% ^'
Digitized by tine Internet Archive
in 2010 with funding from
The Library of Congress
http://www.
Digitized by tine Internet Archive
in 2010 with funding from
The Library of Congress
http://www.
Abelous - Gustavus Adolphus - Hero of the Reformation
Gustavus Adolphus; the hero of the reformation.
From the French
of L. Abelous. By Mrs. C. A. Lacroix. Five illustrations.
Abelous, Louis David, 1828-
New York, Carlton & Lanahan, c1871.
http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k
Public Domain
http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
We have determined this work to be in the public domain, meaning that it is not subject to copyright. Users are free to copy, use, and redistribute the work in part or in whole. It is possible that current copyright holders, heirs or the estate of the authors of individual portions of the work, such as illustrations or photographs, assert copyrights over these portions. Depending on the nature of subsequent use that is made, additional rights may need to be obtained independently of anything we can address.
? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
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Digitized by tine Internet Archive
in 2010 with funding from
The Library of Congress
http://www. archive. org/details/gustavusadolphusOOabel
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? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? Gustavus Adolphus.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? 79^^^ /i'
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHTJS;
THE
HEEO OF THE EEFOEMATION.
L. A B E L O U S.
By Mrs. C. A. L A C R O I X.
"^TW^ EILILWi'S'iaA^EOS^S
New York : j^y i
CARLTON & LANAHAK
SAN FRANCISCO: E. THOMAS.
CINCINNATI: HITCHCOCK & WALDEN.
S U N D A Y-S CHOOL DEPARTMENT.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? . M } u-
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1871, by
CARLTON & LANAHAN,
in the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? l>u
CHAPTER I.
CHILDHOOD OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
His Origin -- His Education -- His Disposition Page "7
CHAPTER II.
REIGN OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
His Valor -- His domestic Virtues -- His Piety .
27
CHAPTER III.
THE THIRTY YEARS' "WAR.
Its Beginnings -- Intervention of Gustavus Adolplms -- His
Departure 46
CHAPTER IV.
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS IN GERMANY.
His Difficulties -- Siege of Magdeburg -- Battle of Leipsic. . 11
CHAPTER V.
His sojourn at Frankfort -- His entrance into Nuremberg --
Battle of the Lech Ill
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? 6 Contents.
chapter vi.
LAST CAMPAIGNS OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
Siege of Ingolstadt -- Conquest of Bavaria -- Expedition of "Wal-
lenstein against Nuremberg Page 138
CHAPTER YIL
THE CLOSE OP THE LIFE OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
Return of the Swedes into Saxony -- Victory and Death of G-us-
tavus Adolphus at Lutzeu -- His Administration in Sweden 161
^llnBixnixanB.
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS 2
GusTAVus Found Studying the Bible 38
GusTAVus Addkessing his Troops 104
GusTAVus Taking Leave op his Queen 166
GusTAVus ON the Battle-Field of Lutzen 175
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? GTJSTAYUS ADOLPHUS.
CHAPTEE L
CHILDHOOD OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
His origin -- His education-- His disposition.
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS is one of
the grandest characters of modern
history, and one of the purest of the Ref-
ormation. He was, at the same time, an
excellent king, a famous general, and a
model Christian. His early death, and
the importance of the events in which he
was the main actor, add increased luster
to his genius and virtues. He displayed a
rare example of faithfnl and consistent
piety, in a position in which the soul
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? 8 GusTAvus Adolphus.
stands in even more dangers than tlie body.
He proved that genuine Christianity may
join faith to courage; and, with Coligny,
Duquesne, Havelock, and others, he showed
what power a religion may have which is
drawn directly from the divine sources of
the Bible.
Grustavus Adolphus was born at Stock-
holm, Dec. 9, 1594, and his cradle, so to
speak, was rocked in the midst of national
commotions. By his father, Charles, Duke
of Sundermania, he belonged to the royal
family of Sweden; and by his mother,
Christina, daughter of the Duke of Schles-
wig-Holstein, he was allied to the Danish
dynasty. The prestige, however, of such
an origin did not secure to him rest and
security. His childhood, like his man-
hood, was full of agitation.
At the beginning of the sixteenth cen-
tury Sweden was an elective kingdom.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl.
% ^'
Digitized by tine Internet Archive
in 2010 with funding from
The Library of Congress
http://www. archive. org/details/gustavusadolphusOOabel
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
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? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? Gustavus Adolphus.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? 79^^^ /i'
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHTJS;
THE
HEEO OF THE EEFOEMATION.
L. A B E L O U S.
By Mrs. C. A. L A C R O I X.
"^TW^ EILILWi'S'iaA^EOS^S
New York : j^y i
CARLTON & LANAHAK
SAN FRANCISCO: E. THOMAS.
CINCINNATI: HITCHCOCK & WALDEN.
S U N D A Y-S CHOOL DEPARTMENT.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? . M } u-
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1871, by
CARLTON & LANAHAN,
in the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? l>u
CHAPTER I.
CHILDHOOD OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
His Origin -- His Education -- His Disposition Page "7
CHAPTER II.
REIGN OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
His Valor -- His domestic Virtues -- His Piety .
27
CHAPTER III.
THE THIRTY YEARS' "WAR.
Its Beginnings -- Intervention of Gustavus Adolplms -- His
Departure 46
CHAPTER IV.
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS IN GERMANY.
His Difficulties -- Siege of Magdeburg -- Battle of Leipsic. . 11
CHAPTER V.
His sojourn at Frankfort -- His entrance into Nuremberg --
Battle of the Lech Ill
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? 6 Contents.
chapter vi.
LAST CAMPAIGNS OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
Siege of Ingolstadt -- Conquest of Bavaria -- Expedition of "Wal-
lenstein against Nuremberg Page 138
CHAPTER YIL
THE CLOSE OP THE LIFE OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
Return of the Swedes into Saxony -- Victory and Death of G-us-
tavus Adolphus at Lutzeu -- His Administration in Sweden 161
^llnBixnixanB.
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS 2
GusTAVus Found Studying the Bible 38
GusTAVus Addkessing his Troops 104
GusTAVus Taking Leave op his Queen 166
GusTAVus ON the Battle-Field of Lutzen 175
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? GTJSTAYUS ADOLPHUS.
CHAPTEE L
CHILDHOOD OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
His origin -- His education-- His disposition.
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS is one of
the grandest characters of modern
history, and one of the purest of the Ref-
ormation. He was, at the same time, an
excellent king, a famous general, and a
model Christian. His early death, and
the importance of the events in which he
was the main actor, add increased luster
to his genius and virtues. He displayed a
rare example of faithfnl and consistent
piety, in a position in which the soul
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? 8 GusTAvus Adolphus.
stands in even more dangers than tlie body.
He proved that genuine Christianity may
join faith to courage; and, with Coligny,
Duquesne, Havelock, and others, he showed
what power a religion may have which is
drawn directly from the divine sources of
the Bible.
Grustavus Adolphus was born at Stock-
holm, Dec. 9, 1594, and his cradle, so to
speak, was rocked in the midst of national
commotions. By his father, Charles, Duke
of Sundermania, he belonged to the royal
family of Sweden; and by his mother,
Christina, daughter of the Duke of Schles-
wig-Holstein, he was allied to the Danish
dynasty. The prestige, however, of such
an origin did not secure to him rest and
security. His childhood, like his man-
hood, was full of agitation.
At the beginning of the sixteenth cen-
tury Sweden was an elective kingdom.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? GusTAvus Adolphus. 9
Christian 11. governed it, and, as the in-
heritor also of the thrones of Denmark and
Norway, he wore a triple crown. Sweden
submitted to, rather than chose, this vio-
lent and crafty monarch, who, in order to
establish his power, continually multiplied
confiscations and punishments. The son
of a Swedish senator, a victim of this san-
guinary ruler, (Gustavus Johannson, of
the house of Vasa, one of the first of the
Swedish nobility,) escaped from a prison
in Jutland, in which he was detained by a
Danish lord, under the order of Christian,
This young man conceived the bold plan
of delivering his country from the yoke of
tyranny under which it was groaning.
After having evaded all search of his op-
pressors, and resigned himself to the hum-
ble occupation of a thresher, he succeeded
in exciting to revolt the peasantiy of Dal-
matia, whither he had fled, and, with the
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? 10 GusTAvus Adolphtjs.
aid of these rude and brave mountaineers,
lie drove the Danes from Sweden and re-
stored its freedom. Chosen king by his
grateful country, Gustavns Vasa, who had
formerly been under the instruction of one
of Luther's pupils, instituted reforms in
all his States. "To serve God by being
obedient to his law, and by loving him
above all else; to believe in Jesus Christ
as our only Saviour; to study and teach
the word of God with zeal; to love our
neighbor as ourself, and to observe the Ten
Commandments -- such is the true worship
that we should render unto God; these
are our good works, and God has com-
manded no others. The Holy Scriptures
do not require wax tapers, nor palms, nor
mass, for the redemption of souls, nor does
it demand the worship of saints. God has
even forbidden such things. He has giv-
en us the sacrament as a symbol of the
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? GusTAvus Adolphus. 11
remission of sins, but not that it should
be framed in gold and silver and paraded
around grave-yards or elsewhere. " Such
was the profession of faith made by Gus-
tavus Vasa and adopted by all his subjects.
Gustavus Vasa abdicated in favor of his
son, in order to consecrate himself more
fully to the interests of his soul and to
prepare for death, whose near approach
was foretold by his failing health.
of L. Abelous. By Mrs. C. A. Lacroix. Five illustrations.
Abelous, Louis David, 1828-
New York, Carlton & Lanahan, c1871.
http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k
Public Domain
http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
We have determined this work to be in the public domain, meaning that it is not subject to copyright. Users are free to copy, use, and redistribute the work in part or in whole. It is possible that current copyright holders, heirs or the estate of the authors of individual portions of the work, such as illustrations or photographs, assert copyrights over these portions. Depending on the nature of subsequent use that is made, additional rights may need to be obtained independently of anything we can address.
? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? 0, ^
Ui^--'
-7 -J-'
"^ ^&^ ? % ^'
Digitized by tine Internet Archive
in 2010 with funding from
The Library of Congress
http://www. archive. org/details/gustavusadolphusOOabel
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
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? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? Gustavus Adolphus.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? 79^^^ /i'
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHTJS;
THE
HEEO OF THE EEFOEMATION.
L. A B E L O U S.
By Mrs. C. A. L A C R O I X.
"^TW^ EILILWi'S'iaA^EOS^S
New York : j^y i
CARLTON & LANAHAK
SAN FRANCISCO: E. THOMAS.
CINCINNATI: HITCHCOCK & WALDEN.
S U N D A Y-S CHOOL DEPARTMENT.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? . M } u-
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1871, by
CARLTON & LANAHAN,
in the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? l>u
CHAPTER I.
CHILDHOOD OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
His Origin -- His Education -- His Disposition Page "7
CHAPTER II.
REIGN OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
His Valor -- His domestic Virtues -- His Piety .
27
CHAPTER III.
THE THIRTY YEARS' "WAR.
Its Beginnings -- Intervention of Gustavus Adolplms -- His
Departure 46
CHAPTER IV.
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS IN GERMANY.
His Difficulties -- Siege of Magdeburg -- Battle of Leipsic. . 11
CHAPTER V.
His sojourn at Frankfort -- His entrance into Nuremberg --
Battle of the Lech Ill
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? 6 Contents.
chapter vi.
LAST CAMPAIGNS OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
Siege of Ingolstadt -- Conquest of Bavaria -- Expedition of "Wal-
lenstein against Nuremberg Page 138
CHAPTER YIL
THE CLOSE OP THE LIFE OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
Return of the Swedes into Saxony -- Victory and Death of G-us-
tavus Adolphus at Lutzeu -- His Administration in Sweden 161
^llnBixnixanB.
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS 2
GusTAVus Found Studying the Bible 38
GusTAVus Addkessing his Troops 104
GusTAVus Taking Leave op his Queen 166
GusTAVus ON the Battle-Field of Lutzen 175
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? GTJSTAYUS ADOLPHUS.
CHAPTEE L
CHILDHOOD OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
His origin -- His education-- His disposition.
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS is one of
the grandest characters of modern
history, and one of the purest of the Ref-
ormation. He was, at the same time, an
excellent king, a famous general, and a
model Christian. His early death, and
the importance of the events in which he
was the main actor, add increased luster
to his genius and virtues. He displayed a
rare example of faithfnl and consistent
piety, in a position in which the soul
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? 8 GusTAvus Adolphus.
stands in even more dangers than tlie body.
He proved that genuine Christianity may
join faith to courage; and, with Coligny,
Duquesne, Havelock, and others, he showed
what power a religion may have which is
drawn directly from the divine sources of
the Bible.
Grustavus Adolphus was born at Stock-
holm, Dec. 9, 1594, and his cradle, so to
speak, was rocked in the midst of national
commotions. By his father, Charles, Duke
of Sundermania, he belonged to the royal
family of Sweden; and by his mother,
Christina, daughter of the Duke of Schles-
wig-Holstein, he was allied to the Danish
dynasty. The prestige, however, of such
an origin did not secure to him rest and
security. His childhood, like his man-
hood, was full of agitation.
At the beginning of the sixteenth cen-
tury Sweden was an elective kingdom.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl.
% ^'
Digitized by tine Internet Archive
in 2010 with funding from
The Library of Congress
http://www. archive. org/details/gustavusadolphusOOabel
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? f
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? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:39 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t6m04wr5k Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
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? Gustavus Adolphus.
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? 79^^^ /i'
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHTJS;
THE
HEEO OF THE EEFOEMATION.
L. A B E L O U S.
By Mrs. C. A. L A C R O I X.
"^TW^ EILILWi'S'iaA^EOS^S
New York : j^y i
CARLTON & LANAHAK
SAN FRANCISCO: E. THOMAS.
CINCINNATI: HITCHCOCK & WALDEN.
S U N D A Y-S CHOOL DEPARTMENT.
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? . M } u-
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1871, by
CARLTON & LANAHAN,
in the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington.
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? l>u
CHAPTER I.
CHILDHOOD OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
His Origin -- His Education -- His Disposition Page "7
CHAPTER II.
REIGN OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
His Valor -- His domestic Virtues -- His Piety .
27
CHAPTER III.
THE THIRTY YEARS' "WAR.
Its Beginnings -- Intervention of Gustavus Adolplms -- His
Departure 46
CHAPTER IV.
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS IN GERMANY.
His Difficulties -- Siege of Magdeburg -- Battle of Leipsic. . 11
CHAPTER V.
His sojourn at Frankfort -- His entrance into Nuremberg --
Battle of the Lech Ill
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? 6 Contents.
chapter vi.
LAST CAMPAIGNS OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
Siege of Ingolstadt -- Conquest of Bavaria -- Expedition of "Wal-
lenstein against Nuremberg Page 138
CHAPTER YIL
THE CLOSE OP THE LIFE OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
Return of the Swedes into Saxony -- Victory and Death of G-us-
tavus Adolphus at Lutzeu -- His Administration in Sweden 161
^llnBixnixanB.
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS 2
GusTAVus Found Studying the Bible 38
GusTAVus Addkessing his Troops 104
GusTAVus Taking Leave op his Queen 166
GusTAVus ON the Battle-Field of Lutzen 175
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? GTJSTAYUS ADOLPHUS.
CHAPTEE L
CHILDHOOD OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
His origin -- His education-- His disposition.
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS is one of
the grandest characters of modern
history, and one of the purest of the Ref-
ormation. He was, at the same time, an
excellent king, a famous general, and a
model Christian. His early death, and
the importance of the events in which he
was the main actor, add increased luster
to his genius and virtues. He displayed a
rare example of faithfnl and consistent
piety, in a position in which the soul
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? 8 GusTAvus Adolphus.
stands in even more dangers than tlie body.
He proved that genuine Christianity may
join faith to courage; and, with Coligny,
Duquesne, Havelock, and others, he showed
what power a religion may have which is
drawn directly from the divine sources of
the Bible.
Grustavus Adolphus was born at Stock-
holm, Dec. 9, 1594, and his cradle, so to
speak, was rocked in the midst of national
commotions. By his father, Charles, Duke
of Sundermania, he belonged to the royal
family of Sweden; and by his mother,
Christina, daughter of the Duke of Schles-
wig-Holstein, he was allied to the Danish
dynasty. The prestige, however, of such
an origin did not secure to him rest and
security. His childhood, like his man-
hood, was full of agitation.
At the beginning of the sixteenth cen-
tury Sweden was an elective kingdom.
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? GusTAvus Adolphus. 9
Christian 11. governed it, and, as the in-
heritor also of the thrones of Denmark and
Norway, he wore a triple crown. Sweden
submitted to, rather than chose, this vio-
lent and crafty monarch, who, in order to
establish his power, continually multiplied
confiscations and punishments. The son
of a Swedish senator, a victim of this san-
guinary ruler, (Gustavus Johannson, of
the house of Vasa, one of the first of the
Swedish nobility,) escaped from a prison
in Jutland, in which he was detained by a
Danish lord, under the order of Christian,
This young man conceived the bold plan
of delivering his country from the yoke of
tyranny under which it was groaning.
After having evaded all search of his op-
pressors, and resigned himself to the hum-
ble occupation of a thresher, he succeeded
in exciting to revolt the peasantiy of Dal-
matia, whither he had fled, and, with the
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? 10 GusTAvus Adolphtjs.
aid of these rude and brave mountaineers,
lie drove the Danes from Sweden and re-
stored its freedom. Chosen king by his
grateful country, Gustavns Vasa, who had
formerly been under the instruction of one
of Luther's pupils, instituted reforms in
all his States. "To serve God by being
obedient to his law, and by loving him
above all else; to believe in Jesus Christ
as our only Saviour; to study and teach
the word of God with zeal; to love our
neighbor as ourself, and to observe the Ten
Commandments -- such is the true worship
that we should render unto God; these
are our good works, and God has com-
manded no others. The Holy Scriptures
do not require wax tapers, nor palms, nor
mass, for the redemption of souls, nor does
it demand the worship of saints. God has
even forbidden such things. He has giv-
en us the sacrament as a symbol of the
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? GusTAvus Adolphus. 11
remission of sins, but not that it should
be framed in gold and silver and paraded
around grave-yards or elsewhere. " Such
was the profession of faith made by Gus-
tavus Vasa and adopted by all his subjects.
Gustavus Vasa abdicated in favor of his
son, in order to consecrate himself more
fully to the interests of his soul and to
prepare for death, whose near approach
was foretold by his failing health.
