No More Learning

; and in Greek and Latin, To-
to the Greek Anthology, and he wrote a work ex-losae, 1637, 8vo. The latest and best edition is
pressly, liep! Tô Kard Todels éteypapuátwr that of Caspar and Conrad Orelli, Lips. 1819,
(Ath. x. pp. 436, d. , 442, e. ); besides which, other 8vo. (Fabric. Bill. Graec. vol. vi. pp. 2—4 ;
works of his are mentioned, upon the votive Clinton, Fasti Romani, s. a. 133, 135, 143. ) There
offerings and monuments in the Acropolis of is a coin of Hadrian, bearing the inscription
Athens, at Lacedaemon, at Delphi, and elsewhere, NOAEMON. ANEOHKE. CMTPNAIOIC. (Rasche,
which no doubt contained copies of numerous epi- Lexicon Rei Num. s. v. Polemon; Eckhel, Doctr.
grams. Hence Jacobs infers that, in all probability, Num. Vet. vol. ii. p. 562). This coin belongs to
his works formed a chief source of the Garland of a class which Eckhel has explained in a dissertation
Meleager (Animadv. in Anth. Graec. vol. i. Prooem. (vol. iv. c. 19, pp. 368—374). The question re-
pp. xxxiv. xxxv. ). Athenaeus and other writers specting the identity of the sophist with the writer,
make very numerous quotations from his works, who forms the subject of the following article, is
the titles of which it is unnecessary to give at discussed by Fr. Passow (Ueber Polemon's Zeitalter,
length. They are chiefly descriptions of different in the Archiv. für Philologie und Paedagogik, 1825,
parts of Greece ; some are on the paintings pre vol. i. pp. 7-9, Vermischte Schriften, p. 137. ) (P. S. )
served in various places, and several are contro- POʻLEMON (Tonéuwv), the author of a short
versial, among which is one against Eratosthenes. Greek work on Physiognomy, which is still
(Fabric. Bibl. Graec, vol. iii. p. 184 ; Vossius, de extant. Nothing is known of the events of his
Hist. Graec. pp. 159, foll. ed. Westermann; Clin life, but from some expressions that he uses (e. g.
ton, F. H. vol. iii. p. 524, where a list of his works the word eibwódutos, i. 6. p. 197) it has been
is given. )
supposed that he was a Christian. With respect
4. ANTONIUS, a highly celebrated sophist and to his date it can only be stated that he must
rhetorician, who flourished under Trajan, Hadrian, I have lived in or before the third century after
a
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436
POLITES.
POLLIO.
9
Christ, as he is mentioned by Origen (Cont. Cels. POLIU'CHOS (Tlonioù xos), i. e. “protecting
i. 33. p. 35), ed. Bened. ), and from his style he can- | the city," occurs as a surname of several divinities,
not be supposed to have lived much earlier than this such as Athena Chalcioecus at Sparta (Paus. iii.
time. His work, which appears to have suffered 17. $ 2), and of Athena at Athens (Comp.
much from the ignorance of transcribers, consists ATHENA. )
(L. S. ]
of two books : in the first, which contains twenty- POLLA, the name of several Roman females,
three chapters, after proving the utility of phy. was merely another form of Paulla, like Clodius
siognomy, he lays down the general principles of of Claudius.
the science ; he speaks of the shape of the head, 1. The wife of D. Brutus, one of the murderers
the colour of the hair, of the forehead, the eyes, of Caesar. Cicero calls her simply Polla (ad Fum.
the ears, the nose, the manner of breathing, the xi. 8), but we learn from a letter of Caelius
sound of the voice, &c. ; in the second book, which (ad Fam. viii. 7) that her full name was Paulla
consists of twenty-seven chapters, he goes on to Valeria, She was a sister of the C. Valerius
apply the principles he had before laid down, and Triarius, who was tribune of the plebs B. c. 51,
describes in a few words the characters of the and who subsequently served in the civil war in
courageous man, the timid, the impudent, the Pompey's fleet. She divorced her husband, whose
passionate, the talkative, &c. It was first pub- name is not mentioned, in B. c. 50, without being
lished in Greek by Camillus Peruscus, with able to give any reason for so doing, and then
Aelian's “Varia Historia," and other works, at married D. Brutus (ad Fum. viii. 7).
Rome, 1545, 410. It was translated into Latin 2. The mother of L. Gellius Publicola (Dion
by Nicolaus Petreius, and published with Me- Cass. xlvii. 24, where the manuscripts have
lerius “ De Natura Hominis," and other works, | Palla. )
at Venice, 1552, 4to. The last and best edition 3. The sister of M. Agrippa. (Dion Cass. lv. 8. )
is that by J. G. F. Franz in his “Scriptores Phy- 4. ACERRONIA Polla, the friend of Agrippina,
siognomoniae Veteres,” Altenburg. 1780. Bro. is spoken of under ACERRONIA.
in Greek and Latin, with a Preface and Notes. 5. VESPAsia Polla, the daughter of Vespasius
It was translated into Arabic, and is still extant Pollio, and the mother of the emperor Vespasian.
in that language. [PHILEMON). (See Franz's (Suet. Vesp. 1. )
Preface to his " Script. Physiogn. Vet. " and Penny 6. Argentaria POLLA, the wife of the poet
Cyclopaedia. )
(W. A. G. ) Lucan. (Stat. Silv. ü. 7. 62, &c. ; Martial, vii. 21,
POʻLEMON, of Alexandria, a painter men- 23, x. 64. )
tioned by Pliny among those who were non igno- POLLE’NIUS SEBENNUS, lived in the
biles quidem, in transcursu tamen dicendi (H. N. reign of Alexander Severus (Dion Cass. Ixxvi. 9. )
xxxv. 11. 6. 40. 42).
[P. S. ] POLLES (róxins). Suidas mentions (s. v. Me
POʻLIAS (Nonies), i. e. “ the goddess protect- Adunovs), that Melampus and Polles had acquired
ing the city," a surname of Athena at Athens, such celebrity as diviners, that there was a current
where she was especially worshipped as the pro proverb, “ It needs a Melampus or a Polles to divine
tecting divinity of the acropolis. (Paus. i. 27. & 1; it. ” He was a native of Aegae in Asia Minor, and
Arnob. adv. Gent. vi. 193. )
(L. S. ] wrote copiously on the subject of divination in all
PO’LICHUS, artist. [PTOLICH US.
]
its forms; as on the prognostications to be derived
POLIEUS (Ionieus)," the protector of the from the objects that met a traveller on his way;
city,” a surname of Zeus, under which he had an from what occurred at home ; regarding the result
altar on the acropolis at Athens. Upon this altar of diseases; and similar subjects, for wbich see
barley and wheat were strewed, which were con- Suidas (s. τη. Οιωνιστικήν, Πάλλης). [W. M. G. ]
sumed by the bull about to be sacrificed to the god. POLLEX, one of Cicero's slaves. (Cic. ad Fam.
The priest who killed the victim, threw away the xiv. 6, ad Att. viii. 5, xiii. 46, 47. )
axe as soon as he had struck the fatal blow, and POLLIANUS (IIw. Mavós), an epigrammatic
the axe was then brought before a court of justice. poet, five of whose pieces are preserved in the
(Paus. i. 24. § 4, 28. § 11. )
(L. S. ] Greek Anthology. From the first of these epigrama
POLI'OCH US (Furioxos), an Athenian comic it is probable that he was a grammarian ; the third
poet, of uncertain age, of whom two fragments only | is addressed to a poet named Florus, who is pos-
occur in Athenaeus (vii. p. 313, c. ii. p. 60, c. ), sibly the Florus who lived under Hadrian ; but
the one from his Kopivêlaotńs, and the other from there is no other indication of the writer's age.
a play, of which the title is not mentioned. (Mei- (Brunck, Anal. vol. ii. p. 439 ; Jacobs, Arth.
neke, Frag. Com. Graec. vol. i. p. 498, vol. iv. Graec. vol. iii. pp. 146, 147, vol. xiii. p. 910. ) [P. S. )
pp. 589, 590. )
(P. S. ) POʻLLIO, artists. 1. A gem-engraver (Bracci,
POLIORCEʼTES, DEME'TRIUS. [Deme- Praef. ad Comm. ii. p. 6).
TRIUS, p. 962. ]
2. C. Postumius, an architect, whose name occurs
POLIS, a statuary, mentioned by Pliny among in an inscription in the cathedral at Terracina ;
those who made athletas et armatos et venatores sa- from which it may be inferred, with much probabi-
crificantesque (H. N. xxxiv. 8. s. 19. & 34). [P. S. ) | lity, that he was the architect of the celebrated
POLI'TES (Tonítns). 1. A son of Priam and temple of Apollo at that place. From another in-
Hecabe, and father of Priam the younger, was a scription it appears that C. Cocceius, the architect
valiant warrior, but was slain by Pyrrhus. (Hom. of the temple of Augustus at Pozzuoli, was the
II. ii. 791, xiii. 533, xxiv. 250 ; Virg. Aen. ii. 526, freedman and disciple of this Postumius Pollio.
v. 564. )
(R. Rochette, Lettre à M. Schorn, pp. 440—441,
2. A companion of Odysseus, who is said to 2nd ed. )
[P. S. ]
have been worshipped as a hero at Temesa in Italy. POʻLLIO, A'NNIUS, was accused of treason
(Hom. Od. x. 224 ; Strab. vi. p. 255. )
(majestas) towards the end of the reign of Tibe-
3. One of the companions of Menelaus. (Paus rius, but was not brought to trial. He was sub
x. 25. § 2. )
[L. S. ) sequently one of Nero's intimate friends, but was
vu.


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POLLIO.
437
POLLIO.
notwithstanding accused of taking part in Piso's Caesar next year, B. C. 45, in his campaign in
conspiracy against that emperor in A. D. 63, and Spain, and on his return to Rome must have been
was in consequence banished. His wife's name one of the fourteen praetors, whom Caesar ap-
was Servilia. (Tuc. Ann. vi. 9, xv. 56, 71, xvi. pointed in the course of this year, since we find
30. )
him called praetorius in the history of B. C. 44. (Vell.
POʻLLIO, ANTIUS, one of the consules suf- Pat. ii. 73. ) He did not, however, remain long
fecti in A. D. 155 (Fasti).
in Rome, for Caesar sent him again into Spain,
POʻLLIO, ASI'NIUS. 1. C. A SINIUS POLLIO, with the command of the Further Province, in
a distinguished orator, poet and historian of the order to prosecute the war against Sex. Pompey,
Augustan age. He was descended from a family who had again collected a considerable force since
of the Marrucini, and he may have been a grand the battle of Munda. Ile was in his province at
son of the Herins Asinius, who commanded this the time of Caesar's death on the 15th of March,
people in the Marsic war. We learn from the B. C. 44, and his campaign against Sextus is
Fasti Capitolini, and from inscriptions, that his described by his panegyrist Velleius Paterculus
father's name was Cncius Pollio was born at (1. c. ) as most glorious ; but he was, in fact,
Rome in B. c. 76 according to Hieronymus (in defeated, and nearly lost his life in the battle
Euseb. Chron. ), and he had consequently frequent (Dion Cass. xlv. 10). He would probably have
opportunities of bearing in his youth Cicero, been unable to maintain his position in his pro-
Caesar, Hortensius, and the other great orators of vince, if a peace had not been concluded after
the age. He was early fired with the ambition of Caesar's death between Rome and Sextus. This
treading in the footsteps of these illustrious men, was brought about by the mediation of Antony
and accordingly in B. c. 54, when he was only and Lepidus ; Sextus quitted Spain, but Pollio
twenty-two ears of age, he came forward as the continued quietly in his province.
accuser of C. Cato, on account of the disturbances On the breaking out of the war between Antony
which the latter had caused in B. C. 56, when he and the senate in B. C. 43, Pollio was strongly
was tribune of the plebs. Cato was defended by pressed to assist the latter with troops. In his
C. Licinius Calvus and M. Scaurus ; but as the letters to Cicero, three of which have come down
illegal acts of which he was accused, had been to us (ad Fam. x. 31-33), he expresses great
performed to favour the election of Pompey and devotion to the cause of the senate, but alleges
Crassus to the consulship, he was now supported various reasons why it is impossible for him to
by the powerful influence of the former, and was comply with their request. Like most of Caesar's
accordingly acquitted. It can scarcely be inferred other friends, he probably did not in heart
from this accusation that Pollio was in favour of wish success to the senatorial party, but at the
the republican party; he probably only wished same time would not commit himself to Antony.
to attract attention, and obtain celebrity by his Even when the latter was joined by Lepidus, he
hold attack against one of the creatures of the still hesitated to declare in their favour ; but when
triumvirs. At all events, he espoused Caesar's Octavian espoused their side, and compelled the
party, when a rupture at length took place be senate in the month of Augnist to repeal the sen-
tween Caesar and Pompey, and repaired to Caesar tence of outlawry which had been pronounced
in Cisalpine Gaul probably in the course of B. c. against them, Pollio at length joined them with
50. He accompanied Caesar in his passage across three legions, and persuaded L. Plancus in Gaul
the Rubicon at the beginning of B. c. 49, on which to follow his example. Octavian, Antony, and
occasion he is mentioned in a manner that would Lepidus then formed the triumvirate, and deter-
indicate that he was one of Caesar's intimate mined who should be consuls for the next five
friends (Plut. Caes. 32), and was a witness of years. Pollio was nominated for B. C. 40, but
his triumphal progress through the towns of Italy. was in return obliged to consent to the proscription
After Caesar bad obtained possession of Italy of his father-in-law, L. Quintius.
Pollio was sent, under the command of Curio, to In the division of the provinces among the tri-
drive M.