“The wurke (says the original publisher) was begun,
“and part of it prynted in Queene Maries tyme, but “hyndred by the Lorde Chauncellor that then was: “nevertheles, through the meanes of my Lord Staf.
“and part of it prynted in Queene Maries tyme, but “hyndred by the Lorde Chauncellor that then was: “nevertheles, through the meanes of my Lord Staf.
Dodsley - Select Collection of Old Plays - v1
” - Ten Commandments seem have been cant terms for the nails
thy nose, whiche every man seth wolde
And ten
And twentie tymes ten, this wyshe That thou haddest been hanged
For thou goest about wyll thou knowe
Fet soules, &c. , Spenser, and Shakspeare.
ten yere olde: slave;
make me
am gentleman knave.
fetch'd. The word used Tusser,
See also Note 73 Gammer Gurton's Needle, vol. II. accomber] overcome. See Note God's Promises, 21.
the hands.
See also Mr. Steevens's Note the above passage. *gentleman] gentle, edit. 1569.
on
in
of a by
he of so
of
of
So*I *I *As 21% all yf
in ten
on of x
S. 3,
I to
is
I all ye
so
* on
of
i, fle a or
a atI
p. by v at
is *
;
ii
all in
as
o:
by yeof
yf
yf on all of
S. i. I of to to e. toin ofI
:
THE Four P's. 97
And here is an other shall take my parte.
Pardoner. Nay fyrste Ibeshrew your knave's herte, Or I take parte in your knavery:
I wyll speak fair, by our” lady.
Syr, I beseeche your mashyp to be
the hotest, and thre
the wysest, and thre the chastest, and thre
the lowest, and thre the farthest, and thre the fayrest, and thre
the foulest, and thre
the coldest, the shrewdest,
the lewdest” the hyest,
*
As good as ye can
Pedler. I wolde be glade to do you good;
And hym also, be he never so wood”. But dout you not I wyll now do
The thynge my consciens ledeth me Both your tales take farre unpossyble, Yet take his farther incredyble.
Not only the thynge itselfe alloweth
But also the boldenes therof avoweth it.
knowe nat where your tale trye; Nor yours, but hell purgatorye.
But hys boldnes hath faced lye,
That may tryed evyn thys companye.
lyste take thys order, Amonge the women thys border,
Take thre the yongest, and thre the oldest,
Thre
Thre Thre
Thre
Thre
Thre
eche thre, two justly nomber
Shall founde shrewes, excepte thys fall,
That hap fynde them shrewes all. Hymselfe for trouth this doth knowe, And oft hath tryed some thys rowe; And yet swereth his consciens,
He never saw woman breke patiens.
** our] one, 1st edit.
** can] you may, edit. 1569,
wood] mad, furious. See Note 98, *” Addition the second edition.
WOLs re
Thre
And when all these threes be had asonder
be unto me.
the nyest, the maddest, the saddest,
h
in
of
be
* ye
Of
As yf ye
I
yebe he
ofof of of ofof of
I
I
by all of
in in
to
to
by
or in
ofofofofofof of
a
to
of
it,
to.
98 THE FouR P's.
Wherfore consydered with true entente, Hys lye to be so evident,
And to appere so evydently,
That both you affyrmed it a ly;
And that my consciens so depely,
So depe hath sought thys thynge to try, And tryed it with mynde indyfferent; Thus I awarde by way of judgement:
Of the lies have spent, His lye most excellent.
Palmer. Syr, though were bounde
2.
equyte
never knewe
Nor never wyll truste pedlynge knave more. What doest thou there, thou horson nody?
Poticary. By the masse, lerne make curtesy, Curtesy before, and curtesy behynde hym,
And then eche syde, the devyll blynde hym. Nay, when ye” have perfytly,
Ye shall have the devyll and curtesy: But natsone lerned, gentle” brother,
me,
Yet thanke you your payne,
To have done
And wyll requyte some parte agayne. Pardoner. Mary, syr, can les do,
cometh to: Now vengeaunce thy knave's hearte,
But thanke hym asmuche
And wyll for my parte.
One knave make curtesy Yet when am angry, that
shall call my master knave
another. the worste,
the fyrste.
pedler judge before,
Palmer. Then wolde some may ster perhappes clowt €,
Then have suche besynesse aboute ye.
lever] rather, edit. 1569.
But as
me nede not doute ye; For had lever without ye,
yel
1st edit.
*gentle] Addition the second edition.
**I; I,
II
Ito in be
on
I do
to ye be
*ye
at is to
a
ye all
it is
a
so
dodo I as
all
all of
as it
it on of
to ye
to
a
ye no
of
Poticary.
To compell them to kepe theyr bonde; And syns ye lyste nat to wayte on me, I clerely of waytinge do dyscharge ye.
THE Four P's.
99
So helpe me god, so were ye better; What shulde a begger be a jetter”?
It were no whyt your honestie, To have us twain jet after ye.
Pardoner. Syr, be you sure he telleth you true, Yf we shulde wayt thys wolde ensew :
It wolde be sayd, truste me at a worde, Two knaves made” curtesy to the thyrde.
Pedler. Now, by my trouth, to speke my mynde,
Syns they be so loth to be assyned”. To let them lose I thynke it beste.
And so shall ye lyve the better” in rest. Palmer. Syr, I am nat on them so fonde,
Pardoner. Poticary.
*Marry, syr,
I hertely thanke you.
And I, likewise
to God I vow. Pedler. Now be ye all evyn as ye begoon;
No man hath loste, nor no man hath woon. Yet in the debate wherewith ye began,
By waye of advyce I wyll speke as I can.
Idoo perceyve that pylgrymage
Is chyefe” the thynge ye have in usage;
Wherto in effect, for the love of Chryst, Ye have, or shulde have been entyst: And who so doth with suche intent,
Do*th well declare hys tyme well spent.
a jetter]
So, i. e. one who struts or agitates his body in a pompous
manner. in Shakespeare's Twelfth Night,
* “How he jets under his advanced plumes. ” S. See also Note 23 to Edward II. vol. II.
* made] make,
nity
edit. 1569.
assyned] 1
to each other. So, in Othello,
believe we should read affin'd, i. e. joined by affi
“If partially affin'd or leagued in office. ” S.
*It probably means assigned to the Palmer to wait on him, which
was part of the agreement before the contention began.
better] beste,
1st edit.
*And likewise I, I
&c. ] First edition reads,
God a vowe.
And Ilykewyse, *chyefel cheefest, edit. 1569.
make 4
100
THE Four P's.
And so do ye in yo*ur pretence,
If ye procure thus indulgence Unto your neyghbours charytably,
For love of them in god onely.
All “ ryght well applyed thys may be
To shew you both well occupyed:
For though ye walke nat bothe one waye, Yet walkynge thus, thys dare I saye, end; That bothe your walkes come to one”
And so for that pretende
By ayde goddes grace ensewe Any maner kynde vertue; gyve: As some, great almyse for lyve:
Some, wyllfull povertie
lyke” warkes, Some, make hye wayes and suche clarkes, -
And some, mayntaine prestes and
To synge and praye for soule departed:
These, with all other vertues well marked, Although they sondry kyndes,
Yet they nat used with sondry myndes. But god only doth those move,
So every man onely for his love,
With love and dred obedeintly Worketh these vertues unyformly.
Thus every vertue we lyste scan, pleasaunt god and thankfull man.
And who that grace the Holy Goste
To any one vertue moved moste, That man that grace that one apply,
And therin serve god moste plentyfully”, Yet nat that one farre wyde wreste, So lykynge the same myslyke the reste. For who wresteth his worke vayne;
And even that case Lykynge your vertue That eche other's vertue
227 thus] this, edit. 1569.
229 one] on, edit. 1569.
plentyfully] plenteously, edit. 1569.
perceyve you twayne,
suche wyse,
doo dyspyse. w
*shew) shewell, 1stedit. like] other, 1st edit.
281
Is
as be
**
is to in
to
in so
so
by
in
to in to
of all
is
yf
of to
do
to by
be of
in I to
ye toto
of
all
to
-
Poticary. * For fere lest suche parels” to me myght fall,
THE Fou R P's. 101
Who walketh thys way for god wolde fynde hym,
The farther they seke hym, the farther behynde hym: One kynde of vertue to dyspyse another,
Is lyke as the syster myght hange the brother.
I thanke god I use no vertue at all.
Pedler. That is of the very worste waye;
For more harde have harde saye, begynne vertue where none pretended,
Then where
begonne th' abuse
mended.
pardons and relyques leudly.
Poticary. that thinke my faute nat great;
How
One syne
thys,
be” nat all
begynne,
vertue suppose
are entred did saye true
sayd
that
the whiche wordes dare well reporte,
use vertue.
thys sorte, By your raylynge here openly
You are well beloved
For all that he hath
knowe counterfete.
other that knowe fayned,
nor constrayned any suche case,
Pedler. For his, and You not* counceled any suche thynge
To give any reverence
any suche place. But where dout, the truthe nat knowynge,
elevynge the beste, good may
growynge, the leste;
judgynge the beste,
judging the worste,
But beste these thynges
judgement upon ye;
But the churche doth judge take them,
make” receyve
the beste. semeth me,
And
But may
Forfere
meant pareilles, Fr.
only corruption
parels myght fall. ) Perhaps parels
forsake them. you sure cannat erre,
frutfull folower.
suche
things similar, parels. perils.
may 1st edit.
perils. * See notes 205 and 206.
nother,
be] are, edit. 1569. make] take, edit, 1569.
not]
harme good
***be * So To InIn To
At InInAs To
i. e. a
doas so ye
be
be yeI ofit,
C.
in
S. to or
nono in at at be
in
all
of
no
bebe in lest a no
ye
yeit
ye isit
ofi.
e. or
In
II Iyeye is,
Or
it by
beis
or
is :
.
ye
me it soallto
as all I
to
ye
to be
102 THE FouR P's.
Policary, Go ye before and as I am true man, I wyll folow as fast as I can.
Pardoner. And so wyll I, for he hath sayd so well, Reason wolde we shulde folowe hys counsell.
Palmer. Then, to our reason, god gyve us his grace,
That we may solowe with fayth so fermely
Hys commaundements, that we may purchace
Hys love, and so consequentl
To byleve hys churche, faste and faythfully ;
So that we may, accordynge to his promyse.
Be kepte out of errour in any wyse.
And that hath scapet” here neglygence,
We clerely revoke and forsake
To passe the tyme thys without offence,
Was the cause why the maker dyd make
And we humbly beseche you take Besechynge our lorde prosper you all,
the fayth his churche universall. scapel] escapte, edit. 1569.
In
of
*
in
to
so
all
to
by
it, it;
us it;
103
EDITIONS.
(1) “The playe called the foure PP. A newe and “a very mery enterlude of A Palmer, A Pardoner, A
“Potycary, A Pedler. Made by John Heewood. “Imprynted at London in Fletestrete, at the sygne of “the George, by Wyllyam Myddylton. ”
This Edition must have been printed at least as early as the year 1547, at which time William Middleton either died or retired from business. See Ames's
Typographical Antiquities, p. 218, 258.
(2) “The Play called the Foure P. A very mery “Enterlude of A Palmer, A Pardoner, A Poticary, A
“Pedler. Imprinted at London, at the long Shop “adjoyning unto S. Mildreds Churche in the Pultrie, “by John Allde, Anno Domini 1569, Septembris 14. ”
Both these Editions are in the Collection of Mr. Garrick.
FERREX AND PORREX.
THOMAS SA cKv11. L. E. , Lord Buckhurst, was related to
Queen Elizabeth by her mother Ann Boleyn. He was born in 1536, * and educated at Hart-Hall, in the
University of Oxford; from whence he went to Cam bridge, and afterwards to the Temple. In his younger days he travelled into France and Italy; and at the early period of his life only he was, as Mr. Spence' ob serves, what perhaps persons his birth ought
poet. His father, dying 1566, left him large
fortune, the greatest part which magnificent manner living, but
came better economist. He served
soon spent
the end be parliament both
the reign Queen Mary and Elizabeth. 1567, was created Baron Buckhurst; 1571, was sent
ambassador Charles IX, king France; and
1587, the States was made one
the United Provinces. 1588, the Knights the Garter;
the University Oxford; and
1591, Chancellor
1598, Lord High Treasurer England.
He was con 1603 ad
tinued that office King James, who
vanced him the dignity Earl
died suddenly the council board, 1608,f
the apoplexy
He
Mr. his birth Theatrum
Chalmers (Biogr. Dict. xxvii. 16, fixes the date
1527, while Sir Brydges, his new edit. the Poetarum, 66, says with Mr. Reed that this event did
not happen until 1536.
Some account Lord Buckhurst and his Writings, prefixed
the edition Gorboduc printed 1786.
He had been for some time, and his life was despaired nine months before he died, on the 19th April, 1608.
His funeral Sermon was preached Dr. Abbot, Dean Winchester, May 26th, 1608. was printed soon afterwards
and the following curious papers are extracted from
“Her Majesty not long before her death, being pleased
seemeth with some special piece service which his Lordship had done unto her grew large discourse touching this nobleman,
honourable person and counsellor estate, writing hath advertised me. Her highness was then pleased decypher out
Dorset.
as an
# tto'. *of
he hein to
his be, a
a to
all
of
by
in in
of in
of
on at
of ill of
to
of
of
It
in
E.
of
of of in
toin it. C.
of
as
it of of
of
afit inin in by to
C.
by of
in A.
in by
t atto
of of of
of of
in
he in
in
of of In In a
a
brought upon him some who hated him his love
108
He was the Author of
(1) The Introduction to the Mirror for Magistrates,
first published by William Baldwin in 4to. 1550; again, with the second part in 4to, 1563; re-published with additions in 1575; and a fourth time further
augmented and published by Richard Nicols in 1610.
“The wurke (says the original publisher) was begun,
“and part of it prynted in Queene Maries tyme, but “hyndred by the Lorde Chauncellor that then was: “nevertheles, through the meanes of my Lord Staf. “ford, the fyrst parte was licenced and imprynted the
his life by seven steps or degrees. The first was his younger days, the time of his scholarship when first in that famous Uni versity of Oxford, aud afterward in the Temple (where he took the degree of Barrister) he gave tokens of such pregnancy, such studi ousness and judgment that he was held no way inferior to any of his time or standing. And of this there remain good tokens, both
in English and Latin published unto the world. ”
In the margin opposite the latter words is this note. “ The
Life of Tresilian in the Mirror of Magistr. Epist. prefia. Aulic Barth Clerke,” from whence it seems that the Reverend Dean was not so
well informed regarding the English writings of Lord Dorset, as
the events of his life. He then proceeds:– “The second was travel, when being France and Italy profited very much
the languages, matter story and state. "And being prisoner Rome for the space fourteen days, (which trouble was
religion and his duty his sovereign) prudently bare himself that the blessing God, and his temperate kind carriage, was
freed out that danger. The third step which her Majesty think good observe was (upon return England) his coming unto her Court, where divers occasions bountifully feasted her Highness and her nobles; and did foreign ambassadors.
At that time entertained musicians, the most curious which any where could have, and therein his lordship excelled unto his dying day. Then was his discourse judicious, but yet witty and delightful. Thus was his younger days scholar and
traveller and courtier special estimation. ” public
. . The Sermon then notices some events life, and particularly the present ring
Lord Dorset's
with diamonds,
Lord Hay when Lord Dorset was sick, the beginning June, 1607, and was not ex
which king James sent him the hand
pected recover. quotes passage from his will, which
bequeathed this valued gift son, and afterwards nephew.
C.
to
he
toa
in by
to of Ithe byin
in
of
his of
a
he
in hishe
to
to
he did
of
of
seta of
a
he
to
in
toof on
of of
he of so so
a
in his
in
he
by
in
he for
| 09
“fyrst yeare of the raygne of thvs our most noble and
“vertuous Queene. Since whych time, although I
“have bene called to an other trade of lyfe, yet my
“good Lorde Stafforde hath not ceased to call upon
“me to publish so much as I had gotten at other
“mens hands, so that through his Lordshippe's earnest
“meanes I have now also set furth an other parte con “teyning as little of myne owne, as the fyrst part
“doth of other mens. ” In this second part Lord Buckhurst's Induction first appeared. The cause of writing it was as follows: “After that he (Lord “Buckhurst) understode that some of the counsayle “would not suffer the booke to be printed in suche “order as we had agreed and determined, he purposed
“with himselfe to have gotten at my handes the “tragedies that were before the duke Buckingham's,
“which would have preserved “from that time backward even
“the Conqueror, determined
“fect all the story himselfe
“(following Bocchas) had already used; and there “fore make meete induction into the matter, “he devised this poesye. ” We are informed, that this design was laid aside the Author's being called
more serious expence the great state affairs his most royal Lady and Sovereign. The Induc
tion, 1759, was re-printed Mr. Capel, his Prolusions.
Those praises which were bestowed the poetry Lord Buckhurst his contemporaries are not as
The best judges have the criticks the time,
and even gone beyond them
Mr. Warton, speaking the The Mirror for Magis
trates, says(Observations Spenser, vol. 109. ): “There one Poem indeed among the rest which ex
cribed his rank fortune. ratified the sentence passed
“hibits groupe “fully drawn, that
“to direct, least
imaginary personages, beauti probability they contributed
stimulate, Spenser's imagination
one volume; and the time of William
continue and per
such order Lydgate
their commendations.
a is at
to in to
he
toin of
by a or
he
all
on
of
so
of
to
as
all
in by in by
on II.
in
of
p.
be
in of
of to a
on
in
to to
Il0
“in the construction of the like representations. Thus “much may be truly said, that Sackville's INDuction
“approaches nearer to the FAIRY QUEEN, in the “richness of allegoric description, than any previous
“ or succeeding poem. ”
(2) The Complaynt of Henrye, duke of Bucking
ham, in the Mirror for Magistrates.
(3. ) A Latin Letter to Dr. Bartholomew Clerke, pre fixed to his Translation of Balthazar Castilio, De
Curiali sive Aulico, first printed at London about 1571. -
(4. ) Verses prefixed to Hobby's Translation of Cas tilio's Courtier, 4to. 1577, in commendation of the Work.
(5. ) Letters in the Cabala, and one to the Earl of Sussex, in Howard's Collection, p. 297.
Thomas Norton, who joined with Lord Buckhurst in writing this play,” was, according to Wood * who
gives him the title of a forward and busy calvinist, a native resident at, Sharpenhaule, otherwise Sharpenhoe, the county Bedford. He lived some time the Temple, became barrister” law,t and solicitor for the city London”. He translated some
the Psalms Sternhold and Hopkins's Version, and was the author and translator several polemical
only the titles what are considered the spurious copies this play that stated that Norton wrote the three first, and Sackville the two last acts. Mr. Warton doubts whether
Norton had any means great share Athenae Oxonienses, 77.
Ibid.
the books the Stationers’ Company are entries fees paid Thomas Norton, and hence has been concluded that he was Counsel that Body. Here we find also the latest memorial
him entry between 1583 and 1584, and either that after tha—t date was not employed, that
ugly
Depriv'd him his office and his breath. ” C.
Marbury's Book Monarchy, quoted Oldys,
supposed
his MS.
Notes
Langbaine.
death
on
in an to
It ofis
in
of,
* of#3* to In
*
of
of of
in
as
ita aof
by
or
in of it.
“he
so it
is in
by of
on
in or
of is of
it C. at
of
111
and political Works,t which are enumerated in Wood's Athenae Oxonienses”. §
# Thomas Norton’s “Address to the Queene's Majesties poor
deceavey'd subjectes,” is noticed at length in Censura Literaria X. 97. O. G.
* P. 77. p. I55.
§ The portrait of Norton, or at least a figure intended for him,
is preserved in a small work of six folio pages, and containing five plates, called “Descriptiones quedam illius inhumana et multiplicis
persecutionis quam in Anglia proptis fidem sustinent . Catholice Chris tiani. ” The third plate is entitled Tormenta in carceribus inflicta, and here is inserted the supposed likeness of Norton, who is called Nortonus archicarnifer, and is accompanied suis satellitibus. A
further account of the work may be seen in Censura Literaria VII. 72,
112
ARGUMENT OF THE TRAGEDIE.
GoR BoDuc, king of Brittaine, divided his realme in tife-time his sonnes, Ferrex and Porrex. The sonnes
fell discention. The yonger killed the elder. The mother that more dearely loved the elder, for revenge killed the yonger. The people moved with the crueltie
the fact, rose rebellion, and slew both father and mother. The Nobilitie assembled, and most terribly destroyed the Rebels, and afterwards for want issue
the Prince, whereby the succession the Crowne became uncertaine, they fell Civil Warre, which both they and many their issues were slain, and
land for long time almost desolate and miserably wasted.
a
to
to
the
his
to
of
of
in of
of in
of
II3
THE P [printer] TO THE READER.
WHERE this Tragedie was for furniture of part of the grand Christmasse in the Inner-Temple, first written about nine yeares agoe by the right honourable Thomas,
now Lorde Buckherst, and by T. Norton, and after shewed before her majestie, and never intended by the Authors thereof to be published: yet one W. G. getting a copie thereof at some yong man's hand that lacked a little money, and much discretion in the last great plage an. 1565, about 5 yeares past, while the said lord was out of England, and T. Norton farre out of London, and neither of them both made privie, put it forth excedingly corrupted: even as if by meanes of a broker for hire he should have entised into his house a faire maide and done her villanie, and after bescratched her face, torne her apparell, berayed and disfigured her, and then thrust her out dores dis honested. such plight after long wandring, she came
length home knew her but
the sight her frendes, who scant
few tokens and markes remayning. meane, though they were very
They, the authors
much displeased that she ranne abroad without leave, whereby she caught her shame many wantons do; yet seeing the case remedilesse have for com mon honestie and shamefastnesse new apparelled, trimmed, and attired her such forme she was before. In which better forme since she hath come me,
have harbored her for her frendes sake and her owne; and not dout her parentes, the authors, will not now discontent that she goe abroad among
you good readers, honest companie. For
my encouragement and others somewhat lesse her, because was
she
ashamed the dishonestie done
fraude and force. she
welcome among you, the house from
and gently enterteined WOL. I.
favor
If in
it
be in is, in
I
it
all to
by
I
at
be
it
of
is
by of
I In bedo byto
so asIa
to aas of
to
as
of
114
whence she is descended, and of her owne nature courteously disposed to offend no man, her frendes will thanke you for not, but that she shall still reproched with her former missehap, quarelled
envious persons, she, poore gentlewoman, will surely
play Lucreces part, and herself die for shame, and shall wishe that she had taried still home with me, where she was welcome; for she did never put me more charge but this one poore blacke gowne lined with white, that have now geven her goe abroad
among you withall.
I
If
to
at
or
of
be to I at
by
it.
NAMES OF THE SPEAKERS.
GoRBoDUc, king of Great Brittain,
VIDENA, queene and wife to king Gorboduc. FER REx, elder sonne to king Gorboduc.
Po R REx, yonger sonne to king Gorboduc.
CLoxton, duke of Cornewall. FERG Us, duke of Albanye. MAN DUD, duke of Loegris.
Gw EN ARD, duke of Cumberland. EUBULUs, secretarie to the king.
ARostus, a counsellor to the king.
DoRDAN, a counsellor assigned by the king to his eldest sonne Ferrer.
PHILANDER, a counsellor assigned by the king to his
yongest son Porrer.
[Both being of the olde kinges counsel before. HERMon, a parasite remaining with Ferrer.
TYN DAR, a parasite remaining with Porrer.
NUNTIUs, a messenger of the eldest brother's death. NUNTI Us, a messenger of duke Fergus rising in arms.
MARCELLA, a lady of the queenes privie-chamber. CHORUs, toure auncient and sage men of Brittaine.
The Order of the Domme Shew before the first Act and the Signification therof.
First, the musicke of violenze began to play, during which came in upon the stage size wilde men, clothed in leaves. Of whom the first bare on his necke a
fagot of small stickes, which they both severallye and together assayed with all their strengthes breake,
but could not broken them. At the length one them plucked out one the sticks, and brake
and the rest plucking out all the other stickes one after another, did easely breake the same being vered, which being enjoyned, they had before attempted
vaine. After they had this done, they departed the stage, and the musick ceased. Hereby was signified, that state knit unitie doth continue strong against all force, but being divided, easily destroyed; befel upon duke Gorboduc dividing his lande his two sonnes, which before held monarchie, and upon
the discention the brethren whom was divided,
of he
in
be
is to in
of by
it
to
as
to
a
in of it
it se :
all
FERREX AND PORREX".
ACTUS PRIMUS. SCENA PRIMA. *
VIDEN A. FERR Ex.
Widena. THE silent night that bringes the quiet pawse, From painefull travailes of the wearie day,
Prolonges my carefull thoughtes, and makes me blame The slowe Aurora, that so for love or shame
Doth long delay to shewe her blushing face;
* This play we are told by the printer of the second Edition was first acted at the Inner-Temple, and afterwards before Queen Eli
zabeth. Its first appearance was at a grand Christmas celebrated with unusual magnificence, as may be seen by the description of it in Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales, p. 150. It is here printed from the second Edition; the third, of 1590, from which it was published
in 1736, by Mr. Spence and by Mr. Dodsley, in this collection be fore, appearing to be only a republication of the first imperfect copy
complained of by the Authors as published in their absence without
their knowledge or consent. The testimony of Sir Philip Sidney
concerning this play is as follows: “Gorboduc is full of stately “speeches and well-sounding phrases, climbing to the height of
“Seneca his style, and as full of notable morality: which it doth “most delightfully teach, and thereby obtain the very end of
“poetry. ” And Mr. Pope was of opinion, “That the writers of “the succeeding age might have improved as much in other respects
“by copying from him a propriety in the sentiments, an unaffected “perspicuity of style, and in an easy flow in the numbers; in a “word, that chastity, correctness, and gravity of style, which are “so essential to tragedy, and which the tragic poets who fol “lowed, not excepting Shakespeare himself, either little under “stood, perpetually neglected. ”
The edition this tragedy 1590, said reprint the spurious copy first published. As the variations, verbal and otherwise, are generally curious and sometimes useful, they are
noted the bottom the page, and this purpose careful comparison has been made.
at
or
of of
C.
of
for
all is
-
to
a a
-
of
*
be
118 FER REx AND POR REX.
[ACT s.
And now the day renewes my griefull plaint. Ferrer. My gracious lady, and my mother deare,
Pardon my griefe for your so grieved minde
To aske what cause tormenteth so your hart. Widena. So great a wrong and so unjust despite,
Without cause against course kinde—
Ferrer. Such causelesse wrong and unjust des pite, -
May have redresse, or, the least, revenge.
Widena. Neither my sonne: such the froward will. The person such, such my misehappe and thine,
Ferrer. Mine know none, but grief for your dis tresse.
Videna. Yes, mine for thine, my sonne. no
kinde father, not kindliness".
Ferrer. My father why, know nothing Wherin have misdone unto his grace.
Videna. Therfore, the more unkinde mee:
For knowing well (my sonne) the tender love That have ever borne, and beare thee, He greved thereat, not content alone,
To spoile thee my sight, my chiefest joye,
father?
all, thee and
kinde father, not kindliness] Kind nature. Hamlet has almost the same sentiment,
little more than kin, and less than Kind.
several other places this play the same word sense occurs. Again, Julius Caesar, A.
the like
“But you would consider the true cause,
“Why birds and beastes from quality and kind, “Why these thinges change from their ordinance,
“Their natures, and presumed faculties
“To monstrous quality 29 Titus Andromicus, A.
“The forest walks are wide and spacious, “And many unfrequented plots there are
“Fitted kind for rape and villainy. ”
Antony and Cleopatra,
“you, that the worm will For these instances
James's Chronicle, Nov. Hamlet, A.
“You must think this, look
his kind. ”
am indebted writer the Saint
1774. - See, also Mr. Steevens's Note
1.
5,I 2. in is
,
1. ifa
S. all
2. by of
- on
to a
l. is to S.
is
of
A. S. do5. 1.
in of
?
S. 2.
at
In 7In A
In I
3.
in in atA
so
to
I
a-
all
I
in
I
all
sc. I. ]
FER REX AND POR. R. Ex. 119
But thee, of thy birth-right and heritage,
Causelesse, unkindly and in wrongfull wise,
Against lawe and right will bereave: Halfe his kingdome will geve away.
Ferrer. To whom?
Widena. Even Porrex his yonger sonne, Whose growing pride sore suspect,
That being raised equall rule with thee,
Mee thinkes see his envious hart
swell,
Filled with disdaine and with ambicious hope.
The end the goddes know, whose altars Full oft have made vaine of cattel slaine
To send the sacred smoke heaven's throne, For thee my sonne, thinges succede,
now my jelous minde misdemeth sore.
-
Ferrer. Madam, leave care and carefull plaint for me:
Just hath my father bene every wight, His first unjustice will not extend
To me, trust, that geve cause therof.
My brother's pride shall hurt himselfe, not me.
Videna. So graunt the Goddes: but yet thy father Hath firmely fixed his unmoved minde
That plaintes and prayers can whit availe,
(For those have assaid) but even this day
He will endevour procure assent
Of all his counsell his fonde devise.
Ferrer. Their ancestors from race race have borne True fayth my forefathers; and their seede,
trust they eke will beare the like me.
Widena. There resteth all; but they faile thereof,
And the end bring forth successe, On them and theirs the mischiefe shall befall.
thy nose, whiche every man seth wolde
And ten
And twentie tymes ten, this wyshe That thou haddest been hanged
For thou goest about wyll thou knowe
Fet soules, &c. , Spenser, and Shakspeare.
ten yere olde: slave;
make me
am gentleman knave.
fetch'd. The word used Tusser,
See also Note 73 Gammer Gurton's Needle, vol. II. accomber] overcome. See Note God's Promises, 21.
the hands.
See also Mr. Steevens's Note the above passage. *gentleman] gentle, edit. 1569.
on
in
of a by
he of so
of
of
So*I *I *As 21% all yf
in ten
on of x
S. 3,
I to
is
I all ye
so
* on
of
i, fle a or
a atI
p. by v at
is *
;
ii
all in
as
o:
by yeof
yf
yf on all of
S. i. I of to to e. toin ofI
:
THE Four P's. 97
And here is an other shall take my parte.
Pardoner. Nay fyrste Ibeshrew your knave's herte, Or I take parte in your knavery:
I wyll speak fair, by our” lady.
Syr, I beseeche your mashyp to be
the hotest, and thre
the wysest, and thre the chastest, and thre
the lowest, and thre the farthest, and thre the fayrest, and thre
the foulest, and thre
the coldest, the shrewdest,
the lewdest” the hyest,
*
As good as ye can
Pedler. I wolde be glade to do you good;
And hym also, be he never so wood”. But dout you not I wyll now do
The thynge my consciens ledeth me Both your tales take farre unpossyble, Yet take his farther incredyble.
Not only the thynge itselfe alloweth
But also the boldenes therof avoweth it.
knowe nat where your tale trye; Nor yours, but hell purgatorye.
But hys boldnes hath faced lye,
That may tryed evyn thys companye.
lyste take thys order, Amonge the women thys border,
Take thre the yongest, and thre the oldest,
Thre
Thre Thre
Thre
Thre
Thre
eche thre, two justly nomber
Shall founde shrewes, excepte thys fall,
That hap fynde them shrewes all. Hymselfe for trouth this doth knowe, And oft hath tryed some thys rowe; And yet swereth his consciens,
He never saw woman breke patiens.
** our] one, 1st edit.
** can] you may, edit. 1569,
wood] mad, furious. See Note 98, *” Addition the second edition.
WOLs re
Thre
And when all these threes be had asonder
be unto me.
the nyest, the maddest, the saddest,
h
in
of
be
* ye
Of
As yf ye
I
yebe he
ofof of of ofof of
I
I
by all of
in in
to
to
by
or in
ofofofofofof of
a
to
of
it,
to.
98 THE FouR P's.
Wherfore consydered with true entente, Hys lye to be so evident,
And to appere so evydently,
That both you affyrmed it a ly;
And that my consciens so depely,
So depe hath sought thys thynge to try, And tryed it with mynde indyfferent; Thus I awarde by way of judgement:
Of the lies have spent, His lye most excellent.
Palmer. Syr, though were bounde
2.
equyte
never knewe
Nor never wyll truste pedlynge knave more. What doest thou there, thou horson nody?
Poticary. By the masse, lerne make curtesy, Curtesy before, and curtesy behynde hym,
And then eche syde, the devyll blynde hym. Nay, when ye” have perfytly,
Ye shall have the devyll and curtesy: But natsone lerned, gentle” brother,
me,
Yet thanke you your payne,
To have done
And wyll requyte some parte agayne. Pardoner. Mary, syr, can les do,
cometh to: Now vengeaunce thy knave's hearte,
But thanke hym asmuche
And wyll for my parte.
One knave make curtesy Yet when am angry, that
shall call my master knave
another. the worste,
the fyrste.
pedler judge before,
Palmer. Then wolde some may ster perhappes clowt €,
Then have suche besynesse aboute ye.
lever] rather, edit. 1569.
But as
me nede not doute ye; For had lever without ye,
yel
1st edit.
*gentle] Addition the second edition.
**I; I,
II
Ito in be
on
I do
to ye be
*ye
at is to
a
ye all
it is
a
so
dodo I as
all
all of
as it
it on of
to ye
to
a
ye no
of
Poticary.
To compell them to kepe theyr bonde; And syns ye lyste nat to wayte on me, I clerely of waytinge do dyscharge ye.
THE Four P's.
99
So helpe me god, so were ye better; What shulde a begger be a jetter”?
It were no whyt your honestie, To have us twain jet after ye.
Pardoner. Syr, be you sure he telleth you true, Yf we shulde wayt thys wolde ensew :
It wolde be sayd, truste me at a worde, Two knaves made” curtesy to the thyrde.
Pedler. Now, by my trouth, to speke my mynde,
Syns they be so loth to be assyned”. To let them lose I thynke it beste.
And so shall ye lyve the better” in rest. Palmer. Syr, I am nat on them so fonde,
Pardoner. Poticary.
*Marry, syr,
I hertely thanke you.
And I, likewise
to God I vow. Pedler. Now be ye all evyn as ye begoon;
No man hath loste, nor no man hath woon. Yet in the debate wherewith ye began,
By waye of advyce I wyll speke as I can.
Idoo perceyve that pylgrymage
Is chyefe” the thynge ye have in usage;
Wherto in effect, for the love of Chryst, Ye have, or shulde have been entyst: And who so doth with suche intent,
Do*th well declare hys tyme well spent.
a jetter]
So, i. e. one who struts or agitates his body in a pompous
manner. in Shakespeare's Twelfth Night,
* “How he jets under his advanced plumes. ” S. See also Note 23 to Edward II. vol. II.
* made] make,
nity
edit. 1569.
assyned] 1
to each other. So, in Othello,
believe we should read affin'd, i. e. joined by affi
“If partially affin'd or leagued in office. ” S.
*It probably means assigned to the Palmer to wait on him, which
was part of the agreement before the contention began.
better] beste,
1st edit.
*And likewise I, I
&c. ] First edition reads,
God a vowe.
And Ilykewyse, *chyefel cheefest, edit. 1569.
make 4
100
THE Four P's.
And so do ye in yo*ur pretence,
If ye procure thus indulgence Unto your neyghbours charytably,
For love of them in god onely.
All “ ryght well applyed thys may be
To shew you both well occupyed:
For though ye walke nat bothe one waye, Yet walkynge thus, thys dare I saye, end; That bothe your walkes come to one”
And so for that pretende
By ayde goddes grace ensewe Any maner kynde vertue; gyve: As some, great almyse for lyve:
Some, wyllfull povertie
lyke” warkes, Some, make hye wayes and suche clarkes, -
And some, mayntaine prestes and
To synge and praye for soule departed:
These, with all other vertues well marked, Although they sondry kyndes,
Yet they nat used with sondry myndes. But god only doth those move,
So every man onely for his love,
With love and dred obedeintly Worketh these vertues unyformly.
Thus every vertue we lyste scan, pleasaunt god and thankfull man.
And who that grace the Holy Goste
To any one vertue moved moste, That man that grace that one apply,
And therin serve god moste plentyfully”, Yet nat that one farre wyde wreste, So lykynge the same myslyke the reste. For who wresteth his worke vayne;
And even that case Lykynge your vertue That eche other's vertue
227 thus] this, edit. 1569.
229 one] on, edit. 1569.
plentyfully] plenteously, edit. 1569.
perceyve you twayne,
suche wyse,
doo dyspyse. w
*shew) shewell, 1stedit. like] other, 1st edit.
281
Is
as be
**
is to in
to
in so
so
by
in
to in to
of all
is
yf
of to
do
to by
be of
in I to
ye toto
of
all
to
-
Poticary. * For fere lest suche parels” to me myght fall,
THE Fou R P's. 101
Who walketh thys way for god wolde fynde hym,
The farther they seke hym, the farther behynde hym: One kynde of vertue to dyspyse another,
Is lyke as the syster myght hange the brother.
I thanke god I use no vertue at all.
Pedler. That is of the very worste waye;
For more harde have harde saye, begynne vertue where none pretended,
Then where
begonne th' abuse
mended.
pardons and relyques leudly.
Poticary. that thinke my faute nat great;
How
One syne
thys,
be” nat all
begynne,
vertue suppose
are entred did saye true
sayd
that
the whiche wordes dare well reporte,
use vertue.
thys sorte, By your raylynge here openly
You are well beloved
For all that he hath
knowe counterfete.
other that knowe fayned,
nor constrayned any suche case,
Pedler. For his, and You not* counceled any suche thynge
To give any reverence
any suche place. But where dout, the truthe nat knowynge,
elevynge the beste, good may
growynge, the leste;
judgynge the beste,
judging the worste,
But beste these thynges
judgement upon ye;
But the churche doth judge take them,
make” receyve
the beste. semeth me,
And
But may
Forfere
meant pareilles, Fr.
only corruption
parels myght fall. ) Perhaps parels
forsake them. you sure cannat erre,
frutfull folower.
suche
things similar, parels. perils.
may 1st edit.
perils. * See notes 205 and 206.
nother,
be] are, edit. 1569. make] take, edit, 1569.
not]
harme good
***be * So To InIn To
At InInAs To
i. e. a
doas so ye
be
be yeI ofit,
C.
in
S. to or
nono in at at be
in
all
of
no
bebe in lest a no
ye
yeit
ye isit
ofi.
e. or
In
II Iyeye is,
Or
it by
beis
or
is :
.
ye
me it soallto
as all I
to
ye
to be
102 THE FouR P's.
Policary, Go ye before and as I am true man, I wyll folow as fast as I can.
Pardoner. And so wyll I, for he hath sayd so well, Reason wolde we shulde folowe hys counsell.
Palmer. Then, to our reason, god gyve us his grace,
That we may solowe with fayth so fermely
Hys commaundements, that we may purchace
Hys love, and so consequentl
To byleve hys churche, faste and faythfully ;
So that we may, accordynge to his promyse.
Be kepte out of errour in any wyse.
And that hath scapet” here neglygence,
We clerely revoke and forsake
To passe the tyme thys without offence,
Was the cause why the maker dyd make
And we humbly beseche you take Besechynge our lorde prosper you all,
the fayth his churche universall. scapel] escapte, edit. 1569.
In
of
*
in
to
so
all
to
by
it, it;
us it;
103
EDITIONS.
(1) “The playe called the foure PP. A newe and “a very mery enterlude of A Palmer, A Pardoner, A
“Potycary, A Pedler. Made by John Heewood. “Imprynted at London in Fletestrete, at the sygne of “the George, by Wyllyam Myddylton. ”
This Edition must have been printed at least as early as the year 1547, at which time William Middleton either died or retired from business. See Ames's
Typographical Antiquities, p. 218, 258.
(2) “The Play called the Foure P. A very mery “Enterlude of A Palmer, A Pardoner, A Poticary, A
“Pedler. Imprinted at London, at the long Shop “adjoyning unto S. Mildreds Churche in the Pultrie, “by John Allde, Anno Domini 1569, Septembris 14. ”
Both these Editions are in the Collection of Mr. Garrick.
FERREX AND PORREX.
THOMAS SA cKv11. L. E. , Lord Buckhurst, was related to
Queen Elizabeth by her mother Ann Boleyn. He was born in 1536, * and educated at Hart-Hall, in the
University of Oxford; from whence he went to Cam bridge, and afterwards to the Temple. In his younger days he travelled into France and Italy; and at the early period of his life only he was, as Mr. Spence' ob serves, what perhaps persons his birth ought
poet. His father, dying 1566, left him large
fortune, the greatest part which magnificent manner living, but
came better economist. He served
soon spent
the end be parliament both
the reign Queen Mary and Elizabeth. 1567, was created Baron Buckhurst; 1571, was sent
ambassador Charles IX, king France; and
1587, the States was made one
the United Provinces. 1588, the Knights the Garter;
the University Oxford; and
1591, Chancellor
1598, Lord High Treasurer England.
He was con 1603 ad
tinued that office King James, who
vanced him the dignity Earl
died suddenly the council board, 1608,f
the apoplexy
He
Mr. his birth Theatrum
Chalmers (Biogr. Dict. xxvii. 16, fixes the date
1527, while Sir Brydges, his new edit. the Poetarum, 66, says with Mr. Reed that this event did
not happen until 1536.
Some account Lord Buckhurst and his Writings, prefixed
the edition Gorboduc printed 1786.
He had been for some time, and his life was despaired nine months before he died, on the 19th April, 1608.
His funeral Sermon was preached Dr. Abbot, Dean Winchester, May 26th, 1608. was printed soon afterwards
and the following curious papers are extracted from
“Her Majesty not long before her death, being pleased
seemeth with some special piece service which his Lordship had done unto her grew large discourse touching this nobleman,
honourable person and counsellor estate, writing hath advertised me. Her highness was then pleased decypher out
Dorset.
as an
# tto'. *of
he hein to
his be, a
a to
all
of
by
in in
of in
of
on at
of ill of
to
of
of
It
in
E.
of
of of in
toin it. C.
of
as
it of of
of
afit inin in by to
C.
by of
in A.
in by
t atto
of of of
of of
in
he in
in
of of In In a
a
brought upon him some who hated him his love
108
He was the Author of
(1) The Introduction to the Mirror for Magistrates,
first published by William Baldwin in 4to. 1550; again, with the second part in 4to, 1563; re-published with additions in 1575; and a fourth time further
augmented and published by Richard Nicols in 1610.
“The wurke (says the original publisher) was begun,
“and part of it prynted in Queene Maries tyme, but “hyndred by the Lorde Chauncellor that then was: “nevertheles, through the meanes of my Lord Staf. “ford, the fyrst parte was licenced and imprynted the
his life by seven steps or degrees. The first was his younger days, the time of his scholarship when first in that famous Uni versity of Oxford, aud afterward in the Temple (where he took the degree of Barrister) he gave tokens of such pregnancy, such studi ousness and judgment that he was held no way inferior to any of his time or standing. And of this there remain good tokens, both
in English and Latin published unto the world. ”
In the margin opposite the latter words is this note. “ The
Life of Tresilian in the Mirror of Magistr. Epist. prefia. Aulic Barth Clerke,” from whence it seems that the Reverend Dean was not so
well informed regarding the English writings of Lord Dorset, as
the events of his life. He then proceeds:– “The second was travel, when being France and Italy profited very much
the languages, matter story and state. "And being prisoner Rome for the space fourteen days, (which trouble was
religion and his duty his sovereign) prudently bare himself that the blessing God, and his temperate kind carriage, was
freed out that danger. The third step which her Majesty think good observe was (upon return England) his coming unto her Court, where divers occasions bountifully feasted her Highness and her nobles; and did foreign ambassadors.
At that time entertained musicians, the most curious which any where could have, and therein his lordship excelled unto his dying day. Then was his discourse judicious, but yet witty and delightful. Thus was his younger days scholar and
traveller and courtier special estimation. ” public
. . The Sermon then notices some events life, and particularly the present ring
Lord Dorset's
with diamonds,
Lord Hay when Lord Dorset was sick, the beginning June, 1607, and was not ex
which king James sent him the hand
pected recover. quotes passage from his will, which
bequeathed this valued gift son, and afterwards nephew.
C.
to
he
toa
in by
to of Ithe byin
in
of
his of
a
he
in hishe
to
to
he did
of
of
seta of
a
he
to
in
toof on
of of
he of so so
a
in his
in
he
by
in
he for
| 09
“fyrst yeare of the raygne of thvs our most noble and
“vertuous Queene. Since whych time, although I
“have bene called to an other trade of lyfe, yet my
“good Lorde Stafforde hath not ceased to call upon
“me to publish so much as I had gotten at other
“mens hands, so that through his Lordshippe's earnest
“meanes I have now also set furth an other parte con “teyning as little of myne owne, as the fyrst part
“doth of other mens. ” In this second part Lord Buckhurst's Induction first appeared. The cause of writing it was as follows: “After that he (Lord “Buckhurst) understode that some of the counsayle “would not suffer the booke to be printed in suche “order as we had agreed and determined, he purposed
“with himselfe to have gotten at my handes the “tragedies that were before the duke Buckingham's,
“which would have preserved “from that time backward even
“the Conqueror, determined
“fect all the story himselfe
“(following Bocchas) had already used; and there “fore make meete induction into the matter, “he devised this poesye. ” We are informed, that this design was laid aside the Author's being called
more serious expence the great state affairs his most royal Lady and Sovereign. The Induc
tion, 1759, was re-printed Mr. Capel, his Prolusions.
Those praises which were bestowed the poetry Lord Buckhurst his contemporaries are not as
The best judges have the criticks the time,
and even gone beyond them
Mr. Warton, speaking the The Mirror for Magis
trates, says(Observations Spenser, vol. 109. ): “There one Poem indeed among the rest which ex
cribed his rank fortune. ratified the sentence passed
“hibits groupe “fully drawn, that
“to direct, least
imaginary personages, beauti probability they contributed
stimulate, Spenser's imagination
one volume; and the time of William
continue and per
such order Lydgate
their commendations.
a is at
to in to
he
toin of
by a or
he
all
on
of
so
of
to
as
all
in by in by
on II.
in
of
p.
be
in of
of to a
on
in
to to
Il0
“in the construction of the like representations. Thus “much may be truly said, that Sackville's INDuction
“approaches nearer to the FAIRY QUEEN, in the “richness of allegoric description, than any previous
“ or succeeding poem. ”
(2) The Complaynt of Henrye, duke of Bucking
ham, in the Mirror for Magistrates.
(3. ) A Latin Letter to Dr. Bartholomew Clerke, pre fixed to his Translation of Balthazar Castilio, De
Curiali sive Aulico, first printed at London about 1571. -
(4. ) Verses prefixed to Hobby's Translation of Cas tilio's Courtier, 4to. 1577, in commendation of the Work.
(5. ) Letters in the Cabala, and one to the Earl of Sussex, in Howard's Collection, p. 297.
Thomas Norton, who joined with Lord Buckhurst in writing this play,” was, according to Wood * who
gives him the title of a forward and busy calvinist, a native resident at, Sharpenhaule, otherwise Sharpenhoe, the county Bedford. He lived some time the Temple, became barrister” law,t and solicitor for the city London”. He translated some
the Psalms Sternhold and Hopkins's Version, and was the author and translator several polemical
only the titles what are considered the spurious copies this play that stated that Norton wrote the three first, and Sackville the two last acts. Mr. Warton doubts whether
Norton had any means great share Athenae Oxonienses, 77.
Ibid.
the books the Stationers’ Company are entries fees paid Thomas Norton, and hence has been concluded that he was Counsel that Body. Here we find also the latest memorial
him entry between 1583 and 1584, and either that after tha—t date was not employed, that
ugly
Depriv'd him his office and his breath. ” C.
Marbury's Book Monarchy, quoted Oldys,
supposed
his MS.
Notes
Langbaine.
death
on
in an to
It ofis
in
of,
* of#3* to In
*
of
of of
in
as
ita aof
by
or
in of it.
“he
so it
is in
by of
on
in or
of is of
it C. at
of
111
and political Works,t which are enumerated in Wood's Athenae Oxonienses”. §
# Thomas Norton’s “Address to the Queene's Majesties poor
deceavey'd subjectes,” is noticed at length in Censura Literaria X. 97. O. G.
* P. 77. p. I55.
§ The portrait of Norton, or at least a figure intended for him,
is preserved in a small work of six folio pages, and containing five plates, called “Descriptiones quedam illius inhumana et multiplicis
persecutionis quam in Anglia proptis fidem sustinent . Catholice Chris tiani. ” The third plate is entitled Tormenta in carceribus inflicta, and here is inserted the supposed likeness of Norton, who is called Nortonus archicarnifer, and is accompanied suis satellitibus. A
further account of the work may be seen in Censura Literaria VII. 72,
112
ARGUMENT OF THE TRAGEDIE.
GoR BoDuc, king of Brittaine, divided his realme in tife-time his sonnes, Ferrex and Porrex. The sonnes
fell discention. The yonger killed the elder. The mother that more dearely loved the elder, for revenge killed the yonger. The people moved with the crueltie
the fact, rose rebellion, and slew both father and mother. The Nobilitie assembled, and most terribly destroyed the Rebels, and afterwards for want issue
the Prince, whereby the succession the Crowne became uncertaine, they fell Civil Warre, which both they and many their issues were slain, and
land for long time almost desolate and miserably wasted.
a
to
to
the
his
to
of
of
in of
of in
of
II3
THE P [printer] TO THE READER.
WHERE this Tragedie was for furniture of part of the grand Christmasse in the Inner-Temple, first written about nine yeares agoe by the right honourable Thomas,
now Lorde Buckherst, and by T. Norton, and after shewed before her majestie, and never intended by the Authors thereof to be published: yet one W. G. getting a copie thereof at some yong man's hand that lacked a little money, and much discretion in the last great plage an. 1565, about 5 yeares past, while the said lord was out of England, and T. Norton farre out of London, and neither of them both made privie, put it forth excedingly corrupted: even as if by meanes of a broker for hire he should have entised into his house a faire maide and done her villanie, and after bescratched her face, torne her apparell, berayed and disfigured her, and then thrust her out dores dis honested. such plight after long wandring, she came
length home knew her but
the sight her frendes, who scant
few tokens and markes remayning. meane, though they were very
They, the authors
much displeased that she ranne abroad without leave, whereby she caught her shame many wantons do; yet seeing the case remedilesse have for com mon honestie and shamefastnesse new apparelled, trimmed, and attired her such forme she was before. In which better forme since she hath come me,
have harbored her for her frendes sake and her owne; and not dout her parentes, the authors, will not now discontent that she goe abroad among
you good readers, honest companie. For
my encouragement and others somewhat lesse her, because was
she
ashamed the dishonestie done
fraude and force. she
welcome among you, the house from
and gently enterteined WOL. I.
favor
If in
it
be in is, in
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it
all to
by
I
at
be
it
of
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so asIa
to aas of
to
as
of
114
whence she is descended, and of her owne nature courteously disposed to offend no man, her frendes will thanke you for not, but that she shall still reproched with her former missehap, quarelled
envious persons, she, poore gentlewoman, will surely
play Lucreces part, and herself die for shame, and shall wishe that she had taried still home with me, where she was welcome; for she did never put me more charge but this one poore blacke gowne lined with white, that have now geven her goe abroad
among you withall.
I
If
to
at
or
of
be to I at
by
it.
NAMES OF THE SPEAKERS.
GoRBoDUc, king of Great Brittain,
VIDENA, queene and wife to king Gorboduc. FER REx, elder sonne to king Gorboduc.
Po R REx, yonger sonne to king Gorboduc.
CLoxton, duke of Cornewall. FERG Us, duke of Albanye. MAN DUD, duke of Loegris.
Gw EN ARD, duke of Cumberland. EUBULUs, secretarie to the king.
ARostus, a counsellor to the king.
DoRDAN, a counsellor assigned by the king to his eldest sonne Ferrer.
PHILANDER, a counsellor assigned by the king to his
yongest son Porrer.
[Both being of the olde kinges counsel before. HERMon, a parasite remaining with Ferrer.
TYN DAR, a parasite remaining with Porrer.
NUNTIUs, a messenger of the eldest brother's death. NUNTI Us, a messenger of duke Fergus rising in arms.
MARCELLA, a lady of the queenes privie-chamber. CHORUs, toure auncient and sage men of Brittaine.
The Order of the Domme Shew before the first Act and the Signification therof.
First, the musicke of violenze began to play, during which came in upon the stage size wilde men, clothed in leaves. Of whom the first bare on his necke a
fagot of small stickes, which they both severallye and together assayed with all their strengthes breake,
but could not broken them. At the length one them plucked out one the sticks, and brake
and the rest plucking out all the other stickes one after another, did easely breake the same being vered, which being enjoyned, they had before attempted
vaine. After they had this done, they departed the stage, and the musick ceased. Hereby was signified, that state knit unitie doth continue strong against all force, but being divided, easily destroyed; befel upon duke Gorboduc dividing his lande his two sonnes, which before held monarchie, and upon
the discention the brethren whom was divided,
of he
in
be
is to in
of by
it
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all
FERREX AND PORREX".
ACTUS PRIMUS. SCENA PRIMA. *
VIDEN A. FERR Ex.
Widena. THE silent night that bringes the quiet pawse, From painefull travailes of the wearie day,
Prolonges my carefull thoughtes, and makes me blame The slowe Aurora, that so for love or shame
Doth long delay to shewe her blushing face;
* This play we are told by the printer of the second Edition was first acted at the Inner-Temple, and afterwards before Queen Eli
zabeth. Its first appearance was at a grand Christmas celebrated with unusual magnificence, as may be seen by the description of it in Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales, p. 150. It is here printed from the second Edition; the third, of 1590, from which it was published
in 1736, by Mr. Spence and by Mr. Dodsley, in this collection be fore, appearing to be only a republication of the first imperfect copy
complained of by the Authors as published in their absence without
their knowledge or consent. The testimony of Sir Philip Sidney
concerning this play is as follows: “Gorboduc is full of stately “speeches and well-sounding phrases, climbing to the height of
“Seneca his style, and as full of notable morality: which it doth “most delightfully teach, and thereby obtain the very end of
“poetry. ” And Mr. Pope was of opinion, “That the writers of “the succeeding age might have improved as much in other respects
“by copying from him a propriety in the sentiments, an unaffected “perspicuity of style, and in an easy flow in the numbers; in a “word, that chastity, correctness, and gravity of style, which are “so essential to tragedy, and which the tragic poets who fol “lowed, not excepting Shakespeare himself, either little under “stood, perpetually neglected. ”
The edition this tragedy 1590, said reprint the spurious copy first published. As the variations, verbal and otherwise, are generally curious and sometimes useful, they are
noted the bottom the page, and this purpose careful comparison has been made.
at
or
of of
C.
of
for
all is
-
to
a a
-
of
*
be
118 FER REx AND POR REX.
[ACT s.
And now the day renewes my griefull plaint. Ferrer. My gracious lady, and my mother deare,
Pardon my griefe for your so grieved minde
To aske what cause tormenteth so your hart. Widena. So great a wrong and so unjust despite,
Without cause against course kinde—
Ferrer. Such causelesse wrong and unjust des pite, -
May have redresse, or, the least, revenge.
Widena. Neither my sonne: such the froward will. The person such, such my misehappe and thine,
Ferrer. Mine know none, but grief for your dis tresse.
Videna. Yes, mine for thine, my sonne. no
kinde father, not kindliness".
Ferrer. My father why, know nothing Wherin have misdone unto his grace.
Videna. Therfore, the more unkinde mee:
For knowing well (my sonne) the tender love That have ever borne, and beare thee, He greved thereat, not content alone,
To spoile thee my sight, my chiefest joye,
father?
all, thee and
kinde father, not kindliness] Kind nature. Hamlet has almost the same sentiment,
little more than kin, and less than Kind.
several other places this play the same word sense occurs. Again, Julius Caesar, A.
the like
“But you would consider the true cause,
“Why birds and beastes from quality and kind, “Why these thinges change from their ordinance,
“Their natures, and presumed faculties
“To monstrous quality 29 Titus Andromicus, A.
“The forest walks are wide and spacious, “And many unfrequented plots there are
“Fitted kind for rape and villainy. ”
Antony and Cleopatra,
“you, that the worm will For these instances
James's Chronicle, Nov. Hamlet, A.
“You must think this, look
his kind. ”
am indebted writer the Saint
1774. - See, also Mr. Steevens's Note
1.
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FER REX AND POR. R. Ex. 119
But thee, of thy birth-right and heritage,
Causelesse, unkindly and in wrongfull wise,
Against lawe and right will bereave: Halfe his kingdome will geve away.
Ferrer. To whom?
Widena. Even Porrex his yonger sonne, Whose growing pride sore suspect,
That being raised equall rule with thee,
Mee thinkes see his envious hart
swell,
Filled with disdaine and with ambicious hope.
The end the goddes know, whose altars Full oft have made vaine of cattel slaine
To send the sacred smoke heaven's throne, For thee my sonne, thinges succede,
now my jelous minde misdemeth sore.
-
Ferrer. Madam, leave care and carefull plaint for me:
Just hath my father bene every wight, His first unjustice will not extend
To me, trust, that geve cause therof.
My brother's pride shall hurt himselfe, not me.
Videna. So graunt the Goddes: but yet thy father Hath firmely fixed his unmoved minde
That plaintes and prayers can whit availe,
(For those have assaid) but even this day
He will endevour procure assent
Of all his counsell his fonde devise.
Ferrer. Their ancestors from race race have borne True fayth my forefathers; and their seede,
trust they eke will beare the like me.
Widena. There resteth all; but they faile thereof,
And the end bring forth successe, On them and theirs the mischiefe shall befall.
