His age and country are unknown. (P. S. ) thorough examination of the subjects proposed,
ANTI'PHILUS ('Avripidos), an Athenian and this not with a view to the narrow limits of
general, was appointed as the successor of Leos the school, but to the courts and the assembly:
thenes in the Lamian war, B. C. 323, and gained a Hence the ancients call Antiphon the inventor of
d. )
Cats
hed
乎
## p. 206 (#226) ############################################
206
ANTIPHON.
ANTIPHON.
:
public oratory, or state that he raised it to a higher them. (Dionys. de l'erb. Comp. 10, de Isaco, 20. )
position. (Philostr. l'it. Soph. i. 15. & 2; Hermog. The want of freshness and gracefulness is very
de Form. Orat. ii. p. 498 ; comp. Quintil
. iii. 1. $ 1; obvious in the orations still extant, but more espe-
Diod.
ap. Clem. Alex. Strom. i. p. 365. ) Antiphon cially in those actually spoken by Antiphon's clients.
was thus the first who regulated practical eloquence (No. 1, 14, and 15. ) His language is pure and
by certain theoretical laws, and he opened a school correct, and in the three ortions mentioned above,
in which he taught rhetoric. Thucydides, the of remarkable clearness. The treatment and solu-
historian, a pupil of Antiphon, speaks of his tion of the point at issue are always striking and
master with the highest esteem, and many of interesting. (Dionys. Jud. de Thucyd. 51, Deinosth.
the excellencies of his style are ascribed by the 8; Phot. p. 485. )
ancients to the influence of Antiphon. (Schol. ad The ancients possessed sixty orations of different
Thuc. iv. p. 312, ed. Bekker; comp. Dionys. Hal kinds which went by the name of Antiphon, but
de Comp. Verb. 10. ) At the same time, Antiphon Caecilius, a rhetorician of the Augustan age, de-
occupied himself with writing speeches for others, clared twenty-five to be spurious. (Plut. Vil. X.
who delivered them in the courts of justice; and Orat. p. 833, b. ; Phot. I. c. )
We now possess
as he was the first who received money for such only fifteen orations of Antiphon, three of which
orations--a practice which subsequently became were written by him for others, viz.
his master Diogenes. (Cic. de Off. iii. 12, 13, 23. ) Com. i. pp. 304-7. ) The above dates are given us
Compare Varro, de Ling. Lat. vi. 1. p. 184, Fragm. in Olympiads, without the exact years being speci-
p. 289, ed. Bip.
(C. E. P. ) fied, but we may safely place the life of Antiphanes
ANTI'PATER('Aurimatpos), of THESSALONICA, between 404 and 330 B. C. , and his first exhibition
the author of several epigrams in the Greek Antho- about B. c. 383.
logy, lived, as we may infer from some of his epi- The parentage and birthplace of Antiphanes are
grams, in the latter part of the reign of Augustus doubtful
. His father's name was Demophanes, or
(B. c. 10 and onwards), and perhaps till the reign Stephanus, probably the latter, since he had a son
of Caligula (A. D. 38. ) He is probably the same named Stephanus, in accordance with the Athenian
poet who is called, in the titles of several epigrams, custom of naming a child after his grandfather. As
“ Antipater Macedo. ” (Jacobs, Anthol. xiii. pp. 848, his birthplace are mentioned Cios on the Helles-
849. )
[P. S. ) pont, Smyrna, Rhodes, and Larissa ; but the last
ANTIPATER ('Αντίπατρος). 1. Of TYRE, a statement deserves little credit. (Meineke, i. 308. )
Stoic philosopher, and a contemporary of Cato the Antiphanes was the most highly esteemed writer
Younger, whose friend Antipater is said to have of the middle comedy, excepting Alexis, who
been when Cato was yet a young man. (Plut. Cat. shared that honour with him. The fragments
Min. 4. ) He appears to be the same as the Anti- which remain prove that Athenaeus was right in
pater of Tyre mentioned by Strabo. (xri. p. 757. ) praising him for the elegance of bis language (pp.
2. Of Tyre, likewise a Stoic philosopher, 27, 157, 168), though he uses some words and
but unquestionably of a later date than the for- phrases which are not found in older writers. (See
mer, though Vossius (de Hist. Gr. p. 392, ed. for examples Meineke, i. p. 309. ) He was one of the
Westermann) confounds the two. He lived most fertile dramatic authors that ever lived, for his
after, or was at least younger than, Panaetius, plays amounted, on the largest computation, to 365,
and Cicero (de Off. ii. 24), in speaking of him, on the least to 260. We still possess the titles of
says, that he died lately at Athens, which must about 130. It is probable, however, that some of
mean shortly before B. C. 45. From this pass the comedies ascribed to him were by other writers,
sage we must infer that Antipater wrote a work for the grammarians frequently confound him, not
on Duties (de Officiis), and Diogenes Laërtius only, as remarked above, with Alexis, but also
(vii. 139, 140, 142, 148) refers to a work of Anti- with Antiphon, Apollophanes, Antisthenes, and
pater on the Universe (nepi kóo uov), of which he Aristophanes. Some of his plays were on mytho-
quotes the eighth book.
(L. S. ] logical subjects, others had reference to particular
ANTI'PHANES (’Avtipáves), of Argos, a persons, others to characters, personal, professional,
sculptor, the disciple of Pericleitus, and teacher of and national, while others seem to have been
Cleon. Since Cleon flourished B. C. 380, Anti- wholly occupied with the intrigues of private life.
phanes may be placed at 400 B. C. Pausanias In these classes of subjects we see, as in all the
mentions several of his works, which were at Del-comedians of the period, the gradual transition of
phi, especially a horse in bronze. (Pausan. v. 17, the middle comedy into the new. The fragments
x. 9. )
[P. S. ] of Antiphanes are collected by Clinton (Philol.
ANTI'PHANES ('Avridávms), of Berga in Mus. l. c. ), and more fully by Meineke (Frag.
Thrace, a Greek writer on marvellous and incredi- Comic. vol. iii. ). He gained the prize 30 times.
ble things. ("ATLOTA, Scymnius Chius, 657, &c. ) Another Antiphanes, of Berge in Thrace, is
From the manner in which he is mentioned by mentioned by Stephanus Byzantinus as a comie
Strabo (i. p. 47, ii. pp. 102, 104; comp. Polyb. poet (s. e. Bépya); but this was the writer cited
xxxiii. 12), it would seem that he wrote his sto by Strabo (p. 102) and Antonius Diogenes (ap.
a
## p. 205 (#225) ############################################
das
205
ANTIPHILUS.
ANTIPHON.
TAB
156. )
bases
300
S]
Rated
zei
Front
20e
Phot. Cal. 166, p. 112, Bekker), as the author of victory over Leonnatus. (Diod. xviii. 13-15;
marvellous stories respecting distant countries: he Plut. Phorion, 24. )
(C. P. M. )
is spoken of in the preceding article.
ANTI'PHILUS ('Articians), of BYZANTIUM,
Suidas mentions“ another Antiphance, an Athe- a writer of epigrams, who lived about the time of
nian comic poet, later than Panactius," who is the emperor Nero, as appears from one of his epi-
mentioned by no other writer, unless he be the grams in which he mentions the favour conferred
Antiphanes who wrote a work nep? 'EtalpWv. by that emperor upon the island of Rhodes. (An-
(Suidas, s. v. Náviov; Athen. xiii. p. 586. ) thol. Gr. ix. n. 178; comp. Tacit. Annal. xii. 58. )
Antiphanes Carystius, who is called by Eudocia The number of his epigrams still extant is ur
(p. 61) a comic poet, was really a tragedian, con- wards of forty, and most of them are superior in
temporary with Thespis. (Suidas, s. v. ) [P. S. ] conception and style to the majority of these com-
ANTI'PHANES ('Avtipávms), an EPIGRAM- positions. Reiske, in his notes on the Anthology
Matic poet, several of whose epigrams are still of Cephalas (p. 191), was led, by the difference of
extant in the Greek anthology. He lived after the style in some of the poems bearing the name of
time of Meleager (i. e. after B. c. 100), but before Antiphilus, to suppose that there were two or
the time of Philip of Thessalonica, that is, about three poets of this name, and that their produc-
the reign of Augustus ; for Philip incorporated the tions were all by mistake ascribed to the one poet
epigrams of Antiphanes in his Anthology, by of Byzantium. But there is not sufficient ground
which means they bave come down to our times for such an hypothesis. (Jacobs, ad Anthol. Gr.
(Jacobs, ad Anthol. Graec. xiii. p. 850, &c. ) (L. S. ) xiii. p. 851, &c. ).
(L. S. ]
ANTIPHANES ('Αντιφάνης), a PHYSICIAN of ANTI'PHILUS. of Egypt, a very distinguished
Delos, who is quoted by Caelius Aurelianus (De painter, was the pupil of Ctesidemus, and the con-
Morb. Chron. iv. 8, p. 537), and Galen (De Com- temporary and rival of Apelles. (Lucian, de Cu-
pos. Medicam. sec. Locos, v. 5, vol. xii. p. 877), lumn. lix. 1-5. ) Having been born in Egypt, he
and must therefore have lived some time in or be went when young to the court of Macedonia, where
fore the second century after Christ. He is men- he painted portraits of Philip and Alexander. The
tioned by St.
Clement of Alexandria (Paedag. ii. latter part of his life was spent in Egypt, under
1, p. 140) as having said, that the sole cause of the patronage of Ptolemy, the son of Lagus, whom
diseases in man was the too great variety of his he painted hunting. He flourished, therefore,
food.
(W. A. G. ] during the latter half of the 4th century B. C. Con-
ANTIPHAS. (Laocoon. ]
cerning his false accusation against Apelles before
ANTI'PHATES ('Avtipámns), a king of the Ptolemy, see APELLES.
Laestrygones in Sicily. When on the seventh day The quality in which he most excelled is thus
after leaving the island of Aeolus Odysseus landed described by Quintilian, who mentions him among
on the coast of the Laestrygones, and sent out the greatest painters of the age of Philip and Alex-
three of his men to explore their country, one of ander (xii. 10. $ 6): “facilitate Antiphilus, con-
them was immediately seized and devoured by cipiendis visionibus, quas partagias vocant," which
Antiphates, for the Laestrygones were more like expressions seem to describe a light and airy ele-
giants than men. They now made an attack upon gance. In the list of his works given by Pliny
the ships of Odysseus, who escaped with only one are some which answer exactly in subject to the
vessel. " (Hom. Od. x. 80–132. ) Two other “partaolai" of Quintilian. (Plin. xxxv. 37, 40. )
mythical heroes of this name occur in Od. xv. Varro (R. R. iii. 2. § 5, Schn. ) names him with
242, &c. ; Virg. Aen. ix. 696.
(L. S. ) Lysippus.
[P. S. )
ANTIPHEMUS ('Arrionuos), the Rhodian, ANTIPHON ( Arriowv). 1. The most ancient
founder of Gela, B. C. 690. The colony was com among the ten Attic orators contained in the Alex-
posed of Rhodians and Cretans, the latter led by andrine canon, was a son of Sophilus the Sophist,
Entimus the Cretan (Thuc. vi. 4, and Schol. ad and born at Rhamnus in Attica in B. C. 480. (Plut.
Pind. Ol. ii. 14), the former chiefly from Liridus Vit. X. Orat. p. 832, b. ; Philostrat. Vit. Soph. i.
(Herod. vii. 153), and to this town Antiphemus 15. & 1; Phot. Cod. p. 485; Suid. s. v. ; Eudoc.
bimself (Philostephanus, ap. Athen. vii. p. 297, f. ) p. 5. 9. ) He was a man of eminent talent and a
belonged. From the Etym. Magn. (s: v. réra) firm character (Thucyd. viii. 68; Plut. Nic. 6),
and Aristaenetus in Steph. Byzantinus (s. v. réna) and is said to have been educated partly by his
it appears the tale ran, that he and his brother father and partly by Pythodorus, while according
Lacius, the founder of Phaselis, were, when at to others he owed his education to none but him-
Delphi, suddenly bid to go forth, one eastward, self. When he was a young man, the fame of
one westward; and from his laughing at the unex- Gorgias was at its height. The object of Gorgias'
pected response, the city took its name. From sophistical school of oratory was more to dazzle and
Pausanias (viii. 46. & 2) we hear of his taking the captivate the hearer by brilliancy of diction and
Sicanian town of Omphace, and carrying off from rhetorical artifices than to produce a solid convic-
it a statue made by Daedalus. Müller (Dor. i. 6. tion based upon sound arguments; it was, in short,
&S 5, 6) considers him a mythical person. (See a school for show-speeches, and the practical pur-
Bockh, Comm. ad Pind. p. 115; Clinton, F. H. poses of oratory in the courts of justice and the
B. C. 690; Hermann, Pol. Antiq. $ 85; Göller, popular assembly lay beyond its sphere. Anti-
de Orig. Syracus. p. 265. ) (A. H. C. ]
phon perceived this deficiency, and formed a higher
ANTI'PHILUS, an ARCHITECT, built, in con- and more practical view of the art to which he de-
junction with Pothaeus and Megacles, the treasury voted himself; that is, he wished to produce con-
of the Carthaginiansat Olympia. (Paus. vi. 19. $ 4. ) viction in the minds of the hearers by means of a
His age and country are unknown. (P. S. ) thorough examination of the subjects proposed,
ANTI'PHILUS ('Avripidos), an Athenian and this not with a view to the narrow limits of
general, was appointed as the successor of Leos the school, but to the courts and the assembly:
thenes in the Lamian war, B. C. 323, and gained a Hence the ancients call Antiphon the inventor of
d. )
Cats
hed
乎
## p. 206 (#226) ############################################
206
ANTIPHON.
ANTIPHON.
:
public oratory, or state that he raised it to a higher them. (Dionys. de l'erb. Comp. 10, de Isaco, 20. )
position. (Philostr. l'it. Soph. i. 15. & 2; Hermog. The want of freshness and gracefulness is very
de Form. Orat. ii. p. 498 ; comp. Quintil
. iii. 1. $ 1; obvious in the orations still extant, but more espe-
Diod.
ap. Clem. Alex. Strom. i. p. 365. ) Antiphon cially in those actually spoken by Antiphon's clients.
was thus the first who regulated practical eloquence (No. 1, 14, and 15. ) His language is pure and
by certain theoretical laws, and he opened a school correct, and in the three ortions mentioned above,
in which he taught rhetoric. Thucydides, the of remarkable clearness. The treatment and solu-
historian, a pupil of Antiphon, speaks of his tion of the point at issue are always striking and
master with the highest esteem, and many of interesting. (Dionys. Jud. de Thucyd. 51, Deinosth.
the excellencies of his style are ascribed by the 8; Phot. p. 485. )
ancients to the influence of Antiphon. (Schol. ad The ancients possessed sixty orations of different
Thuc. iv. p. 312, ed. Bekker; comp. Dionys. Hal kinds which went by the name of Antiphon, but
de Comp. Verb. 10. ) At the same time, Antiphon Caecilius, a rhetorician of the Augustan age, de-
occupied himself with writing speeches for others, clared twenty-five to be spurious. (Plut. Vil. X.
who delivered them in the courts of justice; and Orat. p. 833, b. ; Phot. I. c. )
We now possess
as he was the first who received money for such only fifteen orations of Antiphon, three of which
orations--a practice which subsequently became were written by him for others, viz.
