No More Learning

Stukeley, W. Itinerarium Curiosum, 1724-76.
Watkin, W. T. Roman Lancashire, 1883, and Roman Cheshire, 1886.
See also the publications of the Societies of Antiquaries of London, Newcastle and
Scotland, and the Archaeological Journal.
The student needs to be warned that the literature of Roman Britain contains
a larger proportion than the literature of any other historical subject, of unsound
and unscholarly work. Much of this is valuable as a record of finds, but the
interpretation of the finds and the theories based on them are too often worthless,
even when they seem to be authoritative. This class of literature has, as far as
possible, not been quoted above.
CH. XIII (A).


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668
CHAPTER XIII (B).
TEUTONIC CONQUEST OF BRITAIN.
1. PRIMARY AUTHORITIES.
or
(a) Roman.
Earliest references to Angles and Saxons.
Tacitus. Germania. Cap. 40. Transl. Church, A. J. and Brodribb, W. J. (The
Agricola and Germany of Tacitus). London. 1868.
Claudius Ptolemaeus. Geographia. Lib. ii, cap. 11.
Eutropius. Breviarium. Lib. ix, cap. 21.
Orosius. Historiae. Lib. vii, cap. 25.
Ammianus Marcellinus. Lib. xxvi, capp. 4, 5; XXVII, 8; XXVIII, 2, 5; xxx, 7.
Notitia Dignitatum. Ed. Seeck, 0. Berlin. 1876.
(Editions will be found in Bibl. to c. vi. )
Most of these passages can be found collected in either
Horsley, John. Britannia Romana. London. 1732.
Elton, C. J. Origins of English History. London. 1882. 2nd edn. 1890.
(6) ENGLISH TRADITIONS.
Alfred's Orosius. Lib. I, cap. 1. Ed. Sweet, H. E. E. T. S. Orig. ser. 79. Pt 1.
O. E. text and Latin original. London. 1883. Also App. to Pauli's Life of
Alfred (with literal transl. by Thorpe). London. 1857.
Bede. Historia Ecclesiastica. Lib. 1, cap. 15. Ed. Plummer. Oxford. 1896.
Vitae duorum Offarum. (In Wats' edn. of Matthew Paris. London. 1640. )
On which see Saxo Grammaticus, Gesta Danorum. (Ed. Holder, A.
Strassburg. 1886. ) pp. 105–50.
Widsith. The Anglo-Saxon poem, vv. 35 ff. , and passim. Cf. Beowulf, vv. 1944 ff.
in Grein-Wülker. Bibliothek der Angelsachsischen Poesie. Vol. 1. Cassel.
1881. Also in Sedgefield's Beowulf. Manchester. 1910. pp. 139 ff.
William of Malmesbury. 11, 116. Ed. Stubbs, W. Rolls Series. London, 1887-9.
(c) REFERENCES TO THE INVASION.
Gildas. De excidio et conquestu Britanniae. Ed. Mommsen, T. in MGH, auct.
ant. xii, 1-85.
Monumenta Hist. Britannica, as below.
Nennius. Historia Brittonum. $$ 31 ff. MGH, auct. ant. XIII, 111-98. 1894.
Petrie, H. and Hardy, T. D. Monumenta Hist. Britannica. London. 1848.
And with transl. Williams, H. Cymmrodorion Record. Ser. 3. London. 1899.
(Best edn. ) Stevenson, J. (English Hist. Soc. ) London. 1838. And many
early edns.
Prosper Tiro, ed. MGH, ix, pp. 385-499.


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Bibliography
669
Saxon Chronicle. Annals, 449 ff. Ed. Thorpe, B. Rolls series. 2 vols. London.
1861. Earle, J. Two of the Saxon Chronicles parallel. Oxford. 1865.
Plummer, C. (based on Earle). 2 vols. Oxford. 1892–9. (Best edn. ) Transl.
Stevenson, J.
(Church historians of England. ) London. 1853–8. Gomme,
E. F. London. 1909 (based on Plummer).
(Cf. Procopius. De Bello Gothico. iv, 20. )
(d) Events OF Sixth CENTURY.
Historia Brittonum. $$ 57 ff.
Saxon Chronicle. See above.
See also Liebermann, Felix. Die Gesetze der Angelsachsen. Halle. 1898–9.
II.
SECONDARY WORKS.
Chadwick, H. M. Origin of the English Nation. Cambridge. 1907.
Engelhardt, C. Denmark in the Early Iron Age (transl. ). London. 1866. Also
French transl. by Beauvais, E. (Mém. de la Soc. des antiquaires du Nord).
Copenhagen. 1883. And other edns.
Guest, E. Origines Celticae. 2 vols. London. 1883. (For a destructive criticism,
see Stevenson below. )
Hodgkin, T. Political History of England. Vol. 1. London. 1906.
Hoops, J. Waldbäume und Kulturpflanzen im germanischen Altertum etc. p. 92 ff.
Strassburg. 1905.
Kemble, J. M. The Saxons in England. London. 1849. Ed. Birch, W. de G.
2 vols. 1876.
Lloyd, J. E. History of Wales. 2 vols. London. 1911.
Meitzen, August. Siedelung und Agrarwesen der Westgermanen und Ostgermanen
etc. Berlin. 1895.
Montelius. The Civilization of Sweden in Heathen Times. London.
1888. And
Leipsic. 1906.
Müller, Sophus. Vor Fortid. Nordische Alterthumskunde. Vol. 11. Strassburg.
1898.
Oman, C. England before the Norman Conquest. London. 1910.
Round, J. H. The Settlement of the South- and East-Saxons. In Commune of
London. Westminster. 1899.
Seebohm, F. The English Village Community. London. 1883. 4th edition.
1890. Reprinted 1896.
Tribal Custom in Anglo-Saxon Law. London. 1902.
Stevenson, W. H. on Dr Guest and the English Conquest of South Britain. EHR,
XVII, p. 625.
Victoria History of the Counties of England. 1900. In progress.
Vinogradoff, P. The Growth of the Manor. London. 1905.
On Runes :-
Vietor, W. Die Northumbrischen Runensteine. Marburg. 1895.
Winner, L. F. A. Die Runenschrift. 2nd edn. transl. by Holthausen, F. Berlin.
1887.
CH. XIII (B).


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670
Teutonic Conquest of Britain
NOTE ON AUTHORITIES,
The date and authorship of the Historia Brittonum have long been matter of dispute.
Schoell and La Borderie (1851 and 1883) held the view that the work was written in the first
quarter of the ninth century A. D. , discrediting the alleged authorship of Nennius. Zimmer
(1893), Duchesne (1894) and Thurneysen (1895) all claim for Nennius some share in the
compilation of the book, which they date between 790 and 830. There is no doubt that it
is a highly composite work. Zimmer and Thurneysen agree in dating the composition of
the nucleus of the Historia Brittonum in 679. The sections with which we are concerned
are $$ 31-49 and 88 56-66. The greater part of the latter appears to be derived from an
English genealogical document connected with the genealogies which appear in several
early MSS. e. g. Cott. Vesp. B 6 (published in Sweet's Oldest English Texts pp. 167–71),
C. C. C. C. 183 and the Textus Roffensis, to which some notices of Welsh origin have also
been added. There is some reason for believing that $8 31-49 likewise are partly of
English origin (cf. Chadwick, Origin of the English Nation, pp. 38 ff. and 345).
The Saxon Chronicle down to the year 892 is preserved in two recensions, one of which
is represented by texts A, B, C, the other by texts D, E, F, for which see Plummer's
introduction. The latter or northern recension contains many additions derived chiefly
from Bede's Ecclesiastical History and from some lost Northumbrian annals, which can
be traced also in Simeon of Durham and Roger of Howden. The lost archetype from
which all the texts are descended down to 892 was perhaps itself extended from an
earlier chronicle composed in the time of Aethelwulf. For the period with which we are
concerned, the chief sources of the chronicle are firstly the Chronological Summary in
Bede's Ecclesiastical History v. 24, secondly a genealogical document intimately related
to those mentioned in the preceding note, and thirdly a series of annals of unknown
authorship dealing chiefly with Wessex, which appear to have extended to a time shortly
after the middle of the eighth century, though this last section may consist of elements
of different date. The value of earlier entries derived from this last source is difficult to
estimate, but in any case it is extremely doubtful whether the dates assigned to events
before the end of the sixth century can be trusted.


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671
CHAPTER XIV.
ITALY TO THE REVOLUTION OF ODOVACAR.
I. SPECIAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES.
Some account of the original authorities for the period may be found in
Ebert, A. Geschichte der christlich-lateinischen Literatur. Vol. 1. Leipsic.
1874.
Gibbon, E. The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. Ed. Bury, J. B. Vol. 11,
Appendix 1. Vol. iv, Appendix 1. See Gen. Bibl.
Hodgkin, T. Italy and her Invaders. Vol. 1, Part 11, and Vol. 11. Second edition.
Oxford. 1892 (at the beginning of each chapter).
Schmidt, L. Geschichte der deutschen Stämme. Berlin.