1653 Shuja'
defeated
near Benares (p.
Cambridge History of India - v4 - Mugul Period
162).
Rana of Mewar submits to Khurram (p. 161).
Birth of prince Dara.
Sir Thomas Roe arrives in India (p. 162).
1616 Roe received by Jahangir (p. 162).
Khurram appointed to Deccan (p. 164).
Persian embassy received at Ajmer (p. 170).
Khusrav placed in charge of Khurram (p. 164).
Plague breaks out in N. India (p. 167).
1617 Khurram makes peace in Deccan and receives title of Shah Jahan (p. 165).
Jahangir leaves Mandu for Gujarat (p. 166).
1018 Jahangir leaves Gujarat (p. 166).
Roe, after obtaining farmans for English trade, leaves court (p. 166).
Aurangzib born at Dohad (p. 166).
1619 Jahangir arrives at Agra, and leaves for Kashmir (p. 167).
Campaign in Kishtwar (p. 167).
1620 Kangra fort taken (p. 167).
Shahryar betrothed to Nur Jahan's daughter (by Sher Afgan) (p. 168).
Malik 'Ambar revolts in Deccan (pp. 168, 261).
Shah Jahan again deputed to Deccan (p. 168).
1621 Shah Jahan successful in Deccan (p. 169).
Jahangir leaves Agra for Hills (p. 169).
I'timad-ud-daula dies (p. 169).
1622 Khusrav dies or is murdered (p. 169).
Shah 'Abbas of Persia besieges and takes Qandahar (p. 170).
Shah Jahan ordered to recover Qandahar but rebels (p. 170).
Malik 'Ambar takes Bidar (p. 262).
1623 Shah Jahan defeated by imperial army at Bilochpur (p. 171).
Shah Jahan's forces defeated in Central India (p. 171) and he flies to
Golconda territory, and Orissa (p. 172). ".
1624 Shah Jahan successful in Bengal and Bihar, and Parviz and Mahabat
Khan return from Deccan to meet him (p. 172).
Shah Jahan, defeated near Allahabad, returns through Bengal and Gol-
conda (p. 173).
Birth of Murad Bakhsh (p. 173).
Malik 'Ambar attacks Bijapur (pp. 173, 262).
1625 Shah Jahan joins Malik 'Ambar and unsuccessfully besieges Burhanpur
(pp. 173, 263).
Parviz and Mahabat Khan return to Deccan and Shah Jahan retires to
Balaghat and offers submission (p. 173).
.
## p. 607 (#647) ############################################
CHRONOLOGY
607
A. D.
1625 Mahabat Khan appointed governor of Bengal and summoned to court
(p. 174).
1626 Jahangir starts for Kabul, and is seized by Mahabat Khan (p. 174).
Death of Malik 'Ambar (p. 176).
Shah Jahan moves north towards Sind to meet Mahabat Khan, who
leaves the emperor (p. 177).
Parviz dies at Burhanpur (p. 177).
1627 Jahangir starts for Kashmir, and dies on return journey (p. 178).
Dawar Bakhsh proclaimed successor (p. 183).
Birth of Shivaji.
1628 Shah Jahan proclaimed emperor (p. 183).
Dawar Bakhsh murdered (p. 183).
Jujhar Singh's rebellion (p. 184). .
1629 Rebellion of Khan Jahan Lodi (p. 185).
Shah Jahan leaves Agra for Deccan (pp. 186, 264).
1630 Shah Jahan invades Ahmadnagar territory (pp. 186, 264).
1631 Khan Jahan finally defeated and slain (p. 188).
Death of Mumtaz Mahall (p. 189).
1632 Mughuls invade Bijapur (pp. 189, 264).
Sack of Hooghly (p. 191).
1633 English factories opened at Balasore and Hariharpur (p. 306).
Daulatabad stormed and end of Ahmadnagar dynasty (pp. 193, 265).
1634 Abdal of Baltistan submits (p. 198).
Unsuccessful siege of Parenda (pp. 194, 266).
Death of Mahabat Khan (p. 194).
Insurrection in Bundelkhand (p. 194).
1635 Expedition against Garhwal (p. 207).
1636 Peace made with Bijapur (pp. 197, 267).
Shahji submits, and enters service of Bijapur (pp. 198, 267).
1637 Aurangzib appointed viceroy of Deccan (p. 267).
Annexation of Baglan (p. 200).
1638 Peace between Mughuls and Ahom king (pp. 200, 233).
Qandahar recovered by Mughuls (p. 199).
1639 Invasion of Balkh planned (p. 202).
Foundation of new Delhi laid (p. 220).
1640 Foundation of Fort St George, Madras (p. 306).
1641 Revolt in Kangra (p. 200).
Cheros in Palamau subdued (p. 201).
Death of Asaf Khan (p. 201).
1644 Aurangzib resigns viceroyalty of Deccan (p. 268).
1645 Death of Nur Jahan (p. 202) and of Guru Har Govind (p. 245).
Invasion of Balkh (p. 202).
1646 Shivaji captures Torna (p. 268).
Balkh taken by Murad Bakhsh (p. 203).
1647 Aurangzib replaces Murad Bakhsh but withdraws to Kabul (p. 204).
Shivaji captures Kondhana (Sinhgarh) and other forts (p. 268).
1648 Shahji imprisoned in Bijapur (p. 268).
Ruler of Bijapur recognized as "Shah” (p. 208).
## p. 608 (#648) ############################################
608
CHRONOLOGY
A. D.
1649 Persians recover Qandahar (p. 205).
Inauguration of new Delhi (p. 205).
1651 Aurangzib re-appointed to Deccan (p. 269).
English factory opened at Hooghly (p. 306).
1652 Shuja' grants permission to English to trade in Bengal (p. 306).
Aurangzib fails to recover Qandahar (p. 206).
1654 Expedition against Garhwal (p. 207).
1655 Aurangzib attacks Hyderabad, and Golconda (pp. 208, 270).
1656 Golconda princess marries Aurangzib's son (pp. 208, 270).
Garhwal submits (p. 207).
Aurangzib interferes in succession to Bijapur (pp. 209, 270).
1657 Shivaji raids Ahmadnagar and Junnar, but is pardoned (pp. 210, 272),
Aurangzib takes Bidar, Kalyani and Gulbarga (p. 271).
Illness of Shah Jahan (p. 211).
Murad and Shuja' rebel (p. 211).
1653 Shuja' defeated near Benares (p. 211).
Aurangzib defeats royalists at Dharmatpur (p. 212).
Battle of Samogarh (p. 213).
Aurangzib crowned at Delhi (pp. 215, 222).
1659 Shuja' defeated at Khajuha (p. 224).
Dara defeated at Deorai and executed at Delhi (p. 227).
Second coronation of Aurangzib (p. 228).
Shivaji murders Afzal Khan (p. 272).
1660 Shuja' driven from Bengal flees to Arakan (pp. 226, 480).
Mir Jumla appointed to Bengal (p. 234).
Mughuls occupy Poona and Chakan (p. 257).
1661 Shuja' killed in Arakan (pp. 226, 481).
Murad Bakhsh executed (p. 228).
Capture of Cooch Behar (p. 234).
1662 Assam occupied (p. 234). Cooch Behar recovered by its Raja (p. 236).
Peace with Ahoms (p. 235).
1663 Death of Mir Jumla (p. 235).
Shivaji raids Poona (p. 257).
1664 Shivaji assumes royal title (p. 273) and sacks Surat (p. 258).
1665 Jay Singh defeats Shivaji (p. 258).
1666 Death of Shah Jahan (p. 233).
Chittagong captured (pp. 237, 481).
Shivaji visits Agra, and escapes (p. 258).
1667 Yusufzais rebel (p. 238).
Ahoms recover Assam (p. 235).
1668 Intolerant religious ordinances issued (p. 230).
Sholapur ceded to Mughuls (p. 273).
1669 Destruction of temples ordered (p. 241).
Jat rebellion (p. 243).
1670 Shivaji rebels and again sacks Surat (p. 258).
Chhatra Sal becomes leader of Bundelas (p. 313).
1672 Rebellion of Afridis (p. 238), and of Satnamis (p. 243).
Civil war in Bijapur (p. 255).
## p. 609 (#649) ############################################
CHRONOLOGY
609
A. D.
1673 Shivaji sacks Hubli (p. 275).
1674 Aurangzib conducts campaign against Afghan tribes (p. 239).
Shivaji assumes title of Chhatrapati (pp. 259, 275).
1675 Guru Tegh Bahadur executed (p. 245).
1676 Unsuccessful invasion of Bijapur (p. 255).
1677 Shivaji conquers Carnatic and Mysore (pp. 259, 276).
1678 Marwar occupied by Mughuls (p. 247).
1679 Gauhati temporarily recovered by Mughuls (p. 236).
First English ship enters Ganges (p. 307).
Jizya re-imposed (p. 242).
Mughuls. again invade Bijapur unsuccessfully (pp. 259, 278).
Attack on Mewar (p. 248).
1680 Death of Shivaji and succession of Shambhuji (pp. 259, 278, 279).
1681 Kamrup finally lost by Mughuls (p. 236).
Prince Akbar rebels (p. 250).
Mewar regains freedom (p. 252).
Aurangzib sets out for Deccan (p. 281).
1682 Aurangzib attacks the Marathas (p. 282).
1685 Siege of Bijapur (p. 285).
King of Golconda submits to Aurangzib (p. 287).
Jat rebellion (p. 305).
1686 Fall of Bijapur (p. 287).
English sack and burn Hooghly (p. 308).
1687 Prince Akbar sails for Persia (p. 284).
Shah Alam imprisoned (p. 287).
Golconda captured (p. 289).
Durjan Sal seizes Bundi (p. 303).
English expelled from Hijili (p. 308).
1688 Marathas plunder Conjeveram (p. 291).
Jats rob Akbar's tomb at Sikandra (p. 305).
English factors imprisoned at Surat (p. 309).
1689 Shambhuji captured and executed. Raja Ram succeeds (p. 284).
Aurangzib supreme in north India and Deccan (p. 284).
English abandon Bengal (p. 308) and are besieged in Bombay (p. 309).
1690 Mughuls besiege Raja Ram in Gingee (p. 292).
Maratha successes near Satara (p. 293).
Peace made between Mughuls and English (p. 309).
· 1692 Renewed Maratha activity in Deccan (p. 294).
1693 Marathas raid Berar (p. 294).
1694 Shahji II of Tanjore makes peace with Mughuls (p. 293).
1695 Mughul army defeated by Marathas near Chitaldroog (p. 294).
Shah Alam appointed viceroy of Punjab and Sind (p. 296).
Mughul ships taken by English pirates (p. 309).
1696 Maratha dissensions (p. 295).
Rebellion in Gondwana (p. 314).
1697 Santaji Ghorpare murdered (p. 295).
1698 Gingee stormed (p. 293).
Ajit Singh of Marwar pardoned (p. 304).
39
## p. 610 (#650) ############################################
610
CHRONOLOGY
A. D.
1698 English and Dutch piracy (p. 310).
1699 Raja Ram defeated by Bidar Bakht (p. 295).
Siege of Satara (p. 297).
First Maratha raid in Malwa (p. 313).
1700 Death of Raja Ram (p. 295) and disputes over succession (p. 392).
Satara taken by Mughuls (p. 297).
1701 Aurangzib takes Parli and other forts (pp. 297, 298).
Ja'far Khan appointed revenue minister of Bengal (p. 312).
1702 Durga Das rebels (p. 304).
1703 Sinhgarh taken by bribery (p. 298).
Marathas stop Mughul communications between northern and southern
India (p. 313).
1704 Death of Muhammad Akbar (p. 302).
1705 Chhatra Sal recognised by Aurangzib (p.
Rana of Mewar submits to Khurram (p. 161).
Birth of prince Dara.
Sir Thomas Roe arrives in India (p. 162).
1616 Roe received by Jahangir (p. 162).
Khurram appointed to Deccan (p. 164).
Persian embassy received at Ajmer (p. 170).
Khusrav placed in charge of Khurram (p. 164).
Plague breaks out in N. India (p. 167).
1617 Khurram makes peace in Deccan and receives title of Shah Jahan (p. 165).
Jahangir leaves Mandu for Gujarat (p. 166).
1018 Jahangir leaves Gujarat (p. 166).
Roe, after obtaining farmans for English trade, leaves court (p. 166).
Aurangzib born at Dohad (p. 166).
1619 Jahangir arrives at Agra, and leaves for Kashmir (p. 167).
Campaign in Kishtwar (p. 167).
1620 Kangra fort taken (p. 167).
Shahryar betrothed to Nur Jahan's daughter (by Sher Afgan) (p. 168).
Malik 'Ambar revolts in Deccan (pp. 168, 261).
Shah Jahan again deputed to Deccan (p. 168).
1621 Shah Jahan successful in Deccan (p. 169).
Jahangir leaves Agra for Hills (p. 169).
I'timad-ud-daula dies (p. 169).
1622 Khusrav dies or is murdered (p. 169).
Shah 'Abbas of Persia besieges and takes Qandahar (p. 170).
Shah Jahan ordered to recover Qandahar but rebels (p. 170).
Malik 'Ambar takes Bidar (p. 262).
1623 Shah Jahan defeated by imperial army at Bilochpur (p. 171).
Shah Jahan's forces defeated in Central India (p. 171) and he flies to
Golconda territory, and Orissa (p. 172). ".
1624 Shah Jahan successful in Bengal and Bihar, and Parviz and Mahabat
Khan return from Deccan to meet him (p. 172).
Shah Jahan, defeated near Allahabad, returns through Bengal and Gol-
conda (p. 173).
Birth of Murad Bakhsh (p. 173).
Malik 'Ambar attacks Bijapur (pp. 173, 262).
1625 Shah Jahan joins Malik 'Ambar and unsuccessfully besieges Burhanpur
(pp. 173, 263).
Parviz and Mahabat Khan return to Deccan and Shah Jahan retires to
Balaghat and offers submission (p. 173).
.
## p. 607 (#647) ############################################
CHRONOLOGY
607
A. D.
1625 Mahabat Khan appointed governor of Bengal and summoned to court
(p. 174).
1626 Jahangir starts for Kabul, and is seized by Mahabat Khan (p. 174).
Death of Malik 'Ambar (p. 176).
Shah Jahan moves north towards Sind to meet Mahabat Khan, who
leaves the emperor (p. 177).
Parviz dies at Burhanpur (p. 177).
1627 Jahangir starts for Kashmir, and dies on return journey (p. 178).
Dawar Bakhsh proclaimed successor (p. 183).
Birth of Shivaji.
1628 Shah Jahan proclaimed emperor (p. 183).
Dawar Bakhsh murdered (p. 183).
Jujhar Singh's rebellion (p. 184). .
1629 Rebellion of Khan Jahan Lodi (p. 185).
Shah Jahan leaves Agra for Deccan (pp. 186, 264).
1630 Shah Jahan invades Ahmadnagar territory (pp. 186, 264).
1631 Khan Jahan finally defeated and slain (p. 188).
Death of Mumtaz Mahall (p. 189).
1632 Mughuls invade Bijapur (pp. 189, 264).
Sack of Hooghly (p. 191).
1633 English factories opened at Balasore and Hariharpur (p. 306).
Daulatabad stormed and end of Ahmadnagar dynasty (pp. 193, 265).
1634 Abdal of Baltistan submits (p. 198).
Unsuccessful siege of Parenda (pp. 194, 266).
Death of Mahabat Khan (p. 194).
Insurrection in Bundelkhand (p. 194).
1635 Expedition against Garhwal (p. 207).
1636 Peace made with Bijapur (pp. 197, 267).
Shahji submits, and enters service of Bijapur (pp. 198, 267).
1637 Aurangzib appointed viceroy of Deccan (p. 267).
Annexation of Baglan (p. 200).
1638 Peace between Mughuls and Ahom king (pp. 200, 233).
Qandahar recovered by Mughuls (p. 199).
1639 Invasion of Balkh planned (p. 202).
Foundation of new Delhi laid (p. 220).
1640 Foundation of Fort St George, Madras (p. 306).
1641 Revolt in Kangra (p. 200).
Cheros in Palamau subdued (p. 201).
Death of Asaf Khan (p. 201).
1644 Aurangzib resigns viceroyalty of Deccan (p. 268).
1645 Death of Nur Jahan (p. 202) and of Guru Har Govind (p. 245).
Invasion of Balkh (p. 202).
1646 Shivaji captures Torna (p. 268).
Balkh taken by Murad Bakhsh (p. 203).
1647 Aurangzib replaces Murad Bakhsh but withdraws to Kabul (p. 204).
Shivaji captures Kondhana (Sinhgarh) and other forts (p. 268).
1648 Shahji imprisoned in Bijapur (p. 268).
Ruler of Bijapur recognized as "Shah” (p. 208).
## p. 608 (#648) ############################################
608
CHRONOLOGY
A. D.
1649 Persians recover Qandahar (p. 205).
Inauguration of new Delhi (p. 205).
1651 Aurangzib re-appointed to Deccan (p. 269).
English factory opened at Hooghly (p. 306).
1652 Shuja' grants permission to English to trade in Bengal (p. 306).
Aurangzib fails to recover Qandahar (p. 206).
1654 Expedition against Garhwal (p. 207).
1655 Aurangzib attacks Hyderabad, and Golconda (pp. 208, 270).
1656 Golconda princess marries Aurangzib's son (pp. 208, 270).
Garhwal submits (p. 207).
Aurangzib interferes in succession to Bijapur (pp. 209, 270).
1657 Shivaji raids Ahmadnagar and Junnar, but is pardoned (pp. 210, 272),
Aurangzib takes Bidar, Kalyani and Gulbarga (p. 271).
Illness of Shah Jahan (p. 211).
Murad and Shuja' rebel (p. 211).
1653 Shuja' defeated near Benares (p. 211).
Aurangzib defeats royalists at Dharmatpur (p. 212).
Battle of Samogarh (p. 213).
Aurangzib crowned at Delhi (pp. 215, 222).
1659 Shuja' defeated at Khajuha (p. 224).
Dara defeated at Deorai and executed at Delhi (p. 227).
Second coronation of Aurangzib (p. 228).
Shivaji murders Afzal Khan (p. 272).
1660 Shuja' driven from Bengal flees to Arakan (pp. 226, 480).
Mir Jumla appointed to Bengal (p. 234).
Mughuls occupy Poona and Chakan (p. 257).
1661 Shuja' killed in Arakan (pp. 226, 481).
Murad Bakhsh executed (p. 228).
Capture of Cooch Behar (p. 234).
1662 Assam occupied (p. 234). Cooch Behar recovered by its Raja (p. 236).
Peace with Ahoms (p. 235).
1663 Death of Mir Jumla (p. 235).
Shivaji raids Poona (p. 257).
1664 Shivaji assumes royal title (p. 273) and sacks Surat (p. 258).
1665 Jay Singh defeats Shivaji (p. 258).
1666 Death of Shah Jahan (p. 233).
Chittagong captured (pp. 237, 481).
Shivaji visits Agra, and escapes (p. 258).
1667 Yusufzais rebel (p. 238).
Ahoms recover Assam (p. 235).
1668 Intolerant religious ordinances issued (p. 230).
Sholapur ceded to Mughuls (p. 273).
1669 Destruction of temples ordered (p. 241).
Jat rebellion (p. 243).
1670 Shivaji rebels and again sacks Surat (p. 258).
Chhatra Sal becomes leader of Bundelas (p. 313).
1672 Rebellion of Afridis (p. 238), and of Satnamis (p. 243).
Civil war in Bijapur (p. 255).
## p. 609 (#649) ############################################
CHRONOLOGY
609
A. D.
1673 Shivaji sacks Hubli (p. 275).
1674 Aurangzib conducts campaign against Afghan tribes (p. 239).
Shivaji assumes title of Chhatrapati (pp. 259, 275).
1675 Guru Tegh Bahadur executed (p. 245).
1676 Unsuccessful invasion of Bijapur (p. 255).
1677 Shivaji conquers Carnatic and Mysore (pp. 259, 276).
1678 Marwar occupied by Mughuls (p. 247).
1679 Gauhati temporarily recovered by Mughuls (p. 236).
First English ship enters Ganges (p. 307).
Jizya re-imposed (p. 242).
Mughuls. again invade Bijapur unsuccessfully (pp. 259, 278).
Attack on Mewar (p. 248).
1680 Death of Shivaji and succession of Shambhuji (pp. 259, 278, 279).
1681 Kamrup finally lost by Mughuls (p. 236).
Prince Akbar rebels (p. 250).
Mewar regains freedom (p. 252).
Aurangzib sets out for Deccan (p. 281).
1682 Aurangzib attacks the Marathas (p. 282).
1685 Siege of Bijapur (p. 285).
King of Golconda submits to Aurangzib (p. 287).
Jat rebellion (p. 305).
1686 Fall of Bijapur (p. 287).
English sack and burn Hooghly (p. 308).
1687 Prince Akbar sails for Persia (p. 284).
Shah Alam imprisoned (p. 287).
Golconda captured (p. 289).
Durjan Sal seizes Bundi (p. 303).
English expelled from Hijili (p. 308).
1688 Marathas plunder Conjeveram (p. 291).
Jats rob Akbar's tomb at Sikandra (p. 305).
English factors imprisoned at Surat (p. 309).
1689 Shambhuji captured and executed. Raja Ram succeeds (p. 284).
Aurangzib supreme in north India and Deccan (p. 284).
English abandon Bengal (p. 308) and are besieged in Bombay (p. 309).
1690 Mughuls besiege Raja Ram in Gingee (p. 292).
Maratha successes near Satara (p. 293).
Peace made between Mughuls and English (p. 309).
· 1692 Renewed Maratha activity in Deccan (p. 294).
1693 Marathas raid Berar (p. 294).
1694 Shahji II of Tanjore makes peace with Mughuls (p. 293).
1695 Mughul army defeated by Marathas near Chitaldroog (p. 294).
Shah Alam appointed viceroy of Punjab and Sind (p. 296).
Mughul ships taken by English pirates (p. 309).
1696 Maratha dissensions (p. 295).
Rebellion in Gondwana (p. 314).
1697 Santaji Ghorpare murdered (p. 295).
1698 Gingee stormed (p. 293).
Ajit Singh of Marwar pardoned (p. 304).
39
## p. 610 (#650) ############################################
610
CHRONOLOGY
A. D.
1698 English and Dutch piracy (p. 310).
1699 Raja Ram defeated by Bidar Bakht (p. 295).
Siege of Satara (p. 297).
First Maratha raid in Malwa (p. 313).
1700 Death of Raja Ram (p. 295) and disputes over succession (p. 392).
Satara taken by Mughuls (p. 297).
1701 Aurangzib takes Parli and other forts (pp. 297, 298).
Ja'far Khan appointed revenue minister of Bengal (p. 312).
1702 Durga Das rebels (p. 304).
1703 Sinhgarh taken by bribery (p. 298).
Marathas stop Mughul communications between northern and southern
India (p. 313).
1704 Death of Muhammad Akbar (p. 302).
1705 Chhatra Sal recognised by Aurangzib (p.
