)
Autronius
PAETUS, C.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - c
16, seats at the Ludi Romani for the senators, who up
44 ; Cic. Brut. 28. ) This is the Aelius of whom to that time had sat promiscuously with others.
it is related by Valerius Maximus (iv. 3. $ 7) and The Atrium of Libertas and the Villa Publica
Pliny (H. N. xxxiii. 11, s. 50), that the Aetolians were also repaired and enlarged by the censors.
sent him in his consulship magnificent presents of Sextus had a reputation as a jurist and a prudent
silver plate, since they had in a former embassy man, whence he got the cognomen Catus.
found him eating out of earthenware, and that he
refused their gift. Valerius calls him Q. Aelius
Egregie cordatus homo Catus Aelius Sextus
Tubero Catus, and Pliny Catus Aelius ; they both (Cic. de Orat. i 45), which is a line of Ennius,
seem to have confounded him with other persons Sextus was a jurist of eminence, and also a
of the same name, and Pliny commits the further ready speaker. (Cic. Brut. c. 20. ) He is enu-
error of calling him the son in-law of L. Aemilius merated among the old jurists who collected or
Paullus, the conqueror of Macedonia. [Tubero. ] arranged the matter of law (juris antiqui conditor ;
8. Aelius Partus Tubero. [TUBERO. ) Cod. 7. tit. 7. s. 1), which he did in a work en-
The annexed coin belongs to P. Aelius Paetus, titled Tripartita or Jus Aelianum. This was a
but it is uncertain to which person of the name. work on the Twelve Tables, which contained the ori-
It bears on the obverse the head of Pallas, and on ginal text, an interpretation, and the Legis actio
the reverse the Dioscuri.
subjoined. It still existed in the time of Pom-
ponius (Dig. 1. tit. 2. s. 2. & 38); and was probably
the first commentary written on the Twelve
Tables. Cicero (de Or. i. 56) speaks of his Com-
mentarii, which may or may not be a different
work from the Tripartita. Gellius (ir. l) quotes
Servius Sulpicius, as citing an opinion of Catus
Aelius (or Sextus Aelius) on the meaning of the
word Penus. The same passage is quoted by Ul.
pian, De Penu legata (33. tit. 9. s. 3. 89), where
COIN OF P. AELIUS PAETUS.
the common reading is Sextus Caecilius, which, as
Grotius contends, ought to be Sextus Aelius. He
PAETUS, AE’LIUS, jurists. I. P. ARLIUS is also cited by Celsus (Dig. 19. tit. 1. s. 38), as
PAETUS, was probably the son of Q. Aelius Paetus, the text stands. The Aelius quoted by Cicero
a pontifex, who fell in the battle of Cannae. (Liv. (Top. c. 2) as authority for the meaning of “ assi-
xxiii, 21. ) Publius was plebeian aedile B. c. 204, duus,” is probably Sextus Aelius.
praetor B. c. 203 (Liv. xxix. 38), magister equitum Zimmern takes the Aelius mentioned in Cicero's
B. C. 202, and consul with C. Cornelius Lentulus Brutus (c. 46) to be the jurist, but this is obviously a
B. C. 201. Paetus held the urbana jurisdictio dur- mistake. (Brutus, ed. Meyer, c. 20, 46. ) Meyer
ing his year of office as praetor, in which capacity also denies that the whole work of Sextus on the
he published an edict for a supplicatio at Rome to Twelve Tables was called Jus Aelianum ; he
commemorate the defeat of Syphax. (Liv. xxx. 17. ) limits the name to that part which contained the
On the departure of Hannibal from Italy in the Actiones. Pomponius speaks of three other
same year, Paetus made the motion for a five days' libri" as attributed to Sextus, but some denied
supplicatio. The year of the election of Paetus to that they were his. Cicero (de Or. iii. 33) refers
the consulship was memorable for the defeat of to Sextus as one of those who were consulted after
Hannibal by P. Cornelius Scipio at the battle of the old fashion.
Zama. (Liv. xxx. 40. ) Paetus during his consul- (Grotius, Vitae Jurisconsultorum ; Zimmern,
ship had Italy for his province ; he had a conflict | Geschichte des Rom. Privatrechts, i. p. 279. ) (G. L. ]
6.
6
## p. 85 (#101) #############################################
PALTUS
85
PAGONDAS.
PAETUS, SEX. ARTICULEIUS, consul A. D. | Vologeses cut to pieces, and then proceeded to lay
101 with the emperor Trajan (Fasti).
siege to the town of Rhandeia or Arsamosata on
PAETUS, AUTRO'NIUS. l. P. AUTRONIUS the river Arsanias, in which Paetus had taken
Paetus, was elected consul for B. C. 65 with refuge. The place was well supplied with pro-
P. Cornelius Sulla ; but before he and Sulla visions, and Corbulo was at no great distance ;
entered upon their office, they were accused of but such was the pusillanimity of Paetus that he
bribery by L. Aurelius Cotta and L. Manlius was afraid to wait for the assistance of Corbulo,
Torquatus, and condemned. Their election was and purchased peace from the Parthians on the
accordingly declared void : and their accusers most disgraceful terms. In consequence of this
were chosen consuls in their stead. Enraged at conduct Paetus was deprived of his command and
his disappointment Paetus conspired with Cati. expected severe punishment on his return to
line to murder the consuls Cotta and Torquatus ; Rome, but Nero dismissed him uninjured with a
and this design is said to have been frustrated few insulting words (Tac. Ann. xv. 6, 8—15,
solely by the impatience of Catiline, who gave 17, 25 ; Dion Cass. lxii. 21, 22 ; Suet. Ner. 39. )
the signal prematurely before the whole of the After the accession of Vespasian, Caesenninis
conspirators had assembled. (Sall. Cat. 18; Dion Paetus was appointed governor of Syria, and
Cass. xxxvi. 27; Ascon. in Cornel. p. 74, ed. deprived Antiochus IV. , king of Commagene, of
Orelli ; Suet. Caes. 9; Liv. Epit. 101. ) [Cati- his kingdom. (Joseph. B. J. vii. 7. ) [See Vol. I.
LINA, p. 629, b. ] Paetus afterwards took an p. 194, b. ]
active part in the Catilinarian conspiracy, which The name of Caesennius Paetus, proconsul,
broke out in Cicero's consulship. After the sup- occurs on the coins of Ephesus and Smyrna
pression of the conspiracy Paetus was brought to struck in the reign of Domitian. This Caesennius
trial for the share he had had in it; he entreated Paetus may have been a son of the preceding
Cicero with many tears to undertake his defence, Paetus ; for Tacitus makes mention of one of his
pleading their early friendship, and their having sons who was with his father in Armenia (Ann.
been colleagues in the quaestorship, but this the xv. 10), and also of a son, apparently a different
orator refused (Cic. pro Sull. 6), and all his one, who was serving as tribune of the soldiers
former friends in like manner withdrew from him under Corbulo (Ann. xv, 28).
their support. He was accordingly condemned, PAETUS, L. CASTRI'NIUS, mentioned by
and went into exile at Epeirus, where he was Caelius in a letter to Cicero (ad Fam. viii. 2) in
living when Cicero himself went into banishment B. c. 51, may perhaps be the same person as the
in B. C. 58. Cicero was then much alarmed lest L. Castronius Paetus, the leading man in the
Paetus should make an attempt upon his life (Sall. municipium of Luca, whom Cicero recommended to
Cat. 17, 47; Dion Cass. xxxvii. 25; Cic. pro Brutus in B. C. 46 (ad Fam. xiii. 13).
Sull. passim ; Cic. ad Att. iii. 2, 7.
) Autronius PAETUS, C. CONSI'DIUS, known only
Paetus has a place in the list of orators in the from coins, a specimen of which is annexed. The
Brutus of Cicero, who however dismisses him with obverse represents the head of Venus, and the
the character, “ voce peracuta, atque magna, nec reverse a sella curulis.
alia re ulla probabilis" (c. 68).
2. P. AUTRONIUS Pastus, consul suffectus
B. C. 33 in place of Angustus, who resigned his
BIVŠ
office immediately after entering upon it on the
Kalends of January. (Fasti ; Appian, Iliyr. 28 ;
comp. Dion Cass. xlix. 43 ; Suet. Aug. 26. )
3. L. AUTRONIUS L. F. L. N. PAETUS is
FALTV3
stated in the Capitoline Fasti to have obtained
a triumph as proconsul from Africa in the month
of August, B. C. 29.
PAETUS, CAECINA. [CAECINA, No. 5. )
PAETUS, C. CAESE'NNIUS, sometimes PAETUS, L. PAPI'RIUS, a friend of Cicero,
called CAESO'NIUS, was consul A. D. 61 with to whom the latter has addressed several letters
C. Petronius Turpilianus. He was sent by Nero (ad Fam. ix. 15-26). From these letters it
in A. D. 63 to the assistance of Domitius Corbulo appears that Papirius Paetus belonged to the
(CORBULO), in order to defend Arinenia against Epicurean school, and that he was a man of
the attacks of Vologeses, king of Parthia. Arro- learning and intelligence. He is mentioned once
gant by nature, and confident of success, he or twice in Cicero's letters to Atticus (ad Atl. i. 20.
thought himself superior to the veteran Corbulo, $ 7, ii. 1. § 12).
and crossed the Taurus, boldly asserting that he PAETUS THRA'SEA. (THRASBA. ]
would recover Tigranocerta, which Corbulo had PAETUS, VALERIA'NUS, put to death by
been obliged to leave to its fate. This, however, Elagabalus. (Dion Cass. lxxix. 4. )
he was unable to accomplish ; but he took a few PAGASAEUS (Ilayacaios), i. e. the Pagasean,
fortified places, acquired some booty, and then, as from Pegasus, or Pegasae, a town in Thessaly, is a
the year was far advanced, led back his army into surname of Apollo, who there had a sanctuary said
winter-quarters, and sent to Nero a magnificent to have been built by Trophonius (Hes. Scut. Herc.
account of his exploits. But as Vologeses shortly 70, with the Schol. ), and of lason, because the
after appeared with a large force, Paetus marched ship Argo was said to have been built at Pagasus.
forth against him (according to Dion Cassius, (ov. Met. vii. ), Her. xvi. 345. ) [L. S. ]
with the view of relieving Tigranocerta), but after PAGONDAS (Παγώνδας). 1. A native of
losing a few troops he hastily withdrew across Thebes who gained the victory in the chariot-
mount Taurus, leaving 3000 soldiers to defend the race with entire horses, in the twenty-fifth
passes of the mountain. These troops, however, Olympind, on which occasion that species of con-
COIN OF C. CONSIDIUS PAETUS.
3
63
## p. 86 (#102) #############################################
86
PALAEOLOGUS.
PALAEOLOGU'S.
test was introduced for the first time. (Paus. v. 8. compass of the present work ; and we can only
$ 7. )
mention the leading Palaeologi spoken of in
2. The father of Pindar, according to Eustathius Byzantine history. A full account of all of them
(Prooem. Comment. Pind. ).
is given by Du Cange, where all the authorities
3. A native of Thebes, the son of Aeoladas. for the following particulars are collected (Familiae
He was one of the Boeotarchs in the year B. C. 424, Byzantinae, pp. 230—318).
when the Athenian expedition to Delium took 1. NICEPHORUS PALAEOLOGU's, with the title
place. After the fortification of Delium the Athe- of Hypertimus, was a faithful servant of the
nian troops received orders to return, and the emperor Nicephorus III. Botaniates (A. D. 1078
light troops proceeded without stopping to Attica. -1081), and was rewarded by him with the
The heavy-armed infantry halted a short distance government of Mesopotamia He perished in
from Delium to wait for the Athenian general battle in the reign of his successor Alexius I.
Hippocrates. Meantime the Boeotian forces bad Comnenus, while defending Dyrrhachium (Du-
assembled at Tanagra. Most of the Boeotarchs razzo) against the Normans, a. D. 1081.
were unwilling to attack the Athenians. But 2. GEORGIUS PALAEOLOGUS, the son of the
Pagondas, who was one of the two Theban Boeo preceding, was celebrated for his military abilities,
tarchs, and was commander-in-chief of the Boeotian and served with his father under the emperors
forces, wishing that the chance of a battle should Nicephorus III. and Alexius I. He married
be tried, by an appeal to the several divisions of Irene, the daughter of the Protovestiarius Andro-
the army persuaded the troops to adopt his views. nicus Ducas.
His harangue is reported by Thucydides (iv. 92). 3. MICHAEL PALAEOLOGU'S, with the title of
The day being far advanced, he led the main body Sebastus, probably a son of No. 2, was banished
of his troops at full speed to meet the Athenians, by Calo-Joannes or Joannes II. Comnenus, the
despatching one portion to keep in check the successor of Alexius I. Comnenus (A. D. 1118–
cavalry stationed by Hippocrates at Delium ; and, 1143), but was recalled from banishment by
having reached a spot where he was only sepa- Manuel I. Comnenus, the successor of Cala
rated by a hill from the enemy, he drew up his Joannes. He commanded the Greek forces in
army in battle array, and reached the summit of southern Italy, and carried on war with success
the ridge when the Athenian line was scarcely against William, king of Sicily, but died in 1155,
formed. As the Boeotian troops halted to take in the middle of his conquesis, at the town of
breath Pagondas again harangued them. The Bari, which he had taken a short time before.
Theban division, which was twenty-five deep, bore 4. GEORGIUS PALAEOLOGU'S, with the title of
down all opposition, and the appearance of two Sebastus, a contemporary of No. 3, was employed
squadrons of Boeotian cavalry, which Pagondas by Manuel I. Comnenus in many important em-
had sent round the back of the hill to support his bassies. He is supposed by Du Cange to be the
left wing, threw the Athenians into complete con- same as the Georgius Palaeologus, who took part
fusion, and the rout became general. Seventeen in the conspiracy by which Isaac II. Angelus was
days after the battle the fortress at Delium dethroned, and Alexius III. Angelus raised to the
was also taken. (Thuc. iv. 91-96; Athen. v. p. I crown in 1195, and who was killed in the storming
215, f. )
of Crizimon in 1199.
4. A man of the name of Pagondas is spoken of 5. NicephorUS PALABOLOGUS, gorernor of
by Theodoretus (de Cur. Affect. Graec. lib. ix. ), as a Trapezus, about a. D. 1179.
legislator among the Achaeans. But as nothing 6. ANDRONICUS PALAEOLOGUS, married the
further is known of him, and Pagondas is a name eldest daughter of the emperor Theodorus Lascaris.
that does not elsewhere appear in use among the 7. ALEXIUS PALAEOLOG US, married Irene, the
Achaeans, all those bearing the name of whom eldest daughter of Alexius III. Angelus, and was
we have any certain knowledge being Boeotians, destined by this emperor as his successor, but he
it has been conjectured with some probability died shortly before the arrival of the Crusaders at
that the name Pagondas in the passage of Theo- Constantinople.
doretus has been substituted through some mis- 8. ANDRONICUS PALAEOLOGUS, the ancestor of
take for Charondas. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. ii. the imperial family of the Palaeologi, was Magnus
(C. P. M. ] Domesticus under the emperors Theodorus Las-
PALAEOʻLOGUS (Talaiolóyos), the name of caris and Joannes III. Vatatzes. He assumed
an illustrious Byzantine family, of which there are the surname of Comnenus, which was borne like
said to have been descendants still existing in the wise by his descendants. He married Irene
17th century (Du Cange, Familiae Byzantinae, p. Palaeologina, the daughter of Alexius Palaeologus
255). This family is first mentioned in the eleventh (No. 7), and the grand-daughter of the emperor
century (see below No. 1], and from that time down Alexius III. His children being thus descended,
to the downfall of the Byzantine empire the name both on their father's and mother's side, from the
constantly occurs. It was the last Greek family Palaeologi are called by Georgius Phranzes (i. 1)
that sat upon the throne of Constantinople, and it SA Notalalodóyou. The following stemma, which
reigned uninterruptedly from the year 1260 to has been drawn up by Wilken (in Ersch and
1453, when Constantinople was taken by the Gruber's Encyklopädie, art. Paläologen) from Du
Turks, and the last emperor of the family fell Cange's work, exhibits all the descendants of this
while bravely defending his capital. A branch of Andronicus Palaeologus. The lives of all the
this family ruled over Montſerrat in Italy from emperors are given in separate articles, and the
A. D. 1305 to 1530, Theodorus Comnenus Palaeo- other persons are not of sufficient importance to
logus, the son of Andronicus II. , taking possession require a distinct notice. Of course, all the
of the principality in virtue of the will of John of persons on this stemma bore the name of Palaeo-
Montferran, who died without children. This logus, but it is omitted here in order to save
branch of the family does not fall within the space.
p. 36. )
## p. 87 (#103) #############################################
PALAFOLOGUS.
PALAEOLOGUS.
STEMMA PALAEOLOGORUM.
Andronicus Palacologus Comnenus,
Magnus Domesticus ;
married
Irene Palacologina.
Joannes,
Two daughters.
MICHAEL VIII. ,
en jetu! 1960-1982;
m. Theodora,
Constantinus
Sebastocrator,
Manus Domesticus.
Theodorus,
despoles.
44 ; Cic. Brut. 28. ) This is the Aelius of whom to that time had sat promiscuously with others.
it is related by Valerius Maximus (iv. 3. $ 7) and The Atrium of Libertas and the Villa Publica
Pliny (H. N. xxxiii. 11, s. 50), that the Aetolians were also repaired and enlarged by the censors.
sent him in his consulship magnificent presents of Sextus had a reputation as a jurist and a prudent
silver plate, since they had in a former embassy man, whence he got the cognomen Catus.
found him eating out of earthenware, and that he
refused their gift. Valerius calls him Q. Aelius
Egregie cordatus homo Catus Aelius Sextus
Tubero Catus, and Pliny Catus Aelius ; they both (Cic. de Orat. i 45), which is a line of Ennius,
seem to have confounded him with other persons Sextus was a jurist of eminence, and also a
of the same name, and Pliny commits the further ready speaker. (Cic. Brut. c. 20. ) He is enu-
error of calling him the son in-law of L. Aemilius merated among the old jurists who collected or
Paullus, the conqueror of Macedonia. [Tubero. ] arranged the matter of law (juris antiqui conditor ;
8. Aelius Partus Tubero. [TUBERO. ) Cod. 7. tit. 7. s. 1), which he did in a work en-
The annexed coin belongs to P. Aelius Paetus, titled Tripartita or Jus Aelianum. This was a
but it is uncertain to which person of the name. work on the Twelve Tables, which contained the ori-
It bears on the obverse the head of Pallas, and on ginal text, an interpretation, and the Legis actio
the reverse the Dioscuri.
subjoined. It still existed in the time of Pom-
ponius (Dig. 1. tit. 2. s. 2. & 38); and was probably
the first commentary written on the Twelve
Tables. Cicero (de Or. i. 56) speaks of his Com-
mentarii, which may or may not be a different
work from the Tripartita. Gellius (ir. l) quotes
Servius Sulpicius, as citing an opinion of Catus
Aelius (or Sextus Aelius) on the meaning of the
word Penus. The same passage is quoted by Ul.
pian, De Penu legata (33. tit. 9. s. 3. 89), where
COIN OF P. AELIUS PAETUS.
the common reading is Sextus Caecilius, which, as
Grotius contends, ought to be Sextus Aelius. He
PAETUS, AE’LIUS, jurists. I. P. ARLIUS is also cited by Celsus (Dig. 19. tit. 1. s. 38), as
PAETUS, was probably the son of Q. Aelius Paetus, the text stands. The Aelius quoted by Cicero
a pontifex, who fell in the battle of Cannae. (Liv. (Top. c. 2) as authority for the meaning of “ assi-
xxiii, 21. ) Publius was plebeian aedile B. c. 204, duus,” is probably Sextus Aelius.
praetor B. c. 203 (Liv. xxix. 38), magister equitum Zimmern takes the Aelius mentioned in Cicero's
B. C. 202, and consul with C. Cornelius Lentulus Brutus (c. 46) to be the jurist, but this is obviously a
B. C. 201. Paetus held the urbana jurisdictio dur- mistake. (Brutus, ed. Meyer, c. 20, 46. ) Meyer
ing his year of office as praetor, in which capacity also denies that the whole work of Sextus on the
he published an edict for a supplicatio at Rome to Twelve Tables was called Jus Aelianum ; he
commemorate the defeat of Syphax. (Liv. xxx. 17. ) limits the name to that part which contained the
On the departure of Hannibal from Italy in the Actiones. Pomponius speaks of three other
same year, Paetus made the motion for a five days' libri" as attributed to Sextus, but some denied
supplicatio. The year of the election of Paetus to that they were his. Cicero (de Or. iii. 33) refers
the consulship was memorable for the defeat of to Sextus as one of those who were consulted after
Hannibal by P. Cornelius Scipio at the battle of the old fashion.
Zama. (Liv. xxx. 40. ) Paetus during his consul- (Grotius, Vitae Jurisconsultorum ; Zimmern,
ship had Italy for his province ; he had a conflict | Geschichte des Rom. Privatrechts, i. p. 279. ) (G. L. ]
6.
6
## p. 85 (#101) #############################################
PALTUS
85
PAGONDAS.
PAETUS, SEX. ARTICULEIUS, consul A. D. | Vologeses cut to pieces, and then proceeded to lay
101 with the emperor Trajan (Fasti).
siege to the town of Rhandeia or Arsamosata on
PAETUS, AUTRO'NIUS. l. P. AUTRONIUS the river Arsanias, in which Paetus had taken
Paetus, was elected consul for B. C. 65 with refuge. The place was well supplied with pro-
P. Cornelius Sulla ; but before he and Sulla visions, and Corbulo was at no great distance ;
entered upon their office, they were accused of but such was the pusillanimity of Paetus that he
bribery by L. Aurelius Cotta and L. Manlius was afraid to wait for the assistance of Corbulo,
Torquatus, and condemned. Their election was and purchased peace from the Parthians on the
accordingly declared void : and their accusers most disgraceful terms. In consequence of this
were chosen consuls in their stead. Enraged at conduct Paetus was deprived of his command and
his disappointment Paetus conspired with Cati. expected severe punishment on his return to
line to murder the consuls Cotta and Torquatus ; Rome, but Nero dismissed him uninjured with a
and this design is said to have been frustrated few insulting words (Tac. Ann. xv. 6, 8—15,
solely by the impatience of Catiline, who gave 17, 25 ; Dion Cass. lxii. 21, 22 ; Suet. Ner. 39. )
the signal prematurely before the whole of the After the accession of Vespasian, Caesenninis
conspirators had assembled. (Sall. Cat. 18; Dion Paetus was appointed governor of Syria, and
Cass. xxxvi. 27; Ascon. in Cornel. p. 74, ed. deprived Antiochus IV. , king of Commagene, of
Orelli ; Suet. Caes. 9; Liv. Epit. 101. ) [Cati- his kingdom. (Joseph. B. J. vii. 7. ) [See Vol. I.
LINA, p. 629, b. ] Paetus afterwards took an p. 194, b. ]
active part in the Catilinarian conspiracy, which The name of Caesennius Paetus, proconsul,
broke out in Cicero's consulship. After the sup- occurs on the coins of Ephesus and Smyrna
pression of the conspiracy Paetus was brought to struck in the reign of Domitian. This Caesennius
trial for the share he had had in it; he entreated Paetus may have been a son of the preceding
Cicero with many tears to undertake his defence, Paetus ; for Tacitus makes mention of one of his
pleading their early friendship, and their having sons who was with his father in Armenia (Ann.
been colleagues in the quaestorship, but this the xv. 10), and also of a son, apparently a different
orator refused (Cic. pro Sull. 6), and all his one, who was serving as tribune of the soldiers
former friends in like manner withdrew from him under Corbulo (Ann. xv, 28).
their support. He was accordingly condemned, PAETUS, L. CASTRI'NIUS, mentioned by
and went into exile at Epeirus, where he was Caelius in a letter to Cicero (ad Fam. viii. 2) in
living when Cicero himself went into banishment B. c. 51, may perhaps be the same person as the
in B. C. 58. Cicero was then much alarmed lest L. Castronius Paetus, the leading man in the
Paetus should make an attempt upon his life (Sall. municipium of Luca, whom Cicero recommended to
Cat. 17, 47; Dion Cass. xxxvii. 25; Cic. pro Brutus in B. C. 46 (ad Fam. xiii. 13).
Sull. passim ; Cic. ad Att. iii. 2, 7.
) Autronius PAETUS, C. CONSI'DIUS, known only
Paetus has a place in the list of orators in the from coins, a specimen of which is annexed. The
Brutus of Cicero, who however dismisses him with obverse represents the head of Venus, and the
the character, “ voce peracuta, atque magna, nec reverse a sella curulis.
alia re ulla probabilis" (c. 68).
2. P. AUTRONIUS Pastus, consul suffectus
B. C. 33 in place of Angustus, who resigned his
BIVŠ
office immediately after entering upon it on the
Kalends of January. (Fasti ; Appian, Iliyr. 28 ;
comp. Dion Cass. xlix. 43 ; Suet. Aug. 26. )
3. L. AUTRONIUS L. F. L. N. PAETUS is
FALTV3
stated in the Capitoline Fasti to have obtained
a triumph as proconsul from Africa in the month
of August, B. C. 29.
PAETUS, CAECINA. [CAECINA, No. 5. )
PAETUS, C. CAESE'NNIUS, sometimes PAETUS, L. PAPI'RIUS, a friend of Cicero,
called CAESO'NIUS, was consul A. D. 61 with to whom the latter has addressed several letters
C. Petronius Turpilianus. He was sent by Nero (ad Fam. ix. 15-26). From these letters it
in A. D. 63 to the assistance of Domitius Corbulo appears that Papirius Paetus belonged to the
(CORBULO), in order to defend Arinenia against Epicurean school, and that he was a man of
the attacks of Vologeses, king of Parthia. Arro- learning and intelligence. He is mentioned once
gant by nature, and confident of success, he or twice in Cicero's letters to Atticus (ad Atl. i. 20.
thought himself superior to the veteran Corbulo, $ 7, ii. 1. § 12).
and crossed the Taurus, boldly asserting that he PAETUS THRA'SEA. (THRASBA. ]
would recover Tigranocerta, which Corbulo had PAETUS, VALERIA'NUS, put to death by
been obliged to leave to its fate. This, however, Elagabalus. (Dion Cass. lxxix. 4. )
he was unable to accomplish ; but he took a few PAGASAEUS (Ilayacaios), i. e. the Pagasean,
fortified places, acquired some booty, and then, as from Pegasus, or Pegasae, a town in Thessaly, is a
the year was far advanced, led back his army into surname of Apollo, who there had a sanctuary said
winter-quarters, and sent to Nero a magnificent to have been built by Trophonius (Hes. Scut. Herc.
account of his exploits. But as Vologeses shortly 70, with the Schol. ), and of lason, because the
after appeared with a large force, Paetus marched ship Argo was said to have been built at Pagasus.
forth against him (according to Dion Cassius, (ov. Met. vii. ), Her. xvi. 345. ) [L. S. ]
with the view of relieving Tigranocerta), but after PAGONDAS (Παγώνδας). 1. A native of
losing a few troops he hastily withdrew across Thebes who gained the victory in the chariot-
mount Taurus, leaving 3000 soldiers to defend the race with entire horses, in the twenty-fifth
passes of the mountain. These troops, however, Olympind, on which occasion that species of con-
COIN OF C. CONSIDIUS PAETUS.
3
63
## p. 86 (#102) #############################################
86
PALAEOLOGUS.
PALAEOLOGU'S.
test was introduced for the first time. (Paus. v. 8. compass of the present work ; and we can only
$ 7. )
mention the leading Palaeologi spoken of in
2. The father of Pindar, according to Eustathius Byzantine history. A full account of all of them
(Prooem. Comment. Pind. ).
is given by Du Cange, where all the authorities
3. A native of Thebes, the son of Aeoladas. for the following particulars are collected (Familiae
He was one of the Boeotarchs in the year B. C. 424, Byzantinae, pp. 230—318).
when the Athenian expedition to Delium took 1. NICEPHORUS PALAEOLOGU's, with the title
place. After the fortification of Delium the Athe- of Hypertimus, was a faithful servant of the
nian troops received orders to return, and the emperor Nicephorus III. Botaniates (A. D. 1078
light troops proceeded without stopping to Attica. -1081), and was rewarded by him with the
The heavy-armed infantry halted a short distance government of Mesopotamia He perished in
from Delium to wait for the Athenian general battle in the reign of his successor Alexius I.
Hippocrates. Meantime the Boeotian forces bad Comnenus, while defending Dyrrhachium (Du-
assembled at Tanagra. Most of the Boeotarchs razzo) against the Normans, a. D. 1081.
were unwilling to attack the Athenians. But 2. GEORGIUS PALAEOLOGUS, the son of the
Pagondas, who was one of the two Theban Boeo preceding, was celebrated for his military abilities,
tarchs, and was commander-in-chief of the Boeotian and served with his father under the emperors
forces, wishing that the chance of a battle should Nicephorus III. and Alexius I. He married
be tried, by an appeal to the several divisions of Irene, the daughter of the Protovestiarius Andro-
the army persuaded the troops to adopt his views. nicus Ducas.
His harangue is reported by Thucydides (iv. 92). 3. MICHAEL PALAEOLOGU'S, with the title of
The day being far advanced, he led the main body Sebastus, probably a son of No. 2, was banished
of his troops at full speed to meet the Athenians, by Calo-Joannes or Joannes II. Comnenus, the
despatching one portion to keep in check the successor of Alexius I. Comnenus (A. D. 1118–
cavalry stationed by Hippocrates at Delium ; and, 1143), but was recalled from banishment by
having reached a spot where he was only sepa- Manuel I. Comnenus, the successor of Cala
rated by a hill from the enemy, he drew up his Joannes. He commanded the Greek forces in
army in battle array, and reached the summit of southern Italy, and carried on war with success
the ridge when the Athenian line was scarcely against William, king of Sicily, but died in 1155,
formed. As the Boeotian troops halted to take in the middle of his conquesis, at the town of
breath Pagondas again harangued them. The Bari, which he had taken a short time before.
Theban division, which was twenty-five deep, bore 4. GEORGIUS PALAEOLOGU'S, with the title of
down all opposition, and the appearance of two Sebastus, a contemporary of No. 3, was employed
squadrons of Boeotian cavalry, which Pagondas by Manuel I. Comnenus in many important em-
had sent round the back of the hill to support his bassies. He is supposed by Du Cange to be the
left wing, threw the Athenians into complete con- same as the Georgius Palaeologus, who took part
fusion, and the rout became general. Seventeen in the conspiracy by which Isaac II. Angelus was
days after the battle the fortress at Delium dethroned, and Alexius III. Angelus raised to the
was also taken. (Thuc. iv. 91-96; Athen. v. p. I crown in 1195, and who was killed in the storming
215, f. )
of Crizimon in 1199.
4. A man of the name of Pagondas is spoken of 5. NicephorUS PALABOLOGUS, gorernor of
by Theodoretus (de Cur. Affect. Graec. lib. ix. ), as a Trapezus, about a. D. 1179.
legislator among the Achaeans. But as nothing 6. ANDRONICUS PALAEOLOGUS, married the
further is known of him, and Pagondas is a name eldest daughter of the emperor Theodorus Lascaris.
that does not elsewhere appear in use among the 7. ALEXIUS PALAEOLOG US, married Irene, the
Achaeans, all those bearing the name of whom eldest daughter of Alexius III. Angelus, and was
we have any certain knowledge being Boeotians, destined by this emperor as his successor, but he
it has been conjectured with some probability died shortly before the arrival of the Crusaders at
that the name Pagondas in the passage of Theo- Constantinople.
doretus has been substituted through some mis- 8. ANDRONICUS PALAEOLOGUS, the ancestor of
take for Charondas. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. ii. the imperial family of the Palaeologi, was Magnus
(C. P. M. ] Domesticus under the emperors Theodorus Las-
PALAEOʻLOGUS (Talaiolóyos), the name of caris and Joannes III. Vatatzes. He assumed
an illustrious Byzantine family, of which there are the surname of Comnenus, which was borne like
said to have been descendants still existing in the wise by his descendants. He married Irene
17th century (Du Cange, Familiae Byzantinae, p. Palaeologina, the daughter of Alexius Palaeologus
255). This family is first mentioned in the eleventh (No. 7), and the grand-daughter of the emperor
century (see below No. 1], and from that time down Alexius III. His children being thus descended,
to the downfall of the Byzantine empire the name both on their father's and mother's side, from the
constantly occurs. It was the last Greek family Palaeologi are called by Georgius Phranzes (i. 1)
that sat upon the throne of Constantinople, and it SA Notalalodóyou. The following stemma, which
reigned uninterruptedly from the year 1260 to has been drawn up by Wilken (in Ersch and
1453, when Constantinople was taken by the Gruber's Encyklopädie, art. Paläologen) from Du
Turks, and the last emperor of the family fell Cange's work, exhibits all the descendants of this
while bravely defending his capital. A branch of Andronicus Palaeologus. The lives of all the
this family ruled over Montſerrat in Italy from emperors are given in separate articles, and the
A. D. 1305 to 1530, Theodorus Comnenus Palaeo- other persons are not of sufficient importance to
logus, the son of Andronicus II. , taking possession require a distinct notice. Of course, all the
of the principality in virtue of the will of John of persons on this stemma bore the name of Palaeo-
Montferran, who died without children. This logus, but it is omitted here in order to save
branch of the family does not fall within the space.
p. 36. )
## p. 87 (#103) #############################################
PALAFOLOGUS.
PALAEOLOGUS.
STEMMA PALAEOLOGORUM.
Andronicus Palacologus Comnenus,
Magnus Domesticus ;
married
Irene Palacologina.
Joannes,
Two daughters.
MICHAEL VIII. ,
en jetu! 1960-1982;
m. Theodora,
Constantinus
Sebastocrator,
Manus Domesticus.
Theodorus,
despoles.
