An Ameri-
can editor; born in Washington Township, Cal.
can editor; born in Washington Township, Cal.
Warner - World's Best Literature - v29 - BIographical Dictionary
);
published 1600); King John? (written 1594 ;
acted 159–);“A Midsummer Night's Dream,' writ-
ten and acted 1594-95; published 1600; (King
Richard II. (produced 1595); (All's Well that
Ends Well' (written 1595 (? ); acted 159-); (The
Taming of the Shrew) (written 1596 (? ); acted
159-; published posthumously 1623); Henry
IV. (written or adapted 1597 ; published, Part i.
1598, Part ii. 1690; revised and republished
1600); «The Merry Wives of Windsor) (written
159-; acted 159-; published 1602); (Henry V. '
(written 1598; acted 1599; published, text im-
perfect, 1600); Much Ado about Nothing)
(written 1599 (? ); acted 1599; published 1600);
(As You Like It) (produced 1599); (Twelfth
Night' (written 1599; acted 1001 or 1602); "Julius
Cæsar) (written 1601; acted 1601 ); (Hamlet)
(written 1602; acted 1602 (? ); published by an-
other surreptitiously 1602 or 1603; authorized ed.
1604); (Troilus and Cressida' (written 1603 (? );
acted 1603 ; published 1608 or 1609); Othello)
(written 1604 (? ); acted 1004; published posthu-
mously 1622); (Measure for Measure) (written
1004 (? ); acted 1604; published posthumously);
(Macbeth' (written 1605-6; acted 1606 (? ); re-
vived 1611; published posthumously 1623);
(King Lear) (written 1606; acted 1606; pub-
lished 1608); (Timon of Athens) (written in col-
laboration 1607; acted 160-); (Pericles) (written
in collaboration 1607; published 1008 or 1009);
(Antony and Cleopatra) (written 1607-8; pub-
lished posthumously 1623); (Coriolanus) (writ-
ten 1608 (? ); published posthumously 1623);
Cymbeline) (written 164; acted 1610); A Win-
ter's Tale) (written 16%; acted 1611); (The
Tempest' (written before the winter of 1612-13);
(The Two Noble Kinsmen) (written in col-
laboration (? ); published posthumously 1634);
(Henry VIII. (portions by Shakespeare writ-
ten 1613 (? ); acted 1613; published posthu-
mously 1623). His poems are: (Venus and
Adonis) (1593); “The Rape of Lucrece) (1594);
(Sonnets) (written 1591-94; published 1609);
(A Lover's Complaint (written 1594-98 (? );
published 1609); (The Passionate Pilgrim
(Ist ed. (? ) 1594). The first collected edition of
the plays, under the title (Mr. William Shakes-
peare's comedies, histories, and tragedies. Pub-
lished according to the true original copies,'
appeared in 1623, and is referred to as the
folio of 1623. ” One existing copy has two
canceled leaves from (As You Like It. ) *
Shaler, Nathaniel Southgate. An Ameri-
can geologist; born near Newport, Ky. , Feb.
22, 1841. He is professor of geology at Harvard,
and a versatile and interesting writer in many
important fields. Among his works are the
(Kentucky Geological Reports and Memoirs)
(7 vols. , 1876-82); “On the Nature of Intellectual
Property and its Importance to the State' (1878);
(Aspects of the Earth) (1889); (The Story of
(
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492
SHANKS-SHELLEY
)
our Continent) (1892); (Nature and Man in
North America) (1892); (The Interpretation of
Nature) (1893); “Sea and Land (1894); (The
United States of America) (2 vols. , 1894); and
reports of United States Geological Survey on
Marine Marshes, Fresh-Water Swamps, Soils,
Harbors, etc.
Shanks, William Franklin-Gore. An Amer-
ican journalist and author; born in Shelbyville,
Ky. , April 20, 1837. He was war correspondent
for the New York Herald (1861-65), subsequently
joined the New York Tribune, and was impris-
oned for refusing to divulge the name of a
writer of an article in the paper. Besides his
contributions to periodicals he has published :
(Recollections of Distinguished Generals)
(1865); Bench and Bar) (1868); and a play,
(A Noble Treason (1876).
Sharp, William. A British critic and man
of letters ; born 1856. He has traveled exten-
sively, and contributed to leading publications
throughout the world. His works include (Hu-
manity and Man,' a poem ; (The Conqueror's
Dream, and Other Poems); (Dante Gabriel
Rossetti, a biography; (Shakespeare's Songs,
Poems, and Sonnets); (Sonnets of this Cen-
tury); (Shelley,' a biography; (Romantic Bal-
lads); etc.
Shaw, Albert. An American editor and writer
on municipal government; born in New Lon-
don, O. , July 23, 1857. Since 1891 he has been
the editor of the Review of Reviews in Amer-
ica. Included in his publications are : Icaria :
a Chapter in the History of Communism” (1884);
(Co-operation in a Western City) (1886); and
(The National Revenue) (1888). Municipal
Government in Great Britain and Municipal
Government in Continental Europe) are his
principal works.
Shaw, Henry Wheeler. [“Josh Billings. ”]
An American humorist; born in Lanesboro,
Mass. , April 21, 1818; died in Monterey, Cal. ,
Oct. 14, 1885. During the last twenty years of
his life he contributed regularly to the New
York Weekly. His publications include : Josh
Billings on Ice) (1875); (Josh Billings's Com-
plete Works) (1877); and Josh Billings's Spice-
Box) (1881).
Shea, John Dawson Gilmary. An Ameri.
can author and historical writer; born in New
York, July 22, 1824; died there, 1892. He edited
the Historical Magazine (1859-65); also Frank
Leslie's Chimney Corner. He has written ex-
tensively on the early history and explorations
in the West, and contributed largely to Roman
Catholic denominational literature. Among
other books he has published : (Discovery and
Exploration of the Mississippi Valley) (1853);
(History of Catholic Missions among the In-
dians) (1854); (Account of the New Nether-
lands in 1643-44' (1862); (The Catholic Church
in the United States) (1856); and Life of
Pius IX. (1875).
Shedd, Mrs. Julia Ann (Clark). An Amer-
ican writer on art; born in Newport, Me. ,
Aug. 8, 1834. Besides many contributions to
art periodicals, she has published: (Famous
Painters and Paintings) (1874); (The Ghiberti
Gates) (1876); (Famous Sculptors and Sculpt-
ure) (1881); and (Raphael, his Madonnas and
Holy Families) (1883).
Shedd, William Greenough Thayer. An
educator, author, and Presbyterian clergyman
of eminence; born in Acton, Mass. , June 21,
1820; died in 1894. He was professor in the
University of Vermont (1845-52); in Auburn
Theological Seminary (1852-54); in Andover
Theological Seminary (1854-62); and professor
of Biblical literature in Union Seminary from
1863. He has published numerous historical
and polemic works. Among them are: "Lect-
ures on the Philosophy of History? (1856);
(History of Christian Doctrine) (2 vols. , 1863);
(Sermons to the Natural Man) (1871); Doc-
trine of Endless Punishment) (1885); and
Dogmatic Theology) (3 vols. , 1888-94).
Shelley, Mary (Godwin). An English
writer of works of psychological and historical
fiction, second wife of the poet Shelley; born
at London, Aug. 30, 1797 ; died there, Feb. 21,
1851. Her first story, 'Frankenstein (1818),
won for her a place among the imaginative
writers of England; it was followed by (Val-
perga, a historical romance (1823); “The Last
Man' (1826); “ Lodore' (1835); (Falkner' (1837).
Shelley, Percy Bysshe. The celebrated Eng.
lish poet; born at Field Place, near Horsham,
Sussex, Aug. 4, 1792 ; drowned off the coast of
Italy, July 8, 1822. He wrote: (Zastrozzi? (1810),
a romance; 'St. Irvyne' (1811), a romance ; (The
Necessity of Atheism (1811 ? ), a treatise; A
Poetical Essay on the Existing State of Things)
(1811); An Address to the Irish People' (1812);
Proposals for an Association of those Philan-
thropists who, Convinced of the Inadequacy
of the Moral and Political State of Ireland to
Produce Benefits which are, nevertheless, At-
tainable, are willing to Unite to Accomplish
its Regeneration (1812); 'Queen Mab: A Phil.
osophic Poem (1813); (A Vindication of Nat.
ural Diet! (1813); (A Refutation of Deism)
(1814); (Alastor, or the Spirit of Solitude, and
Other Poems) (1816); (A Proposal for Putting
Reform to the Vote throughout the Kingdom)
(1817); (A Six-Weeks' Tour' (1817), in collabora-
tion with Mary Godwin; (Laon and Cynthia!
(1818), subsequently altered and reissued as "The
Revolt of Islam: A Poem) (1818, some few
copies being erroneously dated 1817); Rosalind
and Helen: A Modern Eclogue; with Other
Poems) (1819); (The Cenci : A Tragedy (1819);
(Prometheus Unbound: A Lyrical Drama)
(1820); (Edipus Tyrannus, or Swellfoot the
Tyrant: A Tragedy in Two Acts; Translated
from the Original Doric) (1820); (Epipsychid-
ion : Verses addressed to the Noble and Unfor-
tunate Lady Emilia V-) (1821); (Adonais:
An Elegy on the Death of John Keats (1821);
(Hellas: A Lyrical Drama) (1822),- the last
of Shelley's works issued during his lifetime.
After his death there appeared : Posthumous
## p. 493 (#509) ############################################
SHELTON - SHINN
493
Poems) (1824); (The Masque of Anarchy: A
Poem; Now First Published) (1832); "The
Shelley Papers) (1833); Essays, Letters from
Abroad, Translations, and Fragments) (1840);
(The Dämon of the World: the First Part
as Published in 1816 with (Alastor); the Sec.
ond Part Deciphered and now First Printed'
(1876). *
Shelton, Frederick William. An American
clergyman, and humorous and satirical writer;
born in Jamaica, N. Y. , 1814; died at Carthage
Landing, N. Y. , June 20, 1881. His publications
include : (The Trollopiad, or Traveling Gen-
tleman in America, a satirical poem (1837);
(Salander and the Dragon,' a romance (1851);
(Up the River,' a series of rural sketches on
the Hudson (1853); Peeps from a Belfry; or,
Parish Sketch-Book) (1855); (Use and Abuse
of Reason); (The Gold Mania); etc.
Shenshin, Afanasy Afanasievich. See Fet.
Shenstone, William. An English poet; born
at the Leasowes, near Halesowen, Shropshire,
November 1714; died there, Feb. II, 1763. His
best-remembered poems are: (The Schoolmis-
tress) (1742); (The Pastoral Ballad? (1743);
and Written in an Inn at Henley. His
(Works) and Letters were collected in three
volumes (1764-69); and his Essays on Men
and Manners) were republished in 1868. *
Sheppard, Elizabeth Sara. An English nov-
elist ; born at Blackheath, 1830; died at Brixton,
March 13, 1862. She wrote the noted (Charles
Auchester (1853), a mystical art novel ; (Coun-
terparts, or the Cross of Love) (1854); (My First
Season) (1855); (The Double Coronet) (1856);
(Rumor, a musical and artistic novel (1858).
Sheridan, Philip Henry. A famous Amer.
ican soldier; born in Albany, N. Y. , March 6,
1831 ; died in Nonquitt, Mass. , Aug. 5, 1888. He
graduated at West Point, July 1, 1853, and
rose through a distinguished career of army
service during which he became successively
major-general, lieutenant-general, and general.
He wrote (Personal Memoirs,' published in 2
vols. , 1888.
Sheridan, Richard Brinsley. An eminent
British dramatist and parliamentary orator ; born
at Dublin, Sept. 30, 1751; died at London, July
7, 1816. His principal dramatic works are : (The
Rivals,' comedy (1774); (The Duenna,' comic
opera (1775); “The School for Scandal, comedy
(1777); (The Critic,' farce (1779). His most
memorable speeches are the Begum Speech,
so-called, made in the trial of Warren Hastings,
and the Perfumery Speech. *
Sherman, Frank Dempster. An American
poet; born at Peekskill, N. Y. , May 6, 1860.
Educated at Columbia College and Harvard
University, he became an instructor in the Co-
lumbia School of Architecture. He has pub-
lished: Madrigals and Catches); Lyrics for
a Lute); and, with John Kendrick Bangs,
(New Waggings of Old Tales); (Little Folk
Lyrics, etc. His poems are a frequent feature
of the magazines.
Sherman, John. An eminent American
statesman; born in Lancaster, O. , May 10, 1823.
He was a delegate to the Whig convention,
1848; first elected to Congress in 1854; Senator,
1861-73, and 1881-87; Secretary of the Treas-
ury, 1877-81; and Secretary of State from 1897.
He is the author of (Selected Speeches and
Reports on Finance and Taxation, 1859–1878)
(New York, 1879); and Recollections of Forty
Years in the House, Senate, and Cabinet. '
Sherman, William Tecumseh. One of the
most distinguished of American generals; born
in Lancaster, O. , Feb. 8, 1820; died in New
York city, Feb. 14, 1891. He graduated at
West Point in 1840 ; resigned from the army
as captain in 1853; was commissioned colonel,
May 13, 1861, and after a long career of active
service, retired from command on Feb. 8, 1884,
as general of the army. He has published:
(Memoirs of Gen. William T. Sherman by Him-
self(2 vols. , New York, 1875 and 1885).
Sherwood, John D. An American writer;
born in Fishkill, N. Y. , Oct. 15, 1818. He
served as a Federal officer through the Civil
War. Besides contributing to periodicals, he
has published the volumes : 'The Case of Cuba)
(1869); Comic History of the United States)
(1870).
Shevchenko, Taras Grigorievich (shev-
chen'ko). A Russian poet; born Feb. 25, 1814;
died in St. Petersburg, Feb. 26, 1861. His
(Kobzar,' a volume of lyrics in the Little Rus-
sian dialect, appeared in 1840 (new cd. 1860),
and became at once popular. (Haidamaki,
one of the greatest of Russian epics, followed
in 1841; after which came Hamalia, Maiax,'
and others.
shillaber, Benjamin Penhallow. ["Mrs.
Partington. ”] An American journalist and
humorist; born in Portsmouth, N. II. , July 12,
1814; died in Chelsea, Mass. , Nov. 25, 1890.
From 1840 to 1866 he was editor of various jour-
nals in Boston. His Life and Sayings of Mrs.
Partington (1854) gained for him world-wide
popularity. This was followed by Knitting-
Work) (1857); Partington Patchwork) (1873);
and (Wide Swath,' a volume of collected verse
(1882).
shindler, Mrs. Mary Stanley Bunce
( Palmer ) ( Dana ). An American poet and
author; born in Beaufort, S. C. , Feb. 15, 1810;
died in 1883. Her poems, once very popular
through the South, include: “The Southern
Harp) (1840); (The Northern Harp) (1841);
The Parted Family, and Other Poems) (1842);
(The Temperance Lyre) ( 1842 ). She has
also written (Charles Morton; or, The Young
Patriot) (1843); (Forecastle Tom' (1844); and
Letters on the Irinity) (1845).
Shinn, Charles Howard. An American poet,
journalist, and historical writer; born in Aus-
tin, Tex. , April 29, 1852. He was engaged in
periodical work until 1885, when he became
connected with the Overland Monthly. He
is the author of Mining Camps : A Study in
## p. 494 (#510) ############################################
494
SHINN - SIMMS
American Pioneer Government) (1885), and
(The Story of the Mine.
Shinn, Millicent Washburn.
An Ameri-
can editor; born in Washington Township, Cal. ,
April 15, 1858. In 1882 she was connected with
the Overland Monthly. Her writings include
poems, sketches, stories, and critiques, for vari-
ous magazines.
shipman, Louis Evan. An American
writer; born in Brooklyn, N. Y. , Aug. 2, 1809.
He has published: Urban Dialogues); (A
Group of American Caricatures); and an act.
ing play founded on the story of Henry Es-
mond.
Shorey, Paul. An American scholar; born
18—. He is now professor of Greek and Latin
literature at the University of Chicago, and
has made many valuable contributions to our
knowledge of classical literature.
Shorter, Clement King. An English editor
and author. Upon the death of John Latey,
he was appointed editor of the Illustrated Lon-
don News by Sir William Ingram, proprietor
of that paper.
He also has charge of the
Sketch, Album, and English Illustrated Maga-
zine, and is generally regarded as one of the
ablest and most acute editors in London. His
published works comprise : (Fifty Years of
Victorian Literature, 1837-87' (1888); "Char-
lotte Brontë and her Circle) ( 1896 ); «Victo-
rian Literature: Sixty Years of Books and
Bookmen (1897).
Shorthouse, John Henry. An English nov-
elist; born at Birmingham, in 1834. His best-
known novel is (John Inglesant) (1881). His
other works include: (The Little Schoolmas-
ter, Mark) (1883-84); (Sir Percival (1886); (A
Teacher of the Violin (1888); and (Blanche,
Lady Falaise) (1891). *
Sidgwick, Henry. A distinguished English
philosopher and political economist ; born at
Skipton, Yorkshire, May 31, 1838. He is pro-
fessor of moral philosophy at Cambridge, and
has done much for the promotion of higher
education of women, having assisted in the
foundation of Newnham College. His valua-
ble works include: (The Methods of Ethics)
(1874); (The Principles of Political Economy)
(1883), one of the most important works on the
subject; Outlines of the History of Ethics)
(1886); (Elements of Politics.
Sidney or Sydney, Algernon. An English
republican patriot; born at Penshurst, Kent (? ),
1622 (? ); died at London on the scaffold, Dec. 7,
1683. He wrote Discourses Concerning Gov-
ernment,' his political confession of faith (1698).
Sidney, Philip, Sir. An English courtier
and man of letters; born at Penshurst in Kent,
Nov. 30, 1554; died at Arnheim, Oct. 17, 1586.
He wrote some (Sonnets) after the manner
of Catullus and Petrarch; a celebrated essay,
(Apology for Poetry) (1595); a pastoral tale,
(Arcadia' (1590); and a versified translation
of the (Psalms. ) *
Sidonius Apollinaris, Caius Sollius (sē.
do'nē-us a-pol''li-na'-ris). A conspicuous man
of affairs and of literary effort in the Roman
Empire of the fifth century; bishop of Cler-
mont, in Gaul. Of his work we have (Pane-
gyrics) of several emperors, and some poems,
not valuable; and a collection of letters very
valuable as a picture of provincial society just
as the barbarians were overwhelming it.
Sienkiewicz, Henryk (sē''en-kē"a-vich). A
very eminent Polish novelist; born at Vola
Okrzejska, 1845. His works comprise : (No Man
Is a Prophet in his Own Country) ( 1872 );
(Hannah'; "Charcoal Sketches); "Village
Tales); Yanko the Musician); (With Fire
and Sword (1884), (The Deluge) (1886), "Pan
Michael (1888), - a grand trilogy of histori-
cal novels; (Without Dogma) (1890); Quo
Vadis) (1895), a historical novel of the time
of Nero. *
Sigerson, Dora. An Irish verse-writer; born
at Dublin; wrote a volume of "Verses) (1893).
Sigourney, Lydia (Huntley). An Ameri-
can writer of prose and verse; born in Nor-
wich, Conn. , Sept. 1, 1791; died in Hartford,
Conn. , June 10, 1865. In her Letters of Life,
published (1866) posthumously, she enumer-
ates forty-six distinct works wholly or partially
from her pen, besides over 2,000 articles in
prose and verse, contributed by her to nearly
300 periodicals. Among her other publica.
tions are : Pleasant Memories of Pleasant
Lands, a record of her visit in Europe made
in 1840 (1842); "Scenes in my Native Land)
(1844); "Water Drops: A Plea for Temper.
ance) (1847); Gleanings,' poems (1860); and
( The Man of Uz, and Other Poems) (1862).
Sikes, Mrs. W. W. See Logan.
Silius Italicus (sil'i-us it-al'i-kus). A Ro-
man poet; born about 25 A. D. ; died about
His epic poem (Punica, in 17 books,
is still extant; its theme is the second Punic
war, as its story is told by Livy and Polybius,
and the author imitates the style of Virgil,
but he lacks the true poetic inspiration. To
him is attributed (Homer in Latin,' a Latin
translation of a part of the Iliad.
Sill, Edward Rowland. An American poet;
born in Windsor, Conn. , April 29, 1841 ; died in
Cleveland, O. , Feb. 27, 1887. In 1874 he became
professor of English literature in the Cniversity
of California, where he remained until 1882,
subsequently removing to Cleveland. His po-
etical works are included in (The Hermitage,
and Other Poems) (1867); 'The Venus of Milo,
and Other Poems) (1883); and (Poems,' posthu-
mously issued (1888). *
Simcox, Edith. An English miscellaneous
writer; author of Natural Law: An Essay in
Ethics) (1877); (Episodes in the Lives of Men,
Women, and Lovers, stories (1882).
Simms, William Gilmore. An American
novelist and poet; born in Charleston, S. C. ,
April 17, 1806; died there, June 11, 1870. His
IOI
## p. 495 (#511) ############################################
SIMON - SKETCHLEY
-
495
a
)
publications include : (Atalantis: A Tale of
the Sea) (1832), the longest and most noted of
his poems; (The Yemassee) (1835; revised ed.
1853); "Castle Dismal» (1845); (The Wigwam
and the Cabin; or, Tales of the South) (1845–
46); (The Maroon, and Other Tales' (1855);
and "War Poetry of the South) (1867). *
Simon, Jules François Suisse (sē-môn').
A notable French statesman and writer on phil-
osophical and political subjects; born at Lo-
rient, Dec. 31, 1814; died at Paris, June 8, 1896.
He became a member of the Academy, 1875,
and the same year was appointed senator for
life. Among his works are: (Studies on the
Theodicy of Plato and Aristotle) (1840); (His-
tory of the School of Alexandria) (2 vols. ,
1844); Duty) (1854; 15th ed. 1892); «Natural
Religion (1856); "The Workingwoman (1861 ;
9th ed. 1891); Labor) (1866; 4th ed. 1877), a
work which arrested public attention; Free
Trade) (1870); (Reform of Secondary Educa-
tion (1874); (The Twentieth-Century Woman
(1891); - Four Portraits): Lamartine, Lavigerie,
Renan, and Emperor William II. (1896).
Simonds, William. [~ Walter Aimwell. ” ]
An American juvenile writer; born in Massa-
chusetts, 1822; died 1859. Among his best-
known works are: (The Aimwell Stories);
(The Boys' Own Guide); and (The Boys'
Book of Morals and Manners.
Simonides (sē-mon'id - ēz). A celebrated
Greek lyric poet; born in the island of Ceos,
about 556 B. C. ; died about 468. He was at
the height of his fame at the time of the Per.
sian war, and celebrated the heroes of that
struggle and their feats. Of his famous (Epi-
grams,' a good many have come down to us;
but of his Elegies, Dirges, Epinikia, Dithy.
rambs, Hymns, and Pæans, we have but frag-
(
girls (1836); (Shetland and the Shetlanders)
(1840); Modern Flirtations) (1841); (Scotch
Courtiers and the Court) (1842); Jane Bou-
verie; or, Prosperity and Adversity) (1846);
Popish Legends; or, Bible Truths) (1852);
(Torchester Abbey) (1857); (Anecdotes of the
Cæsars) (1858); (Sketches and Short Stories
of Scotland) (1859).
Sinclair, Thomas. A British poet and story-
writer; born near Thurso, Scotland, 1843. He
wrote : (Poems) (1873); (The Messenger,' verses
(1875); Love's Trilogy,' a poem (1876); “The
Goddess Fortune,' a novel (1884); (The Sinclairs
of England (1887).
Sinnett, Alfred Percy. An English jour-
nalist; born in London, 1840. He was on the
staff of the London Globe in 1859; afterwards
edited the Daily Press at Hong Kong. In 1871
he was editor of the Pioneer, at Allahabad,
India. Returning to England in 1882, he pub-
lished "The Occult World' and (Esoteric
Buddhism) (1883), which immediately connected
his name with the Theosophical movement,
and with its originator Madame Blavatsky.
Sismondi, Jean Charles Léonard Simon de
(sis-môn'dē). A celebrated Swiss historian;
born at Geneva, May 9, 1773; died there, June
25, 1842. His principal works are: (History of
the Italian Republics in the Middle Ages (16
vols. , 1807-18); "History of the New Birth of
Liberty in Italy) (2 vols. , 1832); History of
the French) (31 vols. , 1821-34); History of the
Fall of the Roman Empire) (2 vols. , 1835);
Julia Severa; or, The Year 492) (3 vols. , 1822);
(Literature of the South of Europe) (1813). *
Skeat, Walter William. A distinguished
English Anglo-Saxon scholar, philologist, and
lexicographer; born in London, Nov. 21, 1835.
He is professor of Anglo-Saxon at Cambridge
(from 1883); one of the founders of the Eng-
lish Dialect Society; and an authority on early
English literature. He has edited (The Vis-
ion of William concerning Piers Ploughman)
(1867-85); Barbour's (The Bruce) (1870-89);
(Specimens of English Literature, 1298-1579)
(1871 and 1872); numerous poems, metrical
romances, etc. ; and has compiled An Etymo-
logical Dictionary of the English Language)
(4 vols. , 1879-81; new ed. 1884), his chief work.
One of his recent publications is an edition of
Chaucer (6 vols. , 1894).
Skelton, John. An early English satirical
poet; born about 1460; died in 1529. He was
academical laureate at Cambridge and Ox-
ford, and afterwards was appointed by Henry
VII. tutor to Prince Henry, afterward Henry
VIII. He wrote many poems of a jocular and
satirical nature, among which are Philip Spar-
row, the lament of a maiden over the loss
of her pet bird; and (Colin Clout,' a satire on
the clergy.
Sketchley, Arthur, pseudonym of George
Rose. An English dramatist and writer of hu-
morous sketches; born at London, May 19, 1817;
died there, Nov. II, 1882. He wrote: (Pauline,
ments.
3
simpson, John Palgrave. An English
story-writer and dramatist; born at Norwich,
1807; died at London, Aug. 19, 1887. He wrote:
(Second Love) (1846); (Gisela) (1847); "Let-
ters from the Danube) (1847); (The Lily of
Paris; or, The King's Nurse) (1848); Pictures
from Revolutionary Paris) (1848); "Life of Karl
Maria von Weber. His dramatic compositions
were about forty in number; among them are
(The World and the Stage,' and (Sibylla ; or,
Step by Step.
Sims, George Robert. An English dram-
atist and journalist; born in London, Sept. 2,
1847. He is the author of (The Lights o' Lon-
don' (1882); (The Romany Rye) (1883). Some
of his contributions to the press are : Dagonet
Ballads) (1879); (Three Brass Balls) (1880);
( The Theatre of Life) (1881); 'How the Poor
Live) (1883); (Stories in Black and White)
(1885); Mary Jane's Memoir) (1887).
Sinclair, Catherine. A Scotch novelist;
born in Caithness, April 17, 1800; died there,
Aug. 6, 1864. Among her writings are: (Char-
lie Seymour); (Holiday House); Modern Ac-
complishments,' a study of the education of
## p. 496 (#512) ############################################
496
SKINNER-SMITH
a drama (1851); (The Dark Cloud,' drama Aug. 23, 1809; died at Paris, April 3, 1849. In
(1863); "How will They Get out of It,' com- his earlier poems he was under the influence
edy (1864); and about 35 volumes of humor- of Byron; but escapes from it in the 'Ode to
ous pieces selected from his contributions to Liberty,! (Hymn to the Mother of God,' and
the comic journals, among them (Mrs. Brown's (Song of the Lithuanian Legion (1831). The
Visit to the Paris Exhibition (1867), followed sentiment of Polish nationality finds fullest
by a series of observations of the same imagi- expression in the dramatic poem Kordyan
nary personage: In the Highlands) (1869); (1834), and the tragedy (Mazeppa. Slowacki
(On the Grand Tour) (1870); (On the New reaches the height of his lyric power in the
Liquor Law) (1872); “On the Alabama Claims poem "In Switzerland. His last great work,
(1872); “On Home Rule) (1881); etc.
left incomplete, was King Spirit, which he
Skinner, John. A Scotch song-writer; born
designed to be a "Legend of the Ages) of
at Balfour, in Aberdeenshire, Oct. 3, 1721 ; died
Polish history. *
June 16, 1807. His songs were very popular: Smalley, George Washburn. An American
among them were (Tullochgorum,' reckoned
journalist; born in Franklin, Mass. , June 2,
by Burns “the best Scotch song Scotland ever 1833. During the American Civil War, the
saw”; (Ewie wi' the Crookit Horn); John war between Prussia and Russia, and the
o' Badenyon'; (The Old Man's Song. He
Franco-German war, he distinguished himself
wrote an 'Ecclesiastical History of Scotland)
as war correspondent of the New York Trib-
(2 vols. , 1788).
une; and as representative of the same in
Skipsey, Joseph. An English verse-writer; London (1867-95) he gained an eminent rank
author of Poems, Songs, and Ballads) (1862); in journalism. His London Letters and Some
(Miscellaneous Lyrics) (1878). A complete Others) and (Studies of Men) were widely
edition of his works, entitled "Carols from the popular. He has been American correspondent
Coal Fields, and Other Songs and Ballads, of the London Times since 1895.
was issued in 1886.
Smart, Christopher. An English poet, and
Sladen, Douglas Brooke Wheelton. An
one of the interesting figures of literary his-
English poet; born at London, 1856. He is tory; born at Shipbourne, Kent, April 11, 1722 ;
author of Frithjog and Ingebjorg, and Other died May 21, 1771. His fame rests upon a
Poems) (1882); (Australian Lyrics) (1883); (A Song to David? (1763), pronounced by Dante
Summer Christmas: A Tale of Sport) (1884); Gabriel Rossetti "the only great accomplished
(Edward the Black Prince, an epic drama poem of the eighteenth century. ” It is said
(1886); (Australian Ballads and Rhymes) (1888); to have been written in a madhouse, “partly
(The Spanish Armada) (1888), a ballad. with charcoal on the walls, or indented with a
Sleidan or Sleidanus, Johannes (sli'dan). key on the panels of his cell,” the poet hav-
A celebrated German historian; born at Schlei- ing been deprived of his liberty on account of
den near Cologne; died at Strasburg, Oct. 31,
his debts. Noted also is a version of Horace,
1556. His greatest work is Memoirs of the which had a wide sale. Other works are : (Po.
State of Religion and the Civil Government ems) (1752); Power of the Supreme Being'
under the Emperor Charles V? ? (3 vols. , 1555), (1753); «The Hilliad : An Epic Poem (1753);
a history written without partisanship, and in
Poems on Several Occasions) (1763); (Trans-
graceful literary style ; he wrote also a history
lation of the Psalms of David (1765); and
of (The Four Great Empires, Babylonian,
many miscellaneous essays, poems, and trans-
Persian, Greek, and Roman (1556).
lations.
Sloane, William Milligan. An American Smart, Mrs. Helen Hamilton (Gardener).
historian; born in Richmond, O. , Nov. 12, 1850;
An American novelist ; born in Virginia, 1853
graduated at Columbia in 1868; studied in Ber- She has published many works of fiction deal.
lin and Leipsic (1872–76), and during part of ing with social reforms.
published 1600); King John? (written 1594 ;
acted 159–);“A Midsummer Night's Dream,' writ-
ten and acted 1594-95; published 1600; (King
Richard II. (produced 1595); (All's Well that
Ends Well' (written 1595 (? ); acted 159-); (The
Taming of the Shrew) (written 1596 (? ); acted
159-; published posthumously 1623); Henry
IV. (written or adapted 1597 ; published, Part i.
1598, Part ii. 1690; revised and republished
1600); «The Merry Wives of Windsor) (written
159-; acted 159-; published 1602); (Henry V. '
(written 1598; acted 1599; published, text im-
perfect, 1600); Much Ado about Nothing)
(written 1599 (? ); acted 1599; published 1600);
(As You Like It) (produced 1599); (Twelfth
Night' (written 1599; acted 1001 or 1602); "Julius
Cæsar) (written 1601; acted 1601 ); (Hamlet)
(written 1602; acted 1602 (? ); published by an-
other surreptitiously 1602 or 1603; authorized ed.
1604); (Troilus and Cressida' (written 1603 (? );
acted 1603 ; published 1608 or 1609); Othello)
(written 1604 (? ); acted 1004; published posthu-
mously 1622); (Measure for Measure) (written
1004 (? ); acted 1604; published posthumously);
(Macbeth' (written 1605-6; acted 1606 (? ); re-
vived 1611; published posthumously 1623);
(King Lear) (written 1606; acted 1606; pub-
lished 1608); (Timon of Athens) (written in col-
laboration 1607; acted 160-); (Pericles) (written
in collaboration 1607; published 1008 or 1009);
(Antony and Cleopatra) (written 1607-8; pub-
lished posthumously 1623); (Coriolanus) (writ-
ten 1608 (? ); published posthumously 1623);
Cymbeline) (written 164; acted 1610); A Win-
ter's Tale) (written 16%; acted 1611); (The
Tempest' (written before the winter of 1612-13);
(The Two Noble Kinsmen) (written in col-
laboration (? ); published posthumously 1634);
(Henry VIII. (portions by Shakespeare writ-
ten 1613 (? ); acted 1613; published posthu-
mously 1623). His poems are: (Venus and
Adonis) (1593); “The Rape of Lucrece) (1594);
(Sonnets) (written 1591-94; published 1609);
(A Lover's Complaint (written 1594-98 (? );
published 1609); (The Passionate Pilgrim
(Ist ed. (? ) 1594). The first collected edition of
the plays, under the title (Mr. William Shakes-
peare's comedies, histories, and tragedies. Pub-
lished according to the true original copies,'
appeared in 1623, and is referred to as the
folio of 1623. ” One existing copy has two
canceled leaves from (As You Like It. ) *
Shaler, Nathaniel Southgate. An Ameri-
can geologist; born near Newport, Ky. , Feb.
22, 1841. He is professor of geology at Harvard,
and a versatile and interesting writer in many
important fields. Among his works are the
(Kentucky Geological Reports and Memoirs)
(7 vols. , 1876-82); “On the Nature of Intellectual
Property and its Importance to the State' (1878);
(Aspects of the Earth) (1889); (The Story of
(
## p. 492 (#508) ############################################
492
SHANKS-SHELLEY
)
our Continent) (1892); (Nature and Man in
North America) (1892); (The Interpretation of
Nature) (1893); “Sea and Land (1894); (The
United States of America) (2 vols. , 1894); and
reports of United States Geological Survey on
Marine Marshes, Fresh-Water Swamps, Soils,
Harbors, etc.
Shanks, William Franklin-Gore. An Amer-
ican journalist and author; born in Shelbyville,
Ky. , April 20, 1837. He was war correspondent
for the New York Herald (1861-65), subsequently
joined the New York Tribune, and was impris-
oned for refusing to divulge the name of a
writer of an article in the paper. Besides his
contributions to periodicals he has published :
(Recollections of Distinguished Generals)
(1865); Bench and Bar) (1868); and a play,
(A Noble Treason (1876).
Sharp, William. A British critic and man
of letters ; born 1856. He has traveled exten-
sively, and contributed to leading publications
throughout the world. His works include (Hu-
manity and Man,' a poem ; (The Conqueror's
Dream, and Other Poems); (Dante Gabriel
Rossetti, a biography; (Shakespeare's Songs,
Poems, and Sonnets); (Sonnets of this Cen-
tury); (Shelley,' a biography; (Romantic Bal-
lads); etc.
Shaw, Albert. An American editor and writer
on municipal government; born in New Lon-
don, O. , July 23, 1857. Since 1891 he has been
the editor of the Review of Reviews in Amer-
ica. Included in his publications are : Icaria :
a Chapter in the History of Communism” (1884);
(Co-operation in a Western City) (1886); and
(The National Revenue) (1888). Municipal
Government in Great Britain and Municipal
Government in Continental Europe) are his
principal works.
Shaw, Henry Wheeler. [“Josh Billings. ”]
An American humorist; born in Lanesboro,
Mass. , April 21, 1818; died in Monterey, Cal. ,
Oct. 14, 1885. During the last twenty years of
his life he contributed regularly to the New
York Weekly. His publications include : Josh
Billings on Ice) (1875); (Josh Billings's Com-
plete Works) (1877); and Josh Billings's Spice-
Box) (1881).
Shea, John Dawson Gilmary. An Ameri.
can author and historical writer; born in New
York, July 22, 1824; died there, 1892. He edited
the Historical Magazine (1859-65); also Frank
Leslie's Chimney Corner. He has written ex-
tensively on the early history and explorations
in the West, and contributed largely to Roman
Catholic denominational literature. Among
other books he has published : (Discovery and
Exploration of the Mississippi Valley) (1853);
(History of Catholic Missions among the In-
dians) (1854); (Account of the New Nether-
lands in 1643-44' (1862); (The Catholic Church
in the United States) (1856); and Life of
Pius IX. (1875).
Shedd, Mrs. Julia Ann (Clark). An Amer-
ican writer on art; born in Newport, Me. ,
Aug. 8, 1834. Besides many contributions to
art periodicals, she has published: (Famous
Painters and Paintings) (1874); (The Ghiberti
Gates) (1876); (Famous Sculptors and Sculpt-
ure) (1881); and (Raphael, his Madonnas and
Holy Families) (1883).
Shedd, William Greenough Thayer. An
educator, author, and Presbyterian clergyman
of eminence; born in Acton, Mass. , June 21,
1820; died in 1894. He was professor in the
University of Vermont (1845-52); in Auburn
Theological Seminary (1852-54); in Andover
Theological Seminary (1854-62); and professor
of Biblical literature in Union Seminary from
1863. He has published numerous historical
and polemic works. Among them are: "Lect-
ures on the Philosophy of History? (1856);
(History of Christian Doctrine) (2 vols. , 1863);
(Sermons to the Natural Man) (1871); Doc-
trine of Endless Punishment) (1885); and
Dogmatic Theology) (3 vols. , 1888-94).
Shelley, Mary (Godwin). An English
writer of works of psychological and historical
fiction, second wife of the poet Shelley; born
at London, Aug. 30, 1797 ; died there, Feb. 21,
1851. Her first story, 'Frankenstein (1818),
won for her a place among the imaginative
writers of England; it was followed by (Val-
perga, a historical romance (1823); “The Last
Man' (1826); “ Lodore' (1835); (Falkner' (1837).
Shelley, Percy Bysshe. The celebrated Eng.
lish poet; born at Field Place, near Horsham,
Sussex, Aug. 4, 1792 ; drowned off the coast of
Italy, July 8, 1822. He wrote: (Zastrozzi? (1810),
a romance; 'St. Irvyne' (1811), a romance ; (The
Necessity of Atheism (1811 ? ), a treatise; A
Poetical Essay on the Existing State of Things)
(1811); An Address to the Irish People' (1812);
Proposals for an Association of those Philan-
thropists who, Convinced of the Inadequacy
of the Moral and Political State of Ireland to
Produce Benefits which are, nevertheless, At-
tainable, are willing to Unite to Accomplish
its Regeneration (1812); 'Queen Mab: A Phil.
osophic Poem (1813); (A Vindication of Nat.
ural Diet! (1813); (A Refutation of Deism)
(1814); (Alastor, or the Spirit of Solitude, and
Other Poems) (1816); (A Proposal for Putting
Reform to the Vote throughout the Kingdom)
(1817); (A Six-Weeks' Tour' (1817), in collabora-
tion with Mary Godwin; (Laon and Cynthia!
(1818), subsequently altered and reissued as "The
Revolt of Islam: A Poem) (1818, some few
copies being erroneously dated 1817); Rosalind
and Helen: A Modern Eclogue; with Other
Poems) (1819); (The Cenci : A Tragedy (1819);
(Prometheus Unbound: A Lyrical Drama)
(1820); (Edipus Tyrannus, or Swellfoot the
Tyrant: A Tragedy in Two Acts; Translated
from the Original Doric) (1820); (Epipsychid-
ion : Verses addressed to the Noble and Unfor-
tunate Lady Emilia V-) (1821); (Adonais:
An Elegy on the Death of John Keats (1821);
(Hellas: A Lyrical Drama) (1822),- the last
of Shelley's works issued during his lifetime.
After his death there appeared : Posthumous
## p. 493 (#509) ############################################
SHELTON - SHINN
493
Poems) (1824); (The Masque of Anarchy: A
Poem; Now First Published) (1832); "The
Shelley Papers) (1833); Essays, Letters from
Abroad, Translations, and Fragments) (1840);
(The Dämon of the World: the First Part
as Published in 1816 with (Alastor); the Sec.
ond Part Deciphered and now First Printed'
(1876). *
Shelton, Frederick William. An American
clergyman, and humorous and satirical writer;
born in Jamaica, N. Y. , 1814; died at Carthage
Landing, N. Y. , June 20, 1881. His publications
include : (The Trollopiad, or Traveling Gen-
tleman in America, a satirical poem (1837);
(Salander and the Dragon,' a romance (1851);
(Up the River,' a series of rural sketches on
the Hudson (1853); Peeps from a Belfry; or,
Parish Sketch-Book) (1855); (Use and Abuse
of Reason); (The Gold Mania); etc.
Shenshin, Afanasy Afanasievich. See Fet.
Shenstone, William. An English poet; born
at the Leasowes, near Halesowen, Shropshire,
November 1714; died there, Feb. II, 1763. His
best-remembered poems are: (The Schoolmis-
tress) (1742); (The Pastoral Ballad? (1743);
and Written in an Inn at Henley. His
(Works) and Letters were collected in three
volumes (1764-69); and his Essays on Men
and Manners) were republished in 1868. *
Sheppard, Elizabeth Sara. An English nov-
elist ; born at Blackheath, 1830; died at Brixton,
March 13, 1862. She wrote the noted (Charles
Auchester (1853), a mystical art novel ; (Coun-
terparts, or the Cross of Love) (1854); (My First
Season) (1855); (The Double Coronet) (1856);
(Rumor, a musical and artistic novel (1858).
Sheridan, Philip Henry. A famous Amer.
ican soldier; born in Albany, N. Y. , March 6,
1831 ; died in Nonquitt, Mass. , Aug. 5, 1888. He
graduated at West Point, July 1, 1853, and
rose through a distinguished career of army
service during which he became successively
major-general, lieutenant-general, and general.
He wrote (Personal Memoirs,' published in 2
vols. , 1888.
Sheridan, Richard Brinsley. An eminent
British dramatist and parliamentary orator ; born
at Dublin, Sept. 30, 1751; died at London, July
7, 1816. His principal dramatic works are : (The
Rivals,' comedy (1774); (The Duenna,' comic
opera (1775); “The School for Scandal, comedy
(1777); (The Critic,' farce (1779). His most
memorable speeches are the Begum Speech,
so-called, made in the trial of Warren Hastings,
and the Perfumery Speech. *
Sherman, Frank Dempster. An American
poet; born at Peekskill, N. Y. , May 6, 1860.
Educated at Columbia College and Harvard
University, he became an instructor in the Co-
lumbia School of Architecture. He has pub-
lished: Madrigals and Catches); Lyrics for
a Lute); and, with John Kendrick Bangs,
(New Waggings of Old Tales); (Little Folk
Lyrics, etc. His poems are a frequent feature
of the magazines.
Sherman, John. An eminent American
statesman; born in Lancaster, O. , May 10, 1823.
He was a delegate to the Whig convention,
1848; first elected to Congress in 1854; Senator,
1861-73, and 1881-87; Secretary of the Treas-
ury, 1877-81; and Secretary of State from 1897.
He is the author of (Selected Speeches and
Reports on Finance and Taxation, 1859–1878)
(New York, 1879); and Recollections of Forty
Years in the House, Senate, and Cabinet. '
Sherman, William Tecumseh. One of the
most distinguished of American generals; born
in Lancaster, O. , Feb. 8, 1820; died in New
York city, Feb. 14, 1891. He graduated at
West Point in 1840 ; resigned from the army
as captain in 1853; was commissioned colonel,
May 13, 1861, and after a long career of active
service, retired from command on Feb. 8, 1884,
as general of the army. He has published:
(Memoirs of Gen. William T. Sherman by Him-
self(2 vols. , New York, 1875 and 1885).
Sherwood, John D. An American writer;
born in Fishkill, N. Y. , Oct. 15, 1818. He
served as a Federal officer through the Civil
War. Besides contributing to periodicals, he
has published the volumes : 'The Case of Cuba)
(1869); Comic History of the United States)
(1870).
Shevchenko, Taras Grigorievich (shev-
chen'ko). A Russian poet; born Feb. 25, 1814;
died in St. Petersburg, Feb. 26, 1861. His
(Kobzar,' a volume of lyrics in the Little Rus-
sian dialect, appeared in 1840 (new cd. 1860),
and became at once popular. (Haidamaki,
one of the greatest of Russian epics, followed
in 1841; after which came Hamalia, Maiax,'
and others.
shillaber, Benjamin Penhallow. ["Mrs.
Partington. ”] An American journalist and
humorist; born in Portsmouth, N. II. , July 12,
1814; died in Chelsea, Mass. , Nov. 25, 1890.
From 1840 to 1866 he was editor of various jour-
nals in Boston. His Life and Sayings of Mrs.
Partington (1854) gained for him world-wide
popularity. This was followed by Knitting-
Work) (1857); Partington Patchwork) (1873);
and (Wide Swath,' a volume of collected verse
(1882).
shindler, Mrs. Mary Stanley Bunce
( Palmer ) ( Dana ). An American poet and
author; born in Beaufort, S. C. , Feb. 15, 1810;
died in 1883. Her poems, once very popular
through the South, include: “The Southern
Harp) (1840); (The Northern Harp) (1841);
The Parted Family, and Other Poems) (1842);
(The Temperance Lyre) ( 1842 ). She has
also written (Charles Morton; or, The Young
Patriot) (1843); (Forecastle Tom' (1844); and
Letters on the Irinity) (1845).
Shinn, Charles Howard. An American poet,
journalist, and historical writer; born in Aus-
tin, Tex. , April 29, 1852. He was engaged in
periodical work until 1885, when he became
connected with the Overland Monthly. He
is the author of Mining Camps : A Study in
## p. 494 (#510) ############################################
494
SHINN - SIMMS
American Pioneer Government) (1885), and
(The Story of the Mine.
Shinn, Millicent Washburn.
An Ameri-
can editor; born in Washington Township, Cal. ,
April 15, 1858. In 1882 she was connected with
the Overland Monthly. Her writings include
poems, sketches, stories, and critiques, for vari-
ous magazines.
shipman, Louis Evan. An American
writer; born in Brooklyn, N. Y. , Aug. 2, 1809.
He has published: Urban Dialogues); (A
Group of American Caricatures); and an act.
ing play founded on the story of Henry Es-
mond.
Shorey, Paul. An American scholar; born
18—. He is now professor of Greek and Latin
literature at the University of Chicago, and
has made many valuable contributions to our
knowledge of classical literature.
Shorter, Clement King. An English editor
and author. Upon the death of John Latey,
he was appointed editor of the Illustrated Lon-
don News by Sir William Ingram, proprietor
of that paper.
He also has charge of the
Sketch, Album, and English Illustrated Maga-
zine, and is generally regarded as one of the
ablest and most acute editors in London. His
published works comprise : (Fifty Years of
Victorian Literature, 1837-87' (1888); "Char-
lotte Brontë and her Circle) ( 1896 ); «Victo-
rian Literature: Sixty Years of Books and
Bookmen (1897).
Shorthouse, John Henry. An English nov-
elist; born at Birmingham, in 1834. His best-
known novel is (John Inglesant) (1881). His
other works include: (The Little Schoolmas-
ter, Mark) (1883-84); (Sir Percival (1886); (A
Teacher of the Violin (1888); and (Blanche,
Lady Falaise) (1891). *
Sidgwick, Henry. A distinguished English
philosopher and political economist ; born at
Skipton, Yorkshire, May 31, 1838. He is pro-
fessor of moral philosophy at Cambridge, and
has done much for the promotion of higher
education of women, having assisted in the
foundation of Newnham College. His valua-
ble works include: (The Methods of Ethics)
(1874); (The Principles of Political Economy)
(1883), one of the most important works on the
subject; Outlines of the History of Ethics)
(1886); (Elements of Politics.
Sidney or Sydney, Algernon. An English
republican patriot; born at Penshurst, Kent (? ),
1622 (? ); died at London on the scaffold, Dec. 7,
1683. He wrote Discourses Concerning Gov-
ernment,' his political confession of faith (1698).
Sidney, Philip, Sir. An English courtier
and man of letters; born at Penshurst in Kent,
Nov. 30, 1554; died at Arnheim, Oct. 17, 1586.
He wrote some (Sonnets) after the manner
of Catullus and Petrarch; a celebrated essay,
(Apology for Poetry) (1595); a pastoral tale,
(Arcadia' (1590); and a versified translation
of the (Psalms. ) *
Sidonius Apollinaris, Caius Sollius (sē.
do'nē-us a-pol''li-na'-ris). A conspicuous man
of affairs and of literary effort in the Roman
Empire of the fifth century; bishop of Cler-
mont, in Gaul. Of his work we have (Pane-
gyrics) of several emperors, and some poems,
not valuable; and a collection of letters very
valuable as a picture of provincial society just
as the barbarians were overwhelming it.
Sienkiewicz, Henryk (sē''en-kē"a-vich). A
very eminent Polish novelist; born at Vola
Okrzejska, 1845. His works comprise : (No Man
Is a Prophet in his Own Country) ( 1872 );
(Hannah'; "Charcoal Sketches); "Village
Tales); Yanko the Musician); (With Fire
and Sword (1884), (The Deluge) (1886), "Pan
Michael (1888), - a grand trilogy of histori-
cal novels; (Without Dogma) (1890); Quo
Vadis) (1895), a historical novel of the time
of Nero. *
Sigerson, Dora. An Irish verse-writer; born
at Dublin; wrote a volume of "Verses) (1893).
Sigourney, Lydia (Huntley). An Ameri-
can writer of prose and verse; born in Nor-
wich, Conn. , Sept. 1, 1791; died in Hartford,
Conn. , June 10, 1865. In her Letters of Life,
published (1866) posthumously, she enumer-
ates forty-six distinct works wholly or partially
from her pen, besides over 2,000 articles in
prose and verse, contributed by her to nearly
300 periodicals. Among her other publica.
tions are : Pleasant Memories of Pleasant
Lands, a record of her visit in Europe made
in 1840 (1842); "Scenes in my Native Land)
(1844); "Water Drops: A Plea for Temper.
ance) (1847); Gleanings,' poems (1860); and
( The Man of Uz, and Other Poems) (1862).
Sikes, Mrs. W. W. See Logan.
Silius Italicus (sil'i-us it-al'i-kus). A Ro-
man poet; born about 25 A. D. ; died about
His epic poem (Punica, in 17 books,
is still extant; its theme is the second Punic
war, as its story is told by Livy and Polybius,
and the author imitates the style of Virgil,
but he lacks the true poetic inspiration. To
him is attributed (Homer in Latin,' a Latin
translation of a part of the Iliad.
Sill, Edward Rowland. An American poet;
born in Windsor, Conn. , April 29, 1841 ; died in
Cleveland, O. , Feb. 27, 1887. In 1874 he became
professor of English literature in the Cniversity
of California, where he remained until 1882,
subsequently removing to Cleveland. His po-
etical works are included in (The Hermitage,
and Other Poems) (1867); 'The Venus of Milo,
and Other Poems) (1883); and (Poems,' posthu-
mously issued (1888). *
Simcox, Edith. An English miscellaneous
writer; author of Natural Law: An Essay in
Ethics) (1877); (Episodes in the Lives of Men,
Women, and Lovers, stories (1882).
Simms, William Gilmore. An American
novelist and poet; born in Charleston, S. C. ,
April 17, 1806; died there, June 11, 1870. His
IOI
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SIMON - SKETCHLEY
-
495
a
)
publications include : (Atalantis: A Tale of
the Sea) (1832), the longest and most noted of
his poems; (The Yemassee) (1835; revised ed.
1853); "Castle Dismal» (1845); (The Wigwam
and the Cabin; or, Tales of the South) (1845–
46); (The Maroon, and Other Tales' (1855);
and "War Poetry of the South) (1867). *
Simon, Jules François Suisse (sē-môn').
A notable French statesman and writer on phil-
osophical and political subjects; born at Lo-
rient, Dec. 31, 1814; died at Paris, June 8, 1896.
He became a member of the Academy, 1875,
and the same year was appointed senator for
life. Among his works are: (Studies on the
Theodicy of Plato and Aristotle) (1840); (His-
tory of the School of Alexandria) (2 vols. ,
1844); Duty) (1854; 15th ed. 1892); «Natural
Religion (1856); "The Workingwoman (1861 ;
9th ed. 1891); Labor) (1866; 4th ed. 1877), a
work which arrested public attention; Free
Trade) (1870); (Reform of Secondary Educa-
tion (1874); (The Twentieth-Century Woman
(1891); - Four Portraits): Lamartine, Lavigerie,
Renan, and Emperor William II. (1896).
Simonds, William. [~ Walter Aimwell. ” ]
An American juvenile writer; born in Massa-
chusetts, 1822; died 1859. Among his best-
known works are: (The Aimwell Stories);
(The Boys' Own Guide); and (The Boys'
Book of Morals and Manners.
Simonides (sē-mon'id - ēz). A celebrated
Greek lyric poet; born in the island of Ceos,
about 556 B. C. ; died about 468. He was at
the height of his fame at the time of the Per.
sian war, and celebrated the heroes of that
struggle and their feats. Of his famous (Epi-
grams,' a good many have come down to us;
but of his Elegies, Dirges, Epinikia, Dithy.
rambs, Hymns, and Pæans, we have but frag-
(
girls (1836); (Shetland and the Shetlanders)
(1840); Modern Flirtations) (1841); (Scotch
Courtiers and the Court) (1842); Jane Bou-
verie; or, Prosperity and Adversity) (1846);
Popish Legends; or, Bible Truths) (1852);
(Torchester Abbey) (1857); (Anecdotes of the
Cæsars) (1858); (Sketches and Short Stories
of Scotland) (1859).
Sinclair, Thomas. A British poet and story-
writer; born near Thurso, Scotland, 1843. He
wrote : (Poems) (1873); (The Messenger,' verses
(1875); Love's Trilogy,' a poem (1876); “The
Goddess Fortune,' a novel (1884); (The Sinclairs
of England (1887).
Sinnett, Alfred Percy. An English jour-
nalist; born in London, 1840. He was on the
staff of the London Globe in 1859; afterwards
edited the Daily Press at Hong Kong. In 1871
he was editor of the Pioneer, at Allahabad,
India. Returning to England in 1882, he pub-
lished "The Occult World' and (Esoteric
Buddhism) (1883), which immediately connected
his name with the Theosophical movement,
and with its originator Madame Blavatsky.
Sismondi, Jean Charles Léonard Simon de
(sis-môn'dē). A celebrated Swiss historian;
born at Geneva, May 9, 1773; died there, June
25, 1842. His principal works are: (History of
the Italian Republics in the Middle Ages (16
vols. , 1807-18); "History of the New Birth of
Liberty in Italy) (2 vols. , 1832); History of
the French) (31 vols. , 1821-34); History of the
Fall of the Roman Empire) (2 vols. , 1835);
Julia Severa; or, The Year 492) (3 vols. , 1822);
(Literature of the South of Europe) (1813). *
Skeat, Walter William. A distinguished
English Anglo-Saxon scholar, philologist, and
lexicographer; born in London, Nov. 21, 1835.
He is professor of Anglo-Saxon at Cambridge
(from 1883); one of the founders of the Eng-
lish Dialect Society; and an authority on early
English literature. He has edited (The Vis-
ion of William concerning Piers Ploughman)
(1867-85); Barbour's (The Bruce) (1870-89);
(Specimens of English Literature, 1298-1579)
(1871 and 1872); numerous poems, metrical
romances, etc. ; and has compiled An Etymo-
logical Dictionary of the English Language)
(4 vols. , 1879-81; new ed. 1884), his chief work.
One of his recent publications is an edition of
Chaucer (6 vols. , 1894).
Skelton, John. An early English satirical
poet; born about 1460; died in 1529. He was
academical laureate at Cambridge and Ox-
ford, and afterwards was appointed by Henry
VII. tutor to Prince Henry, afterward Henry
VIII. He wrote many poems of a jocular and
satirical nature, among which are Philip Spar-
row, the lament of a maiden over the loss
of her pet bird; and (Colin Clout,' a satire on
the clergy.
Sketchley, Arthur, pseudonym of George
Rose. An English dramatist and writer of hu-
morous sketches; born at London, May 19, 1817;
died there, Nov. II, 1882. He wrote: (Pauline,
ments.
3
simpson, John Palgrave. An English
story-writer and dramatist; born at Norwich,
1807; died at London, Aug. 19, 1887. He wrote:
(Second Love) (1846); (Gisela) (1847); "Let-
ters from the Danube) (1847); (The Lily of
Paris; or, The King's Nurse) (1848); Pictures
from Revolutionary Paris) (1848); "Life of Karl
Maria von Weber. His dramatic compositions
were about forty in number; among them are
(The World and the Stage,' and (Sibylla ; or,
Step by Step.
Sims, George Robert. An English dram-
atist and journalist; born in London, Sept. 2,
1847. He is the author of (The Lights o' Lon-
don' (1882); (The Romany Rye) (1883). Some
of his contributions to the press are : Dagonet
Ballads) (1879); (Three Brass Balls) (1880);
( The Theatre of Life) (1881); 'How the Poor
Live) (1883); (Stories in Black and White)
(1885); Mary Jane's Memoir) (1887).
Sinclair, Catherine. A Scotch novelist;
born in Caithness, April 17, 1800; died there,
Aug. 6, 1864. Among her writings are: (Char-
lie Seymour); (Holiday House); Modern Ac-
complishments,' a study of the education of
## p. 496 (#512) ############################################
496
SKINNER-SMITH
a drama (1851); (The Dark Cloud,' drama Aug. 23, 1809; died at Paris, April 3, 1849. In
(1863); "How will They Get out of It,' com- his earlier poems he was under the influence
edy (1864); and about 35 volumes of humor- of Byron; but escapes from it in the 'Ode to
ous pieces selected from his contributions to Liberty,! (Hymn to the Mother of God,' and
the comic journals, among them (Mrs. Brown's (Song of the Lithuanian Legion (1831). The
Visit to the Paris Exhibition (1867), followed sentiment of Polish nationality finds fullest
by a series of observations of the same imagi- expression in the dramatic poem Kordyan
nary personage: In the Highlands) (1869); (1834), and the tragedy (Mazeppa. Slowacki
(On the Grand Tour) (1870); (On the New reaches the height of his lyric power in the
Liquor Law) (1872); “On the Alabama Claims poem "In Switzerland. His last great work,
(1872); “On Home Rule) (1881); etc.
left incomplete, was King Spirit, which he
Skinner, John. A Scotch song-writer; born
designed to be a "Legend of the Ages) of
at Balfour, in Aberdeenshire, Oct. 3, 1721 ; died
Polish history. *
June 16, 1807. His songs were very popular: Smalley, George Washburn. An American
among them were (Tullochgorum,' reckoned
journalist; born in Franklin, Mass. , June 2,
by Burns “the best Scotch song Scotland ever 1833. During the American Civil War, the
saw”; (Ewie wi' the Crookit Horn); John war between Prussia and Russia, and the
o' Badenyon'; (The Old Man's Song. He
Franco-German war, he distinguished himself
wrote an 'Ecclesiastical History of Scotland)
as war correspondent of the New York Trib-
(2 vols. , 1788).
une; and as representative of the same in
Skipsey, Joseph. An English verse-writer; London (1867-95) he gained an eminent rank
author of Poems, Songs, and Ballads) (1862); in journalism. His London Letters and Some
(Miscellaneous Lyrics) (1878). A complete Others) and (Studies of Men) were widely
edition of his works, entitled "Carols from the popular. He has been American correspondent
Coal Fields, and Other Songs and Ballads, of the London Times since 1895.
was issued in 1886.
Smart, Christopher. An English poet, and
Sladen, Douglas Brooke Wheelton. An
one of the interesting figures of literary his-
English poet; born at London, 1856. He is tory; born at Shipbourne, Kent, April 11, 1722 ;
author of Frithjog and Ingebjorg, and Other died May 21, 1771. His fame rests upon a
Poems) (1882); (Australian Lyrics) (1883); (A Song to David? (1763), pronounced by Dante
Summer Christmas: A Tale of Sport) (1884); Gabriel Rossetti "the only great accomplished
(Edward the Black Prince, an epic drama poem of the eighteenth century. ” It is said
(1886); (Australian Ballads and Rhymes) (1888); to have been written in a madhouse, “partly
(The Spanish Armada) (1888), a ballad. with charcoal on the walls, or indented with a
Sleidan or Sleidanus, Johannes (sli'dan). key on the panels of his cell,” the poet hav-
A celebrated German historian; born at Schlei- ing been deprived of his liberty on account of
den near Cologne; died at Strasburg, Oct. 31,
his debts. Noted also is a version of Horace,
1556. His greatest work is Memoirs of the which had a wide sale. Other works are : (Po.
State of Religion and the Civil Government ems) (1752); Power of the Supreme Being'
under the Emperor Charles V? ? (3 vols. , 1555), (1753); «The Hilliad : An Epic Poem (1753);
a history written without partisanship, and in
Poems on Several Occasions) (1763); (Trans-
graceful literary style ; he wrote also a history
lation of the Psalms of David (1765); and
of (The Four Great Empires, Babylonian,
many miscellaneous essays, poems, and trans-
Persian, Greek, and Roman (1556).
lations.
Sloane, William Milligan. An American Smart, Mrs. Helen Hamilton (Gardener).
historian; born in Richmond, O. , Nov. 12, 1850;
An American novelist ; born in Virginia, 1853
graduated at Columbia in 1868; studied in Ber- She has published many works of fiction deal.
lin and Leipsic (1872–76), and during part of ing with social reforms.
