Durior
improprise
est Catachresis abusio vocis.
Latin - Casserly - Complete System of Latin Prosody
Clara Deum Soboles, magnum Jo vis | increjmentum.
8. Cum gravius dorso subijit onus. | Incipit ille.
9. Pro molli viola pro purpure|o narjeisso.
10. Fluviorum rex Eridanus, camposque per omnes.
11. Ter sunt cona[ti im|ponere | Pelio Ossam.
12. Glauco, | et Panojpeae et | Ino|o Melijcertae.
13. lnsulae | Ionijo in mag|no, quas dira Celaeno.
14. Et spu|mas miscent arjgenti, | vivaque | sulphura --
Idaeasque pices.
15. Sed fortuna valens audacem fecerat | Orphea.
16. Bis patriae cecidere manus. Quin protinus | omnia.
17. Stant et | junipe[ri & | castanejae hirjsutas.
1. Que long by Caesura, see p. 73.
2. In the fifth foot o is not elided. See under Synalsepha, p. 76.
3. In this verse three elisions.
4. O is not elided. See under Synalaepha.
5. The e in the 2d vale not elided but shortened. See under Synalrepha.
6. Either to be read refce by Syncope of i; or thej elided, and then reice
contracted into reice by Synseresis, p. 74.
7. This is a Spondaic Hexahneter.
8. it onus-- it long by Caesura.
9. A Spondaic Hexameter.
10. Fluviorum to be read as iffiuvjorwn, or taken as an Anapaest.
11. In two vowels of this line Synalaepha not employed.
12. Do. and a diphthong shortened.
13. In the first foot a diphthong not elided but shortened.
14. A at the end is elided by the vowel at the commencement of the next line.
15: Pronounce the last word Orpha by Crasis, p. 75.
16. Omnia made two syllables.
17. This line a Spondaic, and has two vowels unelided by Synalaephe.
* To be read "ater-HN* exiliumP
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-26 11:55 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc2. ark:/13960/t6m041t73 Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? APPENDIX,
CONTAINING
STIRLING'S RHETORIC;
IN
LATIN AND ENGLISH.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-26 11:55 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc2. ark:/13960/t6m041t73 Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ARS RHETORICA.
Tropi proprii Quatuor.
Dat propriae similem, translata Metaphora vocem, 1
Atque Metonymia imponit nova nornina rebus. 2
Confundit totum cum parte Synecdoche saepe. 3
EXEMPLA.
1. Fluctuat cestu (i'. e. excessu), irarum. Aspirant (i.
e. favent) cceptis. 2. Inventor pro Invento ; ut Mars (i.
e. bellum) saevit. Author pro Operibus ; ut, lego Hora-
tium, (i. e. ejus scripta. ) Instrumentum pro Causa ; ut,
lingua (i. e. eloquentia) tuetur ilium. Materia pro Facto;
ut, ferrum, (i. e. gladius) vicit. EfFectus^ro Causa; ut,
frigida mors, (i. e. quae facit frigidos. ) Continens pro
Contento ; ut, vescor dapibus, (i, e. cibis. ) Adjunctum
pro Subjecto; ut, fasces, (i. e. magistratus). 3. Decern
cestates, (i. e. annos) vixi sub hoc tecto, (i. e. domo. )
Nunc annus, (i. e. ver) est formosissimus.
DERIVATIONES.
1. a iLtsjacpiQc*), transfero. 2. a /usjovo/ndto), transnomino.
3. a avvexdixofiat, comprehendo.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-26 11:55 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc2. ark:/13960/t6m041t73 Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? THE
ART OF RHETORIC.
The four proper Tropes.
A Metaphor, in place of proper words, 1
Resemblance puts ; and dress to speech affords.
A Metonymy does new names impose, 2
And Things for things by near relation shows.
Synecdoche the Whole for Part does take, 3
Or Part for Whole ; just for the metre's sake.
EXAMPLES.
1. He boils with a Tide (i. e. Excess) of Passion. They
breathe on (i. e. favour) my Enterprises. 2. The In-
ventor is taken for the Invented ; as, Mars (i. e. War)
rages. The Author for his Works ; as, I read Horace, (i.
e. his Writings. ) The Instrument for the Cause ; as, his
Tongue (i. e. Eloquence) defends him. The matter for
the Thing made ; as, the Steel (i. e. Sword) conquers.
The effect for the Cause ; as, cold Death, (i. e. Death
that makes cold. ) The subject containing for the Thing
contained ; I feed on dainties, (i. e. on food. ) The ad-
junct for the subject ; as, the Mace (i. e. Magistrate)
comes. 3. Ten Summers (i. e. Years) I have lived
under this Roof, (i. e. House. ) Now the Year (i. e.
Spring) is the most beautiful.
TERMS ENGLISHED.
1. Translation. 2. Changing of Names. 3. Com-
prehension.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-26 11:55 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc2. ark:/13960/t6m041t73 Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? 122 ARS RHET0R1CA.
Contra quam sentit solet Ironia jocari. 4
AfTectiones Troporum.
Durior improprise est Catachresis abusio vocis. 5
Extenuans, augensve, excedit Hyperbole verum. 6
Voce Tropos plures nectit Metalepsis in una. 7
Continuare Tropos Allegoria adsolet usque. 8
Tropi falsd habiti.
Antonomasia imponit Cognomina ssepe. 9
EXEMPLA.
4. Berth factum, (i. e. male factum. ) 5. Vir gregis,
(i. e. dux gregis. ) Minatur, (i. e. promittit) pulchra.
6. Currit odor Euro, (i. e. citissime. ) 7. Euphrates, (i. e.
Mesopotamia, i. e. ejus incolse), movet bellum. 8. Venus,
(i. e. amor) friget sine Cerere, (i. e. pane) & Baccho, (i.
e. vino. ) 9. Hie adest Irus, (i. e. pauper. ) Macides, (i.
e. Achilles) vicit. Pcenus, (i. e. Hannibal) tulit victoriam.
Cytherea, (i. e. Venus, Dea insula? Cytherse. ) Philoso-
phus, (i. e. Aristoteles) asserit. Poeta, (i. e. Virgilius)
canit iEneam.
DERIVATIONES.
4. ab eiqoiVEvo^iai. dissimulo. 5. a xara^do/ua*, abu-
tor. 6. ab inEQS&llw, supero. 7. a fiETotlafifitivw, parti-
cipo. 8. ab uXlyyogiw, aliud dico. 9. ab fori, pro, &
6v ofi&r oj, nomino.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-26 11:55 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc2. ark:/13960/t6m041t73 Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ART OF RHETORIC. 123
And Irony, dissembling- with an air, 4
Thinks otherwise than what the words declare.
Affections of Tropes.
A Catachresis words too far doth strain : 5
Rather from such abuse of speech refrain.
Hyperbole soars too high or creeps too low : 6
Exceeds the truth, things wonderful to show.
By Metalepsis, in one word combined, 7
More Tropes than one you easily may find.
An Allegory tropes continues still, 8
Which with new graces every sentence fill.
/
Tropes improperly accounted so.
Antonomasia proper names imparts 9
From kindred, country, epithets, or arts.
EXAMPLES.
4. Fairly done, (i. e. scandalously done. ) Good Boy,
(i. e. Bad Boy. ) ' 5. The Man, (i. e. Chief) of the Flock.
He threatens, (i. e. promises) a favour. 6. He runs
swifter than the wind, (i. e. very swiftly. ) 7. Euphrates,
(i. e. Mesopotamia, i. e. its Inhabitants) moves War. 8.
Venus grows cold without Ceres and Bacchus, i. e. (Love
grows cold without Bread and Wine. ) 9. There goes
Irus, (i. e. a poor Man. ) Macides (i. e. Achilles) con-
quered. The Carthaginian, (i. e. Hannibal) won the
Field. Cytherea, (i. e. Venus worshipped in the Island
so called. ) The Philosopher, (i. e. Aristotle) asserted so.
The Poet , (i. e. Virgil) sings of JEneas.
TERMS ENGLISHED.
4. Dissimulation. 5. Abuse. 6. Excess. 7. Partici-
pation. 8. Speaking otherwise. 9. For a name.
12
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-26 11:55 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc2. ark:/13960/t6m041t73 Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? 124 ARS RH"ETORICA.
Si plus quam dicis signes, Litotes vocabis. 10
A sonitu voces Onomatopoeia flngit. 11
Antiphrasis voces tibi per contraria signat. 12
Dat Ckarientismus pro duris mollia verba. 13
Asteismus jocus urbanus, seu scomma facetum est. 14
Est inimica viri Biasyrmus abusio vivi. 15
Insultans hosti illudit Sarcasmus amare. 16
Si quid proverbi fertur Parosmia dicta est. 17
EXEMPLA.
10. Non laudo tua munera nee sperno, (i. e. vitupero
ea tamen accipio). 11. Tinnitus seris ; rugitus leonum.
12. Lucus, a luceo, significat opacum nemus. 13. Ad
bona verba precor : ne sasvi, magna Sacerdos. 14. Qui
Bavium non odit, amet tua carmina Msevi : atque idem
jungat vulpes, & mulgeat hircos. 15. In strepitu can-
tas : digna sed argutos interstrepere anser olores. 16.
Satia te sanguine, Cyre. 17. Lupum auribus teneo.
DERIVATIONES.
10. a Uxbg, tenuis. 11. ab dvojuotTOTToUa, nomen facio.
12. ab dpTKpg&'Qoj, per contrarium loquor. 13. a x a Q t6V -
x^o^a/, jocor. 14. ab dgelog, urbanus. 15. a diaovgco,
convitior. 16. a rro^xd^w, irrideo. 17. a naqoifii6it,o(x(xv 9
proverbialiter loquor.
8. Cum gravius dorso subijit onus. | Incipit ille.
9. Pro molli viola pro purpure|o narjeisso.
10. Fluviorum rex Eridanus, camposque per omnes.
11. Ter sunt cona[ti im|ponere | Pelio Ossam.
12. Glauco, | et Panojpeae et | Ino|o Melijcertae.
13. lnsulae | Ionijo in mag|no, quas dira Celaeno.
14. Et spu|mas miscent arjgenti, | vivaque | sulphura --
Idaeasque pices.
15. Sed fortuna valens audacem fecerat | Orphea.
16. Bis patriae cecidere manus. Quin protinus | omnia.
17. Stant et | junipe[ri & | castanejae hirjsutas.
1. Que long by Caesura, see p. 73.
2. In the fifth foot o is not elided. See under Synalsepha, p. 76.
3. In this verse three elisions.
4. O is not elided. See under Synalaepha.
5. The e in the 2d vale not elided but shortened. See under Synalrepha.
6. Either to be read refce by Syncope of i; or thej elided, and then reice
contracted into reice by Synseresis, p. 74.
7. This is a Spondaic Hexahneter.
8. it onus-- it long by Caesura.
9. A Spondaic Hexameter.
10. Fluviorum to be read as iffiuvjorwn, or taken as an Anapaest.
11. In two vowels of this line Synalaepha not employed.
12. Do. and a diphthong shortened.
13. In the first foot a diphthong not elided but shortened.
14. A at the end is elided by the vowel at the commencement of the next line.
15: Pronounce the last word Orpha by Crasis, p. 75.
16. Omnia made two syllables.
17. This line a Spondaic, and has two vowels unelided by Synalaephe.
* To be read "ater-HN* exiliumP
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-26 11:55 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc2. ark:/13960/t6m041t73 Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? APPENDIX,
CONTAINING
STIRLING'S RHETORIC;
IN
LATIN AND ENGLISH.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-26 11:55 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc2. ark:/13960/t6m041t73 Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ARS RHETORICA.
Tropi proprii Quatuor.
Dat propriae similem, translata Metaphora vocem, 1
Atque Metonymia imponit nova nornina rebus. 2
Confundit totum cum parte Synecdoche saepe. 3
EXEMPLA.
1. Fluctuat cestu (i'. e. excessu), irarum. Aspirant (i.
e. favent) cceptis. 2. Inventor pro Invento ; ut Mars (i.
e. bellum) saevit. Author pro Operibus ; ut, lego Hora-
tium, (i. e. ejus scripta. ) Instrumentum pro Causa ; ut,
lingua (i. e. eloquentia) tuetur ilium. Materia pro Facto;
ut, ferrum, (i. e. gladius) vicit. EfFectus^ro Causa; ut,
frigida mors, (i. e. quae facit frigidos. ) Continens pro
Contento ; ut, vescor dapibus, (i, e. cibis. ) Adjunctum
pro Subjecto; ut, fasces, (i. e. magistratus). 3. Decern
cestates, (i. e. annos) vixi sub hoc tecto, (i. e. domo. )
Nunc annus, (i. e. ver) est formosissimus.
DERIVATIONES.
1. a iLtsjacpiQc*), transfero. 2. a /usjovo/ndto), transnomino.
3. a avvexdixofiat, comprehendo.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-26 11:55 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc2. ark:/13960/t6m041t73 Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? THE
ART OF RHETORIC.
The four proper Tropes.
A Metaphor, in place of proper words, 1
Resemblance puts ; and dress to speech affords.
A Metonymy does new names impose, 2
And Things for things by near relation shows.
Synecdoche the Whole for Part does take, 3
Or Part for Whole ; just for the metre's sake.
EXAMPLES.
1. He boils with a Tide (i. e. Excess) of Passion. They
breathe on (i. e. favour) my Enterprises. 2. The In-
ventor is taken for the Invented ; as, Mars (i. e. War)
rages. The Author for his Works ; as, I read Horace, (i.
e. his Writings. ) The Instrument for the Cause ; as, his
Tongue (i. e. Eloquence) defends him. The matter for
the Thing made ; as, the Steel (i. e. Sword) conquers.
The effect for the Cause ; as, cold Death, (i. e. Death
that makes cold. ) The subject containing for the Thing
contained ; I feed on dainties, (i. e. on food. ) The ad-
junct for the subject ; as, the Mace (i. e. Magistrate)
comes. 3. Ten Summers (i. e. Years) I have lived
under this Roof, (i. e. House. ) Now the Year (i. e.
Spring) is the most beautiful.
TERMS ENGLISHED.
1. Translation. 2. Changing of Names. 3. Com-
prehension.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-26 11:55 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc2. ark:/13960/t6m041t73 Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? 122 ARS RHET0R1CA.
Contra quam sentit solet Ironia jocari. 4
AfTectiones Troporum.
Durior improprise est Catachresis abusio vocis. 5
Extenuans, augensve, excedit Hyperbole verum. 6
Voce Tropos plures nectit Metalepsis in una. 7
Continuare Tropos Allegoria adsolet usque. 8
Tropi falsd habiti.
Antonomasia imponit Cognomina ssepe. 9
EXEMPLA.
4. Berth factum, (i. e. male factum. ) 5. Vir gregis,
(i. e. dux gregis. ) Minatur, (i. e. promittit) pulchra.
6. Currit odor Euro, (i. e. citissime. ) 7. Euphrates, (i. e.
Mesopotamia, i. e. ejus incolse), movet bellum. 8. Venus,
(i. e. amor) friget sine Cerere, (i. e. pane) & Baccho, (i.
e. vino. ) 9. Hie adest Irus, (i. e. pauper. ) Macides, (i.
e. Achilles) vicit. Pcenus, (i. e. Hannibal) tulit victoriam.
Cytherea, (i. e. Venus, Dea insula? Cytherse. ) Philoso-
phus, (i. e. Aristoteles) asserit. Poeta, (i. e. Virgilius)
canit iEneam.
DERIVATIONES.
4. ab eiqoiVEvo^iai. dissimulo. 5. a xara^do/ua*, abu-
tor. 6. ab inEQS&llw, supero. 7. a fiETotlafifitivw, parti-
cipo. 8. ab uXlyyogiw, aliud dico. 9. ab fori, pro, &
6v ofi&r oj, nomino.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-26 11:55 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc2. ark:/13960/t6m041t73 Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ART OF RHETORIC. 123
And Irony, dissembling- with an air, 4
Thinks otherwise than what the words declare.
Affections of Tropes.
A Catachresis words too far doth strain : 5
Rather from such abuse of speech refrain.
Hyperbole soars too high or creeps too low : 6
Exceeds the truth, things wonderful to show.
By Metalepsis, in one word combined, 7
More Tropes than one you easily may find.
An Allegory tropes continues still, 8
Which with new graces every sentence fill.
/
Tropes improperly accounted so.
Antonomasia proper names imparts 9
From kindred, country, epithets, or arts.
EXAMPLES.
4. Fairly done, (i. e. scandalously done. ) Good Boy,
(i. e. Bad Boy. ) ' 5. The Man, (i. e. Chief) of the Flock.
He threatens, (i. e. promises) a favour. 6. He runs
swifter than the wind, (i. e. very swiftly. ) 7. Euphrates,
(i. e. Mesopotamia, i. e. its Inhabitants) moves War. 8.
Venus grows cold without Ceres and Bacchus, i. e. (Love
grows cold without Bread and Wine. ) 9. There goes
Irus, (i. e. a poor Man. ) Macides (i. e. Achilles) con-
quered. The Carthaginian, (i. e. Hannibal) won the
Field. Cytherea, (i. e. Venus worshipped in the Island
so called. ) The Philosopher, (i. e. Aristotle) asserted so.
The Poet , (i. e. Virgil) sings of JEneas.
TERMS ENGLISHED.
4. Dissimulation. 5. Abuse. 6. Excess. 7. Partici-
pation. 8. Speaking otherwise. 9. For a name.
12
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-26 11:55 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc2. ark:/13960/t6m041t73 Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? 124 ARS RH"ETORICA.
Si plus quam dicis signes, Litotes vocabis. 10
A sonitu voces Onomatopoeia flngit. 11
Antiphrasis voces tibi per contraria signat. 12
Dat Ckarientismus pro duris mollia verba. 13
Asteismus jocus urbanus, seu scomma facetum est. 14
Est inimica viri Biasyrmus abusio vivi. 15
Insultans hosti illudit Sarcasmus amare. 16
Si quid proverbi fertur Parosmia dicta est. 17
EXEMPLA.
10. Non laudo tua munera nee sperno, (i. e. vitupero
ea tamen accipio). 11. Tinnitus seris ; rugitus leonum.
12. Lucus, a luceo, significat opacum nemus. 13. Ad
bona verba precor : ne sasvi, magna Sacerdos. 14. Qui
Bavium non odit, amet tua carmina Msevi : atque idem
jungat vulpes, & mulgeat hircos. 15. In strepitu can-
tas : digna sed argutos interstrepere anser olores. 16.
Satia te sanguine, Cyre. 17. Lupum auribus teneo.
DERIVATIONES.
10. a Uxbg, tenuis. 11. ab dvojuotTOTToUa, nomen facio.
12. ab dpTKpg&'Qoj, per contrarium loquor. 13. a x a Q t6V -
x^o^a/, jocor. 14. ab dgelog, urbanus. 15. a diaovgco,
convitior. 16. a rro^xd^w, irrideo. 17. a naqoifii6it,o(x(xv 9
proverbialiter loquor.
