No More Learning

CUNLIFFE.
His life. The Posies. His later works. His achievements
201


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х
Contents
CHAPTER XI
THE POETRY OF SPENSER
PAGE
By W. J. COURTHOPE, C. B. , D. Litt. , LL. D. , New College, Oxford.
Spenser's family. Gabriel Harvey. Platonism in Spenser's love
poems. Spenser and Ficino. Spenser and Harvey. The Shepheards
Calender. Spenser's literary obligations to Mantuan, Vergil and
Marot. Vocabulary of The Shepheards Calender. The Faerie
Queene. Its design. Orlando Furioso. Allegory in The Faerie
Queene. The knight in the social organism. Spenser as a word-
painter and as a metrical musician. His Complaints. Colin
Clouts Come Home Again. The later Hymnes. Summary view
of Spenser's genius
211
CHAPTER XII
THE ELIZABETHAN SONNET
By SIDNEY LEE, D. Litt. Oxford.
The model of construction. French influences Marot. Ronsard.
Du Bellay. Spenser and his French masters. The influence of
Petrarch. Thomas Watson. Sir Philip Sidney's Astrophel and
Stella. Spenser's Amoretti. The sonneteering conceit of im-
mortality. Constable's Diana. Daniel. Lodge. Drayton. Richard
Barnfield. Barnabe Barnes. Giles Fletcher. Sir William Alexander.
Drummond of Hawthornden. Elizabethan critics of the sonnet.
The sonnet of compliment
247
CHAPTER XIII
PROSODY FROM CHAUCER TO SPENSER
By GEORGE SAINTSBURY, M. A. , Merton College, Oxford, Professor
of Rhetoric and English Literature in the University of
Edinburgh.
The prosody of the fourteenth century. Piers Plowman. The staple
of English poetry. Chaucer and his successors. 'Doggerel. ' The
influence of music. Wyatt and Surrey. Sackville. The drama.
The Shepheards Calender. Spenser's mission
273


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Contents
xi
CHAPTER XIV
PAGE
ELIZABETHAN CRITICISM
By GEORGE SAINTSBURY.
Caxton's prefaces. Ascham. The Spenser and Harvey letters.
Stanyhurst. Gascoigne's Notes of Instruction. Sir Philip Sidney's
Apologie for Poetrie. William Webbe's Discourse of English
Poetrie. The Arte of English Poesie. Sir John Harington.
The Harvey Nashe controversy. Campion. Daniel. Summary . 289
CHAPTER XV
CHRONICLERS AND ANTIQUARIES
By CHARLES WHIBLEY, Jesus College.
Edward Hall. Raphael Holinshed. Harrison's Description of
England. John Stow. John Speed. William Camden. John
Leland. Sir Thomas Smith. John Foxe. The history of King
Richard the thirde. George Cavendish. Sir John Hayward
313
CHAPTER XVI
ELIZABETHAN PROSE FICTION
By J. W. A. ATKINS, M. A. , Fellow of St John's College, Professor
of English Language and Literature, University College of
Wales, Aberystwyth.
Earlier native types. The influence of translators. John Lyly. Euphues.
Euphuism. Lyly's influence. Robert Greene. Sir Philip Sidney.
Arcadia. Its style and influence. Greene's romances. Thomas
Lodge. Rosalynde. Emanuel Ford. Nicholas Breton. Anthony
Munday. Greene's autobiographical and realistic work. Thomas
Nashe. The Unfortunate Traveller. Its literary qualities.
Characteristics of Nashe's prose. Thomas Deloney. Thomas of
Reading. Jack of Newbury. The Gentle Craft. Deloney's
literary characteristics. General summary
339
CHAPTER XVII
THE MABPRELATE CONTROVERSY
By J. DOVER WILSON, M. A. , Gonville and Caius College, Lector
in English in the University of Helsingfors, Finland.
The origin of the controversy. Penry's Aequity and Udall's Diotrephes.
The story of the press. The style and character of the tracts. The
Epistle and The Epitome. The Minerall Conclusions. Hay any
worke for Cooper ? Martin Junior. Martin Senior. The
Protestation. The authorship of the tracts. The theological
reply to Martin. The dramatic and literary replies. The
pamphlots of the Harveys. The Harvey Nashe Greene con-
troversy. Martin's literary influence .
374
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xii
Contents
CHAPTER XVIII
PAGE
OF THE LAWS OF ECCLESIASTICAL POLITY
By the Rev. F. J. FOAKES-JACKSON, D. D. , Fellow and
Assistant Tutor of Jesus College.
The Elizabethan settlement. Calvin. The Admonition to Parliament.
The puritan position. Richard Hooker. The preface to the Polity.
Varieties of law. Hooker's literary power. His place in the re-
formation. The position of his book in literature .
399
CHAPTER XIX
ENGLISH UNIVERSITIES, SCHOOLS AND SCHOLARSHIP
IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY
By W. H. WOODWARD, Christ Church, Oxford, sometime Professor
of Education in the University of Liverpool.
Universities under Edward VI and Mary. The accession of Elizabeth.
Civil law at the universities. English learning in the sixteenth
century. Edinburgh University, Trinity College, Dublin, and
Gresham College. English schools under Elizabeth. The school
curriculum. John Cheke. Thomas Wilson. The Arte of Rhetorique.
Roger Ascham. Richard Mulcaster. Il Cortegiano of Castiglione 418
CHAPTER XX
THE LANGUAGE FROM CHAUCER TO SHAKESPEARE
By J. W. H. ATKINS.
Fifteenth century changes in vocabulary. Elizabethan English.
Growing importance of the vernacular. Conservatism and reform.
Classical influence. Influence of Romance languages. Literary
influence on the vocabulary. Results of loss of inflections.
Influences on Elizabethan idiom. Elizabethan pronunciation.
Elizabethan English as a literary medium. Its musical resources.
Elizabethan and modern English
439
466
.
Bibliographies.
Table of principal dates
Index.
557
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THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY
OF ENGLISH LITERATURE
VOLUME III.
RENASCENCE AND REFORMATION
Second Impression, 1918, Corrections and Additions
The errata mentioned in volumes of the History published later than the first
edition of this volume have been corrected in the present impression. In addition,
some misprints noticed later have been corrected, and a few alterations made. A list
of the more important of these follows:
p. 14, 11. 3—5 omit Such. . . Europe, and
p. 42, ll. 16-18 for Latimer had. . . urged it. read Latimer joined his fellow com-
missioners (1530) in deprecating the publication of an English version; a letter to the
king (December 1530) urging it has been wrongly ascribed to him.
p. 45, 11. 21–22 for soon. . . appeared read after 1629, when we have the first example
p. 130, 1. 2 after cardinal Beaton, the following words have been added and printed,
probably,
p. 137, 1. 7 after James VI, who, the following phrase has been inserted in 1585,
published Essayes of a Prentise, and, in 1591, Poeticall Exercises
p. 171, 11. 27–28 omit the close. . . St Gelays, or
p. 208, 11. 6—28 for In the dedication. . . short of proof. read
In the dedication of The Droomme of Doomesday, Gascoigne wrote (2 May 1576) that
he was 'in weake plight for health as your good L. well knoweth,' and he was unable,
through illness, to correct the proofs. He was again ill for some months before his
death on 7 October 1577. . But, between these two illnesses he evidently recovered
sufficiently to be sent on a mission from the privy council to the English merchant
adventurers in Antwerp. He wrote to the lord treasurer from Paris on his way on
15 September 1576 and again on 7 October, and in November he received twenty
pounds for bringinge of Letters in for her Majesties affaires frome Andwarpe to
Hampton Court. In the same montb, his printer issued anonymously, although
seene and allowed,' The Spoyle of Antwerp Faithfully reported by a true Englishman,
who was present at the same. Recent events in Belgium lend the pamphlet a special
interest, but, apart from these painful associations, it is a craftsmanlike piece of
reporting, giving Gascoigne an additional claim to our attention as the first English
war correspondent. His authorship of the pamphlet, which was for a long time held
doubtful, was recently established beyond question by a comparison of the signatures
of the letters preserved in the Record office with that of George Gascoigne in the
manuscript of Hemetes the heremyte; they are undoubtedly identical1.
See the facsimiles published in Mod. Lang. Rev. vol. vi, p. 90 (January 1911).
p. 319, 1. 20 omit two Jesuits before Richard Stanyburst
p. 376, 1, 17 omit the line following black-letter [extremely like that used by him
later for the Marprelate tracts]
p. 378, 1. 21 for held the living of read was a preacher at
1. 28 after house omit 'outside Temple Bar'
1. 30 insert pica before type
1. 31 after confiscated omit and destroyed
a


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xiv
p. 379, 11. 21 and 35 for June read midsummer
p. 380, 1. 9 for deprived of his living read inhibited as a preacher
11. 11-14 omit Penry. . . edition.
p. 382, footnote 2 add Manchester Papers, no. 123.
p. 391, 11. 15-16 omit entitled. . . Treatise
1. 29 add footnote, But see Wilson, J. Dover, Martin Mary ate and Shake-
speare's Fluellen, 1912, published since the above was written.
p. 392, 11. 37–38 for in the summer. . . silence read in the spring and summer of 1589
p. 397, 1. 2 for Thomas Turswell read one T. T.
p. 426, 1. 23 after Buchanan add , as a teacher,
1. 33 for Bourne read Browne
p. 466 under Caius add Works. Ed. Roberts, E. S. Cambridge, 1912.
p. 518, 11. 17–18 omit (Authorship. . . Gascoigne. ]
p. 529, under Hall add See The Lives of the Kings, Henry VIII, ed. Whibley, C. ,
2 vols. 1904.
p. 538, 1. 54 for (By Thomas Nashe ? . ] read [Author unknown. ]
p. 542, 1. 40 for (By Thomas Turswell. ) read [Author unknown. ]
p. 583 delete the entry under Henry Smith and add p. 418 to the Sir Thomas Smith
entry.
Addenda to the present (2nd) impression.
p. 174, 11. 15--19 for He knew. . . versification. read He had studied Chaucer, too, but
in Pynson's edition, published in 1526; and it was mainly on French and Italian
models that he founded his versification. A book to which he owed much was Trissino's
Poetica, published in 1529, with a translation into Italian of Dante's De Vulgari
Eloquentia.
p. 375, 11. 10-16 for Star chamber. . . books. read Star chamber which amplified
and reinforced the injunctions and decrees hitherto issued in regard to the press. It
forbade the publication of any book or pamphlet unless previously authorised by him.
self or the bishop of London, gave him full control over the Stationers' company,
empowered him to determine the number of printing presses in use and, finally,
imposed the severest penalties on the printing of seditious or slanderous books? .
See vol. iv, pp. 379—381 of the present work.
p. 378, 11. 32–33 for escape. . . gone, read save a small quantity of the pica type,
and it is possible that some time previous to this he had secretly conveyed a second
press with the necessary type into the country. Certainly he was at liberty and at
work shortly afterwards for we find a book entered against his name in the Stationers'
Register on 13 May. But on the same date the court of Stationers ordered the
destruction of the confiscated press, type and books, while, as we learn from Martin
himself, he was . utterly deprived from ever printing again. ' His career as a recognised
printer was, therefore, at an end,
p. 379, 11. 28–33 for task. . . . priest. read task, though it is difficult to say whether
it was taken in hand in the early or late summer. Two of Penry's tracts also, in all
probability, belong to the same period. These were a second edition of An E. chortation,
and a new tract entitled A Defence of that which hath been written, which was a reply
to Dr Some, who had published an answer to the first edition of An Exhortation.
The second edition of the last-named tract, of which there are two distinct issues
extant? , was almost certainly published late in May or early in June, and a close
examination of its lettering and workmanship, together with hints let fall by those
examined by the authorities in their investigation of the affair support the belief that
it was printed by Waldegrave on a press and secreted at Kingston-on-Thames, in which
town Udall was a resident preacher.
3 See New Tract from the Marprelate press, The Library, July 1909.


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XV
6
9
p. 387, 1. 26. Since this volume was first published, the writer has come to the
conclusion that the change of method' really implies a change of authorship and
that there is much more behind the business of Martin Senior and Junior than mere
imaginative setting. See Wilson, J. Dover, Martin Marprelate and Shakespeare's
Fluellen, 1912.
p. 466, add to the bibliography of chapter 1:
Allen, P. S. The Age of Erasmus. Oxford, 1914.
Erasmus, Desiderius. Opus Epistolarum Des. Erasmi denuo recognitum et auctum
per P. S. Allen. 3 vols. Oxford, 1906–13.
The Praise of Folly. 1509. Tr. John Wilson. 1668. Ed. Allen, Mrs P. S.
Oxford, 1913.
Leach, A. F. The Schools of Medieval England, 1915.
p. 471, add to the bibliography of chapter II :
Guide to the Manuscripts and Printed Books exhibited in celebration of the Tercentenary
of the Authorized Version. 1911. [Printed by the Trustees of the British Museum
for the British Museum Exhibition, 1911. )
Brown, J. The History of the English Bible.