No More Learning

Gardner, A. Synesius of Cyrene: in The Fathers for Engl. Readers.
London. 1886.
Nicol, J. C. Synesius of Cyrene.
Synesius of Cyrene. Cambridge. 1887. Volkmann, R.
Synesius von Cyrene. Berlin. 1869.
(c) MONOGRAPHS, BIOGRAPHIES AND SPECIAL TREATISES.
See Bibl. to cc. 1, 11, and v for :-
Boissier, Chawner, Hort, and Seeck (Quellen u. Urkunden, Untergang).
Abt, A. Die Apologie des Apuleius von Madaura und die antike Zauberei.
Giessen. 1908.
Cumont, F. Le manichéisme. Paris. 1908.
Pichon, R. Les derniers écrivains profanes. Paris. 1906.
Püch, A. St. Jean Chrysostome et les meurs de son temps. Paris. 1891.
Roger, M. L'enseignement des lettres classiques d'Ausone à Alcuin. Paris. 1905.
Stephens, W. R. W. St John Chrysostom, his life and times. London. 1883.
Stewart, H. F. Boëthius, an Essay. Edinburgh. 1891.


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695
CHAPTER XXI.
EARLY CHRISTIAN ART.
1. BIBLIOGRAPHY.
Complete list of books given in the work of Leclerq (see below).
2. ADDITIONAL, CHIEFLY MODERN WORKS.
Butler, H. C. Architecture and other Arts etc. , in Syria etc. New York. 1902.
Cabrol, le R. P. dom. Dictionnaire d'Archéologie Chrétienne etc. Paris. 1902,
still in progress. (A very comprehensive account of every branch of the
subject. )
Dalton, O. M. British Museum, Catalogue of Early Christian Antiquities etc.
London. 1901.
Guide to the Christian Antiquities in the British Museum. (The best
small book on the subject in English. ) (Also many other works and articles
by the same writer. )
Frothingham, A. L. The Monuments of Christian Rome etc. New York. 1908.
Leclercq, H. M. Manuel d'Archéologie Chrétienne etc. Paris. 1907. (One of the
best general accounts of the subject. )
Lowries, W. Christian Art etc. London. 1901.
Marrucchi. Éléments d'Archéologie Chrétienne etc. Paris. 1900.
Michel, A. Histoire de l'Art etc. Paris. 1905.
Peraté, A. L'Archéologie Chrétienne. Paris. 1892. (An excellent small hand-
book. )
Ramsay, Sir W. and Miss G. L. Bell. The Thousand and One Churches. (Asia
Minor. ) 1909.
Smith and Cheetham. A Dictionary of Christian Antiquities. London. 1876–90.
Strzygowski, J. Orient oder Rom. Leipsic. 1901. Also many other works.
Venturi, A. Storia dell'Arte Italiana etc. Milan. 1901.
(And more recent works. )
Wilpert, J. Die Malereien der Katakomben etc. Freiburg-i. -B. 1900. (A finely
illustrated work on Early Christian Paintings. )
CA. XXI.


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696
CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE
OF
LEADING EVENTS MENTIONED IN THIS VOLUME
284 Election of Diocletian (17 Sept. ).
297 Peace with Persia : acquisition of the five provinces.
303 The Great Persecution (24 Feb. ).
305 Abdication of Diocletian (1 May).
306 Elevation of Constantine at York.
309–380 Reign of Sapor II in Persia.
311 Edict of Toleration and death of Galerius.
312 Battle of Saxa Rubra (28 Sept. ).
Edict of Milan.
323 Battle of Chrysopolis (Sept. ).
325 Council of Nicaea.
328–373 Athanasius Bishop of Alexandria.
330 Foundation of Constantinople.
337 Death of Constantine (22 May).
War with Persia.
339 Second Exile of Athanasius.
341 Council of the Dedication at Antioch.
343 Council of Sardica.
346 Return of Athanasius.
350 Revolt of Magnentius.
352 Battle of Mursa.
355 Julian made Caesar for Gaul.
356 Third Exile of Athanasius.
357 Battle of Argentoratum.
359 Councils of Ariminum and Seleucia.
360 Mutiny at Paris: Julian proclaimed Augustus.
Council of Constantinople.
361-363 Julian Emperor.
363-364 Jovian Emperor. Peace with Persia: cession of the five provinces.
364 Valentinian and Valens Emperors.
369 Count Theodosius in Britain.
374–397 Ambrose Bishop of Milan.
375–383 Gratian Emperor in the West.
376 Passage of the Danube by the Goths.
378 Battle of Hadrianople (9 Aug. ).
379–395 Reign of Theodosius.


## p. 697 (#727) ############################################

Chronological Table
697
381 Council of Constantinople.
383-388 Usurpation of Maximus.
386 Execution of Priscillian.
390 Destruction of the Serapeum.
392 Revolt of Arbogast.
394 Battle of the Frigidus (6 Sept. ).
395 Arcadius and Honorius Emperors.
400 Revolt of Gaïnas.
402 Battle of Pollentia.
406 Passage of the Rhine by the Germans (31 Dec. ).
407 Withdrawal of the legions from Britain.
408_450 Reign of Theodosius II in the East.
408 Mutiny at Pavia. Execution of Stilicho.
410 Sack of Rome by Alaric (23 Aug. ).
412 The Visigoths in Gaul.
418 Rescript of Honorius to Agricola.
425-455 Valentinian III Emperor in the West.
429 The Vandals in Africa.
430 Death of Augustine.
431 Council of Ephesus.
438 Codex Theodosianus. Legal separation of East and West.
439 Capture of Carthage by the Vandals.
440-461 Pope Leo I.
445 Edict of Valentinian III.
449 The Latrocinium at Ephesus.
C. 449 Traditional date of Hengest and Horsa.
450_458 Marcian Emperor in the East.
451 Council of Chalcedon.
Battle of the Mauriac Plain.
452 Destruction of Aquileia by Attila. Embassy of Pope Leo.
454 Assassination of Aëtius.
455 Sack of Rome by Gaiseric.
457–461 Reign of Majorian in the West.
468 Failure of Basiliscus before Carthage.
472 Capture of Rome by Ricimer.
474_491 Zeno Emperor in the East.
476 Deposition of Romulus Augustulus.
Odovacar master of Italy till 493.
481 The Henoticon of Zeno. Schism in the Church.
481-511 Reign of Clovis.
486 Clovis defeats Syagrius.
491-518 Anastasius Emperor.
493–526 Reign of Theodoric in Italy.
507 Battle of Vouglé. Clovis conquers Aquitaine.
518 Justin Emperor. End of the Schism.
533 Conquest of Africa by Belisarius.
597 Landing of Augustine.
Death of Columba (9 June).


## p. 698 (#728) ############################################



## p. 699 (#729) ############################################

699
INDEX
Aachen. See Aix-la-Chapelle
Abercius, Bishop of Hierapolis, 164
Ablabius, favourite of Constantine, 21 sq. ;
murder of, 55
Aboras (Khabūr), River, 22; Julian crosses,
82
Abraham, patriarch, story of, 336; 583
Abrittus, battle of, 204
Abruzzi, Altaian Bulgars settle in moun.
tains of, 358
Abundantius, general, banished, 457
Acacius, Bishop of Amida, helps the Persian
prisoners, 464
Acacius, Bishop of Caesarea in Palestine,
convenes & Syrian synod, 132; 133;
assents to Nicene faith, 136
Acacius, Bishop of Constantinople, opposes
Basiliscus, 473 ; character, 515; alliance
with Peter of Alexandria, 516; and the
Henoticon, 517; excommunicated by
Simplicius, ib. ; erasure of name from
diptychs, 518
Achaia, 30 sq. ; last stronghold of paganism,
113; Goths in, 237 ; under Theodosius,
253 ; 261
Achillaeus, usurper, revolt of, 120
Acholius, Bishop of Thessalonica, baptises
Theodosius I, 140
Acincum, Valentinian at, 229
Acoemetae, order of monks at Constanti-
nople, 516
Aconia Paulina, wife of Praetextatus, pagan
rites of, 93
Acris, Hypatius captured at, 485
Acropolis at Athens, the, 598
Acts of the Apostles, the, cited, 148 ; 154;
translated into verse by Arator of Milan,
449
Adamantius, son of Vivianus, treats with
Theodoric, 475 sq.
Adamelissi, fortress of Tropaeum Traiani
built at, 210 sq.
Adamnan, his Life of St Columba cited, 391
Adda, River, battle on, 439
Addao, King of the Alani, death of, 304
Addaeus, Roman officer, employed in
Armenia, 225
Adeodatus, son of Augustine, 596
ad Evangelum presbyterum of Jerome, 155
‘Adid the Arab, joins Romans, 482
Adige, River, 193, 441
Admagetobriga (Montbéliard), Gauls de-
feated at, 193
Admonitions for Monks, Rabbula, cited,
526
Adria, Goths at, 446
Adriatic Sea, fleet of Maximus in, 243;
nomads find winter quarters by, 358 and
note ; 364; Theodoric's fleet in, 451 ; 459
Aduatuci, Teutonic tribe, in Gaul, 190; in
Belgica, 193
Aedan, Dalriadic King, encounters Aethel-
frith, 391
Aedesius, philosopher, 64, 99
Aedui, Keltic tribe, at war with the Sequani,
193; subdued, 194
Aegean Sea, 16 sq. , 19, 205 sq. ; nomads
winter near, 358
Aegidius, generalof Majorian, victorious near
Orleans, 282, 298; death, 299, 310; makes
alliance with Gaiseric, 310; independent
ruler in Gaul, 424 sq. ; defeats Visigoths,
425 ; death, ib.
Aegina, pagan worship at, 93
Aelia Capitolina. See Jerusalem
Aelle, King of Deira, 390
Aelle, reputed founder of the kingdom of
Sussex, 382, 390
Aemilia, 239; Alaric in, 273
Aemona (Laibach), Theodosius at, 243; 247;
Alaric at, 264, 268
Aequitius, Roman general, 218, 220 sq. , 229
Aeruli. See Heruli
Aesculapius, Julian revives worship of, 107
Aestii. See Aists
Aethelberht, King of Kent, and Ceawlin,
389 sq. ; importance of, 391
Aethelfrith, King of Bernicia, obtains Deira
by marriage, 390; encounters Aedan, 391;
massacres the Britons, ib.
Aethiopica, attributed to Heliodorus, 569
Aëtius, Roman general, forms alliance with
Visigoths, 279, 416; defeats the Huns,
280, 416; and the Salian Franks, 297 ;
298; and the Vandals, 308; and the
Huns, 360 sqq. , 407 ; 394 ; Britons appeal
for help to, 380; 393; and Valentinian III,
395, 397, 399; birth and parentage, 406;
supports usurper John, 407 sq. ; pro-
moted, 408; successes of, 410; struggle


## p. 700 (#730) ############################################

700
Index
with Boniface, ib. ; supreme in the West,
411; policy in Gaul and Africa, ib. ;
412 sqq. ; third time consul, 415; sup-
ports Frankish prince, ib. ; fails to crush
Attila, 416 sq. ; assassinated, 418; his
greatness dis
ed, 418 sq. ; 420 sqq.
Aëtius, city praefect, attacked, 463
Aëtius, heretic teacher, condemnation of,
137
Africa, under Maxentius, 3; Christians in,
11; 13, 18, 30 sq. , 50; awarded to Con.
stans, 56; 58 sq. ; 61 ; 88; slow decay
of paganism in, 115, 121 ; 162; church
councils for, 164 sq. ; 172; first councils of
bishops in, 178; 182; Franks in, 202; 218;
misgovernment in, 227 sq. ; acknow-
ledges Maximus, 239; revolt of Gildo
in, 262 sqq. , 458; Heraclian in, 272 sqq. ;
importance of corn supply of, 275; Van-
dals settled in, 276, 277; Wallia attempts
to seize corn of, 278; 287; the Vandals
in, 305 sq. , 409, 412, 465; divided be.
tween Romans and Vandals, 307, 413;
Vandals seize all Roman provinces, 309;
Marcellinus fails to relieve, 310 ; Vandals
confirmed in possession of, 311; per-
secution of the Catholics in, 312; revolt
of Moors in, 312 sq. ; 315; constitution
of the Vandal kingdom in, 316 sqq. , 399 ;
Arian predominance in, 306, 312, 321;
322; 358, 393 ; revolt of Heraclian in,
402; 404 ; Boniface in, 406 sqq. ; policy
of Aëtius towards, 411, 419; Roman cap-
tives carried to, 421 ; 423, 428, 430 sq. ,
452, 518; monachism in, 532; Punio
language used in, 545; oil trade of, 548;
and the corn supply, 552; 586; early
churches in, 609; 612
Africanus, governor of Pannonia Secunda,
64
Agapitus, holds appointments under Theo-
doric, 442 sq.
Agde, council held at, 286
Agilo, Roman general, envoy to Aquileia,
77 ; supports Procopius, 220; deserts to
Valens, 221
Agricola, Cn. Julius, in Britain, 368, 372
Agri Decumates, barbarians overrun the,
201
Agrigentum, Romans victorious at, 309
Agrippinus, comes, commands in Narbonne,
282
Ahenobarbus, L. Domitius, Roman general,
197
Aists (Aestii), 184
Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen), a principal city
of the Ripuarian Franks, 300
Akatziri, the, submit to Attila, 360 sq.
Akeman Street, course of, 376
Akhmim. See Panopolis
Alai Mts, 340
Alani (Alans), settled near River Don, 203 ;
protect the Urugundi, 206; overpowered
by Huns, 215, 231 ; plunder Roman pro-
vinces, 216 ; 233; favoured by Gratian,
238; raid territory of Alemanni, 241 ;
enlist under Theodosius, 242 ; 250; at
battle of Hadrianople, 251 ; 253 ; in Pan.
nonia, 254 ; migrate to Noricum, 264; at
battle of Pollentia, 265; invade Gaul,
266 sq. , 393 sq. , 400; in Spain, 274 sq. ,
304, 316, 400; defeated by Goths, 278,
281, 304, 404; remnant joins the Asdin-
gian Vandals, 304, 404; subordinate to
Vandals in Africa, 316; paganism of,
320; in Italy and Gaul, 358; tributary
to Attila, 361 ; desert from army of
Ataulf, 403; 412 ; settled in Gaul, 413,
416; 471
Alaric, King of the Visigoths, 113; makes
Attalus emperor, 115, 272; storms Rome,
170; first appearance of, 257; dis-
appointed of promotion, 259; marches
on Constantinople, 260, 456 ; campaign
in Greece, 261, 457 sq. ; treats with
Western and Eastern Empires, 262, 458 ;
invades the Western Empire, 264 ; at the
battle of Pollentia, 265, 461; Illyrian
project of, 267; subsidised by Rome, 268 ;
besieges Rome, 270; demands excessive
concessions, 271 ; sacks Rome, 273 ;
death, 274, 365, 392, 399; result of rule
of, 276; 283, 289, 305 ; and Stilicho,
394 ; 400, 402, 404; Gaudentius a hostage
with, 407 ; 417; 459, 461 sq. , 552
Alaric II, King of the Visigoths, decline of
Gothic power under, 284 ; character and
rule of, 285 ; defeated and slain, 286;
289 sq. ; Catholic Church under, 291;
marries Theodoric's daughter, 451; killed,
452
Alathar, magister militum, 485; captured,
486
Alatheus, leader of the Greutungi, 232 ; de-
vastates Pannonia, 237 ; invades Roman
territory, 250; at battle of Hadrianople,
251 ; rules for infant son of Withimir,
253
Alavio, chief of the Visigoths, 214 sg. ;
killed, 233; obtains leave to settle in
Roman territory, 250
Alba, 44
Albania, Roumanians in, 356
Albanians, 357; speech of, 546
Albini, Christian members of family of, 572
Albinus, heathen pontiff, 116 ; 571
Albinus, patrician, 448; accused of in-
trigue, 453
Alboin, King of the Lombards, 358, 431
Alchester near Bicester, on Akeman Street,
376
Aldborough (Isurium Brigantum), Romano-
British town, 373
Alemanni, confederacy of Teutonic tribes,
3; defeated by Magnentius, 65 ; defeated
at Strassburg, 68; subdued, 69 sq. ; 73 sq. ;
confederacy of the, 195, 200 and note;
reach Italian frontier, 201 ; 202; raids
of, 207; repulsed, 208; campaigns of
Constantius against, 209; defeated at


## p. 701 (#731) ############################################

Index
701
165; 160 sg.
Argentaria, 210, 252 sq. ; campaigns of
Valentinian against, 222 sq. ; king of, slain,
223; defeated, 224; prisoners settled in
Italy, ib. ; 229; Roman army recruited
from, 246, 259; 248, 253; campaign of,
against Romans of Upper Germany, 266;
267; in army of Jovinus, 275, 401; sup-
posed origin of, 292 899. ; 299; conflict
with the Ripuarian Franks, 300; possibly
subject to Attila, 361; invasion of Gaul
by, 400 sq. ; settled on Upper Rhine, 413;
guard the frontier, 441; Theodoric pro-
tects, 451
Alexander the Great, 17, 25, 78, 83, 87, 353,
403, 489
Alexander, Bishop of Alexandria, and the
Arian controversy, 120, 159,
Alexander, Bishop of Antioch, 170 sq.
Alexandria, 3, 14, 18; inhabitants murder
their Bishop, 80 ; becomes a centre of
learning, 88; pagan worship at, 97; 99;
return of Athanasius to, 104; Arius at,
119; Athanasius expelled from, 128;
return of Athanasius to, 130; 131 sq. ;
135 sqq. , 139, 141; parochial system at,
159 ; presbyterian election of bishops at,
160 sq. ; Arian controversy at, 165 ; 167;
ancient importance of church of, 171,
173 sqq. ; Maximus acclaimed Emperor
in, 239; threatened by Vandals, 310;
religious riots in, 463, 485; Patricius at,
471; rivalry with Antioch, 487 ; jealousy
of Constantinople, 488; character of
population, 489 sq. ; Origenism con-
demned by synod of, 490 ; Christian and
Pagan teachers in, 496; and Nestorianism,
497 sq. ; synod at, condemns Nestorian.
ism, 499; articles condemning Nestorius
drafted at, 501; and the Monophysite con.
troversy,503 sqq. ; and the Robber Council,
505; 511; disturbances in, 512 sq. ; the He-
noticon sent to, 516; 522 sqq. ; corn fleet
of, 552; school of, 577, 579; work of
Synod of (362), 584 ; influences Italian
art, 598; sarcophagi at, 602 ; casket of
Projecta made in, 603 ; glass-works of,
606 ; synagogue at, 609
Alexandria, Bishops of. See Alexander,
Athanasius, Cyril, Dionysius, Dioscorus,
George of Cappadocia, Gregory of Cappa-
docia, Heraclas, Peter, Proterius, Theo-
philus, Timothy
Algeria, 412
Al Harith, Taghlibi chief, makes peace with
Rome, 481
Al Hira, 464
Aligildus, Roman officer, 77
Allectus, usurper, crushed by Constantius,
377
Aller, River, 187
Allia, River, and Brennus, 576
Allobroges, Keltic tribe, 192
Al Mundhir, sheikh of Al Hira, invades
Syria, 464
Alpes Maritimae, Gothic rule in, 287
Alpheus, River, 261
Alps, crossed by Constantine I, 4; by Con-
stantine II, 58; passes garrisoned by
Magnentius, 61 ; crossed by Constantius
(Julian and Cottian), 61; 73; (Cottian)
75; 133; 186; (Carnic) 192; Germanic
tribes cross the, 193, 201; Gratian flees
to, 238; secured against Maximus, 239;
Cottian passes forced by Maximus, 242;
245; Flavianus in the (Julian), 247;
Goths reach, 252 ; barbarians cross, 265;
267; Ataulf crosses, 271; Goths reach,
284; (Julian) Huns cross, 364, 417; 367;
Marcian crosses, 423; (Graian) passes
secured by Theodoric, 452
Alsace. See Elsass
Altaians, the, Ch. xII (A) passim, 329, 331 ;
appearance and habits, 332 sqq. ; govern-
ment, 334 sq. ; persistence of customs of,
340; food, 339 8qq. ; family ties, 342;
religion, 343 sqq. ; marauding habits, 349;
military skill, 350; permanency of rule
of, 351
Altinum, Bishop of. See Peter
Altrip, Romans build fort at, 224
Alypius, friend of Augustine, 593 sq.
Alypius, minister of Julian, plans restora-
tion of the Temple at Jerusalem, 80
Amal family, 468
Amalaberga, sister of Theodoric the Great,
marries Hermanfred, 451
Amalafrida, sister of Theodoric the Great,
marries Thrasamund the Vandal, 313,
451; imprisoned, 314
Amalaric, son of Alaric II, established on
the throne of Spain, 452
Amalasuntha, mother of Athalarich, remon-
strates with Hilderic, 314; offers help to
the Romans, 315; marries Eutharic, 451;
regency of, 454 ; imprisonment, ib. ;
death, 455
Amandus, admiral of Licinius, 7 sq.
Ambrones, Teutonic tribe, 191 and note;
defeated by the Romans, 193; location
of the, 198
Ambrose, St, Bishop of Milan, 67; leads
Christian party at Rome, 115; 116 sq. ;
election of, 152 sq. ; de Officiis of, 157;
cited, 157, 180, 531, 592, 595 ; 172; in-
fluences Gratian, 237; career of, 239; as
minister to Valentinian II, ib. ; mission
to Maximus, 240; 242; and the penance
of Theodosius, 244 sq. , 257; summoned
to baptise Valentinian, 245; condemns
Eugenius, 246; 249; monastery of, 531
sq. ; 566, 571 sq. ; builds church of the
Apostles, 610
Ambrosiaster (Isaac), 151 ; Quaestiones of,
cited, 155 sqq. , 159 sqq.
Ambrosius Aurelianus, heads British resist.
ance to English invasion, 388
Amida, siege of, 72; Ardaburius at, 464;
siege of (502), 481; Romans attempt to
recapture, 482
Amida, Bishop of. See Acacius


## p. 702 (#732) ############################################

702
Index
Anglii. See Angles
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, the, unreliable
chronology of, 380, 383; cited, 382,
389 sq.
Amiens, Valentinian at, 223; Vandals at,
266
Ammedera, 263
Ammianus Marcellinus, historian, 46; at
siege of Amida, 72 ; 80; 99 ; 110; cited,
71, 76, 79, 85, 97, 103, 134, 166, 173, 188,
295 sq. , 379, 581, 592, 594 sq.
Amoun, monk of Nitria, 522
Ampelius, son of Attalas, 273
Ampsivarii, tribe of Ripuarian Franks,
campaign of Arbogast against, 259; 295;
299
Amru 'l Kais, Arab, obtains island of
Jotaba, 472
Amu, River, 323 ; cattle-breedivg in the
delta of, 331
Anagast, in command in Thrace, rebels,
470
Anastasia, sister of Constantine, marriage
of, 22
Anastasis, memorial in the church of the
Holy Sepulchre, 609
Anastasius II, Bishop of Rome, 182; elec-
tion of, 449
Anastasius I, Eastern Emperor, 312; friend.
ship with Thrasamund the Vandal, 313 ;
and Theodoric, 440 sq. , 443, 445; supports
the freebooter Mundo, 451 ; death, 455,
486; accession, 467,479; marries Ariadne,
479; disturbances in reign of, 480 ; and
the Persian War, 481 sqq. ; relieves taxa-
tion in Mesopotamia, 483; administra-
tion, 484; son of, killed, ib. ; and the mob
riots, 485 ; religious position, 518
Anastasius, priest, and the Nestorian con-
troversy, 498
Anatha, inbabitants of, transported to
Chalcis, 82
Anatolius, Bishop of Constantinople, crowns
Leo I, 468; 505; Pope Leo and, 506 sq. ;
511; at the Council of Chalcedon, draws
up two creeds, 509 sq. ; appoints Maximus
of Antioch, 514
Anatolius, magister militum per Orientem,
defends eastern frontier, 466; arranges
truce with Persia, ib.
Anaa, earliest inhabitants, 329 sq.
Anchialus, Vitalianus retires to, 486
Ancyra, visited by Julian, 79; 86; 132;
Council of, 137; home of Marcellus, 139;
bishops of Asia Minor meet at, 178;
canons of the Council of, 179 sq. ; Valen.
tinian at, 218; flight of Valens to, 221;
attacked by Marcian, 476
Ancyrona, 23
Anderida. See Peven sey
Andragathius, pursues Gratian, 238; death,
243
Andrew, St, Apostle, recognised as patron
saint of Constantinople, 488
Angers, threatened by Saxons, 299
Angles (Anglii), the, early home of, 198,
382; settlements in Britain, ib. ; men-
tioned by Tacitus, 383; 384 sq.
Anglesey, Roman objects found in, 372
Angrivarii, location of the, 198
Angulus (Angel), reputed early home of
Angles, 382, 390
Anianus, minister of Gothic kings, 290
Anicetus, Bishop of Rome, 164
Anician family, 22, 397; Maximus at head
of, 420
Anicius Julianus, grandfather of Julian, 63
Anio, River, 536
Anonymus Valesii, cited, 434, 438, 440 sq. ,
447 sq. , 451 sqq.
Anselm, St, Archbishop of Canterbury, and
teaching concerning the Atonement, 587
Antalas, Moorish prince, defeats the Vandals,
314
Antenor, Trojan leader, legend of the Franks
concerning, 293
Anteros, Bishop of Rome, death of, 153
Anthemius, Emperor of the West, sends an
army against the Goths, 283, 427; acces-
sion of, 310, 395, 426, 470; his struggle
with Ricimer, 394, 427 sq. ; importance
of Senate under, 397 ; prepares expeditiou
against Gaiseric, 426; defeated and killed,
428, 474; 429 sq. , 433, 435, 443; marries
daughter of Marcian, 468
Anthemius, grandfather of the emperor, 396;
praetorian praefect, 461; administration,
461 sqq. , 467; 464; wall of, 465
Anthimus, Bishop of Tyana, 139; made
metropolitan by Valens, 168
Anthony, St, birth, 521; call, ib. ; mon.
achism founded by, 522 ; 526
Antinöe, convent at, 531
Antioch, Gallus at, 60, 62 sq. ; 76 ; recep.
tion of Julian at, 79; hostile to Julian,
81; centre of learning at, 88; 119; Coun.
cil " of the Dedication” at, 129; fourth
creed of, reissued, 130; schism at, 134 sqq. ;
Valens at, 138; 161; 165; canons of,
168, 179 sq. , 493; ancient importance
of church of, 171, 173 sqq. , 220; Valens
at, 226, 234; riot in, 241 sq. ; besieged by
Huns, 261, 456; Eudocia at, 466; Tro-
cundes sent to, 473; Illus at, 477 ;
Leontius at, 478; Anastasius proposed
for bishopric of, 479; 480 ; riots at, 485 ;
rivalry with Alexandria, 487; dissension
in church of, 490; Chrysostom at, 491;
Nestorius educated at, 495; and Nestor-
ianism, 497; Nestorius in monastery near,
502 ; sermon of Theodoret in, 504 ; 511 ;
rival bishops in, 514; trade in, 550 ;
school of, 579 ; St Peter at, 608; Con.
stantine's church at, 610
Antioch, Bishops of. See Alexander,
Babylas, Domnus, Eudoxius, Fabius,
Flavian, Flavianus, John, John Scholas-
ticus, Meletius, Paul of Samosata, Pauli.
nus, Peter the Faller, Severus, Stephen
Antiochus, eunuch in charge of Theodosius


## p. 703 (#733) ############################################

Index
703
II, 462 ; removed, ib. ; restored, 465 ;
deposed, 466
Antonines, the, 20
Antoninus Pius, T. , Emperor, 368 sq.
Wall of, see Roman Wall
Antoninus, Bishop of Ephesus, and Chry.
sostom, 491
Antoninus, Syrian officer in Roman army,
flees to Persia, 72
Antunnacum (Andernach), refortified by
Julian, 209
Anubis, Egyptian divinity, 90
Apadna, fort of, Romans routed at, 482
Apamea, sacked by Goths, 204
Apamea, Bishop of. See Conon
Apennines, Mts, Stilicho attacks Radagaisus
in, 265; 417
Aphraates, cited, 526
Apocryphal books, the, surrendered, 12
Apodemius, official of Constantius, put to
death, 78
Apollinarius, the younger, Bishop of Lao-
dicea in Syria, heresy of, 135 sqq. ;
school of, 139; transposes the Bible,
570
Apollinarius (Apollinaris) the elder, pres-
byter of Laodicea, transposes the Bible,
570
Apollo, Julian revives worship of, 107; plan
of temple of, 608
Apollonia, a centre of learning at, 88
Apollonius, merchant, his life as a monk in
Nitria, 523
Apology, the, of Justin Martyr, cited, 149
Apophthegms of the Egyptian monks, cited,
160
Apostles, canons of the, 180 sq.
Apostolic Church Order, the, 149 sq. , 178
Apostolic Constitutions, cited, 153, 161
Appion, praefect, manages commissariat in
Persian War, 482; banished, 485
Apronianus, comes rerum privatarum under
Theodoric, 442
Aptunga, Bishop of. See Felix
Apuleius, 89; the Metamorphoses of, 90
Apulia, 30; 358; fleet of Anastasius
plunders in, 451
Aquae Mattiacae, 225
Aquae Sextiae, Teutons defeated at, 193
Aquae Sulis. See Bath
Aquileia, battle of, 58; Magnentius takes
refuge at, 61; remains loyal to Con-
stantius, 76; submits to Julian, 77;
Council of, 166; besieged by Germans,
199; Justina and Valentinian II at, 242;
Maximus captured at, 243, 256 ; 247 ;
edict of Theodosius from,
257 ; Alaric at,
264, 270; taken by the Huns, 364, 417;
monastic training of Jerome and Rufinus
at, 531
Aquilis, River, Alario crosses, 268
Aquinas, Thomas, 584
Aquitaine, Visigoths in, 287 sq. , 401
Aquitania, Vandals pass through, 266
Aquitanica Prima, attacked by Eurio, 283
Aquitanica Secunda, Goths assigned land
in, 278, 401 and note ; entirely given over
to Goths, 279, 404; 286; 402
Arabia, 502
Arabs, the, defeated by Vitianus, 464 ;
make raids in Syria, 468, 472 ; aid
Persia against Rome, 481 sqq. ; join Rome,
482 sq. ; invasion of, 529; retain their
native language, 545
Aral Sea, 323 ; sand-deserts by, 327 ; 335
Araric, Gothic king, 19
Arator of Milan, translates the Acts of the
Apostles into verse, 449
Arausio (Orange), battle of, 192
Arbazacius the Armenian, general, gains
successes against Isaurians, 461; recalled,
ib.
Arbicius, Roman envoy to Persia, 231
Arbitio, general, defeated, 65; opposes
Julian, 76; conducts trial of partisans
of Constantius, 78; and Procopius, 221;
joins Theodosius at the Frigidus, 247, 259
Arbogast the Frank, 62; in command
against Goths, 237, 254; victorious over
Maximus, 243; ruler of Gaul, 243 sq. ,
256, 299; supersedes Valentinian, 245,
258; makes Eugenius emperor, 246,
258; defeated, commits suicide, 247,
259; 295 ; 393 sq.
Arbor Felix, Gratian at, 253
Arcadia, Goths driven from, 261
Arcadia, daughter of Arcadius, 462; and
Nestorius, 499, 502
Arcadiopolis, taken by Huns, 363; taken
by Theodoric, 471
Arcadius, Emperor of the East, quinquen.
nalia celebrations of, 241 ; 246 ; becomes
emperor, 260, 456; marries Eudoxia,
ib. ; recalls Stilicho, 261, 457 ; 262;
negotiates with Gaïnas, 263, 458 ; death
of, 268, 461 ; 432; refuses concessions
to Arians, 460; and the attack on Chry.
sostom, 461, 491, 493; 464, 467, 470 sq. ;
and the trade guilds, 551; land law under,
561 ; 564
Arctic Sea, 324
Ardaburius, general, father of Aspar, sent
against the Persians, 464 ; wins Western
Empire for Valentinian III, 465
Ardaburius, son of Aspar, magister militum,
fights Arab raiders, 468 ; commands in
Thrace, 470; death, 471
Ardalio, River, 263
Ardaric, King of the Gepidae, his fidelity
to Attila, 361
Ardaschir, King of Persia, death of, 238
Ardennes, Teutonic hordes reach the, 188
Areani, border militia, 223
Areobindus, magister militum per Orientem,
and the Persian War, 482; proclaimed
emperor, 485
Arevagni, daughter of Theodoric, marries
Alaric II, 451
Argaeus, Mt, 63
Argaith, Gothic leader, 203
.


## p. 704 (#734) ############################################

704
Index
Argentaria (probably Horburg near Colmar),
battle of, 210, 234, 252 sq.
Argentoratum. See Strassburg
Argolicus, official under Theodoric, 448
Argolis, the barbarians in, 205
Argos, Goths in, 261, 457
Ariadne, daughter of Leo I, marries Zeno,
470; arranges for accession of Zeno, 472;
flees to Isauria, 473; 476 ; intercedes for
Verina, 477 ; makes Anastasius emperor,
479; marries Anastasius, ib. ; dishonour
shewn to statue of, 484; death, 486
Arianism, struggle of, for supremacy, Ch. v
passim, 159 sqq.