These flames, from far, may the false Trojan view; These boding omens his base flight pursue 1"
She said, and struck; deep enter'd in her side The piercing steel, with reeking purple dyed: Clogg'd m the wound the cruel weapon stands;
The spouting blood came streaming on her hands.
She said, and struck; deep enter'd in her side The piercing steel, with reeking purple dyed: Clogg'd m the wound the cruel weapon stands;
The spouting blood came streaming on her hands.
Dryden - Virgil - Aeineid
AU-pow'rfulJove,
Who swaystheworldbelowandheav'nabove, Has sentme down withthisseverecommand:
What meansthyhng'ringintheLibyanland? If glor_cannotmove a mind so mean,
_or futurepraisefrom fittinpgleasurewean, Regardtheforttmesof thyrisingheir:
The promis'dcrown letyoung Ascaniuswear,
To whom th'Ausoniansceptera,nd thestate
Of Rome'simperialname isow'dby fate. "
So spokethegod; end,speakingt,ookhisflight, Involv'dincloudsa,nd vanish'doutof sight.
The piousprincewas seiz'wdithsuddenfear; Mute was histongue,and uprightstoodhishair. Revolving|n hismind the sterncommand,
He longstofly,andloathetshecharmingland. What shouldhe say? or how shoed he begin? What coursea,laslremainstosteerbetween
Th' oITcndedloverand thepow'rfalqueen? Thisway andthathetm'nshisanxiousmind, And allexpedienttsriesa,ndnonecanfind. Fix'don the deed,bat doubtfulof the means, Afterlong thought,to thisadvicehe leans: Three chiefshe callsc,ommands them to repair The fleeta,nd shiptheirmen withsilenctare; Some plausiblperetensehe bidsthem find,
To colorwhatinsecrethedesign'd.
? THE FOURTH BOOK OF _[_FIE_1_I8 1B
Himself, meantime, the softest hours would choose, Before the love-sick lady heard the news;
And move her tender mind, by slow degrees,
To suffer what the sov'reign pow'r decrees: Jove will inspire him, when, and what to say. They hear with pleasure, and with haste obey.
But soon the queen perceives the thin disguise: (What arts can blind a jealous woman's eyes ! )
She was the first to find the secret fraud, Before the fatal news was blaz'd abroad.
Love the first motions of the lover hears, Quick to presage, and ev'n in safety fears. Nor impious Fame was wanting to report
The ships repair'd, the Trojans' thick resort, And purpose to forsake the Tyrian court. Frantic with fear, impatient of the wound,
And impotent of mind, she roves the city round. Less wild the Bacchanalian dames appear,
When, from afar, their nightly god they hear,
And howl about the hills, and shake the wreathy spear
At length she finds the dear perfidious man; Prevents his form'd excuse, and thus began: "Base and ungrateful l could you hope to fly, And undiseover'd scape a lover's eye?
Nor could my kindness your compassion move, lgor plighted vows, nor dearer bands of love? Or is the death of a despairing queen
Not worth preventing, tho' too well foreseen? Ev'n when the wintry winds command your stay, You dare the tempests, and defy the sea.
False as you are, suppose you were not bound To lands unknown, and foreign coasts to sound;
Were Troy restor'd, and Priam's happy reign, Now durst you tempt, for Troy, the raging main?
See whom you fly! am I the foe you shun? Now, by those holy vows, so late begun,
By this right hand, (since I have nothing more To cballenge, but the faith you gave before ;)
I beg you by these tears too truly shed, By the new pleasures of our nuptial bed;
? m8 DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION OF VIRGIL
If ever Dido, when you most were kind,
Were pleasing in your eyes, or touch'd your mind; By these my pray'rs, if pray'rs may yet have place, Pity the fortunes of a falling race.
For you I have provok'd a tyrant's hate,
Incens'd the Libyan and the Tyrian state;
For you alone I suffer in my fame,
Bereft of honor, and expos'd to shame.
Whom have I now to trust, ungrateful guest?
(That only name remains of aU the rest ! )
What have I left? or whither can I fly?
Must I attend Pygmalion's cruelty,
Or till Hyarba shall in triumph lead
A queen that proudly scorn'd his proffer'd bed? Had you deferr'd, at least, your hasty flight, And left behind some pledge of our delight,
Some babe to bless the mother's mournful sight, Some yo_ung zl? neas, to supply your place, Whose features might express his father's face; I should not then complain to live bereft
Of all my husband, or be wholly left. "
Here paus'd the queen. Unmov'd he holds his eye. _
By Jove's command; nor suffer'd love to rise,
Tho' heaving in his heart; and thus at length replies: "Fair queen, you never can enough repeat
Your boundless favors, or I own my debt;
Nor can my mind forget Eliza's name,
While vital breath inspires this mortal frame.
This only let me speak in my defense:
I never hop'd a secret flight from hence,
Much less pretended to the lawful claim
Of sacred nuptials, or a husband's name.
For, if indulgent Heav'n would leave me fre_,
And not submit my life to fate's decree,
My choice would lead me to the Trojan shore,
Those relics to review, their dust adore,
And Priam's ruin'd palace to restore.
But now the Delphian oracle commands,
And fate invites me to the Latian lands.
That is the promis'd place to which I steer,
? THE FOURTH BOOK OF THE _IqEIS 169
And all my vows are terminated there.
If you, a Tyrian, and a stranger born,
Wifh walls and tow'rs a Libyan town adorn,
Why may not we--like you, a foreign race--
Like you, seek shelter in a foreign place?
As often as the night obscures the skies
With humid shades, or twinkling stars arise, Anchises' angry ghost in dreams appears,
Chides my delay, and fills my soul with fears;
And young Ascanius justly may complain
Of his defrauded fate and destin'd reign.
Ev'n now the herald of the gods appear'd:
Waking I saw him, and his message heard.
From Jove he came ? ommission'd, heav'nly bright With radiant beams, and manifest to sight
(The sender and the sent I both attest):
These walls he enter'd_ and those words express'd. Fair queen, oppose not what the gods command; Forc'd by my fate, I leave your happy land. "
Thus while he spoke, already she began,
With sparkling eyes, to view the guilty man;
From head to foot survey'd his person o'er,
Nor longer these outrageous threats forebore:
"False as thou art, and, more than false, forsworn ! 'N'otsprung from noble blood, nor goddess-born,
But hewn from harden'd entrails of a rock!
And rough Hyrcanian tigers gave thee suck!
Why should I fawn? what have I worse to fear? Did he once look, or lent a list'ning ear,
Sigh'd when I sobb'd, or shed one kindly tear ? -
All symptoms of a base ungrateful mind,
So foul, that, which is worse, 'tis hard to find.
Of man's injustice why should I complain?
The gods, and Jove himself, behold in vain Triumphant treason; yet no thunder flies,
Nor Juno views my wrongs with equal eyes; Faithless is earth, and faithless are the sklesl Justice is fled, and Truth is now no morel
I sav'd the sh_pwrack'd exile on my shore;
With needful food his hungry Trojans fed;
? 170 DRYT)EN'8 TRANSLATIO_ OF _IP_IL
I took the traitor to my throne and bed:
Fool that I was--'t is httle to repeat
The rest--I stor'd and rigg'd his ruin'd fleet.
I rave, I ravel A god's command he pleads,
And makes Hcav'n accessary to his deeds.
Now Lycian lots, and now the Delian god,
Now Hermes is employ'd from Jove's abode,
To warn him hence; as if the peaceful state
Of heav'nly pow'rs were touch'd with human fate ! But go! thy flight no longer I detain--
Go seek thy promis'd kingdom thro' the main!
Yet, if the heav'ns will hear my pious vow,
The faithless waves, not half so false as thou,
Or secret sands, shall sepulchers afford
To thy proud vessels, and their perjur'd lord. Then shalt thou call on injur'd Dldo's name:
Dido shall come in a black sulph'ry flame,
When death has once dtssolv'd her mortal frame; Shall smile to see the traitor vainly weep:
Her angry ghost, arising from the deep,
Shall haunt thee waking, and disturb thy sleep.
At least my shade thy punishment shall know,
And Fame shall spread the pleasing news below. '_
Abruptly here she stops; then turns away Her loathing eyes, and shuns the sight of day.
Amaz'd he stood, revolving in his mind
What speech to frame, and what excuse to find. Her fearful maids their fainting mistress led, And softly laid her on her iv'ry bed.
But good _neas, tho' he much desir'd
To give that pity which her grief requir'd;
Tho' much he mourn'd, and labor'd with his loves Resolv'd at length, obeys the will of Jove;
Reviews his forces: they with early care
Unmoor their vessels, and for sea prepare.
The fleet is soon afloaL in all its pride,
And weU-calk'd galleys in the harbor ride.
Then oaks for oars they fell'd; or, as they stood, Of its green arms despoil'd the growing wood, Studious of flight. The beach is cover'd o'er
? THE FOURTH BOOK OF THE ? ENEIS _1_1 With Trojan bands, that blacken all the shore:
On ev'ry side are seen, descendmg down,
Thick swarms of soldiers, loaden from the town.
Thus, in battalia, march embodied ants,
Fearful of winter, and of future wants,
T' invade the corn, and to their cells convey
The plunder'd forage of their yellow prey.
The sable troops, along the narrow tracks,
Scarce bear the weighty burthen on their backs: Some set their shoulders to the pond'rous grain; Some guard the spoil; some lash the lagging traln_ All ply their sev'ral tasks, and equal toll sustain.
What pangs the tender breast of Dido tore, When, from the tow'r, she saw the cover'd shore, And heard the shouts of sailors from afar,
Mtx'd with the murmurs of the wat'ry war! All-pow'rful Love l what changes canst thou cause In human hearts, subjected to thy laws!
Once more her haughty soul the tyrant bends:
To pray'rs and mean submissions she descends.
No female arts or aids she left untried,
Nor counsels unexplor'd, before she died.
"Look, A_na! look! the Trojans crowd to sea; They spread their canvas, and their anchors weigh. The shouting crew their ships with garlands bind, Invoke the sea gods, and invite the wind.
Could I have thought this threat'ning blow so near, My tender soul had been forewarn'd to bear.
But do not you my last request deny;
With yon perfidious man your int'rest try,
And bring me news, if I must live or die.
You are his fay'rite; you alone can find
The dark recesses of his inmost mind:
In all his trusted secrets you have part,
And know the soft approaches to his heart.
Haste then, and humbly seek my haughty foe;
Tell him, I did not with the Grecians go,
Nor did my fleet against hls friends employ,
Nor swore the ruin of unhappy Troy,
Nor mov'd with hands profane his father's d_st:
? 172 DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION OF _IRGIL
Why should he then reject a suit so just!
Whom does he shun, and whither would he fly ! Can he this last, this only pray'r deny!
Let him at least his dang'rous flight delay,
Walt better winds, and hope a calmer sea.
The nuptials he dlsclaims I urge no more:
Let him pursue the promis'd Latian shore.
A short delay is all I ask him now;
A pause of grief, an interval from woe,
Till my soft soul be temper'd to sustain Aceustonfd sorrows, and inur'd to pain.
If you in pity grant this one request,
My death shall glut the hatred of his breast"
This mournful message pious Anna bears,
And seconds with her own her sister's tears:
Bat all her arts are still employ'd in vain;
Again she comes, and is refus'd again.
His harden'd heart nor pray'rs nor threat'nlngs move;
Fate, and the god, had stopp'd his ears to love. As, wEen the winds their airy quarrel try,
Justling from ev'ry quarter of the sky,
This way and that the mountain oak they bend,
His boughs they shatter, and his branches rend;
With leaves and falling mast they spread the ground; The hollow valleys echo to the sound:
Unmov'd, the royal plant their fury mocks,
Or, shaken, dings more closely to the rocks;
Far as he shoots his tow'ring head on high,
So deep m earth his fix'd foundations lie.
No less a storm the Trojan hero bears;
Thick messages and loud complaints he hears,
And ban&ed words, still beating on his ears.
Sighs, groans, and tears proclaim his inward pains;
But the firm purpose of his heart remains.
The wretched queen, pursued by cruel fate, Begins at length the light of heav'n to hate,
And loathes to live Then dire portents she sees, To hasten on the death her soul decrees:
Strange to relate l for when, before the shrine, She pours in sacrifice the purple wine,
? THE FOURTH BOOK OF THE B_lqEIS 173 The purple wine is turn'd to putrid blood,
And the white offer'd mdk converts to mud. This dire presage, to her alone reveal'd,
From all, and ev'n her sister, she conceal'd.
A marble temple stood within the grove,
Sacred to death, and to her murther'd love; That honor'd chapel she had hung around
With snowy fleeces, and with garlands crown'd: Oft, when she visited this lonely dome,
Strange voices issued from her husband's tomb; She thought she heard him summon her away, Invite her to his grave, and chide her stay. Hourly 'tis heard, when with a boding note
The solitary screech owl strains her throat,
And, on a chimney's top, or turret's height,
With songs obscene disturbs the silence of the night, Besides, old prophecies augment her fears;
And stern . _Eneas in her dreams appears,
Disdainful as by day: she seems, alone,
To wander in her sleep, thro' ways unknown,
Guideless and dark; or, in a desart plain,
To seek her subjects, and to seek in vain:
Like Pentheus, when, distracted with his fear,
He saw two suns, and double Thebes, appear;
Or mad Orestes, when his mother's ghost
Full in his face infernal torches toss'd,
And shook her snaky locks: he shuns the sight,
Flies o'er the stage, surpris'd with mortal fright;
The Furies guard the door and intercept his flight.
Now, sinking underneath a load of grief, From death alone she seeks her last relief;
The time and means resolv'd within her breast, She to her mournful sister thus address'd
(Dissembling hope, her cloudy front she dears, And a false vigor in her eyes appears) : "Rejoice I" she said. "Instructed from above, My lover I shall gain, or lose my love.
Nigh rising Atlas, next the falling sun, Long tracts of Ethiopian climates run" There a Massylian priestess I have found,
? 174 DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION OF VIRGIL
Honor'd for age, for magic arts renown'd:
Th' Hesperian temple was her trusted care;
'T was she supplied the wakeful dragon's fare. She poppy seeds in honey taught to steep, Reclaim'd his rage, and sooth'd him into sleep. She watch'd the golden fruit; her charms unbind The chains of love, or fix them on the mind :
She stops the torrents, leaves the channel dry, Repels the stars, and backward bears the sky. The yawning earth rebeUows to her call,
Pale ghosts ascend, and mountain ashes fall. Witness, ye gods, and thou my better part,
How loth I am to try this impious art
Within the secret court, with silent care,
Erect a lofty pile, expos'd in air:
Hang on the topmost part the Trojan vest, Spoils, arms, and presents, of my faithless guesL Next, under these, the bridal bed be plat'd, Where. I my ruin in his arms embrac'd: _%11relics of the wretch are doom'd to fire;
For so the priestess and her charms require. "
Thus far she said, and farther speech forbears; _Amortal paleness in her face appears:
Yet the mistrustless Anna could not find
The secret fun'ral in these rites design'd;
Nor thought so dire a rage possess'd her mind. Unknowing of a train conceal'd so well,
She fear'd no worse than when S1eh_eus fell; Therefore obeys. The fatal pile they rear, Within the secret court, expos'd in air.
The cloven holms and pines are heap'd on high, And garlands on the hollow spaces lie.
Sad cypress, vervain, yew, compose the wreath, And ev'ry baleful green denoting death.
The queen, determin'd to the fatal deed,
The spoils and sword he left, in order spread, 3knd the man's image on the nuptial bed.
And now (the sacred altars plac'd around)
The priestess enters, with her hair unbound,
And thrice invokes the pow'rs below the ground.
? T_R FOURTH BOOK OF THE _'N'EIg 175
Night, Erebus, and Chaos she proclaims,
And threefold Hecate, with her hundred names, And three Dianas: next, she sprinkles round
With feign'd Avernian drops the haUow'd ground; Culls hoary simples, found by Ph_be's light,
With brazen sickles reap'd at noon of night;
Then mixes baleful juices in the bowl,
And cuts the forehead of a newborn foal,
Robbing the mother's love. The destin'd queen Observes, assisting at the rites obscene;
A leaven'd cake in her devoted hands
She holds, and next the highest altar stands:
One tender foot was shod, her other bare;
Girt was her gather'd gown, and loose her hair.
Thus dress'd, she summon'd, with her dying breath, The heav'ns and planets conscious of her death,
And ev'ry pow'r, if any rules above,
Who minds, or who revenges, injur'd love.
'T was dead of night, when weary bodies close Their eyes in balmy sleep and soft repose:
The winds no longer whtsper thro' the woods, Nor murm'ring tides disturb the gentle floods.
The stars in stlent order mov'd around;
And Peace, with downy wings, was brooding on the Iground.
The flocks and herds, and party-color'd fowl, Which haunt the woods, or swim the weedy pool,
Stretch'd on the quiet earth, securely lay, Forgetting the past labors of the day.
All else of nature's common gift partake: Unhappy Dido was alone awake.
Nor sleep nor ease the furious queen can find; Sleep fled her eyes, as quiet fled her mind.
Despair, and rage, and love divide her heart;
Despair and rage had some, hut love the greater part.
Then thus she said within her secret mind: "What shall I do ? what succor can I find ? Become a suppliant to Hyarba's pride,
And take my turn, to court and be denied ? Shall I with this ungrateful Trojan go, Forsake an empire_ and attctai a fo_?
? 176 DRYDEN'S TRAI_SLATION OF VIRGIL Himself I refug'd, and his train relier'din
'T is true--but am I sure to be receiv'd ? Can gratitude in Trojan souls have place!
Laomedon stdl lives in all his race!
Then, shall I seek alone the churlish crew,
Or with my fleet their flying sails pursue?
What force have I but those whom scarce before I drew reluctant from their native shore ?
Wall they again embark at my desire,
Once more sustain the seas, and quit their second Tyre ?
Rather with steel thy gmlty breast invade, And take the fortune thou thyself hast made. Your pity, sister, first seduc'd my mind,
Or seconded too well what I design'd.
These dear-bought pleasures had I never known, Had I continued free, and still my owl_;
Avoiding love, I had not found despair,
But shar'd w_th salvage beasts the common air. Like the_a, a lonely life I might have Ied,
Not mourn'd the hying, nor disturb'd the dead " These thoughts she brooded m her anxious breast. On board, the TroJan found more easy rest. Resolv'd to sail, in sleep he pass'd the mght;
And order'd all things for his early flight.
To whom once more the winged god appears; His former youthful mien and shape he wears,
And with this new alarm invades his ears:
"SEep'st thou, 0 goddess-born! and canst thou drown
Thy needful cares, so near a hostile town,
Beset with foes; nor hear'st the western gales Invite thy passage, and inspire thy sails ?
She harbors in her heart a furious hate,
And thou shalt find the dire effects too late;
Fix'd on revenge, and obstinate to die.
Haste swiftly hence, while thou hast pow'r to fly. The sea with ships will soon be cover'd o'er,
And blazing firebrands kindle all the shore.
Prevent her rage, while night obscures the skies, And sail before the purple morn arise.
Who knows what hazards thy delay may bring ?
? TH/_ FOURTH BOOK OF THE _NEI8 177
Woman's a various and a changeful thing" Thus Hermes in the dream; then took his flight Aloft in air unseen, and mix'd with night.
Twice warn'd by the celestial messenger, The pious prince arose with hasty fear;
Then rous'd his drowsy train without delay:
"Haste to your banks; your crooked anchors weigh, And spread your flying sails, and stand to sea.
A god commands: he stood before my sight,
And urg'd us once again to speedy fllght.
O sacred pow'r, what pow'r soe'er thou art,
To thy blest orders I resign my heart.
Lead thou the way, protect thy Trojan bands, And prosper the design thy will commands"
He said" and, drawing forth his flaming sword, His thund'ring arm divides the many-twisted cord An emulating zeal respires his train:
They run; they snatch; they rush into the main. With headlong haste they leave the desert shores, And brush the liquid seas with lab'ring oars.
Aurora now had left her saffron bed,
And beams of early light the heav'ns o'erspread,
When, from a tow'r, the queen, with wakeful eyes, Saw day point upward from the rosy skies.
She look'd to seaward; but the sea was void, And scarce in ken the sailing ships descried.
Stung with despite, and furious with despair,
She struck her trembling breast, and tore her hair, "And shall th' ungrateful traitor go," she said, "My land forsaken, and my love betray'd?
Shall we not arm? not rush from ev'ry street,
To follow, sink, and burn his perjur'd fleet? Haste, haul my galleys out l pursue the foe!
Bring flaming brands! set sail, and swiftly row! What have I said? where am I? Fury turns
My brain; and my distemper'd bosom burns. Then, when I gave my persor, and my throne, This hate, this rage, had been more timely shown. See now the promis'd faith, the vaunted name, The pious man, who, rushing thro' the flame,
? 178 DRYD_'$ TBANSLATION OP VIRGIL Preserv'd his gods, and to the Phrygian shore
The burthen of his feeble father bore!
I should have torn him piecemeal; strow'd in floods
His scatter'd hmbs, or left expos'd in woods; Destroy'd his friends and son; and, from the fire, Have set the reeking boy before the sire.
Events are doubtful, which on battles wait:
Yet where's the doubt, to souls secure of fate? My Tyrians, at their mjur'd queen's command, Had toss'd thelr fires amid the Trojan band;
At once extinguish'd all the faithless name;
- And I myself, in vengeance of my shame,
Had fall'n upon the pile, to mend the fun'ral flame.
Thou Sun, who view'st at once the world below; Thou Juno, guardian of the nuptial vow;
Thou Hecate hearken from thy dark abodes!
Ye Furies, fiends, and violated gods,
All pow'rs invok'd with Dido's dying breath,
Attend hcf curses and avenge her death[
If so the Fates ordain, and Jove commands,
Th' ungrateful wretch should find the Latian lands, Yet let a race untam'd, and haughty foes,
His peaceful entrance with dire arms oppose: Oppress'd with numbers in th' unequal field,
His men discourag'd, and himself expell'd,
Let him for succor sue from place to place, Torn from his subjects, and his son's embrace. First, let him see his friends in battle slain,
And their untimely fate lament in vain;
And when, at length, the cruel war shall cease, On hard conditions may he buy his peace:
Nor let him then enjoy supreme command;
But fall, untimely, by some hostile hand,
And lie unburied on the barren sand[
These are my pray'rs, and this my dying will; And you, my Tyrians, ev'ry curse fulfil. Perpetual hate and mortal wars proclaim, Against the prince, the people, and the name. These grateful off'rings on my grave bestow; Nor league, nor love, the hostile nations know!
? THE FOURTH BOOK OF TH]_ _"J_Ifl |_
Now, and from hence, in ev'ry future age,
When rage excites your arms, and strength supplies the rage, Rise some avenger of our Libyan blood,
With fire and sword pursue the perjur'd brood;
Our arms, our seas, our shores, oppos'd to theirs;
And the same hate descend on all our heirs 1"
This said, within her anxious mind she weighs The means of cutting short her odious days.
Then to Sich_eus' nurse she briefly said
(For, when she left her country, hers was dead) : '. 'Go, Barce, call my sister. Let her care
The soIenm rites of sacrifice prepare;
The sheep, and all th' atoning off'rings, bring, Sprinkling her body from the crystal spring With living drops; then let her come, and thou With sacred fillets bind thy hoary brow.
Thus will I pay my vows to Stygian Jove, And end the cares of my disastrous love;
Then cast the Trojan image on the fire,
And, as that bums, my passions shall expire"
The nurse moves onward, with officious care, And all the speed her aged limbs can hear.
But furious Dido, with dark thoughts involv'd, Shook at the mighty mischief she resolv'd.
With hvid spots &stingulsh'd was her face;
Red were her rolling eyes, and discompos'd her pace; Ghastly she gaz'd, with pain she drew her breath, And nature shiver'd at approaching death.
Then swiftly to the fatal place she pass'd,
And mounts the fun'ral pile with furious haste; Unsheathes the sword the Trojan left behind
(Not for so dire an enterprise design'd).
But when she view'd the garments loosely spread, Which once he wore, and saw the conscious bed, She paus'd, and with a sigh the robes embrac'd; Then on the couch her trembling body cast, Repress'd the ready tears, and spoke her last:
"Dear pledges of my love, while Heav'n so pleas'd_ Receive a soul, of mortal anguish eas'd:
My fatal course is finish'd; and I go,
? M
DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION" OF VIRGIL
_A glorious name, among the ghosts below. A lofty city by my hands is rats'd,
Pygmalion punish'd, and my lord appeas'd.
What could my fortune have afforded more,
Had the false Trojan never touch'd my shore! " Then kiss'd the couch; and, "Must I die," she said, "And unreveng'd? 'Tis doubly to be dead[
Yet ev'n this death with pleasure I receive:
On any terms, 't is better than to live.
These flames, from far, may the false Trojan view; These boding omens his base flight pursue 1"
She said, and struck; deep enter'd in her side The piercing steel, with reeking purple dyed: Clogg'd m the wound the cruel weapon stands;
The spouting blood came streaming on her hands. Her sad attendants saw the deadly stroke,
And with lot_d cries the sounding palace shook. Distracted, from the fatal sight they fled,
And thra' the town the dismal rumor spread.
First from the frighted court the yell began; Redoubled, thence from house to house it ran:
The groans of men, with shrieks, laments, and crie$ Of mixing women, mount the vaulted skies.
Not less the clamor, than if--anclent Tyre, Or the new Carthage, set by foes on fire--
The rolling ruin, with their lov'd abodes, Involv'd the blazing temples of their gods.
Her sister hears; and, furious with despair,
She beats her breast, and rends her yellow hair, And, calling on Eliza's name aloud,
Runs breathless to the place, and breaks the crowd. "Was all that pomp of woe for this prepar'd;
These fires, this fun'ral pile, these altars rear'd ? Was all this train of plots contriv'd," said she, "All only to deceive unhappy me ?
Which is the worst? Didst thou in death pretend To scorn thy sister, or delude thy friend?
Thy summon'd sister, and thy friend, had come; One sword had serv'd us both, one common tomb: Was I to raise the pile, the pow'rs invoke,
? THE FOURTH BOOK OF THE _NEIS 181
Not to be present at the fatal stroke ?
At once thou hast destroy'd thyself and me,
Thy town, thy senate, and thy colony!
Bring water; bathe the wound; while I in death
Lay close my hps to hers, and catch the flying breath," Thls said, she mounts the ple with eager haste,
And in her arms the gasping queen embrac'd;
Her temples char'd; and her own garments tore,
To stanch the streaming blood, and cleanse the gore, Thrice Dido tried to raise her drooping head,
And, fainting thrice, fell grov'hng on the bed;
Thrice op'd her heavy eyes, and sought the light, But, having found it, sicken'd at the sight,
And clos'd her lids at last in endless mght,
Then Juno, grieving that she should sustain A death so ling'ring, and so full of pain,
Sent Iris down, to free her from the strife Of lab'ring nature, and dissolve her life
For since she died, not doom'd by Heav'n's decree, Or her own crime, but human casualty,
And rage of love, that plung'd her in despair,
The Sisters had not cut the topmost hair,
Which Proserpine and they can only know; Nor made her sacred to the shades below.
Downward the various goddess took her flight,
And drew a thousand colors from the light;
Then stood above the dying lover's head, And said: "I thus devote thee to the dead
This off'ring to th' infernal gods I bear. "
Thus while she spoke, she cut the fatal hair:
The strugglingsoulwas loos'd,and lifedissolv'idn a_'.
? THE FIFTH BOOK OF THE _/ENEI$
THE ARCUMENT. --. _EneaSs,etting sall from Afrie, is driven by z storm on the coasts of Sicily, where he Is hospltahly recelv'd by hls friend Acestes, king of part of the island, and born of Trojan parentage. He apphes himself to celebrate the memory of bJs father with dlvlne honors, and accordingly institutes funeral games, and appoints prlzes for those who should conquer m them. While the ceremonies were performing, Juno sends Iris to persuade the Trojan women to burn the ships, who, upon her instlgation, set fire to them ; which burnt four, and would have consum'd the rest, had not Jupi- ter, by a miraculous shower, extingulsh'd it. Upon this, ,_neas, by the advice of one of his generals, and a vision of his father, bmlds a clty for the women, old men, and others, who were either unfit for war, or weary of the voyage, and sails for Italy. Venus procures
of Neptune a safe voyage for him and all his men, excepting only his pilot Palinurus, who is unfortunately lost.
EANTIME the Trojan cuts his wat'ry way, Fix'd on his voyage, thro the curling sea;
Then, castmg back his eyes, with dire amaze, Sees on the Punic shore the mounting blaze.
The cause unknown; yet his presaging mind The fate of Dido from the fire divin'd;
He knew the stormy souls of womankind,
What secret springs their eager passions move,
How capable of death for injur'd love.
Dire auguries from hence the Trojans draw;
Till neither fires nor shining shores they saw.
Now seas and skies their prospect only bound;
An empty space above, a floating field around.
But soon the heav'ns with shadows were o'erspread ; A swelling cloud hung hov'ring o'er their head:
Livid it look'd, the threat'ning of a storm:
, 182
? ? HE FIFTH BOOK OF THE . _1_ lN
Then night and horror ocean's face deform.
The pilot, Palmurus, cried aloud:
"What gusts of weather from that gath'ring cloud My thoughts presage I Ere yet the tempest roars, Stand to your tackle, mates, and stretch your oars ; Contract your swelhng sails, and luff to wind. " The frighted crew perform the task assign'd.
Then, to his fearless chief: "Not Hear'n," said he, "Tho' Jove himself should promise Italy,
Can stem the torrent of this raging sea.
Mark how the shifting winds from west arise,
And what collected mght involves the skies1
Nor can our shaken vessels hve at sea,
Much less against the tempest force their way.
'T is fate diverts our course, and fate we must obey. Not far from hence, if I observ'd aright
The southing of the stars, and polar light, S_cilia lies, whose hospitable shores
In safety we may reach with struggling oars. " 2Eneas then replied: "Too sure I find
We strive in vain against the seas and wind:
Now shift your sails; what place can please me more Than what you promise, the Sicilian shore,
Whose hallow'd earth Anchises' bones contains, And where a prince of Trojan hneage reigns ? "
The course resolv'd, before the western wind They scud amain, and make the port ass_gn'd.
Meantime Acestes, from a lofty stand, Beheld the fleet descending on the land;
And, not unmindful of his ancient race, Down from the cliff he ran with eager pace, And held the hero in a strict embrace.
Of a rough Libyan bear the spoils he wore, And either hand a pointed jav'lin bore.
His mother was a dame of Dardan blood; His sire Crinisus, a S_cilian flood.
He welcomes his returning friends ashore
With plenteous country cates and homely store.
Now, when the following morn had ehas'd away The flying stars, and light restur'd the day,
? i big !
DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION' OF VIROIL _Eneas call'd the Trojan troops around,
And thus bespoke them from a rising ground: "Offspring of heav'n, divine Dardanian race ! The sun, revolving thro' th' ethereal space, The shining circle of the year has fill'd, Since first this isle my father's ashes held: And now the rising day renews the year;
A day for ever sad, for ever dear.
This would I celebrate with annual games,
With gifts on altars pil'd, and holy flames,
Tho' bamsh'd to Gzetulia's barren sands,
Caught on the Grecian seas, or hostile lands:
But since this happy storm our fleet has driv'n
(Not, as I deem, without the will of Hear'n)
Upon these friendly shores and flow'ry plains, Which hide Anchlses and his blest remains,
Let us with joy perform his honors due,
And pray for prosp'rous winds, our voyage to renew; Pray, that in towns and temples of our own,
The name of great Anchises may be known,
And yearly games may spread the gods' renown.
Our sports Acestes, of the Trojan race,
With royal gnfts ordain'd, is pleas'd to grace:
Two steers on ev'ry ship the king bestows;
His gods and ours shall share your equal vows Besides, if, nine days hence, the rosy morn
Shall with unclouded light the skies adorn,
That day with soleml_ sports I mean to grace: Light galleys on the seas shall run a wat'ry race; Some shall in swiftness for the goal contend,
And others try the twanging bow to bend ;
The strong, with iron gauntlets arm'd, shall stand Oppos'd in combat on the yellow sand
Let all be present at the games prepar'd,
And joyful victors wait the just reward.
But now assist the rites, with garlands crown'd. " He said, and first his brows with myrtle bound. Then Helymus, by his example led,
And old Acestes, each adorn'd his head;
Thus young Ascanius, with a sprightly grace,
? THE FIFTH BOOK OF THE ,_IqRIS I_
His temples tied, and all the Trojan race. . _neas then advanc'd amidst the train,
By thousands follow'd thro' the flow'ry plain,
To great Anchises' tomb; which when he founds
He pour'd to Bacchus, on the hallow'd ground,
Two bowls of sparkhng wine, of milk two more,
And two (from offer'd bulls) of purple gore,
With roses then the sepulcher he strow'd
And _as his father's ghost bespoke aloud:
"Hail, O ye holy manes I hail again,
Paternal ashes, now review'd in vain!
The gods permitted not, that you, with me,
Should reach the promis'd shores of Italy,
Or Tiber's flood, what flood soe'er it be. "
Scarce had he finish'd, when, with speckled pride,
A serpent from the tomb began to glide;
His hugy bulk on sev'n high volumes roll'd;
Blue was his breadth of back, but streak'd with scaly gold: Thus riding on his curls, he seem'd to pass
A rolling fire along, and singe the grass.
More various colors thro' his body run,
Than Iris when her bow imbibes the sun.
Betw,xt the rising altars, and around,
The sacred monster shot along the ground; With harmless play amidst the bowls he pass'd, And with his lolling tongue assay'd the taste: Thus fed with holy food, the wondrous guest Within the hollow tomb retir'd to rest.
The pious prince, surpris'd at what he view'd, The fun'ral honors with more zeal renew'd, Doubtful if this place's genius were,
Or guardian of his father's sepulcher.
Five sheep, according to the rites, he slew;
As many swine, and steers of sable hue;
New gen'rous wine he from the goblets pour'd. And eall'd his father's ghost, from hell restor'd. The glad attendants in long order come,
Off'rlng their gifts at great Anchises' tomb:
Some add more oxen; some divide the spoil; Some place the chargers on the grassy soil;
? DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION OF VIRGIL
Some blow the fires, and offer'd entrails broil.
Now came the day desir'd. The skies were bright
With rosy luster of the rising light:
The bord'ring people, rous'd by sounding fame Of Trojan feasts and great Acestes' name,
The crowded shore with acclamations fill,
Part to behold, and part to prove their skill.
And first the gifts in public view they place, Green laurel wreaths, and palm, the victors' grace: Within the circle, arms and tripods lie,
Ingots of gold and silver, heap'd on high,
And vests embroider'd, of the Tyrian dye.
The trumpet's clangor then the feast proclaims, And all prepare for their appointed games.
Four galleys first, which equal rowers bear, Advancing, in the wat'ry lists appear.
The speed_( Dolphin, that outstrips the wind, Bore Mnestheus, author of the Memmian kind: Gyas the vast Chim_era's bulk commands,
Which rising, like a tow'ring city stands;
Three Trojans tug at ev'ry lab'ring oar;
Three banks in three degrees the sailors bore ; Beneath their sturdy strokes the billows roar. Sergesthus, who began the Sergian race,
In the great Centaur took the leading place; Cloanthus on the sea-green Scylla stood,
From whom Cluentms draws his Trojan blood.
Far in the sea, against the foaming shore, There stands a rock: the raging b_llows roar
Above his head in storms ; but, when 't is clear, Uncurl their ridgy backs, and at his foot appear.
In peace below the gentle waters run;
The cormorants above he basking in the sun.
On this the hero fix'd an oak in sight,
The mark to guide the mariners aright.
To bear with this, the seamen stretch their oars;
Then round the rock they steer, and seek the former shores. The lots decide their place. Above the rest,
Each leader shining in his Tyrian vest;
The common crewwithwreathsofpoplarboughs
? THE FIFTH BOOK OF THE _NEI8 zS_
Their temples crown, and shade their sweaty brows: Besmear'd with oil, their naked shoulders shine.
All take thelr seats, and wait the sounding sign:
They gripe their oars; and ev'ry panting breast
Is rais'd by turns with hope, by turns with fear depress'd. The clangor of the trumpet glves the sign;
At once they start, advancing in a line:
With shouts the sailors rend the starry skies;
Lash'd wlth thelr oars, the smoky billows rise;
Sparkles the briny main, and the vex'd ocean fries. Exact in time, with equal strokes they row:
At once the brushing oars and brazen prow
Dash up the sandy waves, and ope the depths below.
Not fiery coursers, in a chariot race,
Invade the field with half so swift a pace;
Not the fierce driver with more fury lends
The sounding lash, and, ere the stroke descends,
Low to the wheels his pliant body bends.
The partial crowd their hopes and fears divide,
And aid with eager shouts the favor'd side.
Cries, murmurs, clamors, with a mixing sound,
From woods to woods, from hills to hills rebound.
Amidst the loud applauses of the shore, Gyas outstripp'd the rest, and sprang before: Cloanthus, better mann'd, pursued him fast,
But his o'er-masted galley check'd his haste. The Centaur and the Dolphin brush the brine With equal oars, advancing in a line;
And now the mighty Centaur seems to lead, And now the speedy Dolphin gets ahead;
Now board to board the rival vessels row,
The billows lave the skies, and ocean groans below.
They reach'd the mark. Proud Gyas and his train
In triumph rode, the victors of the main;
But, steering round, he charg'd his pilot stand
More close to shore, and skim along the sand--
"'Let others bear to sea l" Menoetes heard;
But secret shelves too cautiously he fear'd,
And, fearing, sought the deep; and still aloof he steer'd. With louder cries the captain call'd again:
? t;
! i
188 DRYDEN'S TRANSLATIOI_ OF VIRGIL "Bear to the rocky shore, and shun the main. "
He spoke, and, speaking, at his stern he saw The bold Cloanthus near the shelvings draw.
Betwixt the mark and h_m the Scylla stood, And in a closer compass plow'd the flood.
He pass'd the mark; aad, wheehng, got before: Gyas blasphem'd the gods, devoutly swore, Cried out for anger, and his hair he tore. Mindless of others' hves (so high was grown His rising rage) and careless of his own,
The trembling dotard to the deck he drew;
Then hoisted up, and overboard he threw:
This done, he seiz'd the helm; his fellows cheer'd, Turn'd short upon the shells, and madly steer'd.
Hardly his head the plunging pilot rears,
Clogg'd with his clothes, and cumher'd with his years:
Now dropping wet, he chmbs the chff with pain. The crowd, that saw him fall and float again,
? Shout from the distant shore; and loudly faugh'd,
To see lus heaving breast disgorge the briny drauglq The following Centaur, and the Dolphin's crew,
Their vanish'd hopes of victory renew;
Whde Gyas lags, they kindle in the race,
To reach the mark. Sergesthus takes the place; Mnestheus pursues; and whde around they wind, Comes up, not half his galley's length behind;
Then, on the deck, amidst his mates appear'd,
And thus their drooping courage he cheer'd:
"My friends, and Hector's followers heretofore,
Exert your vigor; tug the lab'ring oar;
Stretch to your strokes, my still unconquer'd crew, Whom from the flaming walls of Troy I drew.
In this, our common int'rest, let me find
That strength of hand, that courage of the mind,
As when you stemm'd the strong Malean flood,
And o'er the Syrtes' broken billows row'd.
I seek not now the foremost palm to gain;
Tho' yet--but, ah! that haughty wish is vain I Let those enjoy it whom the gods ordain.
But to be last, the lags of all the race l_
? THE FIFTH BOOK OF THE . _:NEIS 189
Redeem yourselves and me from that disgrace. " Now, one and all, they tug amain; they row
At the full stretch, and shake the brazen prow.
The sea beneath 'era sinks; thcir lab'ring sides
Are swell'd, and sweat runs gutt'ring down in tides. Chance aids their daring with unhop'd succcss;
Sergesthus, eager with his beak to press
Betwixt the rtval galley and the rock,
Shuts up th' unwieldly Centaur in the lock.
The vessel struck; and, with the dreadful shock,
Her oars she shiver'd, and her head she broke
The trembling rowers from their banks arise,
And, anxious for themselves, renounce the prize
With iron poles they heave her off the shores,
And gather from the sea their floating oars.
The crew of Mnestheus, with elated minds,
Urge their success, and call the willing winds;
Then ply their oars, and cut their liquid way
In larger compass on the roomy sea.
As, when the dove her rocky hold forsakes,
Rous'd in a fright, her sounding wings she shakes;
The cavern rings with clatt'ring; out she flies,
And leaves her callow care, and cleaves the skies:
At first she flutters; but at length she springs
To smoother flight, and shoots upon her wings:
So Mnestheus in the Dolphin cuts the sea;
And, flying with a force, that force assists his way Sergesthus in the Centaur soon he pass'd,
Wedg'd in the rocky shoals, and sticking fast.
In vain the victor he with cries implores,
And practices to row with shatter'd oars.
Then Mnestheus bears with Gyas, and outflies:
The ship, without a pilot, yields the prize.
Unvanquish'd Scylla now alone remains;
Her he pursues, and all his vigor strains.
Shouts from the fay'ring multitude arise;
Applauding Echo to the shouts replies;
Shouts, wishes, and applause run rattling thro' the skies. These clamors with disdain the Scylla heard,
Much grudg'd the praise, but more the robb'd reward:
? 190 DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION OF VIRGIL
Resolv'd to hold their own, they mend their pace, All obstinate to die, or gain the race.
Rais'd with success, the Dolphin swiftly ran;
For they can conquer, who believe they can.
Both urge their oars, and fortune both supplies, And both perhaps had shar'd an equal prize; When to the seas Cloanthus holds his hands,
And succor from the wat'ry pow'rs demands,. "Gods of the hquid realms, on which I row l
If, giv'n by you, the laurel brad my brow, Assist to make me guilty of my vow t
A snow-white bull shall on your shore be slain; His offer'd entrails cast into the main,
And ruddy wine, from golden goblets thrown,
Your grateful gift and my return shall own. "
The choir of nymphs, and Phorcus, from below, With virgin Panopea, heard his vow;
And o1_ Portunus, with hls breadth of hand, Push'd on, and sped the galley to the land.
Swift as a shaft, or winged wind, she flies, And, darting to the port, obtains the prize.
The herald summons all, and then proclaims Cloanthus conqu'ror of the naval games.
The prince with laurel crowns the victor's head, And three fat steers are to his vessel led,
The shlp's reward; w_th gen'rous wine beside,
And sums of silver, which the crew divide.
The leaders are dlstinguish'd from the rest; The victor honor'd with a nobler vest,
Where gold and purple stove in equal rows, And needlework its happy cost bestows.
There Ganymede is wrought with living art, Chasing thro' Ida's groves the trembling hart: Breathless he seems, yet eager to pursue; When from aloft descends, in open view,
The bird of Jove, and, sousing on his prey, With crooked talons bears the boy away.
In vain, with lifted hands and gazing eyes, His guards behold him soaringthro'the stdes_ And dogsi_ursue his flight with imitated crib,
? THE FIFTH BOOK OF TH_ . _NEIS I_
Mnestheus the second victor was declar'd;
And, summon'd there, the second prize he shar'd. A coat of mail, which brave Demoleus bore,
More brave _neas from his shoulders tore,
In single combat on the Trojan shore:
This was ordam'd for Mnestheus to possess;
In war for his defense, for ornament m peace.
Rich was the glft, and glorious to behold,
But yet so pond'rous wlth its plates of gold,
That scarce two servants could the weight sustain; Yet, loaded thus_ Demolehs o'er the plato
Pursued and hghtly seiz'd the Trojan tram.
The thlrd, succeeding to the last reward,
Two goodly bowls of massy silver shar'd,
With figures prominent, and richly wrought,
And two brass caldrons from Dodona brought.
Thus all, rewarded by the hero's hands,
Their conqu'ring temples bound with purple bands; And now Sergesthus, clearing from the rock, Brought back his galley shatter'd with the shock. Forlorn she look'd, without an aiding oar,
And, houted by the vulgar, made to shore.
As when a snake, surpns'd upon the road,
Is crush'd athwart her body by the load
Of heavy wheels; or with a mortal wound
Her belly bruis'd, and trodden to the ground:
? In vain, with Ioosen'd curls, she crawls along;
Yet, fierce above, she brandishes her tongue;
Glares with her eyes, and bristles with her scales;
But, groveling in the dust, her parts unsound she trails: So slowly to the port the Centaur tends,
But, what she wants in oars, with sails amends. Yet, for his galley say'd, the grateful prince
Is pleas'd th' unhappy chief to recompense. Pholoe, the Cretan slave, rewards his care, Beauteous herself, with lovely twins as fair.
From thence his way the Trojan hero bent
Into the neighb'rmg plato, with mountains pent,
Whose sides were shaded with surrounding woo_ Full in the midst of this fair valley stood
? 192 DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION OF VIRGIL
A nativetheater,which,risingslow
By justdegrees,o'erlook'dtheground below.
High onasylvanthronetheleadcrsate; A num'rous trainattendin solemn state.
Here thosethatintherapidcoursedelight, Deslre of honor and the prizeinvlte.
The rivalrunnerswithoutorderstand;
The Trojans mix'd with the S]cihan band.
First Nlsus, with Euryalus, appears; : Euryalus a boy of blooming years,
With sprightly grace and equal beauty crown'd; Nlsus, for friendship to the youth renown'd
Diores next, of Priam's royal race,
Then Sahus . joined with Patron, took their place; (But Patron in Arcadia had his birth,
And Salius his from Arcanaman earth;)
Then two Sicilian youths--the names of these, Swift Helymus, and lovely Panopes:
Both jolly huntsmen, both in forest bred,
And owmng old Acestes for their head;
With sev'ral others of ignobler name,
Whom time has not dehver'd o'er to fame.
To these the hero thus his thoughts explain'd, In words which gen'ral approbation gain'd" "One common largess is for all design'd,
(The vanquish'd and the vlctor shall be join'd,) Two darts of polish'd steel and Gnosian wood, A silver-studded ax, ahke bestow'd.
The foremost three have olive wreaths decreed: The first of these obtains a stately steed,
Adorn'd with tlappings; and the next in fame,
The quiver of an Amazonian dame,
With feather'd Thracian arrows well supphed:
A golden belt shall gird his manly side,
Which with a sparkling diamond shall be tied. The third this Grecian helmet shall content"
lie said. To their appointed base they went; With beating hearts th' expected sign receive, And, starting all at once, the barrier leave. Spread out Itson the winged winds,they flew,
? THE FIFTH BOOK OF THE . _NEIS 193
P_ad seiz'd the distant goal with greedy view. Shot from the crowd, swift Nisus all o'erpass'd; Nor storms, nor thunder, equal half his haste. The next, but tho' the next, yet far disjoin'd, Came Salius, and Euryalus behind;
Then Helymus, whom young Diores plied,
Step after step, and almost side by side,
His shoulders pressing; and, in longer space, Had won, or left at least a dubious race.
Now, spent, the goal they almost reach at last, When eager Nisus, hapless m his haste,
Slipp'd first, and, slippmg, fell upon the plain, Soak'd with the blood of oxen newly slain.
The careless victor had not mark'd his way;
But, treading where the treach'rous puddle lay,
His heels flew up; and on the grassy floor
He fell, besmear'd with filth and holy gore.
Not mindless then, Euryalus, of thee,
Nor of the sacred bonds of amity,
He strove th' immediate rival's hope to cross,
And caught the foot of Salius as he rose.
So Salius lay extended on the plain;
Euryalus springs out, the prize to gain,
And leaves the crowd: applauding peals attend
The victor to the goal, who vanquish'd by his friend. Next Helymus; and then Diores came,
By two m_sfortunes made the third in fame.
But Salius enters, and, exclaiming lo_d
For justice, deafens and disturbs the crowd; Urges his cause may in the court be heard; And pleads the prize is wrongfully conferr'd. But favor for Euryalus appears;
His blooming beauty, with his tender tears, Had brib'd the judges for the promis'd prize. Besides, Diores fills the court with cries,
Who vainly reaches at the last reward,
If the first palm on Salius be conferr'd.
Then thus the prince: "Let no disptttes arise: Where fortune plac'd it, I award the prize. But fortune's errors give me leave to mend,
? tc xttt. -4/
? 194 DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION OF VIRGIL
At least to pity my deserving friend. "
He said, and, from among the spoils, he draws
(Pond'rous with shaggy mane and golden paws) A lion's hide: to Salius this he gives.
Nisus with envy sees the gift, and grieves.
"If such rewards to vanqmsh'd men are due. " He said, "and falhng is to rise by you,
What prize may Nisus from your bounty clain_. Who merited the first rewards and fame?
In falling, both an equal fortune tried;
Would fortune for my fall so well provide ! "
With this he pointed to his face, and show'd
His hand and all his habit smear'd with blood.
Th' indulgent father of the people stuff'd,
And caus'd to be produc'd an ample shield,
Of wondrous art, by Didymaon wrought,
Long since from Neptune's bars in triumph brought. This giv'n to Nisus, he divides the rest,
And equal justice in his gifts express'd
The race thus ended, and rewards bestow'd, Once more the prince bespeaks th' attentive crowd:
"If there be h_re wi_ose dauntless courage dare In gauntlet-fight, with limbs and body bare, His opposite sustain in open view,
Stand forth the champion, and the games renew. Two prizes I propose, and thus divide:
A bull with gilded horns, and fillets tied,
Shall be the portion of the conqu'ring chief;
A sword and helm shall cheer the loser's grief. "
Then haughty Dares in the lists appears; Stalking he strides, hts head erected bears: His nervous arms the weighty gauntlet wield, And loud applauses echo thro' the field. Dares alone m combat us'd to stand
The match of mighty Paris, hand to hand; The same, at Hector's fun'rals, undertook Gigantic Butes, of th' Amycian stock,
And, by the stroke of his resistless hand, Stretch'_t the vast bulk upon the yellow sand. Such Dares was; and such he strode along,
? _TH BOOK OF THE _ENI_r$ 1_
And drew the wonder of the gazing throng.
His brawny back and ample breast he shows,
His lifted arms around his head he throws,
And deals in whistling air his empty blows.
His match is sought; but, thro' the trembling band, Not one dares answer to the proud demand. Presuming of his force, with sparkling eyes Already he devours the promis'd prize.
He claims the bull with awless insolence,
And having seiz'd his horns, accosts the prince:
"If none my matchless valor dares oppose, How long shall Dares wait his dastard foes? Permit me, chief, permit without delay,
To lead this uneontended gift away. "
The crowd assents, and with redoubled cries For tile proi_d challenger demands the prizd.
Acestes, fir'd with just disdain, to see
The palm usurp'd without a victory,
Reproach'd Entellus thus, who sate beside,
And heard and saw, unmov'd, the Trojan's pride: "Once, but in vain, a champion of renown,
So tamely can you bear the ravish'd crown,
A prize in triumph borne before your sight,
And shun, for fear, the danger of the fight?
Where is our Eryx now, the boasted name,
The god who taught your thund'ring arm the game? Where now your baffled honor? Where the spoil
That fill'd your house, and fame that fill'd our _ste_" Entellus, thus: "My soul is still the same,
Unmov'd with fear, and mov'd with martial fame; But my chill blood is curdled in my veins,
And scarce the shadow of a man remains.
O could I turn to that fair prime again,
That prime of which this boaster is so vain,
The brave, who this decrepid age defies,
Should feel my force, without the promis'd prize. "
He said; and, i'ising at the word, he threw Two pond'rous gauntlets down in open view;
Gauntlets which Eryx wont in fight to wield, And sheathe his hands with in the listed lidd.
? 196 DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION OF VIRGIL
With fear and wonder seiz'd, the crowd beholds
The gloves of death, with sev'n dlstinguish'd folds
Of tough bull hides; the space within is spread
With iron, or with loads of heavy lead:
Dares himself was daunted at the sight,
Renounc'd his challenge, and refus'd to fight. Astonish'd at their weight, the hero stands,
And pois'd the pond'rous engines in his hands.
"What had your wonder," said Entellus, "been,
Had you the gauntlets of Alcides seen,
Or view'd the stern debate on this unhappy green !
These which I bear your brother Eryx bore,
Still mark'd with batter'd brains and mingled gore.
With these he long sustain'd th' Herculean arm;
And these I wielded while my blood was warm,
This languish'd frame while better spirits fed,
Ere age unstrung my nerves, or time o'ersnow'd my head. But if the challenger these arms refuse,
And cannot wield their weight, or dare not use;
If great .
Who swaystheworldbelowandheav'nabove, Has sentme down withthisseverecommand:
What meansthyhng'ringintheLibyanland? If glor_cannotmove a mind so mean,
_or futurepraisefrom fittinpgleasurewean, Regardtheforttmesof thyrisingheir:
The promis'dcrown letyoung Ascaniuswear,
To whom th'Ausoniansceptera,nd thestate
Of Rome'simperialname isow'dby fate. "
So spokethegod; end,speakingt,ookhisflight, Involv'dincloudsa,nd vanish'doutof sight.
The piousprincewas seiz'wdithsuddenfear; Mute was histongue,and uprightstoodhishair. Revolving|n hismind the sterncommand,
He longstofly,andloathetshecharmingland. What shouldhe say? or how shoed he begin? What coursea,laslremainstosteerbetween
Th' oITcndedloverand thepow'rfalqueen? Thisway andthathetm'nshisanxiousmind, And allexpedienttsriesa,ndnonecanfind. Fix'don the deed,bat doubtfulof the means, Afterlong thought,to thisadvicehe leans: Three chiefshe callsc,ommands them to repair The fleeta,nd shiptheirmen withsilenctare; Some plausiblperetensehe bidsthem find,
To colorwhatinsecrethedesign'd.
? THE FOURTH BOOK OF _[_FIE_1_I8 1B
Himself, meantime, the softest hours would choose, Before the love-sick lady heard the news;
And move her tender mind, by slow degrees,
To suffer what the sov'reign pow'r decrees: Jove will inspire him, when, and what to say. They hear with pleasure, and with haste obey.
But soon the queen perceives the thin disguise: (What arts can blind a jealous woman's eyes ! )
She was the first to find the secret fraud, Before the fatal news was blaz'd abroad.
Love the first motions of the lover hears, Quick to presage, and ev'n in safety fears. Nor impious Fame was wanting to report
The ships repair'd, the Trojans' thick resort, And purpose to forsake the Tyrian court. Frantic with fear, impatient of the wound,
And impotent of mind, she roves the city round. Less wild the Bacchanalian dames appear,
When, from afar, their nightly god they hear,
And howl about the hills, and shake the wreathy spear
At length she finds the dear perfidious man; Prevents his form'd excuse, and thus began: "Base and ungrateful l could you hope to fly, And undiseover'd scape a lover's eye?
Nor could my kindness your compassion move, lgor plighted vows, nor dearer bands of love? Or is the death of a despairing queen
Not worth preventing, tho' too well foreseen? Ev'n when the wintry winds command your stay, You dare the tempests, and defy the sea.
False as you are, suppose you were not bound To lands unknown, and foreign coasts to sound;
Were Troy restor'd, and Priam's happy reign, Now durst you tempt, for Troy, the raging main?
See whom you fly! am I the foe you shun? Now, by those holy vows, so late begun,
By this right hand, (since I have nothing more To cballenge, but the faith you gave before ;)
I beg you by these tears too truly shed, By the new pleasures of our nuptial bed;
? m8 DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION OF VIRGIL
If ever Dido, when you most were kind,
Were pleasing in your eyes, or touch'd your mind; By these my pray'rs, if pray'rs may yet have place, Pity the fortunes of a falling race.
For you I have provok'd a tyrant's hate,
Incens'd the Libyan and the Tyrian state;
For you alone I suffer in my fame,
Bereft of honor, and expos'd to shame.
Whom have I now to trust, ungrateful guest?
(That only name remains of aU the rest ! )
What have I left? or whither can I fly?
Must I attend Pygmalion's cruelty,
Or till Hyarba shall in triumph lead
A queen that proudly scorn'd his proffer'd bed? Had you deferr'd, at least, your hasty flight, And left behind some pledge of our delight,
Some babe to bless the mother's mournful sight, Some yo_ung zl? neas, to supply your place, Whose features might express his father's face; I should not then complain to live bereft
Of all my husband, or be wholly left. "
Here paus'd the queen. Unmov'd he holds his eye. _
By Jove's command; nor suffer'd love to rise,
Tho' heaving in his heart; and thus at length replies: "Fair queen, you never can enough repeat
Your boundless favors, or I own my debt;
Nor can my mind forget Eliza's name,
While vital breath inspires this mortal frame.
This only let me speak in my defense:
I never hop'd a secret flight from hence,
Much less pretended to the lawful claim
Of sacred nuptials, or a husband's name.
For, if indulgent Heav'n would leave me fre_,
And not submit my life to fate's decree,
My choice would lead me to the Trojan shore,
Those relics to review, their dust adore,
And Priam's ruin'd palace to restore.
But now the Delphian oracle commands,
And fate invites me to the Latian lands.
That is the promis'd place to which I steer,
? THE FOURTH BOOK OF THE _IqEIS 169
And all my vows are terminated there.
If you, a Tyrian, and a stranger born,
Wifh walls and tow'rs a Libyan town adorn,
Why may not we--like you, a foreign race--
Like you, seek shelter in a foreign place?
As often as the night obscures the skies
With humid shades, or twinkling stars arise, Anchises' angry ghost in dreams appears,
Chides my delay, and fills my soul with fears;
And young Ascanius justly may complain
Of his defrauded fate and destin'd reign.
Ev'n now the herald of the gods appear'd:
Waking I saw him, and his message heard.
From Jove he came ? ommission'd, heav'nly bright With radiant beams, and manifest to sight
(The sender and the sent I both attest):
These walls he enter'd_ and those words express'd. Fair queen, oppose not what the gods command; Forc'd by my fate, I leave your happy land. "
Thus while he spoke, already she began,
With sparkling eyes, to view the guilty man;
From head to foot survey'd his person o'er,
Nor longer these outrageous threats forebore:
"False as thou art, and, more than false, forsworn ! 'N'otsprung from noble blood, nor goddess-born,
But hewn from harden'd entrails of a rock!
And rough Hyrcanian tigers gave thee suck!
Why should I fawn? what have I worse to fear? Did he once look, or lent a list'ning ear,
Sigh'd when I sobb'd, or shed one kindly tear ? -
All symptoms of a base ungrateful mind,
So foul, that, which is worse, 'tis hard to find.
Of man's injustice why should I complain?
The gods, and Jove himself, behold in vain Triumphant treason; yet no thunder flies,
Nor Juno views my wrongs with equal eyes; Faithless is earth, and faithless are the sklesl Justice is fled, and Truth is now no morel
I sav'd the sh_pwrack'd exile on my shore;
With needful food his hungry Trojans fed;
? 170 DRYT)EN'8 TRANSLATIO_ OF _IP_IL
I took the traitor to my throne and bed:
Fool that I was--'t is httle to repeat
The rest--I stor'd and rigg'd his ruin'd fleet.
I rave, I ravel A god's command he pleads,
And makes Hcav'n accessary to his deeds.
Now Lycian lots, and now the Delian god,
Now Hermes is employ'd from Jove's abode,
To warn him hence; as if the peaceful state
Of heav'nly pow'rs were touch'd with human fate ! But go! thy flight no longer I detain--
Go seek thy promis'd kingdom thro' the main!
Yet, if the heav'ns will hear my pious vow,
The faithless waves, not half so false as thou,
Or secret sands, shall sepulchers afford
To thy proud vessels, and their perjur'd lord. Then shalt thou call on injur'd Dldo's name:
Dido shall come in a black sulph'ry flame,
When death has once dtssolv'd her mortal frame; Shall smile to see the traitor vainly weep:
Her angry ghost, arising from the deep,
Shall haunt thee waking, and disturb thy sleep.
At least my shade thy punishment shall know,
And Fame shall spread the pleasing news below. '_
Abruptly here she stops; then turns away Her loathing eyes, and shuns the sight of day.
Amaz'd he stood, revolving in his mind
What speech to frame, and what excuse to find. Her fearful maids their fainting mistress led, And softly laid her on her iv'ry bed.
But good _neas, tho' he much desir'd
To give that pity which her grief requir'd;
Tho' much he mourn'd, and labor'd with his loves Resolv'd at length, obeys the will of Jove;
Reviews his forces: they with early care
Unmoor their vessels, and for sea prepare.
The fleet is soon afloaL in all its pride,
And weU-calk'd galleys in the harbor ride.
Then oaks for oars they fell'd; or, as they stood, Of its green arms despoil'd the growing wood, Studious of flight. The beach is cover'd o'er
? THE FOURTH BOOK OF THE ? ENEIS _1_1 With Trojan bands, that blacken all the shore:
On ev'ry side are seen, descendmg down,
Thick swarms of soldiers, loaden from the town.
Thus, in battalia, march embodied ants,
Fearful of winter, and of future wants,
T' invade the corn, and to their cells convey
The plunder'd forage of their yellow prey.
The sable troops, along the narrow tracks,
Scarce bear the weighty burthen on their backs: Some set their shoulders to the pond'rous grain; Some guard the spoil; some lash the lagging traln_ All ply their sev'ral tasks, and equal toll sustain.
What pangs the tender breast of Dido tore, When, from the tow'r, she saw the cover'd shore, And heard the shouts of sailors from afar,
Mtx'd with the murmurs of the wat'ry war! All-pow'rful Love l what changes canst thou cause In human hearts, subjected to thy laws!
Once more her haughty soul the tyrant bends:
To pray'rs and mean submissions she descends.
No female arts or aids she left untried,
Nor counsels unexplor'd, before she died.
"Look, A_na! look! the Trojans crowd to sea; They spread their canvas, and their anchors weigh. The shouting crew their ships with garlands bind, Invoke the sea gods, and invite the wind.
Could I have thought this threat'ning blow so near, My tender soul had been forewarn'd to bear.
But do not you my last request deny;
With yon perfidious man your int'rest try,
And bring me news, if I must live or die.
You are his fay'rite; you alone can find
The dark recesses of his inmost mind:
In all his trusted secrets you have part,
And know the soft approaches to his heart.
Haste then, and humbly seek my haughty foe;
Tell him, I did not with the Grecians go,
Nor did my fleet against hls friends employ,
Nor swore the ruin of unhappy Troy,
Nor mov'd with hands profane his father's d_st:
? 172 DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION OF _IRGIL
Why should he then reject a suit so just!
Whom does he shun, and whither would he fly ! Can he this last, this only pray'r deny!
Let him at least his dang'rous flight delay,
Walt better winds, and hope a calmer sea.
The nuptials he dlsclaims I urge no more:
Let him pursue the promis'd Latian shore.
A short delay is all I ask him now;
A pause of grief, an interval from woe,
Till my soft soul be temper'd to sustain Aceustonfd sorrows, and inur'd to pain.
If you in pity grant this one request,
My death shall glut the hatred of his breast"
This mournful message pious Anna bears,
And seconds with her own her sister's tears:
Bat all her arts are still employ'd in vain;
Again she comes, and is refus'd again.
His harden'd heart nor pray'rs nor threat'nlngs move;
Fate, and the god, had stopp'd his ears to love. As, wEen the winds their airy quarrel try,
Justling from ev'ry quarter of the sky,
This way and that the mountain oak they bend,
His boughs they shatter, and his branches rend;
With leaves and falling mast they spread the ground; The hollow valleys echo to the sound:
Unmov'd, the royal plant their fury mocks,
Or, shaken, dings more closely to the rocks;
Far as he shoots his tow'ring head on high,
So deep m earth his fix'd foundations lie.
No less a storm the Trojan hero bears;
Thick messages and loud complaints he hears,
And ban&ed words, still beating on his ears.
Sighs, groans, and tears proclaim his inward pains;
But the firm purpose of his heart remains.
The wretched queen, pursued by cruel fate, Begins at length the light of heav'n to hate,
And loathes to live Then dire portents she sees, To hasten on the death her soul decrees:
Strange to relate l for when, before the shrine, She pours in sacrifice the purple wine,
? THE FOURTH BOOK OF THE B_lqEIS 173 The purple wine is turn'd to putrid blood,
And the white offer'd mdk converts to mud. This dire presage, to her alone reveal'd,
From all, and ev'n her sister, she conceal'd.
A marble temple stood within the grove,
Sacred to death, and to her murther'd love; That honor'd chapel she had hung around
With snowy fleeces, and with garlands crown'd: Oft, when she visited this lonely dome,
Strange voices issued from her husband's tomb; She thought she heard him summon her away, Invite her to his grave, and chide her stay. Hourly 'tis heard, when with a boding note
The solitary screech owl strains her throat,
And, on a chimney's top, or turret's height,
With songs obscene disturbs the silence of the night, Besides, old prophecies augment her fears;
And stern . _Eneas in her dreams appears,
Disdainful as by day: she seems, alone,
To wander in her sleep, thro' ways unknown,
Guideless and dark; or, in a desart plain,
To seek her subjects, and to seek in vain:
Like Pentheus, when, distracted with his fear,
He saw two suns, and double Thebes, appear;
Or mad Orestes, when his mother's ghost
Full in his face infernal torches toss'd,
And shook her snaky locks: he shuns the sight,
Flies o'er the stage, surpris'd with mortal fright;
The Furies guard the door and intercept his flight.
Now, sinking underneath a load of grief, From death alone she seeks her last relief;
The time and means resolv'd within her breast, She to her mournful sister thus address'd
(Dissembling hope, her cloudy front she dears, And a false vigor in her eyes appears) : "Rejoice I" she said. "Instructed from above, My lover I shall gain, or lose my love.
Nigh rising Atlas, next the falling sun, Long tracts of Ethiopian climates run" There a Massylian priestess I have found,
? 174 DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION OF VIRGIL
Honor'd for age, for magic arts renown'd:
Th' Hesperian temple was her trusted care;
'T was she supplied the wakeful dragon's fare. She poppy seeds in honey taught to steep, Reclaim'd his rage, and sooth'd him into sleep. She watch'd the golden fruit; her charms unbind The chains of love, or fix them on the mind :
She stops the torrents, leaves the channel dry, Repels the stars, and backward bears the sky. The yawning earth rebeUows to her call,
Pale ghosts ascend, and mountain ashes fall. Witness, ye gods, and thou my better part,
How loth I am to try this impious art
Within the secret court, with silent care,
Erect a lofty pile, expos'd in air:
Hang on the topmost part the Trojan vest, Spoils, arms, and presents, of my faithless guesL Next, under these, the bridal bed be plat'd, Where. I my ruin in his arms embrac'd: _%11relics of the wretch are doom'd to fire;
For so the priestess and her charms require. "
Thus far she said, and farther speech forbears; _Amortal paleness in her face appears:
Yet the mistrustless Anna could not find
The secret fun'ral in these rites design'd;
Nor thought so dire a rage possess'd her mind. Unknowing of a train conceal'd so well,
She fear'd no worse than when S1eh_eus fell; Therefore obeys. The fatal pile they rear, Within the secret court, expos'd in air.
The cloven holms and pines are heap'd on high, And garlands on the hollow spaces lie.
Sad cypress, vervain, yew, compose the wreath, And ev'ry baleful green denoting death.
The queen, determin'd to the fatal deed,
The spoils and sword he left, in order spread, 3knd the man's image on the nuptial bed.
And now (the sacred altars plac'd around)
The priestess enters, with her hair unbound,
And thrice invokes the pow'rs below the ground.
? T_R FOURTH BOOK OF THE _'N'EIg 175
Night, Erebus, and Chaos she proclaims,
And threefold Hecate, with her hundred names, And three Dianas: next, she sprinkles round
With feign'd Avernian drops the haUow'd ground; Culls hoary simples, found by Ph_be's light,
With brazen sickles reap'd at noon of night;
Then mixes baleful juices in the bowl,
And cuts the forehead of a newborn foal,
Robbing the mother's love. The destin'd queen Observes, assisting at the rites obscene;
A leaven'd cake in her devoted hands
She holds, and next the highest altar stands:
One tender foot was shod, her other bare;
Girt was her gather'd gown, and loose her hair.
Thus dress'd, she summon'd, with her dying breath, The heav'ns and planets conscious of her death,
And ev'ry pow'r, if any rules above,
Who minds, or who revenges, injur'd love.
'T was dead of night, when weary bodies close Their eyes in balmy sleep and soft repose:
The winds no longer whtsper thro' the woods, Nor murm'ring tides disturb the gentle floods.
The stars in stlent order mov'd around;
And Peace, with downy wings, was brooding on the Iground.
The flocks and herds, and party-color'd fowl, Which haunt the woods, or swim the weedy pool,
Stretch'd on the quiet earth, securely lay, Forgetting the past labors of the day.
All else of nature's common gift partake: Unhappy Dido was alone awake.
Nor sleep nor ease the furious queen can find; Sleep fled her eyes, as quiet fled her mind.
Despair, and rage, and love divide her heart;
Despair and rage had some, hut love the greater part.
Then thus she said within her secret mind: "What shall I do ? what succor can I find ? Become a suppliant to Hyarba's pride,
And take my turn, to court and be denied ? Shall I with this ungrateful Trojan go, Forsake an empire_ and attctai a fo_?
? 176 DRYDEN'S TRAI_SLATION OF VIRGIL Himself I refug'd, and his train relier'din
'T is true--but am I sure to be receiv'd ? Can gratitude in Trojan souls have place!
Laomedon stdl lives in all his race!
Then, shall I seek alone the churlish crew,
Or with my fleet their flying sails pursue?
What force have I but those whom scarce before I drew reluctant from their native shore ?
Wall they again embark at my desire,
Once more sustain the seas, and quit their second Tyre ?
Rather with steel thy gmlty breast invade, And take the fortune thou thyself hast made. Your pity, sister, first seduc'd my mind,
Or seconded too well what I design'd.
These dear-bought pleasures had I never known, Had I continued free, and still my owl_;
Avoiding love, I had not found despair,
But shar'd w_th salvage beasts the common air. Like the_a, a lonely life I might have Ied,
Not mourn'd the hying, nor disturb'd the dead " These thoughts she brooded m her anxious breast. On board, the TroJan found more easy rest. Resolv'd to sail, in sleep he pass'd the mght;
And order'd all things for his early flight.
To whom once more the winged god appears; His former youthful mien and shape he wears,
And with this new alarm invades his ears:
"SEep'st thou, 0 goddess-born! and canst thou drown
Thy needful cares, so near a hostile town,
Beset with foes; nor hear'st the western gales Invite thy passage, and inspire thy sails ?
She harbors in her heart a furious hate,
And thou shalt find the dire effects too late;
Fix'd on revenge, and obstinate to die.
Haste swiftly hence, while thou hast pow'r to fly. The sea with ships will soon be cover'd o'er,
And blazing firebrands kindle all the shore.
Prevent her rage, while night obscures the skies, And sail before the purple morn arise.
Who knows what hazards thy delay may bring ?
? TH/_ FOURTH BOOK OF THE _NEI8 177
Woman's a various and a changeful thing" Thus Hermes in the dream; then took his flight Aloft in air unseen, and mix'd with night.
Twice warn'd by the celestial messenger, The pious prince arose with hasty fear;
Then rous'd his drowsy train without delay:
"Haste to your banks; your crooked anchors weigh, And spread your flying sails, and stand to sea.
A god commands: he stood before my sight,
And urg'd us once again to speedy fllght.
O sacred pow'r, what pow'r soe'er thou art,
To thy blest orders I resign my heart.
Lead thou the way, protect thy Trojan bands, And prosper the design thy will commands"
He said" and, drawing forth his flaming sword, His thund'ring arm divides the many-twisted cord An emulating zeal respires his train:
They run; they snatch; they rush into the main. With headlong haste they leave the desert shores, And brush the liquid seas with lab'ring oars.
Aurora now had left her saffron bed,
And beams of early light the heav'ns o'erspread,
When, from a tow'r, the queen, with wakeful eyes, Saw day point upward from the rosy skies.
She look'd to seaward; but the sea was void, And scarce in ken the sailing ships descried.
Stung with despite, and furious with despair,
She struck her trembling breast, and tore her hair, "And shall th' ungrateful traitor go," she said, "My land forsaken, and my love betray'd?
Shall we not arm? not rush from ev'ry street,
To follow, sink, and burn his perjur'd fleet? Haste, haul my galleys out l pursue the foe!
Bring flaming brands! set sail, and swiftly row! What have I said? where am I? Fury turns
My brain; and my distemper'd bosom burns. Then, when I gave my persor, and my throne, This hate, this rage, had been more timely shown. See now the promis'd faith, the vaunted name, The pious man, who, rushing thro' the flame,
? 178 DRYD_'$ TBANSLATION OP VIRGIL Preserv'd his gods, and to the Phrygian shore
The burthen of his feeble father bore!
I should have torn him piecemeal; strow'd in floods
His scatter'd hmbs, or left expos'd in woods; Destroy'd his friends and son; and, from the fire, Have set the reeking boy before the sire.
Events are doubtful, which on battles wait:
Yet where's the doubt, to souls secure of fate? My Tyrians, at their mjur'd queen's command, Had toss'd thelr fires amid the Trojan band;
At once extinguish'd all the faithless name;
- And I myself, in vengeance of my shame,
Had fall'n upon the pile, to mend the fun'ral flame.
Thou Sun, who view'st at once the world below; Thou Juno, guardian of the nuptial vow;
Thou Hecate hearken from thy dark abodes!
Ye Furies, fiends, and violated gods,
All pow'rs invok'd with Dido's dying breath,
Attend hcf curses and avenge her death[
If so the Fates ordain, and Jove commands,
Th' ungrateful wretch should find the Latian lands, Yet let a race untam'd, and haughty foes,
His peaceful entrance with dire arms oppose: Oppress'd with numbers in th' unequal field,
His men discourag'd, and himself expell'd,
Let him for succor sue from place to place, Torn from his subjects, and his son's embrace. First, let him see his friends in battle slain,
And their untimely fate lament in vain;
And when, at length, the cruel war shall cease, On hard conditions may he buy his peace:
Nor let him then enjoy supreme command;
But fall, untimely, by some hostile hand,
And lie unburied on the barren sand[
These are my pray'rs, and this my dying will; And you, my Tyrians, ev'ry curse fulfil. Perpetual hate and mortal wars proclaim, Against the prince, the people, and the name. These grateful off'rings on my grave bestow; Nor league, nor love, the hostile nations know!
? THE FOURTH BOOK OF TH]_ _"J_Ifl |_
Now, and from hence, in ev'ry future age,
When rage excites your arms, and strength supplies the rage, Rise some avenger of our Libyan blood,
With fire and sword pursue the perjur'd brood;
Our arms, our seas, our shores, oppos'd to theirs;
And the same hate descend on all our heirs 1"
This said, within her anxious mind she weighs The means of cutting short her odious days.
Then to Sich_eus' nurse she briefly said
(For, when she left her country, hers was dead) : '. 'Go, Barce, call my sister. Let her care
The soIenm rites of sacrifice prepare;
The sheep, and all th' atoning off'rings, bring, Sprinkling her body from the crystal spring With living drops; then let her come, and thou With sacred fillets bind thy hoary brow.
Thus will I pay my vows to Stygian Jove, And end the cares of my disastrous love;
Then cast the Trojan image on the fire,
And, as that bums, my passions shall expire"
The nurse moves onward, with officious care, And all the speed her aged limbs can hear.
But furious Dido, with dark thoughts involv'd, Shook at the mighty mischief she resolv'd.
With hvid spots &stingulsh'd was her face;
Red were her rolling eyes, and discompos'd her pace; Ghastly she gaz'd, with pain she drew her breath, And nature shiver'd at approaching death.
Then swiftly to the fatal place she pass'd,
And mounts the fun'ral pile with furious haste; Unsheathes the sword the Trojan left behind
(Not for so dire an enterprise design'd).
But when she view'd the garments loosely spread, Which once he wore, and saw the conscious bed, She paus'd, and with a sigh the robes embrac'd; Then on the couch her trembling body cast, Repress'd the ready tears, and spoke her last:
"Dear pledges of my love, while Heav'n so pleas'd_ Receive a soul, of mortal anguish eas'd:
My fatal course is finish'd; and I go,
? M
DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION" OF VIRGIL
_A glorious name, among the ghosts below. A lofty city by my hands is rats'd,
Pygmalion punish'd, and my lord appeas'd.
What could my fortune have afforded more,
Had the false Trojan never touch'd my shore! " Then kiss'd the couch; and, "Must I die," she said, "And unreveng'd? 'Tis doubly to be dead[
Yet ev'n this death with pleasure I receive:
On any terms, 't is better than to live.
These flames, from far, may the false Trojan view; These boding omens his base flight pursue 1"
She said, and struck; deep enter'd in her side The piercing steel, with reeking purple dyed: Clogg'd m the wound the cruel weapon stands;
The spouting blood came streaming on her hands. Her sad attendants saw the deadly stroke,
And with lot_d cries the sounding palace shook. Distracted, from the fatal sight they fled,
And thra' the town the dismal rumor spread.
First from the frighted court the yell began; Redoubled, thence from house to house it ran:
The groans of men, with shrieks, laments, and crie$ Of mixing women, mount the vaulted skies.
Not less the clamor, than if--anclent Tyre, Or the new Carthage, set by foes on fire--
The rolling ruin, with their lov'd abodes, Involv'd the blazing temples of their gods.
Her sister hears; and, furious with despair,
She beats her breast, and rends her yellow hair, And, calling on Eliza's name aloud,
Runs breathless to the place, and breaks the crowd. "Was all that pomp of woe for this prepar'd;
These fires, this fun'ral pile, these altars rear'd ? Was all this train of plots contriv'd," said she, "All only to deceive unhappy me ?
Which is the worst? Didst thou in death pretend To scorn thy sister, or delude thy friend?
Thy summon'd sister, and thy friend, had come; One sword had serv'd us both, one common tomb: Was I to raise the pile, the pow'rs invoke,
? THE FOURTH BOOK OF THE _NEIS 181
Not to be present at the fatal stroke ?
At once thou hast destroy'd thyself and me,
Thy town, thy senate, and thy colony!
Bring water; bathe the wound; while I in death
Lay close my hps to hers, and catch the flying breath," Thls said, she mounts the ple with eager haste,
And in her arms the gasping queen embrac'd;
Her temples char'd; and her own garments tore,
To stanch the streaming blood, and cleanse the gore, Thrice Dido tried to raise her drooping head,
And, fainting thrice, fell grov'hng on the bed;
Thrice op'd her heavy eyes, and sought the light, But, having found it, sicken'd at the sight,
And clos'd her lids at last in endless mght,
Then Juno, grieving that she should sustain A death so ling'ring, and so full of pain,
Sent Iris down, to free her from the strife Of lab'ring nature, and dissolve her life
For since she died, not doom'd by Heav'n's decree, Or her own crime, but human casualty,
And rage of love, that plung'd her in despair,
The Sisters had not cut the topmost hair,
Which Proserpine and they can only know; Nor made her sacred to the shades below.
Downward the various goddess took her flight,
And drew a thousand colors from the light;
Then stood above the dying lover's head, And said: "I thus devote thee to the dead
This off'ring to th' infernal gods I bear. "
Thus while she spoke, she cut the fatal hair:
The strugglingsoulwas loos'd,and lifedissolv'idn a_'.
? THE FIFTH BOOK OF THE _/ENEI$
THE ARCUMENT. --. _EneaSs,etting sall from Afrie, is driven by z storm on the coasts of Sicily, where he Is hospltahly recelv'd by hls friend Acestes, king of part of the island, and born of Trojan parentage. He apphes himself to celebrate the memory of bJs father with dlvlne honors, and accordingly institutes funeral games, and appoints prlzes for those who should conquer m them. While the ceremonies were performing, Juno sends Iris to persuade the Trojan women to burn the ships, who, upon her instlgation, set fire to them ; which burnt four, and would have consum'd the rest, had not Jupi- ter, by a miraculous shower, extingulsh'd it. Upon this, ,_neas, by the advice of one of his generals, and a vision of his father, bmlds a clty for the women, old men, and others, who were either unfit for war, or weary of the voyage, and sails for Italy. Venus procures
of Neptune a safe voyage for him and all his men, excepting only his pilot Palinurus, who is unfortunately lost.
EANTIME the Trojan cuts his wat'ry way, Fix'd on his voyage, thro the curling sea;
Then, castmg back his eyes, with dire amaze, Sees on the Punic shore the mounting blaze.
The cause unknown; yet his presaging mind The fate of Dido from the fire divin'd;
He knew the stormy souls of womankind,
What secret springs their eager passions move,
How capable of death for injur'd love.
Dire auguries from hence the Trojans draw;
Till neither fires nor shining shores they saw.
Now seas and skies their prospect only bound;
An empty space above, a floating field around.
But soon the heav'ns with shadows were o'erspread ; A swelling cloud hung hov'ring o'er their head:
Livid it look'd, the threat'ning of a storm:
, 182
? ? HE FIFTH BOOK OF THE . _1_ lN
Then night and horror ocean's face deform.
The pilot, Palmurus, cried aloud:
"What gusts of weather from that gath'ring cloud My thoughts presage I Ere yet the tempest roars, Stand to your tackle, mates, and stretch your oars ; Contract your swelhng sails, and luff to wind. " The frighted crew perform the task assign'd.
Then, to his fearless chief: "Not Hear'n," said he, "Tho' Jove himself should promise Italy,
Can stem the torrent of this raging sea.
Mark how the shifting winds from west arise,
And what collected mght involves the skies1
Nor can our shaken vessels hve at sea,
Much less against the tempest force their way.
'T is fate diverts our course, and fate we must obey. Not far from hence, if I observ'd aright
The southing of the stars, and polar light, S_cilia lies, whose hospitable shores
In safety we may reach with struggling oars. " 2Eneas then replied: "Too sure I find
We strive in vain against the seas and wind:
Now shift your sails; what place can please me more Than what you promise, the Sicilian shore,
Whose hallow'd earth Anchises' bones contains, And where a prince of Trojan hneage reigns ? "
The course resolv'd, before the western wind They scud amain, and make the port ass_gn'd.
Meantime Acestes, from a lofty stand, Beheld the fleet descending on the land;
And, not unmindful of his ancient race, Down from the cliff he ran with eager pace, And held the hero in a strict embrace.
Of a rough Libyan bear the spoils he wore, And either hand a pointed jav'lin bore.
His mother was a dame of Dardan blood; His sire Crinisus, a S_cilian flood.
He welcomes his returning friends ashore
With plenteous country cates and homely store.
Now, when the following morn had ehas'd away The flying stars, and light restur'd the day,
? i big !
DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION' OF VIROIL _Eneas call'd the Trojan troops around,
And thus bespoke them from a rising ground: "Offspring of heav'n, divine Dardanian race ! The sun, revolving thro' th' ethereal space, The shining circle of the year has fill'd, Since first this isle my father's ashes held: And now the rising day renews the year;
A day for ever sad, for ever dear.
This would I celebrate with annual games,
With gifts on altars pil'd, and holy flames,
Tho' bamsh'd to Gzetulia's barren sands,
Caught on the Grecian seas, or hostile lands:
But since this happy storm our fleet has driv'n
(Not, as I deem, without the will of Hear'n)
Upon these friendly shores and flow'ry plains, Which hide Anchlses and his blest remains,
Let us with joy perform his honors due,
And pray for prosp'rous winds, our voyage to renew; Pray, that in towns and temples of our own,
The name of great Anchises may be known,
And yearly games may spread the gods' renown.
Our sports Acestes, of the Trojan race,
With royal gnfts ordain'd, is pleas'd to grace:
Two steers on ev'ry ship the king bestows;
His gods and ours shall share your equal vows Besides, if, nine days hence, the rosy morn
Shall with unclouded light the skies adorn,
That day with soleml_ sports I mean to grace: Light galleys on the seas shall run a wat'ry race; Some shall in swiftness for the goal contend,
And others try the twanging bow to bend ;
The strong, with iron gauntlets arm'd, shall stand Oppos'd in combat on the yellow sand
Let all be present at the games prepar'd,
And joyful victors wait the just reward.
But now assist the rites, with garlands crown'd. " He said, and first his brows with myrtle bound. Then Helymus, by his example led,
And old Acestes, each adorn'd his head;
Thus young Ascanius, with a sprightly grace,
? THE FIFTH BOOK OF THE ,_IqRIS I_
His temples tied, and all the Trojan race. . _neas then advanc'd amidst the train,
By thousands follow'd thro' the flow'ry plain,
To great Anchises' tomb; which when he founds
He pour'd to Bacchus, on the hallow'd ground,
Two bowls of sparkhng wine, of milk two more,
And two (from offer'd bulls) of purple gore,
With roses then the sepulcher he strow'd
And _as his father's ghost bespoke aloud:
"Hail, O ye holy manes I hail again,
Paternal ashes, now review'd in vain!
The gods permitted not, that you, with me,
Should reach the promis'd shores of Italy,
Or Tiber's flood, what flood soe'er it be. "
Scarce had he finish'd, when, with speckled pride,
A serpent from the tomb began to glide;
His hugy bulk on sev'n high volumes roll'd;
Blue was his breadth of back, but streak'd with scaly gold: Thus riding on his curls, he seem'd to pass
A rolling fire along, and singe the grass.
More various colors thro' his body run,
Than Iris when her bow imbibes the sun.
Betw,xt the rising altars, and around,
The sacred monster shot along the ground; With harmless play amidst the bowls he pass'd, And with his lolling tongue assay'd the taste: Thus fed with holy food, the wondrous guest Within the hollow tomb retir'd to rest.
The pious prince, surpris'd at what he view'd, The fun'ral honors with more zeal renew'd, Doubtful if this place's genius were,
Or guardian of his father's sepulcher.
Five sheep, according to the rites, he slew;
As many swine, and steers of sable hue;
New gen'rous wine he from the goblets pour'd. And eall'd his father's ghost, from hell restor'd. The glad attendants in long order come,
Off'rlng their gifts at great Anchises' tomb:
Some add more oxen; some divide the spoil; Some place the chargers on the grassy soil;
? DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION OF VIRGIL
Some blow the fires, and offer'd entrails broil.
Now came the day desir'd. The skies were bright
With rosy luster of the rising light:
The bord'ring people, rous'd by sounding fame Of Trojan feasts and great Acestes' name,
The crowded shore with acclamations fill,
Part to behold, and part to prove their skill.
And first the gifts in public view they place, Green laurel wreaths, and palm, the victors' grace: Within the circle, arms and tripods lie,
Ingots of gold and silver, heap'd on high,
And vests embroider'd, of the Tyrian dye.
The trumpet's clangor then the feast proclaims, And all prepare for their appointed games.
Four galleys first, which equal rowers bear, Advancing, in the wat'ry lists appear.
The speed_( Dolphin, that outstrips the wind, Bore Mnestheus, author of the Memmian kind: Gyas the vast Chim_era's bulk commands,
Which rising, like a tow'ring city stands;
Three Trojans tug at ev'ry lab'ring oar;
Three banks in three degrees the sailors bore ; Beneath their sturdy strokes the billows roar. Sergesthus, who began the Sergian race,
In the great Centaur took the leading place; Cloanthus on the sea-green Scylla stood,
From whom Cluentms draws his Trojan blood.
Far in the sea, against the foaming shore, There stands a rock: the raging b_llows roar
Above his head in storms ; but, when 't is clear, Uncurl their ridgy backs, and at his foot appear.
In peace below the gentle waters run;
The cormorants above he basking in the sun.
On this the hero fix'd an oak in sight,
The mark to guide the mariners aright.
To bear with this, the seamen stretch their oars;
Then round the rock they steer, and seek the former shores. The lots decide their place. Above the rest,
Each leader shining in his Tyrian vest;
The common crewwithwreathsofpoplarboughs
? THE FIFTH BOOK OF THE _NEI8 zS_
Their temples crown, and shade their sweaty brows: Besmear'd with oil, their naked shoulders shine.
All take thelr seats, and wait the sounding sign:
They gripe their oars; and ev'ry panting breast
Is rais'd by turns with hope, by turns with fear depress'd. The clangor of the trumpet glves the sign;
At once they start, advancing in a line:
With shouts the sailors rend the starry skies;
Lash'd wlth thelr oars, the smoky billows rise;
Sparkles the briny main, and the vex'd ocean fries. Exact in time, with equal strokes they row:
At once the brushing oars and brazen prow
Dash up the sandy waves, and ope the depths below.
Not fiery coursers, in a chariot race,
Invade the field with half so swift a pace;
Not the fierce driver with more fury lends
The sounding lash, and, ere the stroke descends,
Low to the wheels his pliant body bends.
The partial crowd their hopes and fears divide,
And aid with eager shouts the favor'd side.
Cries, murmurs, clamors, with a mixing sound,
From woods to woods, from hills to hills rebound.
Amidst the loud applauses of the shore, Gyas outstripp'd the rest, and sprang before: Cloanthus, better mann'd, pursued him fast,
But his o'er-masted galley check'd his haste. The Centaur and the Dolphin brush the brine With equal oars, advancing in a line;
And now the mighty Centaur seems to lead, And now the speedy Dolphin gets ahead;
Now board to board the rival vessels row,
The billows lave the skies, and ocean groans below.
They reach'd the mark. Proud Gyas and his train
In triumph rode, the victors of the main;
But, steering round, he charg'd his pilot stand
More close to shore, and skim along the sand--
"'Let others bear to sea l" Menoetes heard;
But secret shelves too cautiously he fear'd,
And, fearing, sought the deep; and still aloof he steer'd. With louder cries the captain call'd again:
? t;
! i
188 DRYDEN'S TRANSLATIOI_ OF VIRGIL "Bear to the rocky shore, and shun the main. "
He spoke, and, speaking, at his stern he saw The bold Cloanthus near the shelvings draw.
Betwixt the mark and h_m the Scylla stood, And in a closer compass plow'd the flood.
He pass'd the mark; aad, wheehng, got before: Gyas blasphem'd the gods, devoutly swore, Cried out for anger, and his hair he tore. Mindless of others' hves (so high was grown His rising rage) and careless of his own,
The trembling dotard to the deck he drew;
Then hoisted up, and overboard he threw:
This done, he seiz'd the helm; his fellows cheer'd, Turn'd short upon the shells, and madly steer'd.
Hardly his head the plunging pilot rears,
Clogg'd with his clothes, and cumher'd with his years:
Now dropping wet, he chmbs the chff with pain. The crowd, that saw him fall and float again,
? Shout from the distant shore; and loudly faugh'd,
To see lus heaving breast disgorge the briny drauglq The following Centaur, and the Dolphin's crew,
Their vanish'd hopes of victory renew;
Whde Gyas lags, they kindle in the race,
To reach the mark. Sergesthus takes the place; Mnestheus pursues; and whde around they wind, Comes up, not half his galley's length behind;
Then, on the deck, amidst his mates appear'd,
And thus their drooping courage he cheer'd:
"My friends, and Hector's followers heretofore,
Exert your vigor; tug the lab'ring oar;
Stretch to your strokes, my still unconquer'd crew, Whom from the flaming walls of Troy I drew.
In this, our common int'rest, let me find
That strength of hand, that courage of the mind,
As when you stemm'd the strong Malean flood,
And o'er the Syrtes' broken billows row'd.
I seek not now the foremost palm to gain;
Tho' yet--but, ah! that haughty wish is vain I Let those enjoy it whom the gods ordain.
But to be last, the lags of all the race l_
? THE FIFTH BOOK OF THE . _:NEIS 189
Redeem yourselves and me from that disgrace. " Now, one and all, they tug amain; they row
At the full stretch, and shake the brazen prow.
The sea beneath 'era sinks; thcir lab'ring sides
Are swell'd, and sweat runs gutt'ring down in tides. Chance aids their daring with unhop'd succcss;
Sergesthus, eager with his beak to press
Betwixt the rtval galley and the rock,
Shuts up th' unwieldly Centaur in the lock.
The vessel struck; and, with the dreadful shock,
Her oars she shiver'd, and her head she broke
The trembling rowers from their banks arise,
And, anxious for themselves, renounce the prize
With iron poles they heave her off the shores,
And gather from the sea their floating oars.
The crew of Mnestheus, with elated minds,
Urge their success, and call the willing winds;
Then ply their oars, and cut their liquid way
In larger compass on the roomy sea.
As, when the dove her rocky hold forsakes,
Rous'd in a fright, her sounding wings she shakes;
The cavern rings with clatt'ring; out she flies,
And leaves her callow care, and cleaves the skies:
At first she flutters; but at length she springs
To smoother flight, and shoots upon her wings:
So Mnestheus in the Dolphin cuts the sea;
And, flying with a force, that force assists his way Sergesthus in the Centaur soon he pass'd,
Wedg'd in the rocky shoals, and sticking fast.
In vain the victor he with cries implores,
And practices to row with shatter'd oars.
Then Mnestheus bears with Gyas, and outflies:
The ship, without a pilot, yields the prize.
Unvanquish'd Scylla now alone remains;
Her he pursues, and all his vigor strains.
Shouts from the fay'ring multitude arise;
Applauding Echo to the shouts replies;
Shouts, wishes, and applause run rattling thro' the skies. These clamors with disdain the Scylla heard,
Much grudg'd the praise, but more the robb'd reward:
? 190 DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION OF VIRGIL
Resolv'd to hold their own, they mend their pace, All obstinate to die, or gain the race.
Rais'd with success, the Dolphin swiftly ran;
For they can conquer, who believe they can.
Both urge their oars, and fortune both supplies, And both perhaps had shar'd an equal prize; When to the seas Cloanthus holds his hands,
And succor from the wat'ry pow'rs demands,. "Gods of the hquid realms, on which I row l
If, giv'n by you, the laurel brad my brow, Assist to make me guilty of my vow t
A snow-white bull shall on your shore be slain; His offer'd entrails cast into the main,
And ruddy wine, from golden goblets thrown,
Your grateful gift and my return shall own. "
The choir of nymphs, and Phorcus, from below, With virgin Panopea, heard his vow;
And o1_ Portunus, with hls breadth of hand, Push'd on, and sped the galley to the land.
Swift as a shaft, or winged wind, she flies, And, darting to the port, obtains the prize.
The herald summons all, and then proclaims Cloanthus conqu'ror of the naval games.
The prince with laurel crowns the victor's head, And three fat steers are to his vessel led,
The shlp's reward; w_th gen'rous wine beside,
And sums of silver, which the crew divide.
The leaders are dlstinguish'd from the rest; The victor honor'd with a nobler vest,
Where gold and purple stove in equal rows, And needlework its happy cost bestows.
There Ganymede is wrought with living art, Chasing thro' Ida's groves the trembling hart: Breathless he seems, yet eager to pursue; When from aloft descends, in open view,
The bird of Jove, and, sousing on his prey, With crooked talons bears the boy away.
In vain, with lifted hands and gazing eyes, His guards behold him soaringthro'the stdes_ And dogsi_ursue his flight with imitated crib,
? THE FIFTH BOOK OF TH_ . _NEIS I_
Mnestheus the second victor was declar'd;
And, summon'd there, the second prize he shar'd. A coat of mail, which brave Demoleus bore,
More brave _neas from his shoulders tore,
In single combat on the Trojan shore:
This was ordam'd for Mnestheus to possess;
In war for his defense, for ornament m peace.
Rich was the glft, and glorious to behold,
But yet so pond'rous wlth its plates of gold,
That scarce two servants could the weight sustain; Yet, loaded thus_ Demolehs o'er the plato
Pursued and hghtly seiz'd the Trojan tram.
The thlrd, succeeding to the last reward,
Two goodly bowls of massy silver shar'd,
With figures prominent, and richly wrought,
And two brass caldrons from Dodona brought.
Thus all, rewarded by the hero's hands,
Their conqu'ring temples bound with purple bands; And now Sergesthus, clearing from the rock, Brought back his galley shatter'd with the shock. Forlorn she look'd, without an aiding oar,
And, houted by the vulgar, made to shore.
As when a snake, surpns'd upon the road,
Is crush'd athwart her body by the load
Of heavy wheels; or with a mortal wound
Her belly bruis'd, and trodden to the ground:
? In vain, with Ioosen'd curls, she crawls along;
Yet, fierce above, she brandishes her tongue;
Glares with her eyes, and bristles with her scales;
But, groveling in the dust, her parts unsound she trails: So slowly to the port the Centaur tends,
But, what she wants in oars, with sails amends. Yet, for his galley say'd, the grateful prince
Is pleas'd th' unhappy chief to recompense. Pholoe, the Cretan slave, rewards his care, Beauteous herself, with lovely twins as fair.
From thence his way the Trojan hero bent
Into the neighb'rmg plato, with mountains pent,
Whose sides were shaded with surrounding woo_ Full in the midst of this fair valley stood
? 192 DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION OF VIRGIL
A nativetheater,which,risingslow
By justdegrees,o'erlook'dtheground below.
High onasylvanthronetheleadcrsate; A num'rous trainattendin solemn state.
Here thosethatintherapidcoursedelight, Deslre of honor and the prizeinvlte.
The rivalrunnerswithoutorderstand;
The Trojans mix'd with the S]cihan band.
First Nlsus, with Euryalus, appears; : Euryalus a boy of blooming years,
With sprightly grace and equal beauty crown'd; Nlsus, for friendship to the youth renown'd
Diores next, of Priam's royal race,
Then Sahus . joined with Patron, took their place; (But Patron in Arcadia had his birth,
And Salius his from Arcanaman earth;)
Then two Sicilian youths--the names of these, Swift Helymus, and lovely Panopes:
Both jolly huntsmen, both in forest bred,
And owmng old Acestes for their head;
With sev'ral others of ignobler name,
Whom time has not dehver'd o'er to fame.
To these the hero thus his thoughts explain'd, In words which gen'ral approbation gain'd" "One common largess is for all design'd,
(The vanquish'd and the vlctor shall be join'd,) Two darts of polish'd steel and Gnosian wood, A silver-studded ax, ahke bestow'd.
The foremost three have olive wreaths decreed: The first of these obtains a stately steed,
Adorn'd with tlappings; and the next in fame,
The quiver of an Amazonian dame,
With feather'd Thracian arrows well supphed:
A golden belt shall gird his manly side,
Which with a sparkling diamond shall be tied. The third this Grecian helmet shall content"
lie said. To their appointed base they went; With beating hearts th' expected sign receive, And, starting all at once, the barrier leave. Spread out Itson the winged winds,they flew,
? THE FIFTH BOOK OF THE . _NEIS 193
P_ad seiz'd the distant goal with greedy view. Shot from the crowd, swift Nisus all o'erpass'd; Nor storms, nor thunder, equal half his haste. The next, but tho' the next, yet far disjoin'd, Came Salius, and Euryalus behind;
Then Helymus, whom young Diores plied,
Step after step, and almost side by side,
His shoulders pressing; and, in longer space, Had won, or left at least a dubious race.
Now, spent, the goal they almost reach at last, When eager Nisus, hapless m his haste,
Slipp'd first, and, slippmg, fell upon the plain, Soak'd with the blood of oxen newly slain.
The careless victor had not mark'd his way;
But, treading where the treach'rous puddle lay,
His heels flew up; and on the grassy floor
He fell, besmear'd with filth and holy gore.
Not mindless then, Euryalus, of thee,
Nor of the sacred bonds of amity,
He strove th' immediate rival's hope to cross,
And caught the foot of Salius as he rose.
So Salius lay extended on the plain;
Euryalus springs out, the prize to gain,
And leaves the crowd: applauding peals attend
The victor to the goal, who vanquish'd by his friend. Next Helymus; and then Diores came,
By two m_sfortunes made the third in fame.
But Salius enters, and, exclaiming lo_d
For justice, deafens and disturbs the crowd; Urges his cause may in the court be heard; And pleads the prize is wrongfully conferr'd. But favor for Euryalus appears;
His blooming beauty, with his tender tears, Had brib'd the judges for the promis'd prize. Besides, Diores fills the court with cries,
Who vainly reaches at the last reward,
If the first palm on Salius be conferr'd.
Then thus the prince: "Let no disptttes arise: Where fortune plac'd it, I award the prize. But fortune's errors give me leave to mend,
? tc xttt. -4/
? 194 DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION OF VIRGIL
At least to pity my deserving friend. "
He said, and, from among the spoils, he draws
(Pond'rous with shaggy mane and golden paws) A lion's hide: to Salius this he gives.
Nisus with envy sees the gift, and grieves.
"If such rewards to vanqmsh'd men are due. " He said, "and falhng is to rise by you,
What prize may Nisus from your bounty clain_. Who merited the first rewards and fame?
In falling, both an equal fortune tried;
Would fortune for my fall so well provide ! "
With this he pointed to his face, and show'd
His hand and all his habit smear'd with blood.
Th' indulgent father of the people stuff'd,
And caus'd to be produc'd an ample shield,
Of wondrous art, by Didymaon wrought,
Long since from Neptune's bars in triumph brought. This giv'n to Nisus, he divides the rest,
And equal justice in his gifts express'd
The race thus ended, and rewards bestow'd, Once more the prince bespeaks th' attentive crowd:
"If there be h_re wi_ose dauntless courage dare In gauntlet-fight, with limbs and body bare, His opposite sustain in open view,
Stand forth the champion, and the games renew. Two prizes I propose, and thus divide:
A bull with gilded horns, and fillets tied,
Shall be the portion of the conqu'ring chief;
A sword and helm shall cheer the loser's grief. "
Then haughty Dares in the lists appears; Stalking he strides, hts head erected bears: His nervous arms the weighty gauntlet wield, And loud applauses echo thro' the field. Dares alone m combat us'd to stand
The match of mighty Paris, hand to hand; The same, at Hector's fun'rals, undertook Gigantic Butes, of th' Amycian stock,
And, by the stroke of his resistless hand, Stretch'_t the vast bulk upon the yellow sand. Such Dares was; and such he strode along,
? _TH BOOK OF THE _ENI_r$ 1_
And drew the wonder of the gazing throng.
His brawny back and ample breast he shows,
His lifted arms around his head he throws,
And deals in whistling air his empty blows.
His match is sought; but, thro' the trembling band, Not one dares answer to the proud demand. Presuming of his force, with sparkling eyes Already he devours the promis'd prize.
He claims the bull with awless insolence,
And having seiz'd his horns, accosts the prince:
"If none my matchless valor dares oppose, How long shall Dares wait his dastard foes? Permit me, chief, permit without delay,
To lead this uneontended gift away. "
The crowd assents, and with redoubled cries For tile proi_d challenger demands the prizd.
Acestes, fir'd with just disdain, to see
The palm usurp'd without a victory,
Reproach'd Entellus thus, who sate beside,
And heard and saw, unmov'd, the Trojan's pride: "Once, but in vain, a champion of renown,
So tamely can you bear the ravish'd crown,
A prize in triumph borne before your sight,
And shun, for fear, the danger of the fight?
Where is our Eryx now, the boasted name,
The god who taught your thund'ring arm the game? Where now your baffled honor? Where the spoil
That fill'd your house, and fame that fill'd our _ste_" Entellus, thus: "My soul is still the same,
Unmov'd with fear, and mov'd with martial fame; But my chill blood is curdled in my veins,
And scarce the shadow of a man remains.
O could I turn to that fair prime again,
That prime of which this boaster is so vain,
The brave, who this decrepid age defies,
Should feel my force, without the promis'd prize. "
He said; and, i'ising at the word, he threw Two pond'rous gauntlets down in open view;
Gauntlets which Eryx wont in fight to wield, And sheathe his hands with in the listed lidd.
? 196 DRYDEN'S TRANSLATION OF VIRGIL
With fear and wonder seiz'd, the crowd beholds
The gloves of death, with sev'n dlstinguish'd folds
Of tough bull hides; the space within is spread
With iron, or with loads of heavy lead:
Dares himself was daunted at the sight,
Renounc'd his challenge, and refus'd to fight. Astonish'd at their weight, the hero stands,
And pois'd the pond'rous engines in his hands.
"What had your wonder," said Entellus, "been,
Had you the gauntlets of Alcides seen,
Or view'd the stern debate on this unhappy green !
These which I bear your brother Eryx bore,
Still mark'd with batter'd brains and mingled gore.
With these he long sustain'd th' Herculean arm;
And these I wielded while my blood was warm,
This languish'd frame while better spirits fed,
Ere age unstrung my nerves, or time o'ersnow'd my head. But if the challenger these arms refuse,
And cannot wield their weight, or dare not use;
If great .
