No More Learning

940 950, Ceal Cashel, the Eugenian race, celebrated warrior,
Steward's Topography, now called Knock Aine the county
of Limerick.
various parts sea-ports
In the ninth and tenth centuries the Danes overran Ireland, and made settlements, particularly the
the middle lachan, king
defeated many battles, one which, described O'Halloran fought place called Sainangeal, now Singland, near Limerick, the Danes were defeated with dreadful slaughter, their chief com
mander, Aulaf, having his skull cloven through his helmet
great victories, particularly the battle Sulchaid, near Limerick, fought 959, which more than 2,000 the foreigners were
great bravery
Tributes, from the word Boroimhe, which signifies tribute
this battle. Mahon having beenslain one Thomond, named Donovan, was succeeded king
965, his brother Brian, afterwards known the celebrated Brian Boroimhe. According O'Halloran, Mac Curtin, and others, was called Brian Boroimhe, Brian the
Irish chiefs Munster,
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148 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1365.
A. D. 1365. Roderick, son of Donal O’Neill, was slain with Patrick O’Congaile, parson and erenach of the cast of a javelin, by Malachy, son of Anghir
Ross Airthir (Rossory in Fermanagh), died.
a town so called near Killaloe, in the county of Clare, adjoining which he had his palace of Ceann Coradh. Brian, while king of Munster, for a period of more than thirty years, carried on inces sant war with the Danes, whom he defeated, according to some accounts, in forty battles, chiefly fought in Munster and Leinster, and having attained greater power than any of the Irish kings, he marched his victorious forcesthrough parts Ireland, reducing
Mac Cathmaoil (of Tyrone. )
Rights the library Sir William Betham, with full trans
subjection the provincial kings and chiefs, and obtaining hos
tages from them; and finally, 1002, deposed the monarch,
Malachy II. , and assumed the sovereignty Ireland, thus setting
aside the Hy Niall kings the race Heremon, who had exclu
sively ruled monarchs Ireland for period six hundred
years. Brian, having ruled monarch Ireland for twelve Munster, the Dalcassian clans Thomond being the only people
years, fought the great battle Clontarf, which
feated the Danes, Good Friday, the 23rd April, but after the victory was himself slain, unawares,
totally de i014,
his tent,
who had the privilege exemption from all tributes. Together with the above contributions, Brian, when conquered the Danes,
gave them permission reside some the chief cities Leins ter and Munster, for purposes commerce, but for such permis
sion compelled the Danes Limerick deliver him annually 365 pipes red wine, and levied 150 pipes wine the Danes Dublin.
The O’Briens took their name from Brian Boru, and the follow
ing account his successors, the O'Briens, kings Munster and
Thomond, have been collected from the Four Masters; from the histories O'Halloran, Mac Geoghegan, &c. ; from Ware, and va
rious other sources: Donogh O'Brien, the son Brian Boru,
Brodar, Danish chief. Brian, the time his death, was the 88th year his age, and his body was conveyed Armagh,
St. Patrick's cathedral, with great honours and so Brian represented our old annalists man
and buried
lemnity.
fine figure,
valour, and has beenalways justly celebrated one the greatest
large stature, great strength body, and undaunted
lation into English the translator
following tributes were paid Brian Boru,
cora, annually, the first day November:
800 cows and 800 hogs. From Tirconnell
and 500 cloaks mantles. From Tir Eogain,
and 60 loads iron. From the Clanna Rory
these Annals. The his palace Kin From Connaught, Donegal, 500 cows, Tyrone, 60 hogs,
Ulster, 150 cows
and 150 hogs. From the people Orgiall, now the counties
Louth, Monaghan, and Armagh, 160 cows. From the province Leinster, 300 bullocks, 300 hogs, and 300 loads iron. From the people Ossory, beeves, hogs,and loads iron Besides these tributes had also large revenues from the two kingdoms
the Irish monarchs, equally conspicuous for his mental endow ments and physical energies; man great intellectual powers, sagacity, and bravery; warrior and legislator; and, the same time, distinguished for his munificence, piety, and patronage learned men; thus combining the elements great character, equally eminent the arts war and peace; hero and patriot whose memory will always remain famous one the foremost
the Irish kings wisdom and valour. Murchertach Mac Liag, chief bard, historian, and secretary Brian Boru, wrote his life,
and account his wars with the Danes, together with many beautiful poems his heroic actions. An account Mac Liag's works found, the year 1015, O'Reilly's Irish Writers,
and from these curious and valuable MSS. interesting life Brian Boru could compiled. the chronological poem the
kings Ireland, written the twelfth century Giolla Modula O'Cassidy, abbot Ardbraccan, and given the first volume
Munster, and was partly acknow He abdicated the throne Muns Rome, where died, the monas
O'Conor's Rerum Hib. Scriptores, the following verse Boru :—
“Fiach fairrgi, tuile tric
Brian breo Banbha blaith bric, Cen ciamhair, cen bed, cen brath,
Da bliadhain decca degh rath, Denmaircc Atha cliath na cclann
Dibherga Laochda Lochlann. ”
For twelve years deserved prosperity,
To Dublin (Clontarf) the clans woeful deeds Against the warring chiefs Lochlinn (Denmark). ”
Brian lived his palace Ceann Coradh, Kincora, which, according O'Halloran, was called Ball Borumha, signifying the habitation Boruma, style regal splendour and magnifi cence unequalled any the Irish kings since the days Cor mac, the celebrated monarch Ireland the third century, the glories whose palace Tara were for many ages the theme the Irish bards. The palace Kincora was situated the banks the Shannon, near Killaloe, the county Clare, and some exten sive earthen ramparts, shewing its site, remain this day. An
Donogh was Driella, daughter Godwin, earl Kent, and sister Harold, the last Saxon king England; and after Wil
liam the Conqueror had defeated and slain Harold, the battle Hastings, 1066, Edmond, Godwin, and Magnus, sons Ha
rold, retired Ireland, and resided the court their relative, Torlogh O'Brien, king Munster. Torlogh O'Brien, the nephew Donogh, and grandson Brian Boru, succeeded king Munster, and was also generally acknowledged monarch Ire land. He was prince great power and valour, and died his palace Kincora, 1086, the 77th year his age. His three sons, Teige, Murtogh, and Dermod, contended for the throne
Munster, but Murtogh O'Brien became last king Munster,
and had many contests for the monarchy Ireland with Donal Mac Loughlin, king Ulster, who, having marched Munster with powerful force, took and burned the ground the royal
Brian
varied fame, Free from sadness, free from grief, and free from stain,
palace
Kincora, 1088; but the year 1101 Murtogh powerful army into Ulster, and having proceeded Ballyshannon, and Inisowen, took the fortress the celebrated residence the kings Ulster, which he
“A raven
marched
Easroe,
Aileach,
totally demolished, retaliation for the destruction Kincora. Murtogh O'Brien was powerful prince, and one his daughters was married Sigurd, king the Hebrides and Isle Mann, and
the sea—a rapid torrent,
Was Brian the brave over Banba (Ireland)
account the revenues and tributes paid Brian given
Keating's Ireland, from the first volume Valancey's Collectanea, O'Conor, king Connaught, who, having collected powerful
translated from the ancient record called Leabhar g-Ceart,
the Book Rights, which gives account the tributes and re venues the Irish kings and princes. perfect copy the Book
force, marched Munster, joined the men Meath and those Leinster, under Dermod Mac Murrogh, king Leinster, and
also aided Dermod Mac Carthy, king Desmond. bloody
succeeded his father king
ledged monarch Ireland.
ter 1063, and retired
tery St. Stephen, the 88th year his age. The second wife
Magnus the celebrated king Norway; and said that his relatives, prince the O’Briens, was also king the Mann. 1095, Murtogh invaded Leinster, and having
son
one
Isle
expelled Godfrey Merenagh, the Danish king Dublin, became himself king Dublin and Fingal, and ruled over the greater part
Leinster, and appointed his son Donal governor Dublin. Murtogh O'Brien being deposed, D. 1116, retired the monas tery Lismore, where died, 1119. Dermod O’Brien, his brother, succeeded king Munster. Conor O'Brien, son Dermod, succeeded king Munster, 1120, and died Killaloe, 1142. Torlogh O'Brien, brother Conor, succeeded
king Munster; but Teige, son Dermod O'Brien, having
contended with him for the sovereignty, was assisted by Torlogh
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mirals the Isles Arran, the county Galway. modern times the O'Briens are marquesses Thomond, earls Inchiquin,
and barons Burren, the county Clare; and female branch the O'Briens had the title countesses the Orkneys, Scotland. Many the O'Briens have been distinguished com
manders the Irish Brigades the service France, under the titles of earls of Clare and counts of Thomond. The O'Briens are
ster, and there are many highly respectable families them, par
REIGN OF EDWARD III. 149
Felim, the hospitable, son of Donal O'Conor, hospitality and generosity; and Tomaltach, son lord of Corcomroe (in Clare), a man of unbounded Murcha O'Ferrall, died.
battle was fought at a place called Moin More, or the Great Bog, between Cork and the River Blackwater, A. D. 1151, in which 9000 of the Dalcassians were totally defeated; and, according to
the Four Masters, and the Book of Leacan, upwards of 7000 of them were slain, together with Murtogh, the son of Conor O'Brien, prince of Thomond, and heir presumptive to the throne of Munster; Lughad, the son of Donald O'Brien, and the following chiefs: Aneslis O'Grady, lord of Hy Caissin, and five others of the O'Gradys; Flaherty O'Dea, and eight other chiefs of the O'Deas; two of the O'Kennedys; nine chiefs of the O'Seanchans; upwards of twenty-four chiefs of the O'Hogans; five of the O'Neils, and many other chiefs. Torlogh O'Brien died A. D. 1167, and was succeeded by his son, Murtogh O'Brien, who was killed the follow ing year by Conor O’Brien, or, according to other accounts, by the people of Desmond, who, on account of his death, had to pay an eraic, or fine, of 3000 cows, as stated by O'Halloran. Donal O’Brien, brother of Murtogh, succeeded, and was king of Thomond at the period of the Anglo-Norman invasion.
they held their rank as kings and princes of Thomond, and are also styled kings of Limerick down to the reign of Henry VIII. , and
many celebrated chiefs of them are mentioned in the course of these Annals. The O'Briens in the twelfth century are thus desig nated in the topographical poem of O'Heerin:
“Airdrigh air Eirinn uile O’Briain bile na Boruimhe
O crich Caisil cead do chind Treabh os taisibh an tailginn. ”
the 10th for ever
earl
created baron Ibrackan, the county Clare; and
The O'Briens had long and fierce contests to maintain their in dependence against the Anglo-Norman and English settlers; but
marquesses Thomond, and the O'Briens Dromoland, the county Clare, which family are Sir Lucius O'Brien Dromo land, and his brother, William Smith O'Brien, M. P. for the county
Limerick, who are lineal descendants Brian Boru.
On Irish Surnames. —The meaning the terms, and Mac, Kinel, Clan, &c. , has been already explained. Surnames were
partially adopted various tribes early the ninth and tenth centuries, may seen the Four Masters, and other annalists;
but hereditary and permanent surnames were not established until the eleventh and twelfth centuries. Brian Boru made an ordinance that every family and clan should adopt particular surname, order preserve correctly the history and genealogy the diffe rent tribes, and his own descendants took from himself the name O'Briain, O'Brien. appears that surnames were not arbitra rily assumed, but each family clan were liberty adopt surname from some particular ancestor, and generally took their names from some chief their tribe, celebrated for his valour, wisdom, piety, some other great qualities, some prefixing Mac, which means son, and others Ua, O, which signifies of, grandson, descendant.
July, after divine service, publicly and solemnly swear renounce the name O'Brien, and use only the name
Thomond. Donogh O'Brien was, by King Henry VIII. ,
other branches the O'Briens were created viscounts Clare by
king Charles II. , and earls Clare by king James II. the
fourteenth and fifteenth centuries the O’Briens were lords and ad
ticularly Clare, Limerick, Tipperary.
the counties chief representatives
and
the O’Briens the present day are the
The
“High king of Erin, O'Brien, the stately tree
Boruime,
Over the country Cashel
permission ordained tribe protecting chiefs are the pious warriors. ”
The place inauguration the O'Briens kings and princes
Thomond, stated O'Brien's Dictionary, the word Bile, was Magh Adhair, plain the barony Tullagh, county
Clare, large tree there, the word Bile, Irish, signifying tree, hence the place was called Bile Magh Adhair. The battle cry the O'Briens was Lamh laidir an uachdar, the strong hand uppermost, and their armorial ensigns were three lions rampant, which were also on the standards Brian Boru, borne
the Dalcassians the battle Clontarf, stated O'Brien's Dictionary, under the word Concubar. The O'Briens had nume rous castles various parts the counties Clare and Limerick. There were, altogether, one hundred and seventy-two castles the county Clare, most which wereerected theO’Briens; fifty
them, said, were built the Mac Namaras, and twenty belonged the O'Loghlins. There were about one hundred cas tles the county Limerick, many them belonging the O'Briens, but several the castles Limerick and Clare were also erected the Fitzgeralds, Clares, and other Anglo-Nor man settlers. There are still be seen ruins and remains of
The Munster Milesians. —The following are the chief families Milesians Munster, and first will given the three branches the race Heber, namely, the Dalcassians, the Eugenians, and
about one hundred and fifty castles the counties Clare and
Limerick. 1543, Murrogh O'Brien, having dispossessed the O'Finnellans and O'Scullys, chiefs Teffia Westmeath,
the Clan Kian: The Dalcassians. The descent of the Dal cassians has been explained the preceding part this article, and they were located chiefly Thomond, the present counties
Clare and Limerick, and partly Tipperary. Of these were the O'Briens, Mac Namaras, Mac Mahons, Mac Donnells, Mac Emirys, O'Gradys, O'Kennedys, O'Deas, O'Heas, O'Quinns, O'He hirs, O'Heffernans, O'Hogans, O'Hurlys, O’Hartigans, O’Mo lonys, O'Spillans, Mac Graths, O'Sheehans, O'Seanchans, O'Seanachans, Mac Giollaiosacht, Lysaghts, O'Lonergans, O'Mearas, Mac Arthurains Mac Arthurs, O'Kearneys, O'Caseys, O'Considines, O'Brodys, Mac Bruodins, Mac Clancy's, Mac Cur tins, O'Hickeys, O'Healy's, O'Hanraghans, O'Cashins, O'Davo rans, O'Liddys, O'Tuomys, O’Nunans, O'Duhiggs, O'Aherns, O'Slatterrys, O'Naghtans O'Nortons, Mac Conroys, O'Heafes, and some other clans. The following were also of the Dalcassian race, namely, the Mac Coghlans, chiefs the King's county; and
nephew Donogh the principality Thomond, repaired whom account has beengiven the note Meath. II. The
England, and made submission king Henry VIII. , whom Eugenians, whose descent has been already described, were located
resigned his principality, and was created earl Thomond, and
|bar-
Elizabeth, stated Lodge, did, the year 1558, Sunday
chiefly Desmond, the present counties Cork and Kerry, but partly Limerick, Clare, and Tipperary. Of these were the Mac Carthys, princes O'Sullivans, O'Mahonys,
on
Inchiquin, the conditions being, stated Lodge's
age,
* that should forsake and name
utterly give
O'Brien, and claims which might pretend by the same,
Desmond the
O'Callaghans, O'Donohoes, O'Keeffes, O’Fogartys, Mac Gilli
king please give him; should
cuddys, Elligotts, MacAuliffes, Mac
Donaghs, Fineens, Mac
take such name the
old heirs, and the inhabitors lands, should use the English dress, manners, customs, and language; that should give the Irish dress, customs, and language, and keep kerns ". . ologlasses; and Conor O'Brien, earl Thomond the reign
and
Mac
O'Moryartys, O'Kerwics, O'Cuilleans, O'Finegans, O'Tracys,
O'Lechans, O'Flannerys, O'Meighans, and some other clans.
III. The Clan-Kian, whose descent has been already given, were located chiefly Ormond, the present county Tipperary, and the head this tribe were the O'Carrolls, princes Ely. The
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150 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1365.
The Clan Costello (of Mayo), made an attack mac O’Hara, and six of the chiefs of his tribe on the people of Lieney (in Sligo), in which Cor were slain.
other families were the O'Meaghers or O'Mahers, the Mac chiefs and clans, and the possessionsof each in ancient and modern Keoghs, O'Corcorans, O'Dulhunty, changed to Delahunty. The times.
O'Haras and O'Garas, lords of Lieny and Coolavin in Sligo ; and
the O'Conors, chiefs of Kianaght in Derry, of whom accounts have
been already given in the notes on North Connaught and Tir
Eogain, were also branches of the Clan-Kian of Munster. IV. The
Ithians, or Darinians, descended from Ith, son of Breogain and
uncle of Milesius, had several respectable chiefs and clans settled
in Munster, as the O’Driscoils, O'Learys, O'Baires, O'Hallinans,
O’Finns, O'Cowheys, O'Crowleys, O'Cormacs, and some others in
the county of Cork. The Mac Auleys, chiefs of Calry in West on Irish history and antiquities, with his usual liberality, always
meath ; the Mac Clancys, chiefs of Dartry in Leitrim ; and the O'Cuirnins of Leitrim, were also of the race of Ith. As stated in O'Flaherty's Ogygia, and the Dissertations of Charles O'Conor, the Campbells of Scotland, of whom were the dukes of Argyll, and several other noble families in that kingdom, were also of the race of Ith, descendedfrom Lughaidh Mac Con, who was monarch of Ireland in the third century; and according to O'Flaherty and
O'Halloran, the High Stewards or ancient earls of Lennox and
Mar in Scotland, were descended from the Heberians of Munster,
and hence they assisted Brian Boru at the battle of Clontarf.
V. The Clanna Deaga or Degadians also called Ermans, of whom
an account has been given in the preceding part of this article,
were celebrated chiefs in Munster, but originally descended from
the Heremonians of Ulster; and from the Clanna Deaga were
descended, as already shewn, the Dalriedans or Dalriedinians of
Ulster, who, in the third century, planted the Milesian colony in
Albany or North Britain, afterwards called Scotland, and from
whom were descended the Scottish kings and the House of Stuart.
Of the Clanna Deaga there were several families of note settled in
Munster, given by Keating, O'Flaherty, and O'Halloran, as the
O'Falvies of Kerry, hereditary admirals of Desmond; the O'Con
nells of Kerry, Limerick, and Clare; the O'Flynns, O'Sheas,
O’Cullenans, O’Fihellys, O'Donegans, O'Connings or Gunnings,
O'Cuires, and some other clans; also the O'Baiscins and O’Don
nels of Clare, as may be seen in vol. iii. pp. 397, 407, and
409 of O'Halloran's Ireland. VI. The Irians or Clanna Rory
of Ulster, also settled several families of note in Munster, as early
as the first and second centuries, descended from Fergus Mac
Roy, king of Ulster, of the race of Ir, and Meva the celebrated
queen of Connaught, daughter of Eochy Feidhlioch, monarch of
Ireland a short time before the Christian era, of whom were the
following, namely, the O'Conors, lords of Kerry; the O'Conors,
lords of Corcomroe in Clare; and the O'Loghlins, lords of Burren
in Clare ; and of the same race were also the O'Ferralls, lords of
Annaly or Longford; and the Mac Rannalls, lords of Muintir Eo the parish of Dysart, barony of Inchiquin, county of Clare. The
luis in Leitrim. From another branch of the Clanna Rory, descended
from the celebrated warrior Conall Cearnach, chief of the Red
Branch knights of Ulster a short time before the Christian era,
were the Mac Gennises, lords of Iveagh in the county of Down;
the O'Moores, princes of Leix in the Queen's county; the Mac
Cartans, Mac Dunlevys, Mac Gowans or Smiths, O'Garveys,
O'Carolans, and some other chiefs and clans in the county of Down
and other parts of Ulster. Of the Leinster Milesians of the race
of Heremon, were some chiefs and clans of note in Munster, as the
O'Felans, princes of Desies in Waterford; and the O’Brics, chiefs
in Waterford; the O'Dwyers and O'Ryans, chiefs in Tipperary; Muintir Ifernain, territory about Curofin the county Clare. and the O'Gormans, chiefs in Clare.
In the notes of the preceding numbers has been given the entire of O’Dugan's Topography, comprising Leath Cuin, or the ancient kingdoms of Meath, Ulster, and Connaught, with their chiefs and clans, and the territories possessed by each in ancient and modern times; and in the following numbers will be given the topography of O'Heerin, of which an account has been given in the introduction to this publication, as comprising the topography of Leath Mogha, or the kingdoms of Leinster and Munster, together with their chiefs and clans. In the present article on Thomond, will be given the topography of the ancient territories comprised in the present counties of Clare and Limerick, together with their
The O'Heffermans were the tribe who possessedthis territory over whom O'Quinn was chief. They are thus mentioned O'Heerin:
It may be observed here, that the topographies of O’Dugan and O'Heerin were transcribed by Peregrine O'Clery, one of the Four Masters, and by Duald Mac Firbis, oneof the learned historians of Leacan in Sligo, and from these two transcripts, the translator has made copies, and also had access to various other copies in the library of Sir William Betham, all of which he has accurately compared, to make the topography as perfect as possible, Sir William Betham having given free access to all his valuable MSS.
anxious to patronize and promote the interests of Irish literature. The following verses descriptive of Clare and the Dalcassian
clans have been translated from O’Heerin:—
I.
“Let us treat of the race of Cormac Cas,
Let us proceed across the Shannon of clear streams, From the tribe of Corc our course record,
To the tribe of Lure of brilliant deeds. (Corc and Lurc,
ancient kings of Thomond). II.
“The Deis Beag of the purple mantles Is an estate to the lawful tribes,
The heroes of Clare are proclaimed by us From the fairest lands of Erin.
“The Dalcassians of Clare's battalions,
Pure is their silver and abundant their property, Their gold by the furnace is purified,
The hospitable hosts have great affluence.
“Rich is each chief in his own territory,
Of the Dalcassians renowned in victories,
Men of great prosperity whom we thus place,
III.
IV.
[Shannon. ” They possessed the land eastward from Callan to the
I. O'Deadhaidh or O'Dea, chief of Triocha Uachtarach, called also Kinel Fearmaic and Diseart I Dhegha, or Dysart O'Dea, now
O'Deas are thus mentioned by O'Heerin:—
“With due respect we give the lead
To the high lands of Triocha Oughter, O'Dea is the inheritor of the country, Of the brown nut producing plains. ”
The O'Deas had several castles in this territory, of which some ruins still remain, and some chiefs of the O'Deas are mentioned in the course of these Annals. Cuinn O'Quinn, chief
“O Quinn chief
fruitful and purely fair, About Curofin the banquets. ”
The O'Quinns had also possessions Limerick, and are placed
the barony Kenry the ancient family Adare the county
the map Ortelius. At the present tim'. the O'Quinns have the title barons
Limerick and earls Dunrave”
Their land
the honest heart,
the bountiful O’Heffermans;
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REIGN OF EDWARD III.
Hugh Mac Dermott made an incursion into depredations, which plunders, however, were not Muintir Eoluis (in Leitrim) and committed great unavenged, for Cormac Mac Dermott Roe, the
III. O'Flaithri or O'Flattery, and O'Cathail or O'Cahil, chiefs of Fiondehoradh. They are thus designated by O'Heerin:—
“O'Flaithri who commands our praise, Possesses the land of Fionchora,
The country of O'Cahil to the east and west Is the smooth plain of the fields of yews. ”
IV. O'Maoilmeda, chief of Kinel m-Baith or Breintire, now Brentry, near Callan hill in the county of Clare. They are thus mentioned by O'Heerin:—
“Kinel Baith of the numerous tribe,
The noble chiefs of Brentire,
O'Mulmea of the bright fair plains,
Possessed the woods about delightful Einigh. ”
W. O'Haithchir or O'Hehirs, chiefs of Hy Flanchadha and Hy Cormac, districts in the barony of Islands, county of Clare, and, according to O'Halloran, of Callan, in the county of Clare. They are thus designated by O'Heerin:—
“Of the race of Eogan of Oirir Cliach
Are the Hy Cormac of the fine fair plain, To O'Hehir belongs the fertile country, The lord from whom great nobles sprung.
“Chiefs who were powerful in each house
Are of the noble clans of O'Hehir,
They rule over Hy Flancha of hospitable mansions, They are noble and well armed Fenian warriors.
VI. O’Duibhghinn or O'Duigin, chief of Muintir Conlochtaidh, a district in the parish of Tomgraney, in the barony of Tullagh, county of Clare, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin:—
“O’Duigan of the ruddy fair face
Rules over the mild Muinter Conlochta, A chief who gained his possessions
By force of his spears in battle. ”
VII. O'Grada, or O'Grady, chief of Kinel Donghuile, a large ter ritory comprising the present barony of Lower Tullagh, in the county of Clare, where they are placed on the Map of Ortelius. The O'Gradys also had large possessionsin the county of Limerick, according to O'Halloran, at Carn Feradaigh, now the parish of Knockaney, or Amey, in the barony of Small County, in the county of Limerick, where the O’Gradys had their castle at Kilballyowen, which place is at present the residence of The O'Grady, the head
maras have taken their name, as stated in O'Brien's dictionary at the word Cumara, from one of their ancient chiefs in the tenth century named Cumara, a descendant of Conall Eachluath, or Connell of the Swift Steeds, who was king of Munster in the fourth century. The word Cumara makes, in the genitive, Conmara, which signifies a warrior of the sea, this ancient chief probably having been a great naval commander. The Mac Namaras were chiefs of Triocha Cead Hy Caisin, which territory, according to O'Brien and O'Halloran, is now the barony of Tullagh, in the county of Clare; and, according to Mac Geoghegan, (p. 234), con tained also part of the barony of Bunratty. The Mac Namaras are also sometimes styled chiefs of Clan Cuileain, which was the tribe name of his family, derived from Cuilean, one of their chiefs in the eighth century. The Mac Namaras are thus designated by O'Heerin, and many chiefs of them are mentioned in the course of these Annals:
“Riogh thaoiseach na ruathar n-glan Mac Conmara o Mhuigh Adhair,
Criocha na sed thall a thir,
Ar Triocha Cead Clann Caisin.
“The princely chief of well fought battles Is Mac Namara from Moy Air,
The land of riches is his country,
It is the territory of Clan Caisin. ”
The Mac Namaras held the high and honourable office of hereditary marshals of Thomond, were very powerful, and had numerous castles; and there are at the present day some highly respectable families of the name in the county of Clare ; the head of which is Major William Nugent Mac Namara, of Doolin Castle, M. P. for the County of Clare.
Some of the Mac Namaras have been distinguished in the service of France, particularly John Mac Namara, who died A. D. 1747, and was, as stated by Mac Geoghegan, (p. 334), an admiral in the service of France, of the grand military order of St. Louis, and governor of the port of Rochefort. IX. O'Conchubhair or O'Conor, chief of Triocha Cead Fear n-Arda and of Corcamruadh, the ancient name of the barony of Corcomroe, in the county of Clare, also anciently called Crioch Cuirc or the territory of Corc, which got its name from Corc, prince of the race of Ir from Ulster, who settled there in the first century. The O'Conors were chiefs of this territory, and some of them are mentioned in the course of these Annals; they are thus designated by O'Heerin:-
“The territory of Fear Arda of the gold, Corcomroe of the hosts of flashing battalions,
O'Conor obtained the land,
The heights from delightful Conagh. ”
of this ancient and respectable family. The O'Gradys are thus de X. O'Lochlainn or O'Loghlin, chief of Boirinn, now the barony of
signated by O'Heerin, and several chiefs of then are mentioned in the courseof these Annals:
“Do ghabh O'Grada uile
Cenel duasbog Donghuile
A cuilg bunbuidhe bleachta Uird urlaidhe aoireachta. ”
“O'Grady took the entire lands
Of the profitable Kinel Dongally,
His swords were yellow-handled and keen, Powerful are the blows of his forces in battle. ”
There are several highly respectable families of the O'Gradys at the Present day in the counties of Clare and Limerick, and also in the
Sounty of Cork; and in modern times they were created viscounts Guillamore, that title having been conferred, in the year 1831, on the Right Hon. Standish O'Grady, chief baron of the Exchequer in Ireland. VIII. Mac Connara, or MacNamara. The Mac Na
Burren, county of Clare, which was sometimescalled Eastern Cor
comroe;
they are thus mentioned by O'Heerin —
“O'Loghlin, a hero commanding battalions,
Over the fertile watered plains of Burren,
And the lands of Corc which he holds by right, A country of cattle and abundant wealth.
Several chiefs of the O'Loghlins are mentioned in the course of these Annals; they were very powerful, had many castles, and held their rank as lords of Burren down to the reign of Elizabeth. As already stated in the present article, the O'Conors and O'Loghlins were of the same descent, namely, a branch of the Clanna Rory descended from the ancient kings of Ulster of the race of There are the present time somehighly respectable families the O'Loghlins the county
this ancient and distinguished family
son the late sir Michael O'Loghlin, Master the Rolls Ireland.
Clare, and the head Sir Colman O'Loghlin, very eminent lawyer, and
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152 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1365.
general Biatach' of Connaught, was slain, and Malachy Dall and Gilcreest, with many others
also the two sons of Tomaltach O’Beirne, namely,
XI. O’Conaill, or O'Connell, chief of Hy Cuilein, from Luachair Aille to Claenglais, according to O'Heerin. The commons of Claon glas are marked on the maps south-east of Abbeyfeale, in the barony of Upper Conello, on the verge of the county of Limerick, towards the river Feale, and the borders of Cork and Kerry. According to O'Brien, at the word Conal, and also O'Halloran, (vol. iii. p. 389,) the territory of the O'Connells was called
the people Muintir Eoluis, while pursuit
part the extensive possessions the O'Connells were confis cated; but there are still many very respectable families the O'Connells the counties Kerry and Clare; and this ancient family, the head the celebrated Daniel O'Connell, Darrynane Abbey, the county Kerry, who retains his pos session ancestral estates which never were forfeited during tenure
sixteen hundred years. XII. Mac Inderigh, Mac Aneiridhe, Hy Conaill Gabhra, and comprised the present baronies of Mac Eneiry, chief Corca Muiceadha, also called Conaill Uach
Upper and Lower Conello, in the county of Limerick, and got
its name from Comall Gabhra, one of its ancient chiefs, the ancestor
of the O'Connells. The O'Connells, chiefs of Hy Conall Gaura,
had also, according to O'Halloran, a district called Aos Greine, mer times, and their chief residencewas Castletown Mac Eneiry, extending from Knock Greine to near Limerick, and had their chief
residence at Castle Connell. At an early period, namely, in the twelfth century, as stated in O'Brien's Irish Dictionary, at the word Ibh Conail Gabhra, the O'Connells settled in Kerry, where they had a large territory extending from Sliabh Luachra, and the river Feale, to Claenglais, on the borders of their ancient possessions. According to O'Halloran, (vol. 407,) already stated this article, the O'Falvies, admirals Desmond; the O'Connells Kerry, O'Sheas, chiefs Muskerry, Cork, and several other chiefs, were descended from the Clanna Deaga, celebrated chiefs Munster, originally branch the Heremonians Ulster. Of the Clanna Deaga, was Conaire II. , monarch Ireland the beginning
the third century, who was married daughter his prede cessor, Con the Hundred Battles, monarch Ireland; whom had son, named Cairbre Riada, from whom were descended the
Dalriedians Ulster. This Cairbre Riada, about the middle the third century, settled the colony Dalriedians, that part North Britain called Albany, afterwards Scotland; and from this
where there are still some ruins large castle and monastery. Accounts the Mac Eneirys are found the third vol. O'Halloran's Ireland, pp. 390, 398; and O'Brien's Dictionary,
the words Concubar and Muiceadha, they are thus mentioned by O'Heerin:-
Muskerry, Cork, got name; and according Keating's Genealogies, the O'Falvies and other chiefs were his descendants; or, stated learned Essay ancient Ireland, John
O'Kenealys and O'Sheehans, are given by O'Halloran, vol. iii. 390; and O'Brien's Dictionary, the word Conal, chiefs the
O'Flaherty, Esq. , published Cork the year 1842, son
Cairbre Riada got large possessions South Munster, parts O'Maolmacasa, O'Mackessy, chief Corca Oiche; and
the present counties Cork and Kerry; and from him were descended the O'Connells Kerry; and according some MS. communications, also the O'Falvies and O'Sheas. the topo
O'Berga, chief Tuath Rossa, districts the county Limerick,
graphical poem O'Heerin, the O'Connells are thus designated:–
“OConaill catha Mumhan, Toirteamhuil antiomsughadh,
the twelfth century
are thus mentioned
“Corca Oiche The country
fair land
O'Heerin:-
the delightful woods,
white mantles and clear streams,
great fertility, O'Maolmackessy,
Fian cath-armach dual dreim, Sluagh cathadhnach g-Cuilein. ”
“O’Connell the battalions Munster, Mighty are his mustering forces,
Fenian armed warrior frequent the fight, Commands the battling hosts Hy Cuilein. ”
The O'Connells had large possessions Kerry, chiefly the barony Iveragh, and branches them were also settled the county Clare. From early period they were connected, by marriage alliances, with the O'Conors, the ancient lords Kerry.
governed
O'Berga the fair country took possessionof, The districts Hy Rossa rich portion. ”
the county Clare, who was general the king's guards, under James II. , was Aughrim and Charles O'Connell, his Clare, was colonel king James' service.
Brigade, France; and some them were distinguished com manders, amongst whom may mentioned Count Daniel O'Con nell, general the French service; others them were officers the Austrian service. Lieutenant-general sir Maurice O'Con nell, present commander the British forces New South Wales. After the Cromwellian wars, and the Revolution, great
Maurice O'Connell, brigade, and colonel
the battle Braintree,
XVIII. O’Donnobhain, O'Donovan, who given O'Brien of the word Cairbre, chief Cairbre Aodhbha, now the barony Kenry, the county Limerick, which stated O'Halloran, (vol. iii. p. 387), was the ancient territory O'Donovan, O'Cleircin,
killed brother, Several
:-
“Hereditary O'Donovan Dun Cuirc, =
his fortress land,
To him without tribute belongs Maghmoill,
And the level plains down the Shannon. ”
the O'Connells afterwards entered the Irish the service
and O'Flannery;
O'Donovan
thus designated by O'Heerin
tarach, the barony Upper Conello, the county Limerick. The Mac Eneirys were descended from Mahon, king Munster, brother Brian Boru, and were highly respectable family for
Eneiry the hero precious gems,
“Mac
Rules over Corca Muiceada the
mounds, noble Fenian who always flourished,
As doth the fair blossom the apple tree. ”
O’Billraidhe, chief Hy Conaill Gabhra, now the baronies Upper and Lower Conello, the county Limerick, thus
mentioned O'Heerin:—
“O'Billry the bestower cattle,
Was chief fertile Conall Gaura,
They were truly bountiful men the fair plains, The rich lands productive crops. ”
XIII.
colony were descended the Scottish kings, and the House
Stuart. From Cairbre Musc, brother Cairbre Riada, Muiserith, XIV. O'Cuilein, O’Cullen, some rendered Collins;
Conello, county Limerick. Some chiefs of the O'Cuileins are mentioned the course of these Annals. XV.
baronies
XVI. O'Maolchalloin, chief Caonraidhe, now the barony Kenry, county Limerick, thus mentioned by O'Heerin:–
“The Fenian chief Kenry delightful lands, Is O'Mulcallen of the numerous tribe. ”
XVII. O'Cleircinn and O'Flannabhra, O'Flannery, chiefs Dail Cairbre Aodhbha, territory the barony Kenry, the
county
Limerick, thus mentioned by O'Heerin:—
“The portion the delightful Dal Cairbre Eva, Of the princes Cashel white standards, Lasting his prosperity the country,
The brave and high chief O'Cleircinn. ”
this territory
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their property, and they also took prisoners Der
mod Mac Dermott and Maolrooney Mac Donogh Riabhach, after defeating their people.
There are several respectable families of the O'Donovans at the present day, in the county of Cork, where, it appears, they have been chiefly located in modern times. The O’Donovans of Limerick had their chief castle at Bruree. X1X. O'Ciarmaic, anglicised O’Kirwick, chief of Eoganacht Aine, called by O'Hal loran, Aine Cliach, now the parish of Knockaney, in the barony of Small County, county of Limerick. The O’Kirwicks are thus mentionedby O'Heerin:
“Eoganacht Aine of the wealthy lands, O'Kirwick is the mainstay of the territory,
A country inhabited by the most noble tribes, They are Hy Enda, Aine, and Auluim. ”
XX. O'Maolduin, or O'Muldoon, is also given as a chief of Eogan acht Aine, and thus mentioned by O'Heerin.
“The race of O'Maolduin from Dun Cais, Over Eoganacht Aine in due order,
A numeroustribe who proceededo'er the waves, The armed Fenian heroesfrom Aughrim. ”
X§XI. . O'Cinnfaolaidh, probably O'Kinealy, chief of Eoganacht Grian Gabhra, a district comprising parts of the baronies of
and Small County, in Limerick, and thus mentioned by erin:
“The Eoganacht of the fertile Grian Gaura, A land producing most delicious apples, A crown of female households in fame, Belongs to O'Kinsaola of the red arms. ”
XXII. O’Conuing, a name anglicised to Gunning, was chief of Crioch Saingil and Aosgreine, which territories are now com prised in the barony of Small County, in Limerick, according to Q'Brien, at the word Aos-Greine. Crioch Saingil, according to O'Halloran, (vol. iii. , p. 394), is called Single Land, and situated nearLimerick. The O'Cuinings arethus mentionedby O'Heerin:
“Aos Greine of the fine fair plains,
Was possessedby O'Cuining of Crioch Saingil, He cheerfully held the fair Grian,
From the noble race of Eogan. ”
XXIII. O’Caelaidh, or O'Cadhla, probably O’Keeley; and Q'Maille, or O'Malley, are given as chiefs of Tuath Luimnidh, or the district about Limerick. XXIV. O'Ceadfadha is given as chief
of Triocha-Cead-an Chalaidh, called Cala Luimne, that the port ferry Limerick. XXV. O'Haodha, O'Hea, chief
Bryan, son Matthew Mac Tiarnan, chief Tullyhunco (in Cavan), the most distinguished for prosperity, nobleness, good fame, and power,
nell's district mentioned by O'Halloran, under the name Darach, whom also calls O'Donnell. These chiefs are thus designatedby O'Heerin:
“The two Triocha Ceads we remember, The two delightful Corca Baiscins,
The Mac Donnells were its inheritors, The host who have shared the country.
Musgraidhe Luachra, territory lying Arlpatrick, the barony Coshlea,
thus designated O'Heerin:
between Kilmallock and
There are still some respectable families the Mac Mahons the county Clare, and some have changed the name Mahon,
and the chief representative this ancient family O'Gorman Mahon, formerly M. for Clare. XXVIII. O’Gormain, O'Gorman, given by O'Halloran, vol. iii. 402, chief Tullichrin, territory comprising parts the baronies Moyarta and Ibrackan, the county Clare, which they are placed
the map Ortelius. There are several respectablefamilies the O'Gormans the county Clare, the head which
present Assistant Barrister for the O'Diocholla and O'Maoleithigh, are the county Clare, and thus
“O’Diocholla's possessions inheritance, Are Corcomroe the intrepid battalions, Also O'Maoleithigh the hospitable,
Who maintained his hereditary rights. ”
XXX. O'Droighnean, O'Drennan, chief Slieve Eise Finn and x
“O’Hea,
Obtainedthe extensive Muscry
the bestower
cattle,
The tribe the fair land melodioussong, Dwelt along the great salmon stream. ”
Nicholas
county
given
mentioned by O'Heerin:
There are somerespectablefamilies the O'Heas
of Limerick andCork. XXVI. Mac Domhnaill,
naill, and O'Baiscind, chiefs Triocha Cead Corca Baiscind, which, according O'Halloran, now the barony Moyarta, the "ounty Clare. O'Maolcorcra given chief Bra Cain,now the barony Ibrackan; and another chief, O'Caolaidh, or O'Keeley. the poem two Corca Baiscins are mentioned, one which was the present barony Clonderlaw. Mac Don
the county
Luachra,
Limerick,
REIGN OF EDWARD III. 153
the counties Muinter Domh
“Another chief this land music, Noble the origin his descent, O’Baiskinn, stately root,
the tree from its
The tribe who marched with every force.
“The lord Ibrackan silken garments, chief who mustersmighty forces,
O'Maolcorcra prevailing fame,
Whose land extendsfrom both the bays.
“The two territories the entire Fochla,
Are possessed the valiant race Conary, Along the land Braonmoy 'tis true,
'He
Its lawful defender Let leave the race The princes Erna
XXVII. Mac Mathghamhna,
O'Keely.
Conary Battles,
the golden shields. ”
Mac Mahon. The Mac Mahons, appears, succeededthe above chiefs, lords Corca Baiscinn;
and possessed the greater part the baronies Moyarta and
Clonderlaw, the county Clare, which they are placed
the map Ortelius; and further account them may found O'Halloran, vol. iii. pp. 388, 390; and O'Brien's Dictionary, the words Baisginneach, Concubar, and Domhnal, where the
Mac Mahons and Mac Donnells are given branches the O'Briens, the posterity Brian Boru, and therefore, quite
Monaghan,
and the Mac Donnells, earls Antrim, who are
Clan Colla, explained the note Orgiall.
of the Mac Mahons of Thomond are mentioned
these Annals. There were this family, marquis Mac Mahon
different descent from the Mac Mahons, lords
and some other military commanders France and Spain, the last century, found Ferrar's History Limerick;
the name, the service whom accounts may
and the late sir William Ireland, and his brother,
Mac Mahon, Master the Rolls
General Mac Mahon, the British service, were this family.
Purcell O'Gorman, Kilkenny. XXIX. chiefs Corcomroe,
the race Several chiefs the course of
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154 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1365.
the chiefs Brefney, died. For him was Bryan, son Hugh Mac Mahon, having
composed the following—
“Bryan Mac Tiarnan the battles,
Whose hospitality was unbounded,
And his liberality unlimited
As his achievements were extensive. ”
assumed the lordship Orgiall (Monaghan), proposed marriage connection Sorley, son of Edin Duv Mac Donnell, heir presumptive the lordship the Hebrides, and high constable of the province Ulster, and prevailed him
XXXVI. O'Dinnahans O'Dinans, given O'Halloran, (p. 420,)
chiefs Uaithne, now the barony Owneybeg, Limerick.
Kinel Seudna, district the borders thus mentioned O'Heerin:
Clare and Galway,
district tioned
the barony O'Heerin:
the seventeenth century, and was orignally compiled by Abra hamOrtelius, Antwerp, thecelebratedgeographer king Philip II. Spain, and re-published with improvements by the learned Charles O'Conor, Belenagar. XXXVIII. The Mac Giollaio saghts, name anglicised Lysaghts, are placed
“The lands about the fair Slieve Eise,
Are possessedby the Clan Seudna melodious bards,
XXXVII. The O'Hallinans and Mac Sheehys, are given by O'Halloran, chiefs Ballyhallinan, the barony Pubble brien, county Limerick. The O'Hallorans, given by O'Hal loran, chiefs Faith-ui-Hallurain, district between Tulla and Clare, the county Clare. The following families note are given the map Ortelius, ancient authority often quoted, which gave the localities and territories possessed by the Irish chiefs and clans, the reign James the beginning
tribe who firmly support their clans, Chief their territory O'Drennan. ”
XXXI. O’Neill, chief
Tradraidhe,
thus men
Clan Dealbuidhe and Inchiquin, county Clare,
Fionnluaragh, Tradree came his fortress,
appears that these O'Neills Thomond were originally some the O'Neills Ulster, some whom, stated Ferrar's History Limerick, (pp. 258, 365), changed the name Nihell,
which name there were many respectable families the counties Limerick and Clare; and these was sir Balthazar Nihell,
Brigadier-general
colonel Nihell, Creaghs also,
the service the king Naples; and the Irish brigade, the French service. The whom there are still many highly respectable
Lower Conello. Several the Dalcassian chiefs and clans, not mentioned this article, are given the notes Ormond and Desmond, on the
Clan Dalvy the poets
“The land
Was ruled
The forces
The descendant the yellow-haired chiefs. ”
O'Neill chief
the map the barony
families the counties Clare, Cork, and Tipperary, were descended from the O'Neills Ulster, according Ferrar, some them having come Limerick, the tenth century, assist
the expulsion the Dames. Many them were valiant chiefs, and gained several victories over the Danes; and one occasion, having worn green boughs their helmets, they from this circum stance got the name O'Craoibh, which signifies, the branches, which name was anglicised Creagh. Of this family was Richard Creagh, Roman Catholic Archbishop Armagh, who
died A. D. 1585, eminent writer ecclesiastical history, and
the lives the Irish saints. The O'Creaghs are also given by
territories which they possessed.
the year 1180, king Henry II. granted the kingdom
O'Halloran, (vol. iii. 414), branch the O'Neills
Ulster. XXXII. O’Dobharchon O'Davoran, chief Muintir The O'Briens, and other chiefs, maintained for centuries fierce
Lidheagha, the O'Liddys, the tribe name this clan. The O'Davorans are placed the map Ortelius, the barony
Corcomroe, county Clare. They are thus mentioned O'Heerin -
“The O'Davorans the intelligent learned men, Chiefs the O’Liddys whom treat,
They belonged the clans Sinnill,
And are the supporters nobility. ”
The following chiefs and clans Thomond, not given by O'Heerin, are collected from other sources. XXXIII. The O'Moloneys,
according O'Halloran, (vol. iii. 387), were chiefs Cuilte nan, now the parish Kiltonanlea, the barony Tulla, county
contests with the Anglo-Norman and English settlers, defence
their national independence. The following were the chief families Anglo-Normans, and early English settlers, the
counties Limerick and Clare. The Burgos Burkes, Fitzgeralds, Fitzgibbons, branch the Fitzgeralds, the Clares, Lacies, Browns, Barretts, Roches, Russels, Sarsfields, Stritches,
Purcells, Husseys, Harolds, Tracys, Trants, Comyns, Whites, Walshes, Woulses, Dongans, Rices, Aylmers, Nashes, Monsells, Massys, &c.
The Fitzgeralds, earls Desmond, had vast possessions Lime
Clare, where they are also placed the map There are also, present, many respectable families the county, the head which James O’Molony
Ortelius. the name,
confiscated
following English families: the Annesleys, Barkleys, Billingsleys, Bourchiers, Carters, Courtenays, Fittons, Mannerings, Stroudes, Trenchards, Thorntons, and Uthereds. the reign George according Lodge's Peerage, Thomas, baron Southwell, brought over and settled his estates about Rathkeale, the county
Kiltan
non, Esq. XXXIV. The O'Kearneys, given O'Halloran, Limerick, colony about three thousand Germans, from Suabia
(vol. iii. 400), chiefs Abhuin Chearnaidh, O’Kear and the Palatinate the Rhine hence they were called Palatines.
ney's river, district about Six-Mile-Bridge, the baronies
Limerick was formed into county early the reign king Tulla and Bunratty, county Clare. XXXV. The O'Caseys, John, 1210. The Book Dinn Seanchus, written the
given chiefs Rathconan, the barony Pubblebrien, county Limerick, O'Halloran, (p. 400), who states, that the viscounts Perry, afterwards earls Limerick, possessedpart this estate,
right his great grandmother, who was the heiress O'Casey.
sixth century by Amergin, chief bard Dermod, monarch of Ire land, work which gives an account the origin the names remarkable places, fortresses, cities, mountains, lakes, rivers,
&c. Ireland. copy made from the Books Leacan and Bal
Ortelius, about Ennistymon; the Mac Considines,
the O'Daly's, the barony Burren
the barony Clonderlaw; the Mac Clancy's, Tulla; and the Mac Bruodins, the barony
Ibrackan Gillereaghs,
the barony
Inchiquin, all the county Clare. The following families are
placed the map, the county Limerick: the barony Pubblebrien; the O'Scanlans, Pubblebrien and the O'Mornys, the barony
the Mac Arthurs, the barony
rick, and the reign
the estates Gerald, the sixteenth earl Desmond, Elizabeth, about one hundred thousand acres were the county Limerick, and divided amongst the
Herbert Fitzherbert, but having resigned his
Limerick
claims,
Braosa.
thirteenth century, the Anglo-Normans penetrated into Thomond, and formed some settlements about Limerick, under William de Braosa and Williain de Burgo and the thirteenth century, king Henry III. , gave grant the whole kingdom Thomond,
O'Brien's country, Thomas de Clare, son the earl Gloucester; and the Fitzgeralds, Burkes, and other Anglo-Nor man families, also got large possessions Limerick and Clare.
was granted king John William and Philip the latter end the twelfth, and beginning of the
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2
REIGN OF EDWARD III.