Abandoning
the law for lit-
erature, he became connected with The Home
Journal, and subsequently wrote many novels
and romances.
erature, he became connected with The Home
Journal, and subsequently wrote many novels
and romances.
Warner - World's Best Literature - v29 - BIographical Dictionary
He
then visited the Malay archipelago, where he
spent nearly eight years. One of the fruits of
his researches there was the paper (On the
Tendencies of Varieties to Depart Indefinitely
from the Original Type,' which was published
almost simultaneously with Darwin's first an-
nouncement of his theory of natural selection.
(The Malay Archipelago,' 2 vols. , was pub-
lished 1869. He wrote also (On the Geograph-
ical Distribution of Animals) (2 vols. , 1876);
(Tropical Nature) (1878); Darwinism : An
Exposition of the Theory of Natural Selection)
(1889). He is author also of Miracles and
Modern Spiritualism) (1875); (Land National-
ization: Its Necessity and Aims) (1882). *
Wallace, Horace Binney. An American
author and law editor; born in Philadelphia,
Feb. 26, 1817; died in Paris, Dec. 16, 1852. In
addition to contributing to literary periodicals,
he published anonymously a novel, “Stanley;
or, The Recollections of a Man of the World)
(1838); and edited, in conjunction with Judge
Hare, (American Leading Cases in Law) (2
vols. , 1847; 3d ed. 1852); Smith's Leading
Cases) (4th American ed. 2 vols. , 1852); and
White and Tudor's Leading Cases in Equity
(2d American ed. 3 vols. , 1852), all copiously
annotated. He helped Rufus W. Griswold in
his Napoleon and the Marshals of the Em-
pire) (2 vols. , 1847). Art and Scenery in
Europe, with Other Papers) (1855), and "Lit-
erary Criticisms, and Other Papers) (1856), are
posthumous publications.
Wallace, Lewis. An American general, law-
yer, and novelist; born at Brookville, Ind. ,
April 10, 1827. He served in the Mexican War
as lieutenant, and in the Civil War attained
the rank of major-general. He was Minister
to Turkey 1881-85. His works include: (The
Fair God) (1873); (Ben-Hur) (1880); (The
Life of Gen. Benjamin Harrison (1888);
(Commodus: A Tragedy' (1889); (The Boy.
## p. 558 (#574) ############################################
WALLACE – WALSH
558
)
hood of Christ) (1889); (The Prince of India
(1893). *
Wallace, Mrs. (Susan Arnold Elston). An
American descriptive and story writer, wife of
General Lewis Wallace; born at Crawfords-
ville, Ind. , 1830. Besides contributing to peri-
odicals and reviews, she has published: (The
Storied Sea) (1883); (Ginevra) (1886); (The
Land of the Pueblos) (1888); “The Repose in
Egypt (1888); etc.
Wallace, William Ross. An American law-
yer and poet; born in Kentucky, 1819; died in
1881. He has written: Perdita”; Alban);
(Meditations in America, and Other Poems. )
(The Liberty Bell) is his best-known poem.
Wallack, Lester (John). An American ac-
tor and manager, son of James William Wal-
lack, the actor and manager; born in New
York, Jan. 1, 1820; died in Stamford, Conn. ,
Sept. 6, 1888. He conducted Wallack's Theatre,
New York city, for twenty-four years. He was
identiñed with the American stage for more
than forty years; and on his retirement in May
1888, was the recipient of an unequaled dra-
matic testimonial. He wrote the plays (The
Veteran) and (Rosedale. His autobiography,
(Memoirs of Fifty Years,' was published the
year after his death.
Wallath, Wilhelm ( väl'lät ). A German
story-writer; born at Darmstadt, Oct. 6, 1856.
He wrote: (The King's Treasure House) (3
vols. , 1883); (Paris the Mime) (1886); “The
Gladiator) (1888); (Tiberius) (2 vols. , 1889);
(The Demon of Envy) (1889), «There Came
a Hoar Frost) (1893), Love's Fools' (1894),
three stories of modern life; and some dramas,
as (Countess Pusterla, John of Suabia,
(Marino Falieri, (The Sacrifice.
Waller, Edmund. An English poet and par-
liamentarian; born at Coleshill, March 3, 1605;
died at Beaconsfield, Oct. 21, 1687. He pub-
lished a volume of poems in 1645, and again
in 1664, which ran through many editions.
Of the 25 or more editions of his poems, those
of the greatest value are the one of 1711, ed-
ited by Bishop Atterbury, with two portraits
of the poet; and the one of 1729, with a life
by Fenton and a portrait by Vertue. The
eighteenth century considered him the first cor-
rect versifier, using the heroic couplet with
masterful smoothness. *
Waller, John Francis. An Irish poet and
man of letters, descendant of Edmund Waller;
born at Limerick in 1810; died Jan. 9, 1894.
He graduated from Trinity College. He wrote
for the Dublin University Magazine (The
Slingsby Papers,' over the signature of "Jon-
athan Freke Slingsby. ” These were collected
in a volume in 1852 ; his Poems) were pub-
lished in 1854; he was at his best as a lyric
poet. He edited the works of Goldsmith,
Moore, etc. , together with the Imperial Dic-
tionary of Universal Biography. '
Wallich, Nathanael (val'lik). A Danish
botanist; born at Copenhagen, Jan. 28, 1787;
died at London, April 28, 1854. From 1815
till 1847 he was director of the botanic garden
at Calcutta. He wrote: An Essay on the
Flora of Nepal (1824-26); (Rare Asiatic
Plants) (3 vols. , 1830-32).
Wallin, Johan Olof (väl-len'). A Swedish
poet; born in Dalarna, Oct. 15, 1779; died at
Upsala, archbishop of that see, June 30, 1839.
His hymns and religious songs are in high re-
pute in Sweden, and he was called “Sweden's
Harp of David. ” His finest production is (The
Angel of Death. He was a notable pulpit
orator.
Wallon, Alexandre Henri (vä-lôn'). A
French historical writer; born at Valenciennes,
Dec. 23, 1812. His principal writings are con-
cerned with the life of Christ, and the writings
of the apostles and evangelists. He wrote
(The Life of Jesus and its New Historian
(1864); (Memoirs on the Years of Jesus Christ);
and other works designed to counteract the
effects of Renan's writings. He is author also
of Political Geography of Modern Times)
(1839); (Slavery in Ancient Times) (3 vols. ,
1847); Joan of Arc) (2 vols. , 1860); (Richard
II. (2 vols. , 1864); (The Reign of Terror) (2
vols. , 1873); (St. Louis and his Times) (2 vols. ,
1875); History of the Paris Revolutionary
Tribunal, with the Journal of the Actors) 16
vols. , 1880-82).
Waln, Robert (wâl ). An American and satir.
ical writer; born in 1794; died in 1825. He
wrote (The Hermit in America' (1819); 'Amer-
ican Bards: A Satire); (Sisyphi Opus,' etc. ;
"Life of Lafayette (1824).
Walpole, Horace, later Earl of Orford. An
English author, letter-writer, and dilettante;
born in London, Oct. 5, 1717; died there,
March 2, 1797. On an estate he bought near
Twickenham, in a mansion he built, he es-
tablished a library and museum, and set up
a private press ( 1757 ), on which, with others,
he printed his own works. He compiled (A
Catalogue of the Royal and Noble Authors of
England (1758 ); (Anecdotes of Painters in
England (1761-71 ); (Historic Doubts on the
Life and Reign of Richard III. ) (1768); and
other works. He wrote :( The Castle of Otranto,
a romance ( 1764); (The Mysterious Mother,' a
tragedy (1768 ); Memoirs of the Last Ten
Years of the Reign of George II. (1822); and
other works. His many interesting letters are
his chief title to literary fame. They were
published in 9 vols. , 1857-59. *
Walpole, Spencer. An English historian ;
born Feb. 6, 1839. He has held several gov-
ernment positions, and has also devoted him-
self to history. Among his books are : his great-
est work, CA History of England from the
Conclusion of the Great War in 1815) ( 1878–
86 ); (The Electorate and the Legislature
(1881); Life of Lord John Russell (1889);
and (The Land of Home Rule) (1893).
Walsh, Robert. An American lawyer, jour.
nalist, and author; born at Baltimore, Md. , in
## p. 559 (#575) ############################################
WALSH - WANG-CHI-FOU
559
1784; died Feb. 7, 1859, at Paris, where he had
been consul, 1845-51. He wrote for Dennie's
Portfolio, and edited the American Review of
History and Politics, the first American quar-
terly (22 vols. , 1827-37); most of the articles
were from his pen. Others of his publications
are : Correspondence respecting Russia be-
tween R. G. Harper and Robert Walsh, Jr. '
(1813); (An Essay on the Future State of Eu-
rope (1813); biographical prefaces to an edi.
tion of the English Poets in fifty small volumes;
(An Appeal from the Judgments of Great
Britain respecting the United States of Amer-
ica) (1819). He conducted the American
Register (1817–18), the National Gazette ( 1821-
37), and the Museum of Foreign Literature and
Science (Vol. i. , 1822); and edited Didactics :
Social, Literary, and Political, a collection of
aphorisms (2 vols. , 1836).
Walsh, William Shepard. An American
journalist and editor; born in Paris, Feb. 1,
1854. He was connected with J. B. Lippin-
cott & Co. from 1876, and in 1886 became edi-
tor of Lippincott's Magazine. He has written
many essays, also juveniles, and historical and
scientific books for the young; and has pub-
lished a critical commentary, Faust: The
Legend and the Poem (1887), and “Paradoxes
of a Philistine) (1888).
Walter, Ferdinand (väl'ter). A German
jurist; born at Wetzlar, Nov. 30, 1794; died at
Bonn, Dec. 13, 1879. His principal works are :
(Text-Book of Canon Law) (1822); (Ancient
German Law) (3 vols. , 1824); History of
Roman Law down to Justinian) (1840); (His-
tory of German Law) (1853); (Sources of An-
cient and Modern Ecclesiastical Law) (1862);
Natural Law and Politics in the Light of the
Present) (1863).
Walters, William Thompson. An American
merchant and art virtuoso; born in Pennsyl-
vania, 1820; died 1891. He was educated as an
engineer; became identified with the coal and
iron industry; was art commissioner from the
United States at the Paris Expositions (1867-
78), at Vienna (1873), and trustee of the Cor-
coran Gallery at Washington, D. C. His private
art gallery is the most extensive and valuable
(especially in Oriental ceramics) in this country.
He has published: (Barye) (1885); (The Per-
cheron Horse) (1886); and Notes upon Certain
Masters of the XIXth Century) (1886).
Walther von der Vogelweide (väl'ter fon
der fö'gel-vi-dė). «The greatest lyric poet of
Germany before Goethe, and the first supremely
great lyric poet that the nations of modern
Europe produced, flourished in the early part
of the thirteenth century. The best critical edi-
tion of his poems is K. Lachmann's (1827). *
Walton, Brian. An English bishop and
biblical scholar; born at Seymour, Yorkshire,
1600; died in London, Nov. 29, 1661. He was
made chaplain to Charles II. and bishop of
Chester at the Restoration. His greatest work
is “Biblia Sacra Polyglotta) (6 vols. , folio 1657),
including the Hebrew original of the Old
Testament, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the
Chaldee, Syriac, Arabic, Persian, and Latin
Vulgate, with various readings, notes, etc. ; still
thought to be “the most complete Biblical
apparatus in any language. ) He wrote in 1658
his Dissertation on the Antiquity and Author-
ity of his Texts,' in later editions called the
Prolegomena, under which name it was pub-
lished in the original Latin (2 vols. , 1827-28).
(The Considerator Considered, etc. (1659), was
written in answer to Dr. John Owen's (Vindi-
cation of the Purity and Integrity of the Hebrew
and Greek Texts,' etc. which was a criticism
upon his great Biblical work.
Walton, Izaak. The celebrated author of
(The Compleat Angler'; born at Stafford, Eng.
land, Aug. 9, 1593;. died at Winchester, Dec.
15, 1683. He wrote the following biographies,
known as (Walton's Lives): of Dr. John Donne
( 1640 ), Sir Henry Wotton ( 1640 ), Richard
Hooker (1662), George Herbert (1670), and
Dr. Robert Sanderson (1678). (The Compleat
Angler; or, The Contemplative Man's Recre.
ation) (1653) is one of the great English clas-
sics. *
Walworth, Clarence Alphonsus. An Amer-
ican clergyman; born in Plattsburg, N. Y. , May
30, 1820. At first a lawyer, afterwards an Epis-
copalian clergyman, he united with the Roman
Catholic Church, and was one of the founders
of the Congregation of St. Paul; since 1864
rector of St. Mary's Church, Albany, N. Y.
He has written : ( The Gentle Sceptic) (1860);
(The Doctrine of Hell (1874); (Andiatorocté,
and Other Poems) (1888).
Walworth, Jeannette Ritchie Hadermann.
An American novelist; born in Philadelphia,
Feb. 22, 1837. She has written for periodicals,
and published a number of works, among them:
“The Silent Witness) (1871); Nobody's Busi-
ness) (1878); (The Bar Sinister) (1885); (South-
ern Silhouettes) (1888).
Walworth, Mansfield Tracy. An American
novelist, son of Chancellor Walworth; born in
Albany, N. Y. , Dec. 3, 1837 ; died in New York
city, June 3, 1873.
Abandoning the law for lit-
erature, he became connected with The Home
Journal, and subsequently wrote many novels
and romances. He was shot by his son, who
was acquitted on the ground of insanity. He
wrote: Mission of Death); (Lulu) (1860);
(Hotspur) (1861); (Warwick) (1868); (Beverly)
(1873); and two posthumous works, (Married
in Mask) (1888) and (Tahara) (1888). He
had completed a Life of Chancellor Living-
ston); and was writing (Lives of the Chancel.
lors of New York State. )
Wang-Chi-Fou. (wäng-che-fö'). One of the
greatest Chinese dramatic poets; lived in the
13th century. He was the creator of the Chi.
nese opera (called Thsa-Khi, lyrical dramas),
and is placed by his countrymen among the
ten Thsai-tseu, or writers of genius. He com-
posed thirteen plays, of which only two sur.
vive : (Si-siang-ki) (Western Pavilion) like all
## p. 560 (#576) ############################################
560
WANGEMANN - WARD
(
Chinese plays a sort of novel in dialogue,- his
best work, which obtained and still holds
great popularity with the Chinese; and the
comedy (The State Minister's Feast. The
former was partly translated into French by
Stanislas Julien in Europe Littéraire) (Literary
Europe).
Wangemann, Hermann Theodor (väng'e-
män). A German traveler; born at Wilsnack
in Brandenburg, March 27, 1818; died there,
June 18, 1894. He was for several years a
director of Lutheran missions. He wrote:
(Short History of Evangelical Hymnology)
(1855); (A Year's Travel in South Africa) (1809);
(Pictures of Life in South Africa' (1871); (South
Africa and its Inhabitants) (1881); History of
the Berlin Missionary Society in South Africa)
(1886); (W. Posselt, the Kaffir Missionary)
(1888); (The Present Lutheran Church in its
Relation to the Una Sancta' (7 vols. , 1883-84);
(The Church Politics of William III. (1884).
Wangemann, Otto. A German musician;
born at Loitz on the Peene, Jan. 9, 1848. Author
of (Sketch of the History of Music) (1882);
(History of the Organ' (3d ed. 1891); History
of the Oratorio) (1882); «The Organ and its
Construction (3d ed. 1895); (Choral Songs for
Gymnasiums) (3d ed. 1892).
Wappæus, Johann Eduard (väp-pā-ös'). A
German geographer and statistician; born at
Hamburg, May 17, 1812; died at Göttingen,
professor in the university there, Dec. 16, 1879.
He edited and largely wrote the Stein-Hörschel-
mann Manual of Geography and Statistics)
(10 vols. , 1871). He also wrote : (Researches
on the Geographical Discoveries of the Portu-
guese under Henry the Navigator) (1842); (The
Republics of South America) (1843); (German
Emigration and Colonization' (1846).
Warburton, Eliot Bartholomew George.
An Irish barrister and author; born at Aughrim,
County Galway, 1810; lost in the burning of
the steamer Amazon, off Land's End, Jan. 4,
1852. His works are : (The Crescent and the
Cross; or, Romance and Reality of Eastern
Travel (2 vols. , 1844); (Memoirs of Prince
Rupert and the Cavaliers) (3 vols. , 1849); (Regi-
nald Hastings) (3 vols. , 1850), a novel of the
great rebellion; (Memoirs of Horace Walpole
and his Contemporaries) (2 vols. , 1851); Da-
rien; or, The Merchant Prince: An Historical
Romance) (3 vols. , 1851); and (A Memoir of
Charles Mordaunt, Earl of Peterborough) (3
vols. , 1853).
Warburton, Peter Egerton. An Australian
explorer ; born at Norwich, England, Aug. 15,
1813; died near Adelaide, Nov. 5, 1889. He
wrote: (Major Warburton's Diary) (1866);
Journey Across the Western Interior of Aus-
tralia) (1875).
Warburton, William. An English author:
born at Newark-upon-Trent, Dec. 24, 1698; died
June 7, 1779. He became bishop of Gloucester.
His defense of Pope's Essay on Man) against
the charge of atheism won the gratitude of the
poet, who made the bishop his literary executor.
Warburton thereupon brought out an edition of
Pope (1751). He published: (Miscellaneous
Translations in Prose and Verse) (1723); An
Inquiry into the Causes of Prodigies and Mira.
cles) (1727); (Alliance between Church and
State) (1736); Divine Legation of Moses Dem-
onstrated, on the Principles of a Religious Deist,
from the Omission of the Doctrine of the Future
State of Reward and Punishment in the Jewish
Dispensation' (1738-41; 10th ed. 3 vols. , 1846);
an edition of Shakespeare (very poor, 1747);
Julian; or, A Discourse Concerning the Earth-
quake and Fiery Eruption which Defeated the
Emperor's Attempt to Rebuild the Temple at
Jerusalem (1750); 'View of Bolingbroke's Post-
humous Writings) (1754); and (The Doctrine
of Grace) (1762).
Ward, Adolphus William. An English edu-
cator, literary historian, and biographer; born
at Hampstead, London, Dec. 2, 1837. In addi-
tion to being professor of history and princi.
pal of Owens College, Manchester, and con-
tributing to the Encyclopædia Britannica)
and leading English reviews, he is the author
of The House of Austria in the Thirty Years'
War! (1869); Dramatic Literature of the
Age of Elizabeth) (2 vols. , 1875); Lives) of
Chaucer (1879) and Dickens (1882) in the
(English Men of Letters) series; translator of
Curtius's (History of Greece (5 vols. , 1868-74);
and editor of Pope's Poems) (Globe edition,
1869), and of Byron's Poems) (Chetham So-
ciety's edition).
Ward, Artemus. See Browne, Charles Far-
rar.
Ward, Elizabeth Stuart Phelps. An Amer-
ican novelist and poet; born at Andover,
Mass. , August 1844. In 1888 she married
Herbert D. Ward, with whom she sometimes
collaborates. Among her books are: "The
Gates Ajar) ( 1868 ), one of the most successful
of American stories; Men, Women, and
Ghosts) (1869); “The Silent Partner? ( 1870 ) ;
(The Trotty Book) (1870 ); (The Story of
Avis) ( 1877 ) ; (Old Maid's Paradise (1879);
(Beyond the Gates) (1883); Dr. Zay' (1884);
(The Gates Between (1887); (The Master of
the Magicians) (1890); and (Come Forth)
( 1890'). Jointly with her husband she wrote:
(Poetic Studies,' verse (1885); “Songs of the
Silent World) ( 1885); and (The Struggle for
Immortality) (1889), a volume of essays. Her
most recent work is (The Story of Jesus
Christ) (1897. ) *
Ward, Herbert Dickinson. An American
writer of juvenile books; born in Massachu-
setts in 1861. He has published: (The Captain
of the Kittie Wink); (A Dash to the Pole);
( The New Senior at Andover); (The White
Crown,' etc. ; (The Burglar who Moved Para-
dise.
Ward, Mrs. Humphry (Mary Augusta Ar-
nold). An English novelist of great celebrity;
born at Hobart Town, Tasmania, in 1851. She
is a granddaughter of Dr. Arnold of Rugby, and
## p. 561 (#577) ############################################
WARD-WARING
561
was married in 1872 to Thomas Humphry Ward.
Her books are: Milly and Ollie) (1881); (Miss
Bretherton (1884); a translation of Amiel's
Journal) (1885); (Robert Elsmere) (1888), a
story of religious doubt, stirring up a great in-
terest and having an enormous circulation;
«The History of David Grieve) (1892); Mar-
cella) (1894); and (The Story of Bessie Cos-
trell (1895). She helped to establish, and
still takes an active interest in, University Hall,
a social settlement among the London poor.
Ward, Nathaniel. An English-American
lawyer, clergyman, and author; born at Haver-
hill, England, about 1578; died at Shenfield,
Essex, about October, 1653. While a pastor
in Massachusetts he wrote the Body of Lib-
erties, adopted December 1641, the first code
of laws established in New England. His other
writings are: (The Simple Cobler of Aga-
wam) (1647); (A Religious Retreat Sounded to
a Religious Army) (1647); (A Sermon Before
Parliament' (1647); and (Mercurius Anti-Me-
chanicus; or, The Simple Cobler's Boy, with
his Lap-full of Caveats) (1648).
Ward, Robert Plumer. An English writer
of fiction and miscellaneous works; born in
London, 1765; died 1846. His novels, (Tre-
maine) (1825), and (De Vere) (1827), published
anonymously, were exceedingly popular. His
other works include treatises on the law of
nations and essays on juristic topics.
Ward, Thomas. An American writer and
littérateur of New York city ; born 1807; died
1873. He was the author of : A Month of
Freedom); Passaic); (A Group of Poems);
(Flora : A Pastoral Opera); (War Lyrics. '
Ward, William Hayes. An American editor,
clergyman, and eminent Assyriologist; born in
Abington, Mass. , Jan. 25, 1835. He was a pastor
of the Congregational church and professor at
Ripon College, 1860–68, when he became editor
of the Independent. In 1884 he went to Bab-
ylon in charge of an expedition. He has written
much on Oriental archæology for the Bibli-
otheca Sacra, and other journals, and prepared
the report of the exploring expedition of 1884,
and published Notes on Oriental Antiquities.
Warden, David Baillie. An Irish-American
scholar; born in 1788; died in Paris, Oct.
9, 1845. He graduated at the New York Med-
ical College, was United States secretary
of legation at Paris, and subsequently consul
from 1804 to his death. He was a member of
the French Institute, and published: (Inquiry
concerning the Intellectual and Moral Facul-
ties and Literature of the Negroes) (18101;
"Origin and Nature of Consular Establish-
ments) (1816); Description of the District of
Columbia) (1816); "Statistical, Political, and
Historical Account of the United States) (1819);
"L'Art de vérifier les dates : Chronologie His-
torique de l'Amérique) (10 vols. , Paris, 1826-44);
(Bibliotheca Americana Septentrionalis, etc.
(1820); (Recherches sur les Antiquités de
l'Amérique Septentrionale) (1827); and (Bibli-
otheca Americana' (1831).
Warden, Florence. Pseudonym of Mrs.
George E. James. An English novelist; born
Florence Alice Price, 18— She won note with
(The House on the Marsh (1882), which had
a wide sale. She has since published: (At the
World's Mercy); A Vagrant Wife); “A Prince
of Darkness); A Dog With a Bad Name);
(Doris's Fortune); "Scheherazade : A London
Night's Entertainment); and others.
Ware, Henry, Jr. An American clergyman
and religious writer; born at Hingham, Mass. ,
April 21, 1794 ; died at Framingham, Mass. , Sept.
22, 1843. He took an active part in the organ-
ization of the Unitarian movement. Among
his writings are: (Hints on Extemporaneous
Preaching) (1824); (Recollections of Jotham
Anderson) (about 1824); (On the Forma-
tion of the Christian Character) (1831); Life
of the Saviour) (1832; new ed. 1868); (The
Feast of the Tabernacle, an oratorio poem
(1837); (Memoirs) of Rev. Dr. Parker (1834),
Dr. Noah Webster, Dr. John Priestley, and
Oberlin; and (Scenes and Characters Illustrat.
ing Christian Truth' (2 vols. , 1837). Selections
from his writings were published in 4 vols. ,
1846-47.
Ware, Mrs. Katharine Augusta (Rhodes).
An American poet; born in Quincy, Mass. ,
in 1797 ; died in Paris, in 1843. She edited
The Bower of Taste, and published a volume
of poems, Power of the Passions, etc. (1842).
Ware, William. An American clergyman,
editor, and author; born at Hingham, Mass. ,
Aug. 3, 1797; died at Cambridge, Mass. , Feb.
19, 1852. In addition to his pastorates, and his
editorship of the Christian Examiner, he wrote
the following: (Letters from Palmyra) (1837),
first published in the Knickerbocker Magazine,
subsequently republished as "Zenobia; or, The
Fall of Palmyra! (new ed. 1868); Probus; or,
Rome in the Third Century' (1838), republished
as Aurelian) (new ed. 1868); “Julian; or, Scenes
in Judea) (1841); (Sketches of European Cap-
itals) (1851); Lectures on the Works and
Genius of Washington Allston' (1852); and a
"Life of Nathaniel Bacon, in Sparks's series.
He edited (American Unitarian Biography)
(1850).
Warfield, Catharine Ann (Ware). An
American poet and novelist; born near Natchez,
Miss. , June 6, 1816; died in Kentucky, May 21,
1877. She published, with her sister Eleanor,
( The Wife of Leon, and Other Poems) (1844);
( The Indian Chamber,' etc. (1846): and wrote
(The Household of Bouverie) (1860); (The Ro-
mance of the Green Seal (1867); (Miriam Mon-
fort) (1873); Hester Howard's Temptation
(1875); A Double Wedding (1875); “Sea and
Shore) (1876); “The Romance of Beausein-
court) (1876); (Ferne Fleming' (1877); (The
Cardinal's Daughter) (1877).
Waring, George Edwin. An American sani-
tary engineer, author, and lecturer. He was
born in Poundridge, West Chester County,
N. Y. , July 4, 1833. He was colonel of the 6th
Missouri Cavalry in the Civil War. He was
36
## p. 562 (#578) ############################################
562
WARNECK - WARREN
superintendent of the street-cleaning depart-
ment of New York city, 1895-98. Soon after
the War he published very spirited stories
of army experience, and has since published
many works on drainage and sanitary science;
also (A Farmer's Vacation, (The Bride of the
Rhine, Village Improvement, etc.
Warneck, Gustav Adolf (vär'nek). A Ger-
man theological writer; born at Naumburg,
March 6, 1834. He wrote: (Missions in the
Light of the Bible) (1878); "The Relations
between Missions and Modern Civilization
(1879); (The Mission in Pictures from its His-
tory) (1884); (Sketch of the History of Mis-
sions from the Reformation to the Present
Time); «The Ultramontane Art of Fence)
(1889); (The Romanism of To-day in the Light
of its Missions to the Heathen) (1889); (The
Evangelical Alliance and its Opponents (1889);
Position of the Evangelical Mission Toward
the Question of Slavery) (1889).
Warner, Anna Bartlett. (“Amy Lothrop. ”]
An American author; born in New York in
1820. In conjunction with her sister, Susan
Warner, she published the novels (Say and
Seal (1860); (Wych Hazel (1876); and (The
Gold of Chickaree) (1876). Among her sepa-
rate works, published under her pen-name
“Amy Lothrop, are: Dollars and Cents)
(1853); My Brother's Keeper) (1855); (Sto-
ries of Vinegar Hill (1871); (The Fourth
Watch); ( The Blue Flag,' etc. (1879); (The
Other Shore); (Three Little Spades,' a child's
book; and (Gardening by Myself. .
Warner, Charles Dudley. An American
man of letters and novelist; born in Plainfield,
Mass. , Sept. 12, 1829. He graduated at Hamil-
ton College in 1851, was admitted to the bar
in 1856, and practiced in Chicago till 1860, when
he removed to Hartford, Conn. , became editor
of the Press in 1861, and of the Courant upon its
consolidation with the Press in 1867. He has
been connected with Harper's Monthly Maga-
zine, as the contributor of an editorial depart-
ment, since 1884. His literary work began
while in college, in contributions of stories to
the Knickerbocker and Putnam's Magazine.
His first book was a compilation for the use of
students in schools, called (A Book of Elo-
quence) (1853). In 1870 he published (My Sum-
mer in a Garden,' which was followed by
"Saunterings) (1872); (Backlog Studies) (1872);
' The Gilded Age' (with S. L. Clemens, 1873);
(Baddeck, and That Sort of Thing) (1874);
(Mummies and Moslems) (1876-re-issued under
the title (My Winter on the Nile'); "In the
Levant) (1877); ( Being a Boy) (1877); “In the
Wilderness) (1878); (The American News-
paper) (1879); “Studies of Irving) (with W. C.
Bryant and George P. Putnam, 1880); Life of
Washington Irving) (1881); edited (American
Men of Letters) (of this series (Washington
Irving,' 1881, was the initial volume; the thir-
teenth volume, 'George William Curtis, by Ed-
ward Cary, appeared in 1894); Captain John
Smith, Sometime Governor of Virginia, and
Admiral of New England: A Study of his Life
and Writings) (1881); (A Roundabout Journey)
(1883); Papers on Penology) (with others;
Reformatory Press, Elmira, N. Y. , 1886); (Their
Pilgrimage) (1886); (On Horseback: A Tour
in Virginia, North Carolina, and Tennessee,
Published with Notes of Travel in Mexico and
California) (1888); (Studies in the South and
West, with Comments on Canada) (1889); (A
Little Journey in the World: A Novel (1889);
Looking Forward: The Dual Government
Realized) (1890); Our Italy, Southern Cali-
fornia) (1890); As We Were Saying' (1891);
(Washington Irving) (1892); (The Work of
Washington Irving' (1893); "As We Go' (1893);
( The Golden House: A Novel (1894); (The
Relation of Literature to Life (1896); (The
People for Whom Shakespeare Wrote' (1897);
edited (A Library of the World's Best Litera.
ture) (1896-98).
Warner, Susan. An American novelist ;
born in New York, July II, 1819; died at
Highland Falls, N. Y. , March 17, 1885.
then visited the Malay archipelago, where he
spent nearly eight years. One of the fruits of
his researches there was the paper (On the
Tendencies of Varieties to Depart Indefinitely
from the Original Type,' which was published
almost simultaneously with Darwin's first an-
nouncement of his theory of natural selection.
(The Malay Archipelago,' 2 vols. , was pub-
lished 1869. He wrote also (On the Geograph-
ical Distribution of Animals) (2 vols. , 1876);
(Tropical Nature) (1878); Darwinism : An
Exposition of the Theory of Natural Selection)
(1889). He is author also of Miracles and
Modern Spiritualism) (1875); (Land National-
ization: Its Necessity and Aims) (1882). *
Wallace, Horace Binney. An American
author and law editor; born in Philadelphia,
Feb. 26, 1817; died in Paris, Dec. 16, 1852. In
addition to contributing to literary periodicals,
he published anonymously a novel, “Stanley;
or, The Recollections of a Man of the World)
(1838); and edited, in conjunction with Judge
Hare, (American Leading Cases in Law) (2
vols. , 1847; 3d ed. 1852); Smith's Leading
Cases) (4th American ed. 2 vols. , 1852); and
White and Tudor's Leading Cases in Equity
(2d American ed. 3 vols. , 1852), all copiously
annotated. He helped Rufus W. Griswold in
his Napoleon and the Marshals of the Em-
pire) (2 vols. , 1847). Art and Scenery in
Europe, with Other Papers) (1855), and "Lit-
erary Criticisms, and Other Papers) (1856), are
posthumous publications.
Wallace, Lewis. An American general, law-
yer, and novelist; born at Brookville, Ind. ,
April 10, 1827. He served in the Mexican War
as lieutenant, and in the Civil War attained
the rank of major-general. He was Minister
to Turkey 1881-85. His works include: (The
Fair God) (1873); (Ben-Hur) (1880); (The
Life of Gen. Benjamin Harrison (1888);
(Commodus: A Tragedy' (1889); (The Boy.
## p. 558 (#574) ############################################
WALLACE – WALSH
558
)
hood of Christ) (1889); (The Prince of India
(1893). *
Wallace, Mrs. (Susan Arnold Elston). An
American descriptive and story writer, wife of
General Lewis Wallace; born at Crawfords-
ville, Ind. , 1830. Besides contributing to peri-
odicals and reviews, she has published: (The
Storied Sea) (1883); (Ginevra) (1886); (The
Land of the Pueblos) (1888); “The Repose in
Egypt (1888); etc.
Wallace, William Ross. An American law-
yer and poet; born in Kentucky, 1819; died in
1881. He has written: Perdita”; Alban);
(Meditations in America, and Other Poems. )
(The Liberty Bell) is his best-known poem.
Wallack, Lester (John). An American ac-
tor and manager, son of James William Wal-
lack, the actor and manager; born in New
York, Jan. 1, 1820; died in Stamford, Conn. ,
Sept. 6, 1888. He conducted Wallack's Theatre,
New York city, for twenty-four years. He was
identiñed with the American stage for more
than forty years; and on his retirement in May
1888, was the recipient of an unequaled dra-
matic testimonial. He wrote the plays (The
Veteran) and (Rosedale. His autobiography,
(Memoirs of Fifty Years,' was published the
year after his death.
Wallath, Wilhelm ( väl'lät ). A German
story-writer; born at Darmstadt, Oct. 6, 1856.
He wrote: (The King's Treasure House) (3
vols. , 1883); (Paris the Mime) (1886); “The
Gladiator) (1888); (Tiberius) (2 vols. , 1889);
(The Demon of Envy) (1889), «There Came
a Hoar Frost) (1893), Love's Fools' (1894),
three stories of modern life; and some dramas,
as (Countess Pusterla, John of Suabia,
(Marino Falieri, (The Sacrifice.
Waller, Edmund. An English poet and par-
liamentarian; born at Coleshill, March 3, 1605;
died at Beaconsfield, Oct. 21, 1687. He pub-
lished a volume of poems in 1645, and again
in 1664, which ran through many editions.
Of the 25 or more editions of his poems, those
of the greatest value are the one of 1711, ed-
ited by Bishop Atterbury, with two portraits
of the poet; and the one of 1729, with a life
by Fenton and a portrait by Vertue. The
eighteenth century considered him the first cor-
rect versifier, using the heroic couplet with
masterful smoothness. *
Waller, John Francis. An Irish poet and
man of letters, descendant of Edmund Waller;
born at Limerick in 1810; died Jan. 9, 1894.
He graduated from Trinity College. He wrote
for the Dublin University Magazine (The
Slingsby Papers,' over the signature of "Jon-
athan Freke Slingsby. ” These were collected
in a volume in 1852 ; his Poems) were pub-
lished in 1854; he was at his best as a lyric
poet. He edited the works of Goldsmith,
Moore, etc. , together with the Imperial Dic-
tionary of Universal Biography. '
Wallich, Nathanael (val'lik). A Danish
botanist; born at Copenhagen, Jan. 28, 1787;
died at London, April 28, 1854. From 1815
till 1847 he was director of the botanic garden
at Calcutta. He wrote: An Essay on the
Flora of Nepal (1824-26); (Rare Asiatic
Plants) (3 vols. , 1830-32).
Wallin, Johan Olof (väl-len'). A Swedish
poet; born in Dalarna, Oct. 15, 1779; died at
Upsala, archbishop of that see, June 30, 1839.
His hymns and religious songs are in high re-
pute in Sweden, and he was called “Sweden's
Harp of David. ” His finest production is (The
Angel of Death. He was a notable pulpit
orator.
Wallon, Alexandre Henri (vä-lôn'). A
French historical writer; born at Valenciennes,
Dec. 23, 1812. His principal writings are con-
cerned with the life of Christ, and the writings
of the apostles and evangelists. He wrote
(The Life of Jesus and its New Historian
(1864); (Memoirs on the Years of Jesus Christ);
and other works designed to counteract the
effects of Renan's writings. He is author also
of Political Geography of Modern Times)
(1839); (Slavery in Ancient Times) (3 vols. ,
1847); Joan of Arc) (2 vols. , 1860); (Richard
II. (2 vols. , 1864); (The Reign of Terror) (2
vols. , 1873); (St. Louis and his Times) (2 vols. ,
1875); History of the Paris Revolutionary
Tribunal, with the Journal of the Actors) 16
vols. , 1880-82).
Waln, Robert (wâl ). An American and satir.
ical writer; born in 1794; died in 1825. He
wrote (The Hermit in America' (1819); 'Amer-
ican Bards: A Satire); (Sisyphi Opus,' etc. ;
"Life of Lafayette (1824).
Walpole, Horace, later Earl of Orford. An
English author, letter-writer, and dilettante;
born in London, Oct. 5, 1717; died there,
March 2, 1797. On an estate he bought near
Twickenham, in a mansion he built, he es-
tablished a library and museum, and set up
a private press ( 1757 ), on which, with others,
he printed his own works. He compiled (A
Catalogue of the Royal and Noble Authors of
England (1758 ); (Anecdotes of Painters in
England (1761-71 ); (Historic Doubts on the
Life and Reign of Richard III. ) (1768); and
other works. He wrote :( The Castle of Otranto,
a romance ( 1764); (The Mysterious Mother,' a
tragedy (1768 ); Memoirs of the Last Ten
Years of the Reign of George II. (1822); and
other works. His many interesting letters are
his chief title to literary fame. They were
published in 9 vols. , 1857-59. *
Walpole, Spencer. An English historian ;
born Feb. 6, 1839. He has held several gov-
ernment positions, and has also devoted him-
self to history. Among his books are : his great-
est work, CA History of England from the
Conclusion of the Great War in 1815) ( 1878–
86 ); (The Electorate and the Legislature
(1881); Life of Lord John Russell (1889);
and (The Land of Home Rule) (1893).
Walsh, Robert. An American lawyer, jour.
nalist, and author; born at Baltimore, Md. , in
## p. 559 (#575) ############################################
WALSH - WANG-CHI-FOU
559
1784; died Feb. 7, 1859, at Paris, where he had
been consul, 1845-51. He wrote for Dennie's
Portfolio, and edited the American Review of
History and Politics, the first American quar-
terly (22 vols. , 1827-37); most of the articles
were from his pen. Others of his publications
are : Correspondence respecting Russia be-
tween R. G. Harper and Robert Walsh, Jr. '
(1813); (An Essay on the Future State of Eu-
rope (1813); biographical prefaces to an edi.
tion of the English Poets in fifty small volumes;
(An Appeal from the Judgments of Great
Britain respecting the United States of Amer-
ica) (1819). He conducted the American
Register (1817–18), the National Gazette ( 1821-
37), and the Museum of Foreign Literature and
Science (Vol. i. , 1822); and edited Didactics :
Social, Literary, and Political, a collection of
aphorisms (2 vols. , 1836).
Walsh, William Shepard. An American
journalist and editor; born in Paris, Feb. 1,
1854. He was connected with J. B. Lippin-
cott & Co. from 1876, and in 1886 became edi-
tor of Lippincott's Magazine. He has written
many essays, also juveniles, and historical and
scientific books for the young; and has pub-
lished a critical commentary, Faust: The
Legend and the Poem (1887), and “Paradoxes
of a Philistine) (1888).
Walter, Ferdinand (väl'ter). A German
jurist; born at Wetzlar, Nov. 30, 1794; died at
Bonn, Dec. 13, 1879. His principal works are :
(Text-Book of Canon Law) (1822); (Ancient
German Law) (3 vols. , 1824); History of
Roman Law down to Justinian) (1840); (His-
tory of German Law) (1853); (Sources of An-
cient and Modern Ecclesiastical Law) (1862);
Natural Law and Politics in the Light of the
Present) (1863).
Walters, William Thompson. An American
merchant and art virtuoso; born in Pennsyl-
vania, 1820; died 1891. He was educated as an
engineer; became identified with the coal and
iron industry; was art commissioner from the
United States at the Paris Expositions (1867-
78), at Vienna (1873), and trustee of the Cor-
coran Gallery at Washington, D. C. His private
art gallery is the most extensive and valuable
(especially in Oriental ceramics) in this country.
He has published: (Barye) (1885); (The Per-
cheron Horse) (1886); and Notes upon Certain
Masters of the XIXth Century) (1886).
Walther von der Vogelweide (väl'ter fon
der fö'gel-vi-dė). «The greatest lyric poet of
Germany before Goethe, and the first supremely
great lyric poet that the nations of modern
Europe produced, flourished in the early part
of the thirteenth century. The best critical edi-
tion of his poems is K. Lachmann's (1827). *
Walton, Brian. An English bishop and
biblical scholar; born at Seymour, Yorkshire,
1600; died in London, Nov. 29, 1661. He was
made chaplain to Charles II. and bishop of
Chester at the Restoration. His greatest work
is “Biblia Sacra Polyglotta) (6 vols. , folio 1657),
including the Hebrew original of the Old
Testament, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the
Chaldee, Syriac, Arabic, Persian, and Latin
Vulgate, with various readings, notes, etc. ; still
thought to be “the most complete Biblical
apparatus in any language. ) He wrote in 1658
his Dissertation on the Antiquity and Author-
ity of his Texts,' in later editions called the
Prolegomena, under which name it was pub-
lished in the original Latin (2 vols. , 1827-28).
(The Considerator Considered, etc. (1659), was
written in answer to Dr. John Owen's (Vindi-
cation of the Purity and Integrity of the Hebrew
and Greek Texts,' etc. which was a criticism
upon his great Biblical work.
Walton, Izaak. The celebrated author of
(The Compleat Angler'; born at Stafford, Eng.
land, Aug. 9, 1593;. died at Winchester, Dec.
15, 1683. He wrote the following biographies,
known as (Walton's Lives): of Dr. John Donne
( 1640 ), Sir Henry Wotton ( 1640 ), Richard
Hooker (1662), George Herbert (1670), and
Dr. Robert Sanderson (1678). (The Compleat
Angler; or, The Contemplative Man's Recre.
ation) (1653) is one of the great English clas-
sics. *
Walworth, Clarence Alphonsus. An Amer-
ican clergyman; born in Plattsburg, N. Y. , May
30, 1820. At first a lawyer, afterwards an Epis-
copalian clergyman, he united with the Roman
Catholic Church, and was one of the founders
of the Congregation of St. Paul; since 1864
rector of St. Mary's Church, Albany, N. Y.
He has written : ( The Gentle Sceptic) (1860);
(The Doctrine of Hell (1874); (Andiatorocté,
and Other Poems) (1888).
Walworth, Jeannette Ritchie Hadermann.
An American novelist; born in Philadelphia,
Feb. 22, 1837. She has written for periodicals,
and published a number of works, among them:
“The Silent Witness) (1871); Nobody's Busi-
ness) (1878); (The Bar Sinister) (1885); (South-
ern Silhouettes) (1888).
Walworth, Mansfield Tracy. An American
novelist, son of Chancellor Walworth; born in
Albany, N. Y. , Dec. 3, 1837 ; died in New York
city, June 3, 1873.
Abandoning the law for lit-
erature, he became connected with The Home
Journal, and subsequently wrote many novels
and romances. He was shot by his son, who
was acquitted on the ground of insanity. He
wrote: Mission of Death); (Lulu) (1860);
(Hotspur) (1861); (Warwick) (1868); (Beverly)
(1873); and two posthumous works, (Married
in Mask) (1888) and (Tahara) (1888). He
had completed a Life of Chancellor Living-
ston); and was writing (Lives of the Chancel.
lors of New York State. )
Wang-Chi-Fou. (wäng-che-fö'). One of the
greatest Chinese dramatic poets; lived in the
13th century. He was the creator of the Chi.
nese opera (called Thsa-Khi, lyrical dramas),
and is placed by his countrymen among the
ten Thsai-tseu, or writers of genius. He com-
posed thirteen plays, of which only two sur.
vive : (Si-siang-ki) (Western Pavilion) like all
## p. 560 (#576) ############################################
560
WANGEMANN - WARD
(
Chinese plays a sort of novel in dialogue,- his
best work, which obtained and still holds
great popularity with the Chinese; and the
comedy (The State Minister's Feast. The
former was partly translated into French by
Stanislas Julien in Europe Littéraire) (Literary
Europe).
Wangemann, Hermann Theodor (väng'e-
män). A German traveler; born at Wilsnack
in Brandenburg, March 27, 1818; died there,
June 18, 1894. He was for several years a
director of Lutheran missions. He wrote:
(Short History of Evangelical Hymnology)
(1855); (A Year's Travel in South Africa) (1809);
(Pictures of Life in South Africa' (1871); (South
Africa and its Inhabitants) (1881); History of
the Berlin Missionary Society in South Africa)
(1886); (W. Posselt, the Kaffir Missionary)
(1888); (The Present Lutheran Church in its
Relation to the Una Sancta' (7 vols. , 1883-84);
(The Church Politics of William III. (1884).
Wangemann, Otto. A German musician;
born at Loitz on the Peene, Jan. 9, 1848. Author
of (Sketch of the History of Music) (1882);
(History of the Organ' (3d ed. 1891); History
of the Oratorio) (1882); «The Organ and its
Construction (3d ed. 1895); (Choral Songs for
Gymnasiums) (3d ed. 1892).
Wappæus, Johann Eduard (väp-pā-ös'). A
German geographer and statistician; born at
Hamburg, May 17, 1812; died at Göttingen,
professor in the university there, Dec. 16, 1879.
He edited and largely wrote the Stein-Hörschel-
mann Manual of Geography and Statistics)
(10 vols. , 1871). He also wrote : (Researches
on the Geographical Discoveries of the Portu-
guese under Henry the Navigator) (1842); (The
Republics of South America) (1843); (German
Emigration and Colonization' (1846).
Warburton, Eliot Bartholomew George.
An Irish barrister and author; born at Aughrim,
County Galway, 1810; lost in the burning of
the steamer Amazon, off Land's End, Jan. 4,
1852. His works are : (The Crescent and the
Cross; or, Romance and Reality of Eastern
Travel (2 vols. , 1844); (Memoirs of Prince
Rupert and the Cavaliers) (3 vols. , 1849); (Regi-
nald Hastings) (3 vols. , 1850), a novel of the
great rebellion; (Memoirs of Horace Walpole
and his Contemporaries) (2 vols. , 1851); Da-
rien; or, The Merchant Prince: An Historical
Romance) (3 vols. , 1851); and (A Memoir of
Charles Mordaunt, Earl of Peterborough) (3
vols. , 1853).
Warburton, Peter Egerton. An Australian
explorer ; born at Norwich, England, Aug. 15,
1813; died near Adelaide, Nov. 5, 1889. He
wrote: (Major Warburton's Diary) (1866);
Journey Across the Western Interior of Aus-
tralia) (1875).
Warburton, William. An English author:
born at Newark-upon-Trent, Dec. 24, 1698; died
June 7, 1779. He became bishop of Gloucester.
His defense of Pope's Essay on Man) against
the charge of atheism won the gratitude of the
poet, who made the bishop his literary executor.
Warburton thereupon brought out an edition of
Pope (1751). He published: (Miscellaneous
Translations in Prose and Verse) (1723); An
Inquiry into the Causes of Prodigies and Mira.
cles) (1727); (Alliance between Church and
State) (1736); Divine Legation of Moses Dem-
onstrated, on the Principles of a Religious Deist,
from the Omission of the Doctrine of the Future
State of Reward and Punishment in the Jewish
Dispensation' (1738-41; 10th ed. 3 vols. , 1846);
an edition of Shakespeare (very poor, 1747);
Julian; or, A Discourse Concerning the Earth-
quake and Fiery Eruption which Defeated the
Emperor's Attempt to Rebuild the Temple at
Jerusalem (1750); 'View of Bolingbroke's Post-
humous Writings) (1754); and (The Doctrine
of Grace) (1762).
Ward, Adolphus William. An English edu-
cator, literary historian, and biographer; born
at Hampstead, London, Dec. 2, 1837. In addi-
tion to being professor of history and princi.
pal of Owens College, Manchester, and con-
tributing to the Encyclopædia Britannica)
and leading English reviews, he is the author
of The House of Austria in the Thirty Years'
War! (1869); Dramatic Literature of the
Age of Elizabeth) (2 vols. , 1875); Lives) of
Chaucer (1879) and Dickens (1882) in the
(English Men of Letters) series; translator of
Curtius's (History of Greece (5 vols. , 1868-74);
and editor of Pope's Poems) (Globe edition,
1869), and of Byron's Poems) (Chetham So-
ciety's edition).
Ward, Artemus. See Browne, Charles Far-
rar.
Ward, Elizabeth Stuart Phelps. An Amer-
ican novelist and poet; born at Andover,
Mass. , August 1844. In 1888 she married
Herbert D. Ward, with whom she sometimes
collaborates. Among her books are: "The
Gates Ajar) ( 1868 ), one of the most successful
of American stories; Men, Women, and
Ghosts) (1869); “The Silent Partner? ( 1870 ) ;
(The Trotty Book) (1870 ); (The Story of
Avis) ( 1877 ) ; (Old Maid's Paradise (1879);
(Beyond the Gates) (1883); Dr. Zay' (1884);
(The Gates Between (1887); (The Master of
the Magicians) (1890); and (Come Forth)
( 1890'). Jointly with her husband she wrote:
(Poetic Studies,' verse (1885); “Songs of the
Silent World) ( 1885); and (The Struggle for
Immortality) (1889), a volume of essays. Her
most recent work is (The Story of Jesus
Christ) (1897. ) *
Ward, Herbert Dickinson. An American
writer of juvenile books; born in Massachu-
setts in 1861. He has published: (The Captain
of the Kittie Wink); (A Dash to the Pole);
( The New Senior at Andover); (The White
Crown,' etc. ; (The Burglar who Moved Para-
dise.
Ward, Mrs. Humphry (Mary Augusta Ar-
nold). An English novelist of great celebrity;
born at Hobart Town, Tasmania, in 1851. She
is a granddaughter of Dr. Arnold of Rugby, and
## p. 561 (#577) ############################################
WARD-WARING
561
was married in 1872 to Thomas Humphry Ward.
Her books are: Milly and Ollie) (1881); (Miss
Bretherton (1884); a translation of Amiel's
Journal) (1885); (Robert Elsmere) (1888), a
story of religious doubt, stirring up a great in-
terest and having an enormous circulation;
«The History of David Grieve) (1892); Mar-
cella) (1894); and (The Story of Bessie Cos-
trell (1895). She helped to establish, and
still takes an active interest in, University Hall,
a social settlement among the London poor.
Ward, Nathaniel. An English-American
lawyer, clergyman, and author; born at Haver-
hill, England, about 1578; died at Shenfield,
Essex, about October, 1653. While a pastor
in Massachusetts he wrote the Body of Lib-
erties, adopted December 1641, the first code
of laws established in New England. His other
writings are: (The Simple Cobler of Aga-
wam) (1647); (A Religious Retreat Sounded to
a Religious Army) (1647); (A Sermon Before
Parliament' (1647); and (Mercurius Anti-Me-
chanicus; or, The Simple Cobler's Boy, with
his Lap-full of Caveats) (1648).
Ward, Robert Plumer. An English writer
of fiction and miscellaneous works; born in
London, 1765; died 1846. His novels, (Tre-
maine) (1825), and (De Vere) (1827), published
anonymously, were exceedingly popular. His
other works include treatises on the law of
nations and essays on juristic topics.
Ward, Thomas. An American writer and
littérateur of New York city ; born 1807; died
1873. He was the author of : A Month of
Freedom); Passaic); (A Group of Poems);
(Flora : A Pastoral Opera); (War Lyrics. '
Ward, William Hayes. An American editor,
clergyman, and eminent Assyriologist; born in
Abington, Mass. , Jan. 25, 1835. He was a pastor
of the Congregational church and professor at
Ripon College, 1860–68, when he became editor
of the Independent. In 1884 he went to Bab-
ylon in charge of an expedition. He has written
much on Oriental archæology for the Bibli-
otheca Sacra, and other journals, and prepared
the report of the exploring expedition of 1884,
and published Notes on Oriental Antiquities.
Warden, David Baillie. An Irish-American
scholar; born in 1788; died in Paris, Oct.
9, 1845. He graduated at the New York Med-
ical College, was United States secretary
of legation at Paris, and subsequently consul
from 1804 to his death. He was a member of
the French Institute, and published: (Inquiry
concerning the Intellectual and Moral Facul-
ties and Literature of the Negroes) (18101;
"Origin and Nature of Consular Establish-
ments) (1816); Description of the District of
Columbia) (1816); "Statistical, Political, and
Historical Account of the United States) (1819);
"L'Art de vérifier les dates : Chronologie His-
torique de l'Amérique) (10 vols. , Paris, 1826-44);
(Bibliotheca Americana Septentrionalis, etc.
(1820); (Recherches sur les Antiquités de
l'Amérique Septentrionale) (1827); and (Bibli-
otheca Americana' (1831).
Warden, Florence. Pseudonym of Mrs.
George E. James. An English novelist; born
Florence Alice Price, 18— She won note with
(The House on the Marsh (1882), which had
a wide sale. She has since published: (At the
World's Mercy); A Vagrant Wife); “A Prince
of Darkness); A Dog With a Bad Name);
(Doris's Fortune); "Scheherazade : A London
Night's Entertainment); and others.
Ware, Henry, Jr. An American clergyman
and religious writer; born at Hingham, Mass. ,
April 21, 1794 ; died at Framingham, Mass. , Sept.
22, 1843. He took an active part in the organ-
ization of the Unitarian movement. Among
his writings are: (Hints on Extemporaneous
Preaching) (1824); (Recollections of Jotham
Anderson) (about 1824); (On the Forma-
tion of the Christian Character) (1831); Life
of the Saviour) (1832; new ed. 1868); (The
Feast of the Tabernacle, an oratorio poem
(1837); (Memoirs) of Rev. Dr. Parker (1834),
Dr. Noah Webster, Dr. John Priestley, and
Oberlin; and (Scenes and Characters Illustrat.
ing Christian Truth' (2 vols. , 1837). Selections
from his writings were published in 4 vols. ,
1846-47.
Ware, Mrs. Katharine Augusta (Rhodes).
An American poet; born in Quincy, Mass. ,
in 1797 ; died in Paris, in 1843. She edited
The Bower of Taste, and published a volume
of poems, Power of the Passions, etc. (1842).
Ware, William. An American clergyman,
editor, and author; born at Hingham, Mass. ,
Aug. 3, 1797; died at Cambridge, Mass. , Feb.
19, 1852. In addition to his pastorates, and his
editorship of the Christian Examiner, he wrote
the following: (Letters from Palmyra) (1837),
first published in the Knickerbocker Magazine,
subsequently republished as "Zenobia; or, The
Fall of Palmyra! (new ed. 1868); Probus; or,
Rome in the Third Century' (1838), republished
as Aurelian) (new ed. 1868); “Julian; or, Scenes
in Judea) (1841); (Sketches of European Cap-
itals) (1851); Lectures on the Works and
Genius of Washington Allston' (1852); and a
"Life of Nathaniel Bacon, in Sparks's series.
He edited (American Unitarian Biography)
(1850).
Warfield, Catharine Ann (Ware). An
American poet and novelist; born near Natchez,
Miss. , June 6, 1816; died in Kentucky, May 21,
1877. She published, with her sister Eleanor,
( The Wife of Leon, and Other Poems) (1844);
( The Indian Chamber,' etc. (1846): and wrote
(The Household of Bouverie) (1860); (The Ro-
mance of the Green Seal (1867); (Miriam Mon-
fort) (1873); Hester Howard's Temptation
(1875); A Double Wedding (1875); “Sea and
Shore) (1876); “The Romance of Beausein-
court) (1876); (Ferne Fleming' (1877); (The
Cardinal's Daughter) (1877).
Waring, George Edwin. An American sani-
tary engineer, author, and lecturer. He was
born in Poundridge, West Chester County,
N. Y. , July 4, 1833. He was colonel of the 6th
Missouri Cavalry in the Civil War. He was
36
## p. 562 (#578) ############################################
562
WARNECK - WARREN
superintendent of the street-cleaning depart-
ment of New York city, 1895-98. Soon after
the War he published very spirited stories
of army experience, and has since published
many works on drainage and sanitary science;
also (A Farmer's Vacation, (The Bride of the
Rhine, Village Improvement, etc.
Warneck, Gustav Adolf (vär'nek). A Ger-
man theological writer; born at Naumburg,
March 6, 1834. He wrote: (Missions in the
Light of the Bible) (1878); "The Relations
between Missions and Modern Civilization
(1879); (The Mission in Pictures from its His-
tory) (1884); (Sketch of the History of Mis-
sions from the Reformation to the Present
Time); «The Ultramontane Art of Fence)
(1889); (The Romanism of To-day in the Light
of its Missions to the Heathen) (1889); (The
Evangelical Alliance and its Opponents (1889);
Position of the Evangelical Mission Toward
the Question of Slavery) (1889).
Warner, Anna Bartlett. (“Amy Lothrop. ”]
An American author; born in New York in
1820. In conjunction with her sister, Susan
Warner, she published the novels (Say and
Seal (1860); (Wych Hazel (1876); and (The
Gold of Chickaree) (1876). Among her sepa-
rate works, published under her pen-name
“Amy Lothrop, are: Dollars and Cents)
(1853); My Brother's Keeper) (1855); (Sto-
ries of Vinegar Hill (1871); (The Fourth
Watch); ( The Blue Flag,' etc. (1879); (The
Other Shore); (Three Little Spades,' a child's
book; and (Gardening by Myself. .
Warner, Charles Dudley. An American
man of letters and novelist; born in Plainfield,
Mass. , Sept. 12, 1829. He graduated at Hamil-
ton College in 1851, was admitted to the bar
in 1856, and practiced in Chicago till 1860, when
he removed to Hartford, Conn. , became editor
of the Press in 1861, and of the Courant upon its
consolidation with the Press in 1867. He has
been connected with Harper's Monthly Maga-
zine, as the contributor of an editorial depart-
ment, since 1884. His literary work began
while in college, in contributions of stories to
the Knickerbocker and Putnam's Magazine.
His first book was a compilation for the use of
students in schools, called (A Book of Elo-
quence) (1853). In 1870 he published (My Sum-
mer in a Garden,' which was followed by
"Saunterings) (1872); (Backlog Studies) (1872);
' The Gilded Age' (with S. L. Clemens, 1873);
(Baddeck, and That Sort of Thing) (1874);
(Mummies and Moslems) (1876-re-issued under
the title (My Winter on the Nile'); "In the
Levant) (1877); ( Being a Boy) (1877); “In the
Wilderness) (1878); (The American News-
paper) (1879); “Studies of Irving) (with W. C.
Bryant and George P. Putnam, 1880); Life of
Washington Irving) (1881); edited (American
Men of Letters) (of this series (Washington
Irving,' 1881, was the initial volume; the thir-
teenth volume, 'George William Curtis, by Ed-
ward Cary, appeared in 1894); Captain John
Smith, Sometime Governor of Virginia, and
Admiral of New England: A Study of his Life
and Writings) (1881); (A Roundabout Journey)
(1883); Papers on Penology) (with others;
Reformatory Press, Elmira, N. Y. , 1886); (Their
Pilgrimage) (1886); (On Horseback: A Tour
in Virginia, North Carolina, and Tennessee,
Published with Notes of Travel in Mexico and
California) (1888); (Studies in the South and
West, with Comments on Canada) (1889); (A
Little Journey in the World: A Novel (1889);
Looking Forward: The Dual Government
Realized) (1890); Our Italy, Southern Cali-
fornia) (1890); As We Were Saying' (1891);
(Washington Irving) (1892); (The Work of
Washington Irving' (1893); "As We Go' (1893);
( The Golden House: A Novel (1894); (The
Relation of Literature to Life (1896); (The
People for Whom Shakespeare Wrote' (1897);
edited (A Library of the World's Best Litera.
ture) (1896-98).
Warner, Susan. An American novelist ;
born in New York, July II, 1819; died at
Highland Falls, N. Y. , March 17, 1885.
