No More Learning

It was
(Orelli, p. 17, No. 116; p. 335, No. 1818), in one of however put down in the same year, and Anicetus,
which she is mentioned along with Angerona, and who had taken refuge at the mouth of the river
in another her name appears in the plural form. Cohibus, was surrendered by the king of the Sedo-
From a third inscription (Orelli, p. 87, No. 115) it chezi to the lieutenant of Vespasian, and put to
seems that she had a temple and a treasury be death. (Tac. Hist. iii. 47, 48. )
longing to it. The Silvia Angitia between Alba and 3. A Greek grammarian, who appears to have
lake Fucinus derived its name from her. (Solin. written a glossary. (Athen. xi. p. 783, c. ; comp.
c. 2. )
[L. S. ] Alciphr. i. 28, with Bergler's note. )
ANIA'NUS, the referendarius (Dufresne, ANI'CIA GENS. Persons of the name of
Gloss. s. v. ) of Alaric the second, king of the Visi- Anicius are mentioned first in the beginning of the
goths, and employed in that capacity to authenti- second century B. C. Their cognomen was Gallus.
cate with his subscription the official copies of the Those whose cognomen is not mentioned are given
Breviarium. (Dict. of Ant. s. v. Breviarium. ) | under A NICIUS.
In his subscription he used the words Anianus, vir ANI'CIUS. 1. CN, ANIcics, a legate of Paullus
spectabilis subscripsi et edidi, and it is probable that, in the Macedonian war, b c. 168. (Liv. xliv. 46. )
from a misunderstanding of the word edidi, pro- 2. T. ANICIUS, who said that Q. Cicero had
ceeded the common notion that he was the author given him a commission to purchase a place in the
of the Romano-Gothic code, which has thence suburbs for him, B. c. 54. (Cic. ad Qu. Fr. ii. 1. $7. )
sometimes been called Breviarium Aniani. The 3. C. ANICIUS, a senator and a friend of Cicero,
subscription took place at Aire (Aduris) in Gas- whose villa was near that of the latter. Cicero
coigne, A. D. 506. (Silberrad, ad Heinec. Hist. gave him a letter of introduction to Q. Comificius
Jur. Germ. & 15. ) Sigebert (de ecclesiusticis scrip in Africa, when Anicius was going there with the
toribus, c. 70, cited by Jac. Godefroi, Prolegomena privilege of a le ratio libera (Dict. of Ant. s. r. Legatus)
in Cod. Theodos. $ 5) says, that Anianus translated in B. C. 44. (Cic. ad Qu. Fr. ii. 19, ad Fam. vii.
from Greek into Latin the work of Chrysostom 26, xii. 21. )
upon St. Matthew; but respecting this, see the ANI'GRIDES ('Aviyp. des), the nymphs of the
following article, No. 2.
[J. T. G. ) river Anigrus in Elis. On the coast of Elis, not
ANIANUS ('Aviavós). 1. An Egyptian monk, far from the mouth of the river, there was a grotto
who lived at the beginning of the 5th century after sacred to them, which was visited by persons
Christ, and wrote a chronography, in which, accord- afflicted with cutaneous diseases. They were cured
ing to Syncellus, he generally followed Eusebius, here by prayers and sacrifices to the nymphs, and
but sometimes corrected errors made by that writer. by bathing in the river. (Paus. v. 5. $ 6 ; Strab.
It is, however, very doubtful whether Anianus, on viii. p. 346 ; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 880. ) [L. S. ]
the whole, surpassed Eusebius in accuracy. Syn- A'NIUS (“Avios), a son of Apollo by Creusan
celluis frequently finds fault with him. (Syncell
. or according to others by Rhoeo, the daughter
Chronogr. pp. 7, 16, 17, 34–36. )
of Staphylus, who when her pregnancy became
2. Deacon of Celeda, in Italy, at the begin. known was exposed by her angry father in a chest
ning of the 5th century, a native of Campania. on the waves of the sea. The chest landed in
was the amanuensis of Pelagius, and himself | Delos, and when Rhoeo was delivered of a boy she
a waim Pelangian. He was present at the synod consecrated him to the service of Apollo, who en-
oi Diuspolis i'r. L. 415), and wrote on the Pelagian dowed him with prophetic powers. (Diod. v. 62;


## p. 179 (#199) ############################################

ANNA COMNENA.
179
ANNA PERENNA,
Conon, Nurrat. 41. ) Anius had by Dryope | hemond, then prince of Antioch, in Greece and
three daughters, Oeno, Spermo, and Elais, to whoin l. peirus. In the fourteenth book are related the
Dionysus gave the power of producing at will any successful wars of Alexis against the Turks after
quantity of wine, corn, and oil,—whence they were they had been weakened by the Crusaders; and
called Venotropac. When the Greeks on their in the fifteenth she gives a rather short relation of
expedition to Troy landed in Dclos, Anius endeav- the latter part of the reign of her father. This
oured to persuade them to stay with him for nine division shews that she did not start from a his-
years, as it was decreed by fate that they should not torical but merely from a biographical point of
trke Troy until the tenth year, and he promised vie
with the help of his three daughters to supply To write the life of a man like Alexis I. was a
thein with all they wanted during that period. difficult task for his daughter, and this difficulty
(Pherccyd. ap. Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 509 ; Ov. Met. did noi escape her sagacity. “ If I praise Alexis,"
xiji. 623, &c. ; comp. Dictys Cret i. 23. ) After she says in the preface, the world will accuse me
the fall of Troy, when Aeneas arrived in Delos, he of having paid greater attention to his glory than
was kindly received by Anius (Ov. l. c. ; Virg. Am. to truth; and whenever I shall be obliged to blame
iii. 30, with Servius), and a Greek tradition stated some of his actions, I shall run the risk of being
that Aencas married a daughter of Anins, of the accused of impious injustice. ” However, this self-
name of Lavinia, who was, like her father, endowed justification is mere mockery. Anna knew very
with prophetic powers, followed Acncas to Italy, well what she would write, and far from deserving
and died at Lavinium. (Dionys. Hal. i. 59 ; Aurel. the reproach of “impious injustice," she only de
Vict. De Orig. Gent. Rom. I; comp. Hartung, Die serves that of “ pious injustice. " The Alexias is
Relig. d. Röm. i. p. 87. ) Two other mythical per history in the form of a romance, - embellished
sonages, one a son of Aeneas by Lavinia, and the truth with two purposes, - that of presenting
other a king of Etruria, from whom the river Anio Alexis as the Mars, and his daughter as the
derived its name, occur in Serv. ad Aen. iii. 80, Minerva of the Byzantines. Anna did not invent
and Plut. Parallel. 40.
[L. S. ) facts, but in painting her portraits she always dips
ANNA. (Anna PERENNA. ]
her pencil in the colour of vanity. This vanity is
ANNA COMNENA ("Avva Kournvá), the threefold, -personal, domestic, and national. Thus
daughter of Alexis I. Comnenus, and the empress Alexis is spotless ; Anna becomes an oracle ; the
Irene, was born in A. n. 1083. She was destined Greeks are the first of all the nations, and the
to marry Constantine Ducas, but he died while she Latins are wicked barbarians.
Bohemond alone is
was still a child; and she was subsequently mar- worthy of all her praise ; but it is said that she
ried to Nicephorus Bryennius, a Greek nobleman was admired by, and that she admired in her turn,
distinguished by birth, talents, and learning. Anna, the gallant prince of the Normans.
gifted by nature with beauty and rare talents, was The style of the author is often affecte and
instructed in every branch of science, and she tells loaded with false erudition ; unimportant detaile
us in the preface to her Alexias, that she was are constantly treated with as much as and even
thoroughly acquainted with Aristotle and Plato. more attention than facts of high importance.
The vanity of a female philosopher was flattered These are the defects of the work, but whoever
with the homages she received from the Greek will take the trouble to discover and discard them,
scholars and artists, and during a long period hers will find the Alexias the most interesting and one
and her husband's house was the centre of the of the most valuable historical productions of the
arts and sciences of Constantinople. Her love for Byzantine literature.
her husband was sincere and founded upon real The editio princeps of the Alexias was publish-
esteem, and she and the empress tried, although in ed by Hoelschelius, Augsburg, 1610, 410. This
vain, to persuade the dying Alexis to appoint is only an abridgment containing the fifteen books
Bryennius his successor. The throne was inherit reduced to eight. The next is by Possinus, with
ed by John, the son of Alexis. (A. D. 1118. ) a Latin translation, Paris, 1651, fol. Du Cange
During his reign Anna persuaded Bryennius to has written some valuable notes to the Alexias,
seize the crown ; but the conspiracy failed at the which are contained in the Paris edition of Cin-
moment of its execution, and Anna and Bryennius namus. (1670, fol. ) The best edition is by Schopen
were punished with exile and the confiscation of (2 vols. 8vo. ), with a new Latin translation, Bonn.
the greater part of their property. Bryennius 1839. The translation of Possinus is very bad.
died some time afterwards, and Anna regretted The work was translated into French by Cousin
his loss with deep and sincere affliction. During (le président), and a German translation is con-
her retirement from the world she composed her tained in the first volume of the “ Historische
“ Alexias” ('Aletías).
Memoiren," edited by Fr. von Schiller. (W. P. )
This celebrated work is a biography of her ANNA PERENNA, & Roman divinity, the
father, the emperor Alexis I. It is divided into legends about whom are related by Ovid (Fast. iii.
fifteen books. "In the first nine she relates with | 523, &c. ) and Virgil. (Aen. iv. ) According to
great prolixity the youth of Alexis, his exploits them she was a daughter of Belus and sister of
against the Turks, Seljuks, and the Greek rebels Dido. After the death of the latter, she fied from
in Asia and Epeirus, his accession, and his wars Carthage to Iualy, where she was kindly received
against the Normans in Epeirus. The tenth book by Aeneas. Here her jealousy of Lavinia was
is remarkably interesting, containing the relation roused, and being warned in a dream by the spirit
of the transactions between Alexis and the of Dido, she fled and threw herself into the river
Western princes which led to the first crusade. Numicius. Henceforth she was worshipped as the
and the arrival of the Crusaders at Constantinople. nymph of that river under the name of Perenna,
The following three contain the relations of Alexis for previously her name had simply been Anna.
with the Crusaders who had then advanced into a second story related by Ovid states, that when
Asii, and his last contest with the Norman Bo- | the plebs had seceded to the mons sucer and
N2


## p. 180 (#200) ############################################

180
ANNIA GENS.
ANNICERTS.
were in want of food, there came from the neigh. Setin, a Roman colony. (B. C. 340. ) (ANNIUS
bouring Bovillae an aged woman of the name of No. 1. ] The cognomens of this gens under the
Anna, who distributed cakes among the hungry republic are : ASELLUS, BELLIENUS, CINER,
multitude, and after their return to the city the | Luscus, Milo. Those who have no cognomen
grateful people built a temple to her. A third are given under ANNIUS.
story, likewise related by Ovid, tells us that, when According to Eckhel (v. p. 134), the genuine
Mars was in love with Minerva, he applied to the coins of the Annii have no cognomen upon them.
aged Anna to lend him her assistance. She as The one figured below, which represents the head
peared before him herself in the disguise of Minerva,
and when the god took hold of her veil and wanted
to kiss her, she laughed him to scorn. Ovid (Fast.
iii. 657, &c. ) remarks that Anna Perenna was con-
sidered by some as Luna, by others as Themis,
and by others again as lo, the daughter of Inachus,
or as one of the nymphs who brought up the infant
Jove. Now as Macrobius (Sat. i. 12) states, that
at her festival, which fell on the 15th of March,
and was celebrated by the Romans with great joy of a woman, and on the reverse Victory drawn by
and merriment, the people prayed ut annare peren- a quadrigah, with the inscriptions C. ANNI. T. F.
nareque commode liceat, it seems clear that Anna T. N. Procos. Ex. S. C. and L. Fabi. L. F. Hi(sp).
Perenna was originally an Italian divinity, who is supposed to refer to C. Annius, who fought
was regarded as the giver of life, health, and against Sertorius in Spain. (Annius, No. 7. ] It
plenty, as the goddess whose powers were most is imagined that L. Fabius may have been the
manifest at the return of spring when her festival quaestor of Annius, but nothing is known for cer-
was celebrated. The identification of this goddess tain.
with Anna, the sister of Dido, is undoubtedly of T. ANNIANUS, a Roman poet, lived in the
late origin. (Hartung, Die Relig. d. Rom. ii
. p. time of Trajan and Hadrian, and was a friend of
229, &c. )
(L. S. ] A. Gellius, who says that he was acquainted with
ANNAEUS CORNU'TUS. [CORNUTUS. ) ancient literature. Among other things, he ap-
ANNAEUS FLORUS. [FLORUS. ]
pears to have written Fescennine verses. (Gell. rii.
ANNAEUS LUCA'NUS. (LUCANUS. ) 7, ix. 10, xx. 8. )
ANNAEUS MELLA. [MELLA. ]
ANNIBAL. [HANNIBAL. ]
ANNAEUS SE'N ECA. (SENECA. ]
ANNI'CERIS ('Avvikepus), a Cyrenaic philoso-
ANNAEL'S STA'TIUS. [STATIUS. ) pher (ARISTIPPUS), of whom the ancients have
ANNA'LIS, a cognomen of the Villia Gens, left us very vague and contradictory accounts. He
which was first acquired by L. Villius, tribune of is said to have ransomed Plato for 20 minae from
the plebs, in B. c. 179, because he introduced a law Dionysius of Syracuse (Diog. Laert. ii. 86); but
fixing the year (annus) at which it was allowable we read, on the other hand, that he was a disciple
for a person to be a candidate for the public offices. of Parae bates, whose succession from Aristippus in
(Liv. xl
. 44. ) The other persons of this name are: the order of discipleship was as follows :- Aristip
1. Sex. VILLIUS (Annalis), a friend of Milo's pus, Arete, Aristippus the younger, Antipater,
(Cic. ad Fam. ii. 6), probably the same as the Sex. Epitimedes, Paraebates. Plato, however, was con-
Annalis, of whom Quintilian speaks. (vi. 3. § 86. ) temporary with the first Aristippus, and therefore
2. L. Villius ANNALIS, praetor in B. C. 43, one of the above accounts of Anniceris must be
was proscribed by the triumvirs, and betrayed to false. Hence Menage on Laertius (1. c. ) and
death by his son. He is probably the same as the Kuster on Suidas (s. r. ) have supposed that there
L. Villius L. F. Annalis mentioned in a letter of were two philosophers of the name of Anniceris,
Caelius to Cicero, B. c. 51. (ad Fam. viii. 8. ) His the one contemporary with Plato, the other with
son was killed shortly afterwards in a drunken Alexander the Great. If so, the latter is the one
brawl by the same soldiers who had killed his father. of whose system some notices have reached us,
(Appian, B. C. iv. 17; Val. Max. ix. 11. $ 6. ) and who forms a link between the Cyrenaic and
M. ANNEIUS, legate of M. Cicero during his Epicurean schools. He was opposed to Epicurus
government in Cilicia, B. c. 51. Anneius appears. in two points: (1) he denied that pleasure was
to have had some pecuniary dealings with the in- merely the absence of pain, for if so death would
habitants of Sardis, and Cicero gave him a letter of be a pleasure ; and (2) he attributed to every
introduction to the praetor Thermus, that the latter separate act a distinct object, maintaining that
might assist him in the matter. In Cicero's cam- there was no general end of human life. In both
paign against the Parthians in B. c. 50, Anneius these statements he reasserted the principle of
commanded part of the Roman troops. (Cic. ad Aristippus. But he differed from Aristippus, inas-
Fam. xiii. 55, 57, xv. 4. )
much as he allowed that friendship, patriotism,
A'NNIA. 1. The wife of L. Cinna, who died and similar virtues, were good in themselves ; say-
B. C. 84, in his fourth consulship. She afterwards ing that the wise man will derive pleasure from
married M. Piso Calpurnianus, whom Sulla com- such qualities, even though they cause him occa-
pelled to divorce her, on account of her previous sional trouble, and that a friend should be chosen
connexion with his enemy Cinna. (Vell. Paterc. not only for our own need, but for kindness and
ü.