Amadocus
was probably a son of
la Borde, Essai sur la Musique, vol.
la Borde, Essai sur la Musique, vol.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - a
This he did,
ALPI'NUS, a name which Horace (Sat. i. 10. and recovered in consequence, and made peace
36) gives in ridicule to a bombastic poet. He pro with Miletus. He subsequently carried on war with
bably means M. Furius Bibaculus. [BIBACULUS. ) Cyaxares, king of Media, drove the Cimmerians
ALPINUS MONTANUS, one of the Treviri, out of Asia, took Smyrna, and attacked Clazomenae.
the most powerful of the Belgic people, and the The war with Cyaxares, which lasted for five years,
commander of a cohort in the army of Vitellius, from B. c. 590 to 585, arose in consequence of
was sent into Germany after the battle of Cremona, Alyattes receiving under his protection some Scy-
A. D. 70. Together with his brother, D. Alpinus, thians who had fled to him after injuring Cyaxares.
he joined Civilis in the next year. (Tac. Hist. ii. An eclipse of the sun, which happened while the
35, iv. 31, v. 59. ) [Civilis. ]
armies of the two kings were fighting, led to a
ALTHAEA ('Andala), a daughter of the Aeto peace between them, and this was cemented by
lian king Thestius and Eurythemis, and sister of the marriage of Astyages, the son of Cyaxares, with
Leda, Hypermnestra, Iphiclus, Euippus, &c. She Aryenis, the daughter of Alyattes. Alyaites died
was married to Oeneus, king of Calydon, by whom B. c. 561 or 560, after a reign of fifty-seven years,
she became the moother of Troxeus, Thyreus, Cly- and was succeeded by his son Croesus, who appears
menus, and Meleager, and of two daughters, Gorge to have been previously associated with bis father in
and Dežaneira. (Apollod. i. 7. § 10, 8. § 1. ) the government. (Herod. i. 16-22, 25, 73, 74. )
A pollodorus states, that according to some, Mele- The tomb (oñua) of Alyattes is mentioned by
ager was regarded as the fruit of her intercourse Herodotus (i. 93) as one of the wonders of Lydia
with Ares, and that she was mother of Dei- It was north of Sardis, near the lake Gygaea, and
aneira by Dionysus. (Comp. Hygin. Fab. 129, consisted of a large mound of carth, raised upon a
a
## p. 135 (#155) ############################################
ALYPIUS.
135
AMAESIA.
foundation of great stones. It was erected by the Burney, Hisl. of Music, rol. i. p. 83), and they seem
tradespeople, mechanics, and courtezans, and on to belong to an earlier stage of the science. How-
the top of it there were five pillars, which Hero- ever, the work serves to throw some light on the
dotus saw, and on which were mentioned the dif- obscure history of the modes. (See Böckh, de
ferent portions raised by each; from this it ap- Metr. Pind. c. 8. p. 235, c. 9. 12. ) The text,
peared that the courtezans did the greater part. which seemed hopelessly corrupt to Meursius, its
It measured six plethra and two stadia in circum- first editor, was restored, apparently with suc-
ference, and thirteen plethra in breadth. Accord- cess, by the labours of the learned and indefatiga-
ing to some writers, it was called the tomb of the ble Meibomius. (Antiquae Musicae Auctores
courtezan," and was erected by a mistress of Gyges. Septem, ed. Marc. Meibomius, Amstel. 1652 ;
(Clearch. ap. Athen. xiii. p. 573, a. ) This mound Aristoxenus, Nicomachus, Alypius, ed. Joh. Meur-
still exists. Mr. Hamilton says (Researches in Asia sius, Lugd. Bat. 1616. )
(W. F. D. )
Minor, vol. i. p. 145), that it took him about ten
i
ALY'PIUS ('Alúrios), priest of the great
minutes to ride round its base, which would give church at Constantinople, flourished a. D. 430.
it a circumference of nearly a mile; and he also There is extant an epistle from him to St. Cyril
states, that towards the north it consists of the na- | (in Greek), exhorting him to a vigorous resistance
tural rock-a white, horizontally stratified earthy against the heresy of Nestorius. (See Conciliorum
limestone, cut away so as to appear part of the Nova Cullectio, à Munsi, vol v. p. 1463. ) (A. J. C. )
structure. The upper portion, he adds, is sand ALYPUS ("ATUTOS), a statuary, a native of
and gravel, apparently brought from the bed of the Sicyon. He studied under Naucydes, the Argive.
Hermus. He found on the top the remains of a His age may be fixed from his having executed
foundation nearly eighteen feet square, on the bronze statues of some Lacedaemonians who shared
north of which was a huge circular stone ten feet in the victory of Lysander at Aegospotami. (B C.
in diameter, with a flat bottom and a raised edge 405. ) Pausanias also mentions some statues of
or lip, evidently placed there as an ornament on Olympic victors made by him. (vi. 1. $ 2, x. 9. $ 4,
the apex of the tumulus.
vi. 1. & 2, 8. § 3. )
[C. P. M. )
ALY'PIUS ('Alúmos), the author of a Greek ALYZEUS ('Aruteús), a son of Icarius and
musical treatise entitled eisayanyi uovo inh. There brother of Penelope and Leucadius. After his
are no tolerably sure grounds for identifying him father's death, he reigned in conjunction with his
with any one of the various persons who bore the brother over Acarnania, and is said to have founded
name in the times of the later emperors, and of the town of Alyzeia there. (Strab. x. p. 452;
whose history anything is known. According to Steph. Byz. s. v. Mušela. )
(L. S. ]
the most plausible conjecture, he was that Alypius AMA'DOCUS ('Auádokos) or ME'DOCUS
whom Eunapins, in his Life of Iamblichus, cele (Mýboxos), a common name among the Thracians.
brates for his acute intellect (8 dlaNEKTIKÁTATOS It was also, according to Ptolemy, the name of a
'ARúmlos) and diminutive stature, and who, being people and mountains in Thrace. Pausanias (i. 4.
a friend of lamblichus, probably flourisbed under § 4) speaks of an Amadocus who came from the
Julian and his immediate successors. This Aly. Hyperboreans.
pius was a native of Alexandria, and died there at 1. King of the Odrysae in Thrace, was a friend
an advanced age, and therefore can hardly have of Alcibiades, and is mentioned at the time of the
been the person called by Ammianus Marcellinus battle of Aegospotami, B. C. 405. (Diod. xiii. 105. )
Alypius Antiochensis, who was first prefect of Bri- He and Seuthes were the most powerful princes in
tain, and afterwards employed by Julian in his Thrace when Xenophon visited the country in B. C.
attempt to rebuild the Jewish temple. Julian 400. They were, however, frequently at variance,
addresses two epistles (29 and 30) to Alypius but were reconciled to one another by Thrasybulus,
(Ιουλιανός Αλυπίφ αδελφή Καισαρίου), in one of the Athenian commander, in B. c. 390, and induced
which he thanks him for a geographical treatise or by him to become the allies of Athens. (Xen.
it would seem more likely that this was the Anab. vii. 2. § 32, 3. § 16, 7. $ 3, &c. , Hell. iv.
Antiochian than that he was the Alexandrian 8. § 26; Diod. xiv. 94. ) This Amadocus may
Alypius as Meursius supposes, if indeed he was perhaps be the same as the one mentioned by Aris-
either one or the other. Iamblichus wrote a life, totle, who, he says, was attacked by his general
not now extant, of the Alexandrian.
Seuthes, a Thracian. (Pol. v. 8, p. 182, ed. Göttling. )
(Meursius, Not. ad Alyp. p. 186, &c. c. ; Ju- 2. A Ruler in Thrace, who inherited in con-
lian, Epist. xxix. III. and not. p. 297, ed. Heyler ; junction with Berisades and Cersobleptes the do-
Eunapius, Vit. Iamblich. and not. vol. ii. p. 63, ed. minions of Cotys, on the death of the latter in
Wyttenbach ; Amm. Marcell. xxiii. 1. § 2; De B. C. 358.
Amadocus was probably a son of
la Borde, Essai sur la Musique, vol. iii. p. 133. ) Cotys and a brother of the other two princes,
The work of Alypius consists wholly, with the though this is not stated by Demosthenes. (Dem.
exception of a short introduction, of lists of the in Aristocr. p. 623, &c. ) (CER8OBLEPTES. ] Ama-
symbols used (both for voice and instrument) to docus seems to have had a son of the same name.
denote all the sounds in the forty-five scales pro- (Isocr. Philipp. p. 83, d. compared with Harpo
duced by taking each of the fifteen modes in the crat. s. v. 'Auádokos. )
three genera (Diatonic, Chromatic, Enharmonic. ) 3. One of the princes of Thrace, who was de-
It treats, therefore, in fact, of only one (the fifth, feated and taken prisoner by Philip, king of
namely) of the seven branches into which the sub- Macedonia, B. c. 184. (Liv. xxxix. 35. )
ject is, as usual, divided in the introduction; and AMAE'SIA SENTIA is mentioned by Vale-
may possibly be merely a fragment of a larger rius Maximus (viii. 3. & 1) as an instance of a
work. It would have been most valuable if any female who pleaded her own cause before the pre-
considerable number of examples had been left us (A bout B. c. 77. ) She was called Androm
of the actual use of the system of notation de gyne, from having a man's spirit with a female
scribed in it; unfortunately very few remain (see form. Compare APRANIA and HORTENSIA.
chart;
3
tor.
## p. 136 (#156) ############################################
136
AMALTHEIA.
AMASIS.
C. AMAFA'NIUS or AMAFI'NIUS was one | by Servius (ud Acn, vi. 72) and by Lydus (de
of the enrliest Roman writers in favour of the Epicu- Miens. iv. 34); comp. Klausen, Aeneas und die
rean philosophy. He wrote several works, which l’enuten, p. 299, &c.
(L. S. )
are censured by Cicero as deficient in arrangement AMANDUS. (AELIANUS, p. 28, a ]
and style. He is mentioned by no other writer AMARANTUS ('Auápartos), of Alexandria
but Cicero. (Acad. i. 2, Tusc. iv. 3. )
wrote a commentary upon one of Theocritus'
AMALTHEIA ('Auár deia). 1. The nurse of Idyls (Etymol. M. p. 273. 40, ed. Sylb. ), and a
the infant Zeus after his birth in Crete. The an- work entitled teplokrvñs. Respecting bis time.
cients themselves appear to have been as uncertain we only know that he lived subsequently to Juba
about the etymology of the name as about the king of Mauretania. (Athen. viii. p. 343, e. , I.
real nature of Amaltheia. Hesychius derives it p. 414, f. )
from the verb duan Beveiv, to nourish or to enrich; AMARYNCEUS ('Auapuykeus), a chief of the
others from duárdaktos, i. e. firm or bard; and Eleans, and son of Onesimachus or of Acetor.
others again from duard) and bela, according to (Hygin. Fab. 97 ; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 303. ) Ac-
which it would signify the divine goat, or the cording to Hyginus, Amarynceus himself joined the
tender goddess. The common derivation is from expedition against Troy with nineteen ships. Homer,
duéngriv, to milk or suck. According to some on the other hand, only mentions his son Diores
traditions Amaltheia is the goat who suckled the (Amarynceides) as partaking in the 'Trojan war.
infant Jove (Hygin. Poet. A str. ii. 13; Arat. (N. ii. 622. iv. 517. ) When Amarynceus died,
Phaen. 163; Callim. Hymn. in Jov. 49), and who his sons celebrated funeral games in his honour, in
was afterwards rewarded for this service by being which Nestor, as he himself relates (1. xxij. 629,
placed among the stars. (Comp. Apollod. i. 1. § &c. ), took part. According to Pausanias (v. i. &
6. ) [AEGA. ] According to another set of tra- 8) Amarynceus had been of great service to Augeas
ditions Amaltheia was a nymph, and daughter of against Heracles, in return for which Augeas shared
Oceanus, Helios, Haemonius, or of the Cretan his throne with him.
(L. S. )
king Melisseus (Schol. ad Hom. Il. xxi. 194; AMARYNTHUS ('Audpudos), a hunter of
Eratosth. Catast. 13; Apollod. ii. 7. § 5; Lac- Artemis, from whom the town of Amarynthus in
tant. Instit. i. 22; Hygin. l. c. , and Fab. 139, Euboca (Steph. Byz, says Euboea itself) was be
where he calls the nymph Adamanteia), and is said lieved to have derived its name. (Strab. x. p.
to have fed Zeus with the milk of a goat. When this 448. ) From this hero, or rather from the town of
goat once broke off one of her horns, the nymph | Amarynthus, Artemis derived the surname Ama-
Amaltheia filled it with fresh herbs and fruit and rynthia or Amarysia, under which she was wor
gave it to Zeus, who transplaced it together with shipped there and also in Attica. (Paus. i. 31. §
the goat among the stars. (Ovid, Fast. v. 115, 3, comp. Dict. of Ant. s. v. 'Apapuvoia. ) (LS. )
&c. ) According to other accounts Zeus himself AMA'SIS (Αμασις). 1. King of Egypt in
broke off one of the horns of the goat Amaltheia, early times, according to Diodorus (i. 60), in
gave it to the daughters of Melissens, and en- whose reign Egypt was conquered by Actisanes,
dowed it with such powers that whenever the pos- king of Ethiopia. [ACTISANES. ]
sessor wished, it would instantaneously become filled 2. King of Egypt succeeded Apries, the last
with whatever might be desired. (Apollod. I. c. ; king of the line of Psammetichus, in B. C 569.
Schol. ad Callim. l. c. ) This is the story about He was of comparatively low origin (Herodotus,
the origin of the celebrated horn of Amaltheia, i. 172, calls him onuórns), and was born at
commonly called the horn of plenty or cornucopia, Siuph, a town in the Saitic nome. When the
which plays such a prominent part in the stories Egyptians revolted against Apries, Amasis was
of Greece, and which was used in later times as sent to quell the insurrection, but went orer
the symbol of plenty in general. (Strab. x. p. 458, to the side of the rebels, and was proclaimed
iii. p. 151; Diod. iv. 35. ) [ACHELOUS. ) Dion king by them. He defeated Apries in a battle
dorus (iii. 68) gives an account of Amaltheia, near Momemphis, and took him prisoner. He
which differs from all the other traditions. Ac- seemed disposed to treat his captive with great
cording to him the Libyan king Ammon married mildness, but was induced to deliver him up into
Amaltheia, a maiden of extraordinary beauty, and the hands of the Egyptians, who put him to death.
gave her a very fertile tract of land which had the It was probably to strengthen himself against a
form of a bull's horn, and received from its queen powerful party formed against him amongst the
the name of the horn of Amaltheia. Tbis account, warrior-caste, that he cultivated the friendship of
however, is only one of the many specimens of a the Greeks. He not only gave up to them the city
rationalistic interpretation of the ancient mythus. of Naucratis, which had hitherto been their only
The horn appears to be one of the most ancient mart, but opened all the mouths of the Nile to
and simplest vessels for drinking, and thus we find them, and allowed them to build temples to their
the story of Amaltheia giving Zeus to drink from own deities. He contracted an alliance with the
a horn represented in an ancient work of art still Greeks of Cyrene, and himself married Ladice, a
(Galeria Giustiniani, ii. p. 61. ) The Cyrenaic lady. (Herod.
ALPI'NUS, a name which Horace (Sat. i. 10. and recovered in consequence, and made peace
36) gives in ridicule to a bombastic poet. He pro with Miletus. He subsequently carried on war with
bably means M. Furius Bibaculus. [BIBACULUS. ) Cyaxares, king of Media, drove the Cimmerians
ALPINUS MONTANUS, one of the Treviri, out of Asia, took Smyrna, and attacked Clazomenae.
the most powerful of the Belgic people, and the The war with Cyaxares, which lasted for five years,
commander of a cohort in the army of Vitellius, from B. c. 590 to 585, arose in consequence of
was sent into Germany after the battle of Cremona, Alyattes receiving under his protection some Scy-
A. D. 70. Together with his brother, D. Alpinus, thians who had fled to him after injuring Cyaxares.
he joined Civilis in the next year. (Tac. Hist. ii. An eclipse of the sun, which happened while the
35, iv. 31, v. 59. ) [Civilis. ]
armies of the two kings were fighting, led to a
ALTHAEA ('Andala), a daughter of the Aeto peace between them, and this was cemented by
lian king Thestius and Eurythemis, and sister of the marriage of Astyages, the son of Cyaxares, with
Leda, Hypermnestra, Iphiclus, Euippus, &c. She Aryenis, the daughter of Alyattes. Alyaites died
was married to Oeneus, king of Calydon, by whom B. c. 561 or 560, after a reign of fifty-seven years,
she became the moother of Troxeus, Thyreus, Cly- and was succeeded by his son Croesus, who appears
menus, and Meleager, and of two daughters, Gorge to have been previously associated with bis father in
and Dežaneira. (Apollod. i. 7. § 10, 8. § 1. ) the government. (Herod. i. 16-22, 25, 73, 74. )
A pollodorus states, that according to some, Mele- The tomb (oñua) of Alyattes is mentioned by
ager was regarded as the fruit of her intercourse Herodotus (i. 93) as one of the wonders of Lydia
with Ares, and that she was mother of Dei- It was north of Sardis, near the lake Gygaea, and
aneira by Dionysus. (Comp. Hygin. Fab. 129, consisted of a large mound of carth, raised upon a
a
## p. 135 (#155) ############################################
ALYPIUS.
135
AMAESIA.
foundation of great stones. It was erected by the Burney, Hisl. of Music, rol. i. p. 83), and they seem
tradespeople, mechanics, and courtezans, and on to belong to an earlier stage of the science. How-
the top of it there were five pillars, which Hero- ever, the work serves to throw some light on the
dotus saw, and on which were mentioned the dif- obscure history of the modes. (See Böckh, de
ferent portions raised by each; from this it ap- Metr. Pind. c. 8. p. 235, c. 9. 12. ) The text,
peared that the courtezans did the greater part. which seemed hopelessly corrupt to Meursius, its
It measured six plethra and two stadia in circum- first editor, was restored, apparently with suc-
ference, and thirteen plethra in breadth. Accord- cess, by the labours of the learned and indefatiga-
ing to some writers, it was called the tomb of the ble Meibomius. (Antiquae Musicae Auctores
courtezan," and was erected by a mistress of Gyges. Septem, ed. Marc. Meibomius, Amstel. 1652 ;
(Clearch. ap. Athen. xiii. p. 573, a. ) This mound Aristoxenus, Nicomachus, Alypius, ed. Joh. Meur-
still exists. Mr. Hamilton says (Researches in Asia sius, Lugd. Bat. 1616. )
(W. F. D. )
Minor, vol. i. p. 145), that it took him about ten
i
ALY'PIUS ('Alúrios), priest of the great
minutes to ride round its base, which would give church at Constantinople, flourished a. D. 430.
it a circumference of nearly a mile; and he also There is extant an epistle from him to St. Cyril
states, that towards the north it consists of the na- | (in Greek), exhorting him to a vigorous resistance
tural rock-a white, horizontally stratified earthy against the heresy of Nestorius. (See Conciliorum
limestone, cut away so as to appear part of the Nova Cullectio, à Munsi, vol v. p. 1463. ) (A. J. C. )
structure. The upper portion, he adds, is sand ALYPUS ("ATUTOS), a statuary, a native of
and gravel, apparently brought from the bed of the Sicyon. He studied under Naucydes, the Argive.
Hermus. He found on the top the remains of a His age may be fixed from his having executed
foundation nearly eighteen feet square, on the bronze statues of some Lacedaemonians who shared
north of which was a huge circular stone ten feet in the victory of Lysander at Aegospotami. (B C.
in diameter, with a flat bottom and a raised edge 405. ) Pausanias also mentions some statues of
or lip, evidently placed there as an ornament on Olympic victors made by him. (vi. 1. $ 2, x. 9. $ 4,
the apex of the tumulus.
vi. 1. & 2, 8. § 3. )
[C. P. M. )
ALY'PIUS ('Alúmos), the author of a Greek ALYZEUS ('Aruteús), a son of Icarius and
musical treatise entitled eisayanyi uovo inh. There brother of Penelope and Leucadius. After his
are no tolerably sure grounds for identifying him father's death, he reigned in conjunction with his
with any one of the various persons who bore the brother over Acarnania, and is said to have founded
name in the times of the later emperors, and of the town of Alyzeia there. (Strab. x. p. 452;
whose history anything is known. According to Steph. Byz. s. v. Mušela. )
(L. S. ]
the most plausible conjecture, he was that Alypius AMA'DOCUS ('Auádokos) or ME'DOCUS
whom Eunapins, in his Life of Iamblichus, cele (Mýboxos), a common name among the Thracians.
brates for his acute intellect (8 dlaNEKTIKÁTATOS It was also, according to Ptolemy, the name of a
'ARúmlos) and diminutive stature, and who, being people and mountains in Thrace. Pausanias (i. 4.
a friend of lamblichus, probably flourisbed under § 4) speaks of an Amadocus who came from the
Julian and his immediate successors. This Aly. Hyperboreans.
pius was a native of Alexandria, and died there at 1. King of the Odrysae in Thrace, was a friend
an advanced age, and therefore can hardly have of Alcibiades, and is mentioned at the time of the
been the person called by Ammianus Marcellinus battle of Aegospotami, B. C. 405. (Diod. xiii. 105. )
Alypius Antiochensis, who was first prefect of Bri- He and Seuthes were the most powerful princes in
tain, and afterwards employed by Julian in his Thrace when Xenophon visited the country in B. C.
attempt to rebuild the Jewish temple. Julian 400. They were, however, frequently at variance,
addresses two epistles (29 and 30) to Alypius but were reconciled to one another by Thrasybulus,
(Ιουλιανός Αλυπίφ αδελφή Καισαρίου), in one of the Athenian commander, in B. c. 390, and induced
which he thanks him for a geographical treatise or by him to become the allies of Athens. (Xen.
it would seem more likely that this was the Anab. vii. 2. § 32, 3. § 16, 7. $ 3, &c. , Hell. iv.
Antiochian than that he was the Alexandrian 8. § 26; Diod. xiv. 94. ) This Amadocus may
Alypius as Meursius supposes, if indeed he was perhaps be the same as the one mentioned by Aris-
either one or the other. Iamblichus wrote a life, totle, who, he says, was attacked by his general
not now extant, of the Alexandrian.
Seuthes, a Thracian. (Pol. v. 8, p. 182, ed. Göttling. )
(Meursius, Not. ad Alyp. p. 186, &c. c. ; Ju- 2. A Ruler in Thrace, who inherited in con-
lian, Epist. xxix. III. and not. p. 297, ed. Heyler ; junction with Berisades and Cersobleptes the do-
Eunapius, Vit. Iamblich. and not. vol. ii. p. 63, ed. minions of Cotys, on the death of the latter in
Wyttenbach ; Amm. Marcell. xxiii. 1. § 2; De B. C. 358.
Amadocus was probably a son of
la Borde, Essai sur la Musique, vol. iii. p. 133. ) Cotys and a brother of the other two princes,
The work of Alypius consists wholly, with the though this is not stated by Demosthenes. (Dem.
exception of a short introduction, of lists of the in Aristocr. p. 623, &c. ) (CER8OBLEPTES. ] Ama-
symbols used (both for voice and instrument) to docus seems to have had a son of the same name.
denote all the sounds in the forty-five scales pro- (Isocr. Philipp. p. 83, d. compared with Harpo
duced by taking each of the fifteen modes in the crat. s. v. 'Auádokos. )
three genera (Diatonic, Chromatic, Enharmonic. ) 3. One of the princes of Thrace, who was de-
It treats, therefore, in fact, of only one (the fifth, feated and taken prisoner by Philip, king of
namely) of the seven branches into which the sub- Macedonia, B. c. 184. (Liv. xxxix. 35. )
ject is, as usual, divided in the introduction; and AMAE'SIA SENTIA is mentioned by Vale-
may possibly be merely a fragment of a larger rius Maximus (viii. 3. & 1) as an instance of a
work. It would have been most valuable if any female who pleaded her own cause before the pre-
considerable number of examples had been left us (A bout B. c. 77. ) She was called Androm
of the actual use of the system of notation de gyne, from having a man's spirit with a female
scribed in it; unfortunately very few remain (see form. Compare APRANIA and HORTENSIA.
chart;
3
tor.
## p. 136 (#156) ############################################
136
AMALTHEIA.
AMASIS.
C. AMAFA'NIUS or AMAFI'NIUS was one | by Servius (ud Acn, vi. 72) and by Lydus (de
of the enrliest Roman writers in favour of the Epicu- Miens. iv. 34); comp. Klausen, Aeneas und die
rean philosophy. He wrote several works, which l’enuten, p. 299, &c.
(L. S. )
are censured by Cicero as deficient in arrangement AMANDUS. (AELIANUS, p. 28, a ]
and style. He is mentioned by no other writer AMARANTUS ('Auápartos), of Alexandria
but Cicero. (Acad. i. 2, Tusc. iv. 3. )
wrote a commentary upon one of Theocritus'
AMALTHEIA ('Auár deia). 1. The nurse of Idyls (Etymol. M. p. 273. 40, ed. Sylb. ), and a
the infant Zeus after his birth in Crete. The an- work entitled teplokrvñs. Respecting bis time.
cients themselves appear to have been as uncertain we only know that he lived subsequently to Juba
about the etymology of the name as about the king of Mauretania. (Athen. viii. p. 343, e. , I.
real nature of Amaltheia. Hesychius derives it p. 414, f. )
from the verb duan Beveiv, to nourish or to enrich; AMARYNCEUS ('Auapuykeus), a chief of the
others from duárdaktos, i. e. firm or bard; and Eleans, and son of Onesimachus or of Acetor.
others again from duard) and bela, according to (Hygin. Fab. 97 ; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 303. ) Ac-
which it would signify the divine goat, or the cording to Hyginus, Amarynceus himself joined the
tender goddess. The common derivation is from expedition against Troy with nineteen ships. Homer,
duéngriv, to milk or suck. According to some on the other hand, only mentions his son Diores
traditions Amaltheia is the goat who suckled the (Amarynceides) as partaking in the 'Trojan war.
infant Jove (Hygin. Poet. A str. ii. 13; Arat. (N. ii. 622. iv. 517. ) When Amarynceus died,
Phaen. 163; Callim. Hymn. in Jov. 49), and who his sons celebrated funeral games in his honour, in
was afterwards rewarded for this service by being which Nestor, as he himself relates (1. xxij. 629,
placed among the stars. (Comp. Apollod. i. 1. § &c. ), took part. According to Pausanias (v. i. &
6. ) [AEGA. ] According to another set of tra- 8) Amarynceus had been of great service to Augeas
ditions Amaltheia was a nymph, and daughter of against Heracles, in return for which Augeas shared
Oceanus, Helios, Haemonius, or of the Cretan his throne with him.
(L. S. )
king Melisseus (Schol. ad Hom. Il. xxi. 194; AMARYNTHUS ('Audpudos), a hunter of
Eratosth. Catast. 13; Apollod. ii. 7. § 5; Lac- Artemis, from whom the town of Amarynthus in
tant. Instit. i. 22; Hygin. l. c. , and Fab. 139, Euboca (Steph. Byz, says Euboea itself) was be
where he calls the nymph Adamanteia), and is said lieved to have derived its name. (Strab. x. p.
to have fed Zeus with the milk of a goat. When this 448. ) From this hero, or rather from the town of
goat once broke off one of her horns, the nymph | Amarynthus, Artemis derived the surname Ama-
Amaltheia filled it with fresh herbs and fruit and rynthia or Amarysia, under which she was wor
gave it to Zeus, who transplaced it together with shipped there and also in Attica. (Paus. i. 31. §
the goat among the stars. (Ovid, Fast. v. 115, 3, comp. Dict. of Ant. s. v. 'Apapuvoia. ) (LS. )
&c. ) According to other accounts Zeus himself AMA'SIS (Αμασις). 1. King of Egypt in
broke off one of the horns of the goat Amaltheia, early times, according to Diodorus (i. 60), in
gave it to the daughters of Melissens, and en- whose reign Egypt was conquered by Actisanes,
dowed it with such powers that whenever the pos- king of Ethiopia. [ACTISANES. ]
sessor wished, it would instantaneously become filled 2. King of Egypt succeeded Apries, the last
with whatever might be desired. (Apollod. I. c. ; king of the line of Psammetichus, in B. C 569.
Schol. ad Callim. l. c. ) This is the story about He was of comparatively low origin (Herodotus,
the origin of the celebrated horn of Amaltheia, i. 172, calls him onuórns), and was born at
commonly called the horn of plenty or cornucopia, Siuph, a town in the Saitic nome. When the
which plays such a prominent part in the stories Egyptians revolted against Apries, Amasis was
of Greece, and which was used in later times as sent to quell the insurrection, but went orer
the symbol of plenty in general. (Strab. x. p. 458, to the side of the rebels, and was proclaimed
iii. p. 151; Diod. iv. 35. ) [ACHELOUS. ) Dion king by them. He defeated Apries in a battle
dorus (iii. 68) gives an account of Amaltheia, near Momemphis, and took him prisoner. He
which differs from all the other traditions. Ac- seemed disposed to treat his captive with great
cording to him the Libyan king Ammon married mildness, but was induced to deliver him up into
Amaltheia, a maiden of extraordinary beauty, and the hands of the Egyptians, who put him to death.
gave her a very fertile tract of land which had the It was probably to strengthen himself against a
form of a bull's horn, and received from its queen powerful party formed against him amongst the
the name of the horn of Amaltheia. Tbis account, warrior-caste, that he cultivated the friendship of
however, is only one of the many specimens of a the Greeks. He not only gave up to them the city
rationalistic interpretation of the ancient mythus. of Naucratis, which had hitherto been their only
The horn appears to be one of the most ancient mart, but opened all the mouths of the Nile to
and simplest vessels for drinking, and thus we find them, and allowed them to build temples to their
the story of Amaltheia giving Zeus to drink from own deities. He contracted an alliance with the
a horn represented in an ancient work of art still Greeks of Cyrene, and himself married Ladice, a
(Galeria Giustiniani, ii. p. 61. ) The Cyrenaic lady. (Herod.
