whose medical
formulae
one is quoted by Celsus Although this work bears the same title as the
(De Med.
(De Med.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - c
13; Curt.
Macedonian army, and vehemently accused by the viii. 6. & 9. )"
king himself, who asserted that Parmenion was 5. A Macedonian officer in the service of Aler-
likewise an accomplice in the medicated treason. ander the Great, who commanded one taxis or
No proof, however, of the guilt either of Philotas division of the phalanx during the advance into
or his father was brought forward, for Dimnus Sogdiana and India. (Arr. Anab. iii. 29, iv.
had put an end to his own life, and Nicomachus, 21. ) It seems probable that he is the same per-
who had originally revealed the existence of the son mentioned by Curtius (v. 2. & 5), as one of
conspiracy, had not mentioned the name of Phi- those rewarded by the king at Babylon (B. C. 331)
lotas among those supposed to be concerned in it. for their distinguished services. There is little
But in the following night a confession was wrung doubt also, that he is the same to whom the go-
from the unhappy Philotas by the torture, in vernment of Cilicia was assigned in the distribu-
which, though he at first denied any knowledge tion of the provinces after the death of Alexander,
of the plot of Dimnus, he admitted that he had B. C 323 (Arrian ap. Phot. p. 69, a ; Dexippus,
previously joined with his father in entertaining ibid. p. 64, a ; Curt. x. 10. $2; Justin. xii. 4;
treasonable designs against the king ; and ulti- Diod. xviii. 3 ; who, however, in a subsequent pas-
mately, overcome by the application of fresh tor- sage (ib. 12), appears to speak of him as holding
tures, he was brought to acknowledge his parti- the lesser Phrygia, which was in fact given to
cipation in the conspiracy of Dimnus also. On Leonnatus. See Droysen, Hellenism. vol
. i. p. 68,
the strength of this confession he was the next note). In B. c. 321, he was deprived of his go-
day again brought before the assembled troops, verument by Perdicccas and replaced by Philo-
## p. 330 (#346) ############################################
330
PHILOTHEUS.
PHILOTHEUS.
а
xenus, but it would seem that this was only in | ALEXANDRIA, a man of luxurious habits and a
order to employ him elsewhere, as we find him most scandalous course of life, lived about A. D.
still closely attached to the party of Perdiccns, and 995. He wrote four works, the titles of which,
after the death of the regent united with Alcetas, as translated from the Arabic, are, 1. Dedarator;
Attalus, and their partizans, in the contest against 2. Rara Commentatorum, et Deprarationes Here-
Antigonus. He was taken prisoner, together with ticorum ; 3. Detectio Arcanorum ; 4. Autobiogra-
Attalus, Docimus, and Polemon, in B. C. 320, and phia. The whole of these works is lost, and it
shared with them their imprisonment, as well as does not appear whether the author wrote in
the daring enterprise by which they for a time Arabic or in Greek. A sermon, De Mandatis Do
recovered their liberty [ATTALUS, No. 2). He mini nostri Jesu Christi, ed. Greek and Latin by
again fell into the power of Antigonus, in B. C. P. Possinus in his Ascetica, is ascribed to one
316. (Diod. xviii. 45, xix. 16; Just xiii. 6; S. Pilotheus, perhaps the aforesaid. (Cave, Hist.
Droysen, l. c. pp. 115, 268. )
Lit. ad an. 995. )
6. A Macedonian officer in the service of An- 2. Coccinus, patriarch of CONSTANTINOPLE a
tigonus, who was employed by him in B. c. 319, man of great and deserved renown. He was pro-
to endeavour by bribes and promises to corrupt bably born in the beginning of the 14th century,
the Argyraspids in the service of Eumenes, and and early took the monastic habit. After living
especially their leaders Antigenes and Tentamus. for a considerable time as a monk in, and after
But his efforts were unavailing : Teutamus was wards superior of, the content of St. Laura on
tempted for a moment, but was recalled to the Mount Sinai, he was appointed archbishop of
path of duty by his firmer-minded collengue, and Heracleia (before 1354). In 1355 he was em-
the Argyraspids continued faithful. (Diod. xviii. ployed by the emperor John Cantacuzenus in
62, 63. )
bringing about a reconciliation between Michael,
7. An officer in the service of Antiochus the the son, and John Palaeologus, the son-in-law of
Great, who commanded the garrison of Abydos in the emperor ; and in the same year he was chosen
the war against the Romans. He was besieged by patriarch of Constantinople, in the place of Cal-
the Roman feet under C. Livius (B. c. 190), and listus, who, however, recovered his see after John
was desirous to capitulate ; but before the terms Palaeologus had taken possession of Constantinople.
could be agreed upon, the news of the defeat of the Callistus, however, died soon afterwards, and now
Rhodian fleet under Pamphilidas caused Livius to Philotheus was once more placed on the patri-
withdraw in all haste in order to oppose Polyxen- archal chair, which post he occupied with great
idas. (Liv. xxxvii. 12. )
[E. H. B. ] dignity till 137) according to Cave, or 1376 ac-
PHILO'TAS (inctas), a dithyrambic poet cording to the Chronologia reformata of J. B. Ric-
and musician, the disciple of Philoxenus, is only cioli quoted by Fabricius. We give below the titles
worthy of notice as having once gained a victory of the most important of the numerous works of
over his great contemporary Timotheus. (Bode, Philotheus, very few of which have been published.
Gesch. d. Hellen. Dichtkunst, vol. ii. pt. ii. p. ! . Liturgia et Ordo instituendi Diaconum, printed
324. )
(P. S. ) in Latin in the 26th vol. of Bibl. Pal. Maa, 2.
PHILOTAS (! Aras), a physician of Am- Libri XV. Antirrhetici, a defence of his friend the
phissa in Locris, who was born about the middle celebrated Palama, extant in different libraries.
of the first century B. C. He studied at Alexan- | 3. Sermo Encomiasticus in tres Hierarchas, Basi-
dria, and was in that city at the same time with lium, Gregorium Theologum, et Joannem Chrysos-
the triumvir Antony, of whose profusion and ex- tomum, Latin, in the 26th vol. of Bibl. Pat. Mar. ,
travagance he was an eye-witness. He became Gr. and Lat. . by Jac. Pontanus, together with
acquainted with the triumvir's son Antyllus, with Philippi Solitarii Dioptra, Ingolstadt, 1604, 8vo. ;
whom he sometimes supped, about B. C. 30. On one by Fronto Ducaeus, in the 2d vol. of Auctuar. Patr.
occasion, when a certain physician had been annoy: Paris, 1624. 3. Oratio de Cruce, Gr. and Lat.
ing the company by his logical sophisms and for apud Gretser. De Cruce, Ingolstadt, 1616, fol. ,
ward behaviour, Philotas silenced him at last with vol. ii. ; there is another Oratio de Cruce, in the
the following syllogism :-“ Cold water is to be same yolume, which is attributed by some to our
given in a certain fever ; but every one who has a Philotheus. 4. Oratio in tertiam Jejuniorum Do-
fever has a certain fever ; therefore cold water is minicam, Gr. and Lat. ibid. 5. Refutatio Anathe
to be given in all fevers ;" which so pleased An- matismorum ab Harmenopulo scriptorum, Gr. and
tyllus, who was at table, that he pointed to a Lat. apud Leunclav. Jus. Gr. Rom. lib. iv. 6.
sideboard covered with large goblets, and said, “I Confutatio Capitum XIV. Acindymi et Barlaami,
give you all these, Philotas. " As Antyllus was extant in MS. 7. Homilia. 8. Compendium de
quite a lad at that time, Philotas scrupled to Oeconomia Christi, &c. &c. Wharton in Care and
accept such a gift, but was encouraged to do so by Fabricius give a catalogue of the numerous works
one of the attendants, who asked him if he did of Philotheus. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. xi. p. 513,
not know that the giver was a son of the triumvir &c. ; Care, Hist. Lit. ad an. 1362. )
Antonius, and that he had full power to make 3. MONACHU's or SANCTUS, an unknown monk,
Buch presents. (Plut. Anton. 28. )
wrote De Mandatis Domini nostri Jesu Christi, ed.
He may perhaps be the same physician, of Gr. and Lat. in P. Possinus, Ascetic, Paris, 1684.
whose medical formulae one is quoted by Celsus Although this work bears the same title as the
(De Med. v. 19. p. 89) and Asclepiades Phar- one quoted above under the head Philotheus Coe-
macion (ap. Gal. De Compos. Medicam. sec. Gen. iv. cinus, the works as well as the authors are dif-
13, vol. xiii. p. 745), and who must have lived in ferent persons. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. xi. p. 519;
or before the first century B. C. (See also Gal. l. c. Cave, Hist. Lit. Dissert. 1. p. 17. ed. Oxon. )
p. 542; and De Compos. Medicam. sec. Loc. iv. 8, 4. Archbishop of SelYMBRIA, of unknown age,
v. 3, vol. xii. pp. 752, 838. ) [W. A. G. ) wrote Oratio in T. Agothonicum, which is still
PHILOʻTHEUS (P1100eós), 1. Patriarch of | extant in MS.
[W. P. }
&
## p. 331 (#347) ############################################
PHILOTIMUS.
PHILOXENUS.
331
PHILOTHEUS (P1160eos), is supposed to be is a mistake, ns M. Littré observes (Oeuvres
the same person as Theophilus Protospatharius d' Hippocr. vol. i. pp. 82, 367), for Galen only
[THEOPHILUS Protosp. ] There is extant under says that he composed a work on the same subjecí,
his name a commentary on the Aphorisms of Hip- and with the same title. (Comment, in Hippocr.
pocrates, which is in a great measure compiled “De Offic. Med. " i. praef. , 5, vol. xviii. pt. ii.
from Galen's commentary on the same work, and pp. 629, 666. ) In an anatomical treatise which
is attributed to different persons in different MSS. he wrote he pronounced the brain and heart to be
It was first published in a Latin translation by useless organs (Golen, De Usu l'art. viii. 3, vol. iji.
Ludov. Coradus, Venet. 8vo. 1549, and again, p. 625), and the foriner to be merely an excessive
Spirae, 8vo. 1581: and it is in a great measure, if development and offshoot (umepaútmua kal Bad-
not entirely, the same work that has lately been ornua) of the spinal marrow. (Ibid. c. 12, p. 671. )
published in Greek by F. R. Dietz in the second Philotimus is quoted in various other parts of
volume of his Scholiu in lippucratem et Gulenum Galen's writings (see Fabr. Bill. Gr. vol. iji.
(Regiin. Pruss. 8vo. 1834) under the name of p. 583, ed. vet. ), and Plutarch relates an anecdote
Theophilus. A short work relating to a MS. of of him. (De Necta Rat. Aud. c. 10; De Adului. et
Philotheus at Altdorf is mentioned by Choulant, Amico, c. 35. ) He is also quoted by the Scholiast
with the title, J. Andr. Nagel, Programma sistens on Homer (^. 424).
(W. A. G. )
Memoriain Donationis Trewianac, Altorf. 4to. 1788. PHILOTI'MUS (Pidótipos), a statuary of
(See Preface to vol. ii. of Dietz's Schol. in Hippocr. Aegina, who made the statue of the Olympic victor
el Gal. ; Choulant, Handb. der Bücherkunde für Xenombrotus of Cos, which stood in the Altis at
die Aeltere Medicin. )
(W. A. G. ) Olympia (Paus. vi. 14. & 5. s. 12. ) [P. S. )
PHILOTA or PHILOTIS (Φιλώτα, Φιλότιs), PHILO'XENUS (116&evos), a Macedonian
a woman of Epeirus, mother of CHAROPS the officer in the service of Alexander the Great, who
younger. She aided and seconded her son through was appointed by him after his return from Egypt
out in his cruelty and extortion, having quite thrown (B. C. 331) to superintend the collection of the
off her woman's nature, as Polybius and Diodorus tribute in the provinces north of Mount Taurus
tell us. (Polyb. xxxii. 21 ; Diod. Exc. de Virt. et (Arr. Anub. iii. 6. § 6). It would appear, how-
Vit. p. 587. )
(E. E. ) ever, that he did not immediately assume this
PHILOTIMUS, a freedman of Cicero, or rather command, as shortly afterwards we find him sent
of Terentia, is constantly mentioned in Cicero's forward by Alexander from the field of Arbela to
correspondence. He had the chief management of take possession of Susa and the treasures there
Cicero's property. (Cic. ad Att. ii. 4, iv. 10, v. 3, deposited, which he effected without opposition
et alibi. )
(Id. iii. 16. $ 9). After this he seems to have
PHILOTI'MUS (Quétiuus), an eminent Greek remained quietly in the discharge of his functions
physician, a pupil of Praxagoras (Galen, De Ali- in Asia Minor (see Plut. Aler. 22 ; Paus. ii. 33.
ment. Facult. i. 12, vol. vi. p. 509), and a fellow- $ 4), until the commencement of the year 323,
pupil of Herophilus (id. De Meth. Med. i. 3, vol. 1. when he conducted a reinforcement of troops from
p. 28). He was also a contemporary of Erasis- Caria to Babylon, where he arrived just before the
tratus (id. Comment. in Hippocr. “ Aphor. " vi. 1, last illness of Alexander (Id. vii. 23, 24). In
vol. xviii. pt.
Macedonian army, and vehemently accused by the viii. 6. & 9. )"
king himself, who asserted that Parmenion was 5. A Macedonian officer in the service of Aler-
likewise an accomplice in the medicated treason. ander the Great, who commanded one taxis or
No proof, however, of the guilt either of Philotas division of the phalanx during the advance into
or his father was brought forward, for Dimnus Sogdiana and India. (Arr. Anab. iii. 29, iv.
had put an end to his own life, and Nicomachus, 21. ) It seems probable that he is the same per-
who had originally revealed the existence of the son mentioned by Curtius (v. 2. & 5), as one of
conspiracy, had not mentioned the name of Phi- those rewarded by the king at Babylon (B. C. 331)
lotas among those supposed to be concerned in it. for their distinguished services. There is little
But in the following night a confession was wrung doubt also, that he is the same to whom the go-
from the unhappy Philotas by the torture, in vernment of Cilicia was assigned in the distribu-
which, though he at first denied any knowledge tion of the provinces after the death of Alexander,
of the plot of Dimnus, he admitted that he had B. C 323 (Arrian ap. Phot. p. 69, a ; Dexippus,
previously joined with his father in entertaining ibid. p. 64, a ; Curt. x. 10. $2; Justin. xii. 4;
treasonable designs against the king ; and ulti- Diod. xviii. 3 ; who, however, in a subsequent pas-
mately, overcome by the application of fresh tor- sage (ib. 12), appears to speak of him as holding
tures, he was brought to acknowledge his parti- the lesser Phrygia, which was in fact given to
cipation in the conspiracy of Dimnus also. On Leonnatus. See Droysen, Hellenism. vol
. i. p. 68,
the strength of this confession he was the next note). In B. c. 321, he was deprived of his go-
day again brought before the assembled troops, verument by Perdicccas and replaced by Philo-
## p. 330 (#346) ############################################
330
PHILOTHEUS.
PHILOTHEUS.
а
xenus, but it would seem that this was only in | ALEXANDRIA, a man of luxurious habits and a
order to employ him elsewhere, as we find him most scandalous course of life, lived about A. D.
still closely attached to the party of Perdiccns, and 995. He wrote four works, the titles of which,
after the death of the regent united with Alcetas, as translated from the Arabic, are, 1. Dedarator;
Attalus, and their partizans, in the contest against 2. Rara Commentatorum, et Deprarationes Here-
Antigonus. He was taken prisoner, together with ticorum ; 3. Detectio Arcanorum ; 4. Autobiogra-
Attalus, Docimus, and Polemon, in B. C. 320, and phia. The whole of these works is lost, and it
shared with them their imprisonment, as well as does not appear whether the author wrote in
the daring enterprise by which they for a time Arabic or in Greek. A sermon, De Mandatis Do
recovered their liberty [ATTALUS, No. 2). He mini nostri Jesu Christi, ed. Greek and Latin by
again fell into the power of Antigonus, in B. C. P. Possinus in his Ascetica, is ascribed to one
316. (Diod. xviii. 45, xix. 16; Just xiii. 6; S. Pilotheus, perhaps the aforesaid. (Cave, Hist.
Droysen, l. c. pp. 115, 268. )
Lit. ad an. 995. )
6. A Macedonian officer in the service of An- 2. Coccinus, patriarch of CONSTANTINOPLE a
tigonus, who was employed by him in B. c. 319, man of great and deserved renown. He was pro-
to endeavour by bribes and promises to corrupt bably born in the beginning of the 14th century,
the Argyraspids in the service of Eumenes, and and early took the monastic habit. After living
especially their leaders Antigenes and Tentamus. for a considerable time as a monk in, and after
But his efforts were unavailing : Teutamus was wards superior of, the content of St. Laura on
tempted for a moment, but was recalled to the Mount Sinai, he was appointed archbishop of
path of duty by his firmer-minded collengue, and Heracleia (before 1354). In 1355 he was em-
the Argyraspids continued faithful. (Diod. xviii. ployed by the emperor John Cantacuzenus in
62, 63. )
bringing about a reconciliation between Michael,
7. An officer in the service of Antiochus the the son, and John Palaeologus, the son-in-law of
Great, who commanded the garrison of Abydos in the emperor ; and in the same year he was chosen
the war against the Romans. He was besieged by patriarch of Constantinople, in the place of Cal-
the Roman feet under C. Livius (B. c. 190), and listus, who, however, recovered his see after John
was desirous to capitulate ; but before the terms Palaeologus had taken possession of Constantinople.
could be agreed upon, the news of the defeat of the Callistus, however, died soon afterwards, and now
Rhodian fleet under Pamphilidas caused Livius to Philotheus was once more placed on the patri-
withdraw in all haste in order to oppose Polyxen- archal chair, which post he occupied with great
idas. (Liv. xxxvii. 12. )
[E. H. B. ] dignity till 137) according to Cave, or 1376 ac-
PHILO'TAS (inctas), a dithyrambic poet cording to the Chronologia reformata of J. B. Ric-
and musician, the disciple of Philoxenus, is only cioli quoted by Fabricius. We give below the titles
worthy of notice as having once gained a victory of the most important of the numerous works of
over his great contemporary Timotheus. (Bode, Philotheus, very few of which have been published.
Gesch. d. Hellen. Dichtkunst, vol. ii. pt. ii. p. ! . Liturgia et Ordo instituendi Diaconum, printed
324. )
(P. S. ) in Latin in the 26th vol. of Bibl. Pal. Maa, 2.
PHILOTAS (! Aras), a physician of Am- Libri XV. Antirrhetici, a defence of his friend the
phissa in Locris, who was born about the middle celebrated Palama, extant in different libraries.
of the first century B. C. He studied at Alexan- | 3. Sermo Encomiasticus in tres Hierarchas, Basi-
dria, and was in that city at the same time with lium, Gregorium Theologum, et Joannem Chrysos-
the triumvir Antony, of whose profusion and ex- tomum, Latin, in the 26th vol. of Bibl. Pat. Mar. ,
travagance he was an eye-witness. He became Gr. and Lat. . by Jac. Pontanus, together with
acquainted with the triumvir's son Antyllus, with Philippi Solitarii Dioptra, Ingolstadt, 1604, 8vo. ;
whom he sometimes supped, about B. C. 30. On one by Fronto Ducaeus, in the 2d vol. of Auctuar. Patr.
occasion, when a certain physician had been annoy: Paris, 1624. 3. Oratio de Cruce, Gr. and Lat.
ing the company by his logical sophisms and for apud Gretser. De Cruce, Ingolstadt, 1616, fol. ,
ward behaviour, Philotas silenced him at last with vol. ii. ; there is another Oratio de Cruce, in the
the following syllogism :-“ Cold water is to be same yolume, which is attributed by some to our
given in a certain fever ; but every one who has a Philotheus. 4. Oratio in tertiam Jejuniorum Do-
fever has a certain fever ; therefore cold water is minicam, Gr. and Lat. ibid. 5. Refutatio Anathe
to be given in all fevers ;" which so pleased An- matismorum ab Harmenopulo scriptorum, Gr. and
tyllus, who was at table, that he pointed to a Lat. apud Leunclav. Jus. Gr. Rom. lib. iv. 6.
sideboard covered with large goblets, and said, “I Confutatio Capitum XIV. Acindymi et Barlaami,
give you all these, Philotas. " As Antyllus was extant in MS. 7. Homilia. 8. Compendium de
quite a lad at that time, Philotas scrupled to Oeconomia Christi, &c. &c. Wharton in Care and
accept such a gift, but was encouraged to do so by Fabricius give a catalogue of the numerous works
one of the attendants, who asked him if he did of Philotheus. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. xi. p. 513,
not know that the giver was a son of the triumvir &c. ; Care, Hist. Lit. ad an. 1362. )
Antonius, and that he had full power to make 3. MONACHU's or SANCTUS, an unknown monk,
Buch presents. (Plut. Anton. 28. )
wrote De Mandatis Domini nostri Jesu Christi, ed.
He may perhaps be the same physician, of Gr. and Lat. in P. Possinus, Ascetic, Paris, 1684.
whose medical formulae one is quoted by Celsus Although this work bears the same title as the
(De Med. v. 19. p. 89) and Asclepiades Phar- one quoted above under the head Philotheus Coe-
macion (ap. Gal. De Compos. Medicam. sec. Gen. iv. cinus, the works as well as the authors are dif-
13, vol. xiii. p. 745), and who must have lived in ferent persons. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. xi. p. 519;
or before the first century B. C. (See also Gal. l. c. Cave, Hist. Lit. Dissert. 1. p. 17. ed. Oxon. )
p. 542; and De Compos. Medicam. sec. Loc. iv. 8, 4. Archbishop of SelYMBRIA, of unknown age,
v. 3, vol. xii. pp. 752, 838. ) [W. A. G. ) wrote Oratio in T. Agothonicum, which is still
PHILOʻTHEUS (P1100eós), 1. Patriarch of | extant in MS.
[W. P. }
&
## p. 331 (#347) ############################################
PHILOTIMUS.
PHILOXENUS.
331
PHILOTHEUS (P1160eos), is supposed to be is a mistake, ns M. Littré observes (Oeuvres
the same person as Theophilus Protospatharius d' Hippocr. vol. i. pp. 82, 367), for Galen only
[THEOPHILUS Protosp. ] There is extant under says that he composed a work on the same subjecí,
his name a commentary on the Aphorisms of Hip- and with the same title. (Comment, in Hippocr.
pocrates, which is in a great measure compiled “De Offic. Med. " i. praef. , 5, vol. xviii. pt. ii.
from Galen's commentary on the same work, and pp. 629, 666. ) In an anatomical treatise which
is attributed to different persons in different MSS. he wrote he pronounced the brain and heart to be
It was first published in a Latin translation by useless organs (Golen, De Usu l'art. viii. 3, vol. iji.
Ludov. Coradus, Venet. 8vo. 1549, and again, p. 625), and the foriner to be merely an excessive
Spirae, 8vo. 1581: and it is in a great measure, if development and offshoot (umepaútmua kal Bad-
not entirely, the same work that has lately been ornua) of the spinal marrow. (Ibid. c. 12, p. 671. )
published in Greek by F. R. Dietz in the second Philotimus is quoted in various other parts of
volume of his Scholiu in lippucratem et Gulenum Galen's writings (see Fabr. Bill. Gr. vol. iji.
(Regiin. Pruss. 8vo. 1834) under the name of p. 583, ed. vet. ), and Plutarch relates an anecdote
Theophilus. A short work relating to a MS. of of him. (De Necta Rat. Aud. c. 10; De Adului. et
Philotheus at Altdorf is mentioned by Choulant, Amico, c. 35. ) He is also quoted by the Scholiast
with the title, J. Andr. Nagel, Programma sistens on Homer (^. 424).
(W. A. G. )
Memoriain Donationis Trewianac, Altorf. 4to. 1788. PHILOTI'MUS (Pidótipos), a statuary of
(See Preface to vol. ii. of Dietz's Schol. in Hippocr. Aegina, who made the statue of the Olympic victor
el Gal. ; Choulant, Handb. der Bücherkunde für Xenombrotus of Cos, which stood in the Altis at
die Aeltere Medicin. )
(W. A. G. ) Olympia (Paus. vi. 14. & 5. s. 12. ) [P. S. )
PHILOTA or PHILOTIS (Φιλώτα, Φιλότιs), PHILO'XENUS (116&evos), a Macedonian
a woman of Epeirus, mother of CHAROPS the officer in the service of Alexander the Great, who
younger. She aided and seconded her son through was appointed by him after his return from Egypt
out in his cruelty and extortion, having quite thrown (B. C. 331) to superintend the collection of the
off her woman's nature, as Polybius and Diodorus tribute in the provinces north of Mount Taurus
tell us. (Polyb. xxxii. 21 ; Diod. Exc. de Virt. et (Arr. Anub. iii. 6. § 6). It would appear, how-
Vit. p. 587. )
(E. E. ) ever, that he did not immediately assume this
PHILOTIMUS, a freedman of Cicero, or rather command, as shortly afterwards we find him sent
of Terentia, is constantly mentioned in Cicero's forward by Alexander from the field of Arbela to
correspondence. He had the chief management of take possession of Susa and the treasures there
Cicero's property. (Cic. ad Att. ii. 4, iv. 10, v. 3, deposited, which he effected without opposition
et alibi. )
(Id. iii. 16. $ 9). After this he seems to have
PHILOTI'MUS (Quétiuus), an eminent Greek remained quietly in the discharge of his functions
physician, a pupil of Praxagoras (Galen, De Ali- in Asia Minor (see Plut. Aler. 22 ; Paus. ii. 33.
ment. Facult. i. 12, vol. vi. p. 509), and a fellow- $ 4), until the commencement of the year 323,
pupil of Herophilus (id. De Meth. Med. i. 3, vol. 1. when he conducted a reinforcement of troops from
p. 28). He was also a contemporary of Erasis- Caria to Babylon, where he arrived just before the
tratus (id. Comment. in Hippocr. “ Aphor. " vi. 1, last illness of Alexander (Id. vii. 23, 24). In
vol. xviii. pt.
