] rissch, to whom
Socrates
refused to place himself
## p.
## p.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - b
1.
An Illyrian prin- piodorus; but all her efforts were unavailing, and
cess, wife of Amyntas II. , king of Macedonia, and Antipater was appointed regent and guardian of
mother of the famous Philip. According to Justin the king. (Arrian, ap. Phot. p. 71; Diod. xviii.
(vii, 4, 5), she engaged in a conspiracy with a 39. ) She was now compelled to remain quiet, and
paramour against the life of her husband ; but accompanied her husband and Antipater to Europe.
though the plot was detected, she was spared by But the death of Antipater in 319, the more feeble
Amyntas out of regard to their common offspring. character of Polysperchon, who succeeded him as
After the death of the latter (B. C. 369), his eldest regent, and the failure of his enterprises in Greece,
son, Alexander, who succeeded him on the throne, and above all, the favourable disposition he evinced
was murdered after a short reign by Ptolemy towards Olympias, determined her again to take
Alorites, and it seems probable that Eurydice was an active part: she concluded an alliance with
concerned in this plot also. From a comparison of Cassander, and, as he was wholly occupied with
the statements of Justin (vii. 5) and Diodorus (xv. the affairs of Greece, she herself assembled an army
71, 77, xvi. 2), it would appear that Ptolemy was and took the field in person. Polysperchon ad-
the paramour at whose instigation Eurydice had vanced against her from Epeirus, accompanied by
attempted the life of her husband; and she cer- Aeacides, the king of that country, and Olympias,
tainly seems to have made common cause with him as well as by Roxana and her infant son. But
after the assassination of her son. (Thirlwall's the presence of Olympias was alone sufficient to
Greece, vol v. p. 164. ) But the appearance of decide the contest : the Macedonian troops refused
A 553;
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## p. 110 (#126) ############################################
110
EURYLEON.
EURYLOCHUS.
1
to fight against the mother of Alexander, and went EURY'LEON (Eupuréwv. ) 1. One of the com.
over to her side. Eurydice fled from the field of panions of Dorieus, with whom he went out to esta-
battle to Amphipolis, but was seized and made blish a colony, Heracleia in Sicily. Nearly all the
prisoner. She was at first confined, together with Spartan colonists, however, were slain by the Car.
her husband, in a narrow dungeon, and scantily thaginians and Egestaeans. Euryleon was the only
supplied with food; but soon Olympias, becoming one of the leaders who escaped: he gathered the
alarmed at the compassion excited among the remnants of the Lacedaemonians and took possession
Macedonians, determined to get rid of her rival, of Minoa, a colony of Selinus, and assisted the Se
and sent the young queen in her prison a sword, á linuntians in getting rid of their tyrant Peithagoras
rope, and a cup of hemlock, with orders to choose (Herod. v. 46 ; comp. DORIBUS. )
her mode of death. The spirit of Eurydice re- 2. A commander of the Lacedaemonians in their
mained unbroken to the last ; she still breathed first war against the Messe aians. He was of The
defiance to Olympias, and prayed that she might ban extraction, and a descendant of Cadmus. (Paus.
soon be requited with the like gifts; then, having iv. 7. $ 3. )
(L. S. )
paid as well as she could the last duties to her EURY'LOCHUS (Eupúxoxos), one of the com-
husband, she put an end to her own life by hang- panions of Odysseus in his wanderings. He was
ing, without giving way to a tear or word of the only one that escaped from the house of Circe,
lamentation. (Diod. xix. 11; Justin, xiv. 5; while his friends were metamorphosed into swine ;
Athen. xiii. p. 500, f. ; Aelian, V. H. xiii. 36. ) and when Odysseus went to the lower world, Eu-
Her body was afterwards removed by Cassander, rylochus and Perimedes performed the prescribed
and interred, together with that of her husband, sacrifices. It was on his advice that the com-
with royal pomp at Aegae. (Diod. xix. 52; panions of Odysseus carried of some of the oxen
Athen. iv. p. 155, a. )
of Helios. (Hom. Od. 1. 203, &c. , xi. 23, &c. ,
4. Daughter of Antipater, and wife of Ptolemy, xii. 339, &c. ) Another personage of the same name
the son of Lagus. The period of her marriage is is mentioned among the sons of Aegyptus. (Apol.
not mentioned by any ancient writer, but it is pro lod. ii. 1. $ 5. )
(L. S. )
bable that it took place shortly after the partition EURY'LOCHUS (Evpúxoxos), a Spartan con-
of Triparadeisus, and the appointment of Antipater mander, in the sixth year of the Peloponnesian
to the regency, B. c. 321. (See Droysen, Gesch. d. war, B. c. 426, was sent with 3000 heavy-armed
Nachfolger, p. 154. ) She was the mother of three of the allies, at the request of the Aetolians to act
sons, viz. Ptolemy' Ceraunus, Meleager, who suc- with them against the Messenians of Naupactus,
ceeded his brother on the throne of Macedonia, and where Demosthenes, whom they had recently de-
a third (whose name is not mentioned), put to feated, was still remaining, but without any force.
death by Ptolemy Philadelphus (Paus. i. 7. $ 1); Eurylochus assembled his troops at Delphi, re-
and of two daughters, Ptolemaïs, afterwards mar- ceived the submission of the Ozolian Locrians, and
ried to Demetrius Poliorcetes (Plut. Demetr. 32, advanced through their country into the district of
46), and Lysandra, the wife of Agathocles, son of Naupactus. The town itself was saved by Acar-
Lysimachus. (Paus. i. 9. 6. ) It appears, how- nanian succours obtained by Demosthenes, on the
ever, that Ptolemy, who, like all the other Greek introduction of which, Eurylochus retired, but
princes of his day, allowed himself to have several took up his quarters among his neighbouring allies
wives at once, latterly neglected her for Berenice with a covert design in concert with the Ambra-
(Plut. Pyrrh. 4); and it was probably from resent- ciots against the Amphilochian Argives, and Acar
ment on this account, and for the preference shewn nanians. After waiting the requisite time he set his
to the children of Berenice, that she withdrew from army in motion from Proschium, and, by a well-
the court of Egypt. In 287 we find her re- chosen line of march contriving to elude the Am-
siding at Miletus, where she welcomed Demetrius philochians and their allies, who were stationed to
Poliorcetes, and gave him her daughter Ptolemaïs oppose him, effected a junction with his friends at
in marriage, at a time when such a step could not but Olpae. Here, on the sixth day following, the
be highly offensive to Ptolemy. (Plut. Demetr. 46. ) enemy, under Demosthenes, attacked him. Eury.
5. An Athenian, of a family descended from the lochus took the right wing opposed to Demosthenes
great Miltiades. (Plut. Demetr. 14; Diod. xx. 40. ) with the Messenians and a few Athenians ; and
She was first married to Ophellas, the conqueror of here, when already taking them on the flank, be
Cyrene, and after his death returned to Athens, was surprised by the assault of an ambuscade in
where she married Demetrius Poliorcetes, on oc- his rear ; his troops were routed, himself slain, and
casion of his first visit to that city. (Plut. Demetr. the whole army in consequence defeated. (Thuc.
14. ) She is said to have had by him a son called iii. 100—102, 105–109. ) [A. H. C. )
Corrhabus. (Id. 53. )
EURY'LOCHUS (Eupúxoxos). 1. A native
6. A daughter of Lysimachus, king of Thrace, of Lusiae in Arcadia, whose name is frequently
who gave her in marriage to Antipater, son of mentioned by Xenophon in the Anabasis. On one
Cassander, king of Macedonia, when the latter occasion, when the army was marching through
invoked his assistance against his brother Alexan- the territory of the Carduchii, he protected Xeno-
. der. (Justin, xvi. 1; Euseb. Arm. p. 155. ) After phon, whose shield-bearer had deserted him. He
the murder of Antipater (see vol. i. p. 202, a. ), she was one of the deputies sent by the army to
was condemned by her father to perpetual im- Anaxibius. Afterwards we find him counselling
prisonment. (Justin, xvi. 2. )
his comrades to extort from Seuthes the pay which
7. The sister and wife of Ptolemy Philopator is he owed them. (Xen. Anab. iv. 2. $ 21, 7. $ 11,
called by Justin (xxx. 1) Eurydice, but her real vii. 1. $ 32. 6. & 40. )
name was Arsinoë. [ARSINOE, No. 5. ) [E. H. B. ) 2. A sceptical philosopher, a disciple of Pyrrho,
EURY'LEON (Eủpunéwv), is said to have been mentioned by Diogenes Laërtius (ix. 68). The
the original name of Ascanius. (Dionys. i. 70; Ap- same writer mentions another Eurylochus of La-
pian, de Reg. Rom. i. )
[L. S.
] rissch, to whom Socrates refused to place himself
## p. 111 (#127) ############################################
EURYMEDON.
Apolo
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$ to at
BPKR
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Dy face.
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EURYMEDON.
111
under obligation by accepting money from him, or At the end of this campaign, he was appointed
going to his house (ii. 25). (C. P. M. ] one of the commanders of the large reinforcements
EURY'MACHÙS (Eúpúuaxos), the name of destined for Sicily, and early in B. c. 425 set sail
four mythical personages, viz. one of the suitors of with forty ships, accompanied by his colleague
Hippodameia (Paus. vi. 21. § 6), a prince of the Sophocles, and by Demosthenes also, in a private
Phlegyes who attacked and destroyed Thebes after capacity, though allowed to use the ships for any
the death of Amphion and Zethus (Eustath. ad purpose he pleased on the coast of Peloponnesus.
Ilom. p. 933), a son of Theano (Paus. x. 27), and They were ordered to touch at Corcyra on their
one of the suitors of Penelope. (Hom. Od. i. 399, way, and information of the arrival there of a Pe-
&c. , xxii. 88. )
(L. S. ] loponnesian squadron made the commanders so
EURY'MACHUS (Eupúpaxos), grandson of anxious to hasten thither, that it was against their
another Eurymachus and son of Leontiades, the will, and only by the accident of stormy weather,
Theban commander at Thermopylae, who led his that Demosthenes contrived to execute his project
men over to Xerxes. Herodotus in his account of of fortifying Pylos. (DEMOSTHENES. ] This how-
the father's conduct relates, that the son in after ever, once completed, had the effect of recalling
time was killed by the Plataeans, when at the the enemy from Corcyra : their sixty ships passed
head of four hundred men and occupying their unnoticed by Eurymedon and Sophocles, then in
city. (Herod. vii. 233. ) This is, no doubt, the Zacynthus, and made their way to Pylos, whither
same event which Thucydides (i. 1–7) records on intelligence from Demosthenes, the Athenian
as the first overt act of the Peloponnesian war, squadron presently pursued them. Here they ap-
B. C. 431. The number of men was by his account pear to have remained till the capture of the Spar-
only a little more than three hundred, nor was Eury- tans in the island ; and after this, proceeded to
machus the actual commander, but the enterprise Corcyra to execute their original commission of
had been negotiated by parties in Plataea through reducing the oligarchical exiles, by whose warfare
him, and the conduct of would therefore no from the hill Istone the city was suffering severely.
doubt be entrusted very much to him. The In this they succeeded : the exiles were driven
fanıily was clearly one of the great aristocratical from their fortifications, and surrendered on condi-
houses. Thucydides (ii. 2) calls Eurymachus " a tion of being judged at Athens, and remaining, till
man of the greatest power in Thebes. " (A. H. C. ] removal thither, in Athenian custody; while, on
EURYME'DE (Eúpuuton), the name of two the other hand, by any attempt to escape they
mythical personages. [GLAUCUS ; MELEAGER. ] should be considered to forfeit all terms. Into
EURY'MEDON (Eupvuébwr). 1. A Cabeirus, such an attempt they were treacherously inveigled
a son of Hephaestus and Cabeiro, and a brother of by their countrymen, and banded over in conse-
Alcon. (Nonn. Dionys. xiv. 22; Cic. de Nat. quence by the Athenian generals to a certain and
Deor. üi. 21. )
cruel death at the hands of their betrayers. This
2. One of the attendants of Nestor. (Hom. Il. shameful proceeding was encouraged, so Thucy-
viï. 114, xi. 620. )
dides expressly states, by the evident reluctance of
3. A son of Ptolemaeus, and charioteer of Aga- Eurymedon and Sophocles to allow other hands
memnon ; his
tomb was shewn at Mycenae. (Hom. than their own to present their prizes at Athens,
II. iv. 228; Paus. ii. 16. & 5. ) There are two while they should be away in Sicily. To Sicily
more mythical personages of this name. (Hom. Od. they now proceeded; but their movements were
vii. 58 ; Apollod. iii. 1. & 2. ) Eurymedon signifies a presently put an end to by the general pacification
being ruling far and wide, and occurs as a surname effected under the influence of Hermocrates, to
of several divinities, such as Poseidon (Pind. 01. which the Athenian commanders themselves, with
viii. 31), Perseus (Apollon. Rhod. iv. 1514), and their allies, were induced to accede. For this, on
Hermes. (Hesych. s. v. )
(L. S. ) their return to Athens, the people, ascribing the
EURY'MEDON (Eúpuuébwr), a son of Thucles, defeat of their ambitious schemes to corruption in
an Athenian general in the Peloponnesian war, their officers, condemned two of them to banish-
held in its fifth year, B. C. 428, the command of ment, visiting Eurymedon, who perhaps had shown
sixty ships, which the Athenians, on hearing of more reluctance than his colleagues, with the milder
the intestine troubles of Corcyra, and the move punishment of a fine. (Thuc. iii. 115, iv. 2—8,
ment of the Peloponnesian fleet under Alcidas and 13, 46–48, 65. )
Brasidas to take advantage of them, hastily de- Eurymedon is not known to have held any other
spatched to maintain their interest there. This, it command till his appointment at the end of B. C.
was found, had already been secured by Nicostra- 414, in conjunction with Demosthenes, to the com-
tus with a small squadron from Naupactus. Eury- mand of the second Syracusan armament. He
medon, however, took the chief command ; and the himself was sent at once, after the receipt of Ni-
seven days of his stay at Corcyra were marked by cias's letter, about mid-winter, with a supply of
the wildest cruelties inflicted by the commons on money and the news of the intended reinforcements :
their political opponents. These were no doubt in the spring he returned to meet Demosthenes at
encouraged by the presence of so large an Athenian Zacynthus. Their subsequent joint proceedings
force : how far they were personally sanctioned, or belong rather to the story of his more able col-
how far they could have been checked by Eury- league. In the night attack on Epipolae he took
medon, can hardly be determined. (Thuc. ij. 80, a share, and united with Demosthenes in the sub-
81, 85. )
sequent representations to Nicias of the necessity
In the following summer he was united with for instant departure. His career was ended in
Hipponicus in command of the whole Athenian the first of the two sea-fights. His command was
force by land, and, co-operating with a fleet under on the right wing, and while endeavouring by
Nicias, ravaged the district of Tanagra, and ob- the extension of his line to outflank the enemy, he
tained sufficient success over some Thebans and was, by the defeat of the Athenian centre, cut off
Tanagraeans to justify a trophy. (Thuc. iii. 91. ) and surrounded in the recess of the harbour, his
by Ann
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## p. 112 (#128) ############################################
112
EURYPHON.
EURYPYLUS.
name,
1
ships captured, and himself slain. Diodorus, writ- | VI. " i. 29. vol. xvii. pt. i. p. 886, where for idlaus
ing perhaps from Ephorus, rclates, that Agatharchus we should read Kvidiais), and also that some persons
was the Syracusan general opposed to him, and attributed to him several works included in the
represents the defeat as having begun with Eury- Hippocratic Collection (Comment. in Hippocr. “ De
medon's division, and thence extended to the cen- Humor. " i. prooem. vol. xvi. p. 3), viz. those enti-
tre. (Thuc. vii. 16, 31, 33, 42, 43, 49, 52 ; Diod. tled Nepl aiairns 'Tylerñs, de Salubri Victus Ra-
xiji. 8, 11, 13; Plut. Nicias, 20, 24. ) [A. H. C. ) tione (Comment. in Hippocr. “ De Rat. Vict. in
EURY'MEDON (Eúpuuédwv. ) 1. Of Myr- Morb. Acut. " i. 17. vol. xv. p. 455), and nepł
rhinus, a friend of Plato, who, in his will, appointed Alaltos, de Victus Ratione. (De Aliment. Facult.
him one of his executors. (Diog. Laërt. iii. 42, 43. ) i. 1. vol. vi. p. 473. ) He may perhaps be the au-
2. Of Tarentum, a Pythagorean philosopher men- thor of the second book Nepi Noúowv, De Morlis,
tioned by lamblichus. (Vit
. Pyth.
cess, wife of Amyntas II. , king of Macedonia, and Antipater was appointed regent and guardian of
mother of the famous Philip. According to Justin the king. (Arrian, ap. Phot. p. 71; Diod. xviii.
(vii, 4, 5), she engaged in a conspiracy with a 39. ) She was now compelled to remain quiet, and
paramour against the life of her husband ; but accompanied her husband and Antipater to Europe.
though the plot was detected, she was spared by But the death of Antipater in 319, the more feeble
Amyntas out of regard to their common offspring. character of Polysperchon, who succeeded him as
After the death of the latter (B. C. 369), his eldest regent, and the failure of his enterprises in Greece,
son, Alexander, who succeeded him on the throne, and above all, the favourable disposition he evinced
was murdered after a short reign by Ptolemy towards Olympias, determined her again to take
Alorites, and it seems probable that Eurydice was an active part: she concluded an alliance with
concerned in this plot also. From a comparison of Cassander, and, as he was wholly occupied with
the statements of Justin (vii. 5) and Diodorus (xv. the affairs of Greece, she herself assembled an army
71, 77, xvi. 2), it would appear that Ptolemy was and took the field in person. Polysperchon ad-
the paramour at whose instigation Eurydice had vanced against her from Epeirus, accompanied by
attempted the life of her husband; and she cer- Aeacides, the king of that country, and Olympias,
tainly seems to have made common cause with him as well as by Roxana and her infant son. But
after the assassination of her son. (Thirlwall's the presence of Olympias was alone sufficient to
Greece, vol v. p. 164. ) But the appearance of decide the contest : the Macedonian troops refused
A 553;
chini
? . M]
f Pontes
leite
ಬೆಲ್ಲ 33;
er esthi
[LS]
]
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bazas and
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i by Laertes
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pogh beras
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against the
42, &c, rit.
(LS
an ALLERİ
Micion, porta
e which they
$ under their
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to gain, espect
Естрі
. Ран
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at Coriath, and
## p. 110 (#126) ############################################
110
EURYLEON.
EURYLOCHUS.
1
to fight against the mother of Alexander, and went EURY'LEON (Eupuréwv. ) 1. One of the com.
over to her side. Eurydice fled from the field of panions of Dorieus, with whom he went out to esta-
battle to Amphipolis, but was seized and made blish a colony, Heracleia in Sicily. Nearly all the
prisoner. She was at first confined, together with Spartan colonists, however, were slain by the Car.
her husband, in a narrow dungeon, and scantily thaginians and Egestaeans. Euryleon was the only
supplied with food; but soon Olympias, becoming one of the leaders who escaped: he gathered the
alarmed at the compassion excited among the remnants of the Lacedaemonians and took possession
Macedonians, determined to get rid of her rival, of Minoa, a colony of Selinus, and assisted the Se
and sent the young queen in her prison a sword, á linuntians in getting rid of their tyrant Peithagoras
rope, and a cup of hemlock, with orders to choose (Herod. v. 46 ; comp. DORIBUS. )
her mode of death. The spirit of Eurydice re- 2. A commander of the Lacedaemonians in their
mained unbroken to the last ; she still breathed first war against the Messe aians. He was of The
defiance to Olympias, and prayed that she might ban extraction, and a descendant of Cadmus. (Paus.
soon be requited with the like gifts; then, having iv. 7. $ 3. )
(L. S. )
paid as well as she could the last duties to her EURY'LOCHUS (Eupúxoxos), one of the com-
husband, she put an end to her own life by hang- panions of Odysseus in his wanderings. He was
ing, without giving way to a tear or word of the only one that escaped from the house of Circe,
lamentation. (Diod. xix. 11; Justin, xiv. 5; while his friends were metamorphosed into swine ;
Athen. xiii. p. 500, f. ; Aelian, V. H. xiii. 36. ) and when Odysseus went to the lower world, Eu-
Her body was afterwards removed by Cassander, rylochus and Perimedes performed the prescribed
and interred, together with that of her husband, sacrifices. It was on his advice that the com-
with royal pomp at Aegae. (Diod. xix. 52; panions of Odysseus carried of some of the oxen
Athen. iv. p. 155, a. )
of Helios. (Hom. Od. 1. 203, &c. , xi. 23, &c. ,
4. Daughter of Antipater, and wife of Ptolemy, xii. 339, &c. ) Another personage of the same name
the son of Lagus. The period of her marriage is is mentioned among the sons of Aegyptus. (Apol.
not mentioned by any ancient writer, but it is pro lod. ii. 1. $ 5. )
(L. S. )
bable that it took place shortly after the partition EURY'LOCHUS (Evpúxoxos), a Spartan con-
of Triparadeisus, and the appointment of Antipater mander, in the sixth year of the Peloponnesian
to the regency, B. c. 321. (See Droysen, Gesch. d. war, B. c. 426, was sent with 3000 heavy-armed
Nachfolger, p. 154. ) She was the mother of three of the allies, at the request of the Aetolians to act
sons, viz. Ptolemy' Ceraunus, Meleager, who suc- with them against the Messenians of Naupactus,
ceeded his brother on the throne of Macedonia, and where Demosthenes, whom they had recently de-
a third (whose name is not mentioned), put to feated, was still remaining, but without any force.
death by Ptolemy Philadelphus (Paus. i. 7. $ 1); Eurylochus assembled his troops at Delphi, re-
and of two daughters, Ptolemaïs, afterwards mar- ceived the submission of the Ozolian Locrians, and
ried to Demetrius Poliorcetes (Plut. Demetr. 32, advanced through their country into the district of
46), and Lysandra, the wife of Agathocles, son of Naupactus. The town itself was saved by Acar-
Lysimachus. (Paus. i. 9. 6. ) It appears, how- nanian succours obtained by Demosthenes, on the
ever, that Ptolemy, who, like all the other Greek introduction of which, Eurylochus retired, but
princes of his day, allowed himself to have several took up his quarters among his neighbouring allies
wives at once, latterly neglected her for Berenice with a covert design in concert with the Ambra-
(Plut. Pyrrh. 4); and it was probably from resent- ciots against the Amphilochian Argives, and Acar
ment on this account, and for the preference shewn nanians. After waiting the requisite time he set his
to the children of Berenice, that she withdrew from army in motion from Proschium, and, by a well-
the court of Egypt. In 287 we find her re- chosen line of march contriving to elude the Am-
siding at Miletus, where she welcomed Demetrius philochians and their allies, who were stationed to
Poliorcetes, and gave him her daughter Ptolemaïs oppose him, effected a junction with his friends at
in marriage, at a time when such a step could not but Olpae. Here, on the sixth day following, the
be highly offensive to Ptolemy. (Plut. Demetr. 46. ) enemy, under Demosthenes, attacked him. Eury.
5. An Athenian, of a family descended from the lochus took the right wing opposed to Demosthenes
great Miltiades. (Plut. Demetr. 14; Diod. xx. 40. ) with the Messenians and a few Athenians ; and
She was first married to Ophellas, the conqueror of here, when already taking them on the flank, be
Cyrene, and after his death returned to Athens, was surprised by the assault of an ambuscade in
where she married Demetrius Poliorcetes, on oc- his rear ; his troops were routed, himself slain, and
casion of his first visit to that city. (Plut. Demetr. the whole army in consequence defeated. (Thuc.
14. ) She is said to have had by him a son called iii. 100—102, 105–109. ) [A. H. C. )
Corrhabus. (Id. 53. )
EURY'LOCHUS (Eupúxoxos). 1. A native
6. A daughter of Lysimachus, king of Thrace, of Lusiae in Arcadia, whose name is frequently
who gave her in marriage to Antipater, son of mentioned by Xenophon in the Anabasis. On one
Cassander, king of Macedonia, when the latter occasion, when the army was marching through
invoked his assistance against his brother Alexan- the territory of the Carduchii, he protected Xeno-
. der. (Justin, xvi. 1; Euseb. Arm. p. 155. ) After phon, whose shield-bearer had deserted him. He
the murder of Antipater (see vol. i. p. 202, a. ), she was one of the deputies sent by the army to
was condemned by her father to perpetual im- Anaxibius. Afterwards we find him counselling
prisonment. (Justin, xvi. 2. )
his comrades to extort from Seuthes the pay which
7. The sister and wife of Ptolemy Philopator is he owed them. (Xen. Anab. iv. 2. $ 21, 7. $ 11,
called by Justin (xxx. 1) Eurydice, but her real vii. 1. $ 32. 6. & 40. )
name was Arsinoë. [ARSINOE, No. 5. ) [E. H. B. ) 2. A sceptical philosopher, a disciple of Pyrrho,
EURY'LEON (Eủpunéwv), is said to have been mentioned by Diogenes Laërtius (ix. 68). The
the original name of Ascanius. (Dionys. i. 70; Ap- same writer mentions another Eurylochus of La-
pian, de Reg. Rom. i. )
[L. S.
] rissch, to whom Socrates refused to place himself
## p. 111 (#127) ############################################
EURYMEDON.
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EURYMEDON.
111
under obligation by accepting money from him, or At the end of this campaign, he was appointed
going to his house (ii. 25). (C. P. M. ] one of the commanders of the large reinforcements
EURY'MACHÙS (Eúpúuaxos), the name of destined for Sicily, and early in B. c. 425 set sail
four mythical personages, viz. one of the suitors of with forty ships, accompanied by his colleague
Hippodameia (Paus. vi. 21. § 6), a prince of the Sophocles, and by Demosthenes also, in a private
Phlegyes who attacked and destroyed Thebes after capacity, though allowed to use the ships for any
the death of Amphion and Zethus (Eustath. ad purpose he pleased on the coast of Peloponnesus.
Ilom. p. 933), a son of Theano (Paus. x. 27), and They were ordered to touch at Corcyra on their
one of the suitors of Penelope. (Hom. Od. i. 399, way, and information of the arrival there of a Pe-
&c. , xxii. 88. )
(L. S. ] loponnesian squadron made the commanders so
EURY'MACHUS (Eupúpaxos), grandson of anxious to hasten thither, that it was against their
another Eurymachus and son of Leontiades, the will, and only by the accident of stormy weather,
Theban commander at Thermopylae, who led his that Demosthenes contrived to execute his project
men over to Xerxes. Herodotus in his account of of fortifying Pylos. (DEMOSTHENES. ] This how-
the father's conduct relates, that the son in after ever, once completed, had the effect of recalling
time was killed by the Plataeans, when at the the enemy from Corcyra : their sixty ships passed
head of four hundred men and occupying their unnoticed by Eurymedon and Sophocles, then in
city. (Herod. vii. 233. ) This is, no doubt, the Zacynthus, and made their way to Pylos, whither
same event which Thucydides (i. 1–7) records on intelligence from Demosthenes, the Athenian
as the first overt act of the Peloponnesian war, squadron presently pursued them. Here they ap-
B. C. 431. The number of men was by his account pear to have remained till the capture of the Spar-
only a little more than three hundred, nor was Eury- tans in the island ; and after this, proceeded to
machus the actual commander, but the enterprise Corcyra to execute their original commission of
had been negotiated by parties in Plataea through reducing the oligarchical exiles, by whose warfare
him, and the conduct of would therefore no from the hill Istone the city was suffering severely.
doubt be entrusted very much to him. The In this they succeeded : the exiles were driven
fanıily was clearly one of the great aristocratical from their fortifications, and surrendered on condi-
houses. Thucydides (ii. 2) calls Eurymachus " a tion of being judged at Athens, and remaining, till
man of the greatest power in Thebes. " (A. H. C. ] removal thither, in Athenian custody; while, on
EURYME'DE (Eúpuuton), the name of two the other hand, by any attempt to escape they
mythical personages. [GLAUCUS ; MELEAGER. ] should be considered to forfeit all terms. Into
EURY'MEDON (Eupvuébwr). 1. A Cabeirus, such an attempt they were treacherously inveigled
a son of Hephaestus and Cabeiro, and a brother of by their countrymen, and banded over in conse-
Alcon. (Nonn. Dionys. xiv. 22; Cic. de Nat. quence by the Athenian generals to a certain and
Deor. üi. 21. )
cruel death at the hands of their betrayers. This
2. One of the attendants of Nestor. (Hom. Il. shameful proceeding was encouraged, so Thucy-
viï. 114, xi. 620. )
dides expressly states, by the evident reluctance of
3. A son of Ptolemaeus, and charioteer of Aga- Eurymedon and Sophocles to allow other hands
memnon ; his
tomb was shewn at Mycenae. (Hom. than their own to present their prizes at Athens,
II. iv. 228; Paus. ii. 16. & 5. ) There are two while they should be away in Sicily. To Sicily
more mythical personages of this name. (Hom. Od. they now proceeded; but their movements were
vii. 58 ; Apollod. iii. 1. & 2. ) Eurymedon signifies a presently put an end to by the general pacification
being ruling far and wide, and occurs as a surname effected under the influence of Hermocrates, to
of several divinities, such as Poseidon (Pind. 01. which the Athenian commanders themselves, with
viii. 31), Perseus (Apollon. Rhod. iv. 1514), and their allies, were induced to accede. For this, on
Hermes. (Hesych. s. v. )
(L. S. ) their return to Athens, the people, ascribing the
EURY'MEDON (Eúpuuébwr), a son of Thucles, defeat of their ambitious schemes to corruption in
an Athenian general in the Peloponnesian war, their officers, condemned two of them to banish-
held in its fifth year, B. C. 428, the command of ment, visiting Eurymedon, who perhaps had shown
sixty ships, which the Athenians, on hearing of more reluctance than his colleagues, with the milder
the intestine troubles of Corcyra, and the move punishment of a fine. (Thuc. iii. 115, iv. 2—8,
ment of the Peloponnesian fleet under Alcidas and 13, 46–48, 65. )
Brasidas to take advantage of them, hastily de- Eurymedon is not known to have held any other
spatched to maintain their interest there. This, it command till his appointment at the end of B. C.
was found, had already been secured by Nicostra- 414, in conjunction with Demosthenes, to the com-
tus with a small squadron from Naupactus. Eury- mand of the second Syracusan armament. He
medon, however, took the chief command ; and the himself was sent at once, after the receipt of Ni-
seven days of his stay at Corcyra were marked by cias's letter, about mid-winter, with a supply of
the wildest cruelties inflicted by the commons on money and the news of the intended reinforcements :
their political opponents. These were no doubt in the spring he returned to meet Demosthenes at
encouraged by the presence of so large an Athenian Zacynthus. Their subsequent joint proceedings
force : how far they were personally sanctioned, or belong rather to the story of his more able col-
how far they could have been checked by Eury- league. In the night attack on Epipolae he took
medon, can hardly be determined. (Thuc. ij. 80, a share, and united with Demosthenes in the sub-
81, 85. )
sequent representations to Nicias of the necessity
In the following summer he was united with for instant departure. His career was ended in
Hipponicus in command of the whole Athenian the first of the two sea-fights. His command was
force by land, and, co-operating with a fleet under on the right wing, and while endeavouring by
Nicias, ravaged the district of Tanagra, and ob- the extension of his line to outflank the enemy, he
tained sufficient success over some Thebans and was, by the defeat of the Athenian centre, cut off
Tanagraeans to justify a trophy. (Thuc. iii. 91. ) and surrounded in the recess of the harbour, his
by Ann
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## p. 112 (#128) ############################################
112
EURYPHON.
EURYPYLUS.
name,
1
ships captured, and himself slain. Diodorus, writ- | VI. " i. 29. vol. xvii. pt. i. p. 886, where for idlaus
ing perhaps from Ephorus, rclates, that Agatharchus we should read Kvidiais), and also that some persons
was the Syracusan general opposed to him, and attributed to him several works included in the
represents the defeat as having begun with Eury- Hippocratic Collection (Comment. in Hippocr. “ De
medon's division, and thence extended to the cen- Humor. " i. prooem. vol. xvi. p. 3), viz. those enti-
tre. (Thuc. vii. 16, 31, 33, 42, 43, 49, 52 ; Diod. tled Nepl aiairns 'Tylerñs, de Salubri Victus Ra-
xiji. 8, 11, 13; Plut. Nicias, 20, 24. ) [A. H. C. ) tione (Comment. in Hippocr. “ De Rat. Vict. in
EURY'MEDON (Eúpuuédwv. ) 1. Of Myr- Morb. Acut. " i. 17. vol. xv. p. 455), and nepł
rhinus, a friend of Plato, who, in his will, appointed Alaltos, de Victus Ratione. (De Aliment. Facult.
him one of his executors. (Diog. Laërt. iii. 42, 43. ) i. 1. vol. vi. p. 473. ) He may perhaps be the au-
2. Of Tarentum, a Pythagorean philosopher men- thor of the second book Nepi Noúowv, De Morlis,
tioned by lamblichus. (Vit
. Pyth.
