6 Braun and
Haevernick
1981.
Ancient-greek-cults-a-guide
Vit.
Sol.
9.
4; Poll.
8.
91; Tod 1933-, no.
204; Daux 1965; Siewert 1977;
Jacquemin 2000. 15-20.
5 For Gaia at Delphi see also Chapter 7.
6 LSCG 18, 20; Paus. 1. 18. 7 (with Zeus Olympios); Mikalson 1975. 63, 126-27.
7 Carpenter 1991. 73-75.
8 Ar. Peace 406-11; Nilsson 1967. 139-42, 839-40; Gantz 1993. 87-88, Reichert-
Su? dbeck 2000. 156-59 (Korinth).
9 Paus. 2. 4. 6 (Korinth); Farnell 1896-, Vol. 5. 419-20; Fraser and Bean 1954. 130-
32; Sfyroeras 1993.
10 Hellanicus FGrH 4 F 71 (Sinties); Brelich 1958. 325-57; Mustilli 1960; Bernabo`-
Brea 1961; Faraone 1987.
11 Philostr. Her. 53. 4-7; Delcourt 1957. 171-90; Burkert 1970; Robertson
1985. 258-81; Faraone 1992. 55-57.
12 Schol. Ar. Av. 436 (kilns); Istros FGrH 334 F 2 (torches); Paus. 1. 26. 5 (altar);
Delcourt 1957. 191-203.
13 Davies 1967. 35-36; Parke 1977. 92-93, 171-72.
14 Harrison 1977a, b.
15 Ar. Vesp. 846 with schol. ; Paus. 5. 14. 4 (Olympia).
16 Miller 1978 passim; Merkelbach 1980; Detienne 1985; Malkin 1987. 114-34.
17 Paus. 1. 34. 3 (Oropos), 5. 11. 8 (Zeus); Vernant 1983a.
18 MacLachlan 1993. 1-12, 41-55.
19 Hes. fr. 71 M-W (Eteokles); Paus. 9. 35. 1, 9. 38. 1; Rocchi 1979. 10-15; Schachter
1981-, Vol. 1. 140-44.
20 Ephoros FGrH 70 F 152.
21 Te Riele 1976.
22 Callim. fr. 3-7 Pf. ; Apollod. Bibl. 3. 15. 7; Schwarzenberg 1966. 4-7 and Pl. 1
(relief); Berranger 1992. 195-98; Larson 2001. 170 (Thasos).
23 Paus. 1. 22. 8 (Sokrates); Palagia 1990; Pirenne-Delforge 1996. 201-7; Mikalson
1998. 174-78.
24 KN 206 = Cg 705 [Chadwick and Ventris 1973]; Willetts 1958; Faure? 1964. 82-
94; Pingiatoglou 1981. 36, 52-53; Marinatos 1996; Sporn 2002. 94-96.
25 Paus. 1. 18. 5, 8. 21. 3, 9. 27. 2 (Olen); Bruneau 1970. 212-17; Furley and Bremer
2001, Vol. 1. 146-51.
26 Paus. 6. 20. 2-6 (Sosipolis); Hadzisteliou Price 1978. 138-47 and passim; Kilian
1978.
27 Paus. 2. 35. 11 (Hermione), 6. 20. 3 (Olympia).
28 Laumonier 1958. 344; Kraus 1960. 24-56; Simon 1986. 4, 54.
29 Boedeker 1983; Clay 1984.
218
NOTES
30 Aesch. TrGF 388 (hekataia); Soph. TrGF 535 (Rhizotomoi); Theopompus FGrH 115 F 344 (garlands); Johnston 1990. 21-28, 1991, 1999. 203-49.
31 Dem. 54. 14, 39; Parker 1983. 30, n. 65.
32 Stesichorus fr. 215 PMG; Johnston 1999. 238-49.
33 IG IX. 2 575, 577; Johnston 1999. 208-15, n. 42. Cf. Miller 1974. 251.
34 Gager 1992 no. 40.
35 Fp 1, Fh 390, V 52 = KN 208 (Knossos) [Chadwick and Ventris 1973]; Chadwick
1985. 193; Jost 1985. 305.
36 Jameson, Jordan, and Kotansky 1993. 79; Johnston 1999. 250-87. Contra: Clin-
ton 1996a. 166.
37 Dem. 21. 114-15, 23. 67-68; Lloyd-Jones 1990; Henrichs 1983b, 1994. 39-54.
38 Paus. 2. 11. 4 (Sikyon), 7. 25. 7 (Keryneia), 8. 34. 1-4 (Megalopolis); Burkert
1996. 37.
39 Vollgraff 1944-45; Sarian 1986 no. 118 (votive relief with snakes).
13 STRANGERS AND INDIGENES: LATECOMER AND REGIONAL DEITIES
1 Henrichs 1976. 266-76; Roller 1999. 119-41; Hermary 2000.
2 Graf 1985. 107-15; Roller 1999. 163-69.
3 Wycherley 1957. 150-51; Parker 1996. 188-94; Borgeaud 2004. 11-15.
4 Schol. Pind. Pyth. 3. 137-39; Plut. Vit. Them. 30.
5 Roller 1999. 143-85; Borgeaud 2004. 34-38. "Attis" in the Archaic period:
Vermaseren 1977-, Vol. 2, nos. 695-718 (Cyprus).
6 Braun and Haevernick 1981. 99-110, Pl. 33-34.
7 Hemberg 1950. 184-205; Schachter 1981-, Vol. 2. 66-110, 2003; Daumas
1998. 19-46, 61-89.
8 Accame 1941-43; Hemberg 1950. 160-70; Levi 1966.
9 Diog. Laert. 6. 59 (Diagoras).
10 Mnaseas in Schol. Ap. Rhod. 1. 916-18b Wendel; Hemberg 1950. 303-11.
11 Cic. Nat. D. 3. 22 (56); Varro Ling. 5. 58
12 Lehmann and Lehmann 1959-, Vol. 5. 267-302; McCredie 1968; Cole 1984. 1-
20, 30; Bergquist 1990. 34, n. 42.
13 Parke 1967. 194-241.
14 Paus. 9. 16. 1 (statue).
15 Malkin 1994. 158-68.
16 Hdt. e. g. 1. 46, 3. 25; Eur. Alc. 115; Ar. Av. 619-20, 716; Plato Alc. 2. 149b; Plut.
Vit. Lys. 25. 3; Paus. 3. 18. 3 (Lysander).
17 Classen 1959; Woodward 1962; Bosworth 1977.
18 Garland 1992. 111-14, fig. 25-26; Larson 2001. 173.
19 Ferguson 1944. 101 (on IG II2 1496).
20 Simms 1988; Pache 2004.
21 Paus. 9. 40. 3; Marinatos 1924-25; Gallet de Santerre 1958,154-55; Willetts
1962. 179-93; Sporn 2002. 76.
22 Ant. Lib. Met. 40.
23 Guarducci 1935. 189-92; Sporn 2002. 277-78.
24 Ant. Lib. Met. 40; Paus. 2. 30. 3.
25 IG IV 1582; Schwandner 1976;Williams 1981, 1982.
26 Sinn 1988; Hoffelner 1999; Figueira 1991. 31-39.
27 Rudhardt 1999. 43-57.
28 Paus. 9. 25. 4 (Thebes); Miller 1974; Schachter 1981-, Vol. 3. 50-52.
29 Davies EGF 31, 37-38 (summary of Proclus and Cypria fr. 7); Stafford 2000. 45-
73.
219
NOTES
30 Cratinus frs. 114-27 Kassel-Austin PCG; Friendly and Karapanayiotis 1973; Petrakos 1991. 14-31; Lapatin 1992; Stafford 2000. 75-110.
31 Figueira 1993. 57-58.
32 Figueira 1991. 31-39.
14 ANOMALOUS IMMORTALS: HERO-GODS AND HEROINE-GODDESSES
1 Burkert 1979. 78-98; Salowey 2002 (Mycenaean).
2 Jourdain-Annequin 1986, 1992b.
3 Farnell 1921. 95-145, 155-74; Nilsson 1923, 1951 Vol. 1. 348-54 (Mt. Oita);
Verbanck-Pie? rard 1989; Le? ve^que and Verbanck-Pie? rard 1992; Georgoudi 1998.
4 Pache 2004. 49-57; Leitao 2002.
5 Boardman 1972, 1975, 1989; Vanderpool 1942, 1966.
6 Ath. 6. 234d-e (parasites); Woodford 1971. 215-19.
7 Wycherley 1959; Woodford 1976. 218-19; Georgoudi 1998.
8 IG I3 1016; Isaeus 9. 30 (thiasos of Herakles); Hch. and Phot. s. v. oiniste ? ria
(libation); Walter 1937; Woodford 1971. 214-15 (shrines); Tagalidou 1993. 7-
49.
9 Bonnet 1985, 1988. 346-71. Cf. Paus. 7. 5. 5-8; Graf 1985. 296-316 (Erythrai).
10 Launey 1944; Bergquist 1973, 1998; Courtils and Pariente 1988; Scullion 2000. 166-67.
11 Clem. Alex. Protr. 42 (statue); Salowey 1995. 21.
12 Paus. 3. 15. 3-9; Malkin 1994. 15-45.
13 Thuc. 5. 64. 5, 5. 66. 1 (Mantineia); Xen. Hell. 7. 1. 31 (Eutresis); Paus. 3. 14. 6-8
(Dromos, Planes).
14 Meiggs and Lewis 1969, no. 38; Martin 1979; Jourdain-Annequin 1992b. For
Italy, see the sixth-century dedication of Nikomachos: IG XIV 652 (Meta-
pontion).
15 Bonnet 1985; Burkert 1992. 87, n. 27; Tagalidou 1993. 104-22.
16 Farnell 1916, 1921. 35-47.
17 Lyons 1997. 64-67, 122-24; Pache 2004. 149-52.
18 Conon FGrH 26 F 1. 33 (Miletos); Graf 1985. 405-6.
19 Paus. 1. 42. 7 (Megara), 3. 23. 8 (Lakonia); Bonnet 1986; Kardulias 2001.
20 Gallet de Santerre 1958. 265-66; Hermary 1978. 56-62; Furley and Bremer 2001
Vol. 1. 166-71, 2. 117-19.
21 Ward 1970; West 1975; Sansone 1991.
22 Hdt. 5.
Jacquemin 2000. 15-20.
5 For Gaia at Delphi see also Chapter 7.
6 LSCG 18, 20; Paus. 1. 18. 7 (with Zeus Olympios); Mikalson 1975. 63, 126-27.
7 Carpenter 1991. 73-75.
8 Ar. Peace 406-11; Nilsson 1967. 139-42, 839-40; Gantz 1993. 87-88, Reichert-
Su? dbeck 2000. 156-59 (Korinth).
9 Paus. 2. 4. 6 (Korinth); Farnell 1896-, Vol. 5. 419-20; Fraser and Bean 1954. 130-
32; Sfyroeras 1993.
10 Hellanicus FGrH 4 F 71 (Sinties); Brelich 1958. 325-57; Mustilli 1960; Bernabo`-
Brea 1961; Faraone 1987.
11 Philostr. Her. 53. 4-7; Delcourt 1957. 171-90; Burkert 1970; Robertson
1985. 258-81; Faraone 1992. 55-57.
12 Schol. Ar. Av. 436 (kilns); Istros FGrH 334 F 2 (torches); Paus. 1. 26. 5 (altar);
Delcourt 1957. 191-203.
13 Davies 1967. 35-36; Parke 1977. 92-93, 171-72.
14 Harrison 1977a, b.
15 Ar. Vesp. 846 with schol. ; Paus. 5. 14. 4 (Olympia).
16 Miller 1978 passim; Merkelbach 1980; Detienne 1985; Malkin 1987. 114-34.
17 Paus. 1. 34. 3 (Oropos), 5. 11. 8 (Zeus); Vernant 1983a.
18 MacLachlan 1993. 1-12, 41-55.
19 Hes. fr. 71 M-W (Eteokles); Paus. 9. 35. 1, 9. 38. 1; Rocchi 1979. 10-15; Schachter
1981-, Vol. 1. 140-44.
20 Ephoros FGrH 70 F 152.
21 Te Riele 1976.
22 Callim. fr. 3-7 Pf. ; Apollod. Bibl. 3. 15. 7; Schwarzenberg 1966. 4-7 and Pl. 1
(relief); Berranger 1992. 195-98; Larson 2001. 170 (Thasos).
23 Paus. 1. 22. 8 (Sokrates); Palagia 1990; Pirenne-Delforge 1996. 201-7; Mikalson
1998. 174-78.
24 KN 206 = Cg 705 [Chadwick and Ventris 1973]; Willetts 1958; Faure? 1964. 82-
94; Pingiatoglou 1981. 36, 52-53; Marinatos 1996; Sporn 2002. 94-96.
25 Paus. 1. 18. 5, 8. 21. 3, 9. 27. 2 (Olen); Bruneau 1970. 212-17; Furley and Bremer
2001, Vol. 1. 146-51.
26 Paus. 6. 20. 2-6 (Sosipolis); Hadzisteliou Price 1978. 138-47 and passim; Kilian
1978.
27 Paus. 2. 35. 11 (Hermione), 6. 20. 3 (Olympia).
28 Laumonier 1958. 344; Kraus 1960. 24-56; Simon 1986. 4, 54.
29 Boedeker 1983; Clay 1984.
218
NOTES
30 Aesch. TrGF 388 (hekataia); Soph. TrGF 535 (Rhizotomoi); Theopompus FGrH 115 F 344 (garlands); Johnston 1990. 21-28, 1991, 1999. 203-49.
31 Dem. 54. 14, 39; Parker 1983. 30, n. 65.
32 Stesichorus fr. 215 PMG; Johnston 1999. 238-49.
33 IG IX. 2 575, 577; Johnston 1999. 208-15, n. 42. Cf. Miller 1974. 251.
34 Gager 1992 no. 40.
35 Fp 1, Fh 390, V 52 = KN 208 (Knossos) [Chadwick and Ventris 1973]; Chadwick
1985. 193; Jost 1985. 305.
36 Jameson, Jordan, and Kotansky 1993. 79; Johnston 1999. 250-87. Contra: Clin-
ton 1996a. 166.
37 Dem. 21. 114-15, 23. 67-68; Lloyd-Jones 1990; Henrichs 1983b, 1994. 39-54.
38 Paus. 2. 11. 4 (Sikyon), 7. 25. 7 (Keryneia), 8. 34. 1-4 (Megalopolis); Burkert
1996. 37.
39 Vollgraff 1944-45; Sarian 1986 no. 118 (votive relief with snakes).
13 STRANGERS AND INDIGENES: LATECOMER AND REGIONAL DEITIES
1 Henrichs 1976. 266-76; Roller 1999. 119-41; Hermary 2000.
2 Graf 1985. 107-15; Roller 1999. 163-69.
3 Wycherley 1957. 150-51; Parker 1996. 188-94; Borgeaud 2004. 11-15.
4 Schol. Pind. Pyth. 3. 137-39; Plut. Vit. Them. 30.
5 Roller 1999. 143-85; Borgeaud 2004. 34-38. "Attis" in the Archaic period:
Vermaseren 1977-, Vol. 2, nos. 695-718 (Cyprus).
6 Braun and Haevernick 1981. 99-110, Pl. 33-34.
7 Hemberg 1950. 184-205; Schachter 1981-, Vol. 2. 66-110, 2003; Daumas
1998. 19-46, 61-89.
8 Accame 1941-43; Hemberg 1950. 160-70; Levi 1966.
9 Diog. Laert. 6. 59 (Diagoras).
10 Mnaseas in Schol. Ap. Rhod. 1. 916-18b Wendel; Hemberg 1950. 303-11.
11 Cic. Nat. D. 3. 22 (56); Varro Ling. 5. 58
12 Lehmann and Lehmann 1959-, Vol. 5. 267-302; McCredie 1968; Cole 1984. 1-
20, 30; Bergquist 1990. 34, n. 42.
13 Parke 1967. 194-241.
14 Paus. 9. 16. 1 (statue).
15 Malkin 1994. 158-68.
16 Hdt. e. g. 1. 46, 3. 25; Eur. Alc. 115; Ar. Av. 619-20, 716; Plato Alc. 2. 149b; Plut.
Vit. Lys. 25. 3; Paus. 3. 18. 3 (Lysander).
17 Classen 1959; Woodward 1962; Bosworth 1977.
18 Garland 1992. 111-14, fig. 25-26; Larson 2001. 173.
19 Ferguson 1944. 101 (on IG II2 1496).
20 Simms 1988; Pache 2004.
21 Paus. 9. 40. 3; Marinatos 1924-25; Gallet de Santerre 1958,154-55; Willetts
1962. 179-93; Sporn 2002. 76.
22 Ant. Lib. Met. 40.
23 Guarducci 1935. 189-92; Sporn 2002. 277-78.
24 Ant. Lib. Met. 40; Paus. 2. 30. 3.
25 IG IV 1582; Schwandner 1976;Williams 1981, 1982.
26 Sinn 1988; Hoffelner 1999; Figueira 1991. 31-39.
27 Rudhardt 1999. 43-57.
28 Paus. 9. 25. 4 (Thebes); Miller 1974; Schachter 1981-, Vol. 3. 50-52.
29 Davies EGF 31, 37-38 (summary of Proclus and Cypria fr. 7); Stafford 2000. 45-
73.
219
NOTES
30 Cratinus frs. 114-27 Kassel-Austin PCG; Friendly and Karapanayiotis 1973; Petrakos 1991. 14-31; Lapatin 1992; Stafford 2000. 75-110.
31 Figueira 1993. 57-58.
32 Figueira 1991. 31-39.
14 ANOMALOUS IMMORTALS: HERO-GODS AND HEROINE-GODDESSES
1 Burkert 1979. 78-98; Salowey 2002 (Mycenaean).
2 Jourdain-Annequin 1986, 1992b.
3 Farnell 1921. 95-145, 155-74; Nilsson 1923, 1951 Vol. 1. 348-54 (Mt. Oita);
Verbanck-Pie? rard 1989; Le? ve^que and Verbanck-Pie? rard 1992; Georgoudi 1998.
4 Pache 2004. 49-57; Leitao 2002.
5 Boardman 1972, 1975, 1989; Vanderpool 1942, 1966.
6 Ath. 6. 234d-e (parasites); Woodford 1971. 215-19.
7 Wycherley 1959; Woodford 1976. 218-19; Georgoudi 1998.
8 IG I3 1016; Isaeus 9. 30 (thiasos of Herakles); Hch. and Phot. s. v. oiniste ? ria
(libation); Walter 1937; Woodford 1971. 214-15 (shrines); Tagalidou 1993. 7-
49.
9 Bonnet 1985, 1988. 346-71. Cf. Paus. 7. 5. 5-8; Graf 1985. 296-316 (Erythrai).
10 Launey 1944; Bergquist 1973, 1998; Courtils and Pariente 1988; Scullion 2000. 166-67.
11 Clem. Alex. Protr. 42 (statue); Salowey 1995. 21.
12 Paus. 3. 15. 3-9; Malkin 1994. 15-45.
13 Thuc. 5. 64. 5, 5. 66. 1 (Mantineia); Xen. Hell. 7. 1. 31 (Eutresis); Paus. 3. 14. 6-8
(Dromos, Planes).
14 Meiggs and Lewis 1969, no. 38; Martin 1979; Jourdain-Annequin 1992b. For
Italy, see the sixth-century dedication of Nikomachos: IG XIV 652 (Meta-
pontion).
15 Bonnet 1985; Burkert 1992. 87, n. 27; Tagalidou 1993. 104-22.
16 Farnell 1916, 1921. 35-47.
17 Lyons 1997. 64-67, 122-24; Pache 2004. 149-52.
18 Conon FGrH 26 F 1. 33 (Miletos); Graf 1985. 405-6.
19 Paus. 1. 42. 7 (Megara), 3. 23. 8 (Lakonia); Bonnet 1986; Kardulias 2001.
20 Gallet de Santerre 1958. 265-66; Hermary 1978. 56-62; Furley and Bremer 2001
Vol. 1. 166-71, 2. 117-19.
21 Ward 1970; West 1975; Sansone 1991.
22 Hdt. 5.
