as legatus of Pompey, to whom the
provinces
of the Perignenx, whom Sirmond supposed to be the
two Spains had been granted.
two Spains had been granted.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - c
605, entitled, De Dirinatione Mortis et Vitae.
(Bed.
and seems to have reference to the temple of Jupiter Opera, vol. ii. pp. 233, 234, ed. Col. Agripp. 1612. )
Capitolinus.
llis name, as connected with astrology, was in
high repute early in Greece, and in Ronie, in her
degenerate days. This we learn from the praises
bestowed on him by Manethon (v. 10), who, in-
deed, in the prologue to the first and fifth books of
his Apotelesmatica, professes only to expand in
Greck verse the prose rules of Petosiris ; from Julius
Firmicus (Mathes. iv. in praefat. &c. ), who calls
Petosiris and Nechepsos, divini illi viri atque omni
admirutione digui ; and, from the references of
Pliny. (H. N. i. 23, vii. 49. ) But the best proof
PETI'LLIUS. 1, 2. Q. PetillII, two tri- is the fact, that, like our own Lilly, Petosiris
bunes of the plebs, B. c. 185, are said to have been became the common name for an astrologer, as we
instigated by Cato the Censor, to accuse Scipio find in Aristophanes, quoted by Athenaeus (iii.
Africanus the elder, of having been bribed by p. 114, c. ), in the 45th epigram of Lucillius (Jacobs,
Antiochus to allow that monarch to come off too Anthol. Gruec. vol. ii. p. 38), whence we learn the
leniently ; but according to other authorities it was quantity, and in Juvenal, vi. 580. Marsham has a
r
M. Naevius and not the Petillii who brought the full dissertation on Nechepsos and Petosiris, in the
charge. On the death of Africanus in this year, work above quoted (pp. 474–481). (W. M. G. )
the Petillii brought forward a bill for making an PETRAEA (Iletpaia), is the name of one of the
inquiry respecting the persons who had received | Oceanides, and also occurs as a surname of Scylla,
money from Antiochus without paying it into the who dwelt in or on a rock. (Hes. Theog. 357;
treasury. (Liv. xxxviii. 50, 54, 56 ; comp. Gell. Hom. Od. xii. 231. )
[L. S. ]
iv. 18; Aur. Vict. de Vir. II. 49. ) (NAEVIUS, PETRAEUS (Pietpaios). 1. One of the cen-
taurs who figures at the wedding of Peirithous.
3. L. PETILLIUS, a scriba, in whose land at (Hes. Scut. Hlerc. 185; Ov. Met. xii. 330. )
the foot of the Janiculus, the books of Numa were 2. A surname of Poseidon among the Thessa-
said to have been found in B. c. 181. The books lians, because he was believed to have separated
were subsequently taken to the city-praetor Petil- | the rocks, between which the river Peneius flows
lius Spurinus. (Liv. xl. 29. ) (Numa, p. 1213, ) into the sea. (Pind. Pyth. iv. 246, with the
4. L. PETILLIUS, was sent as ambassador in Schol. )
(L. S. )
B. c. 168 with M. Perperna to the Illyrian king PETRAEUS (Iet paios), a friend of Philip V. ,
Gentius, and was with his colleague thrown into king of Macedonia, who was sent by that monarch
prison by that king, but was liberated shortly to Sparta in B. C. 220, to receive the submission of
afterwards on the conquest of Gentius by the the Lacedaemonians, and confirm them in their
praetor Anicius. (Liv. xliv. 27,32 ; Appian, Mac. allegiance to Macedonia. We subsequently fir. d
Ivi. 1. )
him commanding a military force in Thessaly,
5. M. PETILIUS, a Roman eques, who carried where he successfully opposed the invasion of that
on business at Syracuse, while Verres was go country by the Aetolian general Dorimachus, 1. c.
vernor of Sicily. (Cic. l'err. ii. 29. )
218. (Polyb. iv. 24, v. 17. ) (E. H. B. ]
6. Q. PETilius, a judex at the trial of Milo. PETREIUS. 1. Cx. PETREIUS, of Atina,
(Cic. pro Mil. 16. )
was a centurion primi pili in the army of Q. Ca-
PETI'LLIUS CEREA'LIS. (CEREALIS. ) tulus, B. C. 102, in the Cimbrian war, and received
PETI'LLIUS RUFUS. (Rufus. )
a crown on account of his preserving a legion.
PETINES (Netivms), one of the generals who (Plin. H. N. xxii. 6. )
commanded the Persian army at the passage of the 2. M. PETREIUS, is first mentioned in B. C. 62,
Granicus, B. C. 334. He was killed in the battle. when he served as legatus to the proconsul C.
(Arr. Anab. i. 12. 16. )
(E. H. B. ) Antonius, in his campaign against Catiline. Both
PETOSI'RIS (netódipis), an Egyptian priest Cicero and Sallust speak of Petreius as a man of
and astrologer, who is generally named along with great military experience, and one who possessed
Nechepsos, an Egyptian king. The two are considerable influence with the troops. "He had
said to be the founders of astrology, and of the art previously served in the army more than thirty
of casting nativities. Suidas (s. v. ) states that years, either as tribune, praefectus, legatus, or
Petosiris wrote on the right mode of worshipping praetor ; but we know nothing of his former
the gods, astrological maxims ek twv iepwv Babniwv history, nor in what year he was praetor. In
(which are often referred to in connection with consequence of the illness of Antonius, according
astrology), and a work on the Egyptian mysteries. to one statement, or his dislike to fight against his
But we may infer from a statement made by Vet- former friend, as others relate, the supreme com-
tius Valens, of which the substance is given by mand of the army devolved upon Petreius on the day
Marsham (Canon Chronicus, p. 479, ed. Lips. 1676), of the battle, in which Catiline perished. (Sall. Cui.
that Suidas assigns to Petosiris, what others attri- 59, 60 ; Dion Cass. xxxvii. 39, 40; Cic. pro Sest.
bute partly to him, and partly to Nechepsos. For 5. ) The name of Petreius next occurs in B. c. 59,
his 'Όργαιον 'Αστρονομικών, or, Ψήφος σεληνιακή, in which year he offered to go to prison with Cato,
containing astrological principles for predicting the when Caesar, the consul, threatened the latter with
event of diseases, and for his other writings, I this punishment. ( Dion Cass. xxxviii. 3. ) In B. C. 53
Fabricius (Billa Grucc. vol. iv. p. 160) may be i Petreius was sent into Spain along with L. Afranius
P3
## p. 214 (#230) ############################################
214
PETROCORIUS.
PETROCORIUS.
as legatus of Pompey, to whom the provinces of the Perignenx, whom Sirmond supposed to be the
two Spains had been granted. On the breaking out subject of the present article, but whom the authors
of the civil war in B. C. 49, Afranius and Petreius of the Histoire Littéraire de la France consider, but
were in Nearer Spain at the head of so powerful an with little reason, to be his father. Our Paulinus
army, that Caesar, after obtaining possession of was intimate with Perpetuus, who was bishop of
Italy, hastened to Spain to reduce those provinces. Tours from A. D. 461 to 491, and whom he calls his
Afranius and Petreius, on the approach of Caesar, patron. It was at the desire of Perpetuus that he
united their forces, and took up a strong position put into verse the life of St. Martin of Tours ; and
near the town of Ilerda (Lerida in Catalonia), on in an epistle addressed to that prelate, he humbly
the right bank of the Sicoris (Segre). At first tells him, with an amusing reference to the history
they were very successful, and Caesar was placed in of Balaam, that, in giving him confidence to speak,
great difficulties ; but these he quickly surmounted, he had repeated the miracle of opening the mouth
and soon reduced the enemy to such straits, that of the ass. He afterwards supplied, at the desire
Afranius and Petreius were obliged to surrender. of the bishop, some verses to be inscribed on the
They were dismissed uninjured by Caesar, part of walls of the new church which Perpetuus finished
their troops disbanded, and the remainder incor about a. D. 473 (or according to Oudin, A. D. 482),
porated in the conqueror's army. Petreius joined and to which the body of St. Martin was transferred.
Pompey in Greece, and after the loss of the battle He sent with them some rerses De Visitatione Ne
of Pharsalia in B. C. 48, he first fled to Patrae in potuli sui, on occasion of the cure, supposed to be
Achnia, and subsequently passed over to Africa. miraculous, which his grandson and the young lady
He took an active part in the campaign in Africa to whom he was married or betrothed, bad expe-
in B. C. 46. At the battle of Ruspina, fought at rienced through the efficacy of a document, ap-
the beginning of January in this year, he was parently the account of the miracles of St. Martin,
severely wounded ; and he was also present at the writien by the hand of the bishop. We gather
battle of Thapsus in the month of April, by which that this poem was written when the author
Caesar completely destroyed all the hopes of the was old, from the circumstance of his having a
Pompeian party in Africa. After the loss of the grandson of marriageable age. Of the death of
battle Petreius filed with Juba to Zama, and as Paulinus we have no account.
the inhabitants of that town would not admit them The works of Paulinus Petrocorius are :- 1. De
within its walls, they retired to a country house of Vita S. Martini, a poem in hexameter verse, divided
Juba's, where despairing of safety they fell by into six books. It has little poetical or other merit.
each other's hands. The exact manner of their The first three books are little else than a versiñed
death is somewhat differently related by different abridgement of the De Beati Martini lita Liber
writers. According to some accounts Juba des- of Sulpicius Severus ; and the fourth and fifth
patched Petreius first and then killed himself, comprehend the incidents mentioned in the Dialogi
while the contrary is stated by others. (Cic. ad II. et III. de Virtutibus Beati Martini of the same
Att. viii. 2 ; Caes. B. C. i. 38, 63—86 ; Hirt. B. author. The sixth book comprises a description of
Afr. 18, 19, 91, 94; Dion Cass. xli. 20, xlii. 13, the miracles which had been wrought at the tomb
xliii. 2, 8; Appian, B. C. ii. 42, 43, 95, 100 ; of St. Martin, under the eyes of Perpetuus, who
Lucan, iv. 4, &c. ; Vell. Pat. ii. 48, 50; Suet. had sent an account of them to Paulinus. 2. De
Caes. 34, 75 ; Liv. Epit. 110, 114. )
Visitatione Nepotuli sui, a description of the mira-
3. M. PETREIUS, a centurion in Caesar's army culous cure of his grandson already mentioned;
the Gallic war, who died fighting bravely at also written in hexameter verse. 3. De Orantibus
Gergovia, B. C. 52. (Caes. B. G. vii. 50. )
(an inappropriate title, which should rather be
PETRICHUS (Ilétpixos), the author of a Orantibus simply, or Ad Orantes), apparently a
Greek poem on venomous serpents, 'Opiakó, who portion of the hexameter verses designed to be in-
lived in or before the first century after Christ. scribed on the walls of the new church built by
His poem, which is no longer extant, is quoted Perpetuus. 4. Perpetuo Episcopo Epistola. This
by Pliny (H. N. xx. 96, xxii. 40) and the letter was sent to Perpetuus, with the verses De
scholiast on Nicander's Theriaca (pp. 47, 50, ed. Visitatione and De Orantibus. The works of
Ald. ).
(W. A. G. ] Paulinus Petrocorius were first printed by Fran-
PETRO, T. FLAVIUS, the ancestor of the ciscus Juretus, Paris, 1585. Some writers hare
emperor Vespasian, was a native of the municipium spoken, but without foundation, of an earlier edition
of Reate, and served as a centurion in Pompey's printed at Dijon : Juretus ascribed the works to
army at the battle of Pharsalia, B. C. 48. (Suet. Paulinus of Nola, an error which is as ancient as
Vesp. 1. ) (VESPASIANUS. )
the time of Gregory of Tours and Fortunatus of
PETROCO'RIUS PETRICO'RDIUS Poictiers, by whom it was shared. After the first
(PAULINUS). Among the various Paulini who publication of the works they were inserted in
flourished in the Western Empire in the fifth cen- several collections of the Christian poets, and in
tury, was Paulinus, called in the MSS. Petricordius, some editions (e. g. Paris, 1575, 1589, and Cologne,
which modern critics correct to Petrocorius, and 1618) of the Bibliotheca Patrum, generally, how-
suppose to be given him from the place of his birth, ever, under the name of Paulinus of Nola. In the
inferred to be Petrocorii, the modern Perigueux. Lyon edition of the Bibliotheca Patrum, fol. 1677,
Some moderns have erroneously given to him the vol. vi. p. 297, &c. , they are ascribed to their right
praenomen Benedictus ; an error which has arisen author. They were again published by Christianus
from their having regarded as a name the epithet Daumius, 8vo. Leipzig, 1686, with ample notes of
“ benedictus," " blessed,” given to him by some Juretus, Barthius, Gronovius, and Daumius. To
who have confounded him with his more celebrated the works of our Paulinus were subjoined in this
namesake, Paulinus of Nola [PAULINUS, P. edition, the Eucharisticon of Paulinus the Penitent,
144). Sidonius Apollinaris (Epistol. viii. 11) or Paulinus of Pella (PAULINU'S), and the pocin
nuentions a Paulinus, an eminent rhetorician of on Jonah and the Ninevites, ascribed to Ter
or
## p. 215 (#231) ############################################
PETRONIUS.
215
PETRONIUS.
tullian. (Histoire Littéraire de la France, vol. ii. 4. PETRONIUS, a tribune of the soldiers, served
p. 469, &c. ; Cave, Ilisl. Litt. ad ann. 461, vol. i. in the army of Crassus, in his expedition against
p. 449, fol. Oxon. 1740—1743 ; Fabric. Biblioth. the Parthians, B. c. 55, and was with Crassus when
Mediae et Infimae Lutinitat. vol. v. p. 206, ed. the latter was killed. (Plut. Cruss. 30, 31. )
Mansi; Tilleniont, Mémoires, vol xvi. p. 404 ; 5. PETRONIUS, had taken part in the con-
Oudin, De Scriptoribus et Scriptis Eales. vol. i. spiracy against Caesar's life, and was subsequently
col. 1288—1289. )
(J. C. M. ] put to death by Antony in Asia. (Appian, B. C.
PETRON (Népwr), called also Petronas (Pe- v. 4. )
TRONAS), a Greek physician, born in the island of 6. C. PETRONIUS, succeeded Aelius Gallus in
Aegina (Schol. in Hom. N. xi. 624, ed. Bekker), the government of Egypt, carried on war in B. c. 22
who lived later than Hippocrates, and before Hero- against the Aethiopians, who had iuvaded Egypt
philus and Erasistratus (Cels. De Med. iii. 9, p. under their queen Candace. Petronius not only
49), and therefore probably about the middle of the drove back the Aethiopians, but took many of
fourth century B. C. He appears to have written a their principal towns. The details of the war are
work on pharmacy (Galen, De Compos. Medicam. given under Candace (Dion Cass. liv. 5 ; Strab.
sec. Gen. iii. 9, vol. xiii. p. 642); but he was most xvii.
and seems to have reference to the temple of Jupiter Opera, vol. ii. pp. 233, 234, ed. Col. Agripp. 1612. )
Capitolinus.
llis name, as connected with astrology, was in
high repute early in Greece, and in Ronie, in her
degenerate days. This we learn from the praises
bestowed on him by Manethon (v. 10), who, in-
deed, in the prologue to the first and fifth books of
his Apotelesmatica, professes only to expand in
Greck verse the prose rules of Petosiris ; from Julius
Firmicus (Mathes. iv. in praefat. &c. ), who calls
Petosiris and Nechepsos, divini illi viri atque omni
admirutione digui ; and, from the references of
Pliny. (H. N. i. 23, vii. 49. ) But the best proof
PETI'LLIUS. 1, 2. Q. PetillII, two tri- is the fact, that, like our own Lilly, Petosiris
bunes of the plebs, B. c. 185, are said to have been became the common name for an astrologer, as we
instigated by Cato the Censor, to accuse Scipio find in Aristophanes, quoted by Athenaeus (iii.
Africanus the elder, of having been bribed by p. 114, c. ), in the 45th epigram of Lucillius (Jacobs,
Antiochus to allow that monarch to come off too Anthol. Gruec. vol. ii. p. 38), whence we learn the
leniently ; but according to other authorities it was quantity, and in Juvenal, vi. 580. Marsham has a
r
M. Naevius and not the Petillii who brought the full dissertation on Nechepsos and Petosiris, in the
charge. On the death of Africanus in this year, work above quoted (pp. 474–481). (W. M. G. )
the Petillii brought forward a bill for making an PETRAEA (Iletpaia), is the name of one of the
inquiry respecting the persons who had received | Oceanides, and also occurs as a surname of Scylla,
money from Antiochus without paying it into the who dwelt in or on a rock. (Hes. Theog. 357;
treasury. (Liv. xxxviii. 50, 54, 56 ; comp. Gell. Hom. Od. xii. 231. )
[L. S. ]
iv. 18; Aur. Vict. de Vir. II. 49. ) (NAEVIUS, PETRAEUS (Pietpaios). 1. One of the cen-
taurs who figures at the wedding of Peirithous.
3. L. PETILLIUS, a scriba, in whose land at (Hes. Scut. Hlerc. 185; Ov. Met. xii. 330. )
the foot of the Janiculus, the books of Numa were 2. A surname of Poseidon among the Thessa-
said to have been found in B. c. 181. The books lians, because he was believed to have separated
were subsequently taken to the city-praetor Petil- | the rocks, between which the river Peneius flows
lius Spurinus. (Liv. xl. 29. ) (Numa, p. 1213, ) into the sea. (Pind. Pyth. iv. 246, with the
4. L. PETILLIUS, was sent as ambassador in Schol. )
(L. S. )
B. c. 168 with M. Perperna to the Illyrian king PETRAEUS (Iet paios), a friend of Philip V. ,
Gentius, and was with his colleague thrown into king of Macedonia, who was sent by that monarch
prison by that king, but was liberated shortly to Sparta in B. C. 220, to receive the submission of
afterwards on the conquest of Gentius by the the Lacedaemonians, and confirm them in their
praetor Anicius. (Liv. xliv. 27,32 ; Appian, Mac. allegiance to Macedonia. We subsequently fir. d
Ivi. 1. )
him commanding a military force in Thessaly,
5. M. PETILIUS, a Roman eques, who carried where he successfully opposed the invasion of that
on business at Syracuse, while Verres was go country by the Aetolian general Dorimachus, 1. c.
vernor of Sicily. (Cic. l'err. ii. 29. )
218. (Polyb. iv. 24, v. 17. ) (E. H. B. ]
6. Q. PETilius, a judex at the trial of Milo. PETREIUS. 1. Cx. PETREIUS, of Atina,
(Cic. pro Mil. 16. )
was a centurion primi pili in the army of Q. Ca-
PETI'LLIUS CEREA'LIS. (CEREALIS. ) tulus, B. C. 102, in the Cimbrian war, and received
PETI'LLIUS RUFUS. (Rufus. )
a crown on account of his preserving a legion.
PETINES (Netivms), one of the generals who (Plin. H. N. xxii. 6. )
commanded the Persian army at the passage of the 2. M. PETREIUS, is first mentioned in B. C. 62,
Granicus, B. C. 334. He was killed in the battle. when he served as legatus to the proconsul C.
(Arr. Anab. i. 12. 16. )
(E. H. B. ) Antonius, in his campaign against Catiline. Both
PETOSI'RIS (netódipis), an Egyptian priest Cicero and Sallust speak of Petreius as a man of
and astrologer, who is generally named along with great military experience, and one who possessed
Nechepsos, an Egyptian king. The two are considerable influence with the troops. "He had
said to be the founders of astrology, and of the art previously served in the army more than thirty
of casting nativities. Suidas (s. v. ) states that years, either as tribune, praefectus, legatus, or
Petosiris wrote on the right mode of worshipping praetor ; but we know nothing of his former
the gods, astrological maxims ek twv iepwv Babniwv history, nor in what year he was praetor. In
(which are often referred to in connection with consequence of the illness of Antonius, according
astrology), and a work on the Egyptian mysteries. to one statement, or his dislike to fight against his
But we may infer from a statement made by Vet- former friend, as others relate, the supreme com-
tius Valens, of which the substance is given by mand of the army devolved upon Petreius on the day
Marsham (Canon Chronicus, p. 479, ed. Lips. 1676), of the battle, in which Catiline perished. (Sall. Cui.
that Suidas assigns to Petosiris, what others attri- 59, 60 ; Dion Cass. xxxvii. 39, 40; Cic. pro Sest.
bute partly to him, and partly to Nechepsos. For 5. ) The name of Petreius next occurs in B. c. 59,
his 'Όργαιον 'Αστρονομικών, or, Ψήφος σεληνιακή, in which year he offered to go to prison with Cato,
containing astrological principles for predicting the when Caesar, the consul, threatened the latter with
event of diseases, and for his other writings, I this punishment. ( Dion Cass. xxxviii. 3. ) In B. C. 53
Fabricius (Billa Grucc. vol. iv. p. 160) may be i Petreius was sent into Spain along with L. Afranius
P3
## p. 214 (#230) ############################################
214
PETROCORIUS.
PETROCORIUS.
as legatus of Pompey, to whom the provinces of the Perignenx, whom Sirmond supposed to be the
two Spains had been granted. On the breaking out subject of the present article, but whom the authors
of the civil war in B. C. 49, Afranius and Petreius of the Histoire Littéraire de la France consider, but
were in Nearer Spain at the head of so powerful an with little reason, to be his father. Our Paulinus
army, that Caesar, after obtaining possession of was intimate with Perpetuus, who was bishop of
Italy, hastened to Spain to reduce those provinces. Tours from A. D. 461 to 491, and whom he calls his
Afranius and Petreius, on the approach of Caesar, patron. It was at the desire of Perpetuus that he
united their forces, and took up a strong position put into verse the life of St. Martin of Tours ; and
near the town of Ilerda (Lerida in Catalonia), on in an epistle addressed to that prelate, he humbly
the right bank of the Sicoris (Segre). At first tells him, with an amusing reference to the history
they were very successful, and Caesar was placed in of Balaam, that, in giving him confidence to speak,
great difficulties ; but these he quickly surmounted, he had repeated the miracle of opening the mouth
and soon reduced the enemy to such straits, that of the ass. He afterwards supplied, at the desire
Afranius and Petreius were obliged to surrender. of the bishop, some verses to be inscribed on the
They were dismissed uninjured by Caesar, part of walls of the new church which Perpetuus finished
their troops disbanded, and the remainder incor about a. D. 473 (or according to Oudin, A. D. 482),
porated in the conqueror's army. Petreius joined and to which the body of St. Martin was transferred.
Pompey in Greece, and after the loss of the battle He sent with them some rerses De Visitatione Ne
of Pharsalia in B. C. 48, he first fled to Patrae in potuli sui, on occasion of the cure, supposed to be
Achnia, and subsequently passed over to Africa. miraculous, which his grandson and the young lady
He took an active part in the campaign in Africa to whom he was married or betrothed, bad expe-
in B. C. 46. At the battle of Ruspina, fought at rienced through the efficacy of a document, ap-
the beginning of January in this year, he was parently the account of the miracles of St. Martin,
severely wounded ; and he was also present at the writien by the hand of the bishop. We gather
battle of Thapsus in the month of April, by which that this poem was written when the author
Caesar completely destroyed all the hopes of the was old, from the circumstance of his having a
Pompeian party in Africa. After the loss of the grandson of marriageable age. Of the death of
battle Petreius filed with Juba to Zama, and as Paulinus we have no account.
the inhabitants of that town would not admit them The works of Paulinus Petrocorius are :- 1. De
within its walls, they retired to a country house of Vita S. Martini, a poem in hexameter verse, divided
Juba's, where despairing of safety they fell by into six books. It has little poetical or other merit.
each other's hands. The exact manner of their The first three books are little else than a versiñed
death is somewhat differently related by different abridgement of the De Beati Martini lita Liber
writers. According to some accounts Juba des- of Sulpicius Severus ; and the fourth and fifth
patched Petreius first and then killed himself, comprehend the incidents mentioned in the Dialogi
while the contrary is stated by others. (Cic. ad II. et III. de Virtutibus Beati Martini of the same
Att. viii. 2 ; Caes. B. C. i. 38, 63—86 ; Hirt. B. author. The sixth book comprises a description of
Afr. 18, 19, 91, 94; Dion Cass. xli. 20, xlii. 13, the miracles which had been wrought at the tomb
xliii. 2, 8; Appian, B. C. ii. 42, 43, 95, 100 ; of St. Martin, under the eyes of Perpetuus, who
Lucan, iv. 4, &c. ; Vell. Pat. ii. 48, 50; Suet. had sent an account of them to Paulinus. 2. De
Caes. 34, 75 ; Liv. Epit. 110, 114. )
Visitatione Nepotuli sui, a description of the mira-
3. M. PETREIUS, a centurion in Caesar's army culous cure of his grandson already mentioned;
the Gallic war, who died fighting bravely at also written in hexameter verse. 3. De Orantibus
Gergovia, B. C. 52. (Caes. B. G. vii. 50. )
(an inappropriate title, which should rather be
PETRICHUS (Ilétpixos), the author of a Orantibus simply, or Ad Orantes), apparently a
Greek poem on venomous serpents, 'Opiakó, who portion of the hexameter verses designed to be in-
lived in or before the first century after Christ. scribed on the walls of the new church built by
His poem, which is no longer extant, is quoted Perpetuus. 4. Perpetuo Episcopo Epistola. This
by Pliny (H. N. xx. 96, xxii. 40) and the letter was sent to Perpetuus, with the verses De
scholiast on Nicander's Theriaca (pp. 47, 50, ed. Visitatione and De Orantibus. The works of
Ald. ).
(W. A. G. ] Paulinus Petrocorius were first printed by Fran-
PETRO, T. FLAVIUS, the ancestor of the ciscus Juretus, Paris, 1585. Some writers hare
emperor Vespasian, was a native of the municipium spoken, but without foundation, of an earlier edition
of Reate, and served as a centurion in Pompey's printed at Dijon : Juretus ascribed the works to
army at the battle of Pharsalia, B. C. 48. (Suet. Paulinus of Nola, an error which is as ancient as
Vesp. 1. ) (VESPASIANUS. )
the time of Gregory of Tours and Fortunatus of
PETROCO'RIUS PETRICO'RDIUS Poictiers, by whom it was shared. After the first
(PAULINUS). Among the various Paulini who publication of the works they were inserted in
flourished in the Western Empire in the fifth cen- several collections of the Christian poets, and in
tury, was Paulinus, called in the MSS. Petricordius, some editions (e. g. Paris, 1575, 1589, and Cologne,
which modern critics correct to Petrocorius, and 1618) of the Bibliotheca Patrum, generally, how-
suppose to be given him from the place of his birth, ever, under the name of Paulinus of Nola. In the
inferred to be Petrocorii, the modern Perigueux. Lyon edition of the Bibliotheca Patrum, fol. 1677,
Some moderns have erroneously given to him the vol. vi. p. 297, &c. , they are ascribed to their right
praenomen Benedictus ; an error which has arisen author. They were again published by Christianus
from their having regarded as a name the epithet Daumius, 8vo. Leipzig, 1686, with ample notes of
“ benedictus," " blessed,” given to him by some Juretus, Barthius, Gronovius, and Daumius. To
who have confounded him with his more celebrated the works of our Paulinus were subjoined in this
namesake, Paulinus of Nola [PAULINUS, P. edition, the Eucharisticon of Paulinus the Penitent,
144). Sidonius Apollinaris (Epistol. viii. 11) or Paulinus of Pella (PAULINU'S), and the pocin
nuentions a Paulinus, an eminent rhetorician of on Jonah and the Ninevites, ascribed to Ter
or
## p. 215 (#231) ############################################
PETRONIUS.
215
PETRONIUS.
tullian. (Histoire Littéraire de la France, vol. ii. 4. PETRONIUS, a tribune of the soldiers, served
p. 469, &c. ; Cave, Ilisl. Litt. ad ann. 461, vol. i. in the army of Crassus, in his expedition against
p. 449, fol. Oxon. 1740—1743 ; Fabric. Biblioth. the Parthians, B. c. 55, and was with Crassus when
Mediae et Infimae Lutinitat. vol. v. p. 206, ed. the latter was killed. (Plut. Cruss. 30, 31. )
Mansi; Tilleniont, Mémoires, vol xvi. p. 404 ; 5. PETRONIUS, had taken part in the con-
Oudin, De Scriptoribus et Scriptis Eales. vol. i. spiracy against Caesar's life, and was subsequently
col. 1288—1289. )
(J. C. M. ] put to death by Antony in Asia. (Appian, B. C.
PETRON (Népwr), called also Petronas (Pe- v. 4. )
TRONAS), a Greek physician, born in the island of 6. C. PETRONIUS, succeeded Aelius Gallus in
Aegina (Schol. in Hom. N. xi. 624, ed. Bekker), the government of Egypt, carried on war in B. c. 22
who lived later than Hippocrates, and before Hero- against the Aethiopians, who had iuvaded Egypt
philus and Erasistratus (Cels. De Med. iii. 9, p. under their queen Candace. Petronius not only
49), and therefore probably about the middle of the drove back the Aethiopians, but took many of
fourth century B. C. He appears to have written a their principal towns. The details of the war are
work on pharmacy (Galen, De Compos. Medicam. given under Candace (Dion Cass. liv. 5 ; Strab.
sec. Gen. iii. 9, vol. xiii. p. 642); but he was most xvii.
