No More Learning

e. Hugh Roe, was seized with
the Mac Carthys Carberry, the adherents Florence Mac Carthy, and some the O’Mahonys and O’Donovans Carberry;
but the Irish Munster made only feeble efforts, being broken down after Carew had taken the earl of Desmond and Florence
Mac Carthy, and sent them prisoners the Tower London. The
lord deputy Mountjoy was Kilkenny when the Spaniards
landed, on which proceeded Clonmel, and thence Cork,
concert measures with sir George Carew, president Munster, and &c. The English actively continued the siege during the month collect the English forces. On the 29th September, Mountjoy, November, the Spaniards making several sallies them, and accompanied Carew, with troop horse, went view Kin severe skirmishes took place, which great numbers were slain sale, and the Spanish fleet, and fix place for their camp. both sides; the English artillery for long time battered the About the 10th October the English had collected all their fortress Castle-ni-park, and the walls Kinsale, having about forces Munster Cork, under Mountjoy, Carew, sir Benjamin 20 pieces artillery, but the Spaniards defended the town with
Mountjoy came with his forces from Cork, within five miles Kinsale, place called Owney Buoy, and the 17th the army
men, horse and foot, under his own command, asisted sir Char les Wilmot and sir Christopher St. Lawrence. About the middle November these forces advanced Ardmaile, near Cashel,
advanced and encamped within half-a-mile the town, under the
hill Knock-Robin, and commenced the siege, but afterwards re attack O’Donnell, who was that time encamped near Holycross.
moved their camp hill called the Spittle, north the town.
The Spaniards were fortified Kinsale, and also put garrisons
two forts castles the entrance of the harbour, that on the
right being called Rincorran, and the one the left Castle-ni defiles, the Abbey Owney, Abington, through O'Ryan's park. The forces Mountjoy, amounting this time about country, and sharp frost having set the time, crossed the
7,000 men, commanded various colonels, sir Richard Wing field, sir John Barkley, sir William Godolphin, sir Arthur Savage,
sir Oliver St. John, sir Richard Percy, lord Audley, &c. , with cap tains Blaney, Bodley, Taaffe, &c. , incessantly continued the siege against the Spaniards, who very valiantly made four five sallies
sorties the English, which great numbers were slain on both sides. The artillery the English, cannons and culverins, constantly battered the castle Rincorran, which length sur rendered, the 1st November, and about 86 the Spaniards, with multitude Irish churls, says Morrison, and many women and children, were made prisoners, but all the swordsmen escaped
Slieve Felim mountains, the borders Tipperary and Limerick, towards the Shannon, and did not halt until arrived Croom.
The boggy mountains would have been impassable, were not for the frost that fortunately set in, and O'Donnell, with his hardy soldiers, performed this astonishing march 32 Irish miles, more than 40 English miles, twenty-four hours, which, Carew says, “was the greatest march with carriage that hath beenheard of. ” Carew advanced rapidly pursuit the Irish Abington, but he there learned that O'Donnell was Croom, which Ca rew proceeded Kilmallock, but says his labour was lost, and then returned Kinsale. O'Donnell next marched into Kerry,
the town. The English forces Kinsale, the 27th Octo and thence the county Cork, and December joined the
ber, 1601, according Morrison, amounted 6,900 foot, and 611 horse, making 7,511 men. On the 10th November Donogh O'Brien, earl Thomond, came from England with ships, and 1,000 men, but the Annals say had 4,000, which included other forces that came the same time, for, the 11th, 2,000 foot and 100 horse, under sir Anthony Cook, landed Waterford, accord ing Cox and Morrison, and the 12th admirals Levison and Preston arrived Cork with ships war, from England, and
Spaniards Castlehaven.
The siege Kinsale was still carried incessantly, and Castle
ni-park was taken the 20th November; the Spaniards, usual, made several sallies, and many were slain both sides. On the 28th the English sent Trumpet summon the town sur render, but was not suffered enter, and got his answer the gate, the Spaniards saying that they held the town, first for Christ, and next for the king Spain, and would defend against all
2,000 men. The fleets under these admirals, and the earl Tho enemies. The English the 30th, having made breach the
mond, brought artillery, arms, ammunition, provisions, and other
supplies. The forces the earl Thomond came Castlehaven, and thence Kinsale, and those Levison, Preston, and Cook,
walls, resolved the 1st December, says Morrison, “to give the Spaniard Bravado,” and for this purpose 2,000 foot were se lected, under their chief commanders, and having advanced, had severe skirmish with the Spaniards, who were lodged the trenches outside, near the walls. this conflict one the Spa nish captains, named Don Pedro Morijon, displayed amazing bra very, and having walked across the breach animating his men, sword hand, sir Richard Wingfield caused many great and small shot fired him, and offered reward £20 whoever should hit him, but though many balls beat the dirt and stones
were brought from Cork and Waterford Kinsale, all act
against the Spaniards. According Morrison, the army Kin
sale, on the 20th November, amounted 11,800 foot, and 857
horse, thus making all 12,657 men, and O'Conor says, his
Military Memoirs, the English had 15,000 men Kinsale. —Mor
rison, vol. pp. 344, 362, 364, and vol. pp. The foot
forces, under Mountjoy and Carew, were distributed into regi
ments, and commanded by colonels. Mountjoy had 1,400 men, his face and about his ears, yet constantly stood his ground,
commanded his lieutenant sir Benjamin Berry, and Carew had 1,100 men; Richard Burke, earl Clanrickard, had 1000; the earl Thomond, 1,000; sir Charles Wilmot, 1,000; shrOliver St.
without receiving any hurt, the end the engagement, which
continued hour, and the English then withdrew their forces, after great numbers had been killed and wounded each side.
O'Neill, although it was with reluctance he ad vised him to was depart from Ireland, and
John, 1,050; sir Christopher St. Lawrence, 1,050; sir Richard
Morrison, 1,100; sir Richard Percy, 950, and lord Audley 900.
The cavalry was commanded the marshal sir Richard Wingfield,
sir John Barkeley, sir Oliver Lambert, sir Garrett Moore, the earl Kildare, sir Edward Herbert, sir Henry Poer, sir William Go
dolphin, sir William Fortescue, sir Theobald Dillon, sir Thomas Burke, and captains Bodley, Bostock, Esmond, Rotheram, Roe,
Berry, &c. , and the forces the Pale, Leinster and Meath, un
der the marshal sir Richard Wingfield, with those from Athlone
and the frontiers Connaught, under sir John Barkley, serjeant
major the army, and those from Armagh, and other garrisons
the North, under sir Henry Danvers. On the 16th October was sent intercept him Tipperary, with force about 5000
great valour, though they had only three four cannons, the rest their guns being board the ships driven storm Corunna.
the mean time O'Donnell, having set out his march Munster, about the beginning November, the president Carew
O'Donnell, haste relieve the Spaniards, did not wait en counter Carew's forces, and having caused fires lighted his camp deceive the enemy, marched onward before day the
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698 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1602. –-s— –
go to Spain to king Philip III. , to request more person relieve him, and likewise the most dis forces and succours from him, for he was of opi posed aid those who fought behalf the
nion that the king of Spain was the most likely
The English having resolved to erect an earthen fort or rath on the west side of the town, in which they would lodge foot forces to second their artillery, captain Bodly, the Trench-master, captain Blaney, marshal Wingfield, and Mountjoy himself, having en
trenched their forces on the hill, began to cast up the fort during
the night, while the Spaniards, from their trenches, fired hotly
during the night on the men, guarding the pioneers, and on the
following day, the 2nd of December, the Spaniards poured in their
small shot; but the English finished the fort, after many had been
killed and wounded on both sides. On the night of the 3rd the
trenches where the cannon was planted, on the east side of the
town, were manned with Mountjoy's guards, under captain Blount,
with the companies of sir Thomas Burke, sir Benjamin Berry, and
captains Rotheran and Harvey; and the fort newly erected on
the west side, near the town, between the two camps, in one of
which, called the great camp, Mountjoy and the earl of Clanrick
ard were lodged, and the earl of Thomond in the other, was man
ned by the forces under captains Flower, Spencer, Dillon, Clare,
Boise, Masterson, &c. , with those of sir Arthur Savage, sir John the fire, and roar artillery, alternating with flashes lightning,
Bearehaven. The English admiral, sir Richard Levison, was sent the Pacata, were 6000 foot and 500 horse, with about 300 the with six ships from Kinsale to attack the Spaniards at Castlehaven, Spaniards from Castlehaven under Don Alonzo del Campo, and where he arrived on the morning of the 6th of December, and had O'Sullivan Beare. The English forces Kinsale before stated,
a sharp action with the Spanish ships, and the forces in the castle. Morrison, as usual, claims the victory for the English ; but it ap
appears they had the worst of and Levison returned Kinsale the next day; this engagement continued part two days, and the English lost about 300 men, though Mac Geoghegan says 575
the English forces were slain. Scottish ship commanded by one David High, Leith, was engaged by the Spaniards Co
runna, but was separated by storm from those which arrived Castlehaven, and came Kinsale; the Scotch captain, instead conveying the Spaniards their own countrymen, betrayed and delivered them into the hands the English. This ship contained 25 ton bread, and butts wine, and there were about 85 Spaniards board, who were sent prisoners England. The siege Kinsale was still actively continued, and Morrison men tions curious incident which occurred this time, that Don Juan Aquila sent challenge lord Mountjoy, that the ques tion between England and Spain should decided between then
according Morrison, amounted 12,600 men, the latter end November; but making allowance for those killed and wounded
since that time, the siege, who died disease, they had least 10,000 men the battle Kinsale, though Morrison, with his usual veracity, make them only 6,600, and says that only about 2000 them were engaged this battle, which statement most glaring falsehood. The Irish army was encamped the 21st, north Kinsale, about mile from the English camp.
O'Neill and O'Donnell were advised Aquila make attack night the English camp, and that and his Spaniards
would sally out from Kinsale, and assault them simultaneously the other side. appears O'Neill was averse this plan, and gave his advice not come engagement, but hem the English, and cut off their supplies, and thus reduce them, famine and disease, which had already set amongst them but O'Donnell was contrary opinion, and considered himself bound
honor ineet the wishes the Spaniards, and was resolved
Roman Catholic religion, and moreover, ac
single combat, but the offer Mountjoy, who absurdly the Romanists were forbidden
the valiant Spaniard was declin alleged, one his reasons, that
the council Trent from fight ing single combat, and that Don Juan had therefore right
challenge him. Mountjoy appears have had great taste for single combats, and and Carew were far more expert attempts
get their opponents betrayed when Mountjoy offered reward head O'Neill; and Carew,
assassinated, as, for instance, one thousand pounds for the
large bribes, got the earl Desmond and Florence Mac Carthy betrayed into his hands.
About the 7th December, O'Donnell's forces joined the Spaniards Castlehaven, and news arrived the 8th, says Morrison, that
O'Neill was advancing towards Kinsale, which the English more strongly fortified their camp. The siege was constantly continued during the month December, amidst violent storms
wind and rain; and many nights there was terrific thunder and lightning, thing very unusual that season, the horrors the scene being thus heightened the awful fury the elements,
Dowdall, sir William Warren, sir William Fortescue, sir Richard Morrison, sir Francis Rush, sir Oliver St. John, and some of the earl of Thoinond's troops; and the cavalry was commanded by sir William Godolphin and the earl of Clanrickard. On that might, which was dark and rainy, the Spaniards, to the number of 2000, made a powerful sally, directed chiefly against the platform and battery, where the English artillery was planted on the east side, and made determined efforts to force the place, and demolish the gabions and trenches, being armed with all sorts of tools and weapons, and with spikes and hammers, to cloy the cannon. After a severe contest, the Spaniards took the fort on the west side, but it was retaken by the English. There were about 5000 men engaged on both sides in this conflict, which continued for a long time, with great fury, and the Spaniards displayed the most undaunted bravery ; according to Morrison 200 of the Spaniards were slain, and the same number wounded, and there were at least as many killed and wounded on the side of the English, with some officers mentioned by Morrison.
On the 3rd of December, the six ships which had been driven to Corunna by storm, and were under the command of the admiral Don Pedro, arrived at Castlehaven, about 20 iniles from Kinsale, with a force of 700 men, or 1000, according to some accounts, with arms, artillery, &c. ; the fleet was cominanded by admiral Siriago, and the forces by Don Alonzo del Campo, some of these forces took possession of the fortress of Castlehaven, which belonged to Donogh O'Driscoll, chief of that district, and they were joined by five brothers of the O'Driscolls. Fineeen O'Driscoll gave a party of the Spaniards his castle of Baltimore, and Donal O'Sullivan Beare gave another party of them his strong castle of Dunboy, at
and loud thunder. The Spaniards, usual, made several sallies during this period, with great bravery, and many fell each side.
On the 21st O'Neill shewed himself, with his forces, horse and foot, hill northward, within about mile two Kinsale, near the river Owney Buoy, and place called Belgoley.
Battle Kinsale. —On the news the arrival the Spaniards Kinsale, O'Neill and O'Donnell actively collected their forces come their assistance, those heroic chiefs and their hardy
soldiers undertaking this arduous expedition more than 200 miles Munster, the depth winter, bad roads, and over
bogs, morasses, and mountains. The chiefs under O'Donnell, according the Pacata, and other accounts, were his brother Rory, Felim O’Dogherty, Mac Sweeny Tuath, O'Boyle and
others, Donegal; Brian O'Rourke Leitrim
Donoghs Corran Sligo, and the brother
the two O'Conors Roe, Conor Mac Dermott
O'Beirne Roscommon, O'Kelly, and the two O'Flahertys, Wil liam and Redmond Burke, and Hugh Mostian, from Galway; and
Munster was joined Thomas Fitzmaurice, lord Kerry, the Fitzgeralds, knights Kerry and Glynn, and Dermod Maoi Mac Carthy Carberry, brother Florence. O'Donnell's forces alnounted 2,500 men. The chiefs who came with O'Neill were
the O'Neills and O'Hagans
others, the Mac Donnells
the Mac Canus Armagh;
stantine Maguire Fermanagh, with some the O'Reillys Cavan; captain Richard Tyrrell, John Fitzgerald, brother the earl Desiuond, and Pierce Lacy. O'Neill's forces were about 4000, and the entire the Irish forces, according Morrison and
Tyrone; Randal Mac Sorley and Antrin; the Magennises Down; the Mac Mahons Monaghan Con
the two Mac O'Conor Sligo;
Moylurg, and
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REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 699
count of his alliance with the Irish, from their sions. Having determined that resolution, the having originally come from Spainto invade Ireland, persons selected accompany him that mis as recorded in the book called the Book of Inva sion were, Redmond Burke, the son John; cap
immediately to attack the English. According to the Pacata,
Brian Mac Hugh Oge Mac Mahon, whose son had been a
page with the president Carew in England, some years before,
sent, on the 22nd, a boy to captain William Taafe, requesting
him to procure a bottle of aqua vitae, or usquebaugh, from
Carew, which he sent him for old acquaintance sake. On Leger. The Irish, from some unaccountable cause, never fought
the 23rd Mac Mahon sent the same messenger, thanking Ca
rew for his present, and at the same time sent him a letter advising
him to stand well on his guard the following night, for that he was
present at a council, wherein it was resolved that the English
camp should be assaulted the next night, by the Irish and Spa
niards, therefore Mountjoy and Carew were perfectly prepared for
the expected surprise ; besides, it is stated, that on the 23rd, a
letter was intercepted from De Aquila to O'Neill, advising the
attack. It was determined on to assault the English camp on the
23rd, but it appears there was some misunderstanding between
O'Neill and O'Donnell, as to which should have the honor of lead Fineen O'Driscoll, and the Irish these parts, they are become ing the vanguard; however, it was finally agreed upon that cap
tain Tyrrell should lead the van, O'Neill the centre, and O'Don
nell the rear. It was intended to attack the English early in the
night, but, from the great darkness, the Irish forces missed their
way, and did not come up to the camp 'till near day-break on the
24th. The English forces were commanded by Mountjoy himself,
Carew, the earls of Thomond and Clanrickard, the marshal Wing
field, sir Richard Percy, sir Charles Wilmot, sir Christopher St.
Laurence, sir Richard Greame, sir Benjamin Berry, sir Richard
Morrison, lord Audley, sir Oliver St. John, sir Henry Folliott, sir
John Barkley, Samuel Bagnall, Henry Poer, Henry
Danvers, sir William Godolphin, sir Francis Rush, and captains
Fleming, Taafe, Roper, Roe, and many other officers. The battle
commenced near ford and some boggy ground, and continued
but about hour, when the Irish suddenly gave way, some
their troops having been seized with panic, partly caused ap have easily, any period, annihilated the English power Ire pears, according Morrison, the blowing up gunpowder
bag, and being thus repulsed, they could not again rallied, by
all the efforts O'Neill, O'Donnell, and Tyrrell, who displayed
their usual determined bravery, and retreated good order, and
the English were deterred from the pursuit for fear ambus
cade. On the side the English sir Richard Greame was killed,
and Danvers, Godolphin, and other officers were wounded, but few their men fell, according Morrison; while, says, 1,200
the Irish were slain, and many hundreds wounded; but the Irish were however completely defeated, and appears probable that
about 1000 them, and 200 the English, fell this battle. stated Morrison and Carew that the earl Clanrickard
land and no doubt O'Neill and O’Donnell would have wrested Ireland from the English, had the men the other provinces made such energetic efforts the Ultonians. The battle Kinsale was fought the 24th December, 1601, old style; but, the 3rd
was nearly killed, several shots having passed through his clothes,
and they say, “no man did bloody his sword more than his lord
ship that day, and with his own hand killed about 20 Irish
kerne, and cried out spare rebel;” and Carew says, “he tion. ” After the defeat Kinsale, O'Neill rapidly proceeded
would suffer prisoners taken, but bade them kill the re
bels. ” Some the Irish chiefs taken prisoners offered great ran
soms, but Carew says, when brought the camp, they were all
hanged the Spanish captain Alonzo del Campo was taken pri
soner, but not put death; according Morrison, the following
chiefs were slain on the side O'Neill, namely, Torlogh O'Ha Anglo-Irish; but, according Mac Geoghegan, they were de
gan Kedagh, Donal, Rory, and Colla Mac Donnell Mulmora O'Hagherty; three chiefs the O'Neills, and five the Mac Canns. appears the Spaniards Kinsale, through some mis management, were not engaged this ill-concerted attack, but, on the 25th and 26th, they made some sallies from the town. Morrison, and the Pacata, mentioned singular prophecy
respecting the battle Kinsale; Carew says the earl Thomond often told him, that an old book Irish prophecies which he had seen, was said that, towards the latter days, there would
feated by O'Donnell's cavalry, and 200 them slain.
On the 31st December, Don Juan sent proposals capitulation Mountjoy, and the 2nd January, old style, the 12th
new style, the terms were agreed to, which were very honourable the Spaniards, who were evacuate Kinsale with colours fly ing, and with their arms, ammunition, money, and all other valu able articles, and sent back safe Spain, giving their other garrisons Dunboy, Baltimore, and Castlehaven. Thus
terminated the remarkable seige Kinsale, which had continued battle fought near Kinsale, between the English and Irish, from the 17th October that time, period more than 10 which the former would victorious and Morrison says, that weeks. During the siege, the Spaniards displayed great bravery, the day the battle, old written book was shewn Mount and about 1000 them were slain the many sallies and sorties
wherein was prophecy naming the ford and hill where the made them against the English, and the assaults and attacks
battle was fought, and foretelling the overthrow the Irish that place; this prophecy was also mentioned, that when the three Hughs were conquered Munster, Ireland would lost. These were Hugh O'Neill, earl Tyrone, Red Hugh O'Donnell, and Hugh Maguire, who was killed combat with Warham St.
badly before, and appears there was no proper concert be tween them and the Spaniards Kinsale. Besides,
observed, that the earl Desmond and Florence Mac Carthy, the chief leaders the Munster Irish, were subdued and sent pri
soners the Tower, and O'Brien the English, the Munstermen were gave but feeble support the Irish Irish chiefs had been gained over
Thomond being joined with this time broken down, and the North. Many the
the artful policy Mount joy and Carew, and they used every effort sow discord and dis sension amongst the rest. Carew says, the Pacata, “as for
well divided amongst one another, and are fallen preying and killing each other, such manner, we are opinion will
greatly avail the quieting those parts;” and again says, “and also was thought policy make the Irish draw blood, one upon another, whereby their private quarrels might
advance the public service. ” But this policy was older
date than the time Carew, for the state papers the reign Henry the 8th, the following passage occurs
his lord deputy: “Now, more good than exploit
the beginning, war, till such enfeebled and
letter the king
politic practices may
time the strength
diminished, well
putting division among them, that they join not together. ” Even Leland admits, his history, that had the Irish chiefs acted with unanimity and concert, they could, simultaneous effort,
the Irish enemy shall
getting their captains from them, by
January, according the Annals, which the same date reckoning the new style. The Annalists sorrowfully record the subjugation the Irish, and Taafe, alluding this period, thus pathetically laments their fall; “Melodious lyre Inisfail, strike
mournful notes. The heroes who delighted thy festive strains, and cherished thy muse, are hastening the last act the fatal tragedy, which closes with their utter overthrow, saddened ca lamities unequalled, desolation and ruin. nation patriarchal
its recorded antiquity, its constitution, laws, manners, and customs, the point extermination; or, remnant survive slaughter and famine, 'tis only irretrieveable degrada
through the counties Cork, Limerick, and Tipperary, and thence through the Pale, Meath and Ulster. The Tirconnallians, under Rory O'Donnell, accompanied O'Neill Meath, and then pro ceeded their way North Connaught, through Westmeath, where they were attacked Ballymore, Lough Seudy, the
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700 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1602.
tain Hugh Mostian, the son of Robert; Flaithri,
the son of Fithil O'Maolconry, a worthy Father of the order of St Francis, who was a spiritual friend
his three requests; the first these was, send army with him Ireland, with the necessary
supplies and arms for the expedition, soon of his, and some others of his own faithful friends prepared; the second was, that none the nobles
besides. When that resolution was made known
his blood, the free-born clans, might ap to general, most mournful and melancholy pointed sway power over himself his suc were the clapping hands, the excessive sorrowful cessors, should the king's majesty assume authority
weeping, and the loud lamentations and wailing and power over Ireland; and the third request
which prevailed throughout O’Donnell’s camp
that time; and they had cause for that, had they
known the time, for they did not ever again
behold their leader, and lord their country, ancestors had strength and power before that rule over them prince the island Eire. time Ireland. All these were granted him O'Donnell and his brave companions took shipping the king, and received great respect from
Cuan-an-Chaislein (Castlehaven, Cork), the him, great honour probably none the
vourable breeze wind which came having wafted them over the vast stormy ocean, they entered port
the 14th day the same month, the vicinity Corunna, noble town the kingdom Gallicia, Spain, where lay Tor-Breogain (the Tower
6th day the month January, and the first fa Irish ever received
former times Breogan, the son from thence the sons Milesius
Bratha, and Spain, the son their first
heart and the length
tribulation mind O’Donnell, time that the Irish were unrelieved
him; and considered too
Bile, son Breogan, had come,
invasion Ireland against the Tuatha-Dedanan.
unaided
long that the army which had been promised him was not mustered together, prepared again
When O’Donnell landed Corunna, proceeded
through the town, and went Breogan, and was happy that place, for deemed
see the Tower his having landed
omen great
before the king, learn what retarded delay
the forces which had promised, and when arrived the town called Simancas, two leagues from the king's court Valladolid, God per mitted, and the fate, misfortune, curse, and
malediction attending the island Heremon and the Gadelians fair Banba (Ireland) would have that O'Donnell took disease and his death
sickness, and after being confined seventeen days his bed, he died the end that time, on the 10th day September precisely, house be longing the king Spain, that town Si
mancas, after having mourned his faults and im perfections, after rigid repentance his sins and
transgressions, after making unreserved confes panied Red Hugh O'Donnell, Hugh Mostian, Redmond Burke,
prosperity him wafted the place from which his ancestors had formerly gained strength
and power over Ireland. After having rested him self for short time Corunna, proceeded
where the king was, Castilla (Castile), for was there happened have been that time, the city called Samora (Zamora), where was then
his progress through his kingdom. O'Donnell having appeared before the king, went his knees his presence, and made his submission and obeisance him, was due his majesty, and would not rise until the king granted him
made the English the town. The English lost least 4000 men this siege, about 1000 whom were killed the Spa
niards, and the rest died disease. According Carew and Morrison, the Spaniards, who returned from Ireland, were 2,070,
from Kinsale, and 415 from Baltimore and Castlehaven, which, with those from other places, made all 3025, besides captains and other officers, priests, and great number Irish.
On the 28th December, 6th January, the admiral Don Pedro Siriago, sailed from Castlehaven for Spain, accom
and others, and list great number wards went Spain along with Aquila
On the 9th January, Mountjoy came
Don Juan, and the Spaniards having surrendered Kinsale, Castle haven, Baltimore, Dunboy, &c. , great number them sailed from Kinsale the 20th February, and the remainder them sailed from the same harbour, for Spain, the 16th March, under Don Juan Aquila.
was, that the rights
any time reduced
his ancestors might not diminished, on him
self his successors,
any place where his
the latter times from any having transacted his af. was recommended the king back Corunna, and remain there un things should ready for his return; this
other king. O’Donnell fairs with the king,
accordingly did, and remained there until Breogan), called Brigantia, which had been built the month August following. was anguish
the Irish who after given the Pacata.
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sion to his spiritual friends, after receiving the
body and blood of Christ, and after extreme unc tion, as was meet, at the hands of his own spiritual advisers, and his own learned divines, Father Flai thri O'Maolconry, O’Donnell’s confessor and spi ritual adviser, and who was afterwards archbishop of Tuam, and Father Maurice Ulltach (O’Dunlevy) the son of Donogh, a poor friar of the order of St. Francis, from the conventual monastery of Done gal, and who was of O'Donnell’s household. His corpse was conveyed, in a covered burial carriage, to the king's court at Valladolid, surrounded by immense numbers of the state officers, counsellors, and the king's guards, with luminous lamps, and beautifully brilliant torches of wax, lighted on each side of him ; he was afterwards buried at the mo
punished, but quickly took satisfaction, and was avenged; determined, fierce, and bold invader districts; warlike, predatory, and desolating des poiler distant territories; persevering, indomi table, and stern destroyer, who subdued both the English and Irish who opposed him; one who did not neglect, during life, perform every duty be coming prince; sweet-sounding trumpet; man superior understanding, eloquence, wisdom and counsel, and agreeable countenance, that captivated every one who beheld him
nastery Francis, exactly of St.
in the
chancel,
with
REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 701
promised fulfiller
foretold verse and particularly
prophecy, who had been truly prophets, long before his birth, the holy Saint Columkille, the
son
Felim, who said follows: “A man of exalted fame shall come
Who will cause mournful weeping every country; He will the pious chief,
great honours and solemnity, and more magnifi
cence than ever any of the Irish had been interred
before. Masses, and many hymns, chaunts, and
melodious canticles, were celebrated and sung for the good of his soul, and prayers, as meet, were of
And shall rule prince for ten years. ”
Mournful was the condition the men Ireland, after the death O’Donnell, for their energy and spirit were broken down; they exchanged their courage for cowardice, their magnanimity for weak
fered up to God for him. Alas! mournful to many ness mind, and their pride for servility; their was the untimely loss of him who departed, for he success, bravery, valour, chivalry, triumph, and was the chief head of the conference, council, and battle-sway forsook them after his death; they consultation of the most of the men of Ireland, ei gave hopes relief, that the greater part ther in peace or war; he was a powerful and boun them were obliged seek refuge amongst ene teous lord, with the authority of a prince to main mies and strangers, while others them were tain the laws; a lion in strength and might, of scattered and dispersed, not only throughout Ire determination and command in word and action, land, but through foreign countries general,
so that truly he durst not be disobeyed, for what poor, indigent, wretched wanderers, and other par ever he ordered to be done, should be promptly ties them sold their military services foreign
executed, according as he directed it by his word; ers, that immense numbers the free-born a dove in meekness and mildness to the religious noble sons of the men of Ireland were slain and orders, clergy, and learned men, and to every one destroyed various, distant, foreign countries; not opposed to him, and who rendered him obe and strange places, and unhereditary grave-yards dience; a man who spread the fear and terror of became their burial grounds, consequence the
his name amongst persons far and near, and death that one man who departed from them. whom man could terrify lord who was the But short would too tedious, and impossi
expeller insurgents, and destroyer malefac tors; who exalted the sons life, and executed the sons death; man who did not suffer any injury, injustice, insult offered him pass un
Death O'Donnell. —Ample accounts the renowned Red Hugh O’Donnell have been given the course these Annals, and the Pacata Hibernia, some particulars are given his
arrival and reception Spain. An interesting Life O'Donnell will be found the Antiquarian Researches the learned sir Wil liam Betham. The day after O'Donnell's arrival Corunna, on the 15th of January, was nobly received by the count Caracena, governor Gallicia, who invited him lodge his own mansion,
ble enumerate relate the great evils that
sprung and became permanently established the
Island Eire, through the death Red Hugh O'Donnell that time. "
where remained till the 27th, when departed, accompanied the count and many captains, and, according the Pacata, “Ca racena evermore gave O’Donnell the right hand, which within his
government would not have done the greatest duke Spain”; and his departure presented O'Donnell with one thousand du cats; lay that night Santa Lucia, and Caracena returned. The next day O'Donnell proceeded the city Compostella, where was received with magnificence the prelates, citizens, and clergy,
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02 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1602.
The Irish having dispersed, after the battle of their proposals were agreed After the condi
Kinsale, as we have before stated, the lord justice, the president (of Munster), the earl of Thomond, and the earl of Clanrickard, with the commanders
tions were ratified, and confirmed by both parties, Don John came the lord justice, and was ho nourably received by the lord justice, and the nobles who were along with him; the lord justice, the president, and Don John, proceeded Cork,
of the English forces in general, put on the reso
lution of attacking Kinsale, to take it by entering
the gates and battered breaches which were made and all returned to their homes afterwards. As the
by the foreign immense great ordnance which they had with them, for shooting and firing on the town,
from the first day they encamped before it till that day. When Don John heard of that affair, and learned that the Irish, to whom he had come, and from whom he expected relief, had dispersed and
left him in the confined place and close prison in
which he was, and that it was not in his power to
return back to his friends, or to go forward against
his enemies, on account of their immense and vast
numbers, and the excellence of their defence, and
watching by day and night, the resolution he came
to was, to send a messenger to the lord justice, the
president, the earl of Clanrickard, the earl of Tho
mond, and the commanders of the army, to inform
them that he would surrender to the lord justice,
and those lords, on conditions that his people should be allowed to remain in the town till the festival
earl Thomond, came his country, after having been long time absent from England, and the camp Kinsale, and was not long
rest after arriving his estate, when attack the gentlemen who were spoiling and plunder
ing his country, since the time they heard that Don John had come Ireland till that hour, and those were Torlogh, the son Mahon, son Torlogh, son Mahon O’Brien, and Conor, the son Do mal, son Mahon, son Bryan O’Brien; these
were obliged deliver up the castles Derry
owen and Baile-an-Chaislein (in Clare), which were
their possession, and which some the wan derers and helpless people the country were the habit coming, upright people, who were not disposed plunder the country by means them promise protection, and fortnight's respite, was obtained for them from the earl, take leave their friends, and quit the country, condition that they would not return back again without the permission the lord justice, and
of St. Patrick following, with permission for his men
to go in and come out along with the queen’s peo
ple indiscriminately, and likewise to be allowed to
receive their money, their supplies, and everything the council. As these gentlemen, before the they required, should relief or aid come to them period their protection expired, they prepared from the king of Spain during that time; that the leave the country, and they proceeded through lord justice should be bound to let Don John at Clan-Cuilein, until they arrived Killaloe, from large among his people; that the lord justice and whence they crossed the Shannon into Ara (in these lords should have him conveyed back to Tipperary), and they resolved stay that nightin Spain, and that Don John would send back safe the district Ara. When the sons Torlogh to Ireland the ships which were to convey him. Carrach, son Torlogh, son Murtogh, son The terms of the dispatch were well received by Donal, son Teige O'Brien, namely, Donogh and the lord justice, and the nobles in general, and Donal, who were acting behalf the queen,
and having visited the Archbishop, prayed him lodge his own palace, which O'Donnell respectfully declined, and the 29th, the Archbishop celebrated mass, with pontifical solemnity, and administered the sacrament O'Donnell and he feasted him dinner his palace, with great magnificence, and his departure presented him, Caracena had done, with one thousand ducats. The king (Philip III), having heard O'Donnell's arri val, wrote Caracena concerning his reception, and the affairs Ireland; and, says the Pacata, “which was one the most gracious letters ever king directed, and stated that he would en danger his kingdom succour the Catholics Ireland their content, for the perfecting whereof great preparations were hand. ” O’Donnell, accompanied Father Florence Conry, after wards Archbishop Tuam, Redmond Burke, Hugh Mostian, and
nine other Irish gentlemen, proceeded the city Zamora, where the king then was, and they were all most graciously re
ceived his majesty, who promised the Irish nation every possi ble aid. O’Donnell then returned Corunna, and this heroic chieftain was every where received with the highest honours,
the land his Milesian ancestors. During the Spring and Sum mer, made energetic efforts hasten the forces for Ireland, and for this purpose resolved again visit the king, but when he reached Simancas, about two leagues from the city Walladolid, where the court was then held, he was seized with fever, some severe disease, which he died the 10th September, 1602,
the 29th year his age, and thus terminated the career that heroic chief, whose loss was irreparable his country.
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son of Mahon, and Tiege Ulltach, son of Mahon O’Brien, together with those who happened to be along with them; after being taken prisoners, they were brought back bound in fetters to the earl at Killaloe, and they were hanged in couples, face to face, on the nearest trees to them. After the earl dispersed and put to death those gentlemen and insurgents, he went to Limerick and from thence to Cork, to the lord justice, and the lord justice commanded the earl to march to Beare, with three thousand soldiers along with him, to see if he could
get an opportunity of attacking O'Sullivan Beare,
and the gentlemen who were along with him, name party the Mac Carthys, captain Tyrrell,
Charles Wilmott, and such were aiding the sovereign,
the lords Munster
marched against happened that Teige
REIGN OF ELIZABETH.
703
Oilen-Faoit Bantry), against
heard that they had so arrived in the country, while no longer protected by the earl’s promise, and not
having the word of the sovereign, or of any other
person, they attacked them in every place they
were, and took them prisoners, except Torlogh, the
son of Mahon O’Brien, who had gone, after taking
his dinner, to the dense intricate woods, and the
rugged-topped hills, to protect himself against his
enemies. The chiefs taken there were Conor, son
of Donal, son of Mahon O’Brien, Bryan Ballach, earl Thomond, the governor Kerry, i. e. sir
earl left garrison (Whiddy-Island, O'Sullivan, and
join the lord justice. Teige Caoch, son
soldiers the bay
himself returned Cork
Torlogh, son Bryan, son Donogh Mac Mahon, was accidentally killed
with the shot ball the month May
the following manner.
his own son, Beare, this year, which happened
The president (Carew), the
Beare and O’Sullivan.
Caoch seized merchant-ship sea before that
time, and O’Sullivan asked Teige for the use that ship, send Spain, request relief from the king Spain, before the queen's army should come attack him; Teige told him would not give him the ship, had means
defending protecting himself but the ship, and having said, sent his own son, and some
Fitzmaurice Kerry, O'Conor (Kerry), and the
knight the Glynn. The earl did not neglect son Torlogh and the guards fire O’Sullivan that command, but proceeded onward, without and his people, which they accordingly did, and, stopping halting, until
tery Bantry, the estate
O'Sullivan, and the sons
earl against O’Sullivan, for O'Sullivan had taken
arrived the monas the sons Owen Owen were aiding the
above the firing which took place between them, Torlogh hit Teige with the shot ball the up per part his breast, and died the eighth
day after that. That Teige was lord western Dunboy and Beare from their father the deci Corcabaiscin (barony Moyarta, Clare), until sion the council both here and beyond (in Ireland was deposed and expelled from his patrimony
and England), and was asserting that the rents the earl Thomond, three years before that Bantry were his right. The place where time, when he was killed, we have stated. There
O’Sullivan and his forces were then was, Ceim an-Ghabhair, between the army that side, and
the entrance Beare; that place was common
way enter the country, and was intricate and
narrow for the great army the queen pass person whom was killed would his right
through, even was there cutting woods earthen trenches, people, ordnance, force
planted there oppose them, was the case that time, defend the pass against them. The earl remained nearly week the monastery Bantry, while negociations were carried between himself and O’Sullivan, and they did not meet each other, and that was not easy for the earl the army assault attack that narrow pass, the
ful heir to succeed him.
As the earl Thomond, after had gone Cork the lord justice, the resolution that the lord justice came was, that the earl should return back again with forces the island which had left the garrison before that, viz. , the Island Whiddy, and sent fleet with ordnance round
sea, which arrived the vicinity Dun-Baoi (Dunboy), and having entered port, they took
other guards along with him O'Sullivan went into boat force, and Teige happened
defend the ship. seize the ship
along with him the boat that time; Teige called out his
was not barony Ireland but that Teige would
lord full worthy bounty, purchasing chandize, and had
wine, estate
manual action, horses, and mer inheritance, the
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704 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1602.
island called Baoi-Bheire the (island of Beare), trench, order fire on the castle with the ord and they slew the guards of along with their nance, and having continued firing for con captain, Richard, the son Rossa, son Connla siderable time, they demolished and razed the Mac Geoghegan, which happened follows. The castle the ground, and slew the guards, and crews the fleet, having landed their arms and such them had not been slain were hanged ordnance Dunboy, took by constructing couples by the earl Thomond. ”
well-fortified defensive ditch, and very strong After that castle had been taken from O’Sullivan,
Siege Dunboy. —A full account this remarkable siege faithful commander, and Carew says, “all the eloquence and arti given the Pacata Hibernia, and Mac Geoghegan the fice which the earl could use availed nothing. ” The fleet from
Pacata plates are given, representing the siege and the strong castle Dunboy, which was situated Bearehaven, the county Cork, and was the principal fortress the O'Sullivans, lords
Cork had arrived some time before co-operate with Carew, and having brought large supplies artillery, ammunition, and provi sions, the siege was commenced with great vigour. The English
Beare. The celebrated chief Donal O'Sullivan Beare, having de were posted the great and little island, and on the main land
livered his castle Dunboy the Spaniards, under Don Juan Aquila, with whom entered into alliance, was highly indig nant when he learned that Don Juan, the capitulation Kinsale, had agreed surrender the English. O'Sullivan was lodged
the castle, along with his Spanish friends, and having resolved recover the castle from them, put his plan into execution about
the 20th February, and the dead night, when the Spaniards were soundly sleeping, he had hole broke the wall, through which 80 his men entered, whom he had ready outside. the morning the Spanish captain, Don Francesco Savedra, finding himself surprised, had remedy but submit, particularly
near the castle, which they commenced batter with pieces artillery, some which were brass guns called Falcons. On their landing near Dunboy, they were attacked by the Irish with great bravery, and many were slain both sides. Captain Tyrrell, says Carew, “was shot the body, but not deep enough; two prisoners were taken and presently hanged, one whom was ser vant James Archer, the infamous Jesuit, and the Jesuit him self had not been light-footed priest, he had fallen into our hands. ”
At this time Spanish ship landed the haven Kilmaki'lock, near Ardea, bringing some munitions war and money O'Sulli van this vessel were several Irish, and, amongst others, Owen Mac Egan, who was appointed by the Pope bishop Ross, and vicar apostolic, and, according Mac Geoghegan, he brought with him £12000 for the assistance of the Irish. On the 7th
was informed Father Archer,
friends, that O'Sullivan had force
under his friends Fitzmaurice, lord
captain Richard Tyrrell, and William Burke. The Spaniards at June Carew posted his forces neck land, within mile
tempted some resistance, and shot two three the Irish, but they were all disarmed O'Sullivan's men, and kept the cap tain, with few their best men and gunners, and sent the rest
Baltimore, embarked for Spain. O'Sullivan seized all the ordnance, arms, ammunition and provisions, and made every pre paration fortify his castle against the English wrote letters, wbich are given the Pacata, the king Spain, the count Caracena, &c. , justifying his conduct, and saying held the cas tle for the king Spain, and one his letters he says, “his ancestors had maintained the credit and calling great gentlemen for 2,600 years, since their first coming out Spain. ” On the 9th March, the president Carew sent the earl Thomond with 2,500 men, into Carberry and Beare, “to view what manner the castle Dunboy was fortified, the incredible strength whereof much was noised. ” The earl marched with his forces the abbey
Dunboy, arm the sea passing between the castle and the camp, and battered the castle with all his cannon. On the 13th captain Tyrrell made bold attack the English camp about midnight, and poured much shot through their tents; the artillery continued incessantly batter the castle till the 17th, when breach was effected, and an assault made, but the besieged sallied out the English from the castle the sea side, and many were slain both sides. Mac Geoghegan the commander, being mor tally wounded, Thomas Taylor, relative Tyrrell, was chosen
command, and he and his men retired into the vaults the castle, where there were barrels gunpowder, and Taylor, hav ing seized lighted torch his hand, threatened set the pow der fire, and blow up the castle, unless they had promise life, which was refused Carew; but his soldiers, for their own safety, compelled him surrender. Captain Power, and other officers, having entered the vault, they found Mac Geoghegan lying there mortally wounded, but he, perceiving Taylor and the rest ready surrender, he raised himself from the ground, and snatching lighted candle, staggered forward barrel pow
Bantry, but Tyrrell and his men, being posted the mountains
Jesuit, one O'Sullivan's 1000 men near the castle,
Kerry, Donal Mac Carthy,
Beare, feared, says Carew, “that could not advance fur
ther without apparent danger. ” The heroic Tyrrell, man
peerless valour, fought almost all the battles during this war,
alliance with O’Neill, and was one the most formidable com der which was uncovered, and, with desperate resolution, attempted manders the English had encountered. The earl of Thomond re set fire, and thus blow up the English the castle, well turned Cork, but, according Mac Geoghegan, left large his own friends but was seized captain Power, and force Whiddy Island, under sir John Dowdall, lord Barry, cap some the English soldiers rushed forward and killed him. tain Flower, and other officers, but they were expelled from the Taylor and the rest were then brought prisoners the camp, and island some time afterwards by O'Sullivan.
Carew himself, the same day, says Carew, 58 them were hanged the market
having resolved besiege Dunboy, marched from Cork the 23rd April, with 3000 men, accompanied by the earl Tho
place; according Carew, the entire garrison consisted only 143 select men, whom none escaped, being all slain, executed, buried the ruins, and, he says, “so obstinate and resolved
mond, and they were afterwards joined by the forces Charles Wilmot from Kerry. The English advanced Bantry,
sir
defence hath not been seen within this kingdom. ” The siege Dunboy lasted days, from the 1st the 18th June, and the gain his points bribery instead fighting, had letter pri small garrison defended themselves, says Mac Geoghegan, with
May, and the crafty Carew with his usual policy, preferring
vately conveyed (by Owen O'Sullivan, chief who was opposed O'Sullivan Beare), the Spaniards Dunboy, persuading them abandon O'Sullivan, but they honourably refused his offers. On the 31st May, the English forces were landed Beare island, and, by the contrivance Carew, an interview took place
Spartan bravery, against army more than 3000 men, with
June, Carew blew up the castle Dunboy with gunpowder, and the island between the earl Thomond, and captain Richard the outworks and fortifications were utterly destroyed. Captain Mac Geoghegan, chief Westmeath, who, from his distinguished Taylor, who was made prisoner, was brought Cork Carew,
valour, was appointed O'Sullivan constable his castle and soon after hung chains, near the north gate the city, 1)unboy. The earl Thomond, Carew's instructions, en charge having beenone the persons who, many years before, deavoured induce Mac Geoghegan betray the castle into the had killed captain George Bingham Sligo, and Dominick Col hands the English; but all their offers were scorned that lins, friar who was taken prisoner Dunboy, was hanged
powerful artillery, and
600 men. Carew's forces
gan, massacred the inhabitants Dorsey Island, and the 22nd
says the English lost, during the siege, this time, according Mac Geoghe
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REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 705
he went, with his cows and cattle flocks, with his killed their horses for the purpose eating, and people and moveable property, behind the rugged carrying with them their flesh, and putting their
topped hills, into the recesses and fastnesses of his country; the earl (of Thomond), with his forces,
hides frames formed slender, tough long osiers, make Curachs them convey them across the Shannon's blue stream, Ath-Coilleadh Ruadh, and they crossed over without hazard danger, and they landed the opposite side,
and O’Sullivan and his party, continued shooting
and fighting against each other ’till the Christmas
times, and the two forces rested and encamped
opposite each other in the Gleann-Garbh (i. e. the Siol-Anmcha (barony Longford, Galway); rough, or rugged glen, now Glengariff), and that they proceeded from thence, and, the eleventh glen was O'Sullivan's principal stronghold. His night, they reached Aughrim Hy-Maine; when people began to separate from O’Sullivan private
ly, without his permission; in the first place cap
tain Tyrrell parted from him, and he himself was
obliged to depart, unperceived and unnoticed by overtook them on that occasion, were the son
the earl, on the Christmas holidays; their first the earl Clamrickard, namely, Thomas, the son night’s journey from Glengariff was to Baile Ulick, son Rickard Saxanach; Mac Coghlan, Muirne (Ballyvourney, in the barony of West John Oge, son John, son Art; O'Mad Muskerry, in Cork); the second night to the bor den, namely, Donal, son John, son Breasal, ders of the teritories of O’Keeffe and Mac Auliff and his son Anmcha, and active parties the
the barony Duhallow); the third night they O’Kellys, and many others who are not recorded, arrived Ard-Padraig (Ardpatrick, the barony with all their forces with them. O'Sullivan,
Coshlea, county Limerick); the fourth night O'Conor Kerry, and William Burke, the son Sulchoid (between Limerick and Cashel); they Shane-na-Seamar, with their small party, for they
they arrived there, the clans and parties their vicinity collected before and after them, and raised cry sides them. Of the nobles who
were the fifth and sixth mights Bel-na-Coilleadh;
the seventh night Leatharach (Latteragh,
Ikerrin, Tipperary); the eighth night Baile
Achaidh-Chaoin (probably Burrisokane, Us
keane, Lower Ormond); was not day who were harassing and pursuing them. O'Sul night during that space without encountering des livan made onset, with rage and anger, with perate conflicts and severe pursuits, which were fury and vehemence, towards the place where the valiantly and promptly resisted him. Having English were, for against them was excited his arrived the ninth night the wood called Coill entire vengeance, and animosity, and did not Fhinne (the forest Brosnach, according Mac stop until gained the place where beheld
Geoghegan), they remained for two nights that place; Donogh, the son Carbry Mac Egan, was their vicinity, and was boldly attacking and
shooting O’Sullivan and his people, that length was obliged slain, would not
cease the request O'Sullivan. When they could not get skiffs, any other boats, ready, they
their commander, and fiercely and quickly cut off the head the noble Englishman, namely, the
son captain Malby; that collected force was afterwards defeated, and great number them were slain, and doubtful the like number
sorce, fatigued after long march, and encom passed their enemies they were, performed
Youghai, his native town. At this time, according Mac Geogh
egan, the Spanish army, which was collected the exertions
of Red Hugh O'Donnell, assembled Corunna, and amounted
14,000 men; but the expedition Ireland was countermanded
when the news had arrived the fall Dunboy, which was the
last fortress held by the Irish Munster, and the Spaniards alto
gether gave the expedition Ireland after the death O'Don Hiberniae Compendium,” published Lisbon, 1621. Don Phi
nell. O'Sullivan Beare was along with his friend Tyrrell when the castle Dunboy was taken, and he afterwards went the North, join O'Rourke, recorded the Annals. This Donal O'Sullivan was the last prince Beare, and his ancestors, for
O’Sullivan was sea captain, the service king Philip, and those O'Sullivans, and some their descendants the Spanish service, were styled Counts Bearhaven.
did not remain
amount three hundred, were obliged Aughrim Hy Maine, engage and
fight,
their true valour was tried against many hundreds
that they gave them pitched battle, and
many ages, ruled over the territory which forms the baronies Bear and Bantry, the county Cork, and another branch the same family were lords Dunkerrin, Kerry. Donal O'Sul livan Beare, after the subjugation Ireland, retired Spain, where died, and his son, Don Philip O'Sullivan Beare, wrote the celebrated work Irish history entitled “Historiae Catholicae
4 x
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706 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1602.
such an exploit as they achieved on that day, in act valiantly defence their patrimonies against defence of their lives and renown. They proceeded the English, until should return them with from thence, after encountering great dangers, forces relieve them, and remain the camp betrayals, and way-layings, along the roads, until which they were, for their loss was small, al they arrived in Ulster. though they had been defeated. He told them,
Mac Namara Fionn (the Fair), namely, John, moreover, would not easy for them return
the son of Teige, son of Cumeadha, died on the
24th of the month of February, and Donal his son succeeded him.
Torlogh, the son of Mahon, son of the bishop
O'Brien, was killed in Hy-Maine by John Burke,
the son of Rickard, son of John of Doire-Mac Lachtna.
safe their country, they were inclined
so, for their enemies and opponents would pursue and attack them, and that those who were friendly and kind towards them, on their march Mun ster, would be inimical and treacherous them
their return their countries, and that they would attack and plunder them, and insult them. Mac Brody, i. e. Maoilin Oge, the son of The Irish leaders did not take his advice, and did
Maoilen, son of Conor, died on the last day of the
month of December, and there was not in Ireland
one historian who was a better bard and poet than
he ; it was he that composed these historical
poems as follows, in Dan-Direach (a kind of Irish verse, see Halliday’s Grammar, p. 155) “I will put
an obligation on the clan of Tail;” “Give attention
not act according his request, himself was
not among them, but resolved returning their countries; they afterwards proceeded, separate
bodies, without being under the general command any one lord, but each lord and each chief apart, followed their respective leaders and faithful
people. Alas! was not the same cheerfulness, to me, Oh Insi-an-Laoigh” (the ancient name of courage, valour, vaunting, threatening prowess
Ennis in Clare); “Know me, Oh Mac Coghlan;” “Let us make this visit to the clan of Cais;” “Strangers here are Cahir's race;” “From four the Gadelians have sprung,” &c. (See O’Reilly’s Irish Writers A. D. 1602). *
that the Irish had on their return that time,
which they had their first going that expe dition. The opinions the prince O’Donnell, and every thing foretold for them, were verified, for not only did their enemies rise up before and
Niall Garv O'Donnell marched with a force of after them, give them battle, but those who
English and Irish, from Fraoch-Magh, in Tyrone,
at the request of the lord justice, who was carry ing on a siege against the island of Fraoch-Magh
were friendship and union, and war alliance with them, rose up and were attacking and firing them every narrow pass through which they proceeded; was not easy for their lords and
at that time ; and he (Nial Garv), plundered
Cormac, the son of the baron, the brother of
O'Neill, and the Busdunach, and the country
westward as far as Magherastephana Ferma journey before them, the great numbers their
nagh), and took with them much prey and booty the lord justice Fermanagh.
enemies, the storm and severity the rough win
try weather, for was that time the end winter precisely; but, however, they returned
Niall Garv marched with another force Eng
lish and Irish into Brefney O’Rourke (Leitrim), their countries, after great dangers, without the
and carried away with them much cattle.
King James was proclaimed successor queen Elizabeth the 24th March, 1602, according
the English calculation; but, according the Roman computation, 1603, and was James VI. ,
As O’Neill, and the Irish who remained Ireland after the defeat Kinsale, the instructions and commands which O'Donnell, i. e. Hugh Roe, gave them before his departure for Spain, was
death any one note occurring, and each lord district endeavoured defend his patrimony
well could. was Rory O’Donnell,
son Hugh, son Manus, that O’Donnell, the
night before his departure, committed the com mand his people, his country, his lands, and every thing which belonged him, until should return back again, and enjoined O’Neill and
Rory friendly each other, both them selves were, and they promised him they would
-----
the kings Scotland (see Note 1603. )
chieftains, their leaders and warriors, defend and protect their people, account their long
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REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 707
be so. The Tirconnallians afterwards proceeded, O'Donnell and the English; Niall and Mac Swee under the command of the representative of their had engagement with party the Maguires,
lord, although it was equal to the parting of the
soul from the body to the most of them their se
paration from him, who had been, 'till then, their
commander and governor. O'Donnell’s son, i. e. ,
Rory, led on his people with resolute bravery,
through every difficult and intricate way, and through every danger and hazard which they en
countered since they left Kinsale, until they arri
ved, in the beginning of spring, in North Con
naught, where the cattle, farmers, property, and
flocks of the Tirconnallians, were throughout the lish and Irish, arrived Sligo, the summer country, in Corran, Lieny, and Tireragh of the precisely, and they resolved attack Rory O'Don Moy (baronies in Sligo). Good was the herd and nell, who was the south them, and on the shepherd who came to them there, for though mu people North Connaught general, order merous were the cattle flocks from neighbouring seize some their property. Cathbar, the son territories, which O’Donnell left his people on his Hugh Duv O'Donnell, went Oliver, and departure from them, Rory did not allow them to ratified his allegiance and friendship with him;
be restored, despite of him, to any country from where Cathbar had his residence and fortress that which they had been taken away, for he stationed time was, Dun-Aille, the west Sligo, and sir in various places, his soldiers and warriors, on the Oliverand Cathbar, with their forces, prepared go dangerous passes and undefended places of the Fermanagh, search prey and booty. When country, so that no one would attempt to pass Rory O’Donnell received intelligence those
when Rory returned to him, he gave him the accompany him his force oppose the Eng
O’Donnell, and Cormac, the son Donogh Oge
Maguire, was also taken prisoner him.
Niall Garv, with his brethren and the English,
did, had not equal force with the Eng lish, was remain protect his own people. As
sir Oliver, and Cathbar, with their forces,
proceeded boats Lough Erne, and they proceeded, and they plundered that lay their took and demolished Enniskillen; they also vicinity Fermanagh, and having carried off with
took Devenish and Lisgoole, and left guards them.
them much property, they returned their homes. Sir Oliver was informed the preparations made Rory O’Donnell, and how requested
O'Rourke accompany him obstruct him
Mac Sweeny Donogh, the son
Banagh (in Donegal), namely, Maolmurry, came Niall
and the Mac Cabes, which many them were slain, and they took Bryan, the son Dubh gall Mac Cabe, prisoner.
The island Kiltiernan, Fermanagh, was taken by Donal, the son Con O’Donnell, and
carried off much property from
Hugh Buighe, the son Con O’Donnell, took
prey from Tuathal, the son Felim Duv O’Neill, the estate of the tribe of Art O’Neill.
Sir Oliver Lambert, with large force Eng
them, to plunder or attack any of his people. O'Gallagher, namely, Owen, the son of John, was
in care of Ballymote on behalf of O’Donnell, since
he had proceeded to Munster, 'till this time, and
castle, which he took under his command. lish, the way which expected obtain The castle of Ballyshannon, in which were advantage them, and also requested him
guards from O’Donnell, was taken by Niall Garv aid him the war, until O’Donnell should re O’Donnell, and by the English, after they turn relieve the Irish, give him one his demolished and destroyed it by a great gun which strongly-fortified and impregnable castles,
they brought to and the guards escaped from place security for his wounded, helpless, and
safely, there was neither relief nor aid near sick people, and along with that permit his peo them, and was spring precisely that castle was ple bring their property and cattle into his taken. country. O'Rourke refused O’Donnell's son every
Inis-Samer and Inis-Mac-Conaill (in Donegal), thing requested him, and was grief and were taken Hugh Buighe, the son Con an insult him be thus refused, that what
military preparations,
allies and friends should
going relieve them:
O'Rourke, Bryan Oge, request him
was concerned that his plundered, without his his power, and went
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ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1602.
the forementioned expedition, and his animosity thought too long they remained that position,
against him was increased on account of and that the resolution they came was, force was therefore he sent to Athlone for additional the pass Ballagh-Buighe against Rory and
forces wreak his vengeance Rory. When O'Conor, and pass through despite them;
Rory learned that the English Athlone were but they were met and opposed the Irish, and
marching him the south, and the English fierce conflict ensued between them, which
Sligo the other side, took with him his pro great numbers the English were slain, and they
perty, his flocks, and his cattle herds, across the were finally compelled return back, having
Curlew mountains into Moylurg (in Roscommon), been greatly discomfited; they afterwards left the from thence across the Shannon into Muintir monastery, and they returned Roscommon.
Eoluis (Mac Rannall's country, Leitrim), and Rory and O'Conor returned across the Curlew Slieve-an-Iarain, Conmaicne-Rein, that mountain, and they encamped Ballysadare,
the English took nothing from them, and the oppose the English who were Sligo. hap English Athlone returned their homes with pened one time that party the forementioned out any victory that occasion. The people English were engaged certain place cutting
O'Donnell’s son returned back with their property the corn and green crops the country, for they again those places from which they had depart were not plentiful provisions, and they were in ed, viz. , Corran, Lieney, and Tireragh. stantly slain them. They remained for month
Rory himself proceeded, with the entire his opposed each other after that, and they con force, until arrived the island Lough Easke, tinued until the beginning winter, when the the eastern side Donegal, where O’Donnell’s lord lieutenant, namely, Charles Blount, lord guards were, and on which O'Conor Sligo was left Mountjoy, the general the war Ireland, sent imprisoned, since had been taken O'Don messenger and written despatch Rory
nell, till the end that summer. When he arri O'Donnell, requesting him come terms ved the place, his people were rejoiced see peace and cessation from hostilities. The import
Connaught.
About that time, viz. ,
harvest precisely, the South Connaught,
English Roscommon, and
mustered large force
O'Donnell again, and they did not halt until they arrived the monastery Boyle; Rory and
council; some them maintained that the death O’Donnell was not true, and that was cajole and deceive him, and bring them under the law, that fictitious story was sent him; another party maintained that was true, and that was good advice accept peace when
was offered them, and they length determined that and O'Conor Sligo should Athlone,
ratify their peace with the general; they
terwards went, and were well received by the general, and gave great honour and respect
the son O’Donnell, and made peace with him
on behalf the king, and confirmed his friend while they were the monastery. The English ship with him particularly, and afterwards
oppose them, and having proceeded across the Curlew moun tains, they encamped before the town the other side; they brought their people and their property
and cattle with them, from Moy O'Gara Cuil
O’bhFloinn (barony Coolavin, Sligo), and
left them their rear, the eastern end the
Curlew mountains, for they dreaded that they might plundered the English who were
Sligo, their absence, should they far distant from them. They remained for some time that manner confronted, watching each other, and many
O'Conor collected another force
people were slain and wounded between them
=
him; O'Conor promised his allegiance O'Don nell's son, and they having fatified their securities
and compacts with each other, set O’Conor
liberty, and they afterwards returned back into information that O’Donnell, Rory's brother, had
these was, that behoved him accept peace and friendship, and should not so,
died Spain, and that there was end the war by his death, and would great mistake and folly for him did not forthwith make
march against Rory peace with them. When they read the dispatches, Rory called his counsellors together, determine what should done, and they began deliberate
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A. D. 1603.
O’Neill, i. e. Hugh, the son Ferdorcha, and
arrived in Dublin on the 28th of March, 1602; on the 5th of May he proceeded towards Ulster against O'Neill, with a force of about 3,000 horse and foot, assisted by detachments from various garri
England, which given Morrison, details the dangers had formerly encountered the engagements the Moyry Pass Armagh, which says was “one the most difficult
lordship spoiled, burned, and ransacked all that country. ” He appointed Conor Roe Maguire, who had joined the English, chief Fermanagh, and placed him the principal house Mac Mahon, lord Monaghan, within two miles Fermanagh.
passages Ireland, fortified with good art, and with admirable industry; the enemy having raised from mountain mountain, from wood wood, and from bog bog, long Traverses with large
and high Flankers great stones mingled with sods staked both sides with Pallisadoes wattled
earth, and another place length, (see
Mountjoy then proceeded Newry
writing the lords the council
have left no man all the North that
resistance O'Rourke only excepted, who hitherto hath beenfurthest off from feeling the fury our prosecution;” and says the saine time that O'Neill was place incredible fastness O'Kane's country (Glenconkein), where was impossible do him any hurt, the ways being inaccessible an army.
says these fortifications extended three miles
note, page 681). the beginning June, Mountjoy advanced
able make any great
his ancestors, and set fire the ancient castle rather than
great bog, and way accessible but through thick woods almost impassable; was surrounded with two deep ditches both encom passed with strong pallisadoes, very high and thick rampart
earth and timber, and well flanked with bulwarks. Mountjoy sent his forces under Danvers and Chichester, attack this place, which was defended only by 42 musketteers and 20 swordsmen, who, after some resistance, surrendered the fortress, which was placed an English garrison, and the Irish soldiers were sent bound
the lord deputy Newry, the 19th August. Morrison says that great spoils were taken this fortress, consisting
should fall into the hands foreign foes. Red Hugh O'Donnell destroyed his castle from the English forces 1601, lest
like manner said
Donegal, recovering
should ever again fall
Munster was obliged
into their hands, for his expedition leave his fortress undefended, and
never returned Donegal
again. Mountjoy, advanced into Tyrone, saw the castle and
town Dungannon flames, and the place being thus deserted, he sent sir Richard Morrison with his regiment take possession the town, where soon after came himself with the rest the
REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 709
6. Mountjoy's Erpedition to Ulster and Connaught in 1602. -
After the defeat of the Irish and Spaniards at Kinsale, in Decem
ber, 1601, O'Neill with his forces returned to Ulster, and Red
Hugh O'Donnell went to Spain to solicit succours for a renewal of
the war. Mountjoy camefrom Kinsale to Cork and Kilkenny, and and strong places, but conflict with the O'Neills and Mac
Mahons, many his men were slain, together with captain Willis and sir John Barkley, sergeant major the army, commander great note; the 29th July arrived Monaghan and sons. At this time Mountjoy, in a letter to the lords of the coun planted garrison there 300 foot and 25 horse, under Chris topher St. Lawrence (baron Howth), and captain Esmond, but finding Mac Mahon, says Morrison, “to stand proud terms, his
forces. O'Neill retired Castle Roe, the river Bann, plate and other valuable goods the chief persons the country,
O'Kane's country, and Glanconkein mentioned one the places where afterwards secured himself; was glen en
vironed with woods, bogs, and waters, forming an inaccessible fast ness, and situated apparently the southern part Derry, to
wards the borders Tyrone and Lough Neagh. About this time sir Henry Docwra, governor Derry and other places near Lough Foyle, had planted garrison Omagh, and having advanced with his forces, formed junction with Mountjoy Dungan non; their combined forces preyed, plundered, and laid waste by fire and sword, Tyrone and Fermanagh, along Lough Erne, far
Enniskillen. They took some O’Neill's fortified islands, and recovered three pieces English cannon; they took Magherloney,
which Morrison says was one O'Neill's chief places abode, and magazine for his war. From Dungannon, Mountjoy sent sir
Richard Morrison with 500 foot meetsir Arthur Chichester, who came with his forces from Carrickfergus, and was pass Lough Sidney (Lough Neagh, named after the lord deputy sir Henry
who had sent them there for safety from the English garrisons. This stronghold was situated the parish Magheramesk,
the borders Down and Antrim, near the river Lagan, between
Sidney), and land within few miles Dungannon. These forces
having arrived, were joined the lord deputy about five miles
from Dungannon, near Lough Neagh, where they erected fort, Mountjoy spent five days about Tullaghoge, the seat the O'Ha
which, after his own title, called Mountjoy, and placed garrison 850 foot and 100 horse, under the command Benjamin Barry and captain Francis Roe and this fort was
sir
gans near Dungannon, where, according Morrison, destroyed the corn all the country, and O'Neill's own corn, and with bar barous vindictiveness broke pieces the celebrated stone chair placed open field Tullaghoge, which the O'Neills were inaugurated for many ages, princes Tyrone and kings Ulster. Docwra here met the lord deputy, and brought with him O'Kane Derry, who had made his submission, and the same time Randal Mac Sorley Mae Donnell Antrim submitted, and
victualled from Currickfergus boats over Lough Neagh. Mountjoy then despatched Docwra Derry prepare his forces march far Dungiven O'Kane's country, act against
O'Neill, and Chichester was ordered bring his forces from Car rickfergus Toome for the same purpose, while the deputy him
attack O'Neill towards Killetro, thus hemming
all sides with least 6,000 men, all which forces
self was
O'Neill
were
Mountjoy then marched towards Monaghan, and took someislands
assembled twenty days, according Morrison.
Carrickfergus, Docwra from Derry, Danvers from Armagh,
with the garrisons from the forts Mountjoy, Mountnor ris, Blackwater, and Charlemont, and Mountjoy's own forces, the whole amounting least 8,000 men, were prepared act against O'Neill. Morrison gives account stronghold
Moira and Lough Neagh. Mountjoy letter
Cecil, the 19th August, says, “to-morrow,
God, am again going into the field, near
waste the country Tyrone. ” On the 20th, says Morrison, encamped midway between Newry and Armagh, and having heard that O'Neill had retired into Fermanagh, Mountjoy resolved “to spoil the entire country Tyrone, and banish all the inhabitants
the south side the Blackwater, that O'Neill returned he should find nothing the country but the queen's garrisons. ” To promote these objects planted garrison Augher, Ty rone, which was Cormac O'Neill's chief residence, being castle seated island, from which he took two brass cannons. On the 29th crossed the Blackwater Charlemont Bridge, and encamped that night Dungannon, which fortified, and left ward keep the place retreat for their men service, and
preserve the oats growing thereabouts for their horses winter.
refresh his troops, and England, says—“We
the Blackwater, and encamped near the river about five miles
east the fort Blackwater, and sent sir Richard Morrison with
his regiment across the river secure the passage the arm
against O'Neill; Mountjoy caused bridge built over the
river, and fort the Armagh side, which from his own name
Charles, he called Charlemont, and he left the fort captain Toby
Caulfield with 150 men. O'Neill's forces this time had mostly
all dispersed, and, according Mac Geoghegan and others, were
reduced 600 foot and 60 horse, and being totally unable cope
with the powerful army more than 3,000 men under Mountjoy,
he resolved abandon Dungannon, for many ages the residence O'Neill's called Inisloghlin, which was seated the midst
About the 10th August the forces Chichester, from
the secretary the grace
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710 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1603.
the greater part of the Irish of Leth-Cuin, accepted who wished to avail themselves of the same, were peace except O’Rourke; for general peace, and a proclaimed by order of his majesty, king James, restoration of their titles and estates, to all those after he had been appointed as successor to the
offered to serve the queen with 500 foot and 40 horse at his own charge. O'Neill at this time, with Brian Mac Art O’Neill of Clan naboy, Cormac Mac Baron O'Neill, and Mac Mahon, retired, says
Morrison, to the bottom of a great fastness towards the end of
Lough Erne, where, in the beginning of September, Mountjoy fol
lowed them as far as he could with his forces, but could not come
within 12 miles of them, besides, he says, they could proceed from
thence to O'Rourke's country to which the army could not pass;
and he says O'Neill and his confederates had at this time but 600
foot and 60 horse. On the 8th of September, sir Arthur Chiches
ter was sent to the garrison at Mountioy, and ordered to clear
Tyrone of all inhabitants, and destroy all the corn he could not
preserve for the garrisons. Mountjoy then marched back with
his army on the 9th of September, and divided all the waste lands
on the south side of the Blackwater towards Newry, between
Henry and Con O'Neill, who had made their submission; they
were sons of the celebrated Shane O'Neill, former prince of Tyrone.
Mountjoy only gave them leave to live there with their creaghts,
or persons who tended the flocks and cattle, and such followers
as should come to them till the queen's pleasure was further known,
and he enjoined them to sow their corn for the next year on the
plains. He then returned to Newry on the 11th of September,
and in his letters to the council in England and to Cecil, he says—
“We found every where men dead of famine, insomuch that O'Ha
gan protested to us, that between Tullaghoge and Toome there lay
unburied 1,000 dead, and that since our first drawing this year to
Blackwater, there were above 3,000 starved in Tyrone. ” In other 1603, according the Roman computation. This chronological passages Morrison relates, that from the excessive famine, persons
were reduced to the horrible extremity of eating human flesh. Thus the merciless Mountjoy devastated the country, destroyed the crops and corn, and produced a direful famine, which killed thousands, while many other thousands were massacred by the sword. He went to Dublin in November, and at this time em ployed Garret Moore command “the Brenny,” county
difference arose from the old practice commencing the year the 25th March having still continued England, while,
Cavan, and receive the submission the chiefs. One the O'Reillys came with 100 men, and Mac Gauran's sons with men and 1,000 cows from one the O'Rourkes. Mountjoy proceeded
the 24th the 24th
March, March her will,
Connaught the latter end November, and arrived Ath lone the 2nd December, where, the 14th, Rory O'Donnell,
well
brother Red Hugh, and O'Conor Sligo, came and made their submission; next went Galway where spent his Christ mas, and that town the O'Flahertys, O'Conor Roe, the Mac Dermotts Roscommon, and other chiefs made their submission. At this time all the Irish leaders had submitted except the few above mentioned who were joined with O'Neill, and Bryan O'Rourke, lord Leitrim, Cuchonaght Maguire Fermanagh, captain Tyrrell who had lately returned from Munster and joined O'Rourke, and Donal O'Sullivan Beare. The patriotic and va liant O'Rourke had this time considerable force, and held out
the last, and for his resistance the queen Morrison calls him “the proud and insolent O'Rourke. ” After the taking his cas tle Dunboy, O'Sullivan Beare, disdaining surrender the English, resolved join O'Neill and O'Rourke the North, and set out from Munster the last day December, accompanied by O'Conor Kerry and other chiefs, and about 400 men, according
Mac Geoghegan. their progress through Cork, Limerick,
and Tipperary, their way Connaught, they were incessantly
attacked the English garrisons, but effected their passage, and
fought their way through enemies all sides, with such deter mined bravery, that Mac Geoghegan compares their progress
the retreat the Greeks under Xenophon. On the 7th January they arrived the forest Brosnach, and having deliberated how cross the Shannon, they length decided constructing
number boats, made osiers and branches trees, and having killed some their horses for the purpose, they covered these Corraghs with their hides, and having conveyed them the night
Portlaughan, opposite Portumna, they commenced crossing the river. O'Malley, who went the first, was upset, with sol
the 21st April, 1613, “There double cause why
that people, (the Irish), first,
used the following expressions: should careful the welfare the king England, reason that land,
diers, but the rest reached the opposite shore safety.
van's men, their various conflicts, were reduced
proceeded through O'Kelly's country, Galway, but
gress was attacked Aughrim the English, under captain Malby and sir Thomas Burke, brother the earl Clanrickard. O'Sullivan's men, though opposed far superior force, fought with great bravery, and defeated their opponents, great numbers
whom, together with Malby himself, were slain, and O'Sullivan's men continued their progress Brefney, where they were well received by O'Rourke. Thus the valiant O’Sullivan, and his faithful followers, fought their way with amazing bravery, amidst excessive difficulties, through enemies, for 200 miles, the depth
winter. O'Sullivan Beare, captain Tyrrell, Maguire, and some other leaders, having assembled O'Rourke's residence Dro mahaire, Leitrim, and still faithful O'Neill, resolved, along with O'Rourke, proceed towards Lough Erne, and had several conflicts with the English garrisons. At the end January, 1603, Mountjoy returned Dublin, and during that month and February
corresponded with the queenand council, forming plans sub due the still formidable O'Neill. —See account O'Sullivan's forpedition, 705 the Annals.
706 the Annals, the 24th March, the 24th March,
the Roman computation, the year was commenced the 1st January, from the year 1582, according the chronology sir
Harris Nicholas, which time Pope Gregory the XIII. intro duced this improved chronology, together with the New Style,
called the Gregorian Calendar, instead the Old Style, Julian Calendar; therefore the 24th March, 1602, according one
computation, was exactly the same date
1603, by the other. Queen Elizabeth died
1603, and short time before her death,
she nominated James VI. Scotland her successor, probably
some atonement for having put his mother death. James was the son Mary Queen Scots, by her second husband and cousin, Henry Stuart, earl Darnley, son Matthew Stuart,
earl Lennox, and James's right the crown England was derived by maternal descent from the House Tudor, his an cestor, James IV. , king Scotland, was married Margaret Tudor, daughter King Henry the VII. , England. James
was the first English monarch the House Stuart, and united his person the right the crown the three Kingdoms, derived descent from the Scottish, British, Saxon, and Norman kings, well from the Irish kings, for the old Scottish kings, and the House Stuart, were descended from the Irish kings Milesian race, through Loarn and Fergus, kings Scotland the beginning the 6th century, who were the descendants the Irish prince Carbry Rieda, who planted colony from Ireland Albany, Scotland, the 3rd century, fully explained O'Flaherty's Ogygia, and Chalmer's Caledonia. King James put forward this claim the crown Ireland, for the account his reign, Cox's Hibernia Anglicana, stated, that speech delivered King James, the Council table White Hall,
that king James succeeded the crown 1602, the English calculation, but
the long possessionthe crown
and also king Scotland, for the ancient kings
descended the kings Ireland. ” After reign
king James died Sunday, the 27th March, 1625,
year his age. He was married the princess Anne
daughter king Frederic II. , and her had son, who succeeded
England hath had
O'Sulli 300;
his pro
A. D. 1603. King James I–It mentioned
Scotland are 22 years,
the 59th Denmark,
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REIGN OF JAMES I. 7 ll
queen over England, France and Ireland. Mac the Districts, namely, Maolmurry, the son of Mur Sweeney Fanat, i. e. Donal, went to Niall O'Don rogh, and Cathbar Oge, the son of Cathbar, son nell, to come under the law. Mac Sweeney of of Manus O’Donnell, proceeded into Tirconnell,
him as Charles and was put death by the Cromwellians; king James also had daughter Elizabeth, who was married
stay him, 'till her pleasure should further known; and the same time received another from her Majesty the 17th Fe bruary, wherein pleased her enlarge the authority given unto me, assure him his life, liberty, and pardon, upon some condi
tions rememberedtherein. And withal received letter from your self the 18th February, recommending me your own advice, fulfil far possibly could, the meaning her majesty's first letter, and signifying her pleasure that should seek all the best means can, promise him his pardon by some other succeeded deputy sir Arthur Chichester, governor Car name than earl Tyrone, and rather by the name baron Dun gannon, needs be, the name some other earl; secondly deliver him his country less quantity and with less power
Frederic, Elector Palatine Germany, and king
Bohemia, and the House
from then were descended the kings England, Brunswick or Hanover.
Lords Lieutenant. —At the death Elizabeth, Mountjoy was lord deputy, but having returned England 1603,
was succeeded sir George Carey, who was appointed lord deputy the 1st June, 1603, but was recalled 1604, and
rickfergus, and ancestor the earls Donegal. Chichester con tinued deputy the year 1613, when Thomas Jones, archbishop Dublin, lord chancellor Ireland, and the marshal sir Richard
than before had it; and lastly, force him clear his passes and passages, made difficult him against any entry into his country. ” Again says—“And first for her majesty’s first
Wingfield, were appointed lords justices. 1614, sir Arthur Chichester, then baron Belfast, was again appointed lord deputy,
and 1615, Thomas Jones archbishop Dublin, lord chancellor, letter, and sir John Denham, chief justice the King's Bench, were both made lords justices. 1616, sir Oliver St. John, afterwards
viscount Grandison, was appointed lord deputy, and continued
1622, when Adam Loftus, viscount Ely, lord chancellor, and
Richard Wingfield, viscount Powerscourt, were constituted lords
pray you sir, believe me, that have omitted nothing, power and policy, ruin him and utterly cut him off, either may procure his head, before have engaged her royal word for his safety, protest will and much more, ready possessmyself his person, only promise any other means, whereby shall not directly scandal public faith, can procure him put himself into
were utterly broken down, and their forces dispersed, still, 296. ) Thus, appears, that while the queen and Cecil, and their
justices. 1622, Henry Carey, viscount Falkland, was appointed lord deputy, and continued 1628.
life
the majesty
my power.
any man
serve only his life, which knoweth how well secure by many other ways, for fly into Spain, that the least whereof he can assured, and most men, but especially he, make little difference between the value their life and liberty; and deceive him think will hard, for though wiser men than may overreached, yet hath many eyes jealousy awake, that will impossible charm them. ” (Morrison, pp. 292
Submission O'Neill –In the course the year 1602, many the Irish chiefs, already related, inadetheir submission Mount joy, and others treacherously revolted, while many the most
But speak my opinion freely, think that he, his case, would hardly adventure his liberty, pre
and
valiant O'Neill's commanders and allies, Hugh Maguire, An thony O'Moore, Pierce Lacy, and others, were slain. The earl Desmond and Florence Mac Carthy were prisoners the Tower, and the heroic Hugh O'Donnell having died Spain, there were no hopes succour from that country; yet though the Irish chiefs
supported few faithful followers, O'Neill, with heroic forti tude, held out his fastnessesagainst the English forces, and their garrisons Ulster, amounting least 10,000 men. Mount joy, before-mentioned, proclaimed many the Irish chiefs, and
offered large rewards any one who would assassinate them for instance, he offered £1000 for the head O'Neill, and 2000 crowns for the head Tyrrell. Monstrous insolence proclaim
rebels and traitors those heroic and patriotic men who stood forward defence their homes and their altars, exercising only the natural right maintaining their national independence, and upholding their civil and religious liberty; endeavouring esta
blish their rights, and transmit their hereditary possessions their posterity. Notwithstanding the large rewards offered by Mount joy, he could find none the Irish base betray O'Neill in his hands, though one time offered reward £2,000
any person who would bring him alive. Mountjoy, his letters the council England, February and March, 1603, given by Fynes Morrison, says, “No subjects have more dreadful awe
treacherous tool Mountjoy, were negociating with O'Neill about his submission and pardon, they used every effort deceive him false promises, and even plotted against his life; but the wary O’Neill knew their bad faith, and took good care not surrender till had obtained his terms, with ample security and assurance, not only for life, liberty, and religious freedom for himself and his
allies, but also for the reversal his attainder, and that his title earl Tyrone, and his estates, with new Letters Patent for his lands, should granted and confirmed him by the crown.
lay violent hands
their sacred prince, than these people have their O'Neills; and hath the ancient liberty conquered nation work upon,
chief that fatal and odious, and not the name was fain leave before could have power for believe me, out my experience, the titles
rather weaken than strengthen them this country. ”
these negociations, queen Elizabeth died the 24th
which event Mountjoy received private information
and anxious have the honour receiving O'Neill's submission,
hastened the affair, well knew that O'Neill would means submit heard the queen's death. Mountjoy was
this time the castle sir Garrett Moore Mellifont, near Drogheda, and receiving the account the queen's death,
gave strict orders have the news concealed. He had previously the 25th, sent sir William Godolphin and sir Garrett Moore
touch the person
swelling and desire
their fear rooted out, and generally over the kingdom, the fear persecution for religion. ” Morrison says, the same subject, “However, the name O'Neill was reverenced the
During March,
North, none could induced betray him for the large reward set upon his head.