No More Learning

ii. 2. & 1; Hom. Il. vi. 157, &c. ) (L. S. ) Thebes, was represented on the chest of Cypselus
AMPHIA'NUS, a Greek tragic poet at Alex- (Paus. v. 17. & 4. ) Respecting some extant works
andria. (Schol. ad German. Arat. 332, p. 78, ed. of art, of which Amphiaraus is the subject, see
Bubl. )
Grüneisen, Die alt griechische Bronze des Trur'schen
AMPHIARAI'DES, a patronymic from Am- Kabinets in Tübingen, Stuttg. and Tübing. 1835.
phiaraus, by which Ovid (Fast. ii. 43) calls his The prophetic power, which Amphiaraus was
son Alcmaeon.
(L. S. ] believed to possess, was accounted for by his de
AMPHIARA'US ('Audiopaos), a son of Oicles scent from Melampus or Apollo, though there was
and Hypermnestra, the daughter of Thestius. also a local tradition at Phlius, according to which
(Hom. Od. xv. 244 ; Apollod. i. 8. $ 2; Hygin. he had acquired them in a night which he spent in
Fub. 73; Paus. ii. 21. $ 2. ) On his father's side the prophetic house (olkos Martinós) of Phlius
he was descended from the famous seer Melampus. (Paus. ii. 13. $ 6; comp. i. 34. $ 3. ) He was
(Paus. vi. 17. $ 4. ) Some traditions represented like all seers, a favourite of Zeus and Apollo.
him as a son of Apollo by Hypermnestra, which, (Hom. Od. xv. 245. ) Respecting the oracle of
however, is merely a poetical expression to de | Amphiaraus see Dict. of Ant. s. o. Oraculum. It
Bcribe him as a seer and prophet. (Hygin. Fab. should be remarked here, that Virgil (Aen. vii. 671)
70. ) Amphiaraus is renowned in ancient story as mentions three Greek heroes as conteni poraries of
a brave hero: he is mentioned among the hunters Aeneas, viz. Tiburtus, Catillus, and Coras, the first
of the Calydonian boar, which he is said to have of whom was believed to be the founder of Tibur,
deprived of one eye, and also as one of the Argo and is described by Pliny (H. N. xvi. 87) as a son
nauts. (Apollod. i. 8. $ 2, 9. $ 16. ) For a time of Amphiaraus.
(L. S. )
he reigned at Argos in common with Adrastus ; AMPHICLEIA ('Auoikheia), the daughter of
but, in a feud which broke out between them, Ariston, and the wife of the son of lamblichus, re-
Adrastus took to flight. Afterwards, however, he ceived instruction in philosophy from Plotinus.
became reconciled with Amphiaraus, and gave him (Porphyr. rit. Plotin. c. 9. )
his sister Eriphyle in marriage (ADRASTUS], by AMPHI'CRATES ('Apoikpátns), king of Sa-
whom Amphiaraus became the father of Alcmaeon, mos in ancient times, in whose reign the Samians
Amphilochus, Eurydice, and Demonassa. On invaded Aegina. (Herod. iii. 59. )
marrying Eriphyle, Amphiaraus had sworn, that AMPHI'CRATES ('Aupikpátns), a Greek
he would abide by the decision of Eriphyle on any sophist and rhetorician of Athens.
point in which he should differ in opinion from contemporary of Tigranes (R. C. 70), and being
Adrastus. When, therefore, the latter called upon exiled (we know not for what reason) from Athens,
him to join the expedition of the Seven against he went to Seleuceia on the Tigris. The inhabitants
Thebes, Amphiaraus, although he foresaw its un- of this place requested him to teach rhetoric in
fortunate issue and at first refused to take any their city, but he haughtily refused, saying, that
part in it, was nevertheless persuaded by his wife the vessel was too small to contain a dolphin. He
to join his friends, for Eriphyle had been enticed then went to Cleopatra, the daughter of Mithri-
to induce her husband by the necklace of Harmonia dates, who was married to Tigranes, and who
which Polyneices had given her. Amphiaraus on seems to have become attached to him. Amphi-
leaving Argos enjoined his sons to avenge his crates soon drew suspicions upon himself, and was
death on their heartless mother. (Apollod. iii. 6. forbidden to have any intercourse with the Greeks,
$ 2; Hygin. Fab. 73; Diod. iv. 65; Hom. Od. whereupon he starved himself to death. (Plut.
xv. 247, &c. ) On their way to Thebes the heroes Lucull. 22. ) Longinus (de Sublim. p. 54, ed. Toup)
instituted the Nemean games, and Amphiaraus mentions him along with Hegesias and Matris,
won the victory in the chariot-race and in throwing and censures him for his affectation of sublimity.
the discus. (Apollod. in. 6. § 4. ) During the Whether he is the same person as the Amphicraies
war against Thiebes, Amphiaraus fought bravely / who wrote a work on celebrated men (Trepi evoósa'y
.
He was a


## p. 149 (#169) ############################################

AMPHIDAMAS.
149
AMPIIILOCHUS.
avdpôv, Athen. xiii. p. 576 ; Diog. Laert. ii. 101), 3. The father of Clysonymus, whom Patroclus
is uncertain.
(L. S. ] killed when yet a child. (Hom. ll. xxiii. 87;
AMPHI'CRATES, a Greek sculptor, probably Apollod. iii. 13. & 8. ) Other mythical personages
of Athens, since he was the maker of a statue of this name occur in Apollod. ii. 5. § 11; Hygin.
which the Athenians erected in honour of a cour- Fab. 14; Hom. Il. x. 266, &c. (L. S. ]
tezan, who having learnt from Harmodius and AMPHI'DAMAS or AMPHI'DAMUS ('Aran
Aristogeiton their conspiracy against Hippias and $18duas, 'Audidayos), general of the Eleans in
Hipparchus, was tortured to death by the tyrants, B. C. 218, was taken prisoner by Philip, king of
without disclosing the secret.
Her name
was Macedonia, and carried to Olympia, but was set at
Leana (a liuness): and the Athenians, unwilling liberty on his undertaking to bring over his coun-
openly to honour a courtezan, had the statue made trymen to Philip's side. But not succeeding in
in the form of a lioness; and, to point out the act his attempt, he went back to Philip, and is spoken
which it was meant to commemorate, the animals of as defending Amtus against the charges of
tongue was omitted. We know nothing of the Apelles. (Polyb. iv. 75, 84, 86. )
sculptor's age, unless we may infer from the narra- AMPHİ'DICUS ('Aupidikos), a Theban who,
tive that the statue was inade soon after the expul- in the war of the Seven against his native city,
sion of the Peisistratidae. (B. c. 510. ) In the slew Parthenopaeus. (Apollod. iii. 6. & 8. ) AC-
passage of Pliny, which is our sole authority cording to Euripides (Phoen. 1156), however, it
(xxxiv. 19. § 12), there is a manifest corruption of was Periclymenus who killed Parthenopaeus.
the text, and the reading Amphicratis is only a Pausanias (ix. 18. § 4) calls him Asphodicus,
conjecture, though a most probable one, by Sillig. whence some critics wish to introduce the same
(Catalogus Artificum, s. o. )
[P. S. ] name in Apollodorus.
(L. S. )
AMPHICTYON ('AjQutvuv), a son of Deu- AMPHI'ETES or AMPHIE'TERUS ('Au-
calion and Pyrrha (Apollod. i. 7. $2), or according dieths), a surname of Dionysus. (Orph. Hymn.
to others an autochthon, who after having married 52. 1, 51. 10.
) It is believed that at Athens,
Cranaë, the daughter of Cranaus, king of Attica, where the Dionysiac festivals were held annually,
expelled his father-in-law from his kingdom and the name signified yearly, while at Thebes, where
usurped his throne. He ruled for twelve years, they were celebrated every third year, it was in-
and was then in turn expelled by Erichthonius. terpretated to be synonymous with tpietús. (L. S. 1
(Apollod. iii. 14. & 5, &c. ; Paus. i. 2. $ 5. ) Ac- AMPHIGYEÉIS ("Audryuners), lame or limp-
cording to Eustathius (ad Hom. p. 277), he was ing on both feet, a surname of Hephaestus, given
married to Chthonopatra, by whom he had a son, him because Zeus threw him from Olympus upon
Physcus, the father of Locrus. According to the earth for having wished to support Hera.
Stephanus Byzantius (s. v. Þúokos), however, (Hom. Il. i. 599; comp. Apollod. i. 3. & 5. )
Aetolus was a son and Physcus a grandson of (HEPHAESTUS. )
(L. S. )
Amphictyon. He was believed to have been the AMPHI'LOCHUS ('Auplaoxos), a
first who introduced the custom of mixing wine Amphiaraus and Eriphyle, and brother of Alc-
with water, and to hare dedicated two altars to maeon. (Apollod. iii. 7. § 2; Hom. Od. xv. 248. )
Dionysus Orthos and the nymphs. (Eustath. ad When his father went against Thebes, Amphi-
Hom. p. 1815. ) Dionysius of Halicarnassus (iv. lochus was, according to Pausanias (v. 17. § 4),
25), who calls him a son of Hellen, Pausanias (z. yet an infant, although ten years afterwards he is
8. $ 1), and others, regard Amphictyon as the mentioned as one of the Epigoni, and according to
founder of the amphictyony of Thermopylae, and some traditions assisted bis brother in the murder
in consequence of this belief a sanctuary of Am- of his mother. (ALCM AEON. ) He is also men-
phictyon was built in the village of Anthela on tioned among the suitors of Helen, and as having
the Asopus, which was the most ancient place of taken part in the Trojan war. On the return
meeting of this amphictyony. (Herod. vii. 200. ) from this expedition be together with Mopsus,
But this belief is without any foundation, and who was like himself a seer, founded the town of
arose from the ancients assigning the establishment Mallos in Cilicia. Hence he proceeded to his
of their institutions to some mythical hero. (Dict. native place, Argos. But as he was not satisfied
of Ant. s. v. Amphyctions. )
[L. S. ) with the state of affairs there, he returned to
AMPHICTY'ONIS ('Aupurtvovís), a surname Mallos. When Mopsus refused to allow him any
of Demeter, derived from Anthela, where she was share in the government of their common colony,
worshipped under this name, because it was the the two seers fought a single combat in which both
place of meeting for the amphictyons of Thermo were killed. This combat was described by some
pylae, and because sacrifices were offered to her at as having arisen out of a dispute about their pro-
the opening of every meeting. (Herod. vii. 200; phetic powers. Their tombs, which were placed
Strab. ix. p. 429. )
[L. S. ] in such a manner that the one could not be seen
AMPHI'DAMAS ('Aupidámas). 1. A son of from the other, existed as late as the time of
Lycurgus and Cleophile, and father of Antimache, Strabo, near mount Margasa, not far from Pyra-
who married Eurystheus. (Apollod. iii. 9. & 2. ) mus. (Strab. xiv. p. 675; Lycophron, 439, with
According to Pausanias (viii
. 4. $ 6) and Apollo- the Schol. ) According to other traditions (Strab.
nius Rhodius (i. 163) he was a son of Aleus, and xiv. p. 642), Amphilochus and Calchas, on their
consequently a brother of Lycurgus, Cepheus, and return from Troy, went on foot to the celebrated
Auge, and took part in the expedition of the grove of the Clarian Apollo near Colophon. In
Argonauts. (Hygin. Fab. 14. )
some accounts he was said to have been killed by
2. A king of Chalcis in Euboen, after whose Apollo. (Hes. ap. Strab. xiv. p. 676. ) According
death liis sons celebrated funeral games, in which to Thucydides (ii
. 68) Amphilochus returned from
Hesiod won the prize in a poetical contest. It | Troy to Argos, but being dissatisfied there, he
consisted of a golden tripod, which he dedicated emigrated and founded Argos Amphilochium on
to the Muses of Helicon. (Hes. Op. e D. 654, dc. ) | the Ambracian gulf. Other accowits, however,
son of


## p. 150 (#170) ############################################

150
AMPHILOCHIUS.
AMPHIMEDON.
.
to him.
iscribe the foundation of this town to Alcmaeon | mains (in Greek) have been edited by Combefis,
(ätrab. vii. p. 3:26), or to Amphilochus the son of with those of Methodius of Patara and Andreas of
Alcmaeon. (Apollod. iii. 7. $ 7. ) Being a son of Crete, fol. Par. 1644. Of Eight Honcilies ascribed
the seer Amphiaraus, Amphilochus was likewise to him, some at least are supposititious (Gallandi
believed to be endowed with prophetic powers; gives five among his works, vol. vi. Bildioth. Patr. ),
und at Mallos in Cilicia there was an oracle of as is the Life of St. Basil. There is attributed to
Amphilochus, which in the time of Pausanias (i. him an iambic poem of 333 verses (in reference
34. § 2) was regarded as the most truthful of all. to the Trinity) addressed to Seleucus, nephew of
(Dict
. of Ant. p. 673. ) He was worshipped to- St. Olympias (who hnd herself been brought up by
gether with his father at Oropus; at Athens he Theodosia
, sister to St. Amphilochius) and grand-
had an altar, and at Sparta a heroum. (Paus. i. son of the general Trajan, who perished with his
34. § 2, iii. 15. § 6. )
master, Valens, at Hadrianople, A. D. 378. Gal-
There are two other mythical personages of this landi adds the testimony of Cosmas Indicopleustes
name, one a grandson of our Amphilochus (Apollod. (6th cent. ) to that of John Damascene, Zonaras,
iii. 7. & 7), and the other a son of Dryas. (Parthen. and Balsamon, in favour of the authenticity of this
Erot. 27. )
(L. S. ] poem. Combefis has collected his fragments (l. c.
AMPHI'LOCHUS, of ATHENS, a writer on pp. 138-154), and Gallandi has added to them (l. c.
agriculture mentioned by Varro (R. R. i. 1) and p. 497, &c. , and Proleg. p. 12). His work on the
Columella (i. 1). Pliny also speaks of a work of Holy Ghost is lost. (St. Jerome, de Script. Ecc. c.
his “ De Medica et Cytiso. " (H. N. xviii. 16. 133; Fabric. Bibl. Grucc. vol. viii. PP.
375–381.