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Gregory Nazianzen's will (Opp. S. Greg. Scamander. (Hom. II. ii. 870, &c. ) Conon (Nur
p. 204, A. B. ), and he was nominated with Optimus rat. 6) calls him a king of the Lycians.
of Antioch in Pisidia as the centre of catholic com- Two other mythical personages of this name oc-
munion in the diocese of Asia. In A. D. 383, he cur in Apollod. ii. 4. & 5, and Paus. v. 3. & 4. [L. S. ]
obtained from Theodosius a prohibition of Arian AMPHI'MACHUS ('Auoiua xos), obtained the
assemblies, practically exhibiting the slight other- satrapy of Mesopotamia, together with Arbelitis, in
wise put on the Son of God by a contemptuous the division of the provinces by Antipater in B. C.
treatment of the young Arcadius. (Fleury's Eccl. 321. (Arrian, ap. Phot. p. 71, b. , 26, ed. Bekker;
Hist. xviii. c. 27. ) This same year be called a Diod. xviii. 39. )
council at Side in Pamphylia, and condemned the AMPHIMEDON ('Audiéswv), a son of Me
Massalian heretics, who made the whole of religion laneus of Ithaca, with whom Agamemnon had
consist in prayer. (Theodt. Haeret. Fab. iv. 11. ) been staying when he came to call upon Odysseus
In A. D. 394 he was at the Council of Constanti- to join the Greeks against Troy, and whom he
nople (see Ammon of Hadrianople), which con- afterwards recognised in Hades. (Hom. Od. xxiv.
firmed Bagadius in the see of Bostra. This is 103, &c. ) He was one of the suitors of Penelope,
the last we hear of him. He died before the per- and was slain by Telemachus. (Od. xxii. 284.
secution of St. Chrysostom, probably A. D. 395, Another mythical personage of this name occurs in
and he is commemorated on Nov. 23rd. His re | Ovid. (Vel. v75. )
[L. S. )


## p. 151 (#171) ############################################

AMPHION.
151
AMPHISSUS.
AMPHI'NOME ('Audivóun), the wife of Aeson | his brother at Thebes (or, according to Stephanus
and mother of Jason. When her husband and Byzantius, s. r. Tibopaia, at Tithoraea), and the
her son Promachus had been slain by Pelins, and Tithoracans believed, that they could make their
she too was on the point of sharing their fate, shcown fields more fruitful by taking, at a certain
fled to the hearth of Pelias, that his crime might time of the year, from Amplion's grave a piece of
be aggravated by murdering her on that sacred earth, and putting it on the grave of Antiope. For
spot. She then cursed the murderer of her rela- this reason the Thebans watched the grave of Am-
tives, and plunged a sword into her own breast. phion at that particular season. (Paus. ix. 17. $ 3,
(Diod. iv. 50 ; Apollon. Rhod. i. 45. ) Two other &c. ) In Hades Amphion was punished for his
mythical personages of this name are mentioned in conduct towards Leto. (ix. 5. & 4. ) The following
Diod. iv. 53, and in the Iliad, xviii. 44. [L. S. ] passages may also be compared : Paus. ii. 6. & 2,
AMPHI'ON ('Audiwr). 1. A son of Zeus and vi. 20. & 8; Propert. iii. 13. 29. The punishment
Antiope, the daughter of Nycteus of Thebes, and inflicted by Amphion and his brother upon Dirce
twin-brother of Zethus. (Ov. Met. vi. 110, &c. ; | is represented in one of the finest works of art still
Apollod. iii. 5. & 5. ) When Antiope was with extant—the celebrated Famesian bull, the work of
child by the father of the gods, fear of her own father Apollonius and Tauriscus, which was discovered in
induced her to flee to Epopeus at Sicyon, whom 1546, and placed in the palace Farnese at Rome.
she married. Nycteus killed himself in despair, (Pliny, H. N. xxxvi. 4; Heyne, Antiquar. Aufsätze,
but charged his brother Lycus to avenge him on ii
. p. 182, &c. ; comp. Müller, Orchom. p. 227, &c. )
Epopeus and Antiope. Lycus accordingly marched 2. A son of Jasus and husband of Persephone,
againt Sicyon, took the town, slew Epopeus, and by whom he became the father of Chloris. (Hom.
carried Antiope with him to Eleutherae in Boeotia. Od. xi. 281, &c. ) In Honier, this Amphion, king
During her imprisonment there she gave birth to of Orchomenos, is distinct from Amphion, the hus-
two sons, Amphion and Zethus, who were exposed, band of Niobe; but in earlier traditions they seem
but found and brought up by shepherds. (Apollod. to hare been regarded as the same person. (Ev
1. c. ) According to Hyginus (Fab. 7), Antiope stath. ad Hom. p. 1684; Müller, Orchoin. pp. 231,
was the wife of Lycus, and was seduced by Epo 370. )
peus. Hereupon she was repudiated by her hus- There are three other mythical personages of
band, and it was not until after this event that she this name, one a leader of the Epeians against
was visited by Zeus. Dirce, the second wife of Troy (Hom. I. xiii. 692), the second one of the
Lycus, was jealous of Antiope, and had her put in Argonauts (Apollon. Rhod. i. 176; Orph. Arg. 214;
chains; but Zeus helped her in escaping to mount Hygin. Fub. 14), and the third one of the sons of
Cithaeron, where she gave birth to her two sons. Niobe. [N10BE. ]
(L. S. ]
According to A pollodorus, she remained in capti- AMPHION (Αμφίων). 1. A sculptor, son of
vity for a long time after the birth of her sons, ACESTOR, pupil of Ptolichus of Corcyra, and teacher
who grew up among the shepherds, and did not of Piso of Calaureia, was a native of Cnossus, and
know their descent. Hermes (according to others, flourished about B. C. 428 or 424. He executed a
Apollo, or the Muses) gave Amphion a lyre, who group in which Battus, the colonizer of Cyrene,
henceforth practised song and music, while his bro was represented in a chariot, with Libya crowning
ther spent his time in hunting and tending the him, and Cyrene as the charioteer. This group
flocks. (Horat. Epist. i. 18. 41, &c. ) The two was dedicated at Delphi by the people of Cyrene.
brothers, whom Euripides (Phoen. 609) calls “the (Paus. vi. 3. & 2, s. 15. & 4. )
Dioscuri with wbite horses,” fortified the town of 2. A Greek painter, was contemporary with
Entresis near Thespiae, and settled there. (Steph. A pelles (B. C. 332), who yielded to him in
Byz. s. v.
) Antiope, who had in the meantime arrangement or grouping (cedebat Amphioni dispo
been very ill-treated by Lycus and Dirce, escaped sitione, Plin. xxv. 36. § 10: but the reading Am-
from her prison, her chains having miraculously phioni is doubtful : Melanthio is Brotier's conjec-
been loosened ; and her sons, on recognising their ture ; MELANTHIUS).
[P. S. )
mother, went to Thebes, killed Lycus, tied Dirce AMPHIS ("Audis), an Athenian comic poet, of
to a bull
, and had her dragged about till she too the middle comedy, contemporary with the philo-
was killed, and then threw her body into a well, sopher Plato. A reference to Phryne, the Thes
which was from this time called the well of Dirce. pian, in one of his plays (Athen. xiii. p. 591, d. ),
After having taken possession of Thebes, the two proves that he was alive in B. C. 332. " We have
brothers fortified the town by a wall, the reasons the titles of twenty-six of his plays, and a few
for which are differently stated. It is said, that fragments of them. (Suidas, s. v. ; Pollux, i. 233;
wben Amphion played his lyre, the stones not only Diog. Laert. iii
. 27; Athen. xii. p. 567, f. ; Mei-
moved of their own accord to the place where they neke, i. p. 403, iii. p. 301. )
[P. S. )
were wanted, but fitted themselves together so as to AMPHISSA ("Audioga), a daughter of Maca-
form the wall. (Apollon. Rhod. i. 740, 755, with reus and grand-daughter of Aeolus, was beloved by
the Schol. ; Syncell. p. 125, d. ; Horat. ad Pison. Apollo, and is said to have given the name to the
394, &c. ) Amphion afterwards married Niobe, town of Amphissa in Phocis, where her memory
who bore him many sons and daughters, all of was perpetuated by a splendid monument. (Paus.
whom were killed by Apollo. (Apollod. iii. 5. & 6; 1. 38. $ 2, &c. ).
(L. S. )
Gellius, xx. 7; Hygin. Fab. 7, 8; Hom. Od. xi. AMPHISSUS ("Audiooos), a son of Apollo
260, &c. ; Paus. ix. 5. § 4; comp. N10Be. ) As and Dryope, is said to have been of extraordinary
regards the death of Amphion, Ovid (Met. vi. 271) strength, and to have built the town of Oeta on
relates, that he killed himself with a sword from the mountain of the same name. Here he also
grief at the loss of his children. According to founded iwo temples, one of Apollo and the other
others, he was killed by Apollo because he made of the Nymphs. At the latter, games were cele
an assault on the Pythian temple of the god. (Hy brated down to a late period. (Anton. Lib. 32. )
gin. Fab. 9. ) Amphion was buried together with
(L. S. ]
a


## p. 152 (#172) ############################################

152
AMPHITRITE.
AMPHITRYON.
AMPHISTRATUS ('Audiotpatos) and his that on the arch of Augustus at Rimini. (Winc-
brother Rhecas were the charioteers of the Dios kelmann, Alte Denkmäler, i. 36; Hirt, Mythol.
curi. They were believed to have taken part in Bilderbuch, ii. p. 159. )
(L. S. ]
the expedition of Jason to Colchis, and to have oc- AMPHI'TRYON or AMPHI'TRUO ('Audi-
cupied a part of that country which was called Tpúww), a son of Alceus, king of Troezen, by
afier them Heniochia, as vioxos signifies a Hipponome, the daughter of Menoeceus. (Apollod.
charioteer. (Strab. xi. p. 495 ; Justin. xlii. 3. ) ii. 4. & 5. ) Pausanias (viii. 14. § 2) calls his
Pliny (H. N. vi. 5) calls them Amphitus and Thel- mother Laonome. While Electryon, the brother
chius. (Comp. Mela, i. 19. & 110; Isidor. Orig. of Alcaeus, was reigning at Mycenae, the sons of
xv. l; Ammian. Marcellin. xxii. 8. ) [L. S. ) Pterelaus together with the Taphians invaded his
AMPHI'STRATUS ('Auolotpatos), a Greek territory, demanded the surrender of the kingdom,
sculptor, flourished about B. c. 324. From the and drove away his oxen. The sons of Electryon
notices of two of his works by Pliny (xxxvi. 4. entered upon a contest with the sons of Puerelaus,
$ 10) and Tatian (Orat. in Graec. 52, p. 114, but the combatants on both sides all fell, so that
Worth. ), it is supposed that most of his statues Electryon had only one son, Licymnius, left, and
were cast in bronze, and that many of them were Pterelaus likewise only one, Eueres. The Ta.
likenesses.
[P. S. ] phians, however, escaped with the oxen, which
AMPHI'THEMIS ('Auditeurs), a son of they entrusted to Polyxenus, king of the Eleans.
Apollo and Acacallis, who became the father of Thence they were afterwards brought back to
Nasamon and Caphaurus, or Cephalion, by the Mycenae by Amphitryon after he had paid a
nymph Tritonis. (Hygin. Fab. 14; Apollon. ransom. Electryon now resolved upon avenging
Rhod. iv. 1494. )
(L. S. )
the death of his sons, and to make war upon the
AMPHITRITE ('Aubitpitn), according to Taphians. During his absence he entrusted his
Hesiod (Theog. 243) and Apollodorus (i. 2. $7) kingdom and his daughter Alcmene to Amphitryon,
a Nereid, though in other places Apollodorus (i. 2. on condition that he should not marry her till
§ 2, i. 4. § 6) calls her an Oceanid. She is repre- after bis return from the war. Amphitryon now
sented as the wife of Poseidon and the goddess of restored to Electryon the oxen he had brought
the sea (the Mediterranean), and she is therefore back to Mycenae ; one of them turned wild, and
a kind of female Poseidon. In the Homericas Amphitryon attempted to strike it with his
poems she does not occur as a goddess, and Am- club, he accidentally hit the head of Electryon and
phitrite is merely the name of the sea. The most killed him on the spot. Sthenelus, the brother of
ancient passages in which she occurs as a real Electryon, availed himself of this opportunity for
goddess is that of Hesiod above referred to and the purpose of expelling Amphitryon, who together
the Homeric hymn on the Delian Apollo (94), with Alcmene and Licymnius went to Thebes.
where she is represented as having been pre Here he was purified by Creon, his uncle. In
sent at the birth of Apollo. When Poseidon order to win the hand of Alcmene, Amphitryon
sued for her hand, she fled to Atlas, but her prepared to avenge the death of Alcmene's brothers
lover sent spies after her, and among them one on the Taphians (Teleboans), and requested Creon
Delphinus, who brought about the marriage be- to assist him in his enterprise, which the latter
tween her and Poseidon, and the grateful god promised on condition that Amphitryon should de
rewarded his service by placing him among the liver the Cadmean country from a wild fox which
stars. (Eratosth. Catast. 31; Hygin. Poet. Astr. was making great havoc there.
But as it was
ij. 17. ) When afterwards Poseidon shewed some decreed by fate that this fox should not be over-
attachment to Scylla, Amphitrite's jealousy was taken by any one, Amphitryon went to Cephalus
excited to such a degree, that she threw some of Athens, who possessed a famous dog, which,
magic herbs into the well in which Scylla used to according to another decree of fate, overtook every
bathe, and thereby changed her rival into a monster animal it pursued. Cephalus was induced to lend
with six heads and twelve feet. (Tzetz. ad Lycoph. Amphitryon his dog on condition that he should
45, 649. ) She became by Poseidon the mother of receive a part of the spoils of the expedition against
Triton, Rhode, or Rhodos, and Benthesicyme. the Taphians. Now when the dog was hunting
(Hesiod. Theog. 930, &c. ; Apollod. i. 4. § 6; iii. the fox, Fate got out of its dilemma by Zeus
15. $ 4. ) Later poets regard Amphitrite as the changing the two animals into stone. Assisted by
goddess of the sea in general, or the ocean. (Eurip. Cephalus, Panopeus, Heleius, and Creon, Amphi-
Cycl. 702; Ov. Met. i.