,
681
Hārim, raiders from, defeated by crusaders,
290; capture of, ib.
681
Hārim, raiders from, defeated by crusaders,
290; capture of, ib.
Cambridge Medieval History - v5 - Contest of Empire and the Papacy
; relations with Burgundy, 389 sq.
;
divorces Adelaide and marries Beatrix of
Burgundy, 390; the diet of Besançon
(1157), 390 sq. , 424 sq. ; ecclesiastical
policy of, 108, 390 sqq. ; success of his
ecclesiastical policy, 395; relations with
Byzantine Empire, 396; with France, 397;
and England, ib. ; and Louis VII, 617 sqq. ;
alliance with Philip Augustus, 409; his
support of Henry the Lion, 401; breach
with Henry, 402 sq. ; tries and condemns
Henry, 404 sq. ; the Lombard League and,
Chap. XII; relations with Eugenius III,
190, 413 sg. ; his first expedition to Italy,
191, 194, 415; sacks various Milanese
castelli, 417 sq. ; alliance with Venice,
Genoa, and Pisa, 418; conference with the
Pope's ambassadors at San Quirico, 418 sq. ;
acts as Hadrian IV's squire, 419 sq. ; his
imperial coronation, 421; conflict with the
Romans, 420 sq. ; returns to Germany, 422;
negotiations with Byzantium, 191, 193,
196, 422; estrangement from Hadrian IV,
109, 424; quarrel over beneficia, xii, 390 sq. ,
425 sq. ; Italian campaign (1158), 426 sqq. ;
diet of Roncaglia, xx, 117 note, 427; re-
newed dispute with Hadrian, 429 sq. ; his
attitude towards Victor IV and Alexander
III, 431 sq. ; his capture and destruction of
Milan, 434 sq. ; forms alliance with Pavia
and Genoa, 435; failure of negotiations
with Louis VII, 436; renewed difficulties
in Italy, 437 sqq. ; his third expedition to
Italy, 437 sq. ; fourth expedition to Italy,
439 sqq. ; holds diet at Lodi, 439 sq. ; be-
sieges Rome, 441; destruction of his army
by pestilence, 442; leaves Italy, ib. ; affairs
in Germany (1168), 443; failure of nego-
tiations with Alexander III, 444; fifth
expedition to Italy, 444 $99. ; and battle of
Legnano, 446 sq. ; makes treaties of Anagni
and Venice, 447 sqq. ; makes Peace of Con.
stance with Lombards, 452; holds festival
## p. 966 (#1012) ###########################################
966
Index
at Mayence, 452; and Lucius III, 408, 453,
455 sqq. ; and Urban III, 408 sq. , 457 sq. ,
475; and Gregory VIII, 409, 458 sq. ; and
Clement III, 409, 459 sq. ; and the Third
Crusade, 310, 374, 409 sqq. , 459; his
death, 310, 412; 109, 138 note, 153 sq. ,
454, 467, 477
Frederick II, Western Emperor, birth of, 457,
472; elected king, 478; his renunciation of
imperial rights at ecclesiastical elections,
109; marries Yolande, daughter of John de
Brienne, 314; becomes King of Jerusalem,
ib. ; his crusade, ib. ; weakness of his rule
in Syria, 315 sq. ; 412, 476 sq.
Frederick, archbishop of Cologne, revolts
against Henry V, 159 sqq. ; 103, 335
Frederick of Lorraine, see Stephen IX, Pope
Frederick I of Hohenstaufen, duke of
Swabia, made duke, 140; governs Germany
in Henry IV's absence, 121 note, 146; his
claims to duchy confirmed, 148; death of,
150, 154 ; 147, 153
Frederick II of Hohenstaufen, duke of
Swabia, 153 sq. ; aids Henry V, 160;
governs Germany in Henry's absence,
161; his fame as a castle builder, 164
note; named by Henry V as his successor,
165; passed over at Mayence in favour of
Lothar, 165 sq. , 334 sqq. ; breach with
Lothar, 336, 338 sq. , 361 sq. ; anathe-
matised by Innocent II, 363; forced to sub-
mit to Lothar III, 340 sq. , 366; estranged
from Conrad III, 350; death of, 351; 381,
387, 404 note
Frederick IV of Rothenburg, duke of
Swabia, younger son of Conrad III, 379,
381; made duke, 384; supports Hugh of
Tübingen against Welf VI, 388; death of,
442; 387
Frederick V, duke of Swabia, son of
Frederick Barbarossa, knighted, 407; takes
the Cross, 410; dies, 472
Frederick, duke of Upper Lorraine, father of
Beatrice of Tuscany, 23
Frederick, duke of Bohemia, 389
Frederick, count-palatine of Saxony, leads
Saxons against Albert the Bear, 348
Frederick, count of Stade, unjustly im.
prisoned by Lothar of Saxony, 157
Frederick of Bogen, advocatus of Ratisbon,
his rebellion against Henry the Proud,
339 sq. ; supports Henry Jasomirgott
against the bishop of Ratisbon, 352
Freeman, E. A. , on battle of Hastings, 501
note
Fresnay, 517
Fressenda, second wife of Tancred de
Hauteville, 170
Fréteval, Henry II and Becket reconciled at,
Fruttuaria, monastery of, 22
Fulbert, bishop of Chartres, 3; and schools,
778
Fulbert, a tanner, grandfather of William
the Conqueror, 492
Fulcher of Chartres, chronicler, his report
of Urban II's speech at Clermont, 265;
305
Fulcher of Orleans, dubious identification
of, with Volkmar, 276
Fulda, abbey, 340, 661; peace of Henry VI
with Henry the Lion at, 460
Fulford, defeat of earls Edwin and Morkere
at, 499
Fulgentius Ferrandus, his arrangement of
canons, 709
Fulgorius, Raphael, the jurist, 740
Fulham, 507
Fulk Nerra, count of Anjou, 491; founds
a nunnery at Ronceray, 671
Fulk le Rechin, count of Anjou, and
William I, 517; opposes William II,
527; his influence in Maine, 529
Fulk V, count of Anjou, King of Jerusalem,
marries daughter of Baldwin II, 305;
succeeds to throne of Jerusalem, ib. ; and
Henry I, 539 sq.
Furness, monastery, 541, 684
Gaeta, duke of, defeated by Richard of
Aversa, 173; beginnings of commune at,
216
Galen, translated by William of Moerbeke,
814
Galeria, 36; count of, see Gerard
Galilee, principality of the kingdom of
Jerusalem, 302
Galliate, castello, destroyed by Frederick I,
417
Gallipoli, 411
Gallipoli, in Apulia, 173
Galluccio, 187
Gardie, 653
Garigliano, river, Innocent II defeated on,
187
Garlande, family of, and Louis VII, 620 sq.
Garlande, Anseau of, 595, 620
Garlande, Gilbert of, 620 sq.
Garlande, Païen of, 620
Garlande, Stephen of, 620 sq.
Garlande, William of, 620
Garonne, river, 616
Gascony, communes in, 627, 634
Gaudri, bishop of Laon, and Thomas of
Marle, 595
Gautier, archdeacon of Laon, 595
Gebhard, archbishop of Salzburg, given
power to create new bishops in his diocese,
46; hostile to Henry IV, 139; death of,
145
Gebhard, bishop of Constance, papal legate
in Germany, elected bishop, 142; creates
strong papal party in South Germany,
91 sq. , 139, 143; proclaimed spiritual head
of Swabia, at assembly at Ulm, 147; sup-
563 sq.
Frisians, expedition of Henry V against,
159; join Baldwin at Tarsus, 288; colonise
Slav lands, 399; 354
Fritzlar, Henry V begins his revolt at, 149
Frosinone, 416
## p. 967 (#1013) ###########################################
Index
967
ports revolt of Henry V, 150; consecrates
bishops appointed by Henry V, 98, 100;
censured by Paschal II, 101
Gebhard, bishop of Eichstädt, see Victor II,
Pope
Gebhard, name assumed by Jaromir, bishop
of Prague, 4
Gebhard, count of Supplinburg, father of
Lothar III, 334 sq.
Gelasius I, Pope, and presentation to bene-
fices, 7 sq. ; Gelasian theory, 56 sq. , 67
Gelasius II, Pope (John of Gaeta), 105;
excommunicates Henry V, 105, 161; death
of, 105, 666; 680
Gelnhausen, diet of (1180), 404 sq. ; diet at
(1186), 409, 458
Genoa, customs confirmed by Berengar II,
213 sq. ; consuls at, 220 sqq. ; geographical
position of, 229; wars with Muslims, 226,
266 sq. ; rivalry with Pisa, 226 sq. , 311,
316 sq. , 438; rivalry with Venice, 227, 316
sq. ; aids Baldwin I, 304 sq. , 329; develop-
ment of commerce of, during crusades, 312,
328 sqq. ; supports Innocent II, 366; opposes
Frederick I, 428; allies with Alexander
III, 435, 443 sg. ; alliance of William II
of Sicily with, 199; alliance of Henry VI
with, 201, 203, 464, 470 sqq.
Genoese, at Antioch, receive charter from
Bohemond, 295 note; ships at Jaffa, 295
sqq.
Gentile, bishop of Girgenti, one of Council
of Ten in Sicily, 197
Geoffrey, bishop of Coutances, 504; his
baronies, 511; rebels against William II,
521 sq.
Geoffrey, bishop-elect of Lincoln, illegiti.
mate son of Henry II, 568, 570, 572;
resigns, 579; chancellor, ib.
Geoffrey, abbot of Vendôme, visits Urban II
at Rome, 91
Geoffrey, duke of Brittany, son of King
Henry II, revolt of, 567; his death, 572
Geoffrey Martel, count of Anjou, and
William I, 494 sq. ; death of, 495
Geoffrey Plantagenet, count of Anjou,
marries Matilda, 540, 604; makes a truce
with Stephen, 542; invited to Caen by
Robert of Gloucester, 545; conquers
Normandy, 550, 607; Louis VII and, 605;
later relations with Louis, 608 sqq. ; death
of, 551, 611
Geoffrey, count of Nantes, brother of Henry
II, 555 sq. , 610 sq.
Geoffrey, count of Montescaglioso, his
rebellion crushed by William I of Sicily,
192
Geoffrey, son of Tancred de Hauteville, 170
Geoffrey of Conversano, revolts against
Robert Guiscard, 176, 180
Geoffrey of Donzy, 615
Geoffrey of Mayenne, and William I, 495;
stirs up revolt in Maine, 517
Geoffrey of Monmouth, his fabulouschronicle,
553
George of Antioch, grand emir of Sicily, 205;
heads Roger II's expeditions to Africa, 189;
his death, 190
George Maniaces, see Maniaces, George
Gerald of Windsor, defends Pembroke, 525
Gerard, cardinal-bishop of Ostia, papal legate
in France, 46
Gerard, bishop of Florence, see Nicholas II,
Pope
Gerard, bishop of Pisa, his award to the
city, 220
Gerard, St, bishop of Toul, abbot of St Evré,
24
Gerard, Master of the Hospital of St John
at Jerusalem, 305
Gerard de Rideford, Master of the Temple,
aids Guy de Lusignan to the throne, 309
Gerard of Brogne, 2; and monastic reform
in the Netherlands, 663
Gerard, count of Galeria, helps Benedict IX,
19; elects Benedict X, 35; 39; embassy to
Henry IV on death of Nicholas II, 42
Gerard, lord of Buonalbergo, seeks aid from
Robert Guiscard, 172
Gerard of Cremona, translates Aristotle,
812 sq.
Gerba, captured by Roger II, 189
Gerberoi, battle of, 519
Gerbert of Aurillac, see Sylvester II, Pope
Géré, a Norman baron, description of his
fief, 488
Gerhard, provost of Magdeburg, 392
Gerhohof Reichersperg, on freedom of
Church, 392
Germain de Granval, St, 771
Germany, Chaps. III, X, XII, XIV; reform of
monasteries in, 2; resentment in, against
papal authority, 60 sq. ; ravaged by pesti-
lence (1093), 92; permanent papal legate
in, 88; political and social structure of,
xvii sq. , 117 sqq. ; nobles in, xviii; towns
in, xix, 119 sq. ; effect of king's minority
on, xii; alliance of kings with bishops, 59,
123 sq. ; position of Henry IV in, in 1076,
139; evil state of, 141; rise of new noble
families in, 152 sq. ; famine in, 352 sq. ;
condition of, on accession of Frederick I,
381; feuds in, during Frederick's absence,
387 sqq. ; effect of fall of Henry the Lion
in, 405; position in, on the departure of
Frederick I to the Crusade, 459 sq. ;
development of Roman and canon law in,
752 sqq. ; Kings of, see Emperors of the
West
Germigny-sur-l'Aubois, 598
Gero, bishop of Halberstadt, 403
Gerold, bishop of Oldenburg, 399
Gersindis of Maine, wife of Azo, and William
I, 517
Gerstungen, assembly at, Henry IV makes
peace with Saxons, 132, 134, 143
Gertrude, daughter of Henry the Lion, widow
of Frederick of Rothenburg, marries Canute
VI of Denmark, 387
Gertrude, daughter of Lothar III, wife of
## p. 968 (#1014) ###########################################
968
Index
Henry the Proud, 153 sq. , 337; supports
Welf cause on death of Henry, 348; her
character, 349; marries Henry Jasomir-
gott, 350; death of, 350
Gertrude of Babenberg, half-sister of Conrad
III, marries Vladislav II of Bohemia, 352
Gertrude, countess of Holland, step-sister of
Lothar III, 164, 599
Gertrude, sister of Ekbert of Meissen, 145,
153; marries Henry the Fat, 145 sq. , 152;
her other marriages, 152 note
Gervais, archbishop of Rheims, 38
Gervase of Canterbury, chronicler, on
Gregory VIII, 458; on the Justiciar, 577
Gesta Francorum, on Alexius' claim to
Antioch, 294
Gesta Tancredi, on battle of Dorylaeum,
286 note; on strength of Baldwin and
Tancred, 288 note, 289 note
Geuksun (Coxon), 286
Géza I, King of Hungary, son of Béla of
Hungary, 113; expels Salomo, King of
Hungary, 85; marriage alliance with
Magnus of Saxony, 130; struggle with
Henry IV, 133; obtains a crown from
Michael VIII, 133
Géza II, King of Hungary,defeats Henry Jaso.
mirgott, 352; relations with Frederick I,
389
Ghent, 483, 599 sq. ; monastery of St Pierre
at, 663
Gherardesca family, become Pisan citizens,
224
Ghibelline (Weibling), first use of term, 349
Gibbon, on economic effects of the Crusades,
Giovenazzo, 192
Giraldus Cambrensis, chronicler,on Henry VI,
477
Girgenti, 176 sq.
Gisela, Empress, wife of Conrad II, 17 sq. ,
24
Gisors, Calixtus II meets Henry I at, 106,
603; Henry I annexes, 601 sqq. ; recovered
by Louis VI, 607; 609; 611 sq. ; occupied
by Henry II, 614; Henry II meets his
sons at, 569
Gisulf, prince of Salerno, established at
Salerno by Normans, 173; conflict with
Richard of Aversa, ib. ; negotiates with
Roger, 174; deprived of his states by
Guiscard, 179
Glamorgan,conquered by Robert Fitz Hamon,
525, 530
Glanville, Ranulf de, 571; his treatise on
English laws, 572; as justiciar, 578; a
sheriff, 580; a judge in the north, 585
Glastonbury, monastery, 509, 685, 691;
St Dunstan at, 663, 691
Gleichen, castle, 145
Glossators, the, at Bologna, 736 sqq.
Gloucester, Robert of Caen, earl of, illegiti-
mate son of Henry I, created earl, 536;
540 sqq. ; submits to Stephen, 543; takes
up arms for Matilda in Normandy, 544 sq. ;
invades England, 545; captures Stephen,
547; captured and exchanged, 548; con-
tinues the war, 549; dies, ib. ; 498 note
Gloucester, William, earl of, 568 sq.
Gloucester, honour of, 536
Gloucester, town and castle, 524, 537 sq. ,
547, 549, 555; miracle in, 564; abbey, 690
Gloucester Hall, Oxford, 689
Gloucestershire, 503, 580
Glycys, river, Norman army winters near, 182
Godalming, 523
Godebald, bishop of Utrecht, his revolt
against Henry V, 164
Godehard, bishop of Hildesheim, 3
Godfrey the Bearded, duke of Lorraine,
marries Beatrice of Tuscany, 31; assists
Alexander II, 43 sq. ; his challenge to
imperial authority, 112; his influence in
Italy, 114; marches against Normans,
45, 116, 178; death of, 49, 125 note; 33,
35, 115, 145
Godfrey II Gibbosus, duke of Lower Lorraine,
asked by Gregory VII for aid, 59; his
loyalty to Henry IV, 125 note; husband
of Matilda, ib. ; murder of, 135
Godfrey of Bouillon, heir of Duke Godfrey
of Lower Lorraine, 135; allotted ter ry
in Lorraine by Henry IV, 143; made duke
of Lower Lorraine, 145; joins First Crusade,
147, 274, 280 sq. , 300; his relations with
Alexius, 281 sq. , 284; at Nicaea, 285; at
battle of Dorylaeum, 286 sq. ; at siege of
Antioch, 291; marches to Jerusalem, 295;
storms city and defeats Egyptians at
Ascalon, 296 sq. ; 298; elected Defender
of the Holy Sepulchre, 296, 300; dies,
327 sq.
Gien, 615
Giffard, family, fiefs of, 511, 536 sq.
Giffard, Walter, earl of Buckingham, 522 sq. ;
supports Henry I, 528
Giffard, William, chancellor, 528
Gigny, abbey, 661 sq.
Gilbert de la Porrée, bishop of Poitiers,
theological opinions of, 376; attacked by
Walter of St Victor, 804; his philosophy,
809 sq.
Gilbert of Sempringham, founds his Order,
553, 682
Gilbert, count of Brionne, 491 sq.
Gilbert, count of Gravina, revolts against
William I, 195
Gilbert le Tonnelier (the Cooper, Buatere,
Botericus), first leader of Normans in
South Italy, 169
Gilbert de Clare, see Clare, Gilbert of
Gilbert of Mons, chronicler, on relations of
Frederick I and Henry the Lion, 402; his
account of Baldwin of Hainault, 411
Gilbertines, see Sempringham, Order of
Gilds, in Italian cities, 236 sq. ; in France,
637
Giles of Lessines, and Albertus Magnus,
821
Gioacchino (Joachim), the hermit, abbot of
Flora, 688; his mysticism, 804
## p. 969 (#1015) ###########################################
Index
969
300; his part in the First Crusade, 292,
300; legend of, 303; 304
Godfrey of Brabant, made duke of Lower
Lorraine by Henry V, 151; relations with
Lothar III, 338; and Flanders, 599; death
of, 350
Godfrey the younger, duke of Lower
Lorraine, 350 sq.
Godfrey, count of Calw, made count-palatine
of the Rhine, 159; governs Germany in
Henry V's absence, 161
Godfrey, count of Namur, aids Henry IV,
151
Godfrey, sub-deacon, nominated by Guido
as his successor as archbishop of Milan,
48; condemned by Alexander II, ib. ; in-
vested by Henry IV and consecrated, 49;
ignored by Henry IV and supplanted by
Tedald, 64 sq.
Godfrey of Viterbo, chronicler, on Conrad III,
358; on Henry VI, 454
Godwin, family of, 482
Godwine of Warwick, 576
Gometz, castle of, 593, 596 sq.
Gonville Hall, Cambridge, 690
Gorze, monastery of, 2, 13, 663
Goslar, council of (1019), 16; diet at (1070),
condemns Otto of Nordheim, 129; Henry IV
at, 130; besieged by Henry the Lion, 406;
122, 135, 140, 160, 336, 346, 357 sq. , 385,
394, 401, 403, 410
Gospatric, earl of Bernicia, rebels against
William I, 503 sq.
Gottschalk, leader of a band of crusaders, 276
Gottschalk, his views on predestination,
holds synod at Rome (1075), 38, 62 sqq. ;
efforts to enforce obedience in North Italy,
63 sqq. ; plans for crusade, 63, 147, 268,
271; conflict with Henry IV begins, 64,
134; ultimatum to Henry IV, 65 sq. , 135;
imprisoned by Cencius, 66; Henry's attack
on, 66 sq. , 135; excommunicates Henry,
67, 135; his justification, 67; goes north
to preside over council at Augsburg, 69;
absolves Henry at Canossa, 69 sqq. , 136 sq. ;
returns to Rome, 71; sends legates to diet
at Forchheim, 71; his neutrality on elec-
tion of Rudolf of Swabia, 71 sq. , 140; dis-
satisfaction of both kings with, 72; legisla-
tion of (1078-9), 72 sq. ; excommunicates
and deposes Henry IV (1080), 74 sq. , 141;
effect of sentence, 75 sq. ; deposed by
council of Brixen, 76, 141; seeks aid from
Normans, 76; relations with Normans,
76 sq. , 178 sqq. , 193; alliance with Robert
Guiscard, 77, 181; Romans begin to fail
him, 78; Henry IV victorious over, 79;
rescued by Robert Guiscard, 79; death of,
at Salerno, 80; summary of his work, 80;
his extreme claims the result of opposition,
81; his relations with France, 81 sqq. ;
with England, 84 sq. , 497,516; with other
countries, 85, 133; results of his policy,
85; position of his supporters at his death,
86; Cluny and, 665; and schools, 777 sq. ;
4, 13 note, 109 sqq. , 130, 143, 151 sq. , 391
Gregory VIII, anti-Pope, see Bourdin
Gregory VIII, Pope (Albert of Morra), 409,
458 sq. ; death of, 459
Gregory IX, Pope, and Aristotle, 818; issues
his Decretals, 713 sq. , 748; and the reform
of the Benedictine Order, 686; and the
Celestines, 688; and Frederick II's crusade,
314
Gregory XI, Pope, approves Order of Corpus
Christi, 692
Gregory XII, Pope, and abbey of Santa
Giustina, 693
Gregory XIII, Pope, issues official edition of
the Corpus iuris canonici, 714, 742
Gregory Papareschi, see Innocent II, Pope
Gregory, rival of Benedict VIII, 15
Gregory, naval prefect under Otto III, 14 sq.
Grimoald, King of the Lombards, and
Lombard law, 730
Grimoald of Bari, rebels against Roger II,
186
Groby, castle, 568 sq.
Groenendael, monastery, 694
Groot, Gerhard, of Deventer, mystic, 694
Grosmont, monastery, 669
Grosseteste, Robert, bishop of Lincoln, his
translations from Greek, 331, 812 sqq.
Gruffydd ap Cynan, prince of North Wales
(Gwynedd), 525
Guaimar IV, prince of Salerno, obtains aid
from Normans, 168 sq. ; death of, 169
Guaimar V, prince of Salerno, succeeds to
principality, 169; joined by Rainulf, 170;
chosen as leader by Normans, 171; de-
784 sq.
Gozzolini, Silvestro, 688
Grado, patriarch of, rights of, 18, 28
Grand Assize, see Assize of Windsor
Grande-Chartreuse, monastery of, 669 sq.
Grandmont, monastic order of, 668 sq.
Gratian, John, see Gregory VI, Pope
Gratian, canon-lawyer, his Decretum, 73,
706 sq. , 712 sqq. ; 711; teaches canon law
at Bologna, 742
Gravina, 176; concordat of, between Tancred
and Celestine III, 202, 465
Gregory I the Great, St, Pope, Gregory VII
and, 53 sq. , 72; 711
Gregory II, Pope, 711
Gregory IV, Pope, and war against Muslims,
268; 13 note
Gregory V, Pope, 22
Gregory VI, Pope (John Gratian), papacy of,
19; deposition and death of, 21; 22 sqq. ,
52, 69
Gregory VII, Pope (Hildebrand), ix sq. , xii;
Chaps. II, III; early life of, 19, 24 sq. ,
32 sqq. , 36 sqq. , 41, 49,51 sqq. , 174; elected
Pope, 51; his character and policy, 53 sqq. ;
situation of Papacy on his accession, 58 sq. ;
reconciliation with Henry IV, 59 sq. ; and
church reform, 60 sqq. ; reduces Siegfried,
archbishop of Mayence, to obedience, 60 sq. ;
relations with German episcopate, 53, 61 ;
## p. 970 (#1016) ###########################################
970
Index
Guy of Rochefort, 597, 602
Guzance, nunnery,
681
Gwynedd (North Wales), 525, 556 sq. ;
princes of, see Gruffydd, Owen
Gyrth, brother of Harold, killed at Hastings,
501
Gytha, mother of Harold, holds out against
William, 503
prived of Capua by Henry III, 172; murder
of, 173
Gualbert, St John, see John Gualbert
Guarino, bishop of Modena, and celibacy,
14
Guastalla, council of (1106), 101
Guibert of Nogent, on Thomas of Marle,
593
Guibert (anti-Pope Clement III), archbishop
of Ravenna, and the pa pal election decree,
37, 42; submits to Alexander II, 60; again
proclaims independence of his see, 64;
elected Pope at Brixen, 75 sq. , 141 sq. ;
his character, 76; enthroned as Clement
III, 79; expelled from Rome, 91; his
attitude on re-ordination, 93; and election
of Paschal II, 96; death of, 94, 96 sq. , 149;
87, 90, 143, 145, 182, 526
Guibert, chronicler, his report of Urban II's
speech at Clermont, 265
Guidi, counts, wars with Florence, 224
Guido of Crema (anti-Pope Paschal III),
elected Pope, 394 sq. , 438; canonises
Charlemagne, 439; at Viterbo, 440; at
Rome, 441; death of, 443; 397
Guido, cardinal, protects Arnold of Brescia,
372
Guido, archbishop of Milan, 28, 33, 39 sqq. ;
summoned to Rome, 42; conflict with
Pataria, 47 sq. ; resigns, but returns, 48;
death of, 48; 219
Guido, bishop of Arezzo, and simony, 26
Guido, son of the count of Biandrate,
nominated by Frederick I as archbishop
of Ravenna, 429
Guienne, communes in, 627, 650
Guifred of Cerdagne, archbishopof Narbonne,
10
Guigues du Châtel, prior of the Grande-
Chartreuse, 669 sq.
Guiscard, Robert, see Robert Guiscard
Guisnes, county of, 548; see also Vere
Gulielmus, a Pavese lawyer, 733
Guncelin of Hagen, count of Schwerin, and
the Wends, 398; aids Henry the Lion,
406
Gundisalvi, Dominic, translator and philo-
sopher, 811, 817
Gundobad, King of the Burgundians, his
Lex Gundobada, 722, 726; his Lex Romana
Burgundionum, 722
Gunther, archbishop of Cologne, 13
Guy de Lusignan, King of Jerusalem and
Cyprus, marries Sibylla, sister of Baldwin
IV, 309; his rule in Jerusalem, 310;
captured by Saladin, ib. ; besieges Acre,
ib. ; his rivalry with Conrad of Montferrat,
310 sq. ; receives Cyprus from Richard I,
311
Guy, archbishop of Rheims, 26
Guy, archbishop of Vienne, see Calixtus II,
Pope
Guy, count of Flanders, 404 note
Guy of Burgundy, and William I of
Normandy, 493
Hadrian I, Pope, his collection of canons
(Dionysio-Hadriana), 709; his (forged)
privilege to Charles the Great, 101
Hadrian IV, Pope (Nicholas Breakspear),
his accession and character, 415 sq. ; rela.
tions with Arnold of Brescia, 415 sq. ;
places Rome under interdict, 416; rela-
tions with William I of Sicily, 192 sq. ,
416 sq. ; signs treaty of Benevento with
Normans, 193; mediates between Manuel
VII and William I, 194; his alliance with
Normans against the Empire, ib. ; sends
an embassy to Frederick I, 418; meets
Frederick I, 419 sq. ; crowns Frederick,
421; his critical position in 1155, 423;
his war against William of Sicily, ib. ;
defeated and forced to make peace, 424;
his estrangement from Frederick I, ib. ;
quarrel over beneficia, xii, 109, 390 sq. ,
425 sq. ; disputes renewed, 429 sq. ; tries
to form league against Frederick, 430;
death of, 430; approves Rule of Order of
Grammont, 668; 111, 477, 805
Hadrianople, 411
Hainault, 410
Hākim, Fātimite Caliph, 252 sqq. ; his
character, 253; damages the Holy Sepul-
chre, 257
Halberstadt, seeof, dispute between Frederick
I and Henry the Lion as to, 403; captured
by Henry, 405; 344
Haldensleben, 401, 405 sq.
Halinard, archbishop of Lyons, reforms of,
10; proposed as Pope, 23
Halle, sack of, by Lothar III, 340
Halmyrus, see Almira
Halrefeld, Henry the Lion's victory at, 406
Hamāh, in Syria, 247, 249, 256, 261, 306, 315
Hamdān, Arab house of, 245 sqq. , 250 sq. ,
Hampshire, 581
Hanover, 460
Hanseatic League, alliance with Teutonic
Order, 333
Harbottle, castle, 570
Harding, Stephen, abbot of Cîteaux, 672 sqq.
,
681
Hārim, raiders from, defeated by crusaders,
290; capture of, ib. ; 247, 257
Harmenopulus, Constantinus, an Eastern
jurist, 719
Harold, King of England, his election, 481;
its justification, 482; his fear of William
of Normandy, 482 sq. ;
marries Ealdgyth,
497 ; defeats Harold Hardrada, 499; de-
feated and killed at Hastings, 500 sq.
254 sq.
## p. 971 (#1017) ###########################################
Index
971
Harold Hardrada, King of Norway, invades
England, 499; defeated and slain, ib.
Harold, brother of Canute of Schleswig,
344
Harrān, 263; Bohemond defeated at, 301
Harrow, manor of, 507
Hartwig, archbishop of Bremen, and Henry
the Lion, 356, 401, 460; deprived of regalia
by Frederick I, 393; Wendish bishoprics
and, 356, 399; death of, 401
Hartwig, archbishop of Magdeburg, at battle
of Pleichfeld, 144; relations with Henry
IV, 145
Hartwig, bishop of Ratisbon, and Frederick
I, 393
Hārūn ibn Khān, first Seljūg to gain footing
in Syria, 260
Harzburg, castle, Magnus confined in, 129;
Henry IV at, 131; destruction of, 132 sq.
Hasan, Zairid prince of Mahdiyah, and
Roger II, 189
Hasan al-'asam (Hasan al-a-sham), Qarma-
tian leader, 248
Hasan al-yāzūrī, minister of Mustanşir, 259
Hasan ibn 'Ammār, Fățimite governor in
Syria, 252
Hasan ibn Jaʼfar, sharif of Mecca, 253
Hassān, son of Mufarrij ibn Daghfal, 255
Hastings, battle of, 500 sq. ; 577
Haughley, castle, 569
Hauteville, in Normandy, 170, 493; house
of Hauteville, Chap. IV passim
Headda, schooling of, 771
Hébert, count, gives a charter to St Quentin,
626
Hélie, lord of la Flèche, in Maine, 527; re-
established as count of Maine, 529; and
Henry I, 530
Helmold, chronicler, on Henry the Lion and
the Wends, 399
Helmold of Schwerin, 460
Henfrid IV of Toron, marries Isabella, sister
of Baldwin IV, 309; refuses kingship,
310; divorced by Isabella, 311
Henry II, Western Emperor, ecclesiastical
policy of, 15 sqq. , 22; and South Italy,
168 sq. ; receives collective fealty from
Lombard towns, 214, 216; his grant to
Savona, 217
Henry III, Western Emperor, succeeds Con-
rad II, 19; ecclesiastical policy of, vii, 3, 14,
17 sqq. ; and Gregory VI, 21; his second
marriage, 21; in Italy (1054-5), 31; death
of, 31, 112; 26, 28, 32, 39 sq. ,52,59, 69, 83,
85, 109, 114, 118, 127, 152, 172, 345, 366,
394
Henry IV, Western Emperor, Chaps. II,
III; minority of, vii, xii, 31, 37, 39, 42,
44, 112 sqq. ; end of regency, 115; forced
to dismiss Adalbert, 116; personal govern-
ment begins, 116; marriage to Bertha of
Turin, ib. ; attempts to divorce her, 34,
117; his policy, 125 sq. ; his statesmanship
and character, 126; breach with Pope
Alexander II, 49, 59, 130; relations with
Poland, 130; and Saxony, xvii, 128 sqq. ;
Saxon revolt of 1073, 60, 130 sqq. ; his
reconciliation with Gregory VII, 59 sq. ,
131; and the treaty of Gerstungen, 132;
relations with Hungary, 133; defeats
Saxons on the Unstrut, 62, 64, 133 sq. ;
his harsh treatment of the Saxons, 134;
his challenge to the Pope over Milan, xii,
64 sq. , 130, 134; holds Council of Worms
(Jan. 1076), 66 sq. ; excommunicated, 67,
135 sq. ; effects of excommunication, 68,
135; and diet of Tribur, 68 sq. , 136 sq. ;
at Canossa, 69 sq. , 137; success of Henry's
plan, 71, 137; position in Germany on
coronation of Rudolf, 139; relations with
Pope, 72, 74, 139; his appointment of
dukes, 140; his diplomacy, 140 sq. ; second
excommunication of, in 1080, 74 sq. , 141;
council of Brixen deposes Gregory VII, and
sets up anti-Pope, 75, 141; expeditions to
Italy, 78, 142; captures Leonine city, 78;
captures Rome, 79; crowned Emperor by
anti-Pope, 79, 142; establishes his hold
in Germany, 143; proclaims the Peace of
God, ib. ; forced to leave Saxony again, 144;
end of Saxon revolt, ib. ; climax of his
power, 145; his second marriage, ib. ;
second campaign in Italy, 91, 146; revolt
of Conrad and Praxedis, ib. ; and First
Crusade, 147 sq. , 273; peace in Germany
(1098), 148; Henry V elected as his suc-
cessor, ib. ; Paschal II and, 97, 149; revolt
of Henry V, 97 sq. , 149 sqq. ; captured and
deposed by Henry V, 150 sq. ; escapes, 151;
death of, ib. ; character of his reign, 151
sq. ; his grant to Pisa, 220 note; 109 sq. ,
154, 158, 166, 179 sq. , 182 sq. , 665
Henry V, Western Emperor, Chaps. II, III;
elected as successor to Henry IV, 148;
revolts against Henry IV, 97 sq. , 149 sqq. ;
captures and imprisons Henry IV, 150 sq. ;
character of, 154; his forced reliance on
the nobles, 155; relations with Paschal II,
86,96 sqq. ,100 sqq. ,155 sq. ; German policy
of, 156 sqq. ; marries Matilda, daughter of
Henry I, 159, 604; conflict with Adalbert
of Mayence, 104, 158 sqq. ; revolt of 1115
against, 159; second expedition to Italy,
104 sq. , 160 sq. ; excommunicated by
Gelasius II, 105 sq. , 161; relations with
Calixtus II, 106 sqq. , 161 sqq. ; and the Diet
of Würzburg (1121), 162; and the Concordat
of Worms,107 sq. , 163; results of his struggle
with Papacy, 163 sq. ; his position in Ger-
many, ib. ; relations with Lotharof Saxony,
164; relations with Bohemia, Hungary,
and Poland, 113, 165; last years and death,
165 sq. , 334; his character and policy,
166; his diplomas to Italian communes,
231; 104, 117, 121, 125 sq. , 161
Henry VI, Western Emperor, Chap. XIV;
his character, 454, 479 sq. ; crowned King
of Germany, 407; and of Italy, 408, 457;
his marriage with Constance of Sicily, 408,
453, 456 sq. ; regent in Germany during
## p. 972 (#1018) ###########################################
972
Index
absences of Frederick I, 407 sq. , 410, Henry VIII, King of England, 696
459 sq. ; his first Italian expedition, 202, Henry I, King of France, and Leo IX, 26 sq. ;
462 sqq. ; crowned Emperor, 464; fails helped by Robert I of Normandy, 490 sq. ;
to defeat Tancred, 201 sq. , 464; difficulties helps William of Normandy, 493; attacks
in Germany, 465 sqq. ; his ecclesiastical William but is defeated, 494
appointments, 466; imprisons Richard I, Henry, King of the Romans, son of Conrad
467; general revolt against, ib. ; his skil III, elected, 353, 375; defeats Welf VI, 357,
ful policy, 467 sq. ; Philip Augustus and, 378; death of, 379, 381
467 sqq. ; his second expedition to Sicily, Henry, King, son of Henry II of England,
203, 470 sqq. ; crowned at Palermo, 471; 555; crowned, 563; his position, 566 sq. ;
his settlement of Sicily, 471 sq. ; extent of rebels, 567 sqq. , 614; his rebellion sap-
his empire, 472 sq. ; relations with Eastern pressed, 571; betrothed to Margaret,
Empire, 473; takes the Cross, 473 sq. ; daughter of Louis VII, 611; married, 612;
his plans to make the kingship hereditary, does homage to Louis VII for Normandy,
474 sqq. ; relations with Papacy, ib. , 613; death of, 572
463; preparations for the crusade, 478 sq. ; Henry, King of Jerusalem, count of Cham-
rebellion in Sicily, 479; his power, xii sqq. ; pagne, succeeds Conrad of Montferrat, 311;
his death, 479
death of, 313
Henry I, King of England, Chap. xvi; rela Henry de Lusignan, King of Cyprus, attempts
tions with William II and Robert, 523 sq. ; to restore union among Christians at Acre,
reconciliation of William with, 527; his 318
reign, 527 sqq. ; his coronation, 528; his Henry, cardinal-bishop of Albano, helps to
charter of liberties, ib. ; marries Edith, reconcile Frederick I and Philip of Cologne,
529; quells a rebellion, 529 sq. ; invades 409; 410
Normandy, 530; defeats Robert at Tinche Henry of Susa, cardinal-bishop of Ostia, his
brai, 531; his quarrel with Anselm, 99 Summa Aurea, 742; 757
sq. , 531 sq. ; Calixtus II and, 106; his re Henry, cardinal of SS. Nereus and Achilleus,
organisation of the government, 532 sqq. ; sent by Hadrian IV as legate to William I
and Roger of Salisbury, 533 sq. ; his of Sicily, 416
personal activities, 535; dealings with Henry, archbishop of Mayence, objects to
the barons, 535 sqq. , and with the trading election of Frederick I, 381 note; deposed
classes, 537 sqq. ; his victory in Normandy, by Frederick I, 394
539, 602; and the succession, 539 sq. ; his Henry, bishop of Augsburg, his influence on
death, 540; Emperor Henry V and, 159, 165 the regent Agnes, 112
Henry II, King of England, Chap. XVII; Henry, bishop of Minden, removed by Frede-
birth of, 540; visits to England (1142), rick I, 394
549; becomes duke of Normandy, 551; Henry of Wolfratshausen, elected bishop of
marries Eleanor of Aquitaine, ib. ; invades Ratisbon, 340
England, ib. ; makes peace with Stephen, Henry of Blois, bishop of Winchester, 542;
552; crowned King of England, ib. ; extent papal legate, 545; and Matilda, 547 sq. ;
of his lands, 554; secures the kingdom, mediates peace of Wallingford, 552
555; his foreign policy, 396 sq. , 402, 406 Henry the Black, duke of Bavaria, son of
sq. , 555 sq. , 608 sqq. ; relations with Wales duke Welf IV of Bavaria, marries Wulfhild,
and Scotland, 556 sq. ; quarrel with Bec 152; succeeds to duchyof Bavaria, ib. , 154;
ket, 159, 397, 558 sqq. , 613; the Constitu 153 sg. ; and the election of Lothar III, 336;
tions of Clarendon and, 559 sqq. ; renewed last days of, 337
quarrel with Becket, 561 sq. ; and the Henry the Proud, duke of Bavaria, 153 sq. ,
council of Northampton, 561; exiles Bec 188; his wealth and power, 337, 345;
ket's kinsfolk, 562; reconciled with Bec marries Gertrude, daughter of Lothar III,
ket, 563 sq. ; and Becket's murder, 564 sq. ; 337; attacks Frederick of Swabia at Zwi-
and Ireland, 565 sq. ; absolved by the falten, 338 sq. ; with Lothar III in Italy,
Pope, 566; and his sons, 566 sqq. ; his 366 sq. ; rebellions in his duchy, 340;
attempt to provide for John, 567; and the opposition to his succession to Lothar,
rebellion of 1173-4, 567 sqq. ; suppresses 346; relations with Conrad III, 346 sqq. ;
the rebellion, 571; relations with French his death, 347; effect of his death, 348
Kings, 571 sq. , 608 sqq. ; his last quarrels Henry the Lion, duke of Saxony and
with his sons, 572; his influence on Eng. Bavaria, his minority, 348; receives duchy
lish law, 572 sqq. ; and the Assize of of Saxony, 349; crusade against Wends,
Clarendon, 584; his judicial experiments, 355; his rule in Saxony, 356 sq. , 401;
585 sq. ; and the Grand Assize, 587 sq. ; early relations with Frederick I, 384 sq. ;
and new writs, 589; and financial organi awarded duchy of Bavaria, 385; his
sation, 590; importance of his reign, 591; mediation between Emperor and Pope,
relations with William II of Sicily, 198; 426; assists Emperor in Italy, 428; buys
and Fontevrault, 671; 159, 384, 409
family inheritance in Italy, 386; effect of
Henry V, King of England, 692
his power in Germany, ib. ; relations with
## p. 973 (#1019) ###########################################
Index
973
Henry, count of Montescaglioso, one of
Council of Ten in Sicily, 197
Henry Aristippus, appointed by William I
to succeed Maio, 195; imprisoned, 196;
translates work of Gregory Nazianzen at
Sicilian court, 207
Henry of Brabant, Dominican, his learning,
332
Heraclea, crusaders at, 288
Herard, archbishop of Tours, and schools,
777
Herbert, count of Maine, 495
Herbert, chaplain of Conrad III, 357
Hereford, town, 538, 555, 580; see of, 511
Hereford, earldom of, created by William I,
509, 512, 524; created by Matilda, 548;
earls of, see Fitz Osbern, Miles, Roger
Herefordshire, 503, 521; lost to Stephen,
545
Hereward, his rebellion against William I,
504 sq.
Denmark, 386 sq. ; feud with rival princes
in Saxony, 388; subdues the Wends, 397
sqq. ; and Pomerania, 400; his encourage
ment of commerce, 400; marries Matilda,
daughter of Henry II of England, 397, 402;
goes on pilgrimage to Jerusalem, 402; his
breach with Frederick, 402 sqq. , 443, 445
sq. ; trial and fall of, 404 sq. ; effects of his
fall, 405; tries to obtain foreign aid, 406;
banished, 407; returns from banishment,
409; renewed exile of, 410, 459; returns
to Germany, 460; makes peace with
Henry VI at Fulda, 460 sq. ; again revolts,
465; reconciled with Henry VI, 469; last
years and death of, ib. ; 350, 408
Henry Jasomirgott, duke of Bavaria, later of
Austria, succeeds to margravate of Austria,
349; receives Bavaria, 350; marries Ger-
trude, ib. ; his feud with the bishop of
Ratisbon, 352; takes the Cross, 353; rela-
tions with Frederick I, 384 sq. ; loses
Bavaria, but created duke of Austria, 385;
his privileges, ib. ; 154 note
Henry of Limburg, duke of Lower Lorraine,
aids Henry IV, 151; 338
Henry of Limburg, claims duchy of Lower
Lorraine, 350
Henry, duke of Brabant, 466
Henry, count-palatine of the Rhine, governs
Germany in Henry IV's absence, 121 note,
146; death of, 146
Henry, son of Henry the Lion, handed over
as hostage to Henry VI, 460 sq. ; goes on
Sicilian expedition but escapes, 464;
marries Agnes, cousin of Henry VI, 469
Henry, margrave of the North Mark, 145
Henry of Eilenburg, margrave of the East
Mark (Lusatia), given the margravate of
Meissen, 145; death of, 152 note
Henry, margrave of Meissen and the East
Mark, posthumous son of Henry of Eilen.
burg, 152 note, 164
Henry the Fat, count of Nordheim, son
of Otto of Nordheim, 145; his important
position, 146; marries Gertrude, 145, 152
sq. ; death of, ib. ; Richenza his heiress, 334
Henry II, count of Namur and Luxemburg,
advocatus of the abbey of St Maximin,
350; 411
Henry, count of Groitsch, 339
Henry of Badwide, defeats the Wends, 354
Henry, son of Gottschalk, his rule in Nord-
albingia, 344
Henry of Kalden, marshal of the Empire,
leads troops against Tancred, 462; sup-
presses rising in Sicily, 479
Henry, son of King David of Scotland, earl
of Huntingdon, 543; made earl of North-
umberland by Stephen, 544
Henry, count of Champagne, aids Louis VII,
610, 614; negotiates between Frederick I
and Louis VII, 397, 617 sqq. ; gives a
charter to Meaux, 639
Henry, count of Monte Sant'Angelo, rebels
against Guiscard, 180
Herlogaud, abbot of Saint-Bénigne, 659
Herluin, Norman knight, founds the
monastery of Bec, 491
Herluin of Conteville, marries Arlette, 496
Herman II, archbishop of Cologne, receives
pallium from Leo IX, 34
Herman III, archbishop of Cologne, 145
Herman, bishop of Bamberg, 62, 125 note
Herman, bishopof Hildesheim, his opposition
to Henry the Lion, 401
Herman, bishop of Metz, 66 note; letters
of Gregory VII to, 67 sq. , 75, 78; recon-
ciled with Henry IV, 145; death of, 92
Herman, bishop of Toul, death of, 24
Herman Billung,count, uncle of duke Magnus
of Saxony, his revolt in 1073, 131; won over
by Henry IV, 141
Herman, count of Salm, elected anti-king,
78, 117, 142; his failure and death, 142;
144
Herman, count-palatine of the Rhine, 142
Herman of Stahleck, count-palatine of the
Rhine, his quarrels with Arnold of
Mayence, 387; his punishment and death,
ib.
Herman of Winzenburg, landgrave of
Thuringia, appointed margrave of Meissen,
164; sentenced to loss of his fiefs by
Lothar III, 339 sq. ; a supporter of Albert
the Bear, 347; his inheritance, 384
Herman, landgrave of Thuringia, his oppo-
sition to Henry VI, 465, 467, 475, 477
Herman, nephew of Robert Guiscard, 173,
178, 182
Herman, translator of Aristotle, 813 sq.
Hermann von Salza, Master of the Teutonic
Knights, 332
Herrevad, Cistercian abbey, 677
Hersfeld, Henry IV at monastery of, 131;
Conrad III assembles army at, 347
Hertford, town, 537
Hertford, earldom of, created by Stephen,
548; earls of, see Clare
Hertfordshire, 501, 508, 548
## p. 974 (#1020) ###########################################
974
Index
Hervé, archbishop of Rheims, and synod of
Trosly, 4
Hervé, a Breton, made bishop of Bangor,
525
Hervé of Donzy, 615
Hesse, 158
Heudicourt, 612
Heugo, a Norman, 488
Hiesmois, the, comté, 485; count of, 191 sq. ;
vicomté of, 493, 543
Hilary, bishop of Chichester, 558
Hildebrand, see Gregory VII, Pope
Hilduin, archbishop of Milan, 2
Hilduin, abbot of St Denis, reforms Saint-
Denis, 659
Hillin,archbishop of Trèves, sent by Frederick
I on embassy to Rome, 382; 393
Himerius, bishop of Tarragona, 768
Hims (Emesa), Syrian town, 245, 247, 249
sq. , 252, 255 sq. , 258, 260 sq. , 264, 290,
306; see also Bakjūr, Janāḥ-ad-Daulah
Hincmar, archbishop of Rheims, views on
patronage, 8; on clerical celibacy, 12; and
schools, 777; reforms Saint-Denis, 659
Hincmar, bishop of Laon, and lay ownership
of churches, 8
Hippocrates, translated by William of Moer.
beke, 814
Hirschau, monastery, 143, 663 sq.
Hispana, Spanish collection of canons,
709 sqq.
Hittin, Saladin defeats Guy de Lusignan at,
310, 459
Hoel, duke of Brittany, and William I,
518
Hohen-Mölsen, Rudolf defeats Henry IV at,
141
Hohenstaufen, family of, aim at inde-
pendent power in Swabia, 163 sq. ; struggle
with Lothar III, 337 sq. ; failure of, in
Germany and Italy, 339 sq. ; make peace
with Lothar III, 345; renewed feud with
Welfs, 346 sq. ; alliance with French Kings,
397; temporary breach in alliance, 468 sq. ;
receive Swabian inheritance of Welf VI,
466; 111,140,154, 334; see also Conrad III,
Frederick I, II, Frederick duke of Swabia,
Henry, Otto, Philip
Hoier, count of Mansfeld, 159
Holland, county of, colonists from, 354
Holme, abbey of St Benet of, 576; abbot of,
578
Holstein, missionary work in, 344; 354, 398,
407, 460 sq. , 465; counts of, see Adolf
Holy Cross, abbey at Coimbra, 679
Holy Land, see Palestine and Jerusalem,
kingdom of
Holy Sepulchre, church of, ruined by Hākim,
254; right to restore, given to Eastern Em-
peror, 256; renovation of, 257 sq. ; bull of
Sergius IV on restoration of, 268 sq.
Honorius II, anti-Pope, see Cadalus
Honorius II, Pope, relations with Roger II,
185; supports Lothar, 339, 361; his
difficulties, 362 sqq. ; death of, 342, 363
Honorius III, Pope (Cencio Savelli), and the
Liber Censuum, x sq. ; his Decretals, 713;
condemns John the Scot's De Dirisione
Naturae, 787 sq. ; forbids Roman Law to
be taught in the University of Paris, 751;
and Premonstratensians, 680
Hospitallers, see Knights of St John
Hotman, the jurist, 752
Houdan, castle of, 593, 596
Hovedö, Cistercian abbey, 677
Hubert, abbot of Farfa, 5
Hubert of Sainte-Suzanne, rebels against
William I, 517
Hubert Walter, archbishop of Canterbury,
312, 323, 578
Hubert, papal legate to England, 84
Hugh, King of Italy, and monastic reform,
2, 5, 662
Hugh III, King of Cyprus, his claim to
kingdom of Jerusalem, 317
Hugh, archbishop of Lyons, formerly bishop
of Die, papal legate in France, 82 sq. ,
87 sqq. ; made archbishop, 83, 110; and
Victor III, 87 sq. ; excommunicates Philip I,
94; letter of Urban II to, 95; aids founda-
tion of Cîteaux, 672
Hugh, bishop of Grenoble, and the Car.
thusian Order, 669
Hugh, bishop of Langres, 25 sqq.
Hugh, abbot of Cluny, his rule, 665; and
Gregory VII, 52, 54; at Canossa, 69 sq. ;
39, 87
Hugh, abbot of Farfa, 664
Hugh of Tübingen,count-palatine of Swabia,
leader of German crusaders, 275; death of,
276
Hugh, count-palatine of Tübingen, his feud
with Welf VI, 388
Hugh, vicomte of Avranches, made earl of
Chester, 507; his rent-roll, ib. ; 511 sq. ;
wars in Wales, 525
Hugh, earl of Chester, rebels against Henry
II, 567 sqq.
Hugh, duke of Burgundy (French), leads
French in the Third Crusade, 311
Hugh, count of Troyes, 602
Hugh III, count of Maine, 517
Hugh, count of Vermandois, his part in the
First Crusade, 273, 280
Hugh of St Victor, his philosophy, 800 sqq. ;
his praise of allegory, 803
Hugh de Payen, founder of the Knights
Templars, 305 sq.
Hugh of Crécy, and Louis VI, 596 sq. ; 602
Hugh of Gournay, 536, 543
Hugh of Le Puiset, and Louis VI, 594 sq. ,
597, 602
Hugo Candidus, cardinal, and Gregory VII,
54
Hugo, count of Egisheim, father of Leo IX,
24
Hugo Falcandus, chronicler, 191, 196
Hugo, the glossator, 737
Hugolinus, the glossator, 737
Huguccio, the canonist, 742
## p. 975 (#1021) ###########################################
Index
975
Hull, charterhouse at, 692
Humber, river, 482, 499, 504, 507
Humbert, archbishop of Milan, see Urban III,
Pope
Humbert, of Moyenmoutier, cardinal-bishop
of Silva Candida, 26 sq. ; sent to southern
Italy, 28; legate at Constantinople, 29;
proposed as Pope, 32; legate at Benevento
and Ravenna, 34; and Berengar, 37; death
of, 49, 52; his Liber adversus Symoniacos,
63; 35, 39, 92
Humbert III, count of Maurienne, 442, 567
Humbert, son of Tancred de Hauteville,
170
Humfred, archbishop of Ravenna, 28
Humphrey, son of Tancred de Hauteville,
170; leads Normans in support of Gisulf,
173; death of, ib.
Humphrey de Vetulis of Beaumont, founds
monastery of Préaux, 491
Hungary, Pope Leo IX and, 25, 29;
Gregory VII claims authority over, 85,
90; its relations with Henry IV, 113, 133;
Henry V and, 155, 165; dispute as to
succession in, 345, 352; relations with
Frederick I, 388 sq. ; 115, 160, 667; Kings
of, see Andrew, Béla, Géza, Koloman,
Ladislas, Salomo, Stephen
Huntingdon, town, 503, 531, 583; besieged,
571 ; honour of, 536, 543, 556; earldom
of, 567, 571; earls of, see David, Henry,
Malcolm IV, Simon de Sentliz
Huntingdonshire, 483
Husain ibn 'Ubaidallāh, Ikhshid governor
of Syria, 248
Hyacinth, cardinal, see Celestine III,
Pope
Hythe, borough, 538; castle of, 558
Innocent I, Pope, and celibacy, 11
Innocent II, Pope (Gregory Papareschi),
election of, 363; opposed by Anacletus, ib. ;
flees to France, ib. ; supported by France,
England, and Lothar III, ib. ; his contest
with Anacletus, 364 sqq. ; relations with
Lothar, 342 sq. , 367, 392; and Louis VII,
605 sq. ; taken prisoner by Roger II, 187
sq. , 368; England and, 542; his division
of Sardinia and Corsica between Pisa and
Genoa, 227; and abbey of St Maximin,
350; and Rule of St Augustine, 679; death
of, 370; 186, 383, 477
Innocent III, Pope (Lotario de Conti), 111,
322, 324; on Henry VI, 468, 471, 477; on
monastic reform, 685; proclaims Fourth
Crusade, 314
Innocent IV, Pope (Sinibaldo de' Fieschi),
321; forms the first “Missionary Society,"
325; relaxes monastic discipline, 686; his
Summa of the Decretals, 742
Innocent VIII, Pope, attempts at monastic
reform, 695
In Trullo, Council, canons of, 11, 708
Ipswich, 483, 538, 551
Ireland, 554 note; Henry II and, 555,565 sq. ;
schools in, 770; knowledge of Greek in,
785; monasticism in, 677
Irene, daughter of Isaac Angelus, marries
Roger, son of Tancred, 202; marries Philip
of Hohenstaufen, 473, 479; 471
Irford, nunnery, 681
Irish Channel, 504
Irnerius, the glossator of Bologna, his
work on the Digest, 735; his glosses,
737 sq.
Ibn al-athir, Arab historian, 257 note
Ibn al-Hawwās, Muslim emir in Sicily, 176
sq.
Ibn ath-Thimnah, Muslim emir in Sicily,
176; death of, 177
Ibn Daghfal, Arab chief, 249, 253 sqq.
divorces Adelaide and marries Beatrix of
Burgundy, 390; the diet of Besançon
(1157), 390 sq. , 424 sq. ; ecclesiastical
policy of, 108, 390 sqq. ; success of his
ecclesiastical policy, 395; relations with
Byzantine Empire, 396; with France, 397;
and England, ib. ; and Louis VII, 617 sqq. ;
alliance with Philip Augustus, 409; his
support of Henry the Lion, 401; breach
with Henry, 402 sq. ; tries and condemns
Henry, 404 sq. ; the Lombard League and,
Chap. XII; relations with Eugenius III,
190, 413 sg. ; his first expedition to Italy,
191, 194, 415; sacks various Milanese
castelli, 417 sq. ; alliance with Venice,
Genoa, and Pisa, 418; conference with the
Pope's ambassadors at San Quirico, 418 sq. ;
acts as Hadrian IV's squire, 419 sq. ; his
imperial coronation, 421; conflict with the
Romans, 420 sq. ; returns to Germany, 422;
negotiations with Byzantium, 191, 193,
196, 422; estrangement from Hadrian IV,
109, 424; quarrel over beneficia, xii, 390 sq. ,
425 sq. ; Italian campaign (1158), 426 sqq. ;
diet of Roncaglia, xx, 117 note, 427; re-
newed dispute with Hadrian, 429 sq. ; his
attitude towards Victor IV and Alexander
III, 431 sq. ; his capture and destruction of
Milan, 434 sq. ; forms alliance with Pavia
and Genoa, 435; failure of negotiations
with Louis VII, 436; renewed difficulties
in Italy, 437 sqq. ; his third expedition to
Italy, 437 sq. ; fourth expedition to Italy,
439 sqq. ; holds diet at Lodi, 439 sq. ; be-
sieges Rome, 441; destruction of his army
by pestilence, 442; leaves Italy, ib. ; affairs
in Germany (1168), 443; failure of nego-
tiations with Alexander III, 444; fifth
expedition to Italy, 444 $99. ; and battle of
Legnano, 446 sq. ; makes treaties of Anagni
and Venice, 447 sqq. ; makes Peace of Con.
stance with Lombards, 452; holds festival
## p. 966 (#1012) ###########################################
966
Index
at Mayence, 452; and Lucius III, 408, 453,
455 sqq. ; and Urban III, 408 sq. , 457 sq. ,
475; and Gregory VIII, 409, 458 sq. ; and
Clement III, 409, 459 sq. ; and the Third
Crusade, 310, 374, 409 sqq. , 459; his
death, 310, 412; 109, 138 note, 153 sq. ,
454, 467, 477
Frederick II, Western Emperor, birth of, 457,
472; elected king, 478; his renunciation of
imperial rights at ecclesiastical elections,
109; marries Yolande, daughter of John de
Brienne, 314; becomes King of Jerusalem,
ib. ; his crusade, ib. ; weakness of his rule
in Syria, 315 sq. ; 412, 476 sq.
Frederick, archbishop of Cologne, revolts
against Henry V, 159 sqq. ; 103, 335
Frederick of Lorraine, see Stephen IX, Pope
Frederick I of Hohenstaufen, duke of
Swabia, made duke, 140; governs Germany
in Henry IV's absence, 121 note, 146; his
claims to duchy confirmed, 148; death of,
150, 154 ; 147, 153
Frederick II of Hohenstaufen, duke of
Swabia, 153 sq. ; aids Henry V, 160;
governs Germany in Henry's absence,
161; his fame as a castle builder, 164
note; named by Henry V as his successor,
165; passed over at Mayence in favour of
Lothar, 165 sq. , 334 sqq. ; breach with
Lothar, 336, 338 sq. , 361 sq. ; anathe-
matised by Innocent II, 363; forced to sub-
mit to Lothar III, 340 sq. , 366; estranged
from Conrad III, 350; death of, 351; 381,
387, 404 note
Frederick IV of Rothenburg, duke of
Swabia, younger son of Conrad III, 379,
381; made duke, 384; supports Hugh of
Tübingen against Welf VI, 388; death of,
442; 387
Frederick V, duke of Swabia, son of
Frederick Barbarossa, knighted, 407; takes
the Cross, 410; dies, 472
Frederick, duke of Upper Lorraine, father of
Beatrice of Tuscany, 23
Frederick, duke of Bohemia, 389
Frederick, count-palatine of Saxony, leads
Saxons against Albert the Bear, 348
Frederick, count of Stade, unjustly im.
prisoned by Lothar of Saxony, 157
Frederick of Bogen, advocatus of Ratisbon,
his rebellion against Henry the Proud,
339 sq. ; supports Henry Jasomirgott
against the bishop of Ratisbon, 352
Freeman, E. A. , on battle of Hastings, 501
note
Fresnay, 517
Fressenda, second wife of Tancred de
Hauteville, 170
Fréteval, Henry II and Becket reconciled at,
Fruttuaria, monastery of, 22
Fulbert, bishop of Chartres, 3; and schools,
778
Fulbert, a tanner, grandfather of William
the Conqueror, 492
Fulcher of Chartres, chronicler, his report
of Urban II's speech at Clermont, 265;
305
Fulcher of Orleans, dubious identification
of, with Volkmar, 276
Fulda, abbey, 340, 661; peace of Henry VI
with Henry the Lion at, 460
Fulford, defeat of earls Edwin and Morkere
at, 499
Fulgentius Ferrandus, his arrangement of
canons, 709
Fulgorius, Raphael, the jurist, 740
Fulham, 507
Fulk Nerra, count of Anjou, 491; founds
a nunnery at Ronceray, 671
Fulk le Rechin, count of Anjou, and
William I, 517; opposes William II,
527; his influence in Maine, 529
Fulk V, count of Anjou, King of Jerusalem,
marries daughter of Baldwin II, 305;
succeeds to throne of Jerusalem, ib. ; and
Henry I, 539 sq.
Furness, monastery, 541, 684
Gaeta, duke of, defeated by Richard of
Aversa, 173; beginnings of commune at,
216
Galen, translated by William of Moerbeke,
814
Galeria, 36; count of, see Gerard
Galilee, principality of the kingdom of
Jerusalem, 302
Galliate, castello, destroyed by Frederick I,
417
Gallipoli, 411
Gallipoli, in Apulia, 173
Galluccio, 187
Gardie, 653
Garigliano, river, Innocent II defeated on,
187
Garlande, family of, and Louis VII, 620 sq.
Garlande, Anseau of, 595, 620
Garlande, Gilbert of, 620 sq.
Garlande, Païen of, 620
Garlande, Stephen of, 620 sq.
Garlande, William of, 620
Garonne, river, 616
Gascony, communes in, 627, 634
Gaudri, bishop of Laon, and Thomas of
Marle, 595
Gautier, archdeacon of Laon, 595
Gebhard, archbishop of Salzburg, given
power to create new bishops in his diocese,
46; hostile to Henry IV, 139; death of,
145
Gebhard, bishop of Constance, papal legate
in Germany, elected bishop, 142; creates
strong papal party in South Germany,
91 sq. , 139, 143; proclaimed spiritual head
of Swabia, at assembly at Ulm, 147; sup-
563 sq.
Frisians, expedition of Henry V against,
159; join Baldwin at Tarsus, 288; colonise
Slav lands, 399; 354
Fritzlar, Henry V begins his revolt at, 149
Frosinone, 416
## p. 967 (#1013) ###########################################
Index
967
ports revolt of Henry V, 150; consecrates
bishops appointed by Henry V, 98, 100;
censured by Paschal II, 101
Gebhard, bishop of Eichstädt, see Victor II,
Pope
Gebhard, name assumed by Jaromir, bishop
of Prague, 4
Gebhard, count of Supplinburg, father of
Lothar III, 334 sq.
Gelasius I, Pope, and presentation to bene-
fices, 7 sq. ; Gelasian theory, 56 sq. , 67
Gelasius II, Pope (John of Gaeta), 105;
excommunicates Henry V, 105, 161; death
of, 105, 666; 680
Gelnhausen, diet of (1180), 404 sq. ; diet at
(1186), 409, 458
Genoa, customs confirmed by Berengar II,
213 sq. ; consuls at, 220 sqq. ; geographical
position of, 229; wars with Muslims, 226,
266 sq. ; rivalry with Pisa, 226 sq. , 311,
316 sq. , 438; rivalry with Venice, 227, 316
sq. ; aids Baldwin I, 304 sq. , 329; develop-
ment of commerce of, during crusades, 312,
328 sqq. ; supports Innocent II, 366; opposes
Frederick I, 428; allies with Alexander
III, 435, 443 sg. ; alliance of William II
of Sicily with, 199; alliance of Henry VI
with, 201, 203, 464, 470 sqq.
Genoese, at Antioch, receive charter from
Bohemond, 295 note; ships at Jaffa, 295
sqq.
Gentile, bishop of Girgenti, one of Council
of Ten in Sicily, 197
Geoffrey, bishop of Coutances, 504; his
baronies, 511; rebels against William II,
521 sq.
Geoffrey, bishop-elect of Lincoln, illegiti.
mate son of Henry II, 568, 570, 572;
resigns, 579; chancellor, ib.
Geoffrey, abbot of Vendôme, visits Urban II
at Rome, 91
Geoffrey, duke of Brittany, son of King
Henry II, revolt of, 567; his death, 572
Geoffrey Martel, count of Anjou, and
William I, 494 sq. ; death of, 495
Geoffrey Plantagenet, count of Anjou,
marries Matilda, 540, 604; makes a truce
with Stephen, 542; invited to Caen by
Robert of Gloucester, 545; conquers
Normandy, 550, 607; Louis VII and, 605;
later relations with Louis, 608 sqq. ; death
of, 551, 611
Geoffrey, count of Nantes, brother of Henry
II, 555 sq. , 610 sq.
Geoffrey, count of Montescaglioso, his
rebellion crushed by William I of Sicily,
192
Geoffrey, son of Tancred de Hauteville, 170
Geoffrey of Conversano, revolts against
Robert Guiscard, 176, 180
Geoffrey of Donzy, 615
Geoffrey of Mayenne, and William I, 495;
stirs up revolt in Maine, 517
Geoffrey of Monmouth, his fabulouschronicle,
553
George of Antioch, grand emir of Sicily, 205;
heads Roger II's expeditions to Africa, 189;
his death, 190
George Maniaces, see Maniaces, George
Gerald of Windsor, defends Pembroke, 525
Gerard, cardinal-bishop of Ostia, papal legate
in France, 46
Gerard, bishop of Florence, see Nicholas II,
Pope
Gerard, bishop of Pisa, his award to the
city, 220
Gerard, St, bishop of Toul, abbot of St Evré,
24
Gerard, Master of the Hospital of St John
at Jerusalem, 305
Gerard de Rideford, Master of the Temple,
aids Guy de Lusignan to the throne, 309
Gerard of Brogne, 2; and monastic reform
in the Netherlands, 663
Gerard, count of Galeria, helps Benedict IX,
19; elects Benedict X, 35; 39; embassy to
Henry IV on death of Nicholas II, 42
Gerard, lord of Buonalbergo, seeks aid from
Robert Guiscard, 172
Gerard of Cremona, translates Aristotle,
812 sq.
Gerba, captured by Roger II, 189
Gerberoi, battle of, 519
Gerbert of Aurillac, see Sylvester II, Pope
Géré, a Norman baron, description of his
fief, 488
Gerhard, provost of Magdeburg, 392
Gerhohof Reichersperg, on freedom of
Church, 392
Germain de Granval, St, 771
Germany, Chaps. III, X, XII, XIV; reform of
monasteries in, 2; resentment in, against
papal authority, 60 sq. ; ravaged by pesti-
lence (1093), 92; permanent papal legate
in, 88; political and social structure of,
xvii sq. , 117 sqq. ; nobles in, xviii; towns
in, xix, 119 sq. ; effect of king's minority
on, xii; alliance of kings with bishops, 59,
123 sq. ; position of Henry IV in, in 1076,
139; evil state of, 141; rise of new noble
families in, 152 sq. ; famine in, 352 sq. ;
condition of, on accession of Frederick I,
381; feuds in, during Frederick's absence,
387 sqq. ; effect of fall of Henry the Lion
in, 405; position in, on the departure of
Frederick I to the Crusade, 459 sq. ;
development of Roman and canon law in,
752 sqq. ; Kings of, see Emperors of the
West
Germigny-sur-l'Aubois, 598
Gero, bishop of Halberstadt, 403
Gerold, bishop of Oldenburg, 399
Gersindis of Maine, wife of Azo, and William
I, 517
Gerstungen, assembly at, Henry IV makes
peace with Saxons, 132, 134, 143
Gertrude, daughter of Henry the Lion, widow
of Frederick of Rothenburg, marries Canute
VI of Denmark, 387
Gertrude, daughter of Lothar III, wife of
## p. 968 (#1014) ###########################################
968
Index
Henry the Proud, 153 sq. , 337; supports
Welf cause on death of Henry, 348; her
character, 349; marries Henry Jasomir-
gott, 350; death of, 350
Gertrude of Babenberg, half-sister of Conrad
III, marries Vladislav II of Bohemia, 352
Gertrude, countess of Holland, step-sister of
Lothar III, 164, 599
Gertrude, sister of Ekbert of Meissen, 145,
153; marries Henry the Fat, 145 sq. , 152;
her other marriages, 152 note
Gervais, archbishop of Rheims, 38
Gervase of Canterbury, chronicler, on
Gregory VIII, 458; on the Justiciar, 577
Gesta Francorum, on Alexius' claim to
Antioch, 294
Gesta Tancredi, on battle of Dorylaeum,
286 note; on strength of Baldwin and
Tancred, 288 note, 289 note
Geuksun (Coxon), 286
Géza I, King of Hungary, son of Béla of
Hungary, 113; expels Salomo, King of
Hungary, 85; marriage alliance with
Magnus of Saxony, 130; struggle with
Henry IV, 133; obtains a crown from
Michael VIII, 133
Géza II, King of Hungary,defeats Henry Jaso.
mirgott, 352; relations with Frederick I,
389
Ghent, 483, 599 sq. ; monastery of St Pierre
at, 663
Gherardesca family, become Pisan citizens,
224
Ghibelline (Weibling), first use of term, 349
Gibbon, on economic effects of the Crusades,
Giovenazzo, 192
Giraldus Cambrensis, chronicler,on Henry VI,
477
Girgenti, 176 sq.
Gisela, Empress, wife of Conrad II, 17 sq. ,
24
Gisors, Calixtus II meets Henry I at, 106,
603; Henry I annexes, 601 sqq. ; recovered
by Louis VI, 607; 609; 611 sq. ; occupied
by Henry II, 614; Henry II meets his
sons at, 569
Gisulf, prince of Salerno, established at
Salerno by Normans, 173; conflict with
Richard of Aversa, ib. ; negotiates with
Roger, 174; deprived of his states by
Guiscard, 179
Glamorgan,conquered by Robert Fitz Hamon,
525, 530
Glanville, Ranulf de, 571; his treatise on
English laws, 572; as justiciar, 578; a
sheriff, 580; a judge in the north, 585
Glastonbury, monastery, 509, 685, 691;
St Dunstan at, 663, 691
Gleichen, castle, 145
Glossators, the, at Bologna, 736 sqq.
Gloucester, Robert of Caen, earl of, illegiti-
mate son of Henry I, created earl, 536;
540 sqq. ; submits to Stephen, 543; takes
up arms for Matilda in Normandy, 544 sq. ;
invades England, 545; captures Stephen,
547; captured and exchanged, 548; con-
tinues the war, 549; dies, ib. ; 498 note
Gloucester, William, earl of, 568 sq.
Gloucester, honour of, 536
Gloucester, town and castle, 524, 537 sq. ,
547, 549, 555; miracle in, 564; abbey, 690
Gloucester Hall, Oxford, 689
Gloucestershire, 503, 580
Glycys, river, Norman army winters near, 182
Godalming, 523
Godebald, bishop of Utrecht, his revolt
against Henry V, 164
Godehard, bishop of Hildesheim, 3
Godfrey the Bearded, duke of Lorraine,
marries Beatrice of Tuscany, 31; assists
Alexander II, 43 sq. ; his challenge to
imperial authority, 112; his influence in
Italy, 114; marches against Normans,
45, 116, 178; death of, 49, 125 note; 33,
35, 115, 145
Godfrey II Gibbosus, duke of Lower Lorraine,
asked by Gregory VII for aid, 59; his
loyalty to Henry IV, 125 note; husband
of Matilda, ib. ; murder of, 135
Godfrey of Bouillon, heir of Duke Godfrey
of Lower Lorraine, 135; allotted ter ry
in Lorraine by Henry IV, 143; made duke
of Lower Lorraine, 145; joins First Crusade,
147, 274, 280 sq. , 300; his relations with
Alexius, 281 sq. , 284; at Nicaea, 285; at
battle of Dorylaeum, 286 sq. ; at siege of
Antioch, 291; marches to Jerusalem, 295;
storms city and defeats Egyptians at
Ascalon, 296 sq. ; 298; elected Defender
of the Holy Sepulchre, 296, 300; dies,
327 sq.
Gien, 615
Giffard, family, fiefs of, 511, 536 sq.
Giffard, Walter, earl of Buckingham, 522 sq. ;
supports Henry I, 528
Giffard, William, chancellor, 528
Gigny, abbey, 661 sq.
Gilbert de la Porrée, bishop of Poitiers,
theological opinions of, 376; attacked by
Walter of St Victor, 804; his philosophy,
809 sq.
Gilbert of Sempringham, founds his Order,
553, 682
Gilbert, count of Brionne, 491 sq.
Gilbert, count of Gravina, revolts against
William I, 195
Gilbert le Tonnelier (the Cooper, Buatere,
Botericus), first leader of Normans in
South Italy, 169
Gilbert de Clare, see Clare, Gilbert of
Gilbert of Mons, chronicler, on relations of
Frederick I and Henry the Lion, 402; his
account of Baldwin of Hainault, 411
Gilbertines, see Sempringham, Order of
Gilds, in Italian cities, 236 sq. ; in France,
637
Giles of Lessines, and Albertus Magnus,
821
Gioacchino (Joachim), the hermit, abbot of
Flora, 688; his mysticism, 804
## p. 969 (#1015) ###########################################
Index
969
300; his part in the First Crusade, 292,
300; legend of, 303; 304
Godfrey of Brabant, made duke of Lower
Lorraine by Henry V, 151; relations with
Lothar III, 338; and Flanders, 599; death
of, 350
Godfrey the younger, duke of Lower
Lorraine, 350 sq.
Godfrey, count of Calw, made count-palatine
of the Rhine, 159; governs Germany in
Henry V's absence, 161
Godfrey, count of Namur, aids Henry IV,
151
Godfrey, sub-deacon, nominated by Guido
as his successor as archbishop of Milan,
48; condemned by Alexander II, ib. ; in-
vested by Henry IV and consecrated, 49;
ignored by Henry IV and supplanted by
Tedald, 64 sq.
Godfrey of Viterbo, chronicler, on Conrad III,
358; on Henry VI, 454
Godwin, family of, 482
Godwine of Warwick, 576
Gometz, castle of, 593, 596 sq.
Gonville Hall, Cambridge, 690
Gorze, monastery of, 2, 13, 663
Goslar, council of (1019), 16; diet at (1070),
condemns Otto of Nordheim, 129; Henry IV
at, 130; besieged by Henry the Lion, 406;
122, 135, 140, 160, 336, 346, 357 sq. , 385,
394, 401, 403, 410
Gospatric, earl of Bernicia, rebels against
William I, 503 sq.
Gottschalk, leader of a band of crusaders, 276
Gottschalk, his views on predestination,
holds synod at Rome (1075), 38, 62 sqq. ;
efforts to enforce obedience in North Italy,
63 sqq. ; plans for crusade, 63, 147, 268,
271; conflict with Henry IV begins, 64,
134; ultimatum to Henry IV, 65 sq. , 135;
imprisoned by Cencius, 66; Henry's attack
on, 66 sq. , 135; excommunicates Henry,
67, 135; his justification, 67; goes north
to preside over council at Augsburg, 69;
absolves Henry at Canossa, 69 sqq. , 136 sq. ;
returns to Rome, 71; sends legates to diet
at Forchheim, 71; his neutrality on elec-
tion of Rudolf of Swabia, 71 sq. , 140; dis-
satisfaction of both kings with, 72; legisla-
tion of (1078-9), 72 sq. ; excommunicates
and deposes Henry IV (1080), 74 sq. , 141;
effect of sentence, 75 sq. ; deposed by
council of Brixen, 76, 141; seeks aid from
Normans, 76; relations with Normans,
76 sq. , 178 sqq. , 193; alliance with Robert
Guiscard, 77, 181; Romans begin to fail
him, 78; Henry IV victorious over, 79;
rescued by Robert Guiscard, 79; death of,
at Salerno, 80; summary of his work, 80;
his extreme claims the result of opposition,
81; his relations with France, 81 sqq. ;
with England, 84 sq. , 497,516; with other
countries, 85, 133; results of his policy,
85; position of his supporters at his death,
86; Cluny and, 665; and schools, 777 sq. ;
4, 13 note, 109 sqq. , 130, 143, 151 sq. , 391
Gregory VIII, anti-Pope, see Bourdin
Gregory VIII, Pope (Albert of Morra), 409,
458 sq. ; death of, 459
Gregory IX, Pope, and Aristotle, 818; issues
his Decretals, 713 sq. , 748; and the reform
of the Benedictine Order, 686; and the
Celestines, 688; and Frederick II's crusade,
314
Gregory XI, Pope, approves Order of Corpus
Christi, 692
Gregory XII, Pope, and abbey of Santa
Giustina, 693
Gregory XIII, Pope, issues official edition of
the Corpus iuris canonici, 714, 742
Gregory Papareschi, see Innocent II, Pope
Gregory, rival of Benedict VIII, 15
Gregory, naval prefect under Otto III, 14 sq.
Grimoald, King of the Lombards, and
Lombard law, 730
Grimoald of Bari, rebels against Roger II,
186
Groby, castle, 568 sq.
Groenendael, monastery, 694
Groot, Gerhard, of Deventer, mystic, 694
Grosmont, monastery, 669
Grosseteste, Robert, bishop of Lincoln, his
translations from Greek, 331, 812 sqq.
Gruffydd ap Cynan, prince of North Wales
(Gwynedd), 525
Guaimar IV, prince of Salerno, obtains aid
from Normans, 168 sq. ; death of, 169
Guaimar V, prince of Salerno, succeeds to
principality, 169; joined by Rainulf, 170;
chosen as leader by Normans, 171; de-
784 sq.
Gozzolini, Silvestro, 688
Grado, patriarch of, rights of, 18, 28
Grand Assize, see Assize of Windsor
Grande-Chartreuse, monastery of, 669 sq.
Grandmont, monastic order of, 668 sq.
Gratian, John, see Gregory VI, Pope
Gratian, canon-lawyer, his Decretum, 73,
706 sq. , 712 sqq. ; 711; teaches canon law
at Bologna, 742
Gravina, 176; concordat of, between Tancred
and Celestine III, 202, 465
Gregory I the Great, St, Pope, Gregory VII
and, 53 sq. , 72; 711
Gregory II, Pope, 711
Gregory IV, Pope, and war against Muslims,
268; 13 note
Gregory V, Pope, 22
Gregory VI, Pope (John Gratian), papacy of,
19; deposition and death of, 21; 22 sqq. ,
52, 69
Gregory VII, Pope (Hildebrand), ix sq. , xii;
Chaps. II, III; early life of, 19, 24 sq. ,
32 sqq. , 36 sqq. , 41, 49,51 sqq. , 174; elected
Pope, 51; his character and policy, 53 sqq. ;
situation of Papacy on his accession, 58 sq. ;
reconciliation with Henry IV, 59 sq. ; and
church reform, 60 sqq. ; reduces Siegfried,
archbishop of Mayence, to obedience, 60 sq. ;
relations with German episcopate, 53, 61 ;
## p. 970 (#1016) ###########################################
970
Index
Guy of Rochefort, 597, 602
Guzance, nunnery,
681
Gwynedd (North Wales), 525, 556 sq. ;
princes of, see Gruffydd, Owen
Gyrth, brother of Harold, killed at Hastings,
501
Gytha, mother of Harold, holds out against
William, 503
prived of Capua by Henry III, 172; murder
of, 173
Gualbert, St John, see John Gualbert
Guarino, bishop of Modena, and celibacy,
14
Guastalla, council of (1106), 101
Guibert of Nogent, on Thomas of Marle,
593
Guibert (anti-Pope Clement III), archbishop
of Ravenna, and the pa pal election decree,
37, 42; submits to Alexander II, 60; again
proclaims independence of his see, 64;
elected Pope at Brixen, 75 sq. , 141 sq. ;
his character, 76; enthroned as Clement
III, 79; expelled from Rome, 91; his
attitude on re-ordination, 93; and election
of Paschal II, 96; death of, 94, 96 sq. , 149;
87, 90, 143, 145, 182, 526
Guibert, chronicler, his report of Urban II's
speech at Clermont, 265
Guidi, counts, wars with Florence, 224
Guido of Crema (anti-Pope Paschal III),
elected Pope, 394 sq. , 438; canonises
Charlemagne, 439; at Viterbo, 440; at
Rome, 441; death of, 443; 397
Guido, cardinal, protects Arnold of Brescia,
372
Guido, archbishop of Milan, 28, 33, 39 sqq. ;
summoned to Rome, 42; conflict with
Pataria, 47 sq. ; resigns, but returns, 48;
death of, 48; 219
Guido, bishop of Arezzo, and simony, 26
Guido, son of the count of Biandrate,
nominated by Frederick I as archbishop
of Ravenna, 429
Guienne, communes in, 627, 650
Guifred of Cerdagne, archbishopof Narbonne,
10
Guigues du Châtel, prior of the Grande-
Chartreuse, 669 sq.
Guiscard, Robert, see Robert Guiscard
Guisnes, county of, 548; see also Vere
Gulielmus, a Pavese lawyer, 733
Guncelin of Hagen, count of Schwerin, and
the Wends, 398; aids Henry the Lion,
406
Gundisalvi, Dominic, translator and philo-
sopher, 811, 817
Gundobad, King of the Burgundians, his
Lex Gundobada, 722, 726; his Lex Romana
Burgundionum, 722
Gunther, archbishop of Cologne, 13
Guy de Lusignan, King of Jerusalem and
Cyprus, marries Sibylla, sister of Baldwin
IV, 309; his rule in Jerusalem, 310;
captured by Saladin, ib. ; besieges Acre,
ib. ; his rivalry with Conrad of Montferrat,
310 sq. ; receives Cyprus from Richard I,
311
Guy, archbishop of Rheims, 26
Guy, archbishop of Vienne, see Calixtus II,
Pope
Guy, count of Flanders, 404 note
Guy of Burgundy, and William I of
Normandy, 493
Hadrian I, Pope, his collection of canons
(Dionysio-Hadriana), 709; his (forged)
privilege to Charles the Great, 101
Hadrian IV, Pope (Nicholas Breakspear),
his accession and character, 415 sq. ; rela.
tions with Arnold of Brescia, 415 sq. ;
places Rome under interdict, 416; rela-
tions with William I of Sicily, 192 sq. ,
416 sq. ; signs treaty of Benevento with
Normans, 193; mediates between Manuel
VII and William I, 194; his alliance with
Normans against the Empire, ib. ; sends
an embassy to Frederick I, 418; meets
Frederick I, 419 sq. ; crowns Frederick,
421; his critical position in 1155, 423;
his war against William of Sicily, ib. ;
defeated and forced to make peace, 424;
his estrangement from Frederick I, ib. ;
quarrel over beneficia, xii, 109, 390 sq. ,
425 sq. ; disputes renewed, 429 sq. ; tries
to form league against Frederick, 430;
death of, 430; approves Rule of Order of
Grammont, 668; 111, 477, 805
Hadrianople, 411
Hainault, 410
Hākim, Fātimite Caliph, 252 sqq. ; his
character, 253; damages the Holy Sepul-
chre, 257
Halberstadt, seeof, dispute between Frederick
I and Henry the Lion as to, 403; captured
by Henry, 405; 344
Haldensleben, 401, 405 sq.
Halinard, archbishop of Lyons, reforms of,
10; proposed as Pope, 23
Halle, sack of, by Lothar III, 340
Halmyrus, see Almira
Halrefeld, Henry the Lion's victory at, 406
Hamāh, in Syria, 247, 249, 256, 261, 306, 315
Hamdān, Arab house of, 245 sqq. , 250 sq. ,
Hampshire, 581
Hanover, 460
Hanseatic League, alliance with Teutonic
Order, 333
Harbottle, castle, 570
Harding, Stephen, abbot of Cîteaux, 672 sqq.
,
681
Hārim, raiders from, defeated by crusaders,
290; capture of, ib. ; 247, 257
Harmenopulus, Constantinus, an Eastern
jurist, 719
Harold, King of England, his election, 481;
its justification, 482; his fear of William
of Normandy, 482 sq. ;
marries Ealdgyth,
497 ; defeats Harold Hardrada, 499; de-
feated and killed at Hastings, 500 sq.
254 sq.
## p. 971 (#1017) ###########################################
Index
971
Harold Hardrada, King of Norway, invades
England, 499; defeated and slain, ib.
Harold, brother of Canute of Schleswig,
344
Harrān, 263; Bohemond defeated at, 301
Harrow, manor of, 507
Hartwig, archbishop of Bremen, and Henry
the Lion, 356, 401, 460; deprived of regalia
by Frederick I, 393; Wendish bishoprics
and, 356, 399; death of, 401
Hartwig, archbishop of Magdeburg, at battle
of Pleichfeld, 144; relations with Henry
IV, 145
Hartwig, bishop of Ratisbon, and Frederick
I, 393
Hārūn ibn Khān, first Seljūg to gain footing
in Syria, 260
Harzburg, castle, Magnus confined in, 129;
Henry IV at, 131; destruction of, 132 sq.
Hasan, Zairid prince of Mahdiyah, and
Roger II, 189
Hasan al-'asam (Hasan al-a-sham), Qarma-
tian leader, 248
Hasan al-yāzūrī, minister of Mustanşir, 259
Hasan ibn 'Ammār, Fățimite governor in
Syria, 252
Hasan ibn Jaʼfar, sharif of Mecca, 253
Hassān, son of Mufarrij ibn Daghfal, 255
Hastings, battle of, 500 sq. ; 577
Haughley, castle, 569
Hauteville, in Normandy, 170, 493; house
of Hauteville, Chap. IV passim
Headda, schooling of, 771
Hébert, count, gives a charter to St Quentin,
626
Hélie, lord of la Flèche, in Maine, 527; re-
established as count of Maine, 529; and
Henry I, 530
Helmold, chronicler, on Henry the Lion and
the Wends, 399
Helmold of Schwerin, 460
Henfrid IV of Toron, marries Isabella, sister
of Baldwin IV, 309; refuses kingship,
310; divorced by Isabella, 311
Henry II, Western Emperor, ecclesiastical
policy of, 15 sqq. , 22; and South Italy,
168 sq. ; receives collective fealty from
Lombard towns, 214, 216; his grant to
Savona, 217
Henry III, Western Emperor, succeeds Con-
rad II, 19; ecclesiastical policy of, vii, 3, 14,
17 sqq. ; and Gregory VI, 21; his second
marriage, 21; in Italy (1054-5), 31; death
of, 31, 112; 26, 28, 32, 39 sq. ,52,59, 69, 83,
85, 109, 114, 118, 127, 152, 172, 345, 366,
394
Henry IV, Western Emperor, Chaps. II,
III; minority of, vii, xii, 31, 37, 39, 42,
44, 112 sqq. ; end of regency, 115; forced
to dismiss Adalbert, 116; personal govern-
ment begins, 116; marriage to Bertha of
Turin, ib. ; attempts to divorce her, 34,
117; his policy, 125 sq. ; his statesmanship
and character, 126; breach with Pope
Alexander II, 49, 59, 130; relations with
Poland, 130; and Saxony, xvii, 128 sqq. ;
Saxon revolt of 1073, 60, 130 sqq. ; his
reconciliation with Gregory VII, 59 sq. ,
131; and the treaty of Gerstungen, 132;
relations with Hungary, 133; defeats
Saxons on the Unstrut, 62, 64, 133 sq. ;
his harsh treatment of the Saxons, 134;
his challenge to the Pope over Milan, xii,
64 sq. , 130, 134; holds Council of Worms
(Jan. 1076), 66 sq. ; excommunicated, 67,
135 sq. ; effects of excommunication, 68,
135; and diet of Tribur, 68 sq. , 136 sq. ;
at Canossa, 69 sq. , 137; success of Henry's
plan, 71, 137; position in Germany on
coronation of Rudolf, 139; relations with
Pope, 72, 74, 139; his appointment of
dukes, 140; his diplomacy, 140 sq. ; second
excommunication of, in 1080, 74 sq. , 141;
council of Brixen deposes Gregory VII, and
sets up anti-Pope, 75, 141; expeditions to
Italy, 78, 142; captures Leonine city, 78;
captures Rome, 79; crowned Emperor by
anti-Pope, 79, 142; establishes his hold
in Germany, 143; proclaims the Peace of
God, ib. ; forced to leave Saxony again, 144;
end of Saxon revolt, ib. ; climax of his
power, 145; his second marriage, ib. ;
second campaign in Italy, 91, 146; revolt
of Conrad and Praxedis, ib. ; and First
Crusade, 147 sq. , 273; peace in Germany
(1098), 148; Henry V elected as his suc-
cessor, ib. ; Paschal II and, 97, 149; revolt
of Henry V, 97 sq. , 149 sqq. ; captured and
deposed by Henry V, 150 sq. ; escapes, 151;
death of, ib. ; character of his reign, 151
sq. ; his grant to Pisa, 220 note; 109 sq. ,
154, 158, 166, 179 sq. , 182 sq. , 665
Henry V, Western Emperor, Chaps. II, III;
elected as successor to Henry IV, 148;
revolts against Henry IV, 97 sq. , 149 sqq. ;
captures and imprisons Henry IV, 150 sq. ;
character of, 154; his forced reliance on
the nobles, 155; relations with Paschal II,
86,96 sqq. ,100 sqq. ,155 sq. ; German policy
of, 156 sqq. ; marries Matilda, daughter of
Henry I, 159, 604; conflict with Adalbert
of Mayence, 104, 158 sqq. ; revolt of 1115
against, 159; second expedition to Italy,
104 sq. , 160 sq. ; excommunicated by
Gelasius II, 105 sq. , 161; relations with
Calixtus II, 106 sqq. , 161 sqq. ; and the Diet
of Würzburg (1121), 162; and the Concordat
of Worms,107 sq. , 163; results of his struggle
with Papacy, 163 sq. ; his position in Ger-
many, ib. ; relations with Lotharof Saxony,
164; relations with Bohemia, Hungary,
and Poland, 113, 165; last years and death,
165 sq. , 334; his character and policy,
166; his diplomas to Italian communes,
231; 104, 117, 121, 125 sq. , 161
Henry VI, Western Emperor, Chap. XIV;
his character, 454, 479 sq. ; crowned King
of Germany, 407; and of Italy, 408, 457;
his marriage with Constance of Sicily, 408,
453, 456 sq. ; regent in Germany during
## p. 972 (#1018) ###########################################
972
Index
absences of Frederick I, 407 sq. , 410, Henry VIII, King of England, 696
459 sq. ; his first Italian expedition, 202, Henry I, King of France, and Leo IX, 26 sq. ;
462 sqq. ; crowned Emperor, 464; fails helped by Robert I of Normandy, 490 sq. ;
to defeat Tancred, 201 sq. , 464; difficulties helps William of Normandy, 493; attacks
in Germany, 465 sqq. ; his ecclesiastical William but is defeated, 494
appointments, 466; imprisons Richard I, Henry, King of the Romans, son of Conrad
467; general revolt against, ib. ; his skil III, elected, 353, 375; defeats Welf VI, 357,
ful policy, 467 sq. ; Philip Augustus and, 378; death of, 379, 381
467 sqq. ; his second expedition to Sicily, Henry, King, son of Henry II of England,
203, 470 sqq. ; crowned at Palermo, 471; 555; crowned, 563; his position, 566 sq. ;
his settlement of Sicily, 471 sq. ; extent of rebels, 567 sqq. , 614; his rebellion sap-
his empire, 472 sq. ; relations with Eastern pressed, 571; betrothed to Margaret,
Empire, 473; takes the Cross, 473 sq. ; daughter of Louis VII, 611; married, 612;
his plans to make the kingship hereditary, does homage to Louis VII for Normandy,
474 sqq. ; relations with Papacy, ib. , 613; death of, 572
463; preparations for the crusade, 478 sq. ; Henry, King of Jerusalem, count of Cham-
rebellion in Sicily, 479; his power, xii sqq. ; pagne, succeeds Conrad of Montferrat, 311;
his death, 479
death of, 313
Henry I, King of England, Chap. xvi; rela Henry de Lusignan, King of Cyprus, attempts
tions with William II and Robert, 523 sq. ; to restore union among Christians at Acre,
reconciliation of William with, 527; his 318
reign, 527 sqq. ; his coronation, 528; his Henry, cardinal-bishop of Albano, helps to
charter of liberties, ib. ; marries Edith, reconcile Frederick I and Philip of Cologne,
529; quells a rebellion, 529 sq. ; invades 409; 410
Normandy, 530; defeats Robert at Tinche Henry of Susa, cardinal-bishop of Ostia, his
brai, 531; his quarrel with Anselm, 99 Summa Aurea, 742; 757
sq. , 531 sq. ; Calixtus II and, 106; his re Henry, cardinal of SS. Nereus and Achilleus,
organisation of the government, 532 sqq. ; sent by Hadrian IV as legate to William I
and Roger of Salisbury, 533 sq. ; his of Sicily, 416
personal activities, 535; dealings with Henry, archbishop of Mayence, objects to
the barons, 535 sqq. , and with the trading election of Frederick I, 381 note; deposed
classes, 537 sqq. ; his victory in Normandy, by Frederick I, 394
539, 602; and the succession, 539 sq. ; his Henry, bishop of Augsburg, his influence on
death, 540; Emperor Henry V and, 159, 165 the regent Agnes, 112
Henry II, King of England, Chap. XVII; Henry, bishop of Minden, removed by Frede-
birth of, 540; visits to England (1142), rick I, 394
549; becomes duke of Normandy, 551; Henry of Wolfratshausen, elected bishop of
marries Eleanor of Aquitaine, ib. ; invades Ratisbon, 340
England, ib. ; makes peace with Stephen, Henry of Blois, bishop of Winchester, 542;
552; crowned King of England, ib. ; extent papal legate, 545; and Matilda, 547 sq. ;
of his lands, 554; secures the kingdom, mediates peace of Wallingford, 552
555; his foreign policy, 396 sq. , 402, 406 Henry the Black, duke of Bavaria, son of
sq. , 555 sq. , 608 sqq. ; relations with Wales duke Welf IV of Bavaria, marries Wulfhild,
and Scotland, 556 sq. ; quarrel with Bec 152; succeeds to duchyof Bavaria, ib. , 154;
ket, 159, 397, 558 sqq. , 613; the Constitu 153 sg. ; and the election of Lothar III, 336;
tions of Clarendon and, 559 sqq. ; renewed last days of, 337
quarrel with Becket, 561 sq. ; and the Henry the Proud, duke of Bavaria, 153 sq. ,
council of Northampton, 561; exiles Bec 188; his wealth and power, 337, 345;
ket's kinsfolk, 562; reconciled with Bec marries Gertrude, daughter of Lothar III,
ket, 563 sq. ; and Becket's murder, 564 sq. ; 337; attacks Frederick of Swabia at Zwi-
and Ireland, 565 sq. ; absolved by the falten, 338 sq. ; with Lothar III in Italy,
Pope, 566; and his sons, 566 sqq. ; his 366 sq. ; rebellions in his duchy, 340;
attempt to provide for John, 567; and the opposition to his succession to Lothar,
rebellion of 1173-4, 567 sqq. ; suppresses 346; relations with Conrad III, 346 sqq. ;
the rebellion, 571; relations with French his death, 347; effect of his death, 348
Kings, 571 sq. , 608 sqq. ; his last quarrels Henry the Lion, duke of Saxony and
with his sons, 572; his influence on Eng. Bavaria, his minority, 348; receives duchy
lish law, 572 sqq. ; and the Assize of of Saxony, 349; crusade against Wends,
Clarendon, 584; his judicial experiments, 355; his rule in Saxony, 356 sq. , 401;
585 sq. ; and the Grand Assize, 587 sq. ; early relations with Frederick I, 384 sq. ;
and new writs, 589; and financial organi awarded duchy of Bavaria, 385; his
sation, 590; importance of his reign, 591; mediation between Emperor and Pope,
relations with William II of Sicily, 198; 426; assists Emperor in Italy, 428; buys
and Fontevrault, 671; 159, 384, 409
family inheritance in Italy, 386; effect of
Henry V, King of England, 692
his power in Germany, ib. ; relations with
## p. 973 (#1019) ###########################################
Index
973
Henry, count of Montescaglioso, one of
Council of Ten in Sicily, 197
Henry Aristippus, appointed by William I
to succeed Maio, 195; imprisoned, 196;
translates work of Gregory Nazianzen at
Sicilian court, 207
Henry of Brabant, Dominican, his learning,
332
Heraclea, crusaders at, 288
Herard, archbishop of Tours, and schools,
777
Herbert, count of Maine, 495
Herbert, chaplain of Conrad III, 357
Hereford, town, 538, 555, 580; see of, 511
Hereford, earldom of, created by William I,
509, 512, 524; created by Matilda, 548;
earls of, see Fitz Osbern, Miles, Roger
Herefordshire, 503, 521; lost to Stephen,
545
Hereward, his rebellion against William I,
504 sq.
Denmark, 386 sq. ; feud with rival princes
in Saxony, 388; subdues the Wends, 397
sqq. ; and Pomerania, 400; his encourage
ment of commerce, 400; marries Matilda,
daughter of Henry II of England, 397, 402;
goes on pilgrimage to Jerusalem, 402; his
breach with Frederick, 402 sqq. , 443, 445
sq. ; trial and fall of, 404 sq. ; effects of his
fall, 405; tries to obtain foreign aid, 406;
banished, 407; returns from banishment,
409; renewed exile of, 410, 459; returns
to Germany, 460; makes peace with
Henry VI at Fulda, 460 sq. ; again revolts,
465; reconciled with Henry VI, 469; last
years and death of, ib. ; 350, 408
Henry Jasomirgott, duke of Bavaria, later of
Austria, succeeds to margravate of Austria,
349; receives Bavaria, 350; marries Ger-
trude, ib. ; his feud with the bishop of
Ratisbon, 352; takes the Cross, 353; rela-
tions with Frederick I, 384 sq. ; loses
Bavaria, but created duke of Austria, 385;
his privileges, ib. ; 154 note
Henry of Limburg, duke of Lower Lorraine,
aids Henry IV, 151; 338
Henry of Limburg, claims duchy of Lower
Lorraine, 350
Henry, duke of Brabant, 466
Henry, count-palatine of the Rhine, governs
Germany in Henry IV's absence, 121 note,
146; death of, 146
Henry, son of Henry the Lion, handed over
as hostage to Henry VI, 460 sq. ; goes on
Sicilian expedition but escapes, 464;
marries Agnes, cousin of Henry VI, 469
Henry, margrave of the North Mark, 145
Henry of Eilenburg, margrave of the East
Mark (Lusatia), given the margravate of
Meissen, 145; death of, 152 note
Henry, margrave of Meissen and the East
Mark, posthumous son of Henry of Eilen.
burg, 152 note, 164
Henry the Fat, count of Nordheim, son
of Otto of Nordheim, 145; his important
position, 146; marries Gertrude, 145, 152
sq. ; death of, ib. ; Richenza his heiress, 334
Henry II, count of Namur and Luxemburg,
advocatus of the abbey of St Maximin,
350; 411
Henry, count of Groitsch, 339
Henry of Badwide, defeats the Wends, 354
Henry, son of Gottschalk, his rule in Nord-
albingia, 344
Henry of Kalden, marshal of the Empire,
leads troops against Tancred, 462; sup-
presses rising in Sicily, 479
Henry, son of King David of Scotland, earl
of Huntingdon, 543; made earl of North-
umberland by Stephen, 544
Henry, count of Champagne, aids Louis VII,
610, 614; negotiates between Frederick I
and Louis VII, 397, 617 sqq. ; gives a
charter to Meaux, 639
Henry, count of Monte Sant'Angelo, rebels
against Guiscard, 180
Herlogaud, abbot of Saint-Bénigne, 659
Herluin, Norman knight, founds the
monastery of Bec, 491
Herluin of Conteville, marries Arlette, 496
Herman II, archbishop of Cologne, receives
pallium from Leo IX, 34
Herman III, archbishop of Cologne, 145
Herman, bishop of Bamberg, 62, 125 note
Herman, bishopof Hildesheim, his opposition
to Henry the Lion, 401
Herman, bishop of Metz, 66 note; letters
of Gregory VII to, 67 sq. , 75, 78; recon-
ciled with Henry IV, 145; death of, 92
Herman, bishop of Toul, death of, 24
Herman Billung,count, uncle of duke Magnus
of Saxony, his revolt in 1073, 131; won over
by Henry IV, 141
Herman, count of Salm, elected anti-king,
78, 117, 142; his failure and death, 142;
144
Herman, count-palatine of the Rhine, 142
Herman of Stahleck, count-palatine of the
Rhine, his quarrels with Arnold of
Mayence, 387; his punishment and death,
ib.
Herman of Winzenburg, landgrave of
Thuringia, appointed margrave of Meissen,
164; sentenced to loss of his fiefs by
Lothar III, 339 sq. ; a supporter of Albert
the Bear, 347; his inheritance, 384
Herman, landgrave of Thuringia, his oppo-
sition to Henry VI, 465, 467, 475, 477
Herman, nephew of Robert Guiscard, 173,
178, 182
Herman, translator of Aristotle, 813 sq.
Hermann von Salza, Master of the Teutonic
Knights, 332
Herrevad, Cistercian abbey, 677
Hersfeld, Henry IV at monastery of, 131;
Conrad III assembles army at, 347
Hertford, town, 537
Hertford, earldom of, created by Stephen,
548; earls of, see Clare
Hertfordshire, 501, 508, 548
## p. 974 (#1020) ###########################################
974
Index
Hervé, archbishop of Rheims, and synod of
Trosly, 4
Hervé, a Breton, made bishop of Bangor,
525
Hervé of Donzy, 615
Hesse, 158
Heudicourt, 612
Heugo, a Norman, 488
Hiesmois, the, comté, 485; count of, 191 sq. ;
vicomté of, 493, 543
Hilary, bishop of Chichester, 558
Hildebrand, see Gregory VII, Pope
Hilduin, archbishop of Milan, 2
Hilduin, abbot of St Denis, reforms Saint-
Denis, 659
Hillin,archbishop of Trèves, sent by Frederick
I on embassy to Rome, 382; 393
Himerius, bishop of Tarragona, 768
Hims (Emesa), Syrian town, 245, 247, 249
sq. , 252, 255 sq. , 258, 260 sq. , 264, 290,
306; see also Bakjūr, Janāḥ-ad-Daulah
Hincmar, archbishop of Rheims, views on
patronage, 8; on clerical celibacy, 12; and
schools, 777; reforms Saint-Denis, 659
Hincmar, bishop of Laon, and lay ownership
of churches, 8
Hippocrates, translated by William of Moer.
beke, 814
Hirschau, monastery, 143, 663 sq.
Hispana, Spanish collection of canons,
709 sqq.
Hittin, Saladin defeats Guy de Lusignan at,
310, 459
Hoel, duke of Brittany, and William I,
518
Hohen-Mölsen, Rudolf defeats Henry IV at,
141
Hohenstaufen, family of, aim at inde-
pendent power in Swabia, 163 sq. ; struggle
with Lothar III, 337 sq. ; failure of, in
Germany and Italy, 339 sq. ; make peace
with Lothar III, 345; renewed feud with
Welfs, 346 sq. ; alliance with French Kings,
397; temporary breach in alliance, 468 sq. ;
receive Swabian inheritance of Welf VI,
466; 111,140,154, 334; see also Conrad III,
Frederick I, II, Frederick duke of Swabia,
Henry, Otto, Philip
Hoier, count of Mansfeld, 159
Holland, county of, colonists from, 354
Holme, abbey of St Benet of, 576; abbot of,
578
Holstein, missionary work in, 344; 354, 398,
407, 460 sq. , 465; counts of, see Adolf
Holy Cross, abbey at Coimbra, 679
Holy Land, see Palestine and Jerusalem,
kingdom of
Holy Sepulchre, church of, ruined by Hākim,
254; right to restore, given to Eastern Em-
peror, 256; renovation of, 257 sq. ; bull of
Sergius IV on restoration of, 268 sq.
Honorius II, anti-Pope, see Cadalus
Honorius II, Pope, relations with Roger II,
185; supports Lothar, 339, 361; his
difficulties, 362 sqq. ; death of, 342, 363
Honorius III, Pope (Cencio Savelli), and the
Liber Censuum, x sq. ; his Decretals, 713;
condemns John the Scot's De Dirisione
Naturae, 787 sq. ; forbids Roman Law to
be taught in the University of Paris, 751;
and Premonstratensians, 680
Hospitallers, see Knights of St John
Hotman, the jurist, 752
Houdan, castle of, 593, 596
Hovedö, Cistercian abbey, 677
Hubert, abbot of Farfa, 5
Hubert of Sainte-Suzanne, rebels against
William I, 517
Hubert Walter, archbishop of Canterbury,
312, 323, 578
Hubert, papal legate to England, 84
Hugh, King of Italy, and monastic reform,
2, 5, 662
Hugh III, King of Cyprus, his claim to
kingdom of Jerusalem, 317
Hugh, archbishop of Lyons, formerly bishop
of Die, papal legate in France, 82 sq. ,
87 sqq. ; made archbishop, 83, 110; and
Victor III, 87 sq. ; excommunicates Philip I,
94; letter of Urban II to, 95; aids founda-
tion of Cîteaux, 672
Hugh, bishop of Grenoble, and the Car.
thusian Order, 669
Hugh, bishop of Langres, 25 sqq.
Hugh, abbot of Cluny, his rule, 665; and
Gregory VII, 52, 54; at Canossa, 69 sq. ;
39, 87
Hugh, abbot of Farfa, 664
Hugh of Tübingen,count-palatine of Swabia,
leader of German crusaders, 275; death of,
276
Hugh, count-palatine of Tübingen, his feud
with Welf VI, 388
Hugh, vicomte of Avranches, made earl of
Chester, 507; his rent-roll, ib. ; 511 sq. ;
wars in Wales, 525
Hugh, earl of Chester, rebels against Henry
II, 567 sqq.
Hugh, duke of Burgundy (French), leads
French in the Third Crusade, 311
Hugh, count of Troyes, 602
Hugh III, count of Maine, 517
Hugh, count of Vermandois, his part in the
First Crusade, 273, 280
Hugh of St Victor, his philosophy, 800 sqq. ;
his praise of allegory, 803
Hugh de Payen, founder of the Knights
Templars, 305 sq.
Hugh of Crécy, and Louis VI, 596 sq. ; 602
Hugh of Gournay, 536, 543
Hugh of Le Puiset, and Louis VI, 594 sq. ,
597, 602
Hugo Candidus, cardinal, and Gregory VII,
54
Hugo, count of Egisheim, father of Leo IX,
24
Hugo Falcandus, chronicler, 191, 196
Hugo, the glossator, 737
Hugolinus, the glossator, 737
Huguccio, the canonist, 742
## p. 975 (#1021) ###########################################
Index
975
Hull, charterhouse at, 692
Humber, river, 482, 499, 504, 507
Humbert, archbishop of Milan, see Urban III,
Pope
Humbert, of Moyenmoutier, cardinal-bishop
of Silva Candida, 26 sq. ; sent to southern
Italy, 28; legate at Constantinople, 29;
proposed as Pope, 32; legate at Benevento
and Ravenna, 34; and Berengar, 37; death
of, 49, 52; his Liber adversus Symoniacos,
63; 35, 39, 92
Humbert III, count of Maurienne, 442, 567
Humbert, son of Tancred de Hauteville,
170
Humfred, archbishop of Ravenna, 28
Humphrey, son of Tancred de Hauteville,
170; leads Normans in support of Gisulf,
173; death of, ib.
Humphrey de Vetulis of Beaumont, founds
monastery of Préaux, 491
Hungary, Pope Leo IX and, 25, 29;
Gregory VII claims authority over, 85,
90; its relations with Henry IV, 113, 133;
Henry V and, 155, 165; dispute as to
succession in, 345, 352; relations with
Frederick I, 388 sq. ; 115, 160, 667; Kings
of, see Andrew, Béla, Géza, Koloman,
Ladislas, Salomo, Stephen
Huntingdon, town, 503, 531, 583; besieged,
571 ; honour of, 536, 543, 556; earldom
of, 567, 571; earls of, see David, Henry,
Malcolm IV, Simon de Sentliz
Huntingdonshire, 483
Husain ibn 'Ubaidallāh, Ikhshid governor
of Syria, 248
Hyacinth, cardinal, see Celestine III,
Pope
Hythe, borough, 538; castle of, 558
Innocent I, Pope, and celibacy, 11
Innocent II, Pope (Gregory Papareschi),
election of, 363; opposed by Anacletus, ib. ;
flees to France, ib. ; supported by France,
England, and Lothar III, ib. ; his contest
with Anacletus, 364 sqq. ; relations with
Lothar, 342 sq. , 367, 392; and Louis VII,
605 sq. ; taken prisoner by Roger II, 187
sq. , 368; England and, 542; his division
of Sardinia and Corsica between Pisa and
Genoa, 227; and abbey of St Maximin,
350; and Rule of St Augustine, 679; death
of, 370; 186, 383, 477
Innocent III, Pope (Lotario de Conti), 111,
322, 324; on Henry VI, 468, 471, 477; on
monastic reform, 685; proclaims Fourth
Crusade, 314
Innocent IV, Pope (Sinibaldo de' Fieschi),
321; forms the first “Missionary Society,"
325; relaxes monastic discipline, 686; his
Summa of the Decretals, 742
Innocent VIII, Pope, attempts at monastic
reform, 695
In Trullo, Council, canons of, 11, 708
Ipswich, 483, 538, 551
Ireland, 554 note; Henry II and, 555,565 sq. ;
schools in, 770; knowledge of Greek in,
785; monasticism in, 677
Irene, daughter of Isaac Angelus, marries
Roger, son of Tancred, 202; marries Philip
of Hohenstaufen, 473, 479; 471
Irford, nunnery, 681
Irish Channel, 504
Irnerius, the glossator of Bologna, his
work on the Digest, 735; his glosses,
737 sq.
Ibn al-athir, Arab historian, 257 note
Ibn al-Hawwās, Muslim emir in Sicily, 176
sq.
Ibn ath-Thimnah, Muslim emir in Sicily,
176; death of, 177
Ibn Daghfal, Arab chief, 249, 253 sqq.
