No More Learning

those few words comprehended much matter,
satisfied the hearers for their duty the queen's majesty. You are wise and learned was, and for knowledge duty and understanding
the gospel, Bonus seminator seminavit that follow such heinous Treasons, that bring semen bonum; but supervenit inimicus forth the fruit such seeds such wicked
much bound God he; but the evil
seedsmen, the evil inticers and seducers have
wrought evil effect you both, the great good
seedsman hath sowed you good gifts, learning,
knowledge, and good quality, serve him, your eth of? No; but the black Trump Shame shall prince and your country withal, said blow out their infamy for ever. Again, these
seminavit zizania: the
seedsman sowed
the evil
cockle,
seedsmen have been England; they had sown the right seed for their own use, the seed
hemp, and felt they had received ac cording their deserving. God hath sown you good gifts and qualities, meet have served any prince Christendom but super venit inimicus, the devil and his ministers, wicked seedsmen, sowed you darnel and cockle, treason and disloyalty; they have made you forget your duty your natural prince and country. these had been handled
and noisome
and he sowed
weeds. Such wicked
they have deserved, they should long ago have had their own due seed, hemp bestowed upon them, meet seed for such seedsmen; such mischievous seedsmen they be, that corrupt men, otherwise well inducq, that sow treason
abundantly this realm. strange mat
and all. It was well and wisely spoken here
the last day, by one that stood at the bar, that
was learned and as wise as you are, upon his
confessing of himself guilty of Treason against
his prince; I would he had had as much truth for any May embassadors such seedsmen and loyalty, as he had of learning and under Be these the parts embassadors They have standing, in few words, he comprehended a
not your fault have been renewed and in crească against us, nothing else would,
should have staid you from foul dealing treason. But this sowing treason lawfu
within memory, about 38 years ago, about
the 25th Hen. was done the duke Mi
lan. The French king, that then was, Francis,
grand-father the French king that now sent one M. de Marveilles the duke of Milan as his
against princes whom they sent? Treason
princes not their message, lawful
cause their sending their own heads they presume they must law touched
and taught keep them within their duties. As for them that seek fame Treason, and by procuring the destruction princes, where shall sound that fame? Shall the golden Trump
Fame and good Report, that Chaucer speak
-
et
is
as he
In
of
it, to
; ofdeto37letby if ofa
in
as
it
in as to
as it
to
to
-
,
is, of
it
2 init
to of of: so
in
to
bebe
in in
to
If of itin
as
on
to
is ofit, he
to 3.
it a
of do
asin is
in2. of of to it
he of all
a
all
he
oftohe Ilet H. soas of
by 2. in
of ofto
if to ofby byof be be
or tolet by
to5. us
in to
of 2. ; inof
If it,in
beofso
of
to
of so of O
ofis asIf ;if
be
no
to
10:7) STATE TRIALs, 14 Eliz. 1971–Trial of Robert Hickord. [1048
seedsmen have sown, are in foul fault, and Now proceeding further Letters between
justly to be condemned, and worthy extremely
to feel For that you are mistry, inen
may have pity and compassion your misery,
and forbear grieve you with due chearsal, fool, thou understandest not the matter. an else me might aggravate your offence, with swered, presumed say this unto you, upon setting out the particulars length, and your assurance that you would not offended,
they should have fallen out, you had stood and that maketh me ask, why you continue Trial but you have confessed and yield this dealing with the Scotish queen? He an yourself guilty, and submitted yourself swered me again, Thou art fool, thou seest the queen's majesty's mercy. Therefore will not my case; hold wolf the ears, can
leave aggravate your faults, and will proceed, neither let without danger, nor holdout the order law requireth, Judgment. peril. Unhappy man was when was first
pray God give you grace make good committed; for could then have corne
end. need not give you long exhortation,
am doctor divinity; you are learned your self, your knowledge great would your loy
alty and truth had been great. But because
the speech the prince, would have laid her feet, and trust should have found grace have obtained favour: But now, on the one side, am entered into my prince's
we are do with law, we must follow the high displeasure; the other side
order law, one must speak for all, and should pull the Scotish queen, and her for the rest, shall proceed judgment. friends upon me, and make them mine enemies, Then my Lord Chief Justice pronounced the then were worse case than ever was. If
Judgment usual Treason, concluding could once recover my prince's favour, then these words; “God merciful unto you, and would soon shake off all dealing with the
truly said, that the duty prince, much greater overh his master,
had much favour fe-s have ne: lected that duty my prince, and liberty, that his men had recourse unto
howbeit did my lord, my late master's procurement and commandment, and for good
intent, my master bare me hand and persuaded me, whereof pray your lordships
may declare the truth. When first my lord made choice of me to wait on him the
Tower, would God had rather made
any other, within short time re Letter from the Scotish queen Ci
He made me privy and willed me acquaint myself with that Cipher, for the
deciphering the like hereafter. At that first time said little unto within three weeks after there came another Letter him from the
him freely into the Tower: whereupon we conceived hope his short delivery, but fell
contrary, and continued till Midsummer. Then was he advised to make submission to
the queen's majesty, and promised that
would submit himself, and renounce all deal ing with the Scotish queen, there was hope that the queen's majesty would receive him
grace. Whereupon wrote Submission. sent was delivered, and, we heard,
was very well liked Within fortnight after had the liberty the Tower, and com fortable Letters came. looked and had hope that should have been delivered presently
choice ceived pher.
subjects the
duty than man any other; yea,
mean time contented
decipher the Letters they passed between
from time time, those that bare him into the world. con them. Shortly after
Scotish queen, and then began mislike the
matter. Then my lord walking the leads,
(having much liberty granted him) Henry
Nevil and Mr. Lieutenant being present upon pertinent, when yet proceeded further, and
the lead, and departing little aside, iny lord
called me him, and after other matters en
tered into talk the Scotish queen. said
unto him, would ask question you, doing. My lord was not then delivered might without offending you. He asked me shortly after happened, that occasion what? said would show him, that sickness, and being sick the plague the would not offended, for otherwise durst Tower, my lord was removed his own house not. After he had assured me he would not be
offended. said unto him, My lord, marvel much your doings; you are here, you know, committed upon high displeasure the queen's majesty, for dealing with the Scotish queen without the queen's majesty's consent.
the Charter-house; then we had great hope that we should shortly received into her ma
you, the contrivance this dealing must much aggravate her hişiness's displeasure against
you. He answered me, Tush fool, thou art
give you grace make good end.
Then Hickford answered this effect humbly thank your lordship for your good admo nition; know and confess, that ought unto the queen's tuajesty much greater and higher duty
than my master. And said your lordships have been wisely spoken, was
Scotish queen. the mean time, till her inn jesty's favour may recovered, am driven
this hardness that you see. answered him again, You are yourself much wiser than am but, my poor opinion, the sooner you rid
yourself this dealing the better. Then be
cause was persuaded that trusted re cover the queen's majesty's favour, was the
came not pass, the cause God knoweth. Here the Lord Chief Justice offered in terrupt and end this course speech im
said:
(a) Behold evident entry into resolu
tion leave the queen, and seek the Scot and friends,
Hickford. beseech you, my lord, me use few words, declare the course my
to
hehe
Iin I to
in I of I
I in
atI I
be I to
Ito noItoso
so I aofas as I tois I allofto : a it.
an
be
he to
soof
if
a
I all(a
), I I
I
I a to toof
of it a to of to
I soof ontoto as I I sir
is to
toto
ifit ofin it,at
it I so
to
In
be onII to
of
toby of
he to
I
bya
to to I, asedinas
of by in
in to ofifinhe :it
at
it
to I
heI
a
heto
it, ofI
all at
Iofof. he
as Iaof
it
to
go
to
is
or be
a a I I toof a as
it: to he it,
all as I it I to
of
in
a I
I orit 1inso IIto
Iatosoof
soheI
asa II I
to a I be
in oflet asto if it into
if
a: ;ithe : Iitto a
of
I
by
1049] STATE TRIALS, 24 Eliz. 1581–Arraignment of Edmund campion. [1050
jesty's favour, and come to the court again, have taken other course; but you had higher
and so continued till the Cipher came from the bishop of Ross, before wheh time and since I was never privy to that matter. The cause why I was never afterward made privy, was this ; My lord being at home at his house at Charter-house, I told him, I liked not his do ing, it would not have good end.
Att. Why did you then still follow * Why left you him not *
Hickford. He answered me, Thou art a fool, thu understandest not.
hope, to have seen your master in higher state to advance you ; you had more respect to your master than to your mistress. But this is no thing to the matter.
So his purposed longer Speech was -cut off, and then he said shortly thus:
Hickford. I humbly thank your lordship again for your good admonition; and as your lordship hath rehearsed the History of the French embassador to the duke of Milan, so I
would and pray God, that he that bath brought Catlin. He told you truth, that you were my lord to this, may have the like success. I
a fool, for you played the fool indeed. humbly submit myself to the queen's majesty's Hickford, I would then have gone from mercy. I know I have lived under a most him, and I sought to depart ; he would never gracious and merciful queen. I wish God long
give me leave, as Mr. Bannister well know to preserve her majesty, and this little time
eth.
-
that I have left I will spend in prayer for her Jatlin. Why? he was not your prince, you preservation; and I beseech God have mercy
were not so bound that he could compel you upon me.
to tarry with him. * Whereunto the Court, and that were
Hickford. Otherwise I dealt not with th present, said, Amen; and some said secretly, bishop of Ross. had then shewed himself wiser man than Catlin. In following him, the hurt was his master. And the lieutenant was com
yours; if you had been a good subject, and had manded avoid the prisoner. —God save
regard of your duty, you might and should Queen Elizabeth.
-
58. The Arraignment CoTTAM, Joh Nso
EDMUND CAM proN, SHERWIN, Bosc RAyr, BR1stow, RBIE, and ORTox, for High
Treason 24 ELIz.
Bib. Cott. 1014. Phoenix Britannicus, 481. ]
1581.
Now first published. [MS.
THE 12th November, 1581, the King's* shall tried, and therefore you must now
bench, Westminster, the parties abovenanied spare speech and reserve till then,
were indicted High Treason, namely, that which time you shall have full liberty de they the days the last March and April fence, and me sit indifferent between her anno 22d Eliz. Rheimes Champaign, majesty and yourself, wherefore now the In Rome, and other places beyond the seas, had dictment whether you Guilty Not. conspired the death the queen's majesty, the Then they were arraigned, severally and se overthrow the religion now professed verally; every one pleaded Not Guilty. The England, the subversion the state, and that 20th Nov. next following, the said persons for the attempt thereof they had stirred were led the bar for their Trial, the Jury strangers invade this realm; moreover that was demanded, which presently appeared. the 8th May next following, they took their The Clerk the Crown read the Indictment,
journey from Rheimes towards England per and declared the charge the jurors was, That suade and seduce the queen's subjects the they found the paties here indicted Guilty Romish religion. obedience the Pope, from the treasons, have fled for any them, their duties and allegiance her highness, and they should then enquire what lands, tene that the 1st June they arrived this coun ments, goods, and chattels, they had the try for the self-same purpose.
Whereupon the parties mentioned were brought from the Tower the bar hear
this Indictment which was read unto them. Campion. protest before God and his an gels, heaven and earth, and before this tri
-time the treasons committed any time since, and they found them Not Guilty, then
bunal, which pray God may mirror
the judgment come, that am Not Guilty could have wished likewise that for the pre
these reasons contained the Indictment, vention any other whatsoever; and prove verally
these things against me merely impossible. rying
Lord Chief Justice, (sir Christopher Wray. ) nearly unto our lives, each one might
The time not yet come wherein you have had one day for his trial. For albeit
Sic MIS.
acknowledge the Jurors wise men and much experienced such causcs, yet the
say so, and more.
Campion. My lord, for much our sur
mised oftences are severally, that the one not tainted with the crime the other, the offence one not being the offence all,
confusion, we might also have been se licted, and that our Accusations car
eat importance, and tending
*
to
of
in
is
of of
it
or of
of
by
in
so in of go
be
in I
to
to to
to
of
to
to to
A. D.
I
to
of it
he
of
,
I of inin to
is II of of of
be
a in
in
at
N,of
to of of be
K1
us noor as
to
if
to
of to
in to so
up in
be
beso ita
to
to
all
I so
of
at
of
of
as
at
is
at
as
or
or
all
of
to
at of
:
-
1051) STATE TRIALS, 24 Eliz. 1581. -Arraignment of Edmund Campion, [1052
Evidence being given or rather handicti' at her, favourable his mercy towards us, that once, must needs breed a confusion in the Jury, neither they thereby have been bettered, nor and perhaps such a misprusion of matters, as her estate impaired, nor our quiet diminished,
they may take the Evidence against one to be for who knoweth not the rebellions and up against all, and consequently the crime of the roars the North, who remembereth not the one for the crime of the other, and finally the tragical pageant Storie, who still seeth not guilty to be saved, and the guiltless to be con the traitcrous practices Felton Prevailed demned; wherefore, I would it had pleased they against her, was not their strength van
your lordship that the Indictment had been quished, were not their policies frustrated, did several, and that we might have had several not God detect them and protect her her
days of trial *.
Hudson. It scemeth well Campion that -you
safety and their perdition The matter fresh reunembrance. Their quarters are yet scarce consumed; they were discovered, they werc
have had your counsel.
Campion. No counsci but a pure con convicted, they suffered, we saw you
science. ask from whence these Treasons and seditious
Lord Chief Justice. Although if many be Conspiracies had their first offspring, ask indicted at once, the Indictment in respect of from whence they could have but from the them containing their names well itself the pope For we inspect the Nor yet itself being framed against several per thern seditions, was that was not only sons cannot but several the trial, the encouragement, but also being put flight whereof evidence shall particularly given was their refuge. we mean Storie, was against every one, and the matters objected that was the sworn liege and lord per every one shall have his particular answer, jured subject; we look Felton,
that the jury shall have things orderly; not was that excommunicated the queen and the withstanding would have wished also, that commoualty that did her obedience. Finally, every one should have had his several day we recount all the Treasons and Rebellions
assigned him, had the time permitted, but that have been conspired since the first hour since cannot be otherwise we must take generation, was and principally he,
as is. that suborned them. What, then, are we Whereupon the queen's counsel Mr. Ander think these latest and present conspiracies
son, Mr. Popham (Attorney General) and Mr. have been done either unwitting unwilling Egerton (Solicitor General) prepared give the pope Shall we deny either Campion
Evidence, and first Mr. Anderson spake effect followeth
Anderson. With how good and gracious prince the Almighty hath blessed this land, continuing the space years, the peace, the tranquility, mercies and abundant supplies, but especially the light and success the gospel, where with since her majesty's first reign this realin hath flourished above other, most evidently doth manifest; the which, not withstanding they ought have stirred
into most dutiful allection and zealous love unto her crown, for whose sake and whose means, next under God, we enjoy these pros perities; yet hath there not from time time, been wanting amongst mischievous and evil disposed enemies her felicity, which either
insolent and open denouncing war
secret and privy practices sinister devices, have ambitiously and most disloyally attempted
spoil her her right, and these bless ings yet such hath been God's incomparable puissance against them, tender his care over
This objection secins not altogether
groundless. and are tried together for fe
lony, witness swears that confessed him
his companions without the pope's assent consent have conspired these matters beyond the seas themselves? Why? had they en tertainment his hands Did he bestow no
thing upon them for their maintenance was there no cause which either he should do for
them they for him, they papists, pope they flying their country, receiving them they Jesuits, their founder; supreme head, they sworn members; their chief provost, they his dearest subjects; how can
but was privy, privy nay the author and setter on We see that other treasons have
been squared his platforms, and had
direction this, came the rest from him and
came not this near him impossible. An
enemy the crown, professed scourge
the gospel, envying the tranquillity the one,
impatient the success the other, what would he not do subvert them both He
hath been always like himself, and never liker ought than this, He knew well enough
foreign hostility was convenient. The Span iard would be discovered the Frenchman
would suspected; the Roman not beloved. How then Forsooth, men born and bred
our own nation, perfect our own tongue and
that together with and another, com language, instructed our own Universities
mitted the felony question, the judge summing tells the jury that this evidence
—they and only they must endeavour our overthrow. what order They must come secretly into the realm, they must change their
against but not against danger that the minds
fluenced with regard
See too the case Coke Woodburne,
1721.
yet there jurymen will
great
in habit and names; they must dissemble their
the case
vocations, they must wander unknown—to what end To dissuade the people from their Allegiance their prince, reconcile them. "
to
to it
he :
by
it, A of
v. ofBso
us
to allbe
to
is
so
* to by in
: a it in
hea as it A,up A,
it all
I
of of : be
in B
of to 23
all
B,Ato of be us
of of
at
all
isto toofto
be in
by
a or us
A. ofbe
D. B. in byupainitsoit,
? be
In in
to in he
to he
to ;
in
to
inIt if?
in
no
; ;
oror toto
in it ofif in be
so
or
to of at
a in
a all
: of is 1 he
:
*
he to no
no
he it
of he or of it.
he
he
allsoitto IIf isto
he if he it If it
of
of of
for traiterous and being, reason they
should have the law and the due punishment
ordained for traitors, the which her majesty's
behalf we pray that they may have, and that
the Jury upon our allegation may pass for the Trial.
This Speech, very vehemently pronounced with grave and austere countenance, dismay them all, and made them very impatient and troublesomely affected; for seemed their
hatred with the Jury, and
ter conclude him guilty
duced the queen's subjects from their allegiance
her majesty What can more unlikely We are dead men the world, we only travel led for souls; we touched neither state nor po licy, we had such commission. Where was, then, outr seducing? Nay, but we reconciled them the pope; nay, what reconciliation can there him, since reconciliation
a
1053] STATE TRIALS, Eliz. 1581—and others, High Treason. [1054
to the pope, to plant the Romish Religion, sufficient evidence and substantial wit to supplant both prince and province—by nesses. For, otherwise, had been very un what means ? By saying of Mass, by adminis equally provided that upon the descanting and tering the Sacrament, by hearing Confessions. flourishes affected speeches, man's life When these things were purposed, endea should brought into danger and extremity, voured, and practised them, whether were that, upon the persuasion any orator they guilty these treasons no? not, vehement pleader without witness viva voce then add this, for them they were parties testifying the same, man's offence should
the rebellion the North, they were instru judged reputed mortal. so, see not ments the practices Storie, they were what end Mr. Serjeant's oration tended, ministers execute the Bull sent from Pius see end, see but frustrate, for the Quintus against her majesty. How appeareth
that How should appear better, than
your own Speeches and Examinations. They
highly commended the Rebellion the North;
they greatly rejoiced the constancy Storie; must weighed, but witnesses, oaths, &c. — divers their counsel and conferences was re Whereto, then, appertaineth these objections quired for the Bull. Yea, and which more Treason He barely affirmeth, we flatly and yet sticketh our stomachs, they afforded deny them. But let examine them, how such large commendations Saunders, liking will they urge us? We fled our country, what and extolling his late proceedings Ireland, that The pope gave entertainment, how that cannot be otherwise intended but that then We are Catholics, what that
thereof they also have been partakers. To the purpose We persuaded the people, what conclude, what lenity may we hope for from the followeth We are therefore Traitors. We pope, what fidelity from their hands that have deny the sequel, this more necessary
me you should frame this reason, My parents are thieves, my companions suspected persons, myself evil liver, and laid the mutton”,
distemperature that sounded very criminously only due God? This word soundeth not their Trial, and therefore utterly denying lawyer's usage and therefore wrested
that was alledged, they protested themselves against unaptly. The reconciliation that we
true and faithful subjects; only Campion bare out best, and yet somewhat amazed, and de
endeavoured was only God, and Peter saith reconciliacio Domine; what resteth then
against us? That we were privy the Rebel
Inanded Mr. Anderson, whether an orator accuse them,
give evidence.
came pleader
lion ters
the North, instruments Storie, minis Felton, partakers with Sanders. How forsooth, must presumed. Why? be
Justice. You must have patience with him and the rest likewise; they being
the Queen's Council they speak other intent than duty her majesty and can
cause we commended some, some we rejoiced at, concerning some we gave counsel and con ference. How appeareth that? our own speeches, nothing less. God our witness we nover meant we drearned not. These matters ought proved and not urged, de clared evidence and not surmised fancy, nothwithstanding ought so, yet must all circumstances note for Traitors. Indeed,
yet that laid against us, but bare cir
not but marvel that men your profession should upon any such occasion, much dis tempered, for concerning the matters which
my brother Anderson hath alledged, they but inducements the point itself, and thereto every one shall have his several Answer.
Whereupon, Campion for himself and his
Companions answered unto Mr. Anderson's cumstances, and sufficient arguments
Speech followeth
Campion. The wisdom and providence
prove Traitors, much that we think ourselves very hardly dealt with, that for want proof we must answer circumstances. Well, circumstances other remember, this was
Sic MS.
the laws England, take such proceedeth not the trial any man for life and death shifts probabilities and con
jectural surmiscs, without proof the crime
crime but trifles, the law hath his passage, the theft but halfpenny, witnesses are produced, that probabilities, aggravations, invectives, are not the balance wherein justice
-
without danger, whose departure was
vowed themselves unto him, what trust may than sheep had been stolen, and accuse
|.
abilities, not one amongst all, but note them these odious circumstances
the country repose them that have fled and renounced their country How can their return
Note circuinstances, note pro therefore stole the sheep. Who seeth not but
bring necessary mat
Yea, but we se
man
of : as
in it
of it, is
be ; for as so of a
he
in
24
* or
toit,
it
tobe no | to
I
an it a
to
ofI. . . of or it
in it is
to
in
of by or
asof
be
to as
all
so
by
to
I or
in asto so us
be
all
so
to in
a to if
by
us by is
so in
of
inno it be
to
I no
by all
is of of of
If
of it to ed be
L. in a
it asC. of
to to
all
of of
by ofto ;
of in
to
as
to
all
it so in
in
toin
us to
beIana
be anorbe
tois
us
I to on us it
of
to
to
be it no no
If
I of
is
be be it to
to
to
a
by
by as a beor
is
to is
to be if to be or
is
of
for
1055] STATE TRIALS, 24 Eliz. 1581—Arraignment of Edmund Campion, - [1056
this were all, this was nothing. God's behalf we pray that better used, and that our lives not
naries make two personal Oaths; the one and conditions. Was such liberality the
and Wherefore,
Proof may
brought prejudice conjectures.
Queen's Counsel. the use of all Semi
nary men the first entrance into their Semi some more, some less, according your degrees
into book called Bristow's Motives for the fulfilling matters therein contained the
other unto the pope true him and his successors: the which Oaths, there neither
pope's without cause: No had end; and what end should that be, but by your privy inveigling and persuasions set on foot his devices and treacheries.
but traiterous, for how can man be faithful Campion. We received him according
to our state and swear performance those Motives; true liege his sovereign, and swear
fealty the pope, forasmuch the one quite contrary our laws and government,
the other the most mortal enemy her majesty hath?
the rate thought best bestow We saw neither cause why refuse neither means how come hither pennyless; was his liberality that supplied our need. What would you have We took was that Treason But was end grant had been no end, had been vain; and what end should that be, merely preach the Gos
Campion. What Oaths Seminary men
their first entrance take, whether Bristow's
Motives repugnant our laws no, not pel? treacheries, such end was intended. any thing material our Indictment, for that There was Witness produced named we are neither Seminary men nor sworn our Caddy, Cradocke, who deposed, generally,
entrance any such motives; but were
that any Seminary Men stood here for trial, this matter could prove great Evidence against them, for that none are sworn such Articles Bristow's, but young striplings that
under tuition; whereas unto men riper years and better grounded points Religion
against them all, that being beyond the seas
heard the Holy Vow made between the pope and the English priests, for the restoring and establishing Religion England; for
the which purpose, two hundred priests should come into the realm, the which matter was de clared Ralph Shelley English knight, and captain the pope, and that should con
you do, stubbornly that religion which might any cloak colour such Treasons.
Queen's Counsel. All you jointly and seve rally have received money the pope spend your journeys. Some two hundred crowns,
(as most England are before they pass the
seas) that Oath never administered, and then dict army into England, for the subduing
many study else flourisheth Rome wherein both Seminary men and others are far better employed than they otherwise could read ing English pamphlets.
Kirble. think my conscience there not four Books of these Bristow's Motives all the Seminaries.
the realm unto the pope, and the destroying the Heretics. Whereto Ralph made an swer, that would rather drink poison with Themistocles than see the overthrow of his
country: and added further, that thought
the catholics England would first stand arms against the pope before they would join
Thereupon they
were indicted
under vizard that they should condemned
such enterprize.
Queen's Counsel. The matter flat
-
cried, whereas they Treason they feared lest
the
Holy Vow was made, two hundred priests had Religion, and prove that Campion framed their charge appointed, the Captain General
reason manner following: was mentioned, our destruction purposed. Campion. There was offer made unto us, then, we confer likely heads together, what that we would come the Church hear more apparent than that those two hun dred priests, you made number, and there
Sermons and the Word preached, we should
liberty: Pascall and Ni culpable offences the Church and acceptance
set large, and colls, otherwise we, upon coming
that offer, were received grace and had
their Pardon granted; whereas they had the number, and therefore privy and parties been happy have persevered the the Treason here conclusion without any end, they had been partakers our calamities. affinity the premises; first Holy Vow, Wherefore, liberty were offered con then establishment Religion. What co dition come Church and hear sermons, lour there here left for Treason All the
and that could we not professing our treason rehearsed imputed Ralph Shel Religion, then change our religion and ley; not one syllable thereof was referred become Protestants, that forsooth was that the priests. But granting, and which the wit
that should purchase liberty. that our Religion was cause our Imprisonment and
the consequence our condemnation.
Attorney General. All these matters the
time Nicoll's enlargement were altogether
unknown, and not once suspected neither can we now conjecture that was guilty any
such drift purpose, that stood not,
nesses have not deposed, namely, that we were some these two hundred priests; you see sir Ralph Shelly Catholic, the Pope's captain,
Layman, would rather drink poison than agree such Treason, like that priests, devotaries and dead men the world, would anywise consent unto, that this Deposition more for
fore parties and privy the Treason. Campion. Two hundred priests made
Holy Vow labour for restoring Religion. seemeth, likelihood, that we made
than against us.
a of
or ifinIofoftobeaofatif
of
to so
atif
a
is a
us to
of
in be
is in
2
of is he
it,
it, to
of to to as to asat to
of
is
to
to
of
sir
to in
:
of
be
all ;
up to a
of
of
of all
bein
in of to
us tois
;
to if all So us
be
as
to
of at as
on
to
to
in
of to
itat is so
;
be
to
as be
It is in of he
allof
to to to Itby
he do to or be by toinso in no
all
heofifin a
inbe
at is
be of or
to is
isan be an to
to an to ofor he
:to he to
toa by in ait or
it is is
all
all
of
it us
is ofa
no to an
do
in
an
siran heIto
: atotoupanIf,inof J.
it
to
\
no to
to to of
in : it
of
to
to in
it.
it of
to
an
1057] STATE TRIALS, 24 Eliz. 1581. —and others, for High Treason. [1058
Then was order taken that every man's Evi dence should be particularly read against him self, and every one to have his several answer; and first against Campion.
Queen's Counsel. About ten years since you, Campion, were received into conference with the cardinal of Sicily, concerning the Bull wherein Pius 5 did excommunicate the Queen, the nobility, and commonalty, of this realin ; discharging such of them as were I’apists from
from Dr. Allen unto Dr. Sanders Ireland, wherein Allen sheweth why the Insurrection
the North prevailed not, was two respects, either that God reserved England for greater lague, for that the catholics other places
not intelligence the purpose for other
wise, that could not badly have succeeded: this Letter moreover was contain that—"
feared the war child doth the rod, and that
their obedience to her majesty, the which Con him.
times will ready with 200 aid
ference cannot otherwise be referred, than to
the putting in execution of the Bull; so that
the Bull containing manifest treason, whereto
you were privy. Doth that prove you a Traitor? the overthrow this realm, the destruction of
Campion. You, Men of the Jury, I pray her majesty, and the placing the Scottish
queen governess England, could not any ways have escaped your knowledge; for being
sent from Prague, where your abode was, Rome, and then the Pope charged presently
towards England, what other drift could this, such sudden ambassage, portend, than the practising and execution such Conspiracy
you listen. This concerneth me only, and
thereto this I answer. True it that
my first arrival into Rome (which now about ten
years past) was my hap have access
the said cardinal, who having some liking
me, would have been the means prefer me any place service, whereunto should
Queen's Counsel. What army and host men, the Pope the aid the king
Spain and the duke Florence had levied for
have most fancy; but being resolved what Whereof you are also the more suspect
course take, answered, that meant not
serve any man, but enter into the Society Jesus, thereof vow and professed. Then being demanded further, what opinion had conceived the Bull; said, procured much severity England, and the heavy hand
ed, for much your coming from Rome towards England, you entered into certain privy conference with Dr. Allen break these matters the English Papists withdraw the people from their due allegiance and prepare them receive these foreign powers.
her majesty against the catholics. Where Campion. When was received into the unto the cardinal replied, that doubted not Order Jesuits, vowed three things, inci but should mitigated such sort, that the dent my calling, Chastity, Poverty and Obe
catholics should acknowledge her highness their queen without danger excommunica tion and this was the speech had with the cardinal, which can wise construed
offence, and therefore, much less the lcast point Treason.
dicnce. Chastity abstaining from fleshly appetites and concupiscences. Poverty de spising worldly wealth lying upon the devo tion others. Obedience dutifully execut ing the commandment my superiors. re spect which Vow inveighing obedience, came, being sent for from Prague Rome, having not much the smallest inkling
Queen's Counsc'. We can impute by your words than mitigation
more the Bull
against the catholics only that the prin these supposed armies, nor the least inclina
cipal, which was the excommunication her majesty, was left still force, not detected
you, and therefore your privity thereto conclud eth you Traitor.
Campion. My privity thereto enforceth not consenting; nay, rather proveth my disa greement, that said procured much severity, and therefore being here published before could detect (for who knew not that the queen England was excommunicated) excused my privity and exempted me from Treason.
tion put any such thing practice, but there rested for eight days attending the plea sure my provost, who last according
have executed and was ready and willing Queen's Counsel. You had conference with discharge, had been sent the Indians
the bishop Ross, professed papist and uttermost regions the world, was being mortal enemy the state and crown Eng sent into my native country. the which land; and what end should any such com voyage cannot deny but that dined with Dr.
Allen Rheims, with whom also after dinner walked his garden, spending our time
speeches which referred our old familiarity for religion affection, think little pertinent and acquaintance during the whole course
munication had, but for the practising such Treasons had been conspired
Campion. What the bishop Ross either
me, much less this purpose; but for the Conference past between him and me, utterly deny that ever there was any, and there
thereof take God witness) not one iota
proved.
The Clerk the Crown read Letter sent
fore
WOL.
MS.
my Vow
the
grace God,
will
&.
case violate) appointed me undertake
this Journey into England, which, accordingly, enterprized, being commanded thereunto not
Traitor conspire the subversion my
country, but priest minister the Sacra ments, hear Confessions; the which ambas
sage protest before God would gladly
our talk glanced England; neither had
Sic
the crown state the least notice any
I.
to it a to
a
he be to is, of heI it I
to asof let I an: it
be of
of
as to be inof to
to
I
in
in
I
or
inof it of
of I
of
in |. in or
beto of
a itI a all to
it
of it so of toI tois
is,
2
of
no
of as
as
I of a it
at
1 ofto ofto 3Y IIanooftooftoto a
(I at to in
of all of to as
as
* at all
by asI in
as
; no in I
so
*Ia Iofas
as to
; in by in as by a
Itoto as Iin inofbysoof
in asto of of be to I at in
of
of in orto
to
Ito in to an
Inas of to toa of of orIto he d;
in in a
in
as
to all to a ofI Inin
to ofI
* to
of
1050) STATE TRIALS, 24 Eliz. 1581. -Arraignment of Edmund Campion, [1069
Letters sent to Sanders, nor the smallest glim Were they commended him, are they con mering of these objected platforms. --The n, as demned ide, the same cause was counion
for being Procurator from the pope and Dr. both, and shall the effect peculiar the Allen, I must needs say there could no one one wished earnestly the planting of the thing have been inferred more contrary, for as gospel. knew contrary religion professed. concerning the one, he datly with charge and saw were known should apprehend commandment excused me from matters of ed. changed my name: kept secretly. state and regiment; the other sought no such imitated Paul. Was therein traitor But
duty and obedience unto as to execute matters repugnant to my chage. But admitting (as
the wearing bus jerkin, velvet hat, and
such like much forced against me, ti. ough the wearingdoingany apparel were treason, that were ever the more traitor.
# protest he did not) that Dr. Allen had con
municated such assairs unto me: yet for that
he was not my superior it had been full apos
tacy in me to obey him. Dr. Allen for his
learning and good religion I reverence, but ment. Indeed, acknowledge offence
neither was I his subject or inferior, nor he the God for doing, and thereof
man at whose cominandment I rested.
Queen's Counsel. Were it not that your
dealing afterwards had fully bew rayed you,
your present Specch perhaps had been more
credible; but afterclaps make those ex
cuses but shadows, and your deeds and actions
prove your words but forged; for what mean jug had that changing your name, whereto
belong your disguising apparel, can these
alterations wrought without suspicion Your name being Causpion, why were you called Isastings? You priest and dead the world, what pleasure irad you royst that
repent me and therefore you see me.
velvet hat and feather, buff leather Rack, come Rope. ”
jerkin, velvet venetians, are they weeds for dead Queen's Counsel. What can sound more
men Can that beseem professed man
suspiciously nearer unto Treason, than this
Letter? grieveth him have bew rayed his favourers the catholics, and the rein he linketh have wrought prejudice Religion. What,
then, may we think that concealeth must needs be some grievous matter and very precious, that neither the Rack nor the Rope can wring from him. For his conscience being
religion which hardly becometh layman
gravity No; there was further matter in
am not indicted upon the statute Apparel, neitic ris any part this present arraign
did grievously now penance
rug gown, and great blacking strap covering half his face, &e. The Clerk of the Crown read Letter sent from Campion unto one Pound catholic, part the contents whereof was this, “It grieveth me much have offended the catholic cause so
highly, confess the Names some gentle men and friends whose houses had been
entertained yet this greatly cherish and comfort myself, that never discovered any secrets there declared, and that will not, come
He was newly shaven,
tended; your lurking and lying hid secret
places, concludeth with the rest, mischievous
meaning: had you come hither for love your country, you would never have wrought
had your intent been have done ell,
you would never have hated the light, and not called question nor sifted any point
therefore this beginning decyphereth your Trea religion, no doubt, there had not been fur
son.
Campion. At what time the primitive church was persecuted and that Paul laboured the propagation and increase the Gospel, not
unknown, what straits and pinches and his foliows were aversely driven, wherein though purpose were already resolved rather
yield himself marty doin, than shrink
ther devices and affairs of the state and com
monwealth attempted, we should well have discovered the matter the per-on wiete fore, were well these hidden secrets were re vealed, and then would appear the very face of these treasons.
and covenants such charge and vocation belonging, whereby sustain office and duty
priesthood that consisteth slating and we read sundry shifts whereto betook hearing confessions, respect where my
him, increase God's number and shuu per
secution; but estic tally the changing
name was very ort and familiar, whereby
opportunity and occasion was ministered,
termed himself now Paul now Saul; neither
was opinion always known, but
sometime thought expedient hidden,
least bring discovered persecution should ensue,
and thereby the Gospel greatly fore-talled.
Stich was his meaning, was his purpose, hood, was accustomed privy divers won beinz penance for points religion mens secrets, and those not such concerned
secretly stole out prison basket. State Commonwealth, whereunto my au these shifts were then approved, why are they thority was not extended, but such
now reproved ine? , Apostle, Jesuit. charged the grieved soul and conscience where
noch from the truth
preached; yet any
hope means appeared escape, and living
might benefit the church more than dying,
his
first conservation (as other priests ac cepted must do) solemnly took and vowed God never disclose any secrets confessed.
Campton. As priest have
am profession and calling singly vowed all conditions
The force and effect of which vow such as whereby every priest bound, under danger perpetual curse and damnation, never disclose any offence opened nor infirmity what
soever committed his hearing. By virtue this profession and due execution my pric st
in
to
he of
he
a
he
he he to or
in or A ?
in
he
be
all
If heas
| ;|
or
It as
in IIin soitsois
I
it
I IifI
as of
in
Iofa an abe
to
I toII
inin
it
a
of
of
to
of anso tooftoaain
in be Ia to
toje to
a a to a
a of be
in
of is v. to
to
to
or
of of
I a a
in of
anto ; ofof ?
if if
oftoofa toofII
so
in
: toto
he it in
inIifofI I isallabyas toI ofI
to toindoIin
be inan
a
he I a it a be
tois ; of
aas
: to
as soat so ofto
of It
as
of
aasto or H to
d
1001] STATE TRIALS, 24 Eliz. 1581. —and others, High Teason. [1062
had power pray for absolution. These the Supremacy, notorious tokcn evil were the hidden matters, these were the secrets willer the crown insomuch being de concerning which greatly rejoiced, manded the Commissioners, whether the the revealing whereof cannot, nor will not be Bull wherein Pius the 2nd, had excommuni
brought, come Rack, come Rope. cated her majesty, wherein your opinion Thereupon the Clerk the Crown read force no, you would answer nothing, but that certain Papers containing them Oaths these were bloody questions, and that they
ministered the people for the renouncing which sought these, sought your life: also re
their Obedience her majesty and the swear sembling the Commissioners unto the l'hari ing Allegiance the pope, acknowledging sees, who entrap Christ propounded dilem
him for their Supreme Head and Governor, the ina, whether tribute were paid Caesar which Papers were found divers houses where that your Examination you would Campion had lurked, and for Religion been come issue, but sought your evasions and entertained.
subjects from her majesty, renouncing their obedience her, and swearing their subjection
the pope And therefore these Papers thus found houses were you where, clearly prove that for ministering such Oaths, you are Traitor.
Campion. Not long since pleased her ma jesty demand me whether did acknow ledge her my queen no. answered
that did acknowledge her highness not only my queen but my most lawful governess, and being further required her majesty whe
made Answers aloof, which vehem entiy ar. more appa gueth guiltiness conscience, that the
Queen's Counsel. What can
rent than this These Oaths,
further, are themselves sufficient convince The two Commissioners, Mr. Norton and you reason; for what may imagined Mr. Hamon, were present, and certified the inore traitorous than alien the hearts of the inatter the Queen's Counsel had urged
we went no truth would never have sought covers.
Campion. Neither these, neither can ther thought the pope might lawfully excom
there any thing imagined more directly con
trary repugnant my calling, upon any
occasion minister an Oath: neither had
any power authority neither neither the certainty yet known, nor the
would commit Offence thwart my best divines Christchdom stand fully resolv profession, for the substance and treasure ed. Albeit thought that the pope should do the world. But admit were authorized, it; yet might insufficient, for agreed
what necessity importeth that reason, that nei clavis errare potest, but the divines the catho
my hand writing nor any Proof from myself, places where resorted, whom they were
but naked presumption
Anderson. could not otherwise be intend ed but that you ministered those Oaths, and that being found behind you was you that left them —For poor man and rich man come both one house, and that after their departure bag gold found hidden, for much the poor man had such plenty, and therefore could leave such bag behind him, by common presumption intended,
that the rich man only and other did hide you professed papist, coming
house, and there such reliques found after your departure, how can otherwise implied than that you did both bring them and leave them
there, slat they came there means papist ergo your means.
am now ready supply What would you sary you had also shewed that none came more willingly pay her majesty what
ther being set down otherwise derived but only found
rity, attributing unto him ordination and inordi nation, potestatem, ordinate whereby pro ceedeth matters merely spiritual and perti
therefore ministered.
(who seeth
force against ine.
should
This
not) and nothing vehement nor
ment the church, and communicate any prince dinatent, when passeth
that cannot co potentate, Inor
order law, some think,
Campion. You conclusion had been neces
into the house my profession but you urge your conclusion before your minor; ergo proveth not.
but here you frame
hers, yet must pay God what his. Then, for excommunicating her majesty, was exact. cd me, admitting that Excommunica
schools you tion were effect, and that the pope had suf bring your minor and conclusion, you will ficient authority do, whether then
Anderson. here you prove fool; but minor
thought myself discharged said this was
bring
Queen's Counsel. You
conclusion, will refuse swear
roy allegiance dangerous que-‘ion. and they that inanded this demanded my
purpose anon.
municate her no, confessed myself insufficient umpire between her majesty and the pope, for high controversy, whereof
church distinguish the pope's autho
Appeals and such like, and
iuay excommunicate and depose princes.
The self same Articles were required me the Commissioners, but much more urged
the point Supremacy and further suppo
sals than could think said, indecd, they were bloody questions, and very pharisaical, undermining my life; whereunto answered
Christ did the dilemma, Give unto Caesar that due Caesar, and God that God belongeti, acknowledge her highness my governess and sovereign. acknowledged her majesty both facto jure, queen. con fessed obedience due the crown my temporal head and primate. This said then, this say now. then, failed ought,
If of by it
is a to it
all or
to of to
a
it. to
in of I
itain if So as I orbe in of of to :so I I
ita to
if It of a
of
to
to
it bebyto toI
is in
an
as no heby to I or itbeaIis inso
is no do noto
by
so so to
inof
in be
do
be
it
if
to i; by be a I doas be
: to
-
I
to to to
to
no
of a as as as
of
in I a be to
he by
lic
or
II no Ian to toato;orto
do
so
to
If, et
he
of
of or to it
orI
is I
it.
? I is
ofII I in it as noso by of toof doI to to
toto
a toto of.
isI of ; asa
I toof
in
be
so or as of in a for
it. I toI to I
be tobyin,
be
orby
isIIasheofit Iin as
in ofof is
toa of an
it asIto to as
he
toby as
an
as
of
of if
so Ibe
1063] STATE TRIALS, 24 Eliz. 1581. -Arraignment of Edmund Campion, [look
confessed that his coming into England was persuade the people the catholic religion.
matters be inerely spiritual points of doctrine and therefore there had not been further and disputable in schools, no part of mine In matter your meaning, you would have kept dictment, not to be given in evidence, and un your conscience yourself, and yourself where
discussed the King's Bench. To you were.
conclude, they are matters fact; they Sherwin. We read that the apostles and fa not the Trial the country, the Jury ought thers the primitive church have taught and not take any notice them for although preached tile dominions andvempires eth doubt not but they are very discreet men and nical and heatien rulers, and yet not deemed trained great use and experience con worthy death. The suslerance perhaps and
troversies and debates pertinent their call the like toleration well hoped for such ings, yet they are layinen, they are unfit judges Commonwealth, where open Christianity
blood. But I never admitted any such matter, plainly what thought the Pope's Bull, but
neither ought I to be wrested with any such suppositions. What, then, say they, because
I would not answer flatly to that which I could not, forsooth I sought corners; mine answers were aloof. Weil, since once more it must
Queen's Counsel. You well knew that was not lawful for you persuade the queen's subjects any other religion, than hy needs be answered, I say generally that these her highness's instructions already professed,
decide deep question.
Eliot, Witness, deposed against Campion,
that made Sermon Berkshire, his text being Christ weeping over Jerusalem, where
Campion sheweth many vices and enorini crease my functions, although that consci
ties here abounding England, and namely
heresies, where with was sorry that coun
trymen were blinded; but hoped shortly
there would hap day change comfortable from theirs the primitive church, for that
more manifest. The great day threatened, sheweth that the fireside the English se comfortable them, and terrible us, and minary beyond the seas, Sherwin should say,
what day should that be, but that wherein the Pope, the king Spain, and the duke Flo rence have appointed invade this realm.
That were England could compass
many things. That there was one Arundle Cornwall who instant could levy great power, and that army were scut
and godliness diversity
pretended, and albeit such
Campion. Judas! Judas! other day
my mind, protest, than that wherein into England the best landing would St.
should please God
faith and religion. For
tian commonwealths,
and indignities abound, neither there any realm godly, people devout, where
Michael's Mount.
Sherwin. never spake any such matter,
God my record; neither ever was the least part my meaning.
Bosgrave's Opinion was read, wherein had denied the Supremacy, and staggered without any perfect answer the Bull, but said that
great day, not wherein any temporal po tentate should muster, but wherein the terrible Judge should reveal men's consciences, and try every inan each kind religion. This
poral head. which Examination confess ed, that beyond the seas heard reported how the pope, the king Spain, and the duke
make restitution other Chris England, many vices
religious, but that the same very places
many enorinities flourish, and evil men
bear sway and regiment. Whereupon,
every pulpit every protestant doth, pronounc acknowledging her majesty his queen and ten
Florence would send great army into Eng the day change, this the Great Day land deprive the queen's majesty both
which threatened, coiniortable the well life and dignity, for the restitution the ca
being, and terrible heretics. Any other day than this, God knows, meant not.
tholic religion.
Queen's Counsel. The keeping close and
Munday, Witness, deposed that heard
the Englishmen, the 190ctor and others,
talk and conspire these Treasons against much you concealed what you heard, and
England, and that Campion and others after made not information her majesty, the ward had conference with 10r. Allen. council, nor the countnomalty this realm, you Campion. Here nothing deposed against became thereby privy and party unto and
me directly, and for any Conference with
Dr. Allen, that hath appeared when and what it was. -
Evidence was next given against Sherwin, who before the Commissioners had refused
swear the Supremacy, neither would answer
therefore these respects you are Traitor.
religion,
discharge my conscience without
should not
fear danger, yet ought not therefore sur
ence very wandering and unsteady which
came into England persuade and teach,
not detecting Treason maketh the hearer become Traitor, and therefore,
Bosgrave. heard spoken
What? am traitor because
But Campion perceiving Bosgrave merely
daunted with the matter, spake excuse him manner followeth:
was feared lest
the catholics, now shaken and dispersed, and those apostles and preachers never conspired terrible the heretics here flourishing the the death the emperors and rulers whose
land.
Queen's Counsel. Sce, what would you wish The Clerk of the Crown read Letter which
with fear One
danger draweth from duty.
the Judges. But your case differeth
dominions they taught and preached.
to *
I in he toin
so of be
to
as
in of
Ibe
as
of
noat
is
he
in so hein
he
no
to of
his in
of
I
of alla
to I is no is
; of to
is *d so it to in to fit aas to
a of
as to do
in nodoIof a a of
of
O to so a
all
all intotoofinof
as is so in
initofhe Ia it to
it as
as
to
in
in
in
of of of in asI
ofis
aof In I at by in is
to of aofto
iit
to
of
it
Iatohe in
is
ifan in an
so
to
if he to
of- heatoto to a be
if he
is of
of in of
ofithe itto in in a
bebea in of it,in heat to
I asof of in a
to
to aup
so
10^5] STATE TRIALS, 24 Forz. 1581. —and others, for IIgh Treason. [1066
Campion. My lord, it is not unknown to and thither had been, had my health been your honour how brittle and slippery ground thereto answerable, but the mean whiles, fame and reports are wont to be built on ; the pleased God visit me with sickness, and being which as for the most part they are more false counsel the physicians for my health's than credible, so ought they always to make
men wary and fearful to deal with them, inso
much that the broacher of rumours and news,
is he that commonly getteth least credit or that occasion and upon other into this
thanks labour. The cause the proper: realm.
| and nature fame, which never but un Campion. Indeed the physicians Rome
certain and sometime but forged; for who have held for certainty that Englishman findeth not daily experience, how that shall fall sick amongst them, there better every city, every village, yea, and most bar nor scarce any other way for his health, than ber's shops England, many speeches both repair into England, there take his natural air of estates and commonwealths be tossed which which best agreeth with his complexion.
were never meant nor determined of the Cottam. And that only was the cause, and
court: England, shall we not look not any determinate intent either persuade for the like Italy, Flanders, France, and dissuade, being otherwise my provost
Spain Yes truly; for though the countries charged the Indians. Neither after iny ar
differ, yet the nature the men remaineth the same, namely, always desirous and greedy
rival here did hide myself nor dealt otherwise, than might beseem any man that meddled more than did. lay for the most part Southwark, walked daily Paul's. re frained place, which betokened my inno cency. -
Queen's Council. Did you neither persuade England many seas and lands, upon mat nor dissuade was there not Book found in
ter only blazed among the vulgar people, either your budget, the contents whereof tended journey letter certify the queen's coun other purpose, the which was made one Dr.