ment into the desert was
occasioned
by his sur- 73, 74, ed.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - c
The poem was first published
entitled of após Labelavov 16you, Ad Sabianum by Ducange, from a transcript belonging to Sal-
Libri, and some fragments of his are cited in the masius, from a MS. in the Palatine Library. Du-
Concilia (vol. iii. p. 338, ed. Labbe). Vincentius cange corrected the text of the MS. , supplied the
Lirinensis, in his Commonitorium, states that the smaller lacunae, and added a valuable preface and
writings of Paul abounded in quotations from the Latin version, and a Descriptio Ecclesiae S. Sophiae,
Scriptures both of the 0. T. and N. T. (Euseb. I. by way of commentary. With this illustrative ap
cc. ; Athanas. loc. and Ad Episcopos Aegypt. et paratus, the work was published in the Paris
Lybiae, c. 4, De Synodis, c. 4. $ 43, Contra Apol edition of the Corpus Historiae Byzantinae, sub
linar. lib. ii. c. 3 ; Epiphan. Haeres. Ixv. ; Augustin. joined to the Historia of Cinnamus, fol. Paris, 1670 ;
De Haeresibus, c. 44 ; Theodoret. Haeret. Fubul. and was reprinted in the Venetian edition of the
Compend, lib. ii. c. 8,11; Philastrius, llaeresis, Ixv. ; Corpus Historiae Byzantinae, with the works of
Suidas, s. o. Ilavaos; Concilia, vol. i. p. 843, &c. Anna Comnena and Cinnainus, fol. 1729. It was
ed. Labbe, p. 1031, &c. ed. Mansi ; Cave, Hist. again published, with the text revised by Bekker,
Litt. ad ann. 260, vol. i. p. 135 ; Le Quien, Oriens in the 'Bonn edition of the Byzantine historians,
а
the answer to them, to the letter of
annot have been addressed to bis.
y can be regarded as really addressed
is one else will depend on the decor
in of the letter itself. Notwithstand
al of Dionrsius to attend, a ecard
8. D. 264 or 265)
, over which Finans
of the Cappadocian Caesareia
, ed
ost eminent prelates of his das
, pirt
gory Thaumaturgus and his bro:ber
(GREGORIUS THAUMATURGUS} were
milian condemned the opinions held
d to Paul (between whom and his po
h dialectic fencing took place)
, bet
explanation or promise of retractabit
pul, and prevailed on the cocrc!
its judgment (Euseb. H. E. r. 1. 3
owever, Paul, after the council hindi
continued to inculcate his obzorious
fecond council was summoned, I gipe
decision. Firmilian died at Tassa
to attend it; and Helenus of Tarse
L4
## p. 152 (#168) ############################################
152
PAULUS.
PAULUS.
8vo. 1837. In this last edition, beside the De- | The assiduity of Paul in the exercises of an
scriptio of Ducange, there is given a De Aede ascetic life was rewarded, according to his cre-
Sophiana Commentarius of Bandurius, written by dulous biographer Palladius, with miraculous gifts,
him as a commentary on the fourth book of an and " he surpassed even his master in vexing the
anonymous work, De Antiquitatibus CPolitanis, daemons, and putting them to flight" (Sozomen).
with plans and elevations of the building. The The date of Paul's retirement, and the time of his
work of Paulus was also published by Graefe, death, are not known ; but an anecdote recorded
Hvo. Leipzig, 1822. 2. Expoagis Toù đubwvos, in the Eccles. Graec. Monumenta of Cotelerius (vol.
Descriptio Ambonis, consisting of 304 verses, of i. p. 351) shows that he was living at the accession
which the first twenty nine are iambic, the rest of the emperor Constantius II. , A. D. 337. (Pal-
hexameter. This poem is in fact a second part of the ladius, Hist. Lausiac. c. 28, in the Billioth. Patrum,
former, and, as the title informs us, was read after fol. Paris, 1654, vol. xiii. p. 941 ; Sozomen, H. E.
the first. It was not given by Ducange, or in the i. 13 ; Tillemont, Mémoires, vol. vii. p. 144, &c. )
Venetian reprint. It was published by Graefe, 20. Sophista. (No. 22. ]
and in the Bonn edition of the Byzantine writers, 21. SOPHISTA. the Sophist, of Lycopolis in
suhjoined to the foriner work, with some various Egypt, son of Besarion or Didymus, lived in the
readings, but without any preface, version, or notes. reign of the emperor Constantine, and wrote a
3. A number of Epigrammata, eighty-three in all, work now lost, described by Suidas as 'Tróurica
given in the Anthologiu (vol. iii. p. 71, &c. ed. Commentarius. (Suidas, s. e. Naùaos AirúrTiOs. )
Brunck, vol. iv. p. 41, &c. ed. Jacobs). Among 22. Of TYRE, a sophist or rhetorician of the time
these is a poem, Eis tà èv Dubious Sépua, De of Hadrian. He was deputed, apparently by his
Thermis Pythiis, improperly inserted by the first countrymen, as their delegate to the emiperor, and
editors of the Anthologia, and was entitled in succeeded in obtaining for Tyre the rank of a me-
their edition, 'Huiauba siuetpa após Toy Ba- tropolis. He wrote the following works enume-
σιλέα τον Κωνσταντίνον τον Πορφυρογένητον, rated by Suidas, but all now lost. I. Tέχνη ρητο-
Semiiambi ad Imperatorem Constantinum Porphy- porń, Ars Rhetorica. 2. Ipoyvuvdouata, Progym-
rogenitum. This title led Fabricius and others to nasmata. 3. Menétai, Declamationes. (Suidas,
the conclusion that it was written by a younger s. r. ; Eudocia, 'lwvid, s. v. ; Fabric. Bibl. Graec.
Paul. But the title is omitted in some MSS. , and vol. vi. p. 135 ; Tillemont, Hist. des Empereurs,
there is reason to believe that it is erroneous, and vol. ii. p. 278. )
(J. C. M. )
that the poem is the production of the Paul of Jus- PAULUS AEGINETA (Παύλος Αίγινήτης),
tinian's time. (Ducange, Praef. in Paul. Silentiar. ; a celebrated Greek medical writer, of whose per-
Jacobs, Catalogus Poetarum Epigrammaticorum, sonal history nothing is known except that he was
subjoined to the Anthologia ; Vossius, De Historicis born in the island of Aegina, and that he travelled
Graecis, l. c. ; Oudin, Commentar, de Scriptoribus a good deal, visiting, among other places, Aler.
Eccles. vol. i. col. 1439 ; Fabric. Biblioth. Graec. andria (iv. 49, p. 526). He is sometimes called
vol. iv. p. 487, vol. vii. p. 581. )
'lat pooo LOTTS (see Dict. of Ant. s. e. ) and Tepio-
19. Simplex, the SIMPLE (ở đTrous), so called deutńs, a word which probably means a physician
on account of the child-like simplicity of his character. who travelled from place to place in the exercise
He was a countryman, with a wife and family, who, of his profession. The exact time when he lived
at sixty years of age, embraced a life of religious is not known ; but, as he quotes Alexander Tral-
solitude, in which he attained great eminence. His lianus (iii. 28, 78, pp. 447, 495, vii. 5, 11, 19,
native country appears to have been Egypt, but the pp. 650, 660, 687), and is himself quoted by
place of his residence is not described. His retire-Yahya Ibn Serábí or Serapion (Pract. vii. 9, pp.
ment into the desert was occasioned by his sur- 73, 74, ed. Lugd. 1525), it is probable that Abú-
prising his wife, who was exceedingly beautiful, and 1- Faraj is correct in placing him in the latter half
must have been much younger than himself, in the of the seventh century after Christ. (Hist. Dynast.
act of adultery with a paramour with whom she p. 114. ) Suidas says he wrote several medical
appears to have long carried on a criminal inter-works, of which the principal one is still extant,
course. Abandoning to the care of the adulterer, with no exact title, but commonly called “ De Re
not only his guilty wife, but also his innocent Medica Libri Septem. " This work is chiefly a
children, according to Palladius and Socrates, he compilation from former writers; and the preface
took his departure, after having, “ with a placid contains the following summary of the contents of
smile” (nipena eriyendoai), or " a decorous smile" each book:—“In the first book you will find
(yendoas oeuvov), said to the adulterer, "Well, every thing that relates to hygiene, and to the
well ; truly it matters not to me. By Jesus! I preservation from, and correction of, distempers
will not take her again. Go ; you have her and peculiar to the various ages, seasons, temperaments,
her children ; for I am going away, and shall be and so forth ; also the powers and uses of the diſ-
come a monk. ” The incident affords a curious ferent articles of food, as is set forth in the chapter
illustration of the apathy which was cherished as a of contents. In the second is explained the whole
prime monastic virtue ; and offers an instance of doctrine of fevers, an account of certain matters
what was probably in that day still rarer, monastic relating to them being premised, such as excre-
swearing. A journey of eight days brought him to mentitious discharges, critical days, and other
the cell of St. Antony (Antonius, No. 4), then in appearances, and concluding with certain symptoms
the zenith of his reputation. " What do you want? " wbich are the concomitants of fever. The third
said the saint. “To be made a monk," was Paul's book relates to topical affections, beginning from
answer. " Monks are not made of old men of the crown of the head, and descending down to
sixty," was the caustic rejoinder. But the perti- the nails of the feet. The fourth book treats of
nacity of Paul overcame the opposition of Antony, those complaints which are external and exposed
and sustained him through the ordeal of the stern to view, and are not limited to one part of the
discipline by wbich Antony hoped to weary him. body, but affect various parts. Also, of intestinal
## p. 153 (#169) ############################################
PAULUS.
163
PAULUS.
stilah! Al-kavátelí, or “ the Accoucheur. "
kascaleli, القوابلي
worms and dracunculi. The fifth treats of the book has also been translated into French by Pierre
wounds and bites of venomous animals ; also of the Tolet, Lyons, 1539, 12mo. The whole work has
distemper called hydrophobia, and of persons bitten been translated into English by Francis Adams, of
by dogs which are mad, and by those which are Banchory Teman, near Aberdeen, with a very
not mad; and also of persons bitten by men. copious and learned commentary, intended to fur-
Afterwards it treats of deleterious substances, nish “a complete manual of the Surgery and
and of the preservatives from them. In the Medicine of the Ancients, with a brief but com-
sixth book is contained every thing relating to prehensive outline of the sciences intimately con-
surgery, both what relates to the fleshy parts, such nected with them, especially Physiology, the
as the extraction of weapons, and to the bones, Materia Medica, and Pharmacy. " The first volumo
which comprehends fractures and dislocations. In was published at London, 8vo, 1834, but this
the seventh is contained an account of the pro- edition was never finished; of the second and
perties of all medicines, first of the simple, then of improved edition, the first volume appeared in
ihe compound, particularly of those which I had 1044, the second in 1846, and the third and last
mentioned in the preceding six books, and more is expected to appear in the course of the present
especially the greater, and, as it were, celebrated year, 1847, London, 8vo,“ printed for the Syden-
preparations ; for I did not think it proper to ham Society. “ (Choulant, llundb. der Bücherkunde
treat of all these articles promiscuously, lest it für die Acltere Medicin. ) (W. A. G. )
should occasion confusion, but so that any person PAULUS, A EMI'LIUS. The annexed stemma
looking for one or more of the distinguished prepa- exhibits all the persons of this name descended
rations might easily find it. Towards the end are from the consul of B. C. 302. The only two sons
certain things connected with the composition of that Paul Macedonicus left were adopted into
medicines, and of those articles which may be sub- other gentes, and the family. name in consequence
stituted for one another, the whole concluding with perished with him. It was, however, revived at a
an account of weights and measures. " (Adams's later period in the family of the Lepidi, who be-
Translation. ) Of these books the sixth is the most longed to the same gens, and was first borne by
valuable and interesting, and contains at the same L. Aemilius Paulus, the brother of the triumvir ;
time the most original matter. His reputation but as this Aemilius and his descendants belonged
among the Arabians seems to have been very great, to the family of the Lepidi, and not to that of the
and it is said that he was especially consulted Pauli, they are inserted under the former head.
by midwives, whence he received the name of (LEPIDUS, Nos. 16, 19, 22. )
1. M. AEMILIUS L. F. PAULUS, consul B. C. 302
with M. Livius Denter, defeated near Thuriae the
(Abú-l- Faraj, l. c. ) He is said by the Arabic Lacedemonian Cleonymus, who was ravaging the
authorities to have written a work, “ De Muli-
coast of Italy with a Greek fleet. In the follow-
erum Morbis," and another, “ De Puerulorum ing year, B. c. 301, in which year there were no
Vivendi Ratione atque Curatione. "
consuls, Paulus was magister equitum to the dio-
work *
was translated into Arabic by Honain Ibn tator Q. Fabius Maximus Rullianus. While the
Ishak, commonly called Joannitius. (See J. G. dictator went to Rome for the purpose of renewing
Wenrich, De Auctor. Graecor. Version. et Comment. the auspices, Aemilius was defeated in battle by
Syriac. Arub. Armen. et Pers. , Lips. 8vo. 1842. ) the Etruscans. (Liv. x. 1-3. )
An account of the medical opinions of Paulus
2. M. Aemilius M. f. L. N. PAULUS, son of
Aegineta may be found in 'Haller's Biblioth. the preceding, was consul B. c. 255 with Ser. Ful-
Chirurg. vol. i. , and Biblioth. Medic. Pract. vol. i. ;
vius Paetinus Nobilior, about the middle of the
first Punic war.
in Sprengel's Hist. de la Méd. vol. ii. ; and espe.
The history of the expedition of
cially in Freind's Hist. of Physic, vol. i. The these consuls to Africa, and of their shipwreck on
Greek text has been twice published, Venet. 15:28, their return, is given under Nobilior, No. 1.
fol, and Basil. 1538, fol. There are three Latin
3. L. AEMILIUS M. F. M. N. PAULUS, son of
translations, which were published altogether nearly No. 2, was consul the first time, B. c. 219, with
twenty times in the sixteenth century : 1. that by M. Livius Salinator. He was sent against the
Albanus Torinus, Basil. 1532, fol. ; 2. that by Illyrians, who had risen again in arms under De-
J. Guinterius Andernacus, Paris. 1532, fol. ; and 3. metrius of the island of Pharos in the Adriatic.
that by Janus Cornarius, Basil. 1556, fol. , which Paulus conquered him without any difficulty: he
last translation is inserted by H. Stephens in his took Pharos, reduced the strong holds of Demetrius,
“ Medicae Artis Principes, Paris, 1567, fol. and compelled the latter to fly for refuge to Philip,
For these services Paulus
Separate editions have appeared in Latin of the first, king of Macedonia
second, sixth, and seventh books ; and the sixth obtained a triumph on his return to Rome ; but
he was notwithstanding brought to trial along
This work is said by Abu-l-Faraj (l. c. ) to
with his colleague M. Livius Salinator, on the
have consisted of nine books, a statement which is plea that they had not fairly divided the booty
Salinator was condemned,
explained by Fabricius and others, by supposing among the soldiers,
that the seventh book, and either the third or
and Paulus escaped with difficulty. (Polyb. iii.
sixth, which are longer than the others, were di- 16—19, iv. 37 ; Appian, Ilyr. 8; Zonar. viii. 20;
vided by the Arabians into two ; but perhaps a
Liv. xxii. 35. ) (DEMETRIUS, pp. 965, b. , 966, a. ]
more natural way of accounting for the statement
In B. C. 216 Aemilius Paulus was consul a
second time with C. Terentius Varro. This was
is to consider Emai " nine” a mere clerical the year of the memorable defeat at Cannae. [HAN-
NIBAL, p. 336. ] The battle was fought against
error for
“seren,” the two words being the advice of Paulus ; and he was one of the many
(with the exception of the diacritical points) almost distinguished Romans who perished in the engage
exactly alike.
ment, refusing to fly from the field, when a tribuno
His great
سبع
1
## p. 154 (#170) ############################################
154
PAULUS
PAULUS.
STEMMA AEMILIORUM PAULORUM.
1. M. Aemilius Paulus,
cos. B. C. 302.
1
2. M. Aemilius Paulus,
cos. B. c. 255.
3. L. Aemilius Paulus,
cos. B. C. 219, 216.
Fell at Cannae.
4. L. Aensilius Paulus Macedonicus,
cos. B. C. 182, 168. Died B. c.
160.
entitled of após Labelavov 16you, Ad Sabianum by Ducange, from a transcript belonging to Sal-
Libri, and some fragments of his are cited in the masius, from a MS. in the Palatine Library. Du-
Concilia (vol. iii. p. 338, ed. Labbe). Vincentius cange corrected the text of the MS. , supplied the
Lirinensis, in his Commonitorium, states that the smaller lacunae, and added a valuable preface and
writings of Paul abounded in quotations from the Latin version, and a Descriptio Ecclesiae S. Sophiae,
Scriptures both of the 0. T. and N. T. (Euseb. I. by way of commentary. With this illustrative ap
cc. ; Athanas. loc. and Ad Episcopos Aegypt. et paratus, the work was published in the Paris
Lybiae, c. 4, De Synodis, c. 4. $ 43, Contra Apol edition of the Corpus Historiae Byzantinae, sub
linar. lib. ii. c. 3 ; Epiphan. Haeres. Ixv. ; Augustin. joined to the Historia of Cinnamus, fol. Paris, 1670 ;
De Haeresibus, c. 44 ; Theodoret. Haeret. Fubul. and was reprinted in the Venetian edition of the
Compend, lib. ii. c. 8,11; Philastrius, llaeresis, Ixv. ; Corpus Historiae Byzantinae, with the works of
Suidas, s. o. Ilavaos; Concilia, vol. i. p. 843, &c. Anna Comnena and Cinnainus, fol. 1729. It was
ed. Labbe, p. 1031, &c. ed. Mansi ; Cave, Hist. again published, with the text revised by Bekker,
Litt. ad ann. 260, vol. i. p. 135 ; Le Quien, Oriens in the 'Bonn edition of the Byzantine historians,
а
the answer to them, to the letter of
annot have been addressed to bis.
y can be regarded as really addressed
is one else will depend on the decor
in of the letter itself. Notwithstand
al of Dionrsius to attend, a ecard
8. D. 264 or 265)
, over which Finans
of the Cappadocian Caesareia
, ed
ost eminent prelates of his das
, pirt
gory Thaumaturgus and his bro:ber
(GREGORIUS THAUMATURGUS} were
milian condemned the opinions held
d to Paul (between whom and his po
h dialectic fencing took place)
, bet
explanation or promise of retractabit
pul, and prevailed on the cocrc!
its judgment (Euseb. H. E. r. 1. 3
owever, Paul, after the council hindi
continued to inculcate his obzorious
fecond council was summoned, I gipe
decision. Firmilian died at Tassa
to attend it; and Helenus of Tarse
L4
## p. 152 (#168) ############################################
152
PAULUS.
PAULUS.
8vo. 1837. In this last edition, beside the De- | The assiduity of Paul in the exercises of an
scriptio of Ducange, there is given a De Aede ascetic life was rewarded, according to his cre-
Sophiana Commentarius of Bandurius, written by dulous biographer Palladius, with miraculous gifts,
him as a commentary on the fourth book of an and " he surpassed even his master in vexing the
anonymous work, De Antiquitatibus CPolitanis, daemons, and putting them to flight" (Sozomen).
with plans and elevations of the building. The The date of Paul's retirement, and the time of his
work of Paulus was also published by Graefe, death, are not known ; but an anecdote recorded
Hvo. Leipzig, 1822. 2. Expoagis Toù đubwvos, in the Eccles. Graec. Monumenta of Cotelerius (vol.
Descriptio Ambonis, consisting of 304 verses, of i. p. 351) shows that he was living at the accession
which the first twenty nine are iambic, the rest of the emperor Constantius II. , A. D. 337. (Pal-
hexameter. This poem is in fact a second part of the ladius, Hist. Lausiac. c. 28, in the Billioth. Patrum,
former, and, as the title informs us, was read after fol. Paris, 1654, vol. xiii. p. 941 ; Sozomen, H. E.
the first. It was not given by Ducange, or in the i. 13 ; Tillemont, Mémoires, vol. vii. p. 144, &c. )
Venetian reprint. It was published by Graefe, 20. Sophista. (No. 22. ]
and in the Bonn edition of the Byzantine writers, 21. SOPHISTA. the Sophist, of Lycopolis in
suhjoined to the foriner work, with some various Egypt, son of Besarion or Didymus, lived in the
readings, but without any preface, version, or notes. reign of the emperor Constantine, and wrote a
3. A number of Epigrammata, eighty-three in all, work now lost, described by Suidas as 'Tróurica
given in the Anthologiu (vol. iii. p. 71, &c. ed. Commentarius. (Suidas, s. e. Naùaos AirúrTiOs. )
Brunck, vol. iv. p. 41, &c. ed. Jacobs). Among 22. Of TYRE, a sophist or rhetorician of the time
these is a poem, Eis tà èv Dubious Sépua, De of Hadrian. He was deputed, apparently by his
Thermis Pythiis, improperly inserted by the first countrymen, as their delegate to the emiperor, and
editors of the Anthologia, and was entitled in succeeded in obtaining for Tyre the rank of a me-
their edition, 'Huiauba siuetpa após Toy Ba- tropolis. He wrote the following works enume-
σιλέα τον Κωνσταντίνον τον Πορφυρογένητον, rated by Suidas, but all now lost. I. Tέχνη ρητο-
Semiiambi ad Imperatorem Constantinum Porphy- porń, Ars Rhetorica. 2. Ipoyvuvdouata, Progym-
rogenitum. This title led Fabricius and others to nasmata. 3. Menétai, Declamationes. (Suidas,
the conclusion that it was written by a younger s. r. ; Eudocia, 'lwvid, s. v. ; Fabric. Bibl. Graec.
Paul. But the title is omitted in some MSS. , and vol. vi. p. 135 ; Tillemont, Hist. des Empereurs,
there is reason to believe that it is erroneous, and vol. ii. p. 278. )
(J. C. M. )
that the poem is the production of the Paul of Jus- PAULUS AEGINETA (Παύλος Αίγινήτης),
tinian's time. (Ducange, Praef. in Paul. Silentiar. ; a celebrated Greek medical writer, of whose per-
Jacobs, Catalogus Poetarum Epigrammaticorum, sonal history nothing is known except that he was
subjoined to the Anthologia ; Vossius, De Historicis born in the island of Aegina, and that he travelled
Graecis, l. c. ; Oudin, Commentar, de Scriptoribus a good deal, visiting, among other places, Aler.
Eccles. vol. i. col. 1439 ; Fabric. Biblioth. Graec. andria (iv. 49, p. 526). He is sometimes called
vol. iv. p. 487, vol. vii. p. 581. )
'lat pooo LOTTS (see Dict. of Ant. s. e. ) and Tepio-
19. Simplex, the SIMPLE (ở đTrous), so called deutńs, a word which probably means a physician
on account of the child-like simplicity of his character. who travelled from place to place in the exercise
He was a countryman, with a wife and family, who, of his profession. The exact time when he lived
at sixty years of age, embraced a life of religious is not known ; but, as he quotes Alexander Tral-
solitude, in which he attained great eminence. His lianus (iii. 28, 78, pp. 447, 495, vii. 5, 11, 19,
native country appears to have been Egypt, but the pp. 650, 660, 687), and is himself quoted by
place of his residence is not described. His retire-Yahya Ibn Serábí or Serapion (Pract. vii. 9, pp.
ment into the desert was occasioned by his sur- 73, 74, ed. Lugd. 1525), it is probable that Abú-
prising his wife, who was exceedingly beautiful, and 1- Faraj is correct in placing him in the latter half
must have been much younger than himself, in the of the seventh century after Christ. (Hist. Dynast.
act of adultery with a paramour with whom she p. 114. ) Suidas says he wrote several medical
appears to have long carried on a criminal inter-works, of which the principal one is still extant,
course. Abandoning to the care of the adulterer, with no exact title, but commonly called “ De Re
not only his guilty wife, but also his innocent Medica Libri Septem. " This work is chiefly a
children, according to Palladius and Socrates, he compilation from former writers; and the preface
took his departure, after having, “ with a placid contains the following summary of the contents of
smile” (nipena eriyendoai), or " a decorous smile" each book:—“In the first book you will find
(yendoas oeuvov), said to the adulterer, "Well, every thing that relates to hygiene, and to the
well ; truly it matters not to me. By Jesus! I preservation from, and correction of, distempers
will not take her again. Go ; you have her and peculiar to the various ages, seasons, temperaments,
her children ; for I am going away, and shall be and so forth ; also the powers and uses of the diſ-
come a monk. ” The incident affords a curious ferent articles of food, as is set forth in the chapter
illustration of the apathy which was cherished as a of contents. In the second is explained the whole
prime monastic virtue ; and offers an instance of doctrine of fevers, an account of certain matters
what was probably in that day still rarer, monastic relating to them being premised, such as excre-
swearing. A journey of eight days brought him to mentitious discharges, critical days, and other
the cell of St. Antony (Antonius, No. 4), then in appearances, and concluding with certain symptoms
the zenith of his reputation. " What do you want? " wbich are the concomitants of fever. The third
said the saint. “To be made a monk," was Paul's book relates to topical affections, beginning from
answer. " Monks are not made of old men of the crown of the head, and descending down to
sixty," was the caustic rejoinder. But the perti- the nails of the feet. The fourth book treats of
nacity of Paul overcame the opposition of Antony, those complaints which are external and exposed
and sustained him through the ordeal of the stern to view, and are not limited to one part of the
discipline by wbich Antony hoped to weary him. body, but affect various parts. Also, of intestinal
## p. 153 (#169) ############################################
PAULUS.
163
PAULUS.
stilah! Al-kavátelí, or “ the Accoucheur. "
kascaleli, القوابلي
worms and dracunculi. The fifth treats of the book has also been translated into French by Pierre
wounds and bites of venomous animals ; also of the Tolet, Lyons, 1539, 12mo. The whole work has
distemper called hydrophobia, and of persons bitten been translated into English by Francis Adams, of
by dogs which are mad, and by those which are Banchory Teman, near Aberdeen, with a very
not mad; and also of persons bitten by men. copious and learned commentary, intended to fur-
Afterwards it treats of deleterious substances, nish “a complete manual of the Surgery and
and of the preservatives from them. In the Medicine of the Ancients, with a brief but com-
sixth book is contained every thing relating to prehensive outline of the sciences intimately con-
surgery, both what relates to the fleshy parts, such nected with them, especially Physiology, the
as the extraction of weapons, and to the bones, Materia Medica, and Pharmacy. " The first volumo
which comprehends fractures and dislocations. In was published at London, 8vo, 1834, but this
the seventh is contained an account of the pro- edition was never finished; of the second and
perties of all medicines, first of the simple, then of improved edition, the first volume appeared in
ihe compound, particularly of those which I had 1044, the second in 1846, and the third and last
mentioned in the preceding six books, and more is expected to appear in the course of the present
especially the greater, and, as it were, celebrated year, 1847, London, 8vo,“ printed for the Syden-
preparations ; for I did not think it proper to ham Society. “ (Choulant, llundb. der Bücherkunde
treat of all these articles promiscuously, lest it für die Acltere Medicin. ) (W. A. G. )
should occasion confusion, but so that any person PAULUS, A EMI'LIUS. The annexed stemma
looking for one or more of the distinguished prepa- exhibits all the persons of this name descended
rations might easily find it. Towards the end are from the consul of B. C. 302. The only two sons
certain things connected with the composition of that Paul Macedonicus left were adopted into
medicines, and of those articles which may be sub- other gentes, and the family. name in consequence
stituted for one another, the whole concluding with perished with him. It was, however, revived at a
an account of weights and measures. " (Adams's later period in the family of the Lepidi, who be-
Translation. ) Of these books the sixth is the most longed to the same gens, and was first borne by
valuable and interesting, and contains at the same L. Aemilius Paulus, the brother of the triumvir ;
time the most original matter. His reputation but as this Aemilius and his descendants belonged
among the Arabians seems to have been very great, to the family of the Lepidi, and not to that of the
and it is said that he was especially consulted Pauli, they are inserted under the former head.
by midwives, whence he received the name of (LEPIDUS, Nos. 16, 19, 22. )
1. M. AEMILIUS L. F. PAULUS, consul B. C. 302
with M. Livius Denter, defeated near Thuriae the
(Abú-l- Faraj, l. c. ) He is said by the Arabic Lacedemonian Cleonymus, who was ravaging the
authorities to have written a work, “ De Muli-
coast of Italy with a Greek fleet. In the follow-
erum Morbis," and another, “ De Puerulorum ing year, B. c. 301, in which year there were no
Vivendi Ratione atque Curatione. "
consuls, Paulus was magister equitum to the dio-
work *
was translated into Arabic by Honain Ibn tator Q. Fabius Maximus Rullianus. While the
Ishak, commonly called Joannitius. (See J. G. dictator went to Rome for the purpose of renewing
Wenrich, De Auctor. Graecor. Version. et Comment. the auspices, Aemilius was defeated in battle by
Syriac. Arub. Armen. et Pers. , Lips. 8vo. 1842. ) the Etruscans. (Liv. x. 1-3. )
An account of the medical opinions of Paulus
2. M. Aemilius M. f. L. N. PAULUS, son of
Aegineta may be found in 'Haller's Biblioth. the preceding, was consul B. c. 255 with Ser. Ful-
Chirurg. vol. i. , and Biblioth. Medic. Pract. vol. i. ;
vius Paetinus Nobilior, about the middle of the
first Punic war.
in Sprengel's Hist. de la Méd. vol. ii. ; and espe.
The history of the expedition of
cially in Freind's Hist. of Physic, vol. i. The these consuls to Africa, and of their shipwreck on
Greek text has been twice published, Venet. 15:28, their return, is given under Nobilior, No. 1.
fol, and Basil. 1538, fol. There are three Latin
3. L. AEMILIUS M. F. M. N. PAULUS, son of
translations, which were published altogether nearly No. 2, was consul the first time, B. c. 219, with
twenty times in the sixteenth century : 1. that by M. Livius Salinator. He was sent against the
Albanus Torinus, Basil. 1532, fol. ; 2. that by Illyrians, who had risen again in arms under De-
J. Guinterius Andernacus, Paris. 1532, fol. ; and 3. metrius of the island of Pharos in the Adriatic.
that by Janus Cornarius, Basil. 1556, fol. , which Paulus conquered him without any difficulty: he
last translation is inserted by H. Stephens in his took Pharos, reduced the strong holds of Demetrius,
“ Medicae Artis Principes, Paris, 1567, fol. and compelled the latter to fly for refuge to Philip,
For these services Paulus
Separate editions have appeared in Latin of the first, king of Macedonia
second, sixth, and seventh books ; and the sixth obtained a triumph on his return to Rome ; but
he was notwithstanding brought to trial along
This work is said by Abu-l-Faraj (l. c. ) to
with his colleague M. Livius Salinator, on the
have consisted of nine books, a statement which is plea that they had not fairly divided the booty
Salinator was condemned,
explained by Fabricius and others, by supposing among the soldiers,
that the seventh book, and either the third or
and Paulus escaped with difficulty. (Polyb. iii.
sixth, which are longer than the others, were di- 16—19, iv. 37 ; Appian, Ilyr. 8; Zonar. viii. 20;
vided by the Arabians into two ; but perhaps a
Liv. xxii. 35. ) (DEMETRIUS, pp. 965, b. , 966, a. ]
more natural way of accounting for the statement
In B. C. 216 Aemilius Paulus was consul a
second time with C. Terentius Varro. This was
is to consider Emai " nine” a mere clerical the year of the memorable defeat at Cannae. [HAN-
NIBAL, p. 336. ] The battle was fought against
error for
“seren,” the two words being the advice of Paulus ; and he was one of the many
(with the exception of the diacritical points) almost distinguished Romans who perished in the engage
exactly alike.
ment, refusing to fly from the field, when a tribuno
His great
سبع
1
## p. 154 (#170) ############################################
154
PAULUS
PAULUS.
STEMMA AEMILIORUM PAULORUM.
1. M. Aemilius Paulus,
cos. B. C. 302.
1
2. M. Aemilius Paulus,
cos. B. c. 255.
3. L. Aemilius Paulus,
cos. B. C. 219, 216.
Fell at Cannae.
4. L. Aensilius Paulus Macedonicus,
cos. B. C. 182, 168. Died B. c.
160.
