CORNELIUS
DOLABELLA
MAXIMUS, was beries committed by them, but shared in their
consul in B.
consul in B.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - a
6.
§ 7.
) The captives were
they were to form a colonia libertinorum. (Liv. confined in a strong fort, but, during the expedi-
xlii. 28, 31, xliii. 2, 3. )
[L. S. ] tion of Antigonus against Eumenes, they con-
DI'VICO, a commander of the Helvetians in trived to overpower their guards, and make them-
the war against L. Cassius, in B. c. 107. Nearly selves masters of the fortress. Docimus, however,
fifty years later, B. C. 58, when J. Caesar was pre- having quitted the castle to carry on a negotiation
paring to attack the Helvetians, they sent an em- with Stratonice, the wife of Antigonus, was again
bassy to him, headed by the aged Divico, whose made prisoner. (Diod. xix. 16. ) He appears
courageous speech is recorded by Caesar. (B. G. i. after this to have entered the service of Antigonus,
13; comp. Oros. v. 15; Liv. Epit. 65. ) [L. S. ) as we find him in 313 B. C. sent by that prince
DIVITI'ACUS, an Aeduan noble, and brother with an army to establish the freedom of the
of Dumnorix, is mentioned by Cicero ( de Dir. i. 11) | Greek cities in Caria. (Diod. xix. 75 ; Droysen,
as belonging to the order of Druids, and professing Hellenismus, vol. i. p. 358. ). In the campaign pre-
much knowledge of the secrets of nature and of divi- ceding the battle of Ipsus, he held the strong for-
nation. He was a warm adherent of the Romans tress of Synnada in Phrygia in charge for Anti-
and of Caesar, who, in consideration of his earnest gonus, but was induced to surrender it into the
entreaties, pardoned the treason of Dumnorix in hands of Lysimachus. (Diod. xx. 107; Pau-
B. C. 58. In the same year he took the most pro- san. i. 8. 1. ) It is probable that he had been
minent part among the Gallic chiefs in requesting governor of the adjoining district for some time :
Caesar's aid against Ariovistus ( see p. 287); he had, and he had founded there the city called after him
some time before, gone even to Rome to ask the Docimeium. (Steph. Byz, s. 1'. Aokiuerov, Droy-
senate for their interference, but without success. sen, Hellenismus, vol. ii. p. 665; Eckhel, iii. p.
It was probably during this visit that he was the 151. ) His name is not mentioned after the fall
guest of Cicero (de Div. l. c. ). Throughout, Caesar of Antigonis.
[E. H. B. )
3 x
## p. 1058 (#1078) ##########################################
1058
DOLABELLA.
DOLABELLA.
DO'CIMUS or DOCI'MIUS. To a supposed aedile in B. c. 165, in which year he and his col.
Graeco-Roman jurist of this name has been some- league, Sex. Julius Caesar, had the Hecyra of Te-
times attributed the authorship of a legal work in rence performed at the festival of the Megalesia.
alphabetical order, called by Harmenopulus ($ 49) In B. c. 159 he was consul with M. Fulvius No
To uerpov katà Otoixeiov, and usually known by bilior. (Title of Terent. Hecyr. ; Suet. Vit. Te-
the name of Synopsis Minor. It is principally bor- rent. 5. )
rowed from a work of Michael Attaliata. A fragment 5. Cn. CORNELIUS DOLABELLA, a grandson of
of the work relating to the authority of the Leges No. 4, and a son of the Cn. Cornelius Dolabella
Rhodiae, was published by S. Schardius (Basel who was put to death in B. c. 100, together with
1561), at the end of the Naval Laws, and the the tribune Appuleius Saturninus. During the
same fragment appears in the collection of Leun- civil war between Marius and Sulla, Dolabella
clavius (J. G. R. ii. p. 472). Pardessus has pub- sided with the latter, and in B. C. 81, when Sulla
Jished some further fragments of the Synopsis was dictator, Dolabella was raised to the consul-
Minor (Collection de Lois Maritimes, i. pp. 164, ship, and afterwards received Macedonia for his
195—204), and Zachariae has given some ex- province. He there carried on a successful war
tracts from it (Ilist. Jur. G. R. p. 76); but the against the Thracians, for which he was rewarded
greater part of the work is still in manuscript. on his return with a triumph. In B. c. 77, how-
Bach conjectures that the compilation of the Rho- ever, young Julius Caesar charged him with having
dian laws themselves was made by Docimus been guilty of extortion in his province, but he
(Hist. Jur. Rom. lib. iv. c. 1, sect. 3. § 26, p. was acquitted. (Oros. v. 17; Plut. Sulla, 28,
630); but Zachariae is of opinion, that the only &c. ; Appian, B. C. i. 100; Suet. Caes. 4, 49,
reason for attributing to him the authorship of the 55; Vell. Pat. ii. 43; Aurel. Vict. de Vir.
Synopsis Minor was, that the manuscript of II. 78 ; Val. Max. viii. 9. § 3; Cic. in
Vienna, from which the fragment in Schardius Pison. 19, Brut. 92, de Leg. Agr. ii. 14 ; Tacit.
and Leunclavius was published, once belonged to de Orat. 34 ; Gellius, xv. 28 ; Ascon. in Scaur.
a person named Docimus.
[J. T. G. ] p. 29, in Cornel. p. 73, ed. Orelli. )
DODON (Awwwv), a son of Zeus by Europa, 6. CN. CORNELIUS DOLABELLA, was praetor
from whom the oracle of Dodona was believed to urbanus, in B. C. 81, when the cause of P. Quin-
have derived its name. (Steph. Byz. s. r. Awowvn. ) tius was tried. Cicero charges him with having
Other traditions traced the name to a nymph of the acted on that occasion unjustly and against all
name of Dodone.
(L. S. ) established usages. The year after he had Cilicia
DOLABELLA, sometimes written Dolobella, for his province, and C. Malleolus was his quaes-
the name of a family of the patrician Cornelia tor, and the notorious Verres his legate. Dola-
gens. (Ruhnken, ad Vell. Pat. ii. 43. )
bella not only tolerated the extortions and rob-
1. P.
CORNELIUS DOLABELLA MAXIMUS, was beries committed by them, but shared in their
consul in B. C. 283 with Cn. Domitius Calvinus, booty. He was especially indulgent towards
and in that year conquered the Senones, who had Verres, and, after Malleolus was murdered, he
defeated the praetor L. Caecilius, and murdered made Verres his proquaestor. After his return to
the Roman ambassadors. Owing to the loss of Rome, Dolabella was accused by M. Aemilius
the consular Fasti for that time we do not hear of Scaurus of extortion in his province, and on that
his triumph, though he undoubtedly celebrated his occasion Verres not only deserted his accomplice,
victory by a triumph. In B. c. 279 he, together but furnished the accuser with all the necessary
with c. Fabricius and Q. Aemilius, went to information, and even spoke himself publicly
Pyrrhus as ambassadors to effect an exchange of against Dolabella. Many of the crimes com-
prisoners. (Eutrop. ii. 6; Florus, i. 13; Appian, mitted by Verres himself were thus put to the
Samnit
. 6, Gall. 11; Dionys. Excerpt, p. 2344, account of Dolabella, who was therefore con-
ed. Reiske, and p. 75, ed. Frankfurt. )
demned. He went into exile, and left his wife
2. CN. CORNELIUS DOLABELLA, was inaugi and children behind him in great poverty. (Cic.
rated in B. C. 208 as rex sacrorum in the place of pro Quint. 2, 8; in Verr. i. 4, 15, 17, 29; Ascon,
M. Marcius, and he held this office until his death in Cornel. p. 110, ed. Orelli, who however con-
in B. c. 180. (Liv. xxvii. 36, xl. 42. )
founds him with No. 5. )
3. L. CORNELIUS DOLABELLA, was duumvir 7. P. CORNELIUS DOLABELLA, was praetor ur-
navalis in B. C. 180. In that year his kinsman, banus in B. C. 67 ; if, as is usually supposed, this
Cn. Cornelius Dolabella, the rex sacrorum, died, be the year in which Cicero spoke for Aulus Cae-
and our Dolabella wanted to become his successor. cina. (Cic. pro Caec. 8. ) He seems to be the
But C. Servilius, the pontifex maximus, before in- same person as the Dolabella who is mentioned
augurating him, demanded of him to resign his by Valerius Maximus, (viii. 1, Ambustae, $ 2,) as
office of duumvir navalis. When Dolabella re- governor of Asia, with the title of proconsul.
fused to obey this command, the pontifex inflicted (Comp. Gell. xii. 7, where he bears the prae-
a fine upon him. Dolabella appealed against it to nomen Cneius ; Amm. Marc. xxix. 2. )
the people. Several tribes had already given their 8. P. Cornelius DOLABELLA, perhaps a son
vote that Dolabella ought to obey, and that he of No. 7, was one of the most profligate men of
should be released from the fine if he would resign his time. He was born about B. c. 70, and is
the office of duumvir navalis, when some sign in said to have been guilty, even in early youth, of
the heavens broke up the assembly. This was a some capital offences, which might have cost him
fresh reason for the pontiff's refusing to inaugurate his life, had not Cicero defended and saved him
Dolabella. As duumvir navalis he and his cold with great exertions. In B. C. 51, he was ap-
jeague, C. Furius, had to protect the eastern pointed a member of the college of the quindea
coast of Italy with a fleet of twenty sail against imviri, and the year following he accused Appius
the Illyrians. (Liv. xl. 42 ; xli. 5. )
Claudius of having violated the sovereign rights of
4. Cx. CORNELIUS DOLABELLÁ, was curule the people. While this trial was going on, Fabia,
## p. 1059 (#1079) ##########################################
DOLABELLA.
1059
DOLABELLA.
Caesar pro-
the wife of Dolabella, left her husband. She | sar returned to Rome. Caesar of course greatly
had been compelled to take this step by the con- disapproved of Dolabella's conduct, but he did not
duct of her busband, who hoped by a marriage think it prudent to bring him to account, or to
with Tullia, the daughter of Cicero, to prevent punish him for it. However, he got him away
Cicero from assisting App. Claudius in his trial from Rome by taking him with him to Africa
by favourable testimonies from Cilicia. Cicero about the close of the year, and afterwards also in
himself, on the other hand, was anxious to oblige his Spanish campaign against the two sons of
App. Claudius, and was therefore by no means in. Pompey. In the course of the latter of these
clined to give his own daughter in marriage to expeditions Dolabella was wounded.
the accuser of Claudius ; he had, besides, been mised him the consulship for the year B. c. 44,
contemplating to bring about a marriage between although Dolabella was then only twenty-five years
Tullia and Tib. Claudius Nero, But Cicero's old, and had not yet held the praetorship; but
wife was gained over by Dolabella, and, before Caesar afterwards altered his mind, and entered
Cicero could interfere, the engagement was made, himself upon the consulship for that year ; however,
and the marriage soon followed. Cicero seems to as he had resolved upon his campaign against the
have been grieved by the affair, for he knew the Parthians, he promised Dolabella the consulship, in
vicious character of his son-in-law ; but Cloelius his absence, on the 1st of January, B. C. 44. Antony,
endeavoured to console him by saying, that the who was then augur, threatened to prevent such
vices of Dolabella were mere youthful ebullitions, an appointment, and when the comitia were held,
the time of which was now gone by, and that if he carried his threat into effect. On the 15th of
there remained any traces of them, they would March the senate was to have decided upon the
soon be corrected by Cicero's influence, and the opposition of Antony; but the murder of Caesar
virtuous conduct of Tullia. App. Claudius was on that day changed the aspect of everything.
acquitted in the mean time, and as thus the great Dolabella inmediately took possession of the con-
outward obstacle was removed, Cicero tried to sular fasces, and not only approved of the murder,
make the best of what he had been unable to but joined the assassins, and thus obtained the
prevent. In his letters written about that time, office of which he had already usurped the insignia.
and afterwards, Cicero speaks of Dolabella with In order to make a still greater display of his ha-
admiration and affection, and he may have really tred of Caesar, he caused the altar which had been
hoped that his son-in-law would improve ; but the erected to his honour and the column in the forum
consequences of his former recklessness and licen- to be pulled down ; and many persons who went
tiousness, even if he had wished to mend, drove thither with the intention of offering sacrifices to
him to new acts of the same kind. The great Caesar, and of paying him divine honours, were
amount of debts which he had contracted, and the thrown from the Tarpeian rock, or nailed on the
urgent demands of his creditors, compelled him in cross. These apparent republican sentiments and
B. C. 49 to seek refuge in the camp of Caesar. actions gave great delight to Cicero and the re-
This was a severe blow to Cicero, who speaks of publican party ; but no sooner did Antony open the
the step with great sorrow. When Caesar marched treasury to Dolabella, and give him Syria for his pro-
into Spain against Pompey's legates, Dolabella vince, with the command against the Parthians,
had the command of Caesar's fleet in the Adriatic, than all his republican enthusiasm disappeared at
but was unable to effect anything of consequence. once. As Cassius had likewise a claim to the pro-
After the battle of Pharsalus, in which he had vince of Syria, Dolabella left Rome before the year
taken a part, Dolabella returned to Rome. He of his consulship had come to its close. But he did
had hoped that Caesar would liberally reward his not proceed straightway to Syria; for, being great-
services, or that proscriptions, like those of Sulla, ly in want of money, he marched through Greece,
would afford him the means of obtaining money; Macedonia, Thrace, and Asia Minor, collecting
but in vain. His creditors were as loud and and extorting as much as he could on his way.
troublesome in their demands as before, and he at C. Trebonius, one of Caesar's murderers, who had
last had recourse to a new expedient. He caused then arrived at Smyrna as proconsul of Asia, did
himself to be adopted into the plebeian family of not admit Dolabella into the city, but sent him
Cn. Lentulus—whence he is afterwards sometimes provisions outside the place. Dolabella pretended
called Lentulus-in order to be able to obtain the to go to Ephesus, and Trebonius gave him an es.
tribuneship. He was accordingly made tribune in cort to conduct him thither; but when the escort
B. C. 48 ; and, in spite of the decree of the senate, returned to Smyrna, Dolabella too went back, and
that everything at Rome should remain unchanged entered Smyrna by night. Trebonius was mur-
till Caesar's return from Alexandria, Dolabella came dered in his bed, in February, B. C. 43; or, accord-
forward with a rogation, that all debts should be can- ing to Cicero, he was tortured for two days before
celled, and with some other measures of a similar he was put to death. Dolabella now began extort
character. His colleagues, Asinius and L. Trebel- ing money and troops from the towns of Asia
lius, opposed the scheme, and rehement and bloody Minor with a recklessness which knew no scruples
struggles ensued between the two parties which whatever in regard to the means for securing his end.
were thus formed at Rome. Antony, who had been When his proceedings became known at Rome, he
left behind by Caesar as his vicegerent, and bore was outlawed and declared a public enemy. Cas-
no hostility towards Dolabella, did not take any sius, who had in the mean time arrived in Asia,
strong measures against him till he was informed made war upon him, and took Laodiceia, which
of an amour existing between his wife Antonia Dolabella had occupied. The latter, in order not
and Dolabella. The day on which Dolabella's to fall into the bands of his enemies, ordered one
rogations were to be put to the vote, a fresh tu- of his soldiers to kill him, B. C. 43.
mult broke out in the city, in which the party of It is extraordinary to see the forbearance with
Dolabella was defeated; but peace was neverthe which Cicero treated Dolabella, who, after his
less not quite restored till the autumn, when ('ae- marriage with Tullin, B. C. 49, improved so little
3 1 2
## p. 1060 (#1080) ##########################################
1060
DOLIUS.
DOMITIA.
in his conduct, that two years after, Tullia left on the return of Odysseus from his wanderings,
him when she was expecting to become mother of a Dolius and his six sons welcomed him, and was
second child by him. Cicero, who certainly loved ready to join his master against the relatives of
his daughter most tenderly, and was aware of the the suitors. (Ilom. Od. iv. 735 ; xxiv. 495. ) (L. S. ]
unworthy and contemptible conduct of Dolabella, DOLON (A6Xwv), the name of two mythical
yet kept up his connexion with him after the di personages, both Trojans. (Hom. Il. x. 314, &c. ;
vorce, and repeatedly assures him of his great Hygin. Fab. 90. )
[L. S. )
attachment. It is difficult to account for this DOLOPS (A6204), a son of Hermes, who had
mode of acting on the part of Cicero, unless we a sepulchral monument in the neighbourhood of
suppose that his desire to keep upon good terms Peiresiae and Magnetn, which was visible at a
with a man who possessed influence with Caesar great distance, and at which the Argonauts landed
outweighed all other considerations. Cicero's fond- and offered up sacrifices. (Apollon. Rhod. i. 584 ;
ness for him continued for a short time after Cae. Orph. Arg. 459. ) There are two other mythical
sar's murder, that is, so long as Dolabella played personages of this name. (Hom. I. xv. 525, &c. ;
the part of a republican; but a change took place Hygin. Fab. Praef. p. 2. )
[L.
they were to form a colonia libertinorum. (Liv. confined in a strong fort, but, during the expedi-
xlii. 28, 31, xliii. 2, 3. )
[L. S. ] tion of Antigonus against Eumenes, they con-
DI'VICO, a commander of the Helvetians in trived to overpower their guards, and make them-
the war against L. Cassius, in B. c. 107. Nearly selves masters of the fortress. Docimus, however,
fifty years later, B. C. 58, when J. Caesar was pre- having quitted the castle to carry on a negotiation
paring to attack the Helvetians, they sent an em- with Stratonice, the wife of Antigonus, was again
bassy to him, headed by the aged Divico, whose made prisoner. (Diod. xix. 16. ) He appears
courageous speech is recorded by Caesar. (B. G. i. after this to have entered the service of Antigonus,
13; comp. Oros. v. 15; Liv. Epit. 65. ) [L. S. ) as we find him in 313 B. C. sent by that prince
DIVITI'ACUS, an Aeduan noble, and brother with an army to establish the freedom of the
of Dumnorix, is mentioned by Cicero ( de Dir. i. 11) | Greek cities in Caria. (Diod. xix. 75 ; Droysen,
as belonging to the order of Druids, and professing Hellenismus, vol. i. p. 358. ). In the campaign pre-
much knowledge of the secrets of nature and of divi- ceding the battle of Ipsus, he held the strong for-
nation. He was a warm adherent of the Romans tress of Synnada in Phrygia in charge for Anti-
and of Caesar, who, in consideration of his earnest gonus, but was induced to surrender it into the
entreaties, pardoned the treason of Dumnorix in hands of Lysimachus. (Diod. xx. 107; Pau-
B. C. 58. In the same year he took the most pro- san. i. 8. 1. ) It is probable that he had been
minent part among the Gallic chiefs in requesting governor of the adjoining district for some time :
Caesar's aid against Ariovistus ( see p. 287); he had, and he had founded there the city called after him
some time before, gone even to Rome to ask the Docimeium. (Steph. Byz, s. 1'. Aokiuerov, Droy-
senate for their interference, but without success. sen, Hellenismus, vol. ii. p. 665; Eckhel, iii. p.
It was probably during this visit that he was the 151. ) His name is not mentioned after the fall
guest of Cicero (de Div. l. c. ). Throughout, Caesar of Antigonis.
[E. H. B. )
3 x
## p. 1058 (#1078) ##########################################
1058
DOLABELLA.
DOLABELLA.
DO'CIMUS or DOCI'MIUS. To a supposed aedile in B. c. 165, in which year he and his col.
Graeco-Roman jurist of this name has been some- league, Sex. Julius Caesar, had the Hecyra of Te-
times attributed the authorship of a legal work in rence performed at the festival of the Megalesia.
alphabetical order, called by Harmenopulus ($ 49) In B. c. 159 he was consul with M. Fulvius No
To uerpov katà Otoixeiov, and usually known by bilior. (Title of Terent. Hecyr. ; Suet. Vit. Te-
the name of Synopsis Minor. It is principally bor- rent. 5. )
rowed from a work of Michael Attaliata. A fragment 5. Cn. CORNELIUS DOLABELLA, a grandson of
of the work relating to the authority of the Leges No. 4, and a son of the Cn. Cornelius Dolabella
Rhodiae, was published by S. Schardius (Basel who was put to death in B. c. 100, together with
1561), at the end of the Naval Laws, and the the tribune Appuleius Saturninus. During the
same fragment appears in the collection of Leun- civil war between Marius and Sulla, Dolabella
clavius (J. G. R. ii. p. 472). Pardessus has pub- sided with the latter, and in B. C. 81, when Sulla
Jished some further fragments of the Synopsis was dictator, Dolabella was raised to the consul-
Minor (Collection de Lois Maritimes, i. pp. 164, ship, and afterwards received Macedonia for his
195—204), and Zachariae has given some ex- province. He there carried on a successful war
tracts from it (Ilist. Jur. G. R. p. 76); but the against the Thracians, for which he was rewarded
greater part of the work is still in manuscript. on his return with a triumph. In B. c. 77, how-
Bach conjectures that the compilation of the Rho- ever, young Julius Caesar charged him with having
dian laws themselves was made by Docimus been guilty of extortion in his province, but he
(Hist. Jur. Rom. lib. iv. c. 1, sect. 3. § 26, p. was acquitted. (Oros. v. 17; Plut. Sulla, 28,
630); but Zachariae is of opinion, that the only &c. ; Appian, B. C. i. 100; Suet. Caes. 4, 49,
reason for attributing to him the authorship of the 55; Vell. Pat. ii. 43; Aurel. Vict. de Vir.
Synopsis Minor was, that the manuscript of II. 78 ; Val. Max. viii. 9. § 3; Cic. in
Vienna, from which the fragment in Schardius Pison. 19, Brut. 92, de Leg. Agr. ii. 14 ; Tacit.
and Leunclavius was published, once belonged to de Orat. 34 ; Gellius, xv. 28 ; Ascon. in Scaur.
a person named Docimus.
[J. T. G. ] p. 29, in Cornel. p. 73, ed. Orelli. )
DODON (Awwwv), a son of Zeus by Europa, 6. CN. CORNELIUS DOLABELLA, was praetor
from whom the oracle of Dodona was believed to urbanus, in B. C. 81, when the cause of P. Quin-
have derived its name. (Steph. Byz. s. r. Awowvn. ) tius was tried. Cicero charges him with having
Other traditions traced the name to a nymph of the acted on that occasion unjustly and against all
name of Dodone.
(L. S. ) established usages. The year after he had Cilicia
DOLABELLA, sometimes written Dolobella, for his province, and C. Malleolus was his quaes-
the name of a family of the patrician Cornelia tor, and the notorious Verres his legate. Dola-
gens. (Ruhnken, ad Vell. Pat. ii. 43. )
bella not only tolerated the extortions and rob-
1. P.
CORNELIUS DOLABELLA MAXIMUS, was beries committed by them, but shared in their
consul in B. C. 283 with Cn. Domitius Calvinus, booty. He was especially indulgent towards
and in that year conquered the Senones, who had Verres, and, after Malleolus was murdered, he
defeated the praetor L. Caecilius, and murdered made Verres his proquaestor. After his return to
the Roman ambassadors. Owing to the loss of Rome, Dolabella was accused by M. Aemilius
the consular Fasti for that time we do not hear of Scaurus of extortion in his province, and on that
his triumph, though he undoubtedly celebrated his occasion Verres not only deserted his accomplice,
victory by a triumph. In B. c. 279 he, together but furnished the accuser with all the necessary
with c. Fabricius and Q. Aemilius, went to information, and even spoke himself publicly
Pyrrhus as ambassadors to effect an exchange of against Dolabella. Many of the crimes com-
prisoners. (Eutrop. ii. 6; Florus, i. 13; Appian, mitted by Verres himself were thus put to the
Samnit
. 6, Gall. 11; Dionys. Excerpt, p. 2344, account of Dolabella, who was therefore con-
ed. Reiske, and p. 75, ed. Frankfurt. )
demned. He went into exile, and left his wife
2. CN. CORNELIUS DOLABELLA, was inaugi and children behind him in great poverty. (Cic.
rated in B. C. 208 as rex sacrorum in the place of pro Quint. 2, 8; in Verr. i. 4, 15, 17, 29; Ascon,
M. Marcius, and he held this office until his death in Cornel. p. 110, ed. Orelli, who however con-
in B. c. 180. (Liv. xxvii. 36, xl. 42. )
founds him with No. 5. )
3. L. CORNELIUS DOLABELLA, was duumvir 7. P. CORNELIUS DOLABELLA, was praetor ur-
navalis in B. C. 180. In that year his kinsman, banus in B. C. 67 ; if, as is usually supposed, this
Cn. Cornelius Dolabella, the rex sacrorum, died, be the year in which Cicero spoke for Aulus Cae-
and our Dolabella wanted to become his successor. cina. (Cic. pro Caec. 8. ) He seems to be the
But C. Servilius, the pontifex maximus, before in- same person as the Dolabella who is mentioned
augurating him, demanded of him to resign his by Valerius Maximus, (viii. 1, Ambustae, $ 2,) as
office of duumvir navalis. When Dolabella re- governor of Asia, with the title of proconsul.
fused to obey this command, the pontifex inflicted (Comp. Gell. xii. 7, where he bears the prae-
a fine upon him. Dolabella appealed against it to nomen Cneius ; Amm. Marc. xxix. 2. )
the people. Several tribes had already given their 8. P. Cornelius DOLABELLA, perhaps a son
vote that Dolabella ought to obey, and that he of No. 7, was one of the most profligate men of
should be released from the fine if he would resign his time. He was born about B. c. 70, and is
the office of duumvir navalis, when some sign in said to have been guilty, even in early youth, of
the heavens broke up the assembly. This was a some capital offences, which might have cost him
fresh reason for the pontiff's refusing to inaugurate his life, had not Cicero defended and saved him
Dolabella. As duumvir navalis he and his cold with great exertions. In B. C. 51, he was ap-
jeague, C. Furius, had to protect the eastern pointed a member of the college of the quindea
coast of Italy with a fleet of twenty sail against imviri, and the year following he accused Appius
the Illyrians. (Liv. xl. 42 ; xli. 5. )
Claudius of having violated the sovereign rights of
4. Cx. CORNELIUS DOLABELLÁ, was curule the people. While this trial was going on, Fabia,
## p. 1059 (#1079) ##########################################
DOLABELLA.
1059
DOLABELLA.
Caesar pro-
the wife of Dolabella, left her husband. She | sar returned to Rome. Caesar of course greatly
had been compelled to take this step by the con- disapproved of Dolabella's conduct, but he did not
duct of her busband, who hoped by a marriage think it prudent to bring him to account, or to
with Tullia, the daughter of Cicero, to prevent punish him for it. However, he got him away
Cicero from assisting App. Claudius in his trial from Rome by taking him with him to Africa
by favourable testimonies from Cilicia. Cicero about the close of the year, and afterwards also in
himself, on the other hand, was anxious to oblige his Spanish campaign against the two sons of
App. Claudius, and was therefore by no means in. Pompey. In the course of the latter of these
clined to give his own daughter in marriage to expeditions Dolabella was wounded.
the accuser of Claudius ; he had, besides, been mised him the consulship for the year B. c. 44,
contemplating to bring about a marriage between although Dolabella was then only twenty-five years
Tullia and Tib. Claudius Nero, But Cicero's old, and had not yet held the praetorship; but
wife was gained over by Dolabella, and, before Caesar afterwards altered his mind, and entered
Cicero could interfere, the engagement was made, himself upon the consulship for that year ; however,
and the marriage soon followed. Cicero seems to as he had resolved upon his campaign against the
have been grieved by the affair, for he knew the Parthians, he promised Dolabella the consulship, in
vicious character of his son-in-law ; but Cloelius his absence, on the 1st of January, B. C. 44. Antony,
endeavoured to console him by saying, that the who was then augur, threatened to prevent such
vices of Dolabella were mere youthful ebullitions, an appointment, and when the comitia were held,
the time of which was now gone by, and that if he carried his threat into effect. On the 15th of
there remained any traces of them, they would March the senate was to have decided upon the
soon be corrected by Cicero's influence, and the opposition of Antony; but the murder of Caesar
virtuous conduct of Tullia. App. Claudius was on that day changed the aspect of everything.
acquitted in the mean time, and as thus the great Dolabella inmediately took possession of the con-
outward obstacle was removed, Cicero tried to sular fasces, and not only approved of the murder,
make the best of what he had been unable to but joined the assassins, and thus obtained the
prevent. In his letters written about that time, office of which he had already usurped the insignia.
and afterwards, Cicero speaks of Dolabella with In order to make a still greater display of his ha-
admiration and affection, and he may have really tred of Caesar, he caused the altar which had been
hoped that his son-in-law would improve ; but the erected to his honour and the column in the forum
consequences of his former recklessness and licen- to be pulled down ; and many persons who went
tiousness, even if he had wished to mend, drove thither with the intention of offering sacrifices to
him to new acts of the same kind. The great Caesar, and of paying him divine honours, were
amount of debts which he had contracted, and the thrown from the Tarpeian rock, or nailed on the
urgent demands of his creditors, compelled him in cross. These apparent republican sentiments and
B. C. 49 to seek refuge in the camp of Caesar. actions gave great delight to Cicero and the re-
This was a severe blow to Cicero, who speaks of publican party ; but no sooner did Antony open the
the step with great sorrow. When Caesar marched treasury to Dolabella, and give him Syria for his pro-
into Spain against Pompey's legates, Dolabella vince, with the command against the Parthians,
had the command of Caesar's fleet in the Adriatic, than all his republican enthusiasm disappeared at
but was unable to effect anything of consequence. once. As Cassius had likewise a claim to the pro-
After the battle of Pharsalus, in which he had vince of Syria, Dolabella left Rome before the year
taken a part, Dolabella returned to Rome. He of his consulship had come to its close. But he did
had hoped that Caesar would liberally reward his not proceed straightway to Syria; for, being great-
services, or that proscriptions, like those of Sulla, ly in want of money, he marched through Greece,
would afford him the means of obtaining money; Macedonia, Thrace, and Asia Minor, collecting
but in vain. His creditors were as loud and and extorting as much as he could on his way.
troublesome in their demands as before, and he at C. Trebonius, one of Caesar's murderers, who had
last had recourse to a new expedient. He caused then arrived at Smyrna as proconsul of Asia, did
himself to be adopted into the plebeian family of not admit Dolabella into the city, but sent him
Cn. Lentulus—whence he is afterwards sometimes provisions outside the place. Dolabella pretended
called Lentulus-in order to be able to obtain the to go to Ephesus, and Trebonius gave him an es.
tribuneship. He was accordingly made tribune in cort to conduct him thither; but when the escort
B. C. 48 ; and, in spite of the decree of the senate, returned to Smyrna, Dolabella too went back, and
that everything at Rome should remain unchanged entered Smyrna by night. Trebonius was mur-
till Caesar's return from Alexandria, Dolabella came dered in his bed, in February, B. C. 43; or, accord-
forward with a rogation, that all debts should be can- ing to Cicero, he was tortured for two days before
celled, and with some other measures of a similar he was put to death. Dolabella now began extort
character. His colleagues, Asinius and L. Trebel- ing money and troops from the towns of Asia
lius, opposed the scheme, and rehement and bloody Minor with a recklessness which knew no scruples
struggles ensued between the two parties which whatever in regard to the means for securing his end.
were thus formed at Rome. Antony, who had been When his proceedings became known at Rome, he
left behind by Caesar as his vicegerent, and bore was outlawed and declared a public enemy. Cas-
no hostility towards Dolabella, did not take any sius, who had in the mean time arrived in Asia,
strong measures against him till he was informed made war upon him, and took Laodiceia, which
of an amour existing between his wife Antonia Dolabella had occupied. The latter, in order not
and Dolabella. The day on which Dolabella's to fall into the bands of his enemies, ordered one
rogations were to be put to the vote, a fresh tu- of his soldiers to kill him, B. C. 43.
mult broke out in the city, in which the party of It is extraordinary to see the forbearance with
Dolabella was defeated; but peace was neverthe which Cicero treated Dolabella, who, after his
less not quite restored till the autumn, when ('ae- marriage with Tullin, B. C. 49, improved so little
3 1 2
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1060
DOLIUS.
DOMITIA.
in his conduct, that two years after, Tullia left on the return of Odysseus from his wanderings,
him when she was expecting to become mother of a Dolius and his six sons welcomed him, and was
second child by him. Cicero, who certainly loved ready to join his master against the relatives of
his daughter most tenderly, and was aware of the the suitors. (Ilom. Od. iv. 735 ; xxiv. 495. ) (L. S. ]
unworthy and contemptible conduct of Dolabella, DOLON (A6Xwv), the name of two mythical
yet kept up his connexion with him after the di personages, both Trojans. (Hom. Il. x. 314, &c. ;
vorce, and repeatedly assures him of his great Hygin. Fab. 90. )
[L. S. )
attachment. It is difficult to account for this DOLOPS (A6204), a son of Hermes, who had
mode of acting on the part of Cicero, unless we a sepulchral monument in the neighbourhood of
suppose that his desire to keep upon good terms Peiresiae and Magnetn, which was visible at a
with a man who possessed influence with Caesar great distance, and at which the Argonauts landed
outweighed all other considerations. Cicero's fond- and offered up sacrifices. (Apollon. Rhod. i. 584 ;
ness for him continued for a short time after Cae. Orph. Arg. 459. ) There are two other mythical
sar's murder, that is, so long as Dolabella played personages of this name. (Hom. I. xv. 525, &c. ;
the part of a republican; but a change took place Hygin. Fab. Praef. p. 2. )
[L.
