Gennadius Maxápios ;
Nicephorus
Callisti, Histor.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - b
18, iii.
28.
) He appears to have been lost.
Some pieces of little moment have been
the legal adviser of Gregory, patriarch of Antioch; ascribed to Evagrius, but most or all of them incor-
and some of his memorials, drawn up in the name rectly. (Evagrius, Hist. Eccles. iv. 26, 29, vi. 7,
of the patriarch, obtained the notice and approval | 8, 23, 21; Photius, Biblioth. Cod. 29; Nicepho
of the emperor Tiberius, who gave Evagrius, not as rus Callisti, Hist. Eccles. i. 1, xvi. 31; Fabric.
some have understood, the quaestorship, but the Bill. Graec. vol. vii. p. 432,
## p. 57 (#73) ##############################################
EVAGRIUS.
zen
"
EVAGRIUS.
57
4. Of PONTUS, an eminent ascetic and ecclesias | mana, a lady who had devoted herself to a religious
tical writer. The place of his birth was probably life, and had become very eminent, induced him
I bora, a small town in Pontus, on the shore of the to renounce the world, and give himself up to an
Euxine near the mouth of the Halys ; but the ex- ascetic life. He receired the monastic garb from
pressions of Nicephorus Callisti would rather imply the hands of Melania, and departed for Egypt,
that he was of the race of the Iberians, who in the cradle of monasticism, where he spent the re-
habited the modern Georgia, on the southern side mainder of his life. Some copies of Palladius are
of the Caucasus. Palladius, his disciple, says he thought to speak of u visit made by him to Con-
was of Pontus, of the city (or rather a city) of the stantinople, in A. D. 394; but the passage is obscure,
Iberians (Tónews '16“pwr, or as one MS. , according and Tillemont and the Greek text of Palladius, in
to Tillemont, has it, '16úpwr), which is ambiguous. the Bibliotheca Patrum, refer the incident to Am-
Jerome calls him “ Hyperborita," an expression monius Socrates states that he accompanied
which Martianay, the Benedictine editor of Jerome's Gregory Nazianzen into Egypt; but there is no
works, alters to “Iberita," and which has given oc- reason to think that Gregory visited Egypt at that
casion to other conjectural emendations. (Cotelerius, time. Evagrius's removal into Egypt was pro-
Eccles. Graec. Monumenta, vol. iii. p. 543. ) Hisbably late in A. D. 382, or in 383. The remainder
father was a presbyter, or perhaps a chorepiscopus of his life was spent on the hills of Nitria, in one
(Heraclides, apud Tillemont. ) He was placed in of the hermitages or monasteries of Scetis or Scitis,
early life under the instruction of Gregory Nazian- or in the desert “ of the Cells," to which, after a
There is extant a letter of Gregory to an time, he withdrew. He was acquainted with se-
Evagrius, to whom he expresses his pleasure at the veral of the more eminent solitaries of the coun-
growing reputation of one whom he terms “ our try, the two Macarii, Ammonius, and others,
son,” and of whom he had been the instructor both whose reputation for austerity of life, sanctity and
in literature and religion. If, as conjectured, miracles (especially healing the sick and casting
this letter refers to our Evagrius, his father and he out daemons) he emulated. He learned here, says
were of the same name. Gregory also in his will Socrates, to be a philosopher in action, as he
leaves a legacy, with strong expressions of regard, had before learned to be one in words. He had
to Evagrius the deacon ; but it is not certain that many disciples in the monastic life, of whom Pal-
this is our Evagrius. Evagrius was appointed ladius was one. His approval of the answer
reader by the great Basil, and was ordained deacon which one of the solitaries gave to the person
either by Gregory Nyssen or Gregory Nazianzen. who informed him of the death of his father :
According to Socrates, he was ordained at Con- “ Cease to blaspheme; for my Father (meaning
stantinople by Gregory Nazianzen; and Sozomen God) is immortal,” shews that Jerome's sarcastic
says, that when Gregory occupied the see of Con- remark, that he recommended an apathy which
stantinople, he made Evagrius his archdeacon. If would shew that a man was “ either a stone or
these statements are received, the removal of Eva- God," was not undeserved. Theophilus, patriarch
grius to Constantinople must be placed during or of Alexandria, would have ordained him a bishop;
before the short time (A. D. 379 to 381) of but he fled from him to avoid an elevation which
Gregory's episcopate at Constantinople. But ac- he did not covet. Palladius has recorded many
cording to Palladius (whose personal connexion singular instances of his temptations and austeri-
with Evagrius would make his testimony preferable, ties; and, besides a separate memoir of him, has
if the text of his Lausiac History was in a more mentioned him in his notices of several other lead-
satisfactory state), Evagrius was ordained deacon ing monks. Evagrius died apparently about A. D.
by Gregory Nyssen, and taken by him to the first 399, at the age of fifty-four.
council of Constantinople (the second general coun- There is considerable difficulty in ascertaining
cil), and left by him in that city, under the pa- what were the writings of Evagrius. Some are
tronage of Nectarius, who succeeded Gregory known to us only from the notice of them in an-
Nazianzen. The age and intellectual character of cient writers, others are extant only in a Latin
Evagrius disposed him to polemical discussion ; and version, and of others we have only disjointed
" he obtained high reputation in controversy," says fragments. As nearly as we can ascertain, he is
Palladius, " in the great city, exulting with the the author of the following works :- 1. Movayds
ardour of youth in opposing every form of heresy. " (perhaps we should read Movaxınòs) 1 tepe Mpak-
His popularity was probably increased by the Tikîs. Fragments of this work, but apparently
beauty of his person, which he set off by great much interpolated, are given in the Monumenta
attention to his dress. The handsome deacon won Eccles. Graec. of Cotelerius, vol. iii. pp. 68-102,
and returned the affection of a married lady of rank; and in the edition of the Dialogus Vita St.
but Evagrius, though vain, was not profligate, and Joannis Chrysostomi, erroneously ascribed to Palo
struggled hard against the sinful passion. It is ladius, published by Emmer. Bigotius (4to. , Paris,
doubtful, however, if he would have broken away 1680) pp. 349–355. Possibly the whole work
from the snare, but for an extraordinary dream ; in is extant in these fragments (which are all given
which he dreamed that he took a solemn oath to in the Bibliotheca Patrum of Gallandius, vol. vii. );
leave Constantinople. Deeming himself bound by although a quotation given by Socrates (Hist.
his oath, he at once left the city; and by this step, Eccles. iii. 7) as from this work (but which Cote-
according to Sozomen, preserved not only his vir- lerius considers was probably taken from the next-
tue, but his life, which was in imminent danger mentioned work) is not included in it. An intro-
from the jealousy of the lady's husband. His first ductory address to Anatolius, given by Cotelerius,
sojourn after leaving Constantinople, was at Jeru- was evidently designed as a preface both to this
salem. Here, recovering from the alarm into which work and the next. A Latin translation of the
his dream had thrown him, he gave way again to Monachus was revised by Gennadius, who lived
vanity and the love of dress ; but a long and se toward the close of the fifth century. 2. Cowo-
vere illness, and the exhortation of Melania Ro- τικός η. προς τον καταξιωθέντα (or περί του
;
## p. 58 (#74) ##############################################
58
EVALCES.
EVAGRIUS.
Kata}. 60 évtos) yra'oews, in fifty chapters, and assigned by him, on the authority of his MS.
Εξακόσια Προγνωστικά Προβλήματα. These two to Evagrius. Gallandius positively ascribes the
pieces, which are by ancient and modern writ- sermon to Basil of Caesarcia. 12. 'Trouvnuata eis
ers noticed as distinct works, are by the writer Napowias Toù Loouurtos, mentioned by Suidas
himself, in the address to Anatolius just men-(s. o. Eváyplos). Some understand Suidas to mean
tioned, regarded as one work, in six hundred and not “Notes on the Proverbs,” but a "work on
fifty chapters. Perhaps the complete work consti- the model of the Proverbs of Solomon," and
tuted the 'lepé, one of the three works of Eva- suppose that the Etixmpa are referred to. Fabri-
grius mentioned by Palladius. The fifty chapters cius, however, is inclined to regard it as a com-
of the WoTikós were first translated into Latin mentary. 3. Tepl Doylouw, and 14. 'ATOQBége
by Gennadius. It is possible that the “ prucas Hata repl Twv meydawn gyepórtwv, both mentioned
sententiolas valde obscuras," also translated by by Cotelerius (Eccles. Graec. Mon. vol. iii. pp. 547,
Gennadivs, were a fragment of the Npobavuara: 552) as extant in MS. 15. Trithemius ascribes
Fabricius thinks that the treatise entitled Capita to Evagrius “ a work on the life of the Holy Fa-
Gnostica published in Greek and Latin by Suare-thers ;" but he either refers to one of his works on
sius, in his edition of the works of St. Nilus, is the monastic life," or has been misled by passages
the I'vwOTIKÓS of Evagring. 3. 'AVT:PPOTIKÒS (or in Gennadius and Jerome. It is doubtful, however,
Αντιρρητικά) από των θείων γραφών, προς τους | whether these and several others of his writings
Teipásovras Saluovas. This work was translated extant in MS. and variously entitled, are distinct
by Gennadius. It was divided into eight sections works, or simply compilations or extracts from
corresponding to the eight eril thoughts. Fabri- some of the above. The genuineness of several of
cius and Gallandius consider that the fragment the above works must be regarded as doubtful.
given by Bigotius (as already noticed) is a portion There are many citations from Evagrius in different
or compendium of this work, the scriptural pas- writers, in the Scholia to the works of others, and
sages being omitted. But although that fmgmnent, in the Catenae on different books of Scripture.
a Latin version of which, with some additional Jerome attests that his works were generally read
sentences not found in the Greek, appears in the in the East in their original Greek, and in the West
Biblioth. Patrum (vol. v. p. 902, ed. Paris, 1610, vol. in a Latin version made“ by his disciple Rufinus. "
iv. p. 925, ed. Cologn. 1618, vol. v. p. 698, ed. Paris, Jerome appears to hare been the first to raise
1654, and vol. xxvii. p. 97, ed. Lyon; 1677) treats the cry of heresy against Evagrius. The editors of
of the eight evil thoughts, it belongs, we think, to the Bibliotheca Patrum (except Gallandius) prefix
the Μοναχός rather than the 'Αντιρρητικός. 4. to the portions of his works which they publish a
Stixnpa dúo, two collections of sentences, pos- prefatory careat. He is charged with perpetuating
sibly in verse, one addressed to Coenobites or the errors of Origen, and anticipating those of Pe-
monks, the other to a virgin, or to women devoted lagius. Tillemont vindicates him from these
to a life of virginity. A Latin version of these charges. Some of his opinions, as coincident with
appears in the Appendix to the Codex Regularum those of Origen, were condemned, according to
of Holstenius, 4to. , Rome, 1661, and reprinted in Nicephorus Callisti, at the fifth general (second
vol. i. pp. 465-468 of the Augsburg edition of Constantinopolitan) council, A. D. 553. (Socrates,
1759, and in the Biblioth. Patrum, vol. xxvii. pp. Hist. Eccles. iv. 23 ; Sozomen, list. Eccles, vi. 30;
469, 470, ed. Lyon, 1677, and vol. vii. of the edi- Palladius, Hist. Lausiac. c. 86, in the Bibi. Pa-
tion of Gallandius. Jerome, who mentions the trum, vol. xiii. , ed Paris, 1654; Hieronymus, ad
two parts of these Erixnpa, appears to refer to a Clesiphontem adr. Pelagiunos, Opera, rol. iv. p.
third part addressed “ to her whose name of black-476, ed. Martianay, Paris, 1693 ; Greg. Nazianz.
ness attests the darkness of her perfidy," i. e. to Opera, pp. 870-71, ed. Paris, 1630 ; Gennadius,
Melania Romana; but this work, if Jerome is cor- de Viris Illustr. c. 11; Suidas, s. r. Eưáypros and
rect in his mention of it, is now lost.
Gennadius Maxápios ; Nicephorus Callisti, Histor. Eccles. xi.
mentions the two parts, not the third : and it is 37, 42, 43; Trithemius, de Scriptor. Eccles. c. 85;
possible that, as Cave supposes, these, not the Cotelerius, Eccles. Graec. Monum. rol iii. p.
I'vWoTikós, may constitute the 'lepá of Palladius. 68, &c. , and notes ; Tillemont, Mémoires, vol. I.
5. Twv kată Movaxwv #payuátwv td atria, extant p. 368, &c. ; Fabric. Bill. Graec. vol. vii. p. 431,
in Cotelerius, Eccles. Graec. Mon. vol. iii. , and vol viii. pp. 661,679,695, vol. ix. p. 281, &c. , rol.
Gallandius, Bibl. Patrum, vol. vii. , are noticed in x. p. 10; Gallandius, Biblioth. Patrum, rol. vii. ;
the Vitae Patrum of Rosweid, and are perhaps Oudin. Comment. de Scriptor. Eccles. vol. i. p. 883,
referred to by Jerome, who says that Evagrius wrote &c. ; Cave, Hist. Lit. vol. i. p. 275. ed. Oxon. 1740-43. )
a book and sentences Περί 'Aπαθείας ; in which 5. An Evagrius, expressly distinguished by Gen-
words he may describe the Movaxós and this work nadius from Evagrius of Pontus, wrote a work
Twv kata Movaxwv, both which are contained in celebrated in its day, called Altercatio inter Theo
one MS. used by Cotelerius. 6. A. fragment Els phium Christianum et Simeonem Judaeum. It is
Tò mini (17974), or the tetragrammaton and other published by Gallandius. (Gennadius, de l'iris
names of God used in the Hebrew Scriptures, Ilustribus, c. 50; Gallandius, Biblioth. Patrum,
published by Cotelerius and Gallandius (Il. cc. ) vol. ix. Proleg. p. xvii. and p. 250, &c. )
7. Κεφάλαια λγ κατ' ακολουθίαν. 8. Πνευματικαί 6. An Evagrius, supposed by some to be
γνώμαι κατά αλφάβητον. 9. "Etepar yuwuai. Eragrius of Pontus, but not so if we may judge
These three pieces are published by Gallandius as from the subject, wrote a treatise described as l'a-
the works of Evagrius, whose claim to the author- riarum Considerationum sive de Sermonis Discrimine
ship of them he vindicates. They have been com- Capita quinquaginta quatuor, extant in the MS. in
monly confounded with the works of St. Nilus. the library of the Escurial (Fabric. Bill. Graec.
10. Il. The life of the monk Pachrom ar Pahro- vol. vi. pp. 338, 367. )
[J. C. M. )
mius ; and A Sermon on the Trinity, both published EVALCES (Eřákns), is referred to by Athe
by Suaresius among the works of St. Nilus, but naeus (xiii
. p. 573) as the author of a work on
## p. 59 (#75) ##############################################
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is works
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EVANDER.
EVANTHES.
59
Ephesus (Εφεσιακά). There are a few other per-|Rome in B. C. 50, in a part of the house of Menie
Bons of the same name, concerning whom nothing mius, and was on friendly terms with Cicero, froin
of interest is known. (Xen. Hell. iv. I. $ 40; whose letters we learn that he was a sculptor. He
Anthol. Gracc. vi. 262. )
[L. S. ) seems to have been a freedman of M. Aemilius
EVANDER (Eŭaropos). 1. A son of Hermes Avianius. (Ad Fam. vii. 23, xiii. 2. ) (L. S. ]
by an Arcadian nymph, a daughter of Ladon, who EVANDER, AULA'NIUS, a sculptor and sil-
is called Themis or Nicostrata, and in Roman tra- ver chaser, born at Athens, whence he was tnken
ditions Carmenta or Tiburtis. (Paus. viii. 43. § 2; by M. Antonius to Alexandria. At the over-
Plut. Quaest. Rom. 53; Dionys. A. R. i. 31 ; throw of Antony he fell into the power of Octavian,
Serv. ad Aen. viii. 336. ) Evander is also called a and was carried among the captives to Rome, where
son of Echemus and Timandra. (Scrv, ad Aen. he executed many admirable works. Pliny men-
viii. 130. ) About sixty years previous to the tions a statue of Diana at Rome by Timotheus,
Trojan war, Evander is said to have led a Pelas- the head of which was restored by Evander. (Plin.
gian colony from Pallantium in Arcadia into Italy. xxxvi. 5. 8. 4. $ 10; Thiersch, Epochen, pp. 303,
The cause of this emigration was, according to 304. ) Some writers suppose that llorace refers to
Dionysius, a civil feud among the people, in which his works (Sat. i. 3. 90), but the pass:ige scems to
the party of Evander was defeated, and therefore be rather a satirical allusion to vases prized for
left their country of their own accord. Servius, their antiquity-as old as king Evander. (P. S. )
on the other hand, relates that Evander had killed EVANEMUS (Evavenos), the giver of favour-
his father at the instigation of his mother, and able wind, was a surname of Zeus, under which
that he was obliged to quit Arcadia on that ac- the god had a sanctuary at Sparta. (Paus. iii. 13.
count. (Serv. ad Aen. viii. 51; comp. Ov. Fust. i. & 5; comp. Theocrit. xxviii. 5. ) (L. S. )
480.
the legal adviser of Gregory, patriarch of Antioch; ascribed to Evagrius, but most or all of them incor-
and some of his memorials, drawn up in the name rectly. (Evagrius, Hist. Eccles. iv. 26, 29, vi. 7,
of the patriarch, obtained the notice and approval | 8, 23, 21; Photius, Biblioth. Cod. 29; Nicepho
of the emperor Tiberius, who gave Evagrius, not as rus Callisti, Hist. Eccles. i. 1, xvi. 31; Fabric.
some have understood, the quaestorship, but the Bill. Graec. vol. vii. p. 432,
## p. 57 (#73) ##############################################
EVAGRIUS.
zen
"
EVAGRIUS.
57
4. Of PONTUS, an eminent ascetic and ecclesias | mana, a lady who had devoted herself to a religious
tical writer. The place of his birth was probably life, and had become very eminent, induced him
I bora, a small town in Pontus, on the shore of the to renounce the world, and give himself up to an
Euxine near the mouth of the Halys ; but the ex- ascetic life. He receired the monastic garb from
pressions of Nicephorus Callisti would rather imply the hands of Melania, and departed for Egypt,
that he was of the race of the Iberians, who in the cradle of monasticism, where he spent the re-
habited the modern Georgia, on the southern side mainder of his life. Some copies of Palladius are
of the Caucasus. Palladius, his disciple, says he thought to speak of u visit made by him to Con-
was of Pontus, of the city (or rather a city) of the stantinople, in A. D. 394; but the passage is obscure,
Iberians (Tónews '16“pwr, or as one MS. , according and Tillemont and the Greek text of Palladius, in
to Tillemont, has it, '16úpwr), which is ambiguous. the Bibliotheca Patrum, refer the incident to Am-
Jerome calls him “ Hyperborita," an expression monius Socrates states that he accompanied
which Martianay, the Benedictine editor of Jerome's Gregory Nazianzen into Egypt; but there is no
works, alters to “Iberita," and which has given oc- reason to think that Gregory visited Egypt at that
casion to other conjectural emendations. (Cotelerius, time. Evagrius's removal into Egypt was pro-
Eccles. Graec. Monumenta, vol. iii. p. 543. ) Hisbably late in A. D. 382, or in 383. The remainder
father was a presbyter, or perhaps a chorepiscopus of his life was spent on the hills of Nitria, in one
(Heraclides, apud Tillemont. ) He was placed in of the hermitages or monasteries of Scetis or Scitis,
early life under the instruction of Gregory Nazian- or in the desert “ of the Cells," to which, after a
There is extant a letter of Gregory to an time, he withdrew. He was acquainted with se-
Evagrius, to whom he expresses his pleasure at the veral of the more eminent solitaries of the coun-
growing reputation of one whom he terms “ our try, the two Macarii, Ammonius, and others,
son,” and of whom he had been the instructor both whose reputation for austerity of life, sanctity and
in literature and religion. If, as conjectured, miracles (especially healing the sick and casting
this letter refers to our Evagrius, his father and he out daemons) he emulated. He learned here, says
were of the same name. Gregory also in his will Socrates, to be a philosopher in action, as he
leaves a legacy, with strong expressions of regard, had before learned to be one in words. He had
to Evagrius the deacon ; but it is not certain that many disciples in the monastic life, of whom Pal-
this is our Evagrius. Evagrius was appointed ladius was one. His approval of the answer
reader by the great Basil, and was ordained deacon which one of the solitaries gave to the person
either by Gregory Nyssen or Gregory Nazianzen. who informed him of the death of his father :
According to Socrates, he was ordained at Con- “ Cease to blaspheme; for my Father (meaning
stantinople by Gregory Nazianzen; and Sozomen God) is immortal,” shews that Jerome's sarcastic
says, that when Gregory occupied the see of Con- remark, that he recommended an apathy which
stantinople, he made Evagrius his archdeacon. If would shew that a man was “ either a stone or
these statements are received, the removal of Eva- God," was not undeserved. Theophilus, patriarch
grius to Constantinople must be placed during or of Alexandria, would have ordained him a bishop;
before the short time (A. D. 379 to 381) of but he fled from him to avoid an elevation which
Gregory's episcopate at Constantinople. But ac- he did not covet. Palladius has recorded many
cording to Palladius (whose personal connexion singular instances of his temptations and austeri-
with Evagrius would make his testimony preferable, ties; and, besides a separate memoir of him, has
if the text of his Lausiac History was in a more mentioned him in his notices of several other lead-
satisfactory state), Evagrius was ordained deacon ing monks. Evagrius died apparently about A. D.
by Gregory Nyssen, and taken by him to the first 399, at the age of fifty-four.
council of Constantinople (the second general coun- There is considerable difficulty in ascertaining
cil), and left by him in that city, under the pa- what were the writings of Evagrius. Some are
tronage of Nectarius, who succeeded Gregory known to us only from the notice of them in an-
Nazianzen. The age and intellectual character of cient writers, others are extant only in a Latin
Evagrius disposed him to polemical discussion ; and version, and of others we have only disjointed
" he obtained high reputation in controversy," says fragments. As nearly as we can ascertain, he is
Palladius, " in the great city, exulting with the the author of the following works :- 1. Movayds
ardour of youth in opposing every form of heresy. " (perhaps we should read Movaxınòs) 1 tepe Mpak-
His popularity was probably increased by the Tikîs. Fragments of this work, but apparently
beauty of his person, which he set off by great much interpolated, are given in the Monumenta
attention to his dress. The handsome deacon won Eccles. Graec. of Cotelerius, vol. iii. pp. 68-102,
and returned the affection of a married lady of rank; and in the edition of the Dialogus Vita St.
but Evagrius, though vain, was not profligate, and Joannis Chrysostomi, erroneously ascribed to Palo
struggled hard against the sinful passion. It is ladius, published by Emmer. Bigotius (4to. , Paris,
doubtful, however, if he would have broken away 1680) pp. 349–355. Possibly the whole work
from the snare, but for an extraordinary dream ; in is extant in these fragments (which are all given
which he dreamed that he took a solemn oath to in the Bibliotheca Patrum of Gallandius, vol. vii. );
leave Constantinople. Deeming himself bound by although a quotation given by Socrates (Hist.
his oath, he at once left the city; and by this step, Eccles. iii. 7) as from this work (but which Cote-
according to Sozomen, preserved not only his vir- lerius considers was probably taken from the next-
tue, but his life, which was in imminent danger mentioned work) is not included in it. An intro-
from the jealousy of the lady's husband. His first ductory address to Anatolius, given by Cotelerius,
sojourn after leaving Constantinople, was at Jeru- was evidently designed as a preface both to this
salem. Here, recovering from the alarm into which work and the next. A Latin translation of the
his dream had thrown him, he gave way again to Monachus was revised by Gennadius, who lived
vanity and the love of dress ; but a long and se toward the close of the fifth century. 2. Cowo-
vere illness, and the exhortation of Melania Ro- τικός η. προς τον καταξιωθέντα (or περί του
;
## p. 58 (#74) ##############################################
58
EVALCES.
EVAGRIUS.
Kata}. 60 évtos) yra'oews, in fifty chapters, and assigned by him, on the authority of his MS.
Εξακόσια Προγνωστικά Προβλήματα. These two to Evagrius. Gallandius positively ascribes the
pieces, which are by ancient and modern writ- sermon to Basil of Caesarcia. 12. 'Trouvnuata eis
ers noticed as distinct works, are by the writer Napowias Toù Loouurtos, mentioned by Suidas
himself, in the address to Anatolius just men-(s. o. Eváyplos). Some understand Suidas to mean
tioned, regarded as one work, in six hundred and not “Notes on the Proverbs,” but a "work on
fifty chapters. Perhaps the complete work consti- the model of the Proverbs of Solomon," and
tuted the 'lepé, one of the three works of Eva- suppose that the Etixmpa are referred to. Fabri-
grius mentioned by Palladius. The fifty chapters cius, however, is inclined to regard it as a com-
of the WoTikós were first translated into Latin mentary. 3. Tepl Doylouw, and 14. 'ATOQBége
by Gennadius. It is possible that the “ prucas Hata repl Twv meydawn gyepórtwv, both mentioned
sententiolas valde obscuras," also translated by by Cotelerius (Eccles. Graec. Mon. vol. iii. pp. 547,
Gennadivs, were a fragment of the Npobavuara: 552) as extant in MS. 15. Trithemius ascribes
Fabricius thinks that the treatise entitled Capita to Evagrius “ a work on the life of the Holy Fa-
Gnostica published in Greek and Latin by Suare-thers ;" but he either refers to one of his works on
sius, in his edition of the works of St. Nilus, is the monastic life," or has been misled by passages
the I'vwOTIKÓS of Evagring. 3. 'AVT:PPOTIKÒS (or in Gennadius and Jerome. It is doubtful, however,
Αντιρρητικά) από των θείων γραφών, προς τους | whether these and several others of his writings
Teipásovras Saluovas. This work was translated extant in MS. and variously entitled, are distinct
by Gennadius. It was divided into eight sections works, or simply compilations or extracts from
corresponding to the eight eril thoughts. Fabri- some of the above. The genuineness of several of
cius and Gallandius consider that the fragment the above works must be regarded as doubtful.
given by Bigotius (as already noticed) is a portion There are many citations from Evagrius in different
or compendium of this work, the scriptural pas- writers, in the Scholia to the works of others, and
sages being omitted. But although that fmgmnent, in the Catenae on different books of Scripture.
a Latin version of which, with some additional Jerome attests that his works were generally read
sentences not found in the Greek, appears in the in the East in their original Greek, and in the West
Biblioth. Patrum (vol. v. p. 902, ed. Paris, 1610, vol. in a Latin version made“ by his disciple Rufinus. "
iv. p. 925, ed. Cologn. 1618, vol. v. p. 698, ed. Paris, Jerome appears to hare been the first to raise
1654, and vol. xxvii. p. 97, ed. Lyon; 1677) treats the cry of heresy against Evagrius. The editors of
of the eight evil thoughts, it belongs, we think, to the Bibliotheca Patrum (except Gallandius) prefix
the Μοναχός rather than the 'Αντιρρητικός. 4. to the portions of his works which they publish a
Stixnpa dúo, two collections of sentences, pos- prefatory careat. He is charged with perpetuating
sibly in verse, one addressed to Coenobites or the errors of Origen, and anticipating those of Pe-
monks, the other to a virgin, or to women devoted lagius. Tillemont vindicates him from these
to a life of virginity. A Latin version of these charges. Some of his opinions, as coincident with
appears in the Appendix to the Codex Regularum those of Origen, were condemned, according to
of Holstenius, 4to. , Rome, 1661, and reprinted in Nicephorus Callisti, at the fifth general (second
vol. i. pp. 465-468 of the Augsburg edition of Constantinopolitan) council, A. D. 553. (Socrates,
1759, and in the Biblioth. Patrum, vol. xxvii. pp. Hist. Eccles. iv. 23 ; Sozomen, list. Eccles, vi. 30;
469, 470, ed. Lyon, 1677, and vol. vii. of the edi- Palladius, Hist. Lausiac. c. 86, in the Bibi. Pa-
tion of Gallandius. Jerome, who mentions the trum, vol. xiii. , ed Paris, 1654; Hieronymus, ad
two parts of these Erixnpa, appears to refer to a Clesiphontem adr. Pelagiunos, Opera, rol. iv. p.
third part addressed “ to her whose name of black-476, ed. Martianay, Paris, 1693 ; Greg. Nazianz.
ness attests the darkness of her perfidy," i. e. to Opera, pp. 870-71, ed. Paris, 1630 ; Gennadius,
Melania Romana; but this work, if Jerome is cor- de Viris Illustr. c. 11; Suidas, s. r. Eưáypros and
rect in his mention of it, is now lost.
Gennadius Maxápios ; Nicephorus Callisti, Histor. Eccles. xi.
mentions the two parts, not the third : and it is 37, 42, 43; Trithemius, de Scriptor. Eccles. c. 85;
possible that, as Cave supposes, these, not the Cotelerius, Eccles. Graec. Monum. rol iii. p.
I'vWoTikós, may constitute the 'lepá of Palladius. 68, &c. , and notes ; Tillemont, Mémoires, vol. I.
5. Twv kată Movaxwv #payuátwv td atria, extant p. 368, &c. ; Fabric. Bill. Graec. vol. vii. p. 431,
in Cotelerius, Eccles. Graec. Mon. vol. iii. , and vol viii. pp. 661,679,695, vol. ix. p. 281, &c. , rol.
Gallandius, Bibl. Patrum, vol. vii. , are noticed in x. p. 10; Gallandius, Biblioth. Patrum, rol. vii. ;
the Vitae Patrum of Rosweid, and are perhaps Oudin. Comment. de Scriptor. Eccles. vol. i. p. 883,
referred to by Jerome, who says that Evagrius wrote &c. ; Cave, Hist. Lit. vol. i. p. 275. ed. Oxon. 1740-43. )
a book and sentences Περί 'Aπαθείας ; in which 5. An Evagrius, expressly distinguished by Gen-
words he may describe the Movaxós and this work nadius from Evagrius of Pontus, wrote a work
Twv kata Movaxwv, both which are contained in celebrated in its day, called Altercatio inter Theo
one MS. used by Cotelerius. 6. A. fragment Els phium Christianum et Simeonem Judaeum. It is
Tò mini (17974), or the tetragrammaton and other published by Gallandius. (Gennadius, de l'iris
names of God used in the Hebrew Scriptures, Ilustribus, c. 50; Gallandius, Biblioth. Patrum,
published by Cotelerius and Gallandius (Il. cc. ) vol. ix. Proleg. p. xvii. and p. 250, &c. )
7. Κεφάλαια λγ κατ' ακολουθίαν. 8. Πνευματικαί 6. An Evagrius, supposed by some to be
γνώμαι κατά αλφάβητον. 9. "Etepar yuwuai. Eragrius of Pontus, but not so if we may judge
These three pieces are published by Gallandius as from the subject, wrote a treatise described as l'a-
the works of Evagrius, whose claim to the author- riarum Considerationum sive de Sermonis Discrimine
ship of them he vindicates. They have been com- Capita quinquaginta quatuor, extant in the MS. in
monly confounded with the works of St. Nilus. the library of the Escurial (Fabric. Bill. Graec.
10. Il. The life of the monk Pachrom ar Pahro- vol. vi. pp. 338, 367. )
[J. C. M. )
mius ; and A Sermon on the Trinity, both published EVALCES (Eřákns), is referred to by Athe
by Suaresius among the works of St. Nilus, but naeus (xiii
. p. 573) as the author of a work on
## p. 59 (#75) ##############################################
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EVANDER.
EVANTHES.
59
Ephesus (Εφεσιακά). There are a few other per-|Rome in B. C. 50, in a part of the house of Menie
Bons of the same name, concerning whom nothing mius, and was on friendly terms with Cicero, froin
of interest is known. (Xen. Hell. iv. I. $ 40; whose letters we learn that he was a sculptor. He
Anthol. Gracc. vi. 262. )
[L. S. ) seems to have been a freedman of M. Aemilius
EVANDER (Eŭaropos). 1. A son of Hermes Avianius. (Ad Fam. vii. 23, xiii. 2. ) (L. S. ]
by an Arcadian nymph, a daughter of Ladon, who EVANDER, AULA'NIUS, a sculptor and sil-
is called Themis or Nicostrata, and in Roman tra- ver chaser, born at Athens, whence he was tnken
ditions Carmenta or Tiburtis. (Paus. viii. 43. § 2; by M. Antonius to Alexandria. At the over-
Plut. Quaest. Rom. 53; Dionys. A. R. i. 31 ; throw of Antony he fell into the power of Octavian,
Serv. ad Aen. viii. 336. ) Evander is also called a and was carried among the captives to Rome, where
son of Echemus and Timandra. (Scrv, ad Aen. he executed many admirable works. Pliny men-
viii. 130. ) About sixty years previous to the tions a statue of Diana at Rome by Timotheus,
Trojan war, Evander is said to have led a Pelas- the head of which was restored by Evander. (Plin.
gian colony from Pallantium in Arcadia into Italy. xxxvi. 5. 8. 4. $ 10; Thiersch, Epochen, pp. 303,
The cause of this emigration was, according to 304. ) Some writers suppose that llorace refers to
Dionysius, a civil feud among the people, in which his works (Sat. i. 3. 90), but the pass:ige scems to
the party of Evander was defeated, and therefore be rather a satirical allusion to vases prized for
left their country of their own accord. Servius, their antiquity-as old as king Evander. (P. S. )
on the other hand, relates that Evander had killed EVANEMUS (Evavenos), the giver of favour-
his father at the instigation of his mother, and able wind, was a surname of Zeus, under which
that he was obliged to quit Arcadia on that ac- the god had a sanctuary at Sparta. (Paus. iii. 13.
count. (Serv. ad Aen. viii. 51; comp. Ov. Fust. i. & 5; comp. Theocrit. xxviii. 5. ) (L. S. )
480.
