Franklin first broached the idea of using
electricity
for communicating
intelligence: Professor Morse gave practical application to his idea.
intelligence: Professor Morse gave practical application to his idea.
A-Companion-to-the-Cantos-of-Ezra-Pound-II
came reconciled to him later and helped secure him command of several expeditions-Des Moines River, Rocky Mts.
, Oregon, and California.
In 1845 when the Mexican War was brewing, he raised the re- volt against the Mexican authorities in Cali- fornia and was court-martialed and found guilty of disobeying orders.
President Polk pardoned him and in 1848 he was back on the exploration trail.
He served briefly (1850?
1851) as U.
S.
Senator from California and was even chosen by the RepubHcans as their presidential candidate in 1856.
He lost, though he was considered a national hero.
From that moment his fortune declined; he
193. der Schwiegersohn: G, "the son? in? law. " After the investigation was over they started to discuss politics. It was the brother-in-law who came in on the conver- sation.
194. "Was sagt er? ": G, "What does he say? "
195. Der Jud will Geld: G, "The Jew wants money. "
210. Wd / [86:8].
have packed
Hamburg . . . :
"medicine"
: Ben?
showed . . . that
by the
192. So
Pound left Rome and traveled north? to Gais to see his daughter, Mary, who was being brought up by Mr. and Mrs. Marcher. The villagers were suspicious of an American from Italy saying he was Mary's father so they formed a committee that came to the Marcher home to ask questions. The Mar- chers were frightened of men entering with rifles [M de R. , Discretions, 190? 192].
203. Hansa: Del Mar: "far more impor? tant . . . was the Hansa established at a very
204. forged Donation . . . : The Donation o f Constantine is one of the most famous forg- eries employed in the struggles for power between the Eastern and Western empires. Written around the mid 8th century, it be~
came incorporated as a part of the Pseudo~ Isidorian Decretals and thence, in part, got into most medieval collections of canon law. The Donation purports that "Constantine the Great, reciting his baptism and the cure of his leprosy at the hands of Sylvester, Bishop of Rome 314? 336, confirmed the privilege of that pontiff as head of all the
clergy and supreme over the other four patri- archates . . . it tells how he, Constantine, re- cognized the superior dignity of the Pope by holding the bridle of his horse. . . . This reo markable document was almost universally accepted as genuine from the ninth to the fifteenth century" [Coleman, Donation, 1? 2]. Del Mar believes the forgery was the Latin bishop's attempt to wrest authority from both Charlemagne and the basileus in
the East: the documents "purported to be a donation from Constantine I, to the Bishop of Rome, of both the spiritual and temporal dominion of the western world" [Middle Ages Revisited, 200? 201].
Geld:
After
Sept. 1943
196. "Neither . . .
"gists" under the heading "LAW" says: "The right aim of law is to prevent coercion either by force or fraud" [SP, 355].
197. lI. efW1) . . . jury: H, "Athena" [87 :40j.
198. Ideogram: Tuan [M6541], "principles; doctrines. " The four basic cornerstones of Confucianism: "love, duty, propriety, wis- dom" [85:33].
199. Ideogram: Chen [M346], "upright. "
200. ataraxia: L, "undisturbed in mind or by passion. "
201. From Charlemagne's . . . : Said Pound:
211. young Windsor: [86:47].
212. Image (Selwyn): A well? known literary figure in Pound's early years in London who talked to him about Paris, "Old Verlaine," stained glass, and presumably Ruskin. In a letter home, 21 Feb. 1909, he said, "I think the Shakespears and Selwyn Image are about the most worth while out of the lot I have come across" [NS, Life, 94].
? 213. Ruskin: John R. , 1819? 1900, whose writings, such as The Political Economy of Art (1857), would be certain to interest Pound [see Robert Faulkner Casillo, "The Para11el Design in John Ruskin and Ezra Pound," Ph. D. dissertation, Johns Hopkins,
1978, University Microfilms International 78? 6240].
214. Tasso: Torquato T. , 1544? 1595, Italian poet, author of Jerusalem Delivered (1575).
fraud:
One of
Pound's
[GK,47].
. . . was Austria. . . .
we11? founded
tion,23].
specie
[Money and
. . .
sively used in
Besides furthering trade relations, the advan- tages of the coin itself were very helpful for its distribution. . . . The picture of the Em? press . . . was artistically valuable . . . . Until recently, Austria provided parts of Africa with newly minted Maria Theresia thalers, and only last year [1935] . . . they were in circulation in Abyssinia" (Maria Theresia,
347? 348; cf. 226 below].
207. The Emperor's furrow: [53:122; 86:78].
208. Antoninus: [46:42; 78:56; GK, 40-41].
209. Rock Drill: Pound took the name from a review by Wyndham Lewis entitled "The Rock. Drill," which Lewis quite likely de? rived from an Epstein sculpture [Korg, Pai, 4? 2 & 3, 301? 313].
202. Venice
tory of Venice commences with the reo- pening of the Suez route to India" After that its commerce developed because of
: Del Mar
his?
Civiliza?
said: "The
pagan Goths. . . . The
early epoch
Christian Hansa was the earliest trade cor- poration" [Del Mar, HMS, 264? 265]. The point common to all three names is that the power to issue legal tender or specie should belong to the state: "Gold was under the Pontifex" [cf. 79 above and 231 below].
206. Thalers
says: "The coin which was known as the
Belgium:
Morris
[sic] thaler trading outside
exten?
? 534
89/601-602
89/602
535
A blow on the head inflicted by an angry courtier rendered him recurrently insane and he was hospitalized for the rest of his life.
215. Kidd: Prob. Thomas Kyd, 1558? 1594, English dramatist. For alleged unorthodox religious views, he was arrested and tortured.
216. Raleigh: Sir Walter R. , 15527? 1618, English soldier, explorer, courtier, and man of letters. In and out of favor with Queen Elizabeth, he was imprisoned in the Tower in 1592. With the accession of James I, he Was persona non grata for years. Convicted of treason and sentenced to death, he was reprieved to spend over 10 years in the Tower. He was released in 1616 to make another voyage to the Oronoco in search of gold with specific instructions not to aid the cause of Savoy against Spain. But he cap- tured a Spanish town, and on his return was executed at the demand of the Spanish am? bassador who had great influence because the question of marriage between the In- fanta of Spain and James's son Charles was being explored.
217. My father . . . window: Elizabeth Ben? ton Fremont wrote: "From the balcony of our Paris house we witnessed the triumphant entry of . . . Napoleon III, as the Emperor of the French" Napoleon III had ordered that no guard should surround him on his entry, saying "If I die at the hands of an assassin, I die alone! " The problem for the police was a difficult one, but they obtained the names of all people expected to be on the route. General Fremont gave his list of names, but was surprised when uninvited guests showed up. He gave those names to the police at the last minute: "detectives were sent to guard the unbidden guests . . . and thus a delicate sHuation was safely mastered. " Said the General: "If there is to be any shooting it must not be done from my home" [Fre? mont,Recoliections 54. 56].
218. My grandfather . . . : Elizabeth B. Fre? mont (Benton's granddaughter) makes no mention of Morse or his telegraph, but Ben? ton says: "Dr.
Franklin first broached the idea of using electricity for communicating
intelligence: Professor Morse gave practical application to his idea. " And Jessie Fre? mont, Benton's daughter, wrote: "living close by were the Ellsworths, who were 'friends indeed' to Mr. Morse in the hard days when he could not get his idea of the electric telegraph launched. He was laughed at in Congress; his money gave out; his health was going, he was so worn out that his dead? white face and brilliant hollow eyes startled one. . . these ladies went among their friends whose husbands were in Con- gress and made them understand . . . and now it girdles the earth" [Jessie Fremont,
Senator Lloyd of Mass. stood ready to duel to the death. Said MVB, "The Senate at this
trol was lost. Said Del Mar: "In 1268, owing to the severity of the taxes . . . particularly the corn duties, a bread riot occurred in Venice, and though the republic was in great financial distress, the obnoxious imposts
Souvenirs, 61; 34:88].
219. "Pige? moi . . . carthaginois:
223. "on above ] .
borrowed
capital . . .
: [cf. 63
F, "Just look at the character, said old Gustav, who will paint you a Carthaginian easy chair. " "Old Gustav" is Flaubert, author of Sal-
224. Judge Marshall: [37:67].
ammbb, a roman de Carthage.
220. Henry J. had Coburn: Said Coburn: "it was my unique privilege in 1906? 1907 to provide the fron. tispieces for each of the twenty-four volumes of the collected edition of Henry James' works" [Alvin Langdon Co? burn: Photographer, 52].
221. I need add nothing . . . : Said MVB: "I entered the Senate . . . at the commence- ment of Mr. Monroe's second Presidential Term [1821]. John Gaillard, of South Caro? lina, was then, as he had been for many years, President pro tern of that body. I need add nothing to the eloquent description given of his character by Col. Benton . . . except the expression of my full concur- rence in what has been so well said" [MVB, Auto,115].
. . . : [cf. 173
225. Agamemnon: By killing a stag sacred to Diana and allowing the sacrifice of his daughter Iphigenia so that the Greeks, wind? bound at Aulis, might be freed to sail to Troy, Agamemnon himself became a "father of war. "
226. "Leave the Duke: [50:28].
227. quest'oggi: I, "this very day" [cf. 205 above]. M de R. cites these several lines about forging the thalers and says that while the village committee was questioning Pound on his return to Gais [cf. 192? 194 above], the "single dangling Thaler on the watch? chain [of the brother? in? law] shifted interest from paper money and stamp-scrip to the Thalers from Maria Theresa" [Discretions,
192].
231. Gold . . . Pontifex: Says Del Mar: "The jealous monopoly of gold coinage by the sovereign-pontiff ascends to the Achime- nides of Persia, that is to say, to Cyrus and Darius; in fact, it ascends to the Bramins of India. The Greek and Roman Republics broke it down; Caesar set it up again" [HMS,
70; cf. 79 above].
232. Bezants . . . : Bezants were
coins issued by the BasjJeus of the Eastern Empire: gold was then under the pontifex.
233. Dandolo: Enrico D. , ca. 1108? 1205, became doge of Venice in 1192. In the 4th crusade he diverted the attacking forces to Zara and then, in 1203, to Constantinople ("Stamboul"). Though old and blind, he commanded the victorious fleet. Thereafter, the coinage, which had been stable, passed into the hands of banks and merchants.
234. arab uneasiness: Between the basileus and the rulers of the Arab states bordering the Eastern Empire open conflict sometimes broke out over the coinage [97:6].
235. The forgery: [cf. 204 above].
236. Valla: Lorenzo V. , ca. 1407? /457, Ital? ian humanist and Greek scholar. His claim to fame rests on three things: (1) the exposure of the forgery; (2) the allegation that he was tortured by the Inquisition for the exposure,
222. "Good? bye
above] . A very complicated senatorial strug- gle between Randolph and both his friends and opponents developed because of the in- creasing vituperation in his speeches. This lack of temper would eventually lead to the Clay duel. Randolph himself expected not to be re? elected to the Senate. While the Senate was preparing to pass rules to curb him, he was preparing to go to England to get away from it all. At one moment of great drama,
Tazewell
moment presented a striking
tableau . . .
every Senator present
sides in the fray-when
deliberately from his place . . . and passed in front of the Chair to the door, exclaiming as he walked along, 'I will have no more of this! I am off for England! Good bye, Taze? well! Good bye Van Buren! They are all against me! . . . in Virginia tool'-and still uttering these words the doors of the Senate closed behind him" [MVB,Auto, 206? 210].
228. "Benton . . . (Randolph):
duel [88/577], R wrote to a friend: "I can- not write. I tried yesterday to answer your letter, but I could not do it. My pen choked. . . . I am all but friendless. . . . Ben? ton begins to understand and to love me. Nothing has stood in his way" [Bruce, Ran- dolph, 524? 525].
229. In Venice . . . Danzig: [cf. 203 above]. The stability of these two corporate states, Venice and the Hanseatic League, depended on their power to issue and control the mon- ey supply. With the rise of banks, that con?
. . . to take
inclining
. . . Randolph moved
After the
were repealed"
[Money and
Civili?
zation,66].
. . .
230. Alex said
ander also undertook to pay all debts in? curred by his soldiers, and to find out how many debtors there were, he invlted all who were in debt to enter their names and the amounts they owed in a register. " The sol- diers were afraid and most didn't, so Alex- ander changed the order. "He cancelled re- gistration and ordered that all debts . . . were to be paid without . . . their names in writ- ing" [Genaa/ship, 136? 137].
paid: Says Fuller:
"Alex?
Byzantine
? 536
89/602-603
89/603
537
which i$ untrue-he wasn't even imprisoned; and (3) his treatise De Voluptate-proving that he was given to paganism-which at- tacked chastity as an ideal [Coleman, Dona- tion, passim].
237. 12 to one, Roma: Says Del Mar: "From the accession of Julius to the fall of Constantinople, the ratio of value between gold and silver within the Roman empire, whether pagan or Christian, was always 1 to 12; whereas, during the same interval, it was 6 1/2 in India, as well as in the Arabian empires" [HMS, 79].
238. And the Portagoose: Said Pound: "Portagoose as SOON as got into Goa/ started uprooting spice trees/400 year ramp [age]" [letter to Denis Goacher, 10 Aug. 1954; unpublished letter to Simon Fraser University Special Collections, cat. no. 552/ 84; Watts, 256]. Afonso de Albuquerque and his Portuguese adventurers seized Goa and other territories on the west coast of India in 1510. Del Mar describes him de- basing the coinage of Goa to obtain gold. "His professed object was to relieve a local dearth of coins . . . his real one to buy the gold which he might fail to plunder, and sell it (in Portugal) at cent per cent profit"
[HMS, 388; 104:84]. 239. Orage: [46: 17;
242. "50 mocking birds . . . : It was Dr.
193. der Schwiegersohn: G, "the son? in? law. " After the investigation was over they started to discuss politics. It was the brother-in-law who came in on the conver- sation.
194. "Was sagt er? ": G, "What does he say? "
195. Der Jud will Geld: G, "The Jew wants money. "
210. Wd / [86:8].
have packed
Hamburg . . . :
"medicine"
: Ben?
showed . . . that
by the
192. So
Pound left Rome and traveled north? to Gais to see his daughter, Mary, who was being brought up by Mr. and Mrs. Marcher. The villagers were suspicious of an American from Italy saying he was Mary's father so they formed a committee that came to the Marcher home to ask questions. The Mar- chers were frightened of men entering with rifles [M de R. , Discretions, 190? 192].
203. Hansa: Del Mar: "far more impor? tant . . . was the Hansa established at a very
204. forged Donation . . . : The Donation o f Constantine is one of the most famous forg- eries employed in the struggles for power between the Eastern and Western empires. Written around the mid 8th century, it be~
came incorporated as a part of the Pseudo~ Isidorian Decretals and thence, in part, got into most medieval collections of canon law. The Donation purports that "Constantine the Great, reciting his baptism and the cure of his leprosy at the hands of Sylvester, Bishop of Rome 314? 336, confirmed the privilege of that pontiff as head of all the
clergy and supreme over the other four patri- archates . . . it tells how he, Constantine, re- cognized the superior dignity of the Pope by holding the bridle of his horse. . . . This reo markable document was almost universally accepted as genuine from the ninth to the fifteenth century" [Coleman, Donation, 1? 2]. Del Mar believes the forgery was the Latin bishop's attempt to wrest authority from both Charlemagne and the basileus in
the East: the documents "purported to be a donation from Constantine I, to the Bishop of Rome, of both the spiritual and temporal dominion of the western world" [Middle Ages Revisited, 200? 201].
Geld:
After
Sept. 1943
196. "Neither . . .
"gists" under the heading "LAW" says: "The right aim of law is to prevent coercion either by force or fraud" [SP, 355].
197. lI. efW1) . . . jury: H, "Athena" [87 :40j.
198. Ideogram: Tuan [M6541], "principles; doctrines. " The four basic cornerstones of Confucianism: "love, duty, propriety, wis- dom" [85:33].
199. Ideogram: Chen [M346], "upright. "
200. ataraxia: L, "undisturbed in mind or by passion. "
201. From Charlemagne's . . . : Said Pound:
211. young Windsor: [86:47].
212. Image (Selwyn): A well? known literary figure in Pound's early years in London who talked to him about Paris, "Old Verlaine," stained glass, and presumably Ruskin. In a letter home, 21 Feb. 1909, he said, "I think the Shakespears and Selwyn Image are about the most worth while out of the lot I have come across" [NS, Life, 94].
? 213. Ruskin: John R. , 1819? 1900, whose writings, such as The Political Economy of Art (1857), would be certain to interest Pound [see Robert Faulkner Casillo, "The Para11el Design in John Ruskin and Ezra Pound," Ph. D. dissertation, Johns Hopkins,
1978, University Microfilms International 78? 6240].
214. Tasso: Torquato T. , 1544? 1595, Italian poet, author of Jerusalem Delivered (1575).
fraud:
One of
Pound's
[GK,47].
. . . was Austria. . . .
we11? founded
tion,23].
specie
[Money and
. . .
sively used in
Besides furthering trade relations, the advan- tages of the coin itself were very helpful for its distribution. . . . The picture of the Em? press . . . was artistically valuable . . . . Until recently, Austria provided parts of Africa with newly minted Maria Theresia thalers, and only last year [1935] . . . they were in circulation in Abyssinia" (Maria Theresia,
347? 348; cf. 226 below].
207. The Emperor's furrow: [53:122; 86:78].
208. Antoninus: [46:42; 78:56; GK, 40-41].
209. Rock Drill: Pound took the name from a review by Wyndham Lewis entitled "The Rock. Drill," which Lewis quite likely de? rived from an Epstein sculpture [Korg, Pai, 4? 2 & 3, 301? 313].
202. Venice
tory of Venice commences with the reo- pening of the Suez route to India" After that its commerce developed because of
: Del Mar
his?
Civiliza?
said: "The
pagan Goths. . . . The
early epoch
Christian Hansa was the earliest trade cor- poration" [Del Mar, HMS, 264? 265]. The point common to all three names is that the power to issue legal tender or specie should belong to the state: "Gold was under the Pontifex" [cf. 79 above and 231 below].
206. Thalers
says: "The coin which was known as the
Belgium:
Morris
[sic] thaler trading outside
exten?
? 534
89/601-602
89/602
535
A blow on the head inflicted by an angry courtier rendered him recurrently insane and he was hospitalized for the rest of his life.
215. Kidd: Prob. Thomas Kyd, 1558? 1594, English dramatist. For alleged unorthodox religious views, he was arrested and tortured.
216. Raleigh: Sir Walter R. , 15527? 1618, English soldier, explorer, courtier, and man of letters. In and out of favor with Queen Elizabeth, he was imprisoned in the Tower in 1592. With the accession of James I, he Was persona non grata for years. Convicted of treason and sentenced to death, he was reprieved to spend over 10 years in the Tower. He was released in 1616 to make another voyage to the Oronoco in search of gold with specific instructions not to aid the cause of Savoy against Spain. But he cap- tured a Spanish town, and on his return was executed at the demand of the Spanish am? bassador who had great influence because the question of marriage between the In- fanta of Spain and James's son Charles was being explored.
217. My father . . . window: Elizabeth Ben? ton Fremont wrote: "From the balcony of our Paris house we witnessed the triumphant entry of . . . Napoleon III, as the Emperor of the French" Napoleon III had ordered that no guard should surround him on his entry, saying "If I die at the hands of an assassin, I die alone! " The problem for the police was a difficult one, but they obtained the names of all people expected to be on the route. General Fremont gave his list of names, but was surprised when uninvited guests showed up. He gave those names to the police at the last minute: "detectives were sent to guard the unbidden guests . . . and thus a delicate sHuation was safely mastered. " Said the General: "If there is to be any shooting it must not be done from my home" [Fre? mont,Recoliections 54. 56].
218. My grandfather . . . : Elizabeth B. Fre? mont (Benton's granddaughter) makes no mention of Morse or his telegraph, but Ben? ton says: "Dr.
Franklin first broached the idea of using electricity for communicating
intelligence: Professor Morse gave practical application to his idea. " And Jessie Fre? mont, Benton's daughter, wrote: "living close by were the Ellsworths, who were 'friends indeed' to Mr. Morse in the hard days when he could not get his idea of the electric telegraph launched. He was laughed at in Congress; his money gave out; his health was going, he was so worn out that his dead? white face and brilliant hollow eyes startled one. . . these ladies went among their friends whose husbands were in Con- gress and made them understand . . . and now it girdles the earth" [Jessie Fremont,
Senator Lloyd of Mass. stood ready to duel to the death. Said MVB, "The Senate at this
trol was lost. Said Del Mar: "In 1268, owing to the severity of the taxes . . . particularly the corn duties, a bread riot occurred in Venice, and though the republic was in great financial distress, the obnoxious imposts
Souvenirs, 61; 34:88].
219. "Pige? moi . . . carthaginois:
223. "on above ] .
borrowed
capital . . .
: [cf. 63
F, "Just look at the character, said old Gustav, who will paint you a Carthaginian easy chair. " "Old Gustav" is Flaubert, author of Sal-
224. Judge Marshall: [37:67].
ammbb, a roman de Carthage.
220. Henry J. had Coburn: Said Coburn: "it was my unique privilege in 1906? 1907 to provide the fron. tispieces for each of the twenty-four volumes of the collected edition of Henry James' works" [Alvin Langdon Co? burn: Photographer, 52].
221. I need add nothing . . . : Said MVB: "I entered the Senate . . . at the commence- ment of Mr. Monroe's second Presidential Term [1821]. John Gaillard, of South Caro? lina, was then, as he had been for many years, President pro tern of that body. I need add nothing to the eloquent description given of his character by Col. Benton . . . except the expression of my full concur- rence in what has been so well said" [MVB, Auto,115].
. . . : [cf. 173
225. Agamemnon: By killing a stag sacred to Diana and allowing the sacrifice of his daughter Iphigenia so that the Greeks, wind? bound at Aulis, might be freed to sail to Troy, Agamemnon himself became a "father of war. "
226. "Leave the Duke: [50:28].
227. quest'oggi: I, "this very day" [cf. 205 above]. M de R. cites these several lines about forging the thalers and says that while the village committee was questioning Pound on his return to Gais [cf. 192? 194 above], the "single dangling Thaler on the watch? chain [of the brother? in? law] shifted interest from paper money and stamp-scrip to the Thalers from Maria Theresa" [Discretions,
192].
231. Gold . . . Pontifex: Says Del Mar: "The jealous monopoly of gold coinage by the sovereign-pontiff ascends to the Achime- nides of Persia, that is to say, to Cyrus and Darius; in fact, it ascends to the Bramins of India. The Greek and Roman Republics broke it down; Caesar set it up again" [HMS,
70; cf. 79 above].
232. Bezants . . . : Bezants were
coins issued by the BasjJeus of the Eastern Empire: gold was then under the pontifex.
233. Dandolo: Enrico D. , ca. 1108? 1205, became doge of Venice in 1192. In the 4th crusade he diverted the attacking forces to Zara and then, in 1203, to Constantinople ("Stamboul"). Though old and blind, he commanded the victorious fleet. Thereafter, the coinage, which had been stable, passed into the hands of banks and merchants.
234. arab uneasiness: Between the basileus and the rulers of the Arab states bordering the Eastern Empire open conflict sometimes broke out over the coinage [97:6].
235. The forgery: [cf. 204 above].
236. Valla: Lorenzo V. , ca. 1407? /457, Ital? ian humanist and Greek scholar. His claim to fame rests on three things: (1) the exposure of the forgery; (2) the allegation that he was tortured by the Inquisition for the exposure,
222. "Good? bye
above] . A very complicated senatorial strug- gle between Randolph and both his friends and opponents developed because of the in- creasing vituperation in his speeches. This lack of temper would eventually lead to the Clay duel. Randolph himself expected not to be re? elected to the Senate. While the Senate was preparing to pass rules to curb him, he was preparing to go to England to get away from it all. At one moment of great drama,
Tazewell
moment presented a striking
tableau . . .
every Senator present
sides in the fray-when
deliberately from his place . . . and passed in front of the Chair to the door, exclaiming as he walked along, 'I will have no more of this! I am off for England! Good bye, Taze? well! Good bye Van Buren! They are all against me! . . . in Virginia tool'-and still uttering these words the doors of the Senate closed behind him" [MVB,Auto, 206? 210].
228. "Benton . . . (Randolph):
duel [88/577], R wrote to a friend: "I can- not write. I tried yesterday to answer your letter, but I could not do it. My pen choked. . . . I am all but friendless. . . . Ben? ton begins to understand and to love me. Nothing has stood in his way" [Bruce, Ran- dolph, 524? 525].
229. In Venice . . . Danzig: [cf. 203 above]. The stability of these two corporate states, Venice and the Hanseatic League, depended on their power to issue and control the mon- ey supply. With the rise of banks, that con?
. . . to take
inclining
. . . Randolph moved
After the
were repealed"
[Money and
Civili?
zation,66].
. . .
230. Alex said
ander also undertook to pay all debts in? curred by his soldiers, and to find out how many debtors there were, he invlted all who were in debt to enter their names and the amounts they owed in a register. " The sol- diers were afraid and most didn't, so Alex- ander changed the order. "He cancelled re- gistration and ordered that all debts . . . were to be paid without . . . their names in writ- ing" [Genaa/ship, 136? 137].
paid: Says Fuller:
"Alex?
Byzantine
? 536
89/602-603
89/603
537
which i$ untrue-he wasn't even imprisoned; and (3) his treatise De Voluptate-proving that he was given to paganism-which at- tacked chastity as an ideal [Coleman, Dona- tion, passim].
237. 12 to one, Roma: Says Del Mar: "From the accession of Julius to the fall of Constantinople, the ratio of value between gold and silver within the Roman empire, whether pagan or Christian, was always 1 to 12; whereas, during the same interval, it was 6 1/2 in India, as well as in the Arabian empires" [HMS, 79].
238. And the Portagoose: Said Pound: "Portagoose as SOON as got into Goa/ started uprooting spice trees/400 year ramp [age]" [letter to Denis Goacher, 10 Aug. 1954; unpublished letter to Simon Fraser University Special Collections, cat. no. 552/ 84; Watts, 256]. Afonso de Albuquerque and his Portuguese adventurers seized Goa and other territories on the west coast of India in 1510. Del Mar describes him de- basing the coinage of Goa to obtain gold. "His professed object was to relieve a local dearth of coins . . . his real one to buy the gold which he might fail to plunder, and sell it (in Portugal) at cent per cent profit"
[HMS, 388; 104:84]. 239. Orage: [46: 17;
242. "50 mocking birds . . . : It was Dr.
