No More Learning

1408.
The earl Kildare was taken prisoner king England’s son (the duke Lancaster).
The castle
the
The English Dublin, commanded the
king England's son, marched with force into unction and repentance.
Leinster; Hitsin Tuite was slain that expedi The king England’s son, leaving Ireland, tion, and was much lamented. liberated the earl Kildare before his departure.
Ballindun (in Sligo) was built by Teige Mac Donogh.
Collooney (in Sligo) was built Murrogh, the son Cormac Mac Donogh.
A. D. 1409.
The castle Ard Conor, son
Bryan, son John O'Hara, bishop died after having gained the victory
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210 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1410.
Malachy More Mac Geoghegan was deprived of his lordship, and Fergal Roe, son of Fergal Roe, son of Donogh, was appointed in his place.
great war broke out between O’Brien and his sons, and the sons Brian O’Brien, and having engaged battle, O’Brien was defeated, and the
Richard Burke's leg was broken by a grey earl Kildare's son, who happened along
with him and Dermod, were taken prisoners, and
O’Brien was expelled from Thomond by the sons of O’Brien.
Mac Carthy Cluasach, that Donal, son Fingin, son Donogh, son Dermod Reavar, died.
Fingin, son Mac Con, the son Fingin O’Driscoll, and the young O’Driscoll, died.
Murtogh Mac Gillultan, learned historian, died.
Eigneach O’Duinin, the intended chief poet Desmond, died the plague.
A. D. 1410.
Bryan, son of Donal, son of Murtogh O'Conor,
with Mac Donogh of Tirerrill, and the sons of Ti styled king his tribe, was taken prisoner
hound, which struck him while running, in conse quence of which he died.
Belleek (near Ballyshannon), was plundered by
Tiarnan O’Rourke, against O'Donnell and Cathal O’Rourke, while Owen O’Rourke, O’Donnell, and
the Tirconnellians were encamped on the opposite side of the cataract, and Cathal and Owen on this
side, and he carried away the prey from both parties.
O'Conor Roe and O’Kelly encamped about Roscommon, and destroyed the corn of the town and of the monastery, and they turned the friars out of the monastery, lest intelligence might be sent over to the castle.
arnan O’Rourke, marched with a great force, and Bryan Mac Mahon, which was they put supplies of provisions and money into and was delivered him
unbecoming act,
Owen O’Neill for Mac Guire,
Muintir Eoluis,
the castle of Roscommon, in spite of the men of Connaught, southward of the mountain, who were collected, both horse and foot, oppose them;
and they returned the same night into their camp, and the following day returned their homes. Muintir Cuirnin (of Leitrim) having committed
slaughter each other, viz. , John and Conla were
reward, and Owen sent him kept custody him.
Rannall Mac Rannall, chief
Murtogh O’Cuirnin, Bally Coillte Fogh the house Conor Crom, the son Teige O'Rourke, his lord and fos
died after extreme unction and repentance; and
Cumscrach Mac Rannall was appointed his suc
cessor the chieftaincy, who died fortnight after that.
Felim Cleirach, son Hugh, son Felim O’Conor, died.
Teige Carrach, the son Torlogh Dunn O'Co nor, died.
Malachy, son Owen O’Rourke, was slain the Connellians.
The castle of Dun Cremtanan was demolished
the men Carbury and the people Bres ney.
killed by Dermod, the son the house O’Duigenan,
air, Dermod then went
ter-brother; Conor immediately took him prisoner for his misdeeds, and delivered him the
O'Rourkes and O’Cuirnins, who kept him con fined afterwards for fortnight, when was slain by the son John O'Cuirnin.
Murtogh Mac Egan, chief Brehon the men Teffia (in Westmeath), man highly expe
rienced his profession, died.
Malachy, son Mulroona Mac Donogh, and
Shane Buidhe, his brother, made attack upon
Teige, son Mulroona, son Gilcreest Mac Do nogh, Moylurg, whom they took prisoner; the people the country, having collected together, gave them battle, which Malachy, the son
Mac Donogh, received wound from dart, which he died.
Thomas, son
Thomond, died.
Sabina, daughter Conor O’Brien, the wife
Walter Burke, died.
Cormac Oge Mac Carthy died while imprisoned
his kinsman Mac Carthy More.
Teige, son Malachy, son William, son
Donogh Muinach O'Kelly, lord Hy Maine,
chief who was distinguished for his charity and benevolence, died after having gained the victory
repentance.
Donal O’Neill, lord Tyrone, man who was
Mulmurry Magrath, chief poet
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REIGN OF HENRY IV.
Teige, son of William, son of Conor Mac Bra Roe O'Reilly, lord Brefney (county
21 )
Cavan),
his
nan, chief of Corcachlan (in Roscommon), died on
the 1st of November, in his own house at Coillte
More of Cluan Sencha, after extreme unction and
a sincere repentance, and was interred in the mo
nastery of the friars at Roscommon, in the tomb of his father and ancestors.
Donogh, son of Malachy O'Kelly, succeeded Teige in the lordship of Hy Maine.
died.
Covhach O'Madden, the intended lord
own estate, died.
The sons of O'Conor Don carried away five hun
dred cows from the people of O'Conor Roe, about pelled from Ireland James, the son Gerald. November, from Rath Brenan (in Roscommon). Malachy, son Bryan Mac Tiarnan, tanist
Torlogh and Teige, the sons of O'Mulloy, and Tullaghonoho (in Cavan), died.
Donal, the grandson of Hoibicin O'Mulloy, were Conor O'Casey, erenach the lands Muintir slain by the people of Clan Maoilughra (Glenma Casey, Devenish, and Johannes Mac Scully,
lire, in the King's and Queen's counties. )
Malachy More, son of Fergal, son of Murtogh
Murtogh Midhach, the son Bryan O'Ferrall, Westmeath), died after having gained the vic lord the Port Annaly (county Longford),
tory extreme unction and repentance. man who was never reproached, died.
i)onal, son Cormac O’Hara, heir the lord Conor, son Gillamochuda' O'Sullivan, was
More Mac Geoghegan, lord of Kinel Fiachaidh
ship Lieney, died.
O’Brien returned Thomond, after having
made peace with his kinsmen, the sons Brian O’Brien.
The English Meath, and the lord justice, took
treacherously slain by his own kinsmen.
The monastery Eannaghdune (in Galway),
was burned.
Donal Doidhiola O’Bechain (O’Beahan), learned historian, died.
Dermod, son Gillaisa Magrath, chief poet Thomond, died.
Donal, son Cathal O'Rourke (in Leitrim)died. Taichleach Buidhe O’Hara (of Sligo), died. The sheriff Meath was taken prisoner by
O'Conor Faily, and exacted great ransom for his liberation.
Moybrecraighe (in Longford) from
Murtogh, son Cu-uladh O'Neill, prince pre
sumptive Tyrone, died.
O'Sullivan More was treacherously taken pri soner, his eyes put out, and his son slain, by Do
onal Duv O’Sullivan.
Thomas, son John, earl Desmond, was ex
erenach his own lands Rossory (both Fermanagh), died.
the castle O'Ferrall.
Donal, son
Connaught, was slain his own territory sons Bryan O'Flaherty.
Hugh O'Flaherty, lord
West the
O’Donnell (Torlogh) marched with force into Brefney O’Rourke, plundered and burned the coun try; the men Brefney pursued and overtook them, and engagement took place which the pur suers were defeated, and John, son Owen O’Rourke, with many others, were slain, and the Tirconnellians carried away the booty.
Mac Carthy More was expelled livans.
the O'Sul
taken prisoner
the complaints
A. D. 141
Donal, son Conor O’Brien, tanist
Thomond,
was slain by the Barry More.
Owen, son Murrogh O'Madden, lord Siol
Anmcha (in Galway), died.
Maolmora, son Cuconacht, son
D. 1411.
Gillaisa
Giolla Mochuda. --It has been stated the note on Des mond, that the Mac Gillicuddys, chiefs Kerry, were branch
Maolmurry O’Donnell,
and accusations
Teige Caoch-na-moicheirghe, the son Der
mod Mac Carthy, the intended lord Desmond, was treacherously slain Felim, the son Der mod Mac Carthy.
Mac Manus Tir Tuathail (in Roscommon),
and his son, were slain by the sons Roderick Mac Manus.
the O'Sullivans; and probable they took their name from the above Giolla Mochuda O’Sullivan.
Mac Sweeney was consequence
some his own people.
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212 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1412-13.
A. D. 1412.
Donal, son of Niall O’Donnell, died.
ravaged their territories despite them, destroyed their crops and burned their fortresses, viz. , Castle
bar, Lethinsi (castle Lehinch), and the town Lough Mask; and having left Clan Maurice, with their troop cattle-drivers, their own country,
Hugh, son of Henry O'Neill, made his escape
from Dublin, where he had been imprisoned for ten
years, and brought several other prisoners along
with him, among whom were the son of Mac Guire
(of Fermanagh), and the son of O’Neill, namely, Irish that occasion, and then returned safe
his own brother's son; and it was on O’Neill’s account he became a hostage; after his escape the entire province (of Ulster) was much disturbed,
the English demanding O’Neill to be delivered to them by Owen O’Neill, O'Donnell, Mac Guire, and the Orgiallians.
TiarnanQge, theson'of Tiarnan More (O'Rourke),
heir to the lordship of Brefney, died in the 36th
year of his age, in the month of April. Cuchonacht MacTiarnan, chiefos Tullaghonoho,
his own home.
Owen, son Donal, son Murtogh O'Conor,
marched force into the plain Connaught, the invitation the sons Torlogh O'Conor, and spoiled the portion the plain belonging
Felim's grandsons, and carried away cattle and hostages.
Cathal O'Ferrall, was slain house at Croaghan Mac Tiarnan (Croghan, near Machaire Chuircme (barony Kilkenny West,
was slain by the people of Fermanagh, in his own
Killeshandra, county of Cavan), in a nocturnal at tack, and they slew men, women, and children, burned the town, and then returned.
Donogh, son of Donal Mac Gillfinen (of Fer managh), died.
Ricard Barrett having gone to plunder Coolcar
javelin.
king England
Mayo), the gentlemen the country put flight, and pursued him the Moy,
mey
him
which
people, and others them were taken prisoners.
Mac Brady, chief Cuile Brighdin (in county Cavan); Manus Mac Rannall, the son
Loghlin O’Rourke, and Cuabha Mac Gorman, died.
was drowned, together with many his
Edaleis, and the son the earl Kildare, fell each other's hands Kilmochelog (Kilmallock,
Limerick).
contest arose between O’Donnell and O’Kane,
joined the sons John O’Donnell; O'Kane and the sons John O’Donnell having marched with their forces into Tirconnell, they slew fourteen O'Donnell's men, together with the son Felim O’Donnell, andCathal, the son Rannall O'Boyle.
Bryan, son Donal, son Murtogh O'Conor,
marched with great force, about Lammas, into Gaileanga (Gallen, Mayo), from thence Clan
Cuain, Carra, and Conmaicne Cuile Tola (Kilmain), which territory brought the Clan Maurice-na-mbrigh, with their troop cattle
drivers; the Clan William Burke, the O'Flahertys, the O’Malleys, the Barretts, the people Gallen, and the Costelloes, collected together oppose him, but with their combined forces they gave him neither skirmish nor battle, although Bryan
A. D.
1413.
obtained peaceable terms from the English and
Sabina, daughter Edmond, son
Tiarnan O'Rourke, the wife Thomas, the son Cathal
O'Ferrall, died. Roderick, son
Westmeath), the cast
Henry V. " was proclaimed the 20th of March.
Bryan O'Conor marched
(in Donegal), burned the country far Mur
vach, and slew Coiline Mac Coilin shannon.
Bally
Henry Barrett was taken prisoner Mac Watten (Robert), the church Errew Lough Con (in Mayo), out which took him by force, after thus profaning the town; and every night
the saint the place, namely, Tiarnan appeared Mac Watten vision,
the prisoner, whose liberation tained, and Mac Watten dedicated
Errew, demanding
length ob quarter
land for ever St. Tiarnan, profaned his place.
Conor O’Dogherty, chief
eraic for having
Ard Midhair, and unbounded generosity
lord
Inis Owen,
man
A. D. 1412. Henry V. -King Henry IV. died
the 20th
March,
1413, and was succeeded his son Henry
force into Tir Hugh
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REIGN OF HENRY V.
and general hospitality to the poor and needy, died. Donal; O'Meagher, chief Tuathal O’Malley having gone for refuge into and Mac Egan Ormond,
213 Ikerrin (in Tipperary),
the province of Ulster, there remained for a were learned the laws, died.
which family
year, at the end of which time he set out for home
with seven ships, about the festival of St. Colum
kille, but a storm overtook them off the western
coast, which drove them to the south of Alban
(Scotland), where six of the ships were lost with
their crews, among whom were the two sons of
Tuathal O'Malley; Donogh, son of Owen Con October. nachtach Mac Sweeney; Donal Ballach, the son
The monastery Sligo was burned candle the spring this year.
The sons Henry O’Neill attacked Owen, the son Niall Oge O'Neill, and took him prisoner
pledge for O'Neill, whom Owen had then
Cormac, son of Teige, son of Roderick O’Co prisoner, for whom was obtained ransom nor, died on the 6th of the Kalends of May. fourteen hundred marks; and for Dardis the law Torlogh, theson of O'Conor Faily, died from a fall. less, and the other prisoners who were taken, was Bebin, daughter of Roderick, the son of Tom received ransom twelve hundred marks, be
altach Mac Donogh, the wife of Owen, son of sides reward and fine for intercession.
of Mac Sweeney Girr, together with two hundred
and forty others, and Tuathal with much difficulty landed in Scotland.
Cathal, son of Owen O'Madden, lord of Siol Anmcha, died.
Thomas Oge O'Reilly, and the Mac Cabes, hav
ing gone on a hostile incursion into Meath, they
burned and committed depredations therein, but Murrogh O'Conor, lord Offaley, and Fergal were overtaken by the English, who slew Mahon Roe Mac Geoghegan, lord
Mac Cabe, Loghlin Mac Cabe, and a great many Neill, gave great defeat the English Meath, of their people; and Thomas Oge received an ar Kil Echain," which the baron Screen, and row (or dart) in his leg, from the effects of which great many officers and common soldiers, were he was ever after lame. slain, and the son the baron Slane was taken
Donal O’Conor, died.
The entire of Limerick, both stone and wooden
buildings, was burned by one woman.
Mac Murrogh, that Art, the son Art Ca
venagh, lord Leinster, defeated the English the Contae Riavach (Wexford), and slew and took prisoners great numbers them.
Hugh, son Cathal O'Conor, died.
Mac Carthy Carbery, that Donal, the son
Donal, died.
The earl Desmond* came Ireland, and he
brought over many Saxons with him spoil Mun ster.
The earl of Ormond arrived Ireland from the O'Byrne (of Wicklow), likewise gave the Eng king England.
lish Dublin signal overthrow, which great John Stanley came Ireland the king numbers them were slain, and taken prisoners. England's viceroy, man who gave neither tole Colla, son Teige O’Kelly, heir the lordship ration nor termon (sanctuary) ecclesiastics, lay
Hy Maine; Malachy Mac Manus, the son
A. D. 1414.
men, literary men, but with whom came
Cill Echain considered Killucan Westmeath
and this battle was fought the 10th May; the baron
Screen, slain this battle, was Thomas Marward, the family
Marward being former times barons Screen Meath; the was afterwards appointed lord lieutenant Ireland sir John Flemings were barons Slane Meath, and Christopher Flem
ing was the person above-mentioned, for whom the great ransom
was received; and Dardis the lawless, who also mentioned,
was Jenico Dartas Dardis, native Gascony, who was ce lists, by the severe satires the Bard O'Higgin, whom he had lebrated military commander, sent Ireland the English go plundered; was the family the Stanleys, earls Derby.
O'Flynn, chief Siol Maolruain (in Galway), was slain the son Murtogh O'Flynn.
A. D. 1414. Donal O’Heoghain, dean
Lough Erne (dean the Nones
Clogher), died the
imprisonment, and both were liberated one for the other, after which O’Neill, that Donal, reas
sumed his lordship.
vernment that time, and was probably called the lawless ac count his having plundered various parts the country.
The earl Desmond this time was Thomas Fitzgerald and the above-mentioned earl Ormond was James Butler, who
Stanley was appointed lord deputy Ireland, and landed
Clontarfin October, 1413, and died Ardee on the 6th Janu
ary following, his death being occasioned, according
the anna
Kinel Fiacha Mac
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214 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1415.
in contact he subjected to cold, hardship, and fa raldines; he also plundered a great many of the
mine; and he it was who plundered Niall, the son bards of Ireland, namely, Dermod O'Daly of
of Hugh O'Higgin, at Uisneach of Meath (West Meath, Hugh Oge Magrath, Duvthach Mac
meath); but Henry D'Alton plundered James Keogh the learned, and Maurice O'Daly; and in
Tuite and the king's people, and gave to the the following summer he plundered O'Daly of
O'Higgins a cow in lieu of each cow, of which Corcomroe (in Clare), namely, Fergal, son of Teige,
they had been plundered, and afterwards escorted the son of Aongus Roe ; he plundered Bruighin them into Connaught; the O'Higgins, on ac da-Choga," in Machaire Cuirche, and not that
count of Niall, then satirized John Stanley, who alone, but he gave no termon, nor spared either only lived five weeks after the satirizing, having saint or sanctuary, while he remained in Ireland. died from the venom of their satires; this was the Hugh O'Malley committed great depredations second instance of the poetic influence of Niall on Dermod O’Malley, and Dermod having taken O'Higgin's satires, the first having been the Clan possession of the Island of O’Malley, Hugh pur Conway turning grey the night they plundered sued him thither, and a battle ensued, in which Niall at Cladain, and the second the death of John Hugh O'Malley, lord of Umalia, was slain by Stanley. Dermod, and also his son Conor, together with
Conor, son of Geoffrey O'Flanagan, the intended the son of Thomas O’Malley, and Donal, the son chief of Clan Cathail (in Roscommon), died on of Dermod O'Malley; the inheritance of Umalia
the sixth day of November.
Eochy MacMahon, tanist of Orgial (Monaghan),
was taken prisoner by Bryan Mac Mahon and the English.
Murrogh O’Henesy, lord of Clan Colgan (in King's county), died.
Art Cavenagh, heir to the kingdom of Leinster, died.
was henceforth wrested from the race of Hugh, and Dermod assumed the lordship.
Tomaltach Roe, the son of Conor Mac Maurice, died.
Closach O’Coffey, a man distinguished for his poetry and humanity, died.
Dermod, son of Dermod, son of Conor, son of
Tomaltach Mac Dermott, was slain by the sons of Mulroona, son of Fergal Mac Dermott, lord of O'Conor Don, and was interred in the monastery
Moylurg, died.
O’Driscoll More (of Cork) was treacherously slain by the crew of a merchant vessel.
A. D. 1415.
Edmond Mac Finnavar, prior of Inismore on Lough Gamhna (Lough Gawna, in Longford),
died on the 27th of April.
Lord Furnival' arrived as lord justice of Ireland;
of Athdalaarg (Boyle. )
Cahir, son of Donogh O'Ferrall, and Hugh, son
of Donogh O’Kelly, died.
Tomaltach, son of Teige O’Beirne (of Roscom
mon), was slain in a nocturnal attack by Fergal, the son of Dermod Mac Rannall, at Cluain Sith,
in Bally Elli, in the house of Mac-an-Donna naigh, and the daughter of Loghlin O’Hanley was burned there also on the 6th of the Ides of January.
he plundered Leixof O'Moore (in Queen's county),
and took the castle of the son of Fachtna O'Moore;
he carried away great preys of cows, horses and Geoghegan was killed at Kilcuarachte (Kilcoursey, other property from Oriel, spoiled and plundered in King's county).
Mac-na-m Breathnach (Walsh), and hanged Gerald, Commotions arose between the people of Lie the son of Thomas Caoch, of the blood of the Ge ney (in Sligo), and having engaged in battle, the
A. D. 1415.
1. Sir John Talbot, lord Furnival, above-mentioned, was ap
pointed lord lieutenant of Ireland, and landed at Dalkey in Septem ber, 1414; he was afterwards earl of Shrewsbury, and a celebrated commander in the wars of Henry V. in France. Lord Furnival, after waging war with the Irish chiefs, in various parts of the country, departed from Ireland in the year 1419, and, according to Marlburgh, in his Chronicle, “carrying along with him the
curses of many, because he being run much in debt for victual and divers other things, would pay little or nothing at all. ” His brother, Richard Talbot, archbishop of Dublin, was appointed lord justice.
2. Bruighin-da-Choga, or the fortress of the two wars, was situated in Machaire Cuirche, now the barony of Kilkenny West,
in Westmeath, a place celebrated in the Ossianic poems.
Conor, son of Bryan, the son of William Mac
eastern portion were defeated and many of them slain ; and Art, the son of O’Hara, was taken prisoner and hanged by them at their own house.
The sons of Dermod Duv O'Flaherty were taken prisoners and slain by their own kinsmen, and the Giolla Duv O'Flaherty.
A contest arose between the people of Fer managh and the men of Brefney, concerning the rent of Cathal, the son of Hugh O’Rourke, who
was then in alliance with the people of Fermanagh;
a battle was fought between them, in which the
party of Hugh Mac Guire, and of Cathal
O'Rourke, were defeated by Teige and Donal O'Rourke, and Teige, the son of Fergal O’Rourke,
easbuic (Rathaspick, in Westmeath); and Conor,
son of Fergal, son of Cuchonacht O'Ferrall, was elected his successor by the chapter of Ardagh. O'Hainmohe, dean of Killala, died.
Maurice O'Coineoil, the coarb of Drumcliff (in Sligo), was burned in his own house by robbers.
Thomas Mac Innoglaidh, erenach of Kilhoiridh (Killerry, in Sligo), and chief master of Connaught in laws, died after having gained the victory of re pentance.
Hugh Buidhe and Teige O'Rourke, with Mac Cabe, made another attack on Muintir Pheodach aim (Pettigo in Fermanagh), but the people of Fermanagh, from Lough Erne westward, with Cathal O’Rourke and Owen O’Rourke, pursued them, and the sons of O’Rourke endured the hard ship of that pursuit, until they came up to a place where they had planted their galloglasses in am bush; both parties then turned upon their pursuers, and slew Donogh and John O’Rourke, with the two
REIGN OF HENRY V. 215
A. D. 1416.
Adam Lexid (Adam Lyns, in Ware), bishop of with nine others, were slain, and eleven horses were
Ardagh, an English friar, was burned at Rath taken from them on that occasion.
Luke O'Treabhair (O'Trevor), erenach of Kil sons of Malachy, the son of Flaherty O’Rourke, fearga (Killargy, in Leitrim), died after a well and forty-eight of the people of Fermanagh.
spent life.
The monastery of Sligo, which had been burned,
was rebuilt by Bryan the friar, the son of Dermod Mac Donogh.
Gormley, daughter of Niall More O'Neill, the wife of John O’Donnell, died.
Ardgall, son of Bryan More Mac Mahon, lord of Orgial (Monaghan), died.
Cumeadha, son of John Mac Namara, heir to the chieftaincy of Clan Cuilein, died.
Donal, son of Tiarnan More O’Rourke, died of the small-pox, and his death was very much la mented in Gairbh Thrian of Connaught (the rough district of Connaught, or Leitrim).
Graine, the daughter of Flaherty O’Rourke, died.
Teige Oge, the son of Teige Roe Mac Dermott Gall, lord of Airteach, died after the festival of St. Michael, in the house of the friars at Roscommon, and was interred in the monastery.
The church of Inismore on Lough Gil (in Sligo), was burned, in which were destroyed the
Mac Jordan Dexeter, with his kinsmen, made
an attack on the sons of John O’Hara; and manuscripts of O'Cuirnin; the Leabhar Gearr (or
O'Hara himself, with Torlogh Carrach, son of
Donal, the son of Murtogh O'Conor, and the other precious articles.
cavalry of Carbury (in Sligo), were met by the
James, the son of Richard Bermingham, died.
John Mac Costello having gone on a predatory excursion against Edmond of the Plain, committed of Murtagh O'Conor, together with the son of great plunder, and slew himself with a javelin, after
advanced party of Mac Jordan's forces, who slew O’Hara and wounded Manus, son of Donogh, son
Hugh Mac Donogh, and Torlogh Carrach, the son of Donal (O'Conor); Mac Jordan, after that, plundered the district, but the people of the entire country having collected together, pursued them,
having secured the prey.
John O'Cannavan, parson of Tir Fiachra of the Moy (in Sligo), died.
Felim, son of Hugh O'Conor, was slain by the
and Mac Jordan was defeated and slain; and sons of O'Conor Don.
Hugh O’Ruadhain, with O’Ruadhain himself; the two sons of Thomas, son of Myler; and Mac Duarcain, lord of Cul Aneiridh (in Mayo), were also slain, with many others.
Edmond Burke committed great depredations on Bermingham (in Galway), whom he took
prisoner, and confined in the town of Lough Mask.
Short Book) of the O'Cuirnins, together with many
216 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1417-18.
Thomas, the son Mac Maurice Kerry, was slain by James, the son the earl Desmond.
Mathew, son Cuchonacht O'Ferrall, lord of Meath, and took from them much property, in Moy Treagha (in Longford), died.
O'Donnell and Bryan O'Conor made a peace with each other. -
O'Conor Faily gave a great defeat to the English
cluding horses, accoutrements, and also prisoners. A great number of Saxons came to Ireland.
Mac Murrogh defeated the English of Condae
Cormac Ballach, son Fergal, son Cucho nacht O'Ferrall, was slain the English.
great contest arose between O’Neill and the Riavach (Wexford), and having slain and taken Tirconnellians; O’Neill made nocturnal attack
prisoners seventeen score of them (340), they made peace with him on the following day.
A. D. 1417.
the camp Naghtan O’Donnell Carn Glass, between Raphoe and Donoghmore, and, having surprised the persons there their sleep, they took from them twenty horses, obtained great booty, including arms, armour, and clothing, and slew and took prisoners eleven them and
Art Cavenagh, king of Leinster,' the son of
Art, son of Murtogh, son of Maurice, lord of Lein Naghtan himself escaped by his valour, feats
ster, a man who defended his province against
the English and Irish, from the age of sixteen to his 60th year; a man distinguished for his hospi tality, knowledge, and feats of arms; a man full of prosperity and royalty; a founder of churches and monasteries by his bounty and contributions, died, after having been forty-two years in the go vernment of Leinster, on the 7th day after Christ mas; some state that it was by drinking a poison
arms, and intrepidity.
Una, daughter Donal O’Neill, the wife
Niall Oge O'Neill, died.
great war broke out Leinster between the
English and the Irish.
A. D. 1418.
The bishop O’Driscoll and Mac Con O’Dris ous draught, which a woman gave him at Ross coll, his brother, lord Corca Laighe Cork),
Mac Briuin, and also to O’Doran, the Brehon of
Leinster, that both died; Donogh his son suc
ceeded him in the government.
Master John, parson of Devenish, died.
and Dermod, the son Mac Carthy Cluaisidh, tanist Hy Cairpre (Carbery, Cork), died.
Niall O'Donnell committed great depredations and plunder O’Neill, and expelled him across
Dermod Lamhdearg (the Red-handed) son of
Art Cavenagh, the son of the king of Leinster, Antrim).
died.
Roderick, the O’Dowd, son of Donal, son of
Bryan, son of Taichleach O’Dowd, the fountain
of prosperity and wealth of Hy Fiachra Sligo),
died own town the festival Bridget,
within month spring, and was succeeded
Teige Riavach his brother. was during the
time this Teige, that the Book Oiris Leacan was written.
Roderick, son Murrogh O'Flaherty, Rode
rick, son Dermod Duv O'Flaherty, together with O'Conor, man who never refused any person
sixteen the O'Flahertys, were drowned coast Umalia (in Mayo).
the
request which lay his power, died, and was in terred Roscommon.
year 1399; the place his death mentioned Ross Mac
A. D. 1417.
Art Cavenagh, king Leinster, here mentioned, was the
Briuin, now Old Ross, the county Wexford, which was also celebrated warrior Art Mac Murrogh O'Cavenagh, whose ex called Ross Mac Treoin, and where the Mac Murroghs, kings
ploits his contests with the English forces, under king Richard Leinster, had one their castles those times. II. , account has been given note these Annals, the
the Bann, eastward Mac Quillan's country
Lord Furnival committed great depredations Hugh, the son Art Mac Gennis, lord Iveagh,
Ulidia; Mac Gennis (that Hugh) and the son O’Neill Buidhe pursued the English they were carrying away the plunder, and defeated
them after they had left the booty behind them, and immense number the English were slain and taken prisoners by Mac Gennis that occasion.
Bryan Ballach, son Hugh, son Felim
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REIGN OF HENRY V. 217
Owen, son of Tiarnan More O’Rourke, tanist Teige, that is the Mac Clancy, son of Cathal, of Brefney, was drowned after Christmas, while son of Teige, chief of Dartry (in Leitrim), died a returning from Inis-na-dTorc, on Lough Fionn fortnight after he had entered the monastic order, mhaighe (in Leitrim), whither he had gone on a visit and his son Cathal succeeded him.
to his father, who was then on his death bed. Richard, son of Thomas O’Reilly, lord of East
Tiarnan More, son of Ualgarg O’Rourke, lord Brefney (Cavan), was drowned in Lough Shilean, of Brefney, the bravest and most valiant man of together with Owen O’Reilly, his son; Philip, the the race of Hy Briune, a man who wrested his es son of Gillaisa Mac Caffrey, dean of Dromlane, tates from his enemies by the force of arms, and vicar of Eanach Garv (Annagh or Annageliffe, died at an advanced age on the festival of St. diocese of Kilmore), and many other persons of Bridget, and was buried in the monastery of note; but Fiongualla, daughter of Mac Rannall,
Sligo, and Hugh Buidhe O’Rourke succeeded his father.
Leinster. —In this article, and in succeeding notes, will be given
the history and topography of Leinster. At A. D. 1363, in these
annals, have beenshewn the ancient divisions of Ireland into five
provinces or kingdoms, and the boundaries of each. The ancient
kindom of Leinster comprised the present counties of Wexford,
Wicklow, Carlow, and Queen's county, the greater part of Kil placed ancient Leinster, according our old annalists and to
pographers.
kenny, King's county, and Kildare, and that part of Dublin
south of the river Liffey. Parts of Kilkenny, bordering on Tip
perary, and the southern parts of the King's county, belonged to
ancient Munster, and some of the northern part of the King's
county belonged to the province of Meath. The above-named ter
ritories continued to be the limits of Leinster down to the reign of
Elizabeth, as may be seen in Spenser's View of Ireland, but in
after times the old kingdom of Meath was added to Leinster, and
also the county of Louth, which was part of the ancient king named Slainge, the son Dela, place called after him, In dom of Ulster.
Leinster in early times was called Gaillian or Coige Gaillian,
and got its name, as stated in O'Conor's Dissertations, and in Keat
ing, from being possessed the tribe Firbolgs called Fir Connaught, and are called O'Flaherty and other writers Fir Gaillian, signifying Spear-men, but afterwards got the name Domnians and Damnonians; and the Fir-Gaillian, signifying
Laighean from the following circumstance:—Nearly three cen spearmen, who possessed Leinster; they are placed Charles turies before the Christian era, Labhra Loingseach, Lavra O'Conor's Map Ancient Ireland, the counties Wexford, the ships, Irish prince, having been banished Gaul, became Wicklow, and Carlow, under the name Galenii, Galenians,
commander the forces the king that country, and after under which name they are also mentioned O'Flaherty's Ogy wards led army 2200 Gauls Ireland, for the recovery gia. Our old annalists represent the Firbolg race Scy the crown. He landed the place afterwards called Lough thians, and the name considered O’Brien, his Dictionary, Garman, now the bay Wexford, and proceeded Dinnrigh,
ancient fortress the kings Leinster, which was situated
near the river Barrow, between Carlow and Leighlin, and there
put death Cobhthach Caolbreagh, the king who had usurped the
throne, and became himself monarch Ireland. The Gaulish been colony the Belgae, from the northern parts Gaul
troops brought over Lavra were armed with green broad-headed spears, called Laighin, which were introduced amongst all the forces the province, hence got the name Coige Laighean,
the province the Spears, and from Laighean, pronounced Laen, has been formed the word Leinster.
Belgium, and adjoining parts Germany, which country was called Caesar, and other Roman writers, Gallia Belgica. These Belgians were the most warlike nation Gaul, whom the Ro man armies, under Caesar, found very difficult conquer, and whose different tribes, the Belloraci, Menapii, Atrebates, and Remii, interesting accounts are given Caesar's Commentaries.
Hy Kinsealach and Cualann. —Under this head will
given the history and topography the ancient territories com The Belgians Gaul are considered have beenCelts Celto-Scy prised the present counties Wexford, Wicklow, and Carlow, thians, and have spoken dialect the Celtic tongue, which
was also the language the Firbolg Belgians Ireland. The Belgians Gaul, early times, also colonised the southern parts Britain, and when the Romans, under Caesar, invaded Britain, they found the whole southern coast, from Suffolk Devonshire, occupied Belgic tribes, the Cantii, Kent, the Trinobantes
Essex and Middlesex, the Regni and Atrebates Surrey, Sussex, Hampshire, Wiltshire, and Somerset, and the Damnonii Devonshire; the capital city the British Belgians was Venta Belgarum, now Winchester. According various antiquaries, tory now forming the county Wicklow, and name was de the Belgians who settled Ireland are said have come from Britain the first century, having fled this island when Bri tain was conquered the Romans; but though some the Bri tish Belgians may have come Ireland this time, our
with their chiefs and clans, and the possessions each ancient and modern times, collected from the various works already enu
merated the notes The extensive territory Eana Cinsealach, king
Thomond, Desmond, Ormond, and Desies.
Hy Kinselach derived its name from Leinster, the fourth century, and
comprised the present counties Wexford and Carlow, with some adjoining parts Wicklow, Kilkenny, and Queen's county.
Cuala, Cualan, Crioch Cualan, that the country Cua lan, was the designation the greater part the ancient terri
rived from Cuala, one the sons Breogan, who was one the commanders the Milesian colony from Spain, and took pos session this country, which was called after him Sliabh Cualan,
the wife of O’Reilly, escaped being drowned, by her expertness in swimming.
the Mountain Cuala; and mentioned that two fortresses the territory Cualan were erected the Milesians, one
Turlogh Invear More, now called Arklow, by Amergin, and the other Seaghda, Dun Deilinis, now Delgany.
Ancient inhabitants Leinster —There are various colonies
The Belgians. —The colony called our old Irish writers Fir-Bolg, Viri Belgici, men Belgium, whom ac
count has been already given the notes North and South Connaught, Thomond, and Desmond, are stated have been
Scythians, and have sailed Ireland from Greece, and have landed with large force Connaught, Erris, Mayo, and
another body them landed under one their commanders
bhear Slainge, now the Bay Wexford, from which the river Slaney also derived its name. The Fir-Bolg were divided into two great tribes, namely, the Fir-Domhnan, who possessed
the word Bolg, derived from Fear, man, and bolg, quiver, consequence their being armed chiefly with bows and
arrows, and may observed that the Scythians were famous archers. The Firholg are considered by various writers have
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218 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1418.
The Caislean Beag (or small castle), was erected castle, and burned the church Cuil Siline on by William O’Kelly, in the space of fifteen days, that occasion.
at Roscommon, opposite the great castle, in spite Lasarina, daughter Cathal, son Hugh Bres of the English and Irish Connaught who op mach (O'Conor), the wife Malachy, son
posed him, and who aided the sons O'Conor, the summer this year. The sons Donal, the son
Torlogh
Flaherty O’Rourke, died.
peace was concluded by the Clan Donogh
(O'Conors) with each other, long Mac Donogh O'Conor should continue their lord.
great war arose between the son O’Neill Routes (in the county Antrim).
Murtogh O'Conor, and the Clan Donogh (O'Conors),
Donal, son Malachy, the son Maurice Mac Donogh, died his own house.
marched with great force demolish the
small castle, and did not halt until they pitched
their camp around every direction; however,
they got advantage by that, for the castle Claneboy and the Albanaigh (Scots), and the was bravely defended; and when they could not English Ulidia (county Down), and the succeed, they put provisions into the great
ancient annalists agree their accounts the Firbolg having arrived Ireland many centuries previous that period, and far back thousand years before the Christian era.
The Tuath De Daman colony, whom an account has been given the notes North and South Connaught, having con quered the Firbolgs Belgians, became possessors the country;
but the Danans themselves were conquered the Milesians, who became masters of Ireland.
The Brigantes. —In the Map Ancient Ireland, Ptolemy, the Greek geographer the second century, given Ware, and according various other geographers, the Brigantes are placed inhabiting the territories Leinster and Munster now forming the counties Wexford, Waterford, Tipperary, Kilkenny, Carlow, and Queen's county and according the old English geographers, Richard Cirencester and Camden, these Brigantes fled for refuge, the first century, from the north England, Yorkshire, Ireland, from the Romans, their invasion Bri tain; but though some these British Brigantes might have fled
Ireland that period, their arrival Ireland was many centu ries before that time, according our ancient annalists. The Irish Brigantes, according our old writers, originally came from Brigantia, Spain, and were the same stock the Milesians;
Caspian seas. The Brigantes, both Ireland and Britain, being Celts, Celto-Scythians, spoke dialect the Celtic language. The Picts, called the Irish writers Cruithnidh, Cruithne, which signifies painted men, are stated the Psalter Cashel,
according Keating and others, have come Ireland from Thrace, the reign Heremon, nearly thousand years before the Christian era, and have landed Inverslainge, now the bay
Wexford, under two chief commanders, Gud and Cathluan; but not being permitted settle Ireland, they sailed North Britain, and took possession the country afterwards called Ca ledonia the Romans, now Scotland, over which the Pictish kings ruled for many centuries, till conquered the Milesian co lonies from Ireland under Cairbre Riada and his successors, from the third the seventh centuries, and from these colonies were
rather, branch that colony, being the descendants Breo
gain, grandfather Milesius. This Breogain was king Spain,
and celebrated warrior, and his sons came commanders the
Milesian expedition Ireland along with Heber, Heremon, and
the other sons Milesius, and the posterity Breogain got
the name Clanna Breogain, signifying the descendants Breo The Picts Britain are celebrated history their wars with
gain, and Latinized Brigantes. The Clanna Breogain are men
tioned by different writers under the name Ithians, descend
ants Ith, the son Breogain, and are also called Lugadii,
Lugadians, from Lugaidh, the son Ith. An account the
chief families the Clanna Breogain, Ithians, has beengiven
the notes on Thomond and Desmond. According our old
writers, great numbers the Tuath Danan, Firbolg, Clanna den and other antiquaries, were colony the Menapii from Bel
Breogain, and Picts, were expelled from Ireland by the Milesians the early ages, and settled various parts Britain. The British Brigantes possessedthe northern parts England, now the counties York, Lancaster, Cumberland, Westmoreland, and
gic Gaul. The city Menapia, the map Ptolemy, consi
dered have been the place afterwards called Wexford; probably, stated Fraser's Survey Wexford, Menapia was the ancient city Ferns. The celebrated Carausius, Menapian, who the third century became Roman emperor Britain,
Durham, and were celebrated for their valour and resistance the
Romans. The origin the Brigantes Ireland and Britain, considered Usher, Ware, Camden, and other antiquaries
many other ancient people, has puzzled antiquaries; some whom are opinion that the Brigantes came from Spain, and were Phenician origin; but the learned Baxter, his Glos sary British Antiquities, considers that the Brigantes cameori ginally from Phrygia and Armenia, and passed into Thrace and other parts Europe, which seems partly coincide with the old Irish writers, according whose accounts the Milesians and Clan na Breogain Spain were Scythian origin, and came from those parts the borders Europe and Asia, between the Euxine and
have been native the city Menapia Ireland, the Roman writers state that he was citizen Menapia. He was trained up from his youth naval expeditions, and was man extraor dinary military abilities and bravery entered into the Roman army Britain the reign the Roman emperors Diocletian and Maximian, and was appointed commander-in-chief their fleets
the northern seas, bring under subjection the Franks, Saxons, and Scandinavians, who attacked the Roman settlements Gaul and Britain. Carausius having conquered these pirates, he at
like that
colony early times, Down and Antrim, where they resided many centuries under their own
descended the Scottish kings, and the house Stuart. the Picts from North Britain settled Ulster
chiefly that part called Dalaradia, the counties
princes and chiefs, mixed intermarriages with the old Milesian tribes the race Ir, called Irians, Clanna Rory. The vene rable Bede states that the Picts came Ireland from Scythia and Pinkerton, and others are similar opinion, that they were Goths Scandinavians, Scythian origin, and that their language was dialect the Teutonic. The Picts also, according our Irish annalists, their progress Ireland, settled colony Gaul, the country called from them Pictavia, the province Poitou, and from them are descended the Wendeans France.
the Romans.
The Menapians, whom account has been given the notes Ormond and Desies, are placed Ptolemy's Map An cient Ireland Ware, under the name Menapii, inhabitants
the second century the territories now forming the counties Waterford and Wexford. These Menapians, according Cam
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Niall Oge, presumptive prince Owen went solicit the friendship
tained such great power and popularity, that
sumed the Purple, and declared himself Roman emperor Britain, and having defeated the forces the emperor Maximian several naval engagements, Maximian was compelled acknowledge him
his associate the empire, and there are still extant several coins Carausius, Roman emperor Britain. After reign about ten years, Carausius, whose power became obnoxious the Roman emperors, was slain through their influence by Alectus, who becamechief commander Britain.
REIGN OF HENRY V. 219
UGH O'Fla
that Torlogh, and entered into amicable ar rangements with him, after which Owen mustered very great force march into Tyrone, and
being joined Bryan MacMahon, lord Orgiall (Monaghan), and Thomas Mac Guire, lord Fermanagh, they assembled one place meet Torlogh (O’Donnell), and they then proceeded
nagan, prior of into Tyrone, plundered the entire the country, Lisgoole (Fer and expelled O'Neill disgrace from Tyrone;
managh), died. John Mac Cormac, bish
op of Raphoe, died.
A great con
test arose be and they spoiled the entire
tween O’Neill, gal) from Ath-na-ngall, far Ballyshannon, that Donal, including hay, corn, and dwellings, and burned the son of Hen Murbhach, the fortress O’Donnell, during the
Tyrone; O'Donnell,
the son Murtogh, and his men returned their homes.
Ancient history of Leinster. —Our old annalists state that the Milesians having attempted land Inver Slaney, the Haven Wexford, the Tuath De Danans assembled their forces and prevented them but after the Danans were conquered, Heremon,
the first Milesian monarch Ireland, bestowed the kingdom Leinster Criomthan Sciathbel, Firbolg prince, reward
for the assistance given the Milesians by the Firbolg against the Danans. Heremon erected fortress, royal residence, Airgiod Ros, called also Rath Beathaidh, on the banks the
A. D. 288, as
The Gaulish colony Leinster. —As already shewn the river Feoir, Ossory, now the Nore, the county Kilkenny; preceding part this article, Irish prince named Labhra and died Rath Beathaidh, and was buried there;
Loingseach, the third century before the Christian era, being banished into Gaul, came from thence Ireland, with force
this place still known Rathbeagh, and situated within five miles Kilkenny. The Milesians the race Heremon after wards ruled kings Leinster, and many princes the Here
two thousand two hundred Gaulish auxiliaries, and landed the
bay now called Wexford. This place, stated Charles monians Leinster also becamemonarchs Ireland. Sedna,
O'Conor's Dissertations, was called Loch Garman, name which was afterwards applied the whole the territory now form ing the county Wexford, from this colony, who settled there, and were called Garmans, having come from the northern parts Germany, adjoining Gaul, and are considered by O'Conor
the race Heremon, was king Leinster about five centuries be fore the Christian era, and said have founded royal city Rath Mine, supposed Rathmines, near Dublin. Ugaine Mor, Hugony the Great, celebrated monarch Ireland, about three centuries before the Christian era, was of the Here monians Leinster, and from his posterity sprung the chief fami lies that province. Labhra Loingseach, already mentioned the former part this article, and Fergus Fortamhuil, Fergus the Strong, called from his exceeding great strength body,
and the grandson Fergus, called Criomthan Cosgrach, Crim than the Victorious, who styled champion the Heremonians
Leinster, were all monarchs Ireland, the third and second centuries before the Christian era. short time before the
Christian era, Eochaidh Feidhlioch, monarch Ireland, the race Heremon, dividing Ireland into five provinces, appointed
have been the same people the Menapians.
The Caucians-A tribe colony called Cauci, are placed
Ptolemy's Map Ireland, the territories now forming the
counties Wicklow and Kildare, and considered Ware and others have been colony Belgians Germans, the same the Chauci Northern Germany.
The Danish colonies Leinster. —The Danes being, the ninth, tenth, and eleventh centuries, possession Dublin, and
various parts Wexford and Wicklow, many the inhabitants of those counties are of Danish descent.
The Anglo-Saxon colony Weaford. —The English soldiers prince his own race, named Rossa Ruadh, Ross the Red,
who came over with Strongbow, Hervey
others, the reign Henry II. , allies
rogh, king Leinster, got possession
and Bargie, where their descendants remain this day, un
king Leinster; this Ross was married Magach, princess
the Firbolg race, by whom he had son, called Cairbre Nia fear, Carbre the Warrior, who became king Leinster; and
stated that the Firbolg Belgians had extensive tracts land under him tenants, but that he exacted such ercessive rents from them that they were forced give up their farms and remove into Connaught, where they obtained lands from
mixed with the natives, and speak their ancient language, lect the Anglo-Saxon, which specimens are given lancy, and Fraser's Survey Wexford.
dia Val
Monte Marisco and Dermod Mac Mur the baronies Forth
they then made excursions among the English beyond the Bann, and plundered the son O’Neill
Claneboy, the Glynes (in Antrim).
Bryan O'Conor marched very great force
the men North Connaught, with many the
English, the request and
invitation O’Neill, Tir Hugh (in Done
Aimhreidh,
and Owen, son after which Bryan, the son Donal (O'Conor),
time that O’Donnell was with his forces
Tyrone,
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220 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1419.
Hugh Buidhe O’Rourke, who was lord of Bres Teige O'Rourke was elected his successor by the ney for the space of one year and a half, died, and O’Rourkes from Slieve-an-Iarain westward, while
Oilioll and Meva, then king and queen of that province. This wards monarch Ireland, the second century; died Cairbre Niafear was married to Feidhlimia, daughter of Concovar 177, and divided his great possessions amongst his thirty sons.
Mac Neasa, the celebrated king of Ulster. Finn, the poet, ano His will, very curious and interesting document,
ther son of Ross the Red, became progenitor of the kings of O'Halloran and other historians from the Book
Leinster; and his descendants, Cu-corb, or the hero of the chariot; Mogh-corb, or the chief of the chariot, and Nia-corb, or the
warrior of the chariot, were all kings of Leinster in the first century ; and Messincorb, or the courageous chief of the chariot,
a prince of the same race, whose descendants were called Dal
Messincorb, founded the powerful family of Messincorbians, wheh
produced several eminent men, mentioned by O'Flaherty and Wicklow and Dublin,and dominion over the Gaileangas Galenians, others, and had a large territory in the now county of Wexford;
and Messincorb had a grandson called Garcon, whose descendants
possessed an extensive territory along the coast, in the present
counties of Wexford and Wicklow, called Hy-Garchon; and this and 50 rings pure gold; his third son, Breasal, left seven district is remarkable in ancient history, as connected with the ships, four-horsed chariots, shields embossed with gold and mission of Palladius, and of St. Patrick, in Ireland, whose pro silver, and golden-hilted swords, together with the lands the gress was opposed by Nathi, a Pagan prince of Hy-Garchon, of banks the river Amergin, and dominion over the inhabitants—(the
which an account may be seen in Lanigan's Ecclesiastical His river Amergin supposed
tory. low); his fourth son, Cetach,
The Leinster Tributes. —In the second century, Eochy Ain left his backgammon-tables;
the Avonmore, Ovoca, Wick left lands; his son Oilioll Crimthan he left 50 playing-balls
cheann, king of Leinster, was married to a daughter of Tuathal
Teachtmar, the celebrated monarch of Ireland, and having caused
the death of his queen, and of her sister, by his cruel treatment,
the indignant monarch, Tuathal, invaded Leinster, and brought Wexford, also large vessels made red yew, 50 drinking
Eochy under subjection, and levied on the province an eraic or
fine, to be paid every second year to the succeeding monarchs of
Ireland, consisting of three thousand cows, three thousand sheep,
three thousand hogs, three thousand copper cauldrons, three
thousand inantles, and three thousand ounces of silver. This fine
was called Boroimhe Laighean, signifying the tribute of Lein calves coupled pairs, with brazen yokes, 100 shields, 100 swords, ster, and is mentioned by various writers, under the name of the
Boromean, or Boarian tribute, as the word Boroimhe signifies a tribute of cattle. This tribute was seldom paid voluntarily, but enforced by the monarchs, at the head of powerful armies, and
in its exaction were fought many of the bloodiest battles recorded
in Irish history. It was continued during the reigns of forty 100 shields, 100 swords, 100 spears, and spotted standards. As monarchs, for a period of more than five hundred years, namely, the golden ornaments, swords, shields, &c. mentioned this from the second to nearly the eighth century, when it was abo will, appears that such articles were great abundance Ire
lished through the influence of St. Moling, bishop of Ferns, A. D. 675, in the reign of Fionachta, monarch of Ireland, though an attempt at its recovery was made, A. D. 722, by Feargal, a succeeding monarch.
land the early ages, sufficiently demonstrated the fact,
that various parts the country have been found, bogs, ram parts, and ancient fortresses, golden crowns, worn ancient kings and queens, torques, golden collars, golden gorgets and brace lets, crescents, large hollow golden balls, fibulae, breast-pins brooches, golden-hilted swords, golden goblets, and variety other ornaments, the uses which are unknown the present
The Tribute of Eidirsceol. -A short time before the Christian
era, Eidirsceol, of the race of the Clama Deaga of Munster, a
branch of the Heremonians of Ulster, was monarch of Ireland,
and having been killed by the people of Leinster, Conaire Mor, day; some these articles were from half pound two pounds or Conary the Great, his son, who succeeded as monarch of Ire weight, and many them are still seen museumsand private land, levied as a punishment for the death of his father, on the pro collections, but vast quantities these interesting antiquities have
vince of Leinster, a tribute called Eiric-wi-Eidirsceoil, or the been barbarously sold goldsmiths, and melted down, though such Fine of Edirsceol, to be paid annually every 1st of November, valuable specimens ancient art should most carefully preserved.
and consisting of 300 cows, 300 steeds, 300 gold-handled swords, and 300 purple cloaks. This tribute was sometimes paid to the monarchs of Ireland, and sometimes to the kings of Munster, and
levying led many fierce battles for long period.
The Tribute Brian Boru. -In the wars Brian Boru,
The Cahirians, posterity Cahir More, formed the principal families Leinster. From his son, Rossa Failge, were descended the O'Conors Failge, called O'Conors Faily, princes Hy Failge,
Offaley, which comprised great part the King's county, with part the Queen's county and Kildare; the O’Dempseys, lords
the tenth century, the Danes were assisted the people Lein Clan Maliere; the O'Dunns; the O'Regans, Mac Colgans, O'Har
tys, and some other chiefs the King's and Queen's counties, and Kildare. From Fiacha Baiceada, his youngest son, were descended the Mac Murroughs, kings Leinster; the O'Cavenaghs, O'Byrnes, O'Tooles, O'Murphy's, O'Mulrians O'Ryans, the
ster, but Brian having reduced both subjection, levied
punishment the Lagenians yearly tribute, the same the
old fine Edirsceol, consisting 300 cows, with brass yokes,
300 steeds, 300 gold-hilted swords, and 300 purple coloured cloaks,
independent the annual tribute received from Leinster O'Kinsellaghs, O'Duffys, O'Dowlings, O'Cormacs, O'Muldoons,
monarch Ireland, which consisted 300 bullocks, 300 hogs, and 300 loads iron; and from the people Ossory beeves,
hogs, and loads iron: and compelled the Danes
and other chiefs, Wexford, Wicklow, Carlow, and other parts Leinster. From Daire Barrach, another son Cahir More, were descended the O'Gormans, O'Mullens, O'Mooneys, &c. The other chief families Leinster the Heremonians, descended from the same stock the ancestors Cahir More, were the Mac Gillpa
Limerick deliver him yearly 365 pipes 150 pipes wine on the Danes Dublin.
red wine, and levied
there also copy the Book Ballymote.
and favourite son, Rossa Failge, Rossa the Rings, be queathed the sovereignty the kingdom Leinster, together with
swords and shields, ornamented with gold and silver, and golden cups; his second son, Daire Barach, bequeathed the ter ritory Tuath Laighean, considered part the counties
who were descendants the Firholg, and also left him 150 spears, 50 shields, and 50 swords, all exquisite workmanship, and orna mented with gold and silver, together with military standards,
100 red javelins, saffrom-coloured cloaks, with 100 gold pins for cloaks, 100 horses different colours, 50 chariots, 50 trumpets, standards, 100 costly goblets, 100 chess and backgammon ta bles, 50 large vats made yew, and copper cauldrons; and the
prince Leis (or Leix, the Queen's county), left 100 cows,
The Will of Cahir More. —Cathaoir More, Cahir the Great tricks, Fitzpatricks, princes Ossory; the O'Dwyers, chiefs the Hereinonians Leinster, was king Leinster, and after Tipperary; the O'Nolans, chiefs Carlow; the O’Brenans, chiefs
given Leacan, and To his eldest
brass, with brass inaces, backgammon-tables, and two chess boards, all beautiful workmanship his youngest son, Fiacha Baiceada, he left the territory Lough Garman, now the county
cups methers, and piebald steeds, with bridles and brass bits; his nephew, Tuathal Tigeach, gave chariots, with horses and harness, together with 30 shields and swords, orna mented with gold and silver, pair backgammon-tables, and chess-boards; Moghcorb 100 black and white cows, with their
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REIGN OF HENRY V. 221
Art, son of Teige, the son of Ualgarg (O'Rourke), Iarain eastward, by the O’Reillys, the people of was chosen in opposition to him, from Slieve-an Tulloghonoho (Mac Tiarnans), and the tribe
in Kilkenny, &c. Of the Irian race, or Clanna Rory of Ulster, strength, seeing them advance, made a prodigious effort, and hav
some powerful families were settled in Leinster, as the O'Moores, ing broken his chain, set upon the assassins, most of whom he princes of Leix in the Queen's county; the O'Lawlors, &c. An slew, and made his escape; having fled to North Britain, he after
account of all the above-named chiefs and clans, and others of Leinster, will be given in the course of this article, and in subse quent notes.
The monarch Tuathal, in the second century, having conquered and beheaded Eochy Aincheann, king of Leinster, of whom an ac count has been given above, appointed as king of that province his brother Eric, a prince of Damnonian or Firbolg descent.
Battle of Maistean. -In the time of the monarch Con of the Hundred Battles, in the second century, Eochy, son of Eric, the Damnonian king of Leinster, according to O'Flaherty, having re fused to pay the Leinster tribute, Con marched a powerful army to enforce its payment, but was defeatedin a great battle at Maistean, now the Rath of Mullaghmast in Kildare, in which several thousands were slain, and Eochy, king of Leinster, led his victorious forces to the palace of Tara, of which he held posses sion for four years.
wards followed the monarch Niall, who had made a military expe dition into Gaul, and watching an opportunity, he discharged a
poisoned arrow at the king, and slew him while reclining unawares on the banks of the Loire, and thus fell the celebrated monarch Niall of the Hostages. The great pillar-stone to which Eochy was
chained remains to this day, as stated by Keating and others, a short distance south of Tullyophelim, or Tullow, on the west side
of the river Slaney, in the county of Carlow, and is called Cloch an-Phoill, signifying the stone with the hole. According to the
ancient Irish MS. called the Book of Leinster, which is contained in the Books of Leacan and Ballymote, these perforated stones were originally erected for the purpose of punishing criminals, who
were bound to them by chains. There are several of these perfo rated pillar-stones, called hole-stones, still remaining in various parts of Ireland, amongst others, one at Doagh, in the county of Antrim, another in the church-yard of Castledermot, in Kildare, and one near the church of Kilmelchedar, in Kerry.
Battle of Cnucha. -Con of the Hundred Battles having ap pointed Criomthan, the sonof Niacorb, as king of Leinster, Criom
Battle of Athadara. -A. D. 457, Laoghaire, monarch of Ireland, than endeavoured to exclude from power the posterity of Ca son of Niall of the Hostages, having invaded Leinster with a
hir More. At this time Cumhal, a celebrated chief, and father of the renowned Fenian hero Fionn Mac Cumhail, was commander of the Leinster warriors named Clanna Baoisgne, who were so called from Baoisgne, the grandfather of Cumhal, and having formed the project of dethroning the monarch Con, and restoring the race of Cahir More, he assembled his forces, and in conjunc tion with the Heberians of Munster, headed by their heroic king Eogan More, he marched to oppose Con. The monarch Con hav ing collected all his forces, the two powerful armies, about A. D. 190, fought a terrific battle at Cnucha, in Moy Liffey, according to the Book of Ballyinote, in which many thousands were slain on both sides, but the victory was at length won by the troops of the monarch Con, chiefly through the valour of the celebrated warrior Goll, the son of Morna, a champion of Damnonian or Firbolg. descent, who commanded the Connaught forces, and slew the heroic Cumhal in single combat. This battle was fought, as above stated, at Magh Liffe, or the Plain of the Liffey, at a place called Cnucha or Knock, which signifies a hill, and is considered to be the place
now called Castleknock, near Dublin.
Battle of Cnamhrois-About A. D. 290, Cairbre Liffeachair,
or Carbry of the Liffey, so called from having been brought up near that river, monarch of Ireland, in order to enforce the Leinster
tribute, invaded that province, but his forces were defeated by the Lagenians, in a great battle fought at Cnamhrois in Leinster,
in which nine thousand of the monarch's troops, together with three of his sons, were slain.
Eana Cinsealach, a warlike prince, a descendant of Cahir More, became king of Leinster about the middle of the fourth century; and it is stated that he and his allies, the Munster troops, under their king, Lughaidh Lamhdearg, of the race of the Dalcassians, defeated in fifteen great battles the forces of Eochy Muighmeo don, monarch of Ireland, who had repeatedly invaded Leinster, attempting to recover the Boarian tribute; and in one of thesebat tles the monarch Eochy was slain. Eochy, son of Eana Cimsealach, is said to have been the first Christian king of Leinster, in the be ginning of the fifth century. This prince, being very valiant and ambitious, aspired to the monarchy of Ireland, and even fixed his residence for a short time at the royal palace of Tara, in opposition to Niall of the Nine Hostages, who was then monarch of Ireland, but being reprimanded by the Arch-Druid of Tara for his unwar rantable conduct in attempting to usurp the throne, he relinquished his pretensions and retired from Tara. Eochy having afterwards slain the son of Laidghan, who was the favourite Druid of Niall, the monarch invaded Leinster, and defeated the forces of the pro vince, and having demanded Eochy to be delivered into his hands, he caused him to be chained to a great stone, and the Druid whose son he had slain being resolved to put him to death, sent nine sol diers for that purpose 5 but Eochy, who was a man of immense
powerful army to levy the Boarian tribute, was defeated by the Leinster forces under Criomthan, king of Leinster, son of Eana
Cinsealach, in a great battle at Atha Dara, or the Ford of the Oaks, either on the river Barrow, or Liffey, in the county of Kildare, in
which many thousands of the troops of Laoghaire were slain, and he himself taken prisoner, but he was liberated on solemnly swearing by the Sun, Moon, and Wind, which were the three chief deities of the Druids, that he would never again attempt to recover the Lein ster tribute; it is however recorded, that Laoghaire having violated his oaths, was, as a punishment for his perjury, struck dead by lightning, A. D. 462, at a place called Greallach Dabhuill, near the river Liffey. A. D. 476, Fraoch, king of Leinster, was slain in a great battle fought at Granard, in the present county of Longford, of which an account is given in the Annals of the Four Masters; at Granard is a large moat, the sepulchral mound of some ancient king or warrior.