4) who was
surnamed
Saocondarius, was a son- at Rome in the first century after Christ, who is
in-law of Deiotarus, and was put to death by him.
in-law of Deiotarus, and was put to death by him.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - a
C.
v.
2) and of Vale- CA'SSIUS SEVE'RUS.
[SEVERUS.
]
rius Maximus (i. vii. $ 7), who tells the tale of the CASSO'TIS (Kagowris), a Parnassian nymph,
vision by which Cassius was forewarned of his ap- from whom was derived the name of the well Cas-
proaching fate, and of Velleius (ii. 88), who dis- sotis at Delphi, the water of which gave the
tinctly states, that as Trebonius was the first, so priestess the power of prophecy. (Paus. x. 24.
Cassius Parmensis was the last, of the murderers $ 5. )
[L. S. ]
of Caesar who perished by a violent end. The CASTA'LIA (Kaotaría), the nymph of the
death of Cassius probably took place about B. C. 30; Castalian spring at the foot of mount Parnassus.
and this fact alone is sufficient to prove that Cas- She was regarded as a daughter of Achelous (Paus.
sius Parmensis and Cassius Etruscus were different x. 8. $ 5), and was believed to have thrown herself
persons; the former had held a high command in into the well when pursued by Apollo. (Lutat.
the struggle in which Horace had been himself ad Stat. Theb. i. 697. ) Others derived the name
engaged, and had perished but a few years before of the well from one Castalius, who was either a
the publication of the epistles; the former is spoken simple mortal, or a son of Apollo and father of
of as one who had been long dead, and almost if Delphis, who came from Crete to Crissa, and there
not altogether forgotten.
founded the worship of the Delphinian Apollo.
3. We have seen that two of the Scholiasts on (Ilgen, ad Hom. hymn. in Apoll. p. 341. ) A third
Horace represent that Cassius composed in different account makes Castalius a son of Delphus and father
styles. We have reason to believe that he wrote of Thyia (Paus, vii. 18. § 6, x. 6. § 2. ) [L. S. ]
tragedies, that the names of two of his pieces were CASTA'LIDES (Kartauldes), thé Castalian
Thyestes and Brutus, and that a line of the latter nymphs, by which the Muses are sometimes desig-
has been preserved by Varro(L. L. vi. 7, ed. Müller). nated, as the Castalian spring was sacred to them.
In like manner, a single line of one of his epigrams (Theocrit. vii. 148; Martial, vii. 11. ) (L. S. ]
is quoted by Quintilian (v. 2. & 24), and a single CASTA'LIUS. (CASTALIA. ]
sentence from an abusive letter addressed to Octa- CA'STICUS, the son of Catamantaledes, a Se-
vianus is to be found in Suetonius (Aug. 4); in quanan, seized the government in his own state,
addition to which we hear from Pliny of an epistle which his father had held before him, at the in-
to Antonius. (Plin. H. N. xxxi. 8. ) Many per- stigation of Orgetorix, about B. c. 50. (Caes. B. G.
sons, and among these Drumann, believe that the i. 3. )
}
2 s 2
## p. 628 (#648) ############################################
628
CASTOR
CASTORION.
a
at
CASTINUS, a general of the emperor Hono- about B. c. 150, and can have had no connexion
rius, who was sent, in A. D. 422, with an army with the Deiotarus for whom Cicero spoke. (Conr
into Spain against the Vandals. At the same pare Vossius, De Hist. Gruec. p. 202, ed. Wester-
time Bonifacius, another general of Honorius, was mann; Orelli, Onomast. Tull. ii. p. 138, in both of
likewise engaged against the Vandals in Spain, which there is much confusion about Castor. ) [L. S. )
but Castinus offended him so much by his arro- CASTOR (Káorwr), a distinguished citizen of
gant and imprudent conduct, that he withdrew Phanagoria, who had once been ill treated by
from the war. After the death of Honorius, in Tryphon, a eunuch of Mithridates the Great.
A. D. 423, Castinus was believed to be supporting When the king, after his defeat by Pompey,
secretly the usurper Joannes ; and accordingly came to Phanagoria, Castor avenged himself by
when the usurper was put to death in A. D. 425, murdering Tryphon. Pompey afterwards honour-
Castinus was sent into exile. (Prosp. Aquit. ed him with the title of friend of the Roman peo-
Chron. Integr. p. 651, ed. Roncall. ) [L. S. ) ple. (Appian, Mithrid. 108, 114. ) (L. S. )
CASTOR, brother of Polydeuces. (DIOSCURI. ] CASTOR, the chamberlain and confidential
CASTOR, grandson of Deiotarus. (DEiOta- adviser of Septimius Severus. Being the most
RUS. )
upright of all the courtiers, he became an object of
CASTOR (Kártwp), either a native of Rhodes, suspicion and hatred to Caracalla, who upon as
of Massilia, or of Galatia, was a Greek grammarian cending the throne immediately put him to death,
and rhetorician, who was surnamed ølopuuaios, having failed in an attempt, during the lifetime of
and is usually believed to have lived about the Severus, to destroy him by treachery. (Dion
time of Cicero and Julius Caesar. He wrote, ac- Cass. lxxvi. 14, lxxvii. 1. )
(W. R. )
cording to Suidas (if we adopt the readings of CASTOR, bishop of Apt, was born
Bernhardy, the last editor): 1. 'Avaypaori TWY Nismes about the middle of the fourth century,
Janaoookpatnoávrwv, in two books. 2. Xpovind and married an heiress, by whom he had a daugh-
dyvoýuata, which is also referred to by Apollodorus ter. The family being fired with holy zeal, agreed
(ii. 1. $ 3). 3. Nepi é rexeipnuátwv, in nine books. to separate, in order that they might devote their
4. Tepi TesBolls, in two books. 5. Iepl toú Nellov. wealth to the endowment of religious establish-
6. Téxin ýmtoping), of which a portion is still ex- ments, and their lives to seclusion and sanctity.
tant and printed in Walz's Rhetores Graeci (iii. p. Accordingly, they founded an abbey and a convent
712, &c. ). To these works Clinton (Fast. Hell. in Provence; the husband retired to the former,
jii. p. 546) adds a great chronological work (xpo- the wife and her daughter took the veil in the lat-
vixd or xpovo oyla), which is referred to several ter. There is still extant a letter addressed by
times by Eusebius (Chron. ad Ann. 989, 161, 562, Castor to Cassianus (CASSIANUS), soliciting infor-
&c. ), though it is not quite certain whether this is mation with regard to the rules observed in the
not the same work as the χρονικά αγνοήματα men- monasteries of Palestine and Egypt. This request
tioned above. He is frequently referred to as an was speedily complied with, and produced the
authority in historical matters, though no historical work Institutiones Coenobiorum,” dedicated to
work is specified, so that those references may al- Castor, which was followed by the “ Collationes
lude to any of the above-mentioned works. (Euseb. Patrum," addressed to his brother, Leontius. The
Praep. Evang. x. 3, Chron. i. 13, p. 36 ; Justin death of Castor took place in September, 419. We
Mart. Parven. ad Graec. p. 9. ) His partiality to are told by Vincent St. Laurent, in the “Biographie
the Romans is indicated by his sumame; but in Universelle,” that at a recent period the archives
what manner he shewed this partiality is unknown, of the cathedral of Apt contained a MS. life of its
though it may have been in a work mentioned by canonized prelate, which were enumerated with
Plutarch (Quaest. Rom. 10, 76, comp. De Is. et Os. circumstantial details all the miracles ascribed to
31), in which he compared the institutions of the him.
Romans with those of Pythagoras. Suidas de The letter above-mentioned, which is composed
scribes the grammarian and rhetorician Castor as a in a very rude and harsh style, was first discovered
son-in-law of the Galatian king Deiotarus (whom, by Gazet, was prefixed to the “ Institutiones” in
however, he calls a Roman senator ! ), who not his edition of Cassianus, and republished in a more
withstanding afterwards put to death both Castor correct form, from a MS. in the Royal Library at
and his wife, because Castor had brought charges Paris, by Baluze in his edition of Salvianus and
against him before Caesar,-evidently alluding to Vincentius Lirinensis, Paris, 1663, 8vo. , and in
the affair in which Cicero defended Deiotarus. The the reprint at Bremen, 1688, 4to. ; it is also found
Castor whom Suidas thus makes a relative of Deio- in the edition of Vincentius, Paris, 1669. (Schoene
tarus, appears to be the same as the Castor men- mann, Bibl. Patrum Lotin. v. 27. ) [W. R. )
tioned by Strabo (xii. p. 568; comp. Caes. B. C. CASTOR, ANTONIUS, an eminent botanist
ii.
4) who was surnamed Saocondarius, was a son- at Rome in the first century after Christ, who is
in-law of Deiotarus, and was put to death by him. several times quoted and mentioned by Pliny. He
But it is, to say the least, extremely doubtful whe enjoyed a great reputation, possessed a botanical
ther the rhetorician had any connexion with the garden of his own (which is probably the earliest
family of Deiotarus at all. The Castor who brought on record), and lived more than a hundred years,
Deiotarus into peril is expressly called a grandson in perfect health both of body and mind. (Plin.
of that king, and was yet a young man at the time | H. N. xxv. 5. )
(W. A. G. )
(B. C. 44) when Cicero spoke for Deiotarus. (Cic. CASTOR, TARCONDA'RIUS, of Galatia, with
pro Deiot. 1, 10. ) Now we have seen above that Dorylaus, gave 300 horsemen to Pompey's army in
one of the works of Castor is referred to in the
B. C. 49. (Caes. B. C. jj. 4. )
Bibliotheca of Apollodorus, who died somewhere CASTO'RION (Kaotopiwv), of Soli, is men-
about B. c. 140. The conclusion, therefore, must tioned by Athenaeus (x. p. 454) as the author of
be, that the rhetorician Castor must have lived at a poum on Pan, of which he quotes a fragment :
or before the time of A pollodorus, at the latest, | but nothing further is known about him. (L. S. )
## p. 629 (#649) ############################################
CATILINA.
629
CATILINA.
CASTRI'CIUS. 1. M. CASTRICIUS, the chief | catalogue. Although his yonth was spent in the
magistrate of Placentia, who refused to give hos- most reckless extravagance, and in the open indu)-
tnges to Cn. Papirius Carbo, when he appeared gence of every vice ; although he was known 10
before the town in B. C. 84. (Val. Max. vi. 2. $ have been guilty of various acts of the foulest and
10. )
most revolting debauchery; although he had incurred
2. M. CASTRICIUS, a Roman merchant in Asia, the suspicion of an intrigue with the Vestal Fabia,
who received a public funeral from the inhabitants sister of Terentia; and although it was said and be-
of Smyrna (Cic. pro Flacc. 23, 31. ) He is pro- lieved that he had made away with his first wife
bably the same person as the M. Castricius men- and afterwards with his son, in order that he might
tioned in the Verrine Orations (iii. 30), but must wed the fair and rich but worthless Aurelia Ores-
be different from the one spoken of in B. C. 44 tilla, who objected to the presence of a grown-up
(ad Att. xii. 28), as the speech for Flaccus, in step-child, yet this complicated infamy appears to
which the death of the former is recorded, was have formed no bar to his regular political advance-
delivered as early as B. c. 59.
ment,-for he attained to the dignity of praetor in
3. CASTRICIUS gave information to Augustus B. C. 68, was governor of Africa during the follow-
respecting the conspiracy of Murena. (Suet. Aug. ing year, and returned to Rome in 66, in order
56. )
to press his suit for the consulship. The election
4. T. CASTRICIUS, a rhetorician at Rome, con- for 65 was carried by P. Autronius Paetus and
temporary with A. Gellius, by whom he is fre- P. Cornelius Sulla, both of whom were soon after
quently mentioned. (Gell
. i. 6, xi. 13, xiii. 21 ; convicted of bribery, and their places supplied
comp. Front. Epist. ii. 2, p. 210. )
by their competitors and accusers, L. Aurelius
L. CASTRI'NIUS PAETUS. (PAETUS] Cotta and L. Manlius Torquatus, Catiline, who
L. CASTRO'NIUS PAETUS. (PAETUS. ] was desirous of becoming a candidate, having been
CATAE'BATES ( Karaibátns), occurs as a disqualified in consequence of an impeachment for
bumame of several gods. 1. Of Zeus, who is oppression in his province, preferred by P. Clodius
described by it as the god who descends in thunder Pulcher, afterwards so celebrated as the implacable
and lightning. Under this name he had an altar enemy of Cicero. Exasperated by their disappoint-
at Olympia (Paus. v. 14. $ 8; Lycophr. 1370. ) ment, Autronius and Catiline forth with formed a
Places which had been struck by lightning, i. e. on project along with a certain Cn. Calpurnius Piso, a
which Zeus Cataebates had descended, were sacred young man of high family, but turbulent, needy,
to him. (Pollux, ix. 41; Suid. and Hesych. s. v. ) and profligate, to murder the new consuls upon the
2. Of Acheron, being the first river to which the first of January, when offering up their vows in
shades descended in the lower world. 3. Of the Capitol, after which Autronius and Catiline
Apollo, who was invoked by this name to grant a were to seize the fasces, and Piso was to be des
happy return home (katábadus) to those who were patched with an army to occupy the Spains. Some
travelling abroad. (Eurip. Bacch. 1358 ; Schol. rumours of what was in contemplation having been
ad Eurip. Phoen. 1416. ) 4. Or Hermes, who con- spread abroad, such precautions were taken that
ducted the shades into Hades. (Schol. ad Aristoph. the conspirators were induced to delay the execu-
Pac. 649. )
(LS. ) tion of their plan until the 5th of February, re-
CATAMANTA'LEDES, king of the Sequani solving at the same time to include many of the
in the former half of the first century B. C. , had leading men of the state in the proposed massacre.
received the title of friend from the senate and This extraordinary design is said to have been
the Roman people. (Caes. B. G. i. 3. )
frustrated solely by the impatience of Catiline,
CATAMITUS, the Roman name for Gany- who, upon the appointed day, gave the signal pre-
medes, of which it is only a corrupt form. (Plaut. maturely, before the whole of the armed agents bad
Menaech. i. 2. 34; Fest. s. v. Catamitum. ) (L. S. ] assembled, and thus confounded the preconcerted
CATHA'RSIUS (Kabápoios), the purifyer or combinations. The danger being past, certain re-
atoner, a surname of Zeus, under which he in con- solutions were proposed in the senate with regard
junction with Nice had a temple at Olympia. to the authors of this abortive attempt ; but the
(Paus. v. 14. $ 6. )
[L. S. ] proceedings were quashed by the intercession of a
T. CATIE'NUS, described by Cicero as a low tribune. The plot was, however, a matter of com-
and mean fellow, but of equestrian rank, who was mon discussion, and no one seems to have enter-
angry with Q. Cicero. (Cic. ad Qu. Fr. i. 2. $ 2. ) tained any doubt of its reality, while many did
CATILI'NA, L. SEʻRGIUS, the descendant not scruple to assert that M. Crassus, and Julius
of an ancient patrician family which had sunk Caesar, who was then aedile, were deeply involved.
first appears in history as a zealous (Q. Cic
. de pet. Cons. 2, &c; Asconius in Fog.
partizan of Sulla. During the horrors of the great cand. and in Cornel ; Sall. Cati. 15–18; Liv.
proscription, among many other victims, he killed, Epit. 101 ; Dion Cass. xxxvi. 27 ; Sueton. Jul. 9; .
with his own hand, his brother-in-law, Q. Caecilius, Cic. pro Sulla, 1—24, pro Muren. 38, pro Cael. 4,
described as a quiet inoffensive man, and having in Catil. i. 6. ) [Comp. p. 540, b. ]
seized and tortured the well-known and popular Encouraged rather than disheartened by a failure
M. Marius Gratidianus, the kinsman and fellow- which had so nearly proved a triumph, and which
townsman of Cicero, cut off his head, and bore it had so distinctly demonstrated the practicability of
in triumph through the city.
rius Maximus (i. vii. $ 7), who tells the tale of the CASSO'TIS (Kagowris), a Parnassian nymph,
vision by which Cassius was forewarned of his ap- from whom was derived the name of the well Cas-
proaching fate, and of Velleius (ii. 88), who dis- sotis at Delphi, the water of which gave the
tinctly states, that as Trebonius was the first, so priestess the power of prophecy. (Paus. x. 24.
Cassius Parmensis was the last, of the murderers $ 5. )
[L. S. ]
of Caesar who perished by a violent end. The CASTA'LIA (Kaotaría), the nymph of the
death of Cassius probably took place about B. C. 30; Castalian spring at the foot of mount Parnassus.
and this fact alone is sufficient to prove that Cas- She was regarded as a daughter of Achelous (Paus.
sius Parmensis and Cassius Etruscus were different x. 8. $ 5), and was believed to have thrown herself
persons; the former had held a high command in into the well when pursued by Apollo. (Lutat.
the struggle in which Horace had been himself ad Stat. Theb. i. 697. ) Others derived the name
engaged, and had perished but a few years before of the well from one Castalius, who was either a
the publication of the epistles; the former is spoken simple mortal, or a son of Apollo and father of
of as one who had been long dead, and almost if Delphis, who came from Crete to Crissa, and there
not altogether forgotten.
founded the worship of the Delphinian Apollo.
3. We have seen that two of the Scholiasts on (Ilgen, ad Hom. hymn. in Apoll. p. 341. ) A third
Horace represent that Cassius composed in different account makes Castalius a son of Delphus and father
styles. We have reason to believe that he wrote of Thyia (Paus, vii. 18. § 6, x. 6. § 2. ) [L. S. ]
tragedies, that the names of two of his pieces were CASTA'LIDES (Kartauldes), thé Castalian
Thyestes and Brutus, and that a line of the latter nymphs, by which the Muses are sometimes desig-
has been preserved by Varro(L. L. vi. 7, ed. Müller). nated, as the Castalian spring was sacred to them.
In like manner, a single line of one of his epigrams (Theocrit. vii. 148; Martial, vii. 11. ) (L. S. ]
is quoted by Quintilian (v. 2. & 24), and a single CASTA'LIUS. (CASTALIA. ]
sentence from an abusive letter addressed to Octa- CA'STICUS, the son of Catamantaledes, a Se-
vianus is to be found in Suetonius (Aug. 4); in quanan, seized the government in his own state,
addition to which we hear from Pliny of an epistle which his father had held before him, at the in-
to Antonius. (Plin. H. N. xxxi. 8. ) Many per- stigation of Orgetorix, about B. c. 50. (Caes. B. G.
sons, and among these Drumann, believe that the i. 3. )
}
2 s 2
## p. 628 (#648) ############################################
628
CASTOR
CASTORION.
a
at
CASTINUS, a general of the emperor Hono- about B. c. 150, and can have had no connexion
rius, who was sent, in A. D. 422, with an army with the Deiotarus for whom Cicero spoke. (Conr
into Spain against the Vandals. At the same pare Vossius, De Hist. Gruec. p. 202, ed. Wester-
time Bonifacius, another general of Honorius, was mann; Orelli, Onomast. Tull. ii. p. 138, in both of
likewise engaged against the Vandals in Spain, which there is much confusion about Castor. ) [L. S. )
but Castinus offended him so much by his arro- CASTOR (Káorwr), a distinguished citizen of
gant and imprudent conduct, that he withdrew Phanagoria, who had once been ill treated by
from the war. After the death of Honorius, in Tryphon, a eunuch of Mithridates the Great.
A. D. 423, Castinus was believed to be supporting When the king, after his defeat by Pompey,
secretly the usurper Joannes ; and accordingly came to Phanagoria, Castor avenged himself by
when the usurper was put to death in A. D. 425, murdering Tryphon. Pompey afterwards honour-
Castinus was sent into exile. (Prosp. Aquit. ed him with the title of friend of the Roman peo-
Chron. Integr. p. 651, ed. Roncall. ) [L. S. ) ple. (Appian, Mithrid. 108, 114. ) (L. S. )
CASTOR, brother of Polydeuces. (DIOSCURI. ] CASTOR, the chamberlain and confidential
CASTOR, grandson of Deiotarus. (DEiOta- adviser of Septimius Severus. Being the most
RUS. )
upright of all the courtiers, he became an object of
CASTOR (Kártwp), either a native of Rhodes, suspicion and hatred to Caracalla, who upon as
of Massilia, or of Galatia, was a Greek grammarian cending the throne immediately put him to death,
and rhetorician, who was surnamed ølopuuaios, having failed in an attempt, during the lifetime of
and is usually believed to have lived about the Severus, to destroy him by treachery. (Dion
time of Cicero and Julius Caesar. He wrote, ac- Cass. lxxvi. 14, lxxvii. 1. )
(W. R. )
cording to Suidas (if we adopt the readings of CASTOR, bishop of Apt, was born
Bernhardy, the last editor): 1. 'Avaypaori TWY Nismes about the middle of the fourth century,
Janaoookpatnoávrwv, in two books. 2. Xpovind and married an heiress, by whom he had a daugh-
dyvoýuata, which is also referred to by Apollodorus ter. The family being fired with holy zeal, agreed
(ii. 1. $ 3). 3. Nepi é rexeipnuátwv, in nine books. to separate, in order that they might devote their
4. Tepi TesBolls, in two books. 5. Iepl toú Nellov. wealth to the endowment of religious establish-
6. Téxin ýmtoping), of which a portion is still ex- ments, and their lives to seclusion and sanctity.
tant and printed in Walz's Rhetores Graeci (iii. p. Accordingly, they founded an abbey and a convent
712, &c. ). To these works Clinton (Fast. Hell. in Provence; the husband retired to the former,
jii. p. 546) adds a great chronological work (xpo- the wife and her daughter took the veil in the lat-
vixd or xpovo oyla), which is referred to several ter. There is still extant a letter addressed by
times by Eusebius (Chron. ad Ann. 989, 161, 562, Castor to Cassianus (CASSIANUS), soliciting infor-
&c. ), though it is not quite certain whether this is mation with regard to the rules observed in the
not the same work as the χρονικά αγνοήματα men- monasteries of Palestine and Egypt. This request
tioned above. He is frequently referred to as an was speedily complied with, and produced the
authority in historical matters, though no historical work Institutiones Coenobiorum,” dedicated to
work is specified, so that those references may al- Castor, which was followed by the “ Collationes
lude to any of the above-mentioned works. (Euseb. Patrum," addressed to his brother, Leontius. The
Praep. Evang. x. 3, Chron. i. 13, p. 36 ; Justin death of Castor took place in September, 419. We
Mart. Parven. ad Graec. p. 9. ) His partiality to are told by Vincent St. Laurent, in the “Biographie
the Romans is indicated by his sumame; but in Universelle,” that at a recent period the archives
what manner he shewed this partiality is unknown, of the cathedral of Apt contained a MS. life of its
though it may have been in a work mentioned by canonized prelate, which were enumerated with
Plutarch (Quaest. Rom. 10, 76, comp. De Is. et Os. circumstantial details all the miracles ascribed to
31), in which he compared the institutions of the him.
Romans with those of Pythagoras. Suidas de The letter above-mentioned, which is composed
scribes the grammarian and rhetorician Castor as a in a very rude and harsh style, was first discovered
son-in-law of the Galatian king Deiotarus (whom, by Gazet, was prefixed to the “ Institutiones” in
however, he calls a Roman senator ! ), who not his edition of Cassianus, and republished in a more
withstanding afterwards put to death both Castor correct form, from a MS. in the Royal Library at
and his wife, because Castor had brought charges Paris, by Baluze in his edition of Salvianus and
against him before Caesar,-evidently alluding to Vincentius Lirinensis, Paris, 1663, 8vo. , and in
the affair in which Cicero defended Deiotarus. The the reprint at Bremen, 1688, 4to. ; it is also found
Castor whom Suidas thus makes a relative of Deio- in the edition of Vincentius, Paris, 1669. (Schoene
tarus, appears to be the same as the Castor men- mann, Bibl. Patrum Lotin. v. 27. ) [W. R. )
tioned by Strabo (xii. p. 568; comp. Caes. B. C. CASTOR, ANTONIUS, an eminent botanist
ii.
4) who was surnamed Saocondarius, was a son- at Rome in the first century after Christ, who is
in-law of Deiotarus, and was put to death by him. several times quoted and mentioned by Pliny. He
But it is, to say the least, extremely doubtful whe enjoyed a great reputation, possessed a botanical
ther the rhetorician had any connexion with the garden of his own (which is probably the earliest
family of Deiotarus at all. The Castor who brought on record), and lived more than a hundred years,
Deiotarus into peril is expressly called a grandson in perfect health both of body and mind. (Plin.
of that king, and was yet a young man at the time | H. N. xxv. 5. )
(W. A. G. )
(B. C. 44) when Cicero spoke for Deiotarus. (Cic. CASTOR, TARCONDA'RIUS, of Galatia, with
pro Deiot. 1, 10. ) Now we have seen above that Dorylaus, gave 300 horsemen to Pompey's army in
one of the works of Castor is referred to in the
B. C. 49. (Caes. B. C. jj. 4. )
Bibliotheca of Apollodorus, who died somewhere CASTO'RION (Kaotopiwv), of Soli, is men-
about B. c. 140. The conclusion, therefore, must tioned by Athenaeus (x. p. 454) as the author of
be, that the rhetorician Castor must have lived at a poum on Pan, of which he quotes a fragment :
or before the time of A pollodorus, at the latest, | but nothing further is known about him. (L. S. )
## p. 629 (#649) ############################################
CATILINA.
629
CATILINA.
CASTRI'CIUS. 1. M. CASTRICIUS, the chief | catalogue. Although his yonth was spent in the
magistrate of Placentia, who refused to give hos- most reckless extravagance, and in the open indu)-
tnges to Cn. Papirius Carbo, when he appeared gence of every vice ; although he was known 10
before the town in B. C. 84. (Val. Max. vi. 2. $ have been guilty of various acts of the foulest and
10. )
most revolting debauchery; although he had incurred
2. M. CASTRICIUS, a Roman merchant in Asia, the suspicion of an intrigue with the Vestal Fabia,
who received a public funeral from the inhabitants sister of Terentia; and although it was said and be-
of Smyrna (Cic. pro Flacc. 23, 31. ) He is pro- lieved that he had made away with his first wife
bably the same person as the M. Castricius men- and afterwards with his son, in order that he might
tioned in the Verrine Orations (iii. 30), but must wed the fair and rich but worthless Aurelia Ores-
be different from the one spoken of in B. C. 44 tilla, who objected to the presence of a grown-up
(ad Att. xii. 28), as the speech for Flaccus, in step-child, yet this complicated infamy appears to
which the death of the former is recorded, was have formed no bar to his regular political advance-
delivered as early as B. c. 59.
ment,-for he attained to the dignity of praetor in
3. CASTRICIUS gave information to Augustus B. C. 68, was governor of Africa during the follow-
respecting the conspiracy of Murena. (Suet. Aug. ing year, and returned to Rome in 66, in order
56. )
to press his suit for the consulship. The election
4. T. CASTRICIUS, a rhetorician at Rome, con- for 65 was carried by P. Autronius Paetus and
temporary with A. Gellius, by whom he is fre- P. Cornelius Sulla, both of whom were soon after
quently mentioned. (Gell
. i. 6, xi. 13, xiii. 21 ; convicted of bribery, and their places supplied
comp. Front. Epist. ii. 2, p. 210. )
by their competitors and accusers, L. Aurelius
L. CASTRI'NIUS PAETUS. (PAETUS] Cotta and L. Manlius Torquatus, Catiline, who
L. CASTRO'NIUS PAETUS. (PAETUS. ] was desirous of becoming a candidate, having been
CATAE'BATES ( Karaibátns), occurs as a disqualified in consequence of an impeachment for
bumame of several gods. 1. Of Zeus, who is oppression in his province, preferred by P. Clodius
described by it as the god who descends in thunder Pulcher, afterwards so celebrated as the implacable
and lightning. Under this name he had an altar enemy of Cicero. Exasperated by their disappoint-
at Olympia (Paus. v. 14. $ 8; Lycophr. 1370. ) ment, Autronius and Catiline forth with formed a
Places which had been struck by lightning, i. e. on project along with a certain Cn. Calpurnius Piso, a
which Zeus Cataebates had descended, were sacred young man of high family, but turbulent, needy,
to him. (Pollux, ix. 41; Suid. and Hesych. s. v. ) and profligate, to murder the new consuls upon the
2. Of Acheron, being the first river to which the first of January, when offering up their vows in
shades descended in the lower world. 3. Of the Capitol, after which Autronius and Catiline
Apollo, who was invoked by this name to grant a were to seize the fasces, and Piso was to be des
happy return home (katábadus) to those who were patched with an army to occupy the Spains. Some
travelling abroad. (Eurip. Bacch. 1358 ; Schol. rumours of what was in contemplation having been
ad Eurip. Phoen. 1416. ) 4. Or Hermes, who con- spread abroad, such precautions were taken that
ducted the shades into Hades. (Schol. ad Aristoph. the conspirators were induced to delay the execu-
Pac. 649. )
(LS. ) tion of their plan until the 5th of February, re-
CATAMANTA'LEDES, king of the Sequani solving at the same time to include many of the
in the former half of the first century B. C. , had leading men of the state in the proposed massacre.
received the title of friend from the senate and This extraordinary design is said to have been
the Roman people. (Caes. B. G. i. 3. )
frustrated solely by the impatience of Catiline,
CATAMITUS, the Roman name for Gany- who, upon the appointed day, gave the signal pre-
medes, of which it is only a corrupt form. (Plaut. maturely, before the whole of the armed agents bad
Menaech. i. 2. 34; Fest. s. v. Catamitum. ) (L. S. ] assembled, and thus confounded the preconcerted
CATHA'RSIUS (Kabápoios), the purifyer or combinations. The danger being past, certain re-
atoner, a surname of Zeus, under which he in con- solutions were proposed in the senate with regard
junction with Nice had a temple at Olympia. to the authors of this abortive attempt ; but the
(Paus. v. 14. $ 6. )
[L. S. ] proceedings were quashed by the intercession of a
T. CATIE'NUS, described by Cicero as a low tribune. The plot was, however, a matter of com-
and mean fellow, but of equestrian rank, who was mon discussion, and no one seems to have enter-
angry with Q. Cicero. (Cic. ad Qu. Fr. i. 2. $ 2. ) tained any doubt of its reality, while many did
CATILI'NA, L. SEʻRGIUS, the descendant not scruple to assert that M. Crassus, and Julius
of an ancient patrician family which had sunk Caesar, who was then aedile, were deeply involved.
first appears in history as a zealous (Q. Cic
. de pet. Cons. 2, &c; Asconius in Fog.
partizan of Sulla. During the horrors of the great cand. and in Cornel ; Sall. Cati. 15–18; Liv.
proscription, among many other victims, he killed, Epit. 101 ; Dion Cass. xxxvi. 27 ; Sueton. Jul. 9; .
with his own hand, his brother-in-law, Q. Caecilius, Cic. pro Sulla, 1—24, pro Muren. 38, pro Cael. 4,
described as a quiet inoffensive man, and having in Catil. i. 6. ) [Comp. p. 540, b. ]
seized and tortured the well-known and popular Encouraged rather than disheartened by a failure
M. Marius Gratidianus, the kinsman and fellow- which had so nearly proved a triumph, and which
townsman of Cicero, cut off his head, and bore it had so distinctly demonstrated the practicability of
in triumph through the city.
