, 470; ill-treatment
of Catholics among, 312 sqq.
of Catholics among, 312 sqq.
Cambridge Medieval History - v1 - Christian Roman Empire and Teutonic Kingdoms
, 458; makes &
treaty with Alaric, 262, 458; and Gildo's
revolt, 263, 458; concedes territory to
Vandals, 264; treats with the Goths, 265;
at battle of Pollentia, ib. , 460; Illyrian
schemes of, 265 sqq. , 460; waning
influence of, 268; fall and death of.
269 sq. ; 397, 462; policy of, 275, 396,
400; withdraws Roman garrisons from
the Rhine, 299; repairs coast defences of
Britain, 379; 393; importance of, as
magister utriusque militiae, 394; religious
toleration shewn by, 395; 402; uses Hun
mercenaries, 407; 408, 412, 422, 459, 461
Stirling, Gap of, Roman outposts in, 369
Stobi, Theodosius at, 243; sacked by
Theodoric, 475
Stoicism, 11
Stourton, Roman pavement at, 614
Strabo, 189, 196 sqq.
Strassburg (Argentoratum), taken by the
Alemanni (355), 66; (406), 266 sq. ; battle
of, 67 sqq. , 209 and note
Strategius, helps Procopius, 220
Strathclyde, Britons retire to, 381
Stratonicus, gladiator, represented on
526
Sopater, favourite of Constantine, 21
Sophene, Persians pass through, 72
Sorasgi, the, subdued by the Huns, 360
Sosipatra, wife of Aedesius, 100
South Kensington Museum, specimens of
early Christian art at, 603 sqq. , 612
Sozomen, historian, Church History of,
cited, 162, 527 ; abridgment of work
made by Epiphanius, 449
Sozopolis, taken by Vitalianus, 486
Spain, under Maxentius, 3; 13, 30 sq. ;
awarded to Constantine II, 56 ; passes to
Constans, 58; 59; 88; slow decay of
paganism in, 115; Creed of Constantinople
used in, 177; bishops of, meet at Elvira,
178; Kelts in, 186 ; Cimbri reach, 192;
Franks in, 202 ; Theodosius in, 235, 253;
Maximus acknowledged in, 239 ; supplies
Rome with corn, 263; saved from the
Vandals, 266 ; attacks on, 267, 400; fall
of Roman rule in, 268; 271; Vandals in,
274 sq. ; 334; Visigoths settle in, 275 sq. ;
Ataulf in, 278, 279 sqq. , 403 ; Euric's
expedition into, 283 ; waning power of
the Romans in, 305, 399, 413 sq. ; 306 ;
Magyars penetrate to, 356; 375; 393 ;
saved for Rome by Wallia, 404; 405,
407, 409; Theodoric II conquers Suevic
kingdom in, 421 sq. ; Majorian and,
423; 430; Amalaric established in, 452;
spread of monasticism in, 532 sq. ; relic
of pre-Roman times in, 546; export trade
of, 548
Spalato, Archdeacon of.
See Thomas
Sparta, 16; Goths in, 261, 457
Speier, conquered by Alemanni, 266
Spoleto, 536
Spree, River, 198
Spreewald, 187
Squillace, monastery of Cassiodorus at,
538
Staines (Pontes), Roman road through, 376
Stainmoor, Roman road over, 377
Stephen, Bishop of Antioch, plot of, 126;
disgraced and deposed, 130
medallion, 606
Studium monastery, founded, 516; under
Theodore, 529
Stuf, nephew of Cerdic, said to have
occupied the Isle of Wight, 383, 389
Styria, Roumanians in, 356
Suani, allies of Persia, attacked by Gobazes,
469
Subiaco, St Benedict at, 536 sq. , 541
Succi, Pass of (Iron Gate), 60; Julian at,
75 sq. ; 220
Sudetes, Mts, 185, 196; Teutons cross the,
197
Sudini, 196
Suebi. See Suevi
Suebi Nicretes, 189
Suevi (Suebi, Sueves), Teutonic tribes, 67,
71; invasion of, 189, 193 sq. ; retire,
195; permanent settlement of, 196 sq. ;
subdivisions of, 198; invade Gaul,
266 sq. , 393 sq. , 400; in Spain, 274,
304, 316, 400, 404, 413; receive land in
Galicia, 275, 304; 278 sq. ; defeated by
Theodoric II, 281, 421; 282 ; defeated
near Merida, 305; make alliance with
Vandals, 309; paganism of, 320; 361; in
Marcian's army, 423
Sugambri, known as Franks, 201
Suiones, mentioned by Tacitus, 184
Sulla, L. Cornelius (Felix), 28
Sulpicius Alexander, historian, cited, 295
&
## p. 747 (#777) ############################################
Index
747
as
Sulz (Solicinium ? ), possible site of defeat
of Alemanni, 209 and note
Sumere, 85
Suna, Count, and Theodoric, 448
Sunno, leader of the Franks, raid of, 243,
256 ; gives hostages, 244, 256 ; 295
Sunuci, Teutonic tribe, 188
Surenas, Persian general, 85
Surrey, probably never formed a separate
kingdom, 389
Sussex, Roman villas in, 375; Saxon
settlement of, 382; kingdom of, 389
Sweden, Teutons early settled in, 183 sq. ;
scene of Beowulf laid partly in, 386; rock-
carvings in, 387
Swindon, site of early battle near, 389
Switzerland, La Tène civilisation in, 187
Syagrius, Frankish prince, given up by
Alaric II, 285; 299
Syagrius, son of Aegidius, known
383 sq.
" Roman king of Soissons,” 425
Sylvester I, Bishop of Rome, 8, 12, 151 ;
builds St Peter's, 611
Sylvia, St. See Etheria
Symmachus, Bishop of Rome, 159 ; dis-
puted election of, 449; tried and acquitted,
449 sq. ; tolerant to the Arians, 453
Syınmachus, Q. Aurelius, cited, 37, 67,
576; leads pagan party in Rome, 115;
116; leads pagan embassy to Gratian,
238; ambassador to Valentinian II, 240;
friend of Eugenius, 246 ; described in
the Saturnalia, 571 ; letters of, 572; and
the arena, 594 ; marriage diptych of
daughter of, 604
Symmachus, patrician, father-in-law of
Boethius, and Theodoric, 444, 448; put
to death, 453
Symmachus, official of Theodoric, 454
Synesius of Cyrene, Bishop of Ptolemais,
studies under Hypatia, 116; The
Egyptians or On Providence of, 264 ;
candidature supported by Theophilus of
Alexandria, 490; Neoplatonist views of,
578; and divination, 580
Syr, River, 323
Syria, Christians in, 6; 16; 19; 62 ; 82;
88 sq. , 107, 121; and Nestorian heresy,
132; and the question of Meletius, 141;
161; Monophysites of, 170; 213; Valens
in, 219, 225; 248; Huns invade, 261,
456; Scythians invade, 354 ; Isaurian
robbers in, 461; Arabs invade, 464, 468,
472, 482 ; Celer in, 482 sq. ; revolt in,
513 sq. ; becomes Monophysite, 519;
growth of asceticism in, 526; peculiar
features of monachism in, 527 ; abuse
of monasticism in, 529; nuns in, 531;
534 sq. , 548; early churches in, 609
Syrians, and the Roman Empire, 544 ;
retain their native language, 545
Syrus, Roman officer, 244, 256
Tabraca, Gildo killed at, 264
Tacitus, Cornelius, historian, 1; cited,
24 sq. , 184, 197, 292 sqq. , 371 sqq. ,
Tacitus, M. Claudius, Emperor, 6, 25; and
the Goths, 206
Tadjiks, of Ferghana, 348
Taghlibi, the, defeated, 481
Taieni, the, 84
Taifali, in Black Sea region, 203; in the
Banat, 205 ; fight the Vandals, 206; de.
feated by Constantine II, 211; plunder
Roman provinces, 216; defeated by
Saturninus, 233
Talis, Mother, superior of convent at
Antinöe, 531
Tall Brothers, the, flee to Chrysostom, 491;
appeal to Eudoxia, 492; at synod of
Chalcedon, 493
Tampsapor, satrap, 71
Tamuraye, eastern tribe, attack Persia, 483
Tanis, 167
Tarasicodissa. See Zeno
Tarentum, gulf of, 561
Tarifa (Julia Traducta), Vandals embark at,
305
Tarim, River, 323
Tarquins, the, 22
Tarraco. See Tarragona
Tarraconensis, Ataulf settles in, 278;
Goths hold, 287; plundered by Sueves,
309
Tarragona (Tarraco), taken by the Franks,
202
Tarragona, Bishop of. See Himerius
Tarsus, 19; Constantias falls ill at, 76;
Julian intends to fix his court at, 81;
Julian buried at, 86, 219; centre of
learning at, 88; Pap a prisoner at, 231 ;
Verina at, 476, 478; Leontius crowned
at, 478; 480
Tarsus, Bishop of. See Diodorus
Tartars, food of the, 339 sqq. ; methods of
warfare, 347, 351; beauty of present type
of, 355
Tatianus, nominee of Aspar for praefecture,
469
Taunus, Mt, 186 note; Suebi near, 194
Taurisci, allied with the Romans, 192
Taurus, Mt, 6, 16, 18, 121, 134, 242, 480
Taurus, suburb of Constantinople, trium-
phal column erected in, 255
Taygetus, Mt, 16
Tebeste, 263
Tectosages, destruction of the, 197
Tekke-Turkomans, raids of, 348
Temes, River, 205
Tempe, Vale of (Valley of the Peneus).
Peneus
Temple at Jerusalem (Solomon's), vessels
of, taken from Rome by the Vandals, 308,
421
Tencteri, Teutonic tribe, invasion of, 189,
194 sq. ; location of, 198
Tentyra (Denderah), home of Palaemon in,
Tabennisi, first Pachomian monastery at,
524; nunnery at, 530
## p. 748 (#778) ############################################
748
Index
523; first Pachomian monastery near,
524
Terentius, Roman officer, accompanies Pap
to Armenia, 225; restores Sauromaces,
226; reports unfavourably of Pap, 231
Terouenne, Vandals at, 266
Terracina, monastery founded at, 541
Tertullian (Quintus Septimius Florens Ter-
tullianus), theories of, 118, 574; cited,
149, 164, 172, 532, 554 sq. ; and heathen
books, 570
Tervingi, tribe of Goths, 203; 206, 210;
submit to Rome, 211, 213; oppose the
Huns, 215; besiege Marcianople, 216
Teuriscans, Keltic tribe of northern Hun.
gary, 188
Teutones, 189 sqq. ; defeated by the
Romans, 193
Teutons, the, 124; earliest known history
of, 183; Iron Age among, 184; affinity
with neighbouring races, 185 sq. ; expan-
sion of, 187 sqq. ; checked, 190; in con-
tact with Rome, 191 sq. ; begin to over-
run Gaul, 194; Augustus and, 195;
settlements in Mid-Europe of, 197; over.
run Roman provinces, 199 sq. ; 202; and
waste coast of Asia Minor, 204; in Dacia
and Moesia, 205 s sq. ; defeated by Claudius,
206; helped by Carausius, 207; revolt
against Magnentius, 208; defeated by
Constantine II, 211; victorious over
Valens, 216 sq. , 250 sq. ; hold high
offices in Thessalonica, 256; in army of
Theodosius, 259; do bomage to Honorius,
260; unrest among, 264; 267; in Rome,
272; in Spain, 274 sq. ; relations with
Romans, 275 sq. ; in the Danube basin,
361; allied with Rome, 398; in Britain, 546
Texuandri, Teutonic tribe, 188
Thalassius, Bishop of Caesarea in Cappa-
docia, assessor at the Latrocinium, 505;
condemned by Council of Chalcedon,
508 sq. ; pardoned, 509
Thalassius, praetorian praefect, 63
Thames, archaeological discoveries in valley
of, 388; 389; early Christian relics found
in, 614
Thebaid, the, Longinus in, 480; 502; 581
Thebes, Alaric fails to take, 457
Theiss, River, campaign of Constantius on,
71; 211; 264; headquarters of Attila
Thela, son of Odovacar, sent as hostage to
Theodoric, 440; slain, ib.
Themistius, Court orator, 237
Theodahad, nephew of Theodoric the Great,
and Amalasuntha, 454 sq.
Theodemir, King of the Ostrogoths, father
of Theodoric, warden of the marches,
437; settles in Pannonia, 468; attacks
Eastern and Western Empires, 471 ; death,
Theodora, stepdaughter of Maximian,
marries Constantius, 2; her sons, 3, 22
sq.
Theodore, Bishop of Mopsuestia, com-
mentator, 156; friendship with Chry-
sostom, 491, 496; teacher of Nestorius,
496; 498; Cyril fails to obtain condem-
nation of, 502; real founder of Nestorian.
ism, 514 ; works studied at Nisibis, 519;
rationalism of, 579
Theodore, abbot of the Studium, 529
Theodoret, Bishop of Cyrus, Historia Re.
ligiosa of, cited, 147, 175, 526 sq. ;
abridgment of work made by Epiphanius,
449; and the Nestorian controversy, 498
sq. , 502; accused by Dioscorus, 504;
absent from Latrocinium, 505; deprived,
ib. ; 506; at Council of Chalcedon, 507
sqq. ; reinstated, 510, 512; 513
Theodoric I, King of the Visigoths, succeeds
Wallia, 278; attacks Arles, 279, 408;
treachery to Rome, 279; alliance with
Gaiseric, ib. , 307; killed in battle with
the Huns, 280, 416; 281; free election of,
289; 364; 411
Theodoric II, King of the Visigoths, on
campaign against the Huns, 280; policy
of alliance with Rome, 281; changes
policy, 282; 283, 289; education of, 291,
421; 292; and Avitus, 421; conquers
Suevic kingdom in Spain, 421; defeated
by Majorian, 423; opposes Aegidius, 424;
murdered, 427
Theodoric the Great, King of the Ostrogoths,
his government of Italy, 1; compared
with Trajan and Valentinian, 230; policy
compared with Ataulf's, 277; mediates
between Franks and Visigoths, 285, 484;
makes alliance with the Vandals, 313;
death, 314, 454; 435 sq. ; parentage and
early years, 437, 469 ; made consul and
patrician, 438; invades Italy, ib. ; de-
feats Odovacar, 439, 479; and the Church,
439; 449 sq. ; treachery to Odovacar,
440; and Anastasius, ib. , 483; position
in Italy, ib. ; maintains the Roman
government, 441; appoints Romans only
as officials, 442; and the Roman Senate,
443; and the Arian schism, 444; and the
consulship, 445; administration, 445 sqq. ;
restores ancient buildings, 448; foreign
policy of, 451; marries Audefleda, ib. ;
known as Dietrich of Bern, 452; extent
of dominion, ib. ; cruelty of, 452 sqq. ;
sends embassy to Justin I, 454; work,
ib. ; accession, 471; made magister mili-
tum, 474; campaign in Macedonia, 475;
negotiates with Zeno, 476; holds offices,
Theodoric, son of Triarius (Theodoric
Strabo), chief of the Thracian Goths,
helps Basiliscus, 437, 474; intrigues with
and against Theodoric the Anal, 437 sq. ,
475; death, 438, 477; supports Aspar,
470; joined by Aspar's guards, 471; made
magister militum, 471; negotiates with
Zeno, 474 sq. ; aids Marcian, 476; at.
tacks Zeno, 477
near, 365
477 sq.
ib.
## p. 749 (#779) ############################################
Index
749
CO-
Theodorus, imperial notary, conspires
against Valens, 226; 229, 235
Theodosian house, extinction of, 395, 399,
419; clericalism of, 407; question of
succession, 418; loyalty of Stilicho and
Aëtius to, 422; 438; Juliana as repre-
sentative of, 485
Theodosiopolis, fortress of, built, 466;
sacked by Persians, 481; retaken, ib.
Theodosius I, the Great, Emperor, 1, 5, 19,
27; bis treatment of the Christian Church,
113, 126; made co-emperor, 140, 235,
253; and the Council of Constantinople,
141 sq. ; orthodoxy of, 166; defeats Sar-
matians, 229, 253; subdues the Goths,
236 sq. ; recognises Maximus as
emperor, 238 sq. , 255; treats with
Sapor III, 240 ; his treatment of Antioch,
241 sq. , 592; victory over Maximus, 243;
and the massacre at Thessalonica, 244 sq. ,
257 ; penance of, 245; victorious at the
Frigidus, 247, 259, 393; death, 247, 259;
work and character, 247 sqq. ; legislation
of, 248; 256; defeated on the Maritza,
258 ; 259 sqq. ; policy towards Stilicho,
394; extinction of line of, 395, 399; 423 ;
judicial proceedings under, 563; 565 sq. ;
laws of, against magic, 580
Theodosius II, Emperor of the East, code
Chrysostom, 461, 492 sqq. ; difficulties of
position, 489; character, 489 sq. ; calls
synod, 490; and the Tall Brothers, 491;
letter of Innocent I to, 494 ; 513
Theophilus, Gothio bishop, 13
Theophilus, governor of Syria, murdered,
62 sq.
3
of, 52, 230, 392, 397, 399, 412, 465, 556,
564; 113; accession, 268, 462; 269; and
the Huns, 362 sqq. , 414, 433; death, 364,
414, 467 sq. ; 506; minority, 396; 406;
contemplates uniting Empires of East and
West, 407; treats with Valentinian III,
412; treats with Gaiseric, 413; family
pride of, 418; 419, 432; 456, 460; educa.
tion, 462; marries Eudocia, 463 sq. ;
makes treaty with Persia, 464; and the
usurper John, 465; supports Valentinian
III, ib. ; 466, 470 sq. ; and the Nestorian
controversy, 495, 498 sqq. ; and the
Council of Ephesus, 500 sq. ; religious
intrigues at court of, 502; 504; upholds
decisions of the Robber Council, 505 sq. ;
511; discus of, 547; land law under, 561;
590
Theodosius, archimandrite of the cenobia of
Palestine, 529
Theodosius, Count, father of Theodosius
the Great, restores order in Britain, 223
sq. , 378; defeats the Alemanni, 224;
225; in Africa, 228; executed, ib. ; 229;
230
Theodosius, monk, set up as bishop in
Jerusalem,512; imprisoned, ib. ; released,
ib.
Theodosius, prince of the Theodosian house,
opposes Constantine the usurper, 267
Theodosius, infant son of Atauli, 278, 403
Theodric, King of Bernicia, 391
Theolaifus, Roman officer, 77
Theopaschite, the, version of Peter Mongus,
518
Theophilus, Bishop of Alexandria, and
Theophilus, citizen of Antioch, 608
Theophrastus, 98
Thermantia, daughter of Stilicho, marries
Honorius, 268; sent back to Serena, 270
Thermopylae, Pass of, seized by Alaric,
261, 457; Huns reach, 363, 414
Thessalonica, 141; attacked by Teutons,
206; saved by Theodosius from the Goths,
236; 237; Valentinian II takes refuge at,
242; massacre at, 244, 257; 245; head-
quarters of Theodosius at, 253; import-
ance of Teutons in, 256; Valentinian III
proclaimed at, 465; tumult at, 475
Thessalonica, Bishops of. See Acholius,
Rufus.
Thessaly, Goths in, 237, 253; Alaric in,
260, 457; Huns in, 363; Theodoric in,
477; plundered by Slavs, 483
Theudegotha, daughter of Theodoric,
marries Sigismund, 451
Thian Shan Mts, 323
Thilsaphata, 85
Thisbe, town in Boeotia, conditions of land
tenancy in, 562
Thomas, Archdeacon of Spalato, cited, 359
Thomas of Marga, Book of the Governors of,
cited, 527
Thorismud, son of Theodoric I, succeeds
his father, 280, 416; policy of, 281, 421;
assassinated, ib. ; 289; 427
Thorsbjaerg, bog-deposits at, 385 sq.
Thrace, under Licinius,3,7; 17, 31; awarded
to Constans, 56; surrendered to Con.
stantius, 58; 75; Julian reaches, 76 sq. ;
137; Bastarnae in, 191, 206; Goths in,
204, 213, 252, 465; 205; 215; held by
Teutons, 216, 250; 220; disturbances
among miners in, 233; Theodosius com-
mands in, 235 sq. ; colonies of Goths in,
237, 239; 253, 255; attacked by Visi.
goths, 257, 456 ; Gainas in, 263; ravaged
by Huns, 414, 458, 464, 467; 460; Huns
settled in, 468; disturbances in, 470;
Theodorio, son of Triarius, and, 471, 475,
477 ; 478; incursion of barbarians into,
480; 481; Bulgarian raids in, 483 ;
bishops of, at Council of Chalcedon, 508
Thracians, allied with the Bastarnae, 191 ;
and the Roman Empire, 544
Thrasamund, King of the Vandals, reign of,
313; treatment of Catholics by, ib. , 321;
318; patron of architecture, 322; marries
Amalafrida, 313, 451
Thraustila, murderer of Valentinian III,
419
Thucydides, 103
Thunor, the Thunder-God of Teutonio
mythology, 386
## p. 750 (#780) ############################################
750
Index
Thuringi, 189
Thuringia, the Kelts in, 187; flight of
Childeric to, 298
Thuringian Forest, 186 note, 187
Thyatira, battle of, 221
Ti (Tiw), god of Teutonic mythology, 386
Tiber, River, 4, 8; blockaded by Goths,
271; the Vandals in, 421; 429; trang.
port of corn on, 551; 575
Tiberius Claudius Nero Caesar, Emperor,
25, 31; military successes of, 195 sq. ;
and Britain, 368
Ticinum. See Pavia
Tigisis, Bishop of. See Secundus
Tigris, River, 57 sq. ; 74; Sapor retreats
from, 76; 81 sqq. ; 88; 458
Tigurini, tribe of Helveti, join the Teutonic
migrants, 192; retreat from Italy, 193
Timagenes, quoted by Ammianus, 188
Timasius, Roman officer, 243; made general.
in-chief, 246; banished, 457
Timostratus, duke of Osrhoene, defeats
Persians, 482
Timotheus, Bishopof Constantinople, neutral
position of, 518
Timothy, set over Asia, 156
Timothy, Bishop of Alexandria, 166
Timothy Salophaciolus, Bishop of Alexan.
dria, appointed, 513; death, 516
Timothy, called Aelurus, Monophysite in.
truder into see of Alexandria, expelled by
Leo I, 469; influence on Basiliscus, 473;
installed, 512; character, 512 sq. ; driven
out, 513; returns to see, ib. , 515; death,
516
Tingitian Mauretania, assigned to Vandals,
307
Tiridates, King of Armenia, 22
Tiro, Prosper, cited, 365, 409, 417
Titianus, envoy of Magnentius, 61
Titus, set over Crete, 156
Titus Flavius Sabinus Vespasianus, Emperor,
and the vessels of Solomon's Temple, 308,
421
Tobol, River, 324
Tolbiacum. See Zülpich
Toledo, Councils of, 533, 596
Tome of Pope Leo I, 505 8qq. ; approved by
Council of Chalcedon, 509; condemned by
Basiliscus, 515; Acoemetae and, 516; 517
Tomi, attacked by Teutons, 206; battle
Tournai, 243, 256; Vandals at, 266; and
the Salian Franks, 297 sq. ; tomb of
Childerio at, 299
Tours, Vandals at, 266; relieved by Aëtius,
410
Tours, Bishops of. See Gregory, Martin
Toutoni, doubtful identity of, 189 sq.
Toxandria, Salian Franks in, 69, 296
Toygeni, tribe of Helveti, join the Teutons,
192
Traditores, name applied to those who
surrendered the scriptures, 11. See
Donatists
Trajan, Count, commands expedition to the
East, 226; against the Goths, 233 sq. ;
slain at Hadrianople, 235, 251
Trajan (M. Ulpius Trajanus), Emperor,
correspondence with Pliny, cited, 24 sqq. ,
30; 551, 553 sq. ; Julian rebuilds fortress
of, 69; canal of, 83; 230; plants Roman
colonists in Dacia, 357; 462; and trade
guilds, 551
Tralles, early Christians of, 146 sq.
Trans-Caspia, climate of, 324
Transylvania, the barbarians in, 205; Goths
take refuge in, 213, 215, 232, 254, 260;
356 sq.
Trapezus, sacked by Borani, 204
Trasaric, Gepid chief, and Theodoric, 451
Trebizond, 16
Trent, River, 367, 369, 372; archaeological
discoveries in valley of, 388 ; kingdom of
Mercia includes valley of, 390
Trentino, Odovacar supported by barbarians
of, 434
Treveri, Keltic tribe, 188, 194
Trèves. See Trier
Triarius, Gothic chief, 470
Tribigild, Gothic leader, rebellion of, 262,
458; joins Gainas, 459; killed, 460
Triboeci, Teutonic tribe, settle in Gaul, 193,
195
Trioca, Bishop of. See Heliodorus
Trier (Trèves), Athanasius at, 128, 534;
Valentinian at, 209 note, 223 sqq. ; death
of Pancratius at, 228; Gratian at, 230,
235; Maximus at, 242; Arbogast at, 244;
Vandals at, 266; taken by Franks, 299;
411; 546
Trier, Bishop of. See Paulinus
Trigetius, imperial agent, arranges a treaty
with the Vandals, 306
Tripolis, Austoriani invade province of, 227;
retained by Rome at the subdivision, 307;
Moorish tribes in, assert their independ.
ence, 313; declares for Rome against the
Vandals, 315; 426
Tripolitana, 316; annexed by Gaiseric, 422
Trisagion, Monophysite addition to, causes
riots, 484 sq. ; Peter the Fuller's addition
to, 514; 518
Trivulzio Collection at Milan, ivories in,
near, 233
Tortona, Majorian defeated and killed near,
424
Totila, King of the Ostrogoths, visits St
Benedict, 537
Toulouse, saved by the bishop from the
Vandals, 266; taken by Ataulf, 277,
402; Romans defeated at, 279; becomes
Gothic capital, 281 sqq. , 404 sq. ; Lex
Romana Visigothorum published at, 286;
287; Arians in kingdom of, 291 ; Litorius
defeated at, 411; Avitus at, 421; 427
Toulouse, Bishops of. Sée Exuperius,
Rhodanius
604 sq.
Trocundes, brother of Illus, sent against
Zeno, 473; joins Zeno, ib. ; captures
## p. 751 (#781) ############################################
Index
751
Ugrian race and language, 355
Ublans, the, 347
Uldin, chief of the Huns, kills Gaïnas, 263,
460; helps Stilicho at Faesulae, 265 sq.
Ulfila (Vulfila), Gothic bisho life of,
212 sq. ; form of name of, 212 note; 392
Ulm, 452
Ulpian (Domitius Ulpianus), jurist, 31, 35;
89; cited, 562
Umbria, Heraclian in, 402
Unitarians, the, 124
Unstrut, River, 187
Ural Mts, early inhabitants of, 341
Ural-Altaic language, with its branches,
333
Urbicius, chamberlain, plots against Illus,
475; and Ariadne, 479
Uriconium. See Wroxeter
Urien, British king, 391
Ursacius, Pannonian bishop, 128; recants
charges against Athanasius, 130; at
Council of Sirmium, 132, 133
Ursatius, magister officiorum under Valen.
tinian, offends the Alemanni, 222
Ursicinus, general, 19, 72
Ursinus, anti-pope, elected bishop of Rome,
153, 155; faction-fight in Rome con.
cerning, 173
Ursulus, treasurer, put to death, 79
Urugundi, in Black Sea region, 203 ; at war
with East Goths, 206
Usipetes, Teutonic tribe, invasion of, 189,
2
Marcian, 476; made magister militum,
477; captured and beheaded, 478
Troilus, sophist, adviser of Anthemius,
462
Troitsk, Kirghiz in the steppes of, 335
Trojans, the, Franks said to be descendants
of, 293
Tropaeum Traiani. See Adamelissi
Troy, 16, 293, 576
Troyes, 66; Attila at, 280, 364, 416 and
note
Tubantes, location of the, 198; Romans
repulse attack of, 208
Tufa, Odovacar's lieutenant, double treachery
of, 439
Tuisco, earth-born god, Germans descended
from, 292
Tulingi, Germanio origin of, 189; join the
Helveti, 194; ask help of Euric, 284
Tullius Menophilus, Procurator of Lower
Moesia, subsidises the Goths, 203
Tungri, Teutonic tribe, succeed to territory
of Eburones, 188 sq.
Tungritani Juniores, regiment, won by
Procopius, 220
Turan, use of the dromedary in, 331; 349
Turcilingi, settled in the Danube basin,
361; 434
Turfan, oases of, 327
Turin, fight near, 4; 66; 277
Turkestan, oases infrequent in, 324; dele-
terious effects of climate in, 325; (Chinese),
327; nomad peasantry of, 328; prehistorio
inhabitants of, 329; 332 sq. ; condition of
the Sarts in, 352
Turkomans, the, scarcity of horses among,
331; 335 sq. ; food of, 339; predatory
habits, 347 sq. ; appearance and charac-
ter, 352
Turko-Tartars, the, 335; food of, 339
sqq. ; marriage, 342; 343; burial customs,
347
Turks, the (Osmans), invasions of Europe
by, 18, 328; (West) empire of, 328;
(Osmans) flee from the Mongols, 328;
personal appearance, 332; 334
Tuscany, King Marcomir exiled to, 260;
Alaric in, 271; Ataulf in, 399; land tax
levied on Goths in, 446
Tweed, River, 368
Tyana, Bishop of. See Anthimus
Tyne, River, Hadrian's Wall from, 368;
Roman road by, 377
Typicon, code of rules for monks, 529
Tyras, plundered by barbarians, 203; 204
Tyre, home of Ulpian, 89; Council of,
128 sq. ; 166; (Old) abandoned, 457 ;
linen and purple trade of, 548; plan of
church built at, 611
Tyre, Bishop of. See Irenaeus
Tyrol, the, 452
Tyrrhenian Sea, the, hermits settle on the
islands of, 531
Tzani, raids of, 467, 481
Tzurta, Romans defeated at, 483
194 sq.
Usipii, location of the, 198
Usk, River, Roman road by, 377
Uskub. See Scupi
Utrecht, 377
Utus (Wid), River, Romans defeated on,
363
Uzbegs, the, 334
Vadomar, a prince of the Alemanni, 65, 68;
captured and banished, 74; 209; com.
mands expedition to the East, 226
Vagobanta. See Bagavan
Vaison, second Council of, extends right of
preaching, 163; canons of first Council
of, 567
Valence, Constantine the usurper at, 267 ;
Ataulf at, 401; Alans settled at, 413
Valens, Pannonian bishop, 128 ; recants
charges against Athanasius, 130; at
Council of Sirmium, 132, 133
Valens, Emperor, 19; suppresses pagan
worship, 112; favours the Arians, 126,
166 ; influenced by Eudoxius, 137; and
St Basil, 138; 139; divides Cappadocia,
168; at war with the Goths, 213; pro-
tects Fritigern, 214 ; and the Goths, 215,
232; is chosen co-emperor, 219; starts
for the East, 220; crusbes rebellion of
Procopius, 221; begins campaign against
the Goths, 221 sq. ; advances on Persia,
225; policy in Armenia and Hiberia,
225 sq. ; 231; fails to carry out terms of
## p. 752 (#782) ############################################
752
Index
treaty with Goths, 232 sq. , 250; sends
reinforcements against Goths, 233; man.
euvres of, 234; defeated and slain, 140,
210, 216, 235, 251; character of, 235,
254, 467; coloni under, 559; persecutes
magicians, 581; 590
Valens, general to Licinius, 7
Valens, Roman general, defeated by Alaric,
271 ; promoted by Attalus, 272
Valentia (Valentinia), province of Britain,
created by Theodosius, 223, 378
Valentinia. See Valentia
Valentinian I, Emperor, 68; toleration of
religions by, 97, 137, 594 ; work of, 137,
222; character, 137, 219, 229 sq. ; and
the Alemanni, 209; improves defences of
the Rhine, 209; 213; early career, 218;
220; on western frontier, 221; in Gaul,
223 sqq. ; state of the Empire under,
227 sq. ; death, 228 sq. ; appearance,
229 sq. ; system of government, 230, 565;
231, 233, 235, 237, 248; Frankish legend
of, 293 ; district of Britain named after,
378; coloni under, 559; persecutes ma-
gicians, 581
Valentinian II, Emperor, succeeds his father,
228, 231; begins personal rule, 239;
escapes machinations of Maximus, ib. ;
refuses to restore altar of Victory, 240;
treats with barbarians, 241; flees to
Thessalonica, 242; is restored to power,
243; visits Rome, 244; death, 245 sq. ,
258, 260 ; land law under, 561 ; judicial
proceedings under, 563 ; 565 ; 595
Valentinian III, Emperor of the West,
murdered, 281, 418, 419 and note, 420;
treats with Gaiseric, 306 sqq. , 413; 310 ;
382; 394 ; murders Aëtius, 395, 418;
396; and the Senate, 397; 398 eq. ; birth,
404; banished, 406; accession, 407, 465;
defeats John, 407 sq. , 465; marries
Eudoxia, 412, 465 sq. ; 415; and Attila,
417; 421, 424; and Marcellinus, 425 ;
442, 468; summons Council of Ephesus,
500; and Pope Leo, 506; 591
Valentinus, revolt of, 223 sq.
Valentinus, citizen of Selga, leads a force
against Tribigild, 458
Valeria, wife of Galerius, 15
Valerian, Emperor, and the Goths, 204 ;
205 note ; 207
Valerian, son of Gallienus, assassinated,
201
Valerius, Bishop of Hippo, and the ordina-
tion of St Augustine, 153; 162
Vandals, the, 19; early settlements of, 185,
196; 202; at war with Tervingi, 206;
raids of, 235; Gratian drives back, 253;
Stilicho concedes territory to, 264 ; invade
Italy, 265 sq. ; invade Gaul, 266, 394,
400; in Spain, 274 sq. , 304 sq. , 400 ;
in Africa, 276 ; 278 sq. , 282 ; treatment
of subject race by, 287 ; growing maritime
power of, 305; take Carthage, 306, 465;
devastate Sicily, 306; settle in Africa, 307,
411; take and plunder Rome, 308, 421 ;
seize Roman provinces, 309; attack the
Eastern Empire, 310; destroy the im-
perial fleet, 311, 423 sq.
, 470; ill-treatment
of Catholics among, 312 sqq. ; depose
Hilderic, 314 ; constitution of the African
kingdom of, 316 sq. ; army and navy,
318; laws, 319; officials, 320; clergy,
ib. ; culture of, 321 sq. ; growth of luxury
among, 321; lack of artistic power, 322;
358, 362; and Stilicho, 394 ; 393, 395,
403 ; defeated by Wallia, 404 ; 406; defeat
Boniface, 409; treaty of Aëtius with, 411,
419; Eastern and Western Empires
combine against, 412; 413, 415; 420 ;
defeated by Ricimer, 422; 425 ; defeat
attempt on Carthage, 426 ; 465, 467 ; and
Marcian, 468; 471; make peace with
Rome, 472; 518; destroy early monachism
of Africa, 535
Vangiones, Teutonic tribe, settle in Gaul,
193, 195
Vannius, King of the Suebi, domain of, 197
Varad, Canon of. See Rogerius
Varangians in Russia, 349
Varia of Cassiodorus, the, 444
Varini, early settlements of, 185, 198
Varronianus, son of Jovian, 86
Varus, P. Quintilius, 45
Vatican, the, sarcophagi at, 602
Vechten (Fectio), near Utrecht, Roman
troops shipped at, 377
Veliocasses, 192
Venantius Fortunatus, Bishop of Poitiers,
poet, 449
Venedi (Veneti), Slavonic tribes, 184
Venetia, held by barbarians, 264; Alario
demands cession of, 271; ravaged by
Huns, 417
Venice, foundation of, 364, 417
Venonae. See High Cross
Venta Belgarum. See Winchester
Venta Icenorum, See Caister
Venta Silurum. See Caerwent
Venus, 95; Julian revives worship of, 107;
temple of, at Rome, 608
Vercellae (Vercelli), 193
Vercelli, Bishop of. See Eusebius
Verenianus, prince of the Theodosian house,
opposes Constantine the usurper, 267; is
executed, 271
Verina, wife of Leo I, intercedes for Aspar,
470; arranges for accession of Zeno, 472;
conspires against Zeno, 473; niece of,
marries Nepos, 474; attempts life of
Illus, 475; is sent to Tarsus, 476 ; be-
comes & deaconess, ib. ; Illus refuses to
recall, 477 ; crowns Leontius, 478; death,
ib. ; her body transferred to Constanti.
nople, 479; 515
Verona, taken by Constantine, 4; besieged
by Alaric, 265; Odovacar retreats to,
439; Theodoric's buildings at, 448; 453
Verturiones, tribes of Picts, pillage Britain,
223
## p. 753 (#783) ############################################
Index
753
Theodorio secures Septimania for, 452;
in Moesia, 456
Visions of Hermas. See the Shepherd
Vistula, early peoples near the, 184 sq. ,
190, 197 sq. , 202, 207, 361
Vita Aureliani, of Vopiscus, cited, 295
Vita Lupi, cited, 297
Vitalianus, rebellion of, 485 sq.
Vitalianus, Roman general, 254
Vitianus, general, defeats the Arabs, 464
Vivianus, made praefect by Leo I, 469 ;
475
Vlakhs, 356 sqq.
Volcae, 185 note, 192
Volcae Tectosages. See Tectosages
Volga, River, 214 sq. ; neighbourhood de-
vastated by Chinghiz Khan, 350
Vopiscus, Vita Aureliani of, cited, 295
Vortemir, son of Vortigern, resists the
Jutes, 382
Vortigern (Wyrtgeorn), and the English
invaders, 380 sqq.
Vosges, Mts, 193, 367
Vouglé or Vouillé (Campus Vocladensis),
battle of, 286, 452
Vram Shapuh of Armenia, 458
Verulamium. See St Albans
Verus, L. Aurelius, and the German in.
vasion, 199
Vespasian (T. Flavius Sabinus Vespasianus),
Emperor, 17; law of, 25; 26, 39, 543
Vestralp, Frankish chief, defeated by Julian,
209
Vetera, refortified by Julian, 209
Vetranio, opposes Magnentius, 59; joins
Constantius, 60
Via Portuensis, Vandals on, 308
Victor, Count, assassinates Nepos, 436
Victor, Flavius, son of Maximus, sent on
embassy to Valentinian II, 239; killed,
243, 256
Victor, Julian's general, 83; envoy to
Persia, 231; brings news of Hadrianople
to Gratian, 235
Victorinus, C. Marius, of Rome, Christian
teacher, 104, 172
Victorinus, usurper, 71
Victorius, Gothic general, successful in
Gaul, 283
Victors (Victores), in Roman army, 220 ;
sent to Britain, 223
Viotovali, 195, 198; invade Roman pro-
vinces, 199; in Transylvania, 205
Vicus Augusti, Theodosius at, 236
Vienne, Julian at, 66, 74; Florentius at,
73; church of, 164; Valentinian at, 245,
258; Constans put to death at, 274
Viennensis, Gothic rule in, 287
Vi in Fyen, bog. deposit at, 385
Viminacium in Dacia, 56; taken by Huns,
362
Vindelicia, Vandals receive land in, 264
Virgil (Publius Vergilius Maro), Augustine
and the poems of, 116; Christian teach-
ing introduced into Aeneid of, 570; 571 sq.
Viroconium. See Wroxeter
Virunum, Alaric at, 268
Visigoths (Vesegoti), 203; raids of, 204 sq. ;
introduction of Christianity among, 212;
revolt of, 213; ask admission to Roman
territory, 231, 250; at war with Rome,
234 sq. , 250 sqq. , 256; attack Thrace,
257 ; at the battle of the Frigidus, 259;
march on Constantinople, 260, 456;
settled in Spain and Gaul, 276, 393; in
Gaul, 277, 399, 411; oppose the Huns,
280, 416; 281 sq. ; defeated by Clovis,
286 ;
customs and organisation of,
287 sqq. ; culture of, 291 sq. ; Arianism
of, ib. ; 298, 308; acknowledge Majorian,
309; 358, 361, 364 ; 394; policy of
Constantius to, 405, 430; mercenaries
serve against Boniface, 409; Placidia
seeks support of, 411; hostility to Vandals,
415, join Romans against Huns, 416;
Aëtius' treatment of, 418; 420; and
Avitus, 421; 422; defeated by Majorian,
423 ; allied with Ricimer, 424; defeated
by Aegidius, 425; take possession of
Gaul, 427; 429 sq. ; acquire Narbonne,
436; assist Theodoric the Great, 439, 484 ;
Waag, River, 197
Waal, River, pirates on, 223
Wady Natron. See Nitria
Walamir, King of the Ostrogoths in Pan.
nonia, ally of Attila, 361; settles in
Pannonia, 468; killed in battle, 469
Walohen (Walbås, Walhós), 185 note
Waldhere, 386
Wales, 367; Roman conquest of, 368 sq. ;
Roman roads in, 376 sq. ; Britons retire
to, 381
Wall, village by Lichfield (Letocetum), on
Watling Street, 376
Wall. See Roman Wall
Wallacbia (Great), Visigoths in, 205
Wallia, King of the Goths, makes alliance
with Rome, 278, 404; 289; defeats the
Silingian Vandals and the Alani, 278,
304, 404; 305; recovers great part of
Spain for Rome, 404; settles in Aqui.
tanica Secunda, 404 sq. ; 409; uncle of
Ricimer, 422, 424
War against Gildo, by Claudian, 264
Warahran. See Bahram
Warni, ask help of Euric, 284
Wartha, River, 187, 198
Warwickshire, Roman villas in, 375; king-
dom of Hwicce includes part of, 390
Wash, the, coast defence of, 378
Watling Street, course of, 376
Weitbruch, 68
Wermund, legendary Teutonic king, 384
Weser, River, Keltic names near, 186 and
note, 187 and note; Germanic tribes
settled on, 191, 198
Wessex, Saxon settlement of, 382; tra-
ditional origin of royal family of, 384 ;
kingdom of, 389 sqq.
## p. 754 (#784) ############################################
754
Index
370;
York (Eburācum), death of Constantius at,
3; Roman fortress at, 369; Roman town,
Roman civilisation in the vale of,
372; foundation of, 373; Roman road
at, 377
York, Bishop of, at Council of Arles, 12
Yorkshire, Roman forts in, 369; Deira
includes part of, 390; Elmet part of, 391
Yssel (Isala), River, Saxons return to, 69;
Chamavi settled near, 295; 296
1
Westmorland, Roman road in, 377; sur.
vival of Keltic speech in, 546
West Saxons, invasion of Britain by, 389 ;
conquests of, 390
Whitby, 379
Whymper, Edward, sees halo on the Matter-
horn, 4
Wid, River. See Utus
Widimir, King of the Ostrogoths, 429,
438; comes to relief of Theodorio, 439;
settles in Pannonia, 468; attacks Italy,
471
Wig, traditional ancestor of royal family of
Wessex, 384
Wight, Isle of, included in defence of coast,
378; Jutes in, 382 sq. , 389; kingdom of,
389
Wihtgar, nephew of Cerdic, said have
occupied the Isle of Wight, 383, 389
Willibrod, Benedictine missionary,
541
Winchester (Venta Belgarum), Romano-
British town, 373; Roman road through,
376
Wipbach. See Frigidus
Withicab, King of the Alemanni, murdered,
224
Withimir, King of the Ostrogoths, defeated
and slain, 215, 253
Withington, Roman pavement at, 614 note
Woden, chief divinity of Teutonic mytho.
logy, 386
Wörpe-Bach, 186
Wolkoi (Volcae). See Walchen
Worcestershire, kingdom of Hwicoe includes
part of, 390
Worms, taken by the Alemanni, 66, 266;
victory of Aëtius at, 361
Wreocensaete. See Shropshire
Wroxeter (Viroconium or Uriconium), Ro-
mano-British town, 373; results of ex-
cavations at, 374; 380; Roman roads
at, 376 sq.
Würtemberg, 353 note
Wulfila, Gothic general, commands for
Honorius in Gaul, 274
Wyrtgeorn. See Vortigern
Zabdicene, 74
Zabern, Julian reaches, 66 sq. ; Julian
fortifies pass of, 68; 209 note
Zaragoza, Majorian at, 309
Zaragoza, Council of, reference to monasti-
cism in canons of, 532
Zeno, Emperor of the East (Tarasicodissa),
113; makes treaty with Burgundian king,
284; coins of, found in Childeric's tomb,
299; makes peace with Gaiseric, 311;
driven out by Basiliscus, 429, 437, 473,
515; becomes sole emperor, 431, 472;
restored, 435, 473, 515; receives embassy
from Western Empire, 435, 443; statues
of, set up in Rome, 436; sends Theodoric
to Italy, 438; 467; leader of Isaurians,
470; marries Ariadne, ib. ; made magister
militum, ib. ; reveals treachery of Arda-
burius, 471; and the affairs of the Western
Empire, 474; and Illus, 475 sq. ; treats
with both Theodorics, 475 sq. ; gives up
Verina to Illus, 476; promotes Illus,
477; 478; and the succession, 479;
death, ib. ; sale of property of, 480; 483;
policy of, 515; and the Henoticon, 516 sq. ;
excommunicated by Simplicius, 517, 518;
closes school of Edessa, 519; land legis.
lation under, 560 sq.
Zeno, son of the Emperor Zeno, dies, 479
Zeno, leader of Isaurians, defends Con-
stantinople, 467; made magister militum
per Orientem, ib. ; death, ib.
Zenonis, wife of Basiliscus, favours Armatus,
473
Zeugitana (Africa Proconsularis), assigned
to Vandals, 307, 413; 316; Catholic
clergy expelled from, 320; 410
Zizais, King of the Sarmatae Liberi, 71
Zonaras, cited, 61 note
Zosimus, Bishop of Rome, 151, 179 sq. ;
decretal letters of, 182
Zosimus, historian, 21; opposes Christianity,
113; cited, 8, 15, 236, 273
Zülpich (Tolbiacum), a principal city of
the Ripuarian Franks, 300; battle at, ib.
Zuiderzee, 296; Saxons settled near, 384
Xanten, country of the Chattuarii, 295
Xystus. See Sixtus
Yenisei, River, 324
Yezdegerd I, King of Persia, commercial
treaty with, 462; makes his brother king
of Armenia, 463; persecutes Christians,
464 ; death, ib.
Yezdegerd II, King of Persia, at war with
Rome, 466 sq.
CAMBRIDGE:
PRINTED BY JOHN CLAY, M. A. AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.
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1
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LIST OF MAPS
VOLUME I
(See separate portfolio)
1. Roman Empire. Eastern Division.
2. Roman Empire. Western Division.
3. Asia (Physical).
4. The Empire in 311.
5. Approximate numbers of the Bishops present at Nicaea.
6. Constantinople.
7. The Euphrates Frontier.
8. The Eastern Patriarchates after 451.
9. The Teutonic Tribes in the 1st and 4th Centuries A. D.
10. The Visigothic Kingdom.
11. Gaul in the 5th Century.
12. Italy under the Ostrogoths.
13. Roman Britain.
14. The Balkan Peninsula in the 4th and 5th Centuries.
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1
1
## p. 759 (#789) ############################################
Map 1
Roman Empire
Eastern Division
## p. 760 (#790) ############################################
50
2.
A
15
B
20
С
25
D
30
E
35
F
40
G
45
H
50
50
ROMAN EMPIRE
EASTERN DIVISION
At the end of the 4th Century
Natural Scale 1:13,250. 000
250 Miles
NOTE
The colours indicate the seven Dioceses the names of
which are shown thus.
D. OF ASIA
The names of the Provinces are shown thus. LYCIA
o
50
100
150
200
Vindobona
2
Carnuntun
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wen
Olbia
45
Poetovio
Æmona
Siscia Mursa
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(DACIA
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PoSarmizegetusa
Tyras
Palus
Mæotis
Chersonesus
Taurica
45
YTHIA
SCYT
D. OF DACIA MEDITT
PONTUS EUXINUS
Pityus
3
CONSTANTINOPLE (Byzantium)
FEPIRUS
NOVAO
MOESIA SUP
Salonae
DACIA Novae
RIP
MOESIA INF.
Narona
PRAEVA
DARDANIA D. OE THRACIA
LITANA
Philippopolis
THRÅCIA HAEMIMONTUS
MACEDONIA
Dyrrhachium
SALUTARIS Hadrianopolis
MACEDONIA
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Thessalonica
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SEUROPA
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Trapezus,
PONTUS POLEONASS
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VETUSS
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40
HELLESPON-Prusaseara
PONTUS
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Parnaga
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hre
40
## p. 761 (#791) ############################################
Map 1
Selencia
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't Samas
De Miletus
claudiopolis
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4
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CILICIA
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CYPRUS
D. OF THE
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35
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35
EUPHRATENSIS
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MARITIA
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EAST
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Cyrene
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OF
AUGUSTAMNICA
30
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130
LIBYA E
PALESTINA
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6
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6
T
25
THEBAIS
25
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7
C
25
Longitude East
30
of Greenwich
35
F
40
G
B 20
Cambridge University Press
W. & A. K. Johnston Ltd
## p. 762 (#792) ############################################
## p. 763 (#793) ############################################
MAP 2
Roman Empire
Western Division
## p. 764 (#794) ############################################
55
2
A
10
B
5
С
0
D
5
E
10
F
15
G
20
H
25
55
VALENTIA
o
2
Eburacum
D. OF
BRITAIN
tastra Herculis
50
Londinium
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GE
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50
LUGDUNENSIS
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ཁའ་ནས་ལེགས་
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## p. 765 (#795) ############################################
Map 2
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ROMAN EMPIRE
WESTERN DIVISION
About the end of the 4th Century
Natural Scale 1: 12. 250,000
250 Miles
NOTE
The colours indicate the six Dioceses the names of which
are shown thus
D. OF GAUL
The names of the Provinces are shown thus VALENTIĄ
Division between administrations of Vicarius Italiae
Vicarius Urbis Romae. .
50
100
150
200
7
BRITAIN The other provinces were Britannia Prima, Britannia Secunda
Forming the
Prefecture
Maxima Cæsariensis, Flavia Cæsariensis. - The districts are uncertain.
of GAUL (SEPTEM PROVINCIAE) Earlier the two provinces of Gaul and
GAUL Vienna(Quinque Provinciae)
SPAIN
Forming the
Prefecture
ITALY
AFRICA
ITALY ILLYRICUM (PANNONIA)
7
of
B
5
Longitude West 0 Longitude East
5
E
10
F
15 G
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MAP 3
Asia
(Physical)
## p. 768 (#798) ############################################
А
20
B
30 С
40
D
50
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60
60
F
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Cambridge University Press
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70
G
80 Long East
## p. 769 (#799) ############################################
Map 3
H
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100
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110 L
120
M
130
N
140
O
150
Р
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Arctic Circle
E
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40
DSUNGARIA
1
3
Harfan
m
Hob Nor
30
4
ASIA
(PHYSICAL)
to illustrate migrations
Natural Scale 1:30,000,000
NOTE
Approximate extent of Caspian & Aral Seas
(A) until at least /st Century A. D. & possibly
(C) again about 900 to 1200XD.
Approximate extent during (B) period of
greatest drought about 200 to 600 A. D.
Presumed river or lake channels dur-
ing periods (A) or(C)
Desert, mostly sand.
Highest mount? grass region & north-
ern grass steppe - Summer Pasture
O Mountain slopes & upper valleys among
high mes (only indicated) also gravet
belt-Spring Pasture
Zone of thicker vegetation and of
lower mountain slopes-Autumn Pas-
ture
Winter shelter (not shown) reed thickets among
Take & river beds e. g. Aral & Ala Kul regions.
Northern forest belt. .
Northern fir tree limit.
Isotherms for January, for July
110
L
120
20
0
100
200
300
400
500 Miles
of Greenw. 90
100
к
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20
A
10
B
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F
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H
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CILICIA
CELESTE
MAURETKA NI
PHENICLA
30
30
M
LIBYA
ARABIA
PALESTINA
THE EMPIRE
IN 311
THE FOUR EMPERORS
Natural Scale 1:32,500,000
200 300 400 500 Miles
3
Μ Α
ÆGY P.
Tropic of Cancer
100
o
100
Мар 4
10
D
20
E
30
40
G
B Longitude West O Longitude East C
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## p. 773 (#803) ############################################
Map 5
10
10
C
20
D
30
E
40
F
Ι Α
GALLIA
Bosporus
RHÆTIA
1
ILLYRICUM
PANNONIA
Gothia
VIENNA
I
ܒ݁ܚ̈ܟ
POLEMONIACO
MOESIA
DACIA
MOESIA
40
Segovia
DALMATIA
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SEU LUBDARDANIA
THRACIA
PAPHLA-
BITHYNIA GONIA
DIOS-
PONTUS
ROMA
AL I A
MACE
DONIA
REODOPE
HISPANIA
IEPIRU
EUROPA
GALATIA
ARMENIA
PHRYGIA
CAPPA:
DOCIA
PISIDIA
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APULA CALABRIA
THESSANA
MESOPOTAMIA
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CILICIA
SAURIA
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PÁCHATA
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A
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CYPRUS
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PHOENICE
R
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SALESTINA
30
30
A
ARABIA
L I B Y A
XX XXX
APPROXIMATE NUMBERS
of the
BISHOPS PRESENT AT NICAEA
FROM EACH PROVINCE
Natural Scale 1:22,500,000
500 Miles
• = Orthodox Bishop
x =Arianising Bishop
ÆGYPTUS
3
3
100
200
300
400
THE BAIS
0
B
10 Longitude East C of Greenwich 20
D
30
E
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9
28
>
4
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26
B
28
30
D
32 E
Mesembriag
Anchialused
Develtum dig
Cabyle
Şozopolis
ENVIRONS
OF
CONSTANTINOPLE
Natural Scale 1:3,750,000
60 70 Miles
0
10 20
30 40
50
42
Agathopolis
1/Passof Bujuk Dervent
42
Demeranlia
HADRIANOPOLIS
Nicoce
2
Long Walls of
2
Maritza
Arcadiopolis
Anastasus
Cyanean Rocks
PHeraclea Pontica
Selymbriaosa
41
Eudoxiopolis
CONSTANTINOPLESE
Melantias
°Diospolis
Claudiopolis
41
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Chrysopolis
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Drepanum og
Helenopolis
Nicaea
Marmara ! !
D
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Apamea
8
Siberis
Prusa
Sangarus
40
40
Hissarlik
Troy
plantegenstande
Olympus
Dorylaeum
Mygaus
Midaeum)
4
4
Adramyttium
Mytilene
SB
39
Pergamum
Map 6
39
А
26
28 Longitude East C of Greenwich
30
32 E
Cambridge University Press
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## p. 777 (#807) ############################################
Map 7
45
B
40
А
35
BLACK
S E A
Phasis
Trapezus
Araxes F
is die
40
POLE MONIAVUS
40
PONTUS
Theodosiopolis
A R M E NI
Zimara o
87
Arsanias FL
Thospitis)
(L.
treaty with Alaric, 262, 458; and Gildo's
revolt, 263, 458; concedes territory to
Vandals, 264; treats with the Goths, 265;
at battle of Pollentia, ib. , 460; Illyrian
schemes of, 265 sqq. , 460; waning
influence of, 268; fall and death of.
269 sq. ; 397, 462; policy of, 275, 396,
400; withdraws Roman garrisons from
the Rhine, 299; repairs coast defences of
Britain, 379; 393; importance of, as
magister utriusque militiae, 394; religious
toleration shewn by, 395; 402; uses Hun
mercenaries, 407; 408, 412, 422, 459, 461
Stirling, Gap of, Roman outposts in, 369
Stobi, Theodosius at, 243; sacked by
Theodoric, 475
Stoicism, 11
Stourton, Roman pavement at, 614
Strabo, 189, 196 sqq.
Strassburg (Argentoratum), taken by the
Alemanni (355), 66; (406), 266 sq. ; battle
of, 67 sqq. , 209 and note
Strategius, helps Procopius, 220
Strathclyde, Britons retire to, 381
Stratonicus, gladiator, represented on
526
Sopater, favourite of Constantine, 21
Sophene, Persians pass through, 72
Sorasgi, the, subdued by the Huns, 360
Sosipatra, wife of Aedesius, 100
South Kensington Museum, specimens of
early Christian art at, 603 sqq. , 612
Sozomen, historian, Church History of,
cited, 162, 527 ; abridgment of work
made by Epiphanius, 449
Sozopolis, taken by Vitalianus, 486
Spain, under Maxentius, 3; 13, 30 sq. ;
awarded to Constantine II, 56 ; passes to
Constans, 58; 59; 88; slow decay of
paganism in, 115; Creed of Constantinople
used in, 177; bishops of, meet at Elvira,
178; Kelts in, 186 ; Cimbri reach, 192;
Franks in, 202 ; Theodosius in, 235, 253;
Maximus acknowledged in, 239 ; supplies
Rome with corn, 263; saved from the
Vandals, 266 ; attacks on, 267, 400; fall
of Roman rule in, 268; 271; Vandals in,
274 sq. ; 334; Visigoths settle in, 275 sq. ;
Ataulf in, 278, 279 sqq. , 403 ; Euric's
expedition into, 283 ; waning power of
the Romans in, 305, 399, 413 sq. ; 306 ;
Magyars penetrate to, 356; 375; 393 ;
saved for Rome by Wallia, 404; 405,
407, 409; Theodoric II conquers Suevic
kingdom in, 421 sq. ; Majorian and,
423; 430; Amalaric established in, 452;
spread of monasticism in, 532 sq. ; relic
of pre-Roman times in, 546; export trade
of, 548
Spalato, Archdeacon of.
See Thomas
Sparta, 16; Goths in, 261, 457
Speier, conquered by Alemanni, 266
Spoleto, 536
Spree, River, 198
Spreewald, 187
Squillace, monastery of Cassiodorus at,
538
Staines (Pontes), Roman road through, 376
Stainmoor, Roman road over, 377
Stephen, Bishop of Antioch, plot of, 126;
disgraced and deposed, 130
medallion, 606
Studium monastery, founded, 516; under
Theodore, 529
Stuf, nephew of Cerdic, said to have
occupied the Isle of Wight, 383, 389
Styria, Roumanians in, 356
Suani, allies of Persia, attacked by Gobazes,
469
Subiaco, St Benedict at, 536 sq. , 541
Succi, Pass of (Iron Gate), 60; Julian at,
75 sq. ; 220
Sudetes, Mts, 185, 196; Teutons cross the,
197
Sudini, 196
Suebi. See Suevi
Suebi Nicretes, 189
Suevi (Suebi, Sueves), Teutonic tribes, 67,
71; invasion of, 189, 193 sq. ; retire,
195; permanent settlement of, 196 sq. ;
subdivisions of, 198; invade Gaul,
266 sq. , 393 sq. , 400; in Spain, 274,
304, 316, 400, 404, 413; receive land in
Galicia, 275, 304; 278 sq. ; defeated by
Theodoric II, 281, 421; 282 ; defeated
near Merida, 305; make alliance with
Vandals, 309; paganism of, 320; 361; in
Marcian's army, 423
Sugambri, known as Franks, 201
Suiones, mentioned by Tacitus, 184
Sulla, L. Cornelius (Felix), 28
Sulpicius Alexander, historian, cited, 295
&
## p. 747 (#777) ############################################
Index
747
as
Sulz (Solicinium ? ), possible site of defeat
of Alemanni, 209 and note
Sumere, 85
Suna, Count, and Theodoric, 448
Sunno, leader of the Franks, raid of, 243,
256 ; gives hostages, 244, 256 ; 295
Sunuci, Teutonic tribe, 188
Surenas, Persian general, 85
Surrey, probably never formed a separate
kingdom, 389
Sussex, Roman villas in, 375; Saxon
settlement of, 382; kingdom of, 389
Sweden, Teutons early settled in, 183 sq. ;
scene of Beowulf laid partly in, 386; rock-
carvings in, 387
Swindon, site of early battle near, 389
Switzerland, La Tène civilisation in, 187
Syagrius, Frankish prince, given up by
Alaric II, 285; 299
Syagrius, son of Aegidius, known
383 sq.
" Roman king of Soissons,” 425
Sylvester I, Bishop of Rome, 8, 12, 151 ;
builds St Peter's, 611
Sylvia, St. See Etheria
Symmachus, Bishop of Rome, 159 ; dis-
puted election of, 449; tried and acquitted,
449 sq. ; tolerant to the Arians, 453
Syınmachus, Q. Aurelius, cited, 37, 67,
576; leads pagan party in Rome, 115;
116; leads pagan embassy to Gratian,
238; ambassador to Valentinian II, 240;
friend of Eugenius, 246 ; described in
the Saturnalia, 571 ; letters of, 572; and
the arena, 594 ; marriage diptych of
daughter of, 604
Symmachus, patrician, father-in-law of
Boethius, and Theodoric, 444, 448; put
to death, 453
Symmachus, official of Theodoric, 454
Synesius of Cyrene, Bishop of Ptolemais,
studies under Hypatia, 116; The
Egyptians or On Providence of, 264 ;
candidature supported by Theophilus of
Alexandria, 490; Neoplatonist views of,
578; and divination, 580
Syr, River, 323
Syria, Christians in, 6; 16; 19; 62 ; 82;
88 sq. , 107, 121; and Nestorian heresy,
132; and the question of Meletius, 141;
161; Monophysites of, 170; 213; Valens
in, 219, 225; 248; Huns invade, 261,
456; Scythians invade, 354 ; Isaurian
robbers in, 461; Arabs invade, 464, 468,
472, 482 ; Celer in, 482 sq. ; revolt in,
513 sq. ; becomes Monophysite, 519;
growth of asceticism in, 526; peculiar
features of monachism in, 527 ; abuse
of monasticism in, 529; nuns in, 531;
534 sq. , 548; early churches in, 609
Syrians, and the Roman Empire, 544 ;
retain their native language, 545
Syrus, Roman officer, 244, 256
Tabraca, Gildo killed at, 264
Tacitus, Cornelius, historian, 1; cited,
24 sq. , 184, 197, 292 sqq. , 371 sqq. ,
Tacitus, M. Claudius, Emperor, 6, 25; and
the Goths, 206
Tadjiks, of Ferghana, 348
Taghlibi, the, defeated, 481
Taieni, the, 84
Taifali, in Black Sea region, 203; in the
Banat, 205 ; fight the Vandals, 206; de.
feated by Constantine II, 211; plunder
Roman provinces, 216; defeated by
Saturninus, 233
Talis, Mother, superior of convent at
Antinöe, 531
Tall Brothers, the, flee to Chrysostom, 491;
appeal to Eudoxia, 492; at synod of
Chalcedon, 493
Tampsapor, satrap, 71
Tamuraye, eastern tribe, attack Persia, 483
Tanis, 167
Tarasicodissa. See Zeno
Tarentum, gulf of, 561
Tarifa (Julia Traducta), Vandals embark at,
305
Tarim, River, 323
Tarquins, the, 22
Tarraco. See Tarragona
Tarraconensis, Ataulf settles in, 278;
Goths hold, 287; plundered by Sueves,
309
Tarragona (Tarraco), taken by the Franks,
202
Tarragona, Bishop of. See Himerius
Tarsus, 19; Constantias falls ill at, 76;
Julian intends to fix his court at, 81;
Julian buried at, 86, 219; centre of
learning at, 88; Pap a prisoner at, 231 ;
Verina at, 476, 478; Leontius crowned
at, 478; 480
Tarsus, Bishop of. See Diodorus
Tartars, food of the, 339 sqq. ; methods of
warfare, 347, 351; beauty of present type
of, 355
Tatianus, nominee of Aspar for praefecture,
469
Taunus, Mt, 186 note; Suebi near, 194
Taurisci, allied with the Romans, 192
Taurus, Mt, 6, 16, 18, 121, 134, 242, 480
Taurus, suburb of Constantinople, trium-
phal column erected in, 255
Taygetus, Mt, 16
Tebeste, 263
Tectosages, destruction of the, 197
Tekke-Turkomans, raids of, 348
Temes, River, 205
Tempe, Vale of (Valley of the Peneus).
Peneus
Temple at Jerusalem (Solomon's), vessels
of, taken from Rome by the Vandals, 308,
421
Tencteri, Teutonic tribe, invasion of, 189,
194 sq. ; location of, 198
Tentyra (Denderah), home of Palaemon in,
Tabennisi, first Pachomian monastery at,
524; nunnery at, 530
## p. 748 (#778) ############################################
748
Index
523; first Pachomian monastery near,
524
Terentius, Roman officer, accompanies Pap
to Armenia, 225; restores Sauromaces,
226; reports unfavourably of Pap, 231
Terouenne, Vandals at, 266
Terracina, monastery founded at, 541
Tertullian (Quintus Septimius Florens Ter-
tullianus), theories of, 118, 574; cited,
149, 164, 172, 532, 554 sq. ; and heathen
books, 570
Tervingi, tribe of Goths, 203; 206, 210;
submit to Rome, 211, 213; oppose the
Huns, 215; besiege Marcianople, 216
Teuriscans, Keltic tribe of northern Hun.
gary, 188
Teutones, 189 sqq. ; defeated by the
Romans, 193
Teutons, the, 124; earliest known history
of, 183; Iron Age among, 184; affinity
with neighbouring races, 185 sq. ; expan-
sion of, 187 sqq. ; checked, 190; in con-
tact with Rome, 191 sq. ; begin to over-
run Gaul, 194; Augustus and, 195;
settlements in Mid-Europe of, 197; over.
run Roman provinces, 199 sq. ; 202; and
waste coast of Asia Minor, 204; in Dacia
and Moesia, 205 s sq. ; defeated by Claudius,
206; helped by Carausius, 207; revolt
against Magnentius, 208; defeated by
Constantine II, 211; victorious over
Valens, 216 sq. , 250 sq. ; hold high
offices in Thessalonica, 256; in army of
Theodosius, 259; do bomage to Honorius,
260; unrest among, 264; 267; in Rome,
272; in Spain, 274 sq. ; relations with
Romans, 275 sq. ; in the Danube basin,
361; allied with Rome, 398; in Britain, 546
Texuandri, Teutonic tribe, 188
Thalassius, Bishop of Caesarea in Cappa-
docia, assessor at the Latrocinium, 505;
condemned by Council of Chalcedon,
508 sq. ; pardoned, 509
Thalassius, praetorian praefect, 63
Thames, archaeological discoveries in valley
of, 388; 389; early Christian relics found
in, 614
Thebaid, the, Longinus in, 480; 502; 581
Thebes, Alaric fails to take, 457
Theiss, River, campaign of Constantius on,
71; 211; 264; headquarters of Attila
Thela, son of Odovacar, sent as hostage to
Theodoric, 440; slain, ib.
Themistius, Court orator, 237
Theodahad, nephew of Theodoric the Great,
and Amalasuntha, 454 sq.
Theodemir, King of the Ostrogoths, father
of Theodoric, warden of the marches,
437; settles in Pannonia, 468; attacks
Eastern and Western Empires, 471 ; death,
Theodora, stepdaughter of Maximian,
marries Constantius, 2; her sons, 3, 22
sq.
Theodore, Bishop of Mopsuestia, com-
mentator, 156; friendship with Chry-
sostom, 491, 496; teacher of Nestorius,
496; 498; Cyril fails to obtain condem-
nation of, 502; real founder of Nestorian.
ism, 514 ; works studied at Nisibis, 519;
rationalism of, 579
Theodore, abbot of the Studium, 529
Theodoret, Bishop of Cyrus, Historia Re.
ligiosa of, cited, 147, 175, 526 sq. ;
abridgment of work made by Epiphanius,
449; and the Nestorian controversy, 498
sq. , 502; accused by Dioscorus, 504;
absent from Latrocinium, 505; deprived,
ib. ; 506; at Council of Chalcedon, 507
sqq. ; reinstated, 510, 512; 513
Theodoric I, King of the Visigoths, succeeds
Wallia, 278; attacks Arles, 279, 408;
treachery to Rome, 279; alliance with
Gaiseric, ib. , 307; killed in battle with
the Huns, 280, 416; 281; free election of,
289; 364; 411
Theodoric II, King of the Visigoths, on
campaign against the Huns, 280; policy
of alliance with Rome, 281; changes
policy, 282; 283, 289; education of, 291,
421; 292; and Avitus, 421; conquers
Suevic kingdom in Spain, 421; defeated
by Majorian, 423; opposes Aegidius, 424;
murdered, 427
Theodoric the Great, King of the Ostrogoths,
his government of Italy, 1; compared
with Trajan and Valentinian, 230; policy
compared with Ataulf's, 277; mediates
between Franks and Visigoths, 285, 484;
makes alliance with the Vandals, 313;
death, 314, 454; 435 sq. ; parentage and
early years, 437, 469 ; made consul and
patrician, 438; invades Italy, ib. ; de-
feats Odovacar, 439, 479; and the Church,
439; 449 sq. ; treachery to Odovacar,
440; and Anastasius, ib. , 483; position
in Italy, ib. ; maintains the Roman
government, 441; appoints Romans only
as officials, 442; and the Roman Senate,
443; and the Arian schism, 444; and the
consulship, 445; administration, 445 sqq. ;
restores ancient buildings, 448; foreign
policy of, 451; marries Audefleda, ib. ;
known as Dietrich of Bern, 452; extent
of dominion, ib. ; cruelty of, 452 sqq. ;
sends embassy to Justin I, 454; work,
ib. ; accession, 471; made magister mili-
tum, 474; campaign in Macedonia, 475;
negotiates with Zeno, 476; holds offices,
Theodoric, son of Triarius (Theodoric
Strabo), chief of the Thracian Goths,
helps Basiliscus, 437, 474; intrigues with
and against Theodoric the Anal, 437 sq. ,
475; death, 438, 477; supports Aspar,
470; joined by Aspar's guards, 471; made
magister militum, 471; negotiates with
Zeno, 474 sq. ; aids Marcian, 476; at.
tacks Zeno, 477
near, 365
477 sq.
ib.
## p. 749 (#779) ############################################
Index
749
CO-
Theodorus, imperial notary, conspires
against Valens, 226; 229, 235
Theodosian house, extinction of, 395, 399,
419; clericalism of, 407; question of
succession, 418; loyalty of Stilicho and
Aëtius to, 422; 438; Juliana as repre-
sentative of, 485
Theodosiopolis, fortress of, built, 466;
sacked by Persians, 481; retaken, ib.
Theodosius I, the Great, Emperor, 1, 5, 19,
27; bis treatment of the Christian Church,
113, 126; made co-emperor, 140, 235,
253; and the Council of Constantinople,
141 sq. ; orthodoxy of, 166; defeats Sar-
matians, 229, 253; subdues the Goths,
236 sq. ; recognises Maximus as
emperor, 238 sq. , 255; treats with
Sapor III, 240 ; his treatment of Antioch,
241 sq. , 592; victory over Maximus, 243;
and the massacre at Thessalonica, 244 sq. ,
257 ; penance of, 245; victorious at the
Frigidus, 247, 259, 393; death, 247, 259;
work and character, 247 sqq. ; legislation
of, 248; 256; defeated on the Maritza,
258 ; 259 sqq. ; policy towards Stilicho,
394; extinction of line of, 395, 399; 423 ;
judicial proceedings under, 563; 565 sq. ;
laws of, against magic, 580
Theodosius II, Emperor of the East, code
Chrysostom, 461, 492 sqq. ; difficulties of
position, 489; character, 489 sq. ; calls
synod, 490; and the Tall Brothers, 491;
letter of Innocent I to, 494 ; 513
Theophilus, Gothio bishop, 13
Theophilus, governor of Syria, murdered,
62 sq.
3
of, 52, 230, 392, 397, 399, 412, 465, 556,
564; 113; accession, 268, 462; 269; and
the Huns, 362 sqq. , 414, 433; death, 364,
414, 467 sq. ; 506; minority, 396; 406;
contemplates uniting Empires of East and
West, 407; treats with Valentinian III,
412; treats with Gaiseric, 413; family
pride of, 418; 419, 432; 456, 460; educa.
tion, 462; marries Eudocia, 463 sq. ;
makes treaty with Persia, 464; and the
usurper John, 465; supports Valentinian
III, ib. ; 466, 470 sq. ; and the Nestorian
controversy, 495, 498 sqq. ; and the
Council of Ephesus, 500 sq. ; religious
intrigues at court of, 502; 504; upholds
decisions of the Robber Council, 505 sq. ;
511; discus of, 547; land law under, 561;
590
Theodosius, archimandrite of the cenobia of
Palestine, 529
Theodosius, Count, father of Theodosius
the Great, restores order in Britain, 223
sq. , 378; defeats the Alemanni, 224;
225; in Africa, 228; executed, ib. ; 229;
230
Theodosius, monk, set up as bishop in
Jerusalem,512; imprisoned, ib. ; released,
ib.
Theodosius, prince of the Theodosian house,
opposes Constantine the usurper, 267
Theodosius, infant son of Atauli, 278, 403
Theodric, King of Bernicia, 391
Theolaifus, Roman officer, 77
Theopaschite, the, version of Peter Mongus,
518
Theophilus, Bishop of Alexandria, and
Theophilus, citizen of Antioch, 608
Theophrastus, 98
Thermantia, daughter of Stilicho, marries
Honorius, 268; sent back to Serena, 270
Thermopylae, Pass of, seized by Alaric,
261, 457; Huns reach, 363, 414
Thessalonica, 141; attacked by Teutons,
206; saved by Theodosius from the Goths,
236; 237; Valentinian II takes refuge at,
242; massacre at, 244, 257; 245; head-
quarters of Theodosius at, 253; import-
ance of Teutons in, 256; Valentinian III
proclaimed at, 465; tumult at, 475
Thessalonica, Bishops of. See Acholius,
Rufus.
Thessaly, Goths in, 237, 253; Alaric in,
260, 457; Huns in, 363; Theodoric in,
477; plundered by Slavs, 483
Theudegotha, daughter of Theodoric,
marries Sigismund, 451
Thian Shan Mts, 323
Thilsaphata, 85
Thisbe, town in Boeotia, conditions of land
tenancy in, 562
Thomas, Archdeacon of Spalato, cited, 359
Thomas of Marga, Book of the Governors of,
cited, 527
Thorismud, son of Theodoric I, succeeds
his father, 280, 416; policy of, 281, 421;
assassinated, ib. ; 289; 427
Thorsbjaerg, bog-deposits at, 385 sq.
Thrace, under Licinius,3,7; 17, 31; awarded
to Constans, 56; surrendered to Con.
stantius, 58; 75; Julian reaches, 76 sq. ;
137; Bastarnae in, 191, 206; Goths in,
204, 213, 252, 465; 205; 215; held by
Teutons, 216, 250; 220; disturbances
among miners in, 233; Theodosius com-
mands in, 235 sq. ; colonies of Goths in,
237, 239; 253, 255; attacked by Visi.
goths, 257, 456 ; Gainas in, 263; ravaged
by Huns, 414, 458, 464, 467; 460; Huns
settled in, 468; disturbances in, 470;
Theodorio, son of Triarius, and, 471, 475,
477 ; 478; incursion of barbarians into,
480; 481; Bulgarian raids in, 483 ;
bishops of, at Council of Chalcedon, 508
Thracians, allied with the Bastarnae, 191 ;
and the Roman Empire, 544
Thrasamund, King of the Vandals, reign of,
313; treatment of Catholics by, ib. , 321;
318; patron of architecture, 322; marries
Amalafrida, 313, 451
Thraustila, murderer of Valentinian III,
419
Thucydides, 103
Thunor, the Thunder-God of Teutonio
mythology, 386
## p. 750 (#780) ############################################
750
Index
Thuringi, 189
Thuringia, the Kelts in, 187; flight of
Childeric to, 298
Thuringian Forest, 186 note, 187
Thyatira, battle of, 221
Ti (Tiw), god of Teutonic mythology, 386
Tiber, River, 4, 8; blockaded by Goths,
271; the Vandals in, 421; 429; trang.
port of corn on, 551; 575
Tiberius Claudius Nero Caesar, Emperor,
25, 31; military successes of, 195 sq. ;
and Britain, 368
Ticinum. See Pavia
Tigisis, Bishop of. See Secundus
Tigris, River, 57 sq. ; 74; Sapor retreats
from, 76; 81 sqq. ; 88; 458
Tigurini, tribe of Helveti, join the Teutonic
migrants, 192; retreat from Italy, 193
Timagenes, quoted by Ammianus, 188
Timasius, Roman officer, 243; made general.
in-chief, 246; banished, 457
Timostratus, duke of Osrhoene, defeats
Persians, 482
Timotheus, Bishopof Constantinople, neutral
position of, 518
Timothy, set over Asia, 156
Timothy, Bishop of Alexandria, 166
Timothy Salophaciolus, Bishop of Alexan.
dria, appointed, 513; death, 516
Timothy, called Aelurus, Monophysite in.
truder into see of Alexandria, expelled by
Leo I, 469; influence on Basiliscus, 473;
installed, 512; character, 512 sq. ; driven
out, 513; returns to see, ib. , 515; death,
516
Tingitian Mauretania, assigned to Vandals,
307
Tiridates, King of Armenia, 22
Tiro, Prosper, cited, 365, 409, 417
Titianus, envoy of Magnentius, 61
Titus, set over Crete, 156
Titus Flavius Sabinus Vespasianus, Emperor,
and the vessels of Solomon's Temple, 308,
421
Tobol, River, 324
Tolbiacum. See Zülpich
Toledo, Councils of, 533, 596
Tome of Pope Leo I, 505 8qq. ; approved by
Council of Chalcedon, 509; condemned by
Basiliscus, 515; Acoemetae and, 516; 517
Tomi, attacked by Teutons, 206; battle
Tournai, 243, 256; Vandals at, 266; and
the Salian Franks, 297 sq. ; tomb of
Childerio at, 299
Tours, Vandals at, 266; relieved by Aëtius,
410
Tours, Bishops of. See Gregory, Martin
Toutoni, doubtful identity of, 189 sq.
Toxandria, Salian Franks in, 69, 296
Toygeni, tribe of Helveti, join the Teutons,
192
Traditores, name applied to those who
surrendered the scriptures, 11. See
Donatists
Trajan, Count, commands expedition to the
East, 226; against the Goths, 233 sq. ;
slain at Hadrianople, 235, 251
Trajan (M. Ulpius Trajanus), Emperor,
correspondence with Pliny, cited, 24 sqq. ,
30; 551, 553 sq. ; Julian rebuilds fortress
of, 69; canal of, 83; 230; plants Roman
colonists in Dacia, 357; 462; and trade
guilds, 551
Tralles, early Christians of, 146 sq.
Trans-Caspia, climate of, 324
Transylvania, the barbarians in, 205; Goths
take refuge in, 213, 215, 232, 254, 260;
356 sq.
Trapezus, sacked by Borani, 204
Trasaric, Gepid chief, and Theodoric, 451
Trebizond, 16
Trent, River, 367, 369, 372; archaeological
discoveries in valley of, 388 ; kingdom of
Mercia includes valley of, 390
Trentino, Odovacar supported by barbarians
of, 434
Treveri, Keltic tribe, 188, 194
Trèves. See Trier
Triarius, Gothic chief, 470
Tribigild, Gothic leader, rebellion of, 262,
458; joins Gainas, 459; killed, 460
Triboeci, Teutonic tribe, settle in Gaul, 193,
195
Trioca, Bishop of. See Heliodorus
Trier (Trèves), Athanasius at, 128, 534;
Valentinian at, 209 note, 223 sqq. ; death
of Pancratius at, 228; Gratian at, 230,
235; Maximus at, 242; Arbogast at, 244;
Vandals at, 266; taken by Franks, 299;
411; 546
Trier, Bishop of. See Paulinus
Trigetius, imperial agent, arranges a treaty
with the Vandals, 306
Tripolis, Austoriani invade province of, 227;
retained by Rome at the subdivision, 307;
Moorish tribes in, assert their independ.
ence, 313; declares for Rome against the
Vandals, 315; 426
Tripolitana, 316; annexed by Gaiseric, 422
Trisagion, Monophysite addition to, causes
riots, 484 sq. ; Peter the Fuller's addition
to, 514; 518
Trivulzio Collection at Milan, ivories in,
near, 233
Tortona, Majorian defeated and killed near,
424
Totila, King of the Ostrogoths, visits St
Benedict, 537
Toulouse, saved by the bishop from the
Vandals, 266; taken by Ataulf, 277,
402; Romans defeated at, 279; becomes
Gothic capital, 281 sqq. , 404 sq. ; Lex
Romana Visigothorum published at, 286;
287; Arians in kingdom of, 291 ; Litorius
defeated at, 411; Avitus at, 421; 427
Toulouse, Bishops of. Sée Exuperius,
Rhodanius
604 sq.
Trocundes, brother of Illus, sent against
Zeno, 473; joins Zeno, ib. ; captures
## p. 751 (#781) ############################################
Index
751
Ugrian race and language, 355
Ublans, the, 347
Uldin, chief of the Huns, kills Gaïnas, 263,
460; helps Stilicho at Faesulae, 265 sq.
Ulfila (Vulfila), Gothic bisho life of,
212 sq. ; form of name of, 212 note; 392
Ulm, 452
Ulpian (Domitius Ulpianus), jurist, 31, 35;
89; cited, 562
Umbria, Heraclian in, 402
Unitarians, the, 124
Unstrut, River, 187
Ural Mts, early inhabitants of, 341
Ural-Altaic language, with its branches,
333
Urbicius, chamberlain, plots against Illus,
475; and Ariadne, 479
Uriconium. See Wroxeter
Urien, British king, 391
Ursacius, Pannonian bishop, 128; recants
charges against Athanasius, 130; at
Council of Sirmium, 132, 133
Ursatius, magister officiorum under Valen.
tinian, offends the Alemanni, 222
Ursicinus, general, 19, 72
Ursinus, anti-pope, elected bishop of Rome,
153, 155; faction-fight in Rome con.
cerning, 173
Ursulus, treasurer, put to death, 79
Urugundi, in Black Sea region, 203 ; at war
with East Goths, 206
Usipetes, Teutonic tribe, invasion of, 189,
2
Marcian, 476; made magister militum,
477; captured and beheaded, 478
Troilus, sophist, adviser of Anthemius,
462
Troitsk, Kirghiz in the steppes of, 335
Trojans, the, Franks said to be descendants
of, 293
Tropaeum Traiani. See Adamelissi
Troy, 16, 293, 576
Troyes, 66; Attila at, 280, 364, 416 and
note
Tubantes, location of the, 198; Romans
repulse attack of, 208
Tufa, Odovacar's lieutenant, double treachery
of, 439
Tuisco, earth-born god, Germans descended
from, 292
Tulingi, Germanio origin of, 189; join the
Helveti, 194; ask help of Euric, 284
Tullius Menophilus, Procurator of Lower
Moesia, subsidises the Goths, 203
Tungri, Teutonic tribe, succeed to territory
of Eburones, 188 sq.
Tungritani Juniores, regiment, won by
Procopius, 220
Turan, use of the dromedary in, 331; 349
Turcilingi, settled in the Danube basin,
361; 434
Turfan, oases of, 327
Turin, fight near, 4; 66; 277
Turkestan, oases infrequent in, 324; dele-
terious effects of climate in, 325; (Chinese),
327; nomad peasantry of, 328; prehistorio
inhabitants of, 329; 332 sq. ; condition of
the Sarts in, 352
Turkomans, the, scarcity of horses among,
331; 335 sq. ; food of, 339; predatory
habits, 347 sq. ; appearance and charac-
ter, 352
Turko-Tartars, the, 335; food of, 339
sqq. ; marriage, 342; 343; burial customs,
347
Turks, the (Osmans), invasions of Europe
by, 18, 328; (West) empire of, 328;
(Osmans) flee from the Mongols, 328;
personal appearance, 332; 334
Tuscany, King Marcomir exiled to, 260;
Alaric in, 271; Ataulf in, 399; land tax
levied on Goths in, 446
Tweed, River, 368
Tyana, Bishop of. See Anthimus
Tyne, River, Hadrian's Wall from, 368;
Roman road by, 377
Typicon, code of rules for monks, 529
Tyras, plundered by barbarians, 203; 204
Tyre, home of Ulpian, 89; Council of,
128 sq. ; 166; (Old) abandoned, 457 ;
linen and purple trade of, 548; plan of
church built at, 611
Tyre, Bishop of. See Irenaeus
Tyrol, the, 452
Tyrrhenian Sea, the, hermits settle on the
islands of, 531
Tzani, raids of, 467, 481
Tzurta, Romans defeated at, 483
194 sq.
Usipii, location of the, 198
Usk, River, Roman road by, 377
Uskub. See Scupi
Utrecht, 377
Utus (Wid), River, Romans defeated on,
363
Uzbegs, the, 334
Vadomar, a prince of the Alemanni, 65, 68;
captured and banished, 74; 209; com.
mands expedition to the East, 226
Vagobanta. See Bagavan
Vaison, second Council of, extends right of
preaching, 163; canons of first Council
of, 567
Valence, Constantine the usurper at, 267 ;
Ataulf at, 401; Alans settled at, 413
Valens, Pannonian bishop, 128 ; recants
charges against Athanasius, 130; at
Council of Sirmium, 132, 133
Valens, Emperor, 19; suppresses pagan
worship, 112; favours the Arians, 126,
166 ; influenced by Eudoxius, 137; and
St Basil, 138; 139; divides Cappadocia,
168; at war with the Goths, 213; pro-
tects Fritigern, 214 ; and the Goths, 215,
232; is chosen co-emperor, 219; starts
for the East, 220; crusbes rebellion of
Procopius, 221; begins campaign against
the Goths, 221 sq. ; advances on Persia,
225; policy in Armenia and Hiberia,
225 sq. ; 231; fails to carry out terms of
## p. 752 (#782) ############################################
752
Index
treaty with Goths, 232 sq. , 250; sends
reinforcements against Goths, 233; man.
euvres of, 234; defeated and slain, 140,
210, 216, 235, 251; character of, 235,
254, 467; coloni under, 559; persecutes
magicians, 581; 590
Valens, general to Licinius, 7
Valens, Roman general, defeated by Alaric,
271 ; promoted by Attalus, 272
Valentia (Valentinia), province of Britain,
created by Theodosius, 223, 378
Valentinia. See Valentia
Valentinian I, Emperor, 68; toleration of
religions by, 97, 137, 594 ; work of, 137,
222; character, 137, 219, 229 sq. ; and
the Alemanni, 209; improves defences of
the Rhine, 209; 213; early career, 218;
220; on western frontier, 221; in Gaul,
223 sqq. ; state of the Empire under,
227 sq. ; death, 228 sq. ; appearance,
229 sq. ; system of government, 230, 565;
231, 233, 235, 237, 248; Frankish legend
of, 293 ; district of Britain named after,
378; coloni under, 559; persecutes ma-
gicians, 581
Valentinian II, Emperor, succeeds his father,
228, 231; begins personal rule, 239;
escapes machinations of Maximus, ib. ;
refuses to restore altar of Victory, 240;
treats with barbarians, 241; flees to
Thessalonica, 242; is restored to power,
243; visits Rome, 244; death, 245 sq. ,
258, 260 ; land law under, 561 ; judicial
proceedings under, 563 ; 565 ; 595
Valentinian III, Emperor of the West,
murdered, 281, 418, 419 and note, 420;
treats with Gaiseric, 306 sqq. , 413; 310 ;
382; 394 ; murders Aëtius, 395, 418;
396; and the Senate, 397; 398 eq. ; birth,
404; banished, 406; accession, 407, 465;
defeats John, 407 sq. , 465; marries
Eudoxia, 412, 465 sq. ; 415; and Attila,
417; 421, 424; and Marcellinus, 425 ;
442, 468; summons Council of Ephesus,
500; and Pope Leo, 506; 591
Valentinus, revolt of, 223 sq.
Valentinus, citizen of Selga, leads a force
against Tribigild, 458
Valeria, wife of Galerius, 15
Valerian, Emperor, and the Goths, 204 ;
205 note ; 207
Valerian, son of Gallienus, assassinated,
201
Valerius, Bishop of Hippo, and the ordina-
tion of St Augustine, 153; 162
Vandals, the, 19; early settlements of, 185,
196; 202; at war with Tervingi, 206;
raids of, 235; Gratian drives back, 253;
Stilicho concedes territory to, 264 ; invade
Italy, 265 sq. ; invade Gaul, 266, 394,
400; in Spain, 274 sq. , 304 sq. , 400 ;
in Africa, 276 ; 278 sq. , 282 ; treatment
of subject race by, 287 ; growing maritime
power of, 305; take Carthage, 306, 465;
devastate Sicily, 306; settle in Africa, 307,
411; take and plunder Rome, 308, 421 ;
seize Roman provinces, 309; attack the
Eastern Empire, 310; destroy the im-
perial fleet, 311, 423 sq.
, 470; ill-treatment
of Catholics among, 312 sqq. ; depose
Hilderic, 314 ; constitution of the African
kingdom of, 316 sq. ; army and navy,
318; laws, 319; officials, 320; clergy,
ib. ; culture of, 321 sq. ; growth of luxury
among, 321; lack of artistic power, 322;
358, 362; and Stilicho, 394 ; 393, 395,
403 ; defeated by Wallia, 404 ; 406; defeat
Boniface, 409; treaty of Aëtius with, 411,
419; Eastern and Western Empires
combine against, 412; 413, 415; 420 ;
defeated by Ricimer, 422; 425 ; defeat
attempt on Carthage, 426 ; 465, 467 ; and
Marcian, 468; 471; make peace with
Rome, 472; 518; destroy early monachism
of Africa, 535
Vangiones, Teutonic tribe, settle in Gaul,
193, 195
Vannius, King of the Suebi, domain of, 197
Varad, Canon of. See Rogerius
Varangians in Russia, 349
Varia of Cassiodorus, the, 444
Varini, early settlements of, 185, 198
Varronianus, son of Jovian, 86
Varus, P. Quintilius, 45
Vatican, the, sarcophagi at, 602
Vechten (Fectio), near Utrecht, Roman
troops shipped at, 377
Veliocasses, 192
Venantius Fortunatus, Bishop of Poitiers,
poet, 449
Venedi (Veneti), Slavonic tribes, 184
Venetia, held by barbarians, 264; Alario
demands cession of, 271; ravaged by
Huns, 417
Venice, foundation of, 364, 417
Venonae. See High Cross
Venta Belgarum. See Winchester
Venta Icenorum, See Caister
Venta Silurum. See Caerwent
Venus, 95; Julian revives worship of, 107;
temple of, at Rome, 608
Vercellae (Vercelli), 193
Vercelli, Bishop of. See Eusebius
Verenianus, prince of the Theodosian house,
opposes Constantine the usurper, 267; is
executed, 271
Verina, wife of Leo I, intercedes for Aspar,
470; arranges for accession of Zeno, 472;
conspires against Zeno, 473; niece of,
marries Nepos, 474; attempts life of
Illus, 475; is sent to Tarsus, 476 ; be-
comes & deaconess, ib. ; Illus refuses to
recall, 477 ; crowns Leontius, 478; death,
ib. ; her body transferred to Constanti.
nople, 479; 515
Verona, taken by Constantine, 4; besieged
by Alaric, 265; Odovacar retreats to,
439; Theodoric's buildings at, 448; 453
Verturiones, tribes of Picts, pillage Britain,
223
## p. 753 (#783) ############################################
Index
753
Theodorio secures Septimania for, 452;
in Moesia, 456
Visions of Hermas. See the Shepherd
Vistula, early peoples near the, 184 sq. ,
190, 197 sq. , 202, 207, 361
Vita Aureliani, of Vopiscus, cited, 295
Vita Lupi, cited, 297
Vitalianus, rebellion of, 485 sq.
Vitalianus, Roman general, 254
Vitianus, general, defeats the Arabs, 464
Vivianus, made praefect by Leo I, 469 ;
475
Vlakhs, 356 sqq.
Volcae, 185 note, 192
Volcae Tectosages. See Tectosages
Volga, River, 214 sq. ; neighbourhood de-
vastated by Chinghiz Khan, 350
Vopiscus, Vita Aureliani of, cited, 295
Vortemir, son of Vortigern, resists the
Jutes, 382
Vortigern (Wyrtgeorn), and the English
invaders, 380 sqq.
Vosges, Mts, 193, 367
Vouglé or Vouillé (Campus Vocladensis),
battle of, 286, 452
Vram Shapuh of Armenia, 458
Verulamium. See St Albans
Verus, L. Aurelius, and the German in.
vasion, 199
Vespasian (T. Flavius Sabinus Vespasianus),
Emperor, 17; law of, 25; 26, 39, 543
Vestralp, Frankish chief, defeated by Julian,
209
Vetera, refortified by Julian, 209
Vetranio, opposes Magnentius, 59; joins
Constantius, 60
Via Portuensis, Vandals on, 308
Victor, Count, assassinates Nepos, 436
Victor, Flavius, son of Maximus, sent on
embassy to Valentinian II, 239; killed,
243, 256
Victor, Julian's general, 83; envoy to
Persia, 231; brings news of Hadrianople
to Gratian, 235
Victorinus, C. Marius, of Rome, Christian
teacher, 104, 172
Victorinus, usurper, 71
Victorius, Gothic general, successful in
Gaul, 283
Victors (Victores), in Roman army, 220 ;
sent to Britain, 223
Viotovali, 195, 198; invade Roman pro-
vinces, 199; in Transylvania, 205
Vicus Augusti, Theodosius at, 236
Vienne, Julian at, 66, 74; Florentius at,
73; church of, 164; Valentinian at, 245,
258; Constans put to death at, 274
Viennensis, Gothic rule in, 287
Vi in Fyen, bog. deposit at, 385
Viminacium in Dacia, 56; taken by Huns,
362
Vindelicia, Vandals receive land in, 264
Virgil (Publius Vergilius Maro), Augustine
and the poems of, 116; Christian teach-
ing introduced into Aeneid of, 570; 571 sq.
Viroconium. See Wroxeter
Virunum, Alaric at, 268
Visigoths (Vesegoti), 203; raids of, 204 sq. ;
introduction of Christianity among, 212;
revolt of, 213; ask admission to Roman
territory, 231, 250; at war with Rome,
234 sq. , 250 sqq. , 256; attack Thrace,
257 ; at the battle of the Frigidus, 259;
march on Constantinople, 260, 456;
settled in Spain and Gaul, 276, 393; in
Gaul, 277, 399, 411; oppose the Huns,
280, 416; 281 sq. ; defeated by Clovis,
286 ;
customs and organisation of,
287 sqq. ; culture of, 291 sq. ; Arianism
of, ib. ; 298, 308; acknowledge Majorian,
309; 358, 361, 364 ; 394; policy of
Constantius to, 405, 430; mercenaries
serve against Boniface, 409; Placidia
seeks support of, 411; hostility to Vandals,
415, join Romans against Huns, 416;
Aëtius' treatment of, 418; 420; and
Avitus, 421; 422; defeated by Majorian,
423 ; allied with Ricimer, 424; defeated
by Aegidius, 425; take possession of
Gaul, 427; 429 sq. ; acquire Narbonne,
436; assist Theodoric the Great, 439, 484 ;
Waag, River, 197
Waal, River, pirates on, 223
Wady Natron. See Nitria
Walamir, King of the Ostrogoths in Pan.
nonia, ally of Attila, 361; settles in
Pannonia, 468; killed in battle, 469
Walohen (Walbås, Walhós), 185 note
Waldhere, 386
Wales, 367; Roman conquest of, 368 sq. ;
Roman roads in, 376 sq. ; Britons retire
to, 381
Wall, village by Lichfield (Letocetum), on
Watling Street, 376
Wall. See Roman Wall
Wallacbia (Great), Visigoths in, 205
Wallia, King of the Goths, makes alliance
with Rome, 278, 404; 289; defeats the
Silingian Vandals and the Alani, 278,
304, 404; 305; recovers great part of
Spain for Rome, 404; settles in Aqui.
tanica Secunda, 404 sq. ; 409; uncle of
Ricimer, 422, 424
War against Gildo, by Claudian, 264
Warahran. See Bahram
Warni, ask help of Euric, 284
Wartha, River, 187, 198
Warwickshire, Roman villas in, 375; king-
dom of Hwicce includes part of, 390
Wash, the, coast defence of, 378
Watling Street, course of, 376
Weitbruch, 68
Wermund, legendary Teutonic king, 384
Weser, River, Keltic names near, 186 and
note, 187 and note; Germanic tribes
settled on, 191, 198
Wessex, Saxon settlement of, 382; tra-
ditional origin of royal family of, 384 ;
kingdom of, 389 sqq.
## p. 754 (#784) ############################################
754
Index
370;
York (Eburācum), death of Constantius at,
3; Roman fortress at, 369; Roman town,
Roman civilisation in the vale of,
372; foundation of, 373; Roman road
at, 377
York, Bishop of, at Council of Arles, 12
Yorkshire, Roman forts in, 369; Deira
includes part of, 390; Elmet part of, 391
Yssel (Isala), River, Saxons return to, 69;
Chamavi settled near, 295; 296
1
Westmorland, Roman road in, 377; sur.
vival of Keltic speech in, 546
West Saxons, invasion of Britain by, 389 ;
conquests of, 390
Whitby, 379
Whymper, Edward, sees halo on the Matter-
horn, 4
Wid, River. See Utus
Widimir, King of the Ostrogoths, 429,
438; comes to relief of Theodorio, 439;
settles in Pannonia, 468; attacks Italy,
471
Wig, traditional ancestor of royal family of
Wessex, 384
Wight, Isle of, included in defence of coast,
378; Jutes in, 382 sq. , 389; kingdom of,
389
Wihtgar, nephew of Cerdic, said have
occupied the Isle of Wight, 383, 389
Willibrod, Benedictine missionary,
541
Winchester (Venta Belgarum), Romano-
British town, 373; Roman road through,
376
Wipbach. See Frigidus
Withicab, King of the Alemanni, murdered,
224
Withimir, King of the Ostrogoths, defeated
and slain, 215, 253
Withington, Roman pavement at, 614 note
Woden, chief divinity of Teutonic mytho.
logy, 386
Wörpe-Bach, 186
Wolkoi (Volcae). See Walchen
Worcestershire, kingdom of Hwicoe includes
part of, 390
Worms, taken by the Alemanni, 66, 266;
victory of Aëtius at, 361
Wreocensaete. See Shropshire
Wroxeter (Viroconium or Uriconium), Ro-
mano-British town, 373; results of ex-
cavations at, 374; 380; Roman roads
at, 376 sq.
Würtemberg, 353 note
Wulfila, Gothic general, commands for
Honorius in Gaul, 274
Wyrtgeorn. See Vortigern
Zabdicene, 74
Zabern, Julian reaches, 66 sq. ; Julian
fortifies pass of, 68; 209 note
Zaragoza, Majorian at, 309
Zaragoza, Council of, reference to monasti-
cism in canons of, 532
Zeno, Emperor of the East (Tarasicodissa),
113; makes treaty with Burgundian king,
284; coins of, found in Childeric's tomb,
299; makes peace with Gaiseric, 311;
driven out by Basiliscus, 429, 437, 473,
515; becomes sole emperor, 431, 472;
restored, 435, 473, 515; receives embassy
from Western Empire, 435, 443; statues
of, set up in Rome, 436; sends Theodoric
to Italy, 438; 467; leader of Isaurians,
470; marries Ariadne, ib. ; made magister
militum, ib. ; reveals treachery of Arda-
burius, 471; and the affairs of the Western
Empire, 474; and Illus, 475 sq. ; treats
with both Theodorics, 475 sq. ; gives up
Verina to Illus, 476; promotes Illus,
477; 478; and the succession, 479;
death, ib. ; sale of property of, 480; 483;
policy of, 515; and the Henoticon, 516 sq. ;
excommunicated by Simplicius, 517, 518;
closes school of Edessa, 519; land legis.
lation under, 560 sq.
Zeno, son of the Emperor Zeno, dies, 479
Zeno, leader of Isaurians, defends Con-
stantinople, 467; made magister militum
per Orientem, ib. ; death, ib.
Zenonis, wife of Basiliscus, favours Armatus,
473
Zeugitana (Africa Proconsularis), assigned
to Vandals, 307, 413; 316; Catholic
clergy expelled from, 320; 410
Zizais, King of the Sarmatae Liberi, 71
Zonaras, cited, 61 note
Zosimus, Bishop of Rome, 151, 179 sq. ;
decretal letters of, 182
Zosimus, historian, 21; opposes Christianity,
113; cited, 8, 15, 236, 273
Zülpich (Tolbiacum), a principal city of
the Ripuarian Franks, 300; battle at, ib.
Zuiderzee, 296; Saxons settled near, 384
Xanten, country of the Chattuarii, 295
Xystus. See Sixtus
Yenisei, River, 324
Yezdegerd I, King of Persia, commercial
treaty with, 462; makes his brother king
of Armenia, 463; persecutes Christians,
464 ; death, ib.
Yezdegerd II, King of Persia, at war with
Rome, 466 sq.
CAMBRIDGE:
PRINTED BY JOHN CLAY, M. A. AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.
## p. 755 (#785) ############################################
.
1
## p. 756 (#786) ############################################
## p. 757 (#787) ############################################
1
1
LIST OF MAPS
VOLUME I
(See separate portfolio)
1. Roman Empire. Eastern Division.
2. Roman Empire. Western Division.
3. Asia (Physical).
4. The Empire in 311.
5. Approximate numbers of the Bishops present at Nicaea.
6. Constantinople.
7. The Euphrates Frontier.
8. The Eastern Patriarchates after 451.
9. The Teutonic Tribes in the 1st and 4th Centuries A. D.
10. The Visigothic Kingdom.
11. Gaul in the 5th Century.
12. Italy under the Ostrogoths.
13. Roman Britain.
14. The Balkan Peninsula in the 4th and 5th Centuries.
## p. 758 (#788) ############################################
H
1
1
## p. 759 (#789) ############################################
Map 1
Roman Empire
Eastern Division
## p. 760 (#790) ############################################
50
2.
A
15
B
20
С
25
D
30
E
35
F
40
G
45
H
50
50
ROMAN EMPIRE
EASTERN DIVISION
At the end of the 4th Century
Natural Scale 1:13,250. 000
250 Miles
NOTE
The colours indicate the seven Dioceses the names of
which are shown thus.
D. OF ASIA
The names of the Provinces are shown thus. LYCIA
o
50
100
150
200
Vindobona
2
Carnuntun
oBassiana
wen
Olbia
45
Poetovio
Æmona
Siscia Mursa
Sirmium
(DACIA
TRAIANA)
Ulpia Traiana
PoSarmizegetusa
Tyras
Palus
Mæotis
Chersonesus
Taurica
45
YTHIA
SCYT
D. OF DACIA MEDITT
PONTUS EUXINUS
Pityus
3
CONSTANTINOPLE (Byzantium)
FEPIRUS
NOVAO
MOESIA SUP
Salonae
DACIA Novae
RIP
MOESIA INF.
Narona
PRAEVA
DARDANIA D. OE THRACIA
LITANA
Philippopolis
THRÅCIA HAEMIMONTUS
MACEDONIA
Dyrrhachium
SALUTARIS Hadrianopolis
MACEDONIA
Deepana. com
Thessalonica
Chrysopolis
Chalcedon
SEUROPA
Lazica
Trapezus,
PONTUS POLEONASS
D. COF MACED
Ancyra
VETUSS
EPIRUS
40
HELLESPON-Prusaseara
PONTUS
OTHESSALIA
REODOPE
PAPHLA-
Nicomedia -GONIA
Propontis
HONORIAS
ZHELENO-
PONTUS/
Neocaesarea
Cyzicus
pero
Myadus D
Gardium Amoympus
TUS Nacolea
DO
Doara
Cotyaum Pessinus
han Mytilene s Thyatt POLA
Parnaga
PADOCIA
Les prospergamum
ARMENIA
Caesarga
Sophene
hre
40
## p. 761 (#791) ############################################
Map 1
Selencia
SNIA
Smytina
't Samas
De Miletus
claudiopolis
en
4
Ephesus
CILICIA
*-
'Margaeus
OPhiladelphia
00F
Laodicea PISIDAconium
Selge
RIA
ISAURIA Seleucia
Q
MESOPOTAMIA
pyssa
Melitene om sopnene
LYCAONIA
ASIA
Nazianzus
ja Amida
Samosata
PAMPHYLIA
Ysbide
io Nişibis
Tarsus Mopsucrenes Edessa
Dalistindus?
LYCLA
Hierapolis
SOSROENE
Singara
Selinue
Antiocho
allinjicum
Laodicea
CYPRUS
D. OF THE
SRhodus
S
35
CRETA
35
EUPHRATENSIS
YRI
5
5
PHOENICE
Bybus
PHOENICE
°Heliopolis
MARITIA
LÍBANI
EAST
Tyrus
Bostra,
Caesarea
ARABIA
Hierosolyma
Berenice
Cyrene
Pentapolis
D.
CYRENAICA
Elisata
Alexandria
OF
AUGUSTAMNICA
30
Trip-
olis
130
LIBYA E
PALESTINA
SALUTARIS
ÆGYPTUS
6
ARCADIA
6
T
25
THEBAIS
25
7
7
C
25
Longitude East
30
of Greenwich
35
F
40
G
B 20
Cambridge University Press
W. & A. K. Johnston Ltd
## p. 762 (#792) ############################################
## p. 763 (#793) ############################################
MAP 2
Roman Empire
Western Division
## p. 764 (#794) ############################################
55
2
A
10
B
5
С
0
D
5
E
10
F
15
G
20
H
25
55
VALENTIA
o
2
Eburacum
D. OF
BRITAIN
tastra Herculis
50
Londinium
Joxandria
GE
RMA
50
LUGDUNENSIS
Bononidos
Confluentes
Treberorumo
Durocortorum CA
Durocatalauni
ཁའ་ནས་ལེགས་
Lutetia
Novesium
Colonia Agrippina
Ambiani
Aquae Mattiacae
Augusta
Tr
hog Mogantiacun
Borgeto magus
Divadu cum
FoEttinger
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Senoneso Augustobona Argentoratum
Fetichium
sodorum Argentovgria!
D.
Augusto
A
SEN KANIA
on Gabillona
Hauriacum
Vindobora
wille a Carnuntum
Aurelanie
OY
NORICUM
RIPENSE
3
Rozdontico
Brigelio
Acindun
o
PANNO
G
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?
VALERIA
AQUITANIAS
DEOFILYR
ISTRI Emongket
Aquileia Satrans
INE
ofAltinuer
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Viegoald
Mursa
cibolde
ALPES
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Burdigla
VIENNENSIS
Augustonemetur bedunum
VENE TIAD
Mediolanum
LIGURIA
Verona
Pacaxium
Aug laurinorura
Pola
KALPES ÆMILIA
Ravenna
COTT Genua
Rubicon FL
ALPED
Ariminum
MAHIT
Macra
Opisae
TUSCIA UMBRIA
Narbo
Massila
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Sirmium
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SD AL TIA
Salonae
NOVEM
MPA
Tolosa
Arelate
FLAMINIA
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PICENU
جه
4
GALLÆCIA
45
## p. 765 (#795) ############################################
Map 2
Sonske
YUNU
Narbo
Massila
om
CENUM
SATTACIA
Alba Fuckntia
SABONTON
CORSICA
Pons VAS
icide
TARRACONENSIS
SCæsa Augusta
Barcino
Tarraco
Numantido
Cauca
o Segovia
D. OF
Ostia
Saxa RubBLERIA
CAMPANIA
40
Dertosa
HAPULIA CALABRIA
7
SARDINIA
LUSITANIA
LUCANAN
Emerita es
I
S
oyalentia
CARTHAGINIENSIS
IN
Scalaris
A
BALEARESIS
Pityussae I.
Panormus
Brilegium
P
Corduba
BAETICA
Hispalis
Messana
5
Lilybaeum
SICILIA
Carthago Nova
Hippo Regius
Syracuse
Cæsarea
Sitifs
Carthago
ZEUGITANA
Septum (Ceuta)
Cirta
CÆSARIENSIS
M AU R Ε Τ Α Ν Ι Α
D.
goes &
35
PENSI
35
O FS
NUMIDIA
BY ZACENA
TINGITANIA
6
6
D
Leptis Magna
TRIPOLIS
I
с
30
ROMAN EMPIRE
WESTERN DIVISION
About the end of the 4th Century
Natural Scale 1: 12. 250,000
250 Miles
NOTE
The colours indicate the six Dioceses the names of which
are shown thus
D. OF GAUL
The names of the Provinces are shown thus VALENTIĄ
Division between administrations of Vicarius Italiae
Vicarius Urbis Romae. .
50
100
150
200
7
BRITAIN The other provinces were Britannia Prima, Britannia Secunda
Forming the
Prefecture
Maxima Cæsariensis, Flavia Cæsariensis. - The districts are uncertain.
of GAUL (SEPTEM PROVINCIAE) Earlier the two provinces of Gaul and
GAUL Vienna(Quinque Provinciae)
SPAIN
Forming the
Prefecture
ITALY
AFRICA
ITALY ILLYRICUM (PANNONIA)
7
of
B
5
Longitude West 0 Longitude East
5
E
10
F
15 G
W. & AK. Johnston Ltd
Cambridge University Press
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## p. 767 (#797) ############################################
MAP 3
Asia
(Physical)
## p. 768 (#798) ############################################
А
20
B
30 С
40
D
50
E
60
60
F
70 G 80
oo
10 F
50
Por,
Tobolo
OF
2
40°F
G RA S
Ishim
BARABIA
STEPPE
(SALT)
S
S Τ Ε Ρ Ρ Ε
40180°F.
(SALT)
50°F.
Tathagata
90°F
Ust-Urts
Plateau
Gry Kamiskey
L. Balkhash
FAMINE
STEPPET
(SALT)
Alakni
3
Ili
KIZIL KUM
Labore
Oxus
urtes
tungus
Chion
(Derbent)
Toy
Hun Walker
(Tashkendio
Bokhara
Samarkand
UN
o
Ahoshan)
MARA KUM
ORókand
Kashgar
SORO
30 50
Tarix
Alai
Pramo oſarkand
4.
Seistan i.
20
ZO°F
Tropic of Cancer. . .
D
50
E
60
Cambridge University Press
F
70
G
80 Long East
## p. 769 (#799) ############################################
Map 3
H
90
100
к
110 L
120
M
130
N
140
O
150
Р
R
A
T
U N D
40
60
كم
.
601
Arctic Circle
E
50
WANG
Bakax
2.
SI
Kos
GRLO
40
DSUNGARIA
1
3
Harfan
m
Hob Nor
30
4
ASIA
(PHYSICAL)
to illustrate migrations
Natural Scale 1:30,000,000
NOTE
Approximate extent of Caspian & Aral Seas
(A) until at least /st Century A. D. & possibly
(C) again about 900 to 1200XD.
Approximate extent during (B) period of
greatest drought about 200 to 600 A. D.
Presumed river or lake channels dur-
ing periods (A) or(C)
Desert, mostly sand.
Highest mount? grass region & north-
ern grass steppe - Summer Pasture
O Mountain slopes & upper valleys among
high mes (only indicated) also gravet
belt-Spring Pasture
Zone of thicker vegetation and of
lower mountain slopes-Autumn Pas-
ture
Winter shelter (not shown) reed thickets among
Take & river beds e. g. Aral & Ala Kul regions.
Northern forest belt. .
Northern fir tree limit.
Isotherms for January, for July
110
L
120
20
0
100
200
300
400
500 Miles
of Greenw. 90
100
к
W. &A. K. Johnston Ltd
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## p. 771 (#801) ############################################
20
A
10
B
C 100
20
E
30
F
40
G
50
H
60
کے
SYT A NE
GAL
! NORICUM
40
RÆ
40
NE
MØESIA
DACIA MOESIA
HISPANTA
DARDANIA (11
LICINIUS
T
DALMATIA
IN
LSI
N
U
PONTUS
MACE. THRACIA
BITHYNIA
2
2
DONIA
☆
GALATIA
TRUE
ARMENIA
A S 14
N
CILICIA
CELESTE
MAURETKA NI
PHENICLA
30
30
M
LIBYA
ARABIA
PALESTINA
THE EMPIRE
IN 311
THE FOUR EMPERORS
Natural Scale 1:32,500,000
200 300 400 500 Miles
3
Μ Α
ÆGY P.
Tropic of Cancer
100
o
100
Мар 4
10
D
20
E
30
40
G
B Longitude West O Longitude East C
Cambridge University Press
W &AK. Johnston Ltd
## p. 772 (#802) ############################################
1
## p. 773 (#803) ############################################
Map 5
10
10
C
20
D
30
E
40
F
Ι Α
GALLIA
Bosporus
RHÆTIA
1
ILLYRICUM
PANNONIA
Gothia
VIENNA
I
ܒ݁ܚ̈ܟ
POLEMONIACO
MOESIA
DACIA
MOESIA
40
Segovia
DALMATIA
PRAENA
SEU LUBDARDANIA
THRACIA
PAPHLA-
BITHYNIA GONIA
DIOS-
PONTUS
ROMA
AL I A
MACE
DONIA
REODOPE
HISPANIA
IEPIRU
EUROPA
GALATIA
ARMENIA
PHRYGIA
CAPPA:
DOCIA
PISIDIA
Corduban
APULA CALABRIA
THESSANA
MESOPOTAMIA
YDIA
RETICA
CILICIA
SAURIA
{OSROENE
CARIA
2
N
PÁCHATA
LYCIA
COLE SYRIA
A
F
AMPHYLLA
CYPRUS
visad
PHOENICE
R
2CRETA
SALESTINA
30
30
A
ARABIA
L I B Y A
XX XXX
APPROXIMATE NUMBERS
of the
BISHOPS PRESENT AT NICAEA
FROM EACH PROVINCE
Natural Scale 1:22,500,000
500 Miles
• = Orthodox Bishop
x =Arianising Bishop
ÆGYPTUS
3
3
100
200
300
400
THE BAIS
0
B
10 Longitude East C of Greenwich 20
D
30
E
Cambridge University Press
W&A K. Johnston Ltd
## p. 774 (#804) ############################################
26
9
28
>
4
## p. 775 (#805) ############################################
26
B
28
30
D
32 E
Mesembriag
Anchialused
Develtum dig
Cabyle
Şozopolis
ENVIRONS
OF
CONSTANTINOPLE
Natural Scale 1:3,750,000
60 70 Miles
0
10 20
30 40
50
42
Agathopolis
1/Passof Bujuk Dervent
42
Demeranlia
HADRIANOPOLIS
Nicoce
2
Long Walls of
2
Maritza
Arcadiopolis
Anastasus
Cyanean Rocks
PHeraclea Pontica
Selymbriaosa
41
Eudoxiopolis
CONSTANTINOPLESE
Melantias
°Diospolis
Claudiopolis
41
Heraclea
Chrysopolis
Schalcedon
Dacibyza
Nicomedia
Drepanum og
Helenopolis
Nicaea
Marmara ! !
D
3
a
Galipoti
Cyzicus
Lampsacus
SpAbydus
Apamea
8
Siberis
Prusa
Sangarus
40
40
Hissarlik
Troy
plantegenstande
Olympus
Dorylaeum
Mygaus
Midaeum)
4
4
Adramyttium
Mytilene
SB
39
Pergamum
Map 6
39
А
26
28 Longitude East C of Greenwich
30
32 E
Cambridge University Press
W. & A. K. Johnston Ltd
## p. 776 (#806) ############################################
## p. 777 (#807) ############################################
Map 7
45
B
40
А
35
BLACK
S E A
Phasis
Trapezus
Araxes F
is die
40
POLE MONIAVUS
40
PONTUS
Theodosiopolis
A R M E NI
Zimara o
87
Arsanias FL
Thospitis)
(L.
