Revised and edited with an
Introduction
and Notes by
William Grooke.
William Grooke.
Cambridge History of India - v3 - Turks and Afghans
1-xx.
Calcutta, 1788–1836.
Cole, H. H. Reports of the Curator of Ancient Monuments in India for the years
1881-82, 1882-83, 1883-84. Simla and Calcutta.
Creswell, K. A. C. Indian Domes of Persian Origin. (In the Asiatic Review, new
series. vol, v. ) 1914.
Fergusson, J. History of Indian and Eastern Architecture. Revised and edited
with additions. 2 vols. London.
Havell, E. B. Indian Architecture : Its Psychology, Structure and History, from
the first Muhammadan invasion to the present day. London, 1913.
Indian Antiquary : A Journal of Oriental Research in Archaeology, History,
Literature, Languages, Folklore, etc. Vols. 1-LV. Bombay, 1872--1926.
Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. Vols. 1-LXXVII, Calcutta, 1832—1909.
Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. Vols. 1-xx. Calcutta
1905-25.
Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. Vols. 1-XXVI
Bombay, 1870–1923.
La Roche, Emanuel. Indische Baukunst. Folio. 3 vols. München, 1921.
Le Bon, G. Les Monuments de l'inde. Paris, 1893.
Preservation of National Monuments : Reports on the, by H. H. Cole, Curator of
Ancient Monuments in India. Ahmadabad, Poona, Karli, Ambarnath,
Bijapur, Kalburga, Mt Abu, Ajmir, Jaipur, Ulwar, Agra, Gwalior and Delhi.
1881-84. Calcutta and Simla.
Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, edited by the Honorary Secretaries.
1865-1904. Calcutta.
Smith, E. W. Portfolio of Indian Architectural Drawings. Part I. London, 1897.
Smith, V. A. A History of Fine Art in India and Ceylon from the earliest times
to the present day. Oxford, 1911.
Wetzel, F. Islamische Grabbauten in Indien aus der Zeit der Soldaten-Kaiser.
1320-1510. Leipzig, 1918.
(6) ASSAM
List of Archaeological Remains in Assam. Calcutta, 1902.
(c) BENGAL, BIHAR AND ORISSA
List of Ancient Monuments in Bengal, prepared in the Bengal Government
Secretariat. Revised and corrected up to 31st August 1895. Calcutta, 1896.
Ravenshaw, J. H. , Gaur : Its Ruins and Inscriptions ; edited by his widow.
London.
## p. 662 (#712) ############################################
662
BIBLIOGRAPHY TO CHAPTER XXIII
(d) BOMBAY
Biggs, Col. and Theodore Hope and James Fergusson. Architecture at Ahmada-
bad, the Capital of Goozerat, photographed by Biggs with Historical notes by
Theodore Hope, and Architectural notes by James Fergusson. London, 1866.
Burgess, J. Memorandum on the Antiquities at Dabhol, Ahmadabad, Than,
Junagadh, Gunar and Dhank. Bombay, 1875.
On the Muhammadan Architecture of Bharoch, Cambay, Dholka, Champanir
and Mahmudabad in Gujarat. London, 1896.
The Muhammadan Architecture of Ahmadabad. Part I A. D. 1412–1520.
Part II with Muslim and Hindu Remains in the vicinity. London. 1900-5.
Burgess, J. and Henry Cousens. The Architectural Antiquities of Northern
Gujarat, more especially of the districts included in the Baroda State.
London, 1903.
Cousens, H. Bijapur and its Architectural Remains ; with an Historical Outline
of the 'Adil Shahi Dynasty. Bombay, 1916.
Hope, Theodore. Architecture at Ahmadabad, the Capital of Goozerat (with a
note by James Fergusson). London, 1866.
(e) CENTRAL PROVINCES AND BERAR
Cousens, H. Lists of Antiquarian Remains in the Central Provinces and Berar.
Calcutta, 1897.
(S) CENTRAL INDIA
Barnes, E. Dhar and Mandu : A Guide. Bombay, 1902.
Creswell, K. A. C. The Vaulting System of the Hindola Mahal at Mandu. (In the
J. R. I. B. A. 1918. ) London.
(8) DELHI
Ahmad Khan, Sayid. Asar as-Sanadid. Cawn pore, 1904.
Cole, H. H. The Architecture of Ancient Delhi, especially the buildings around
the Kutb Minar. London, 1872.
Fanshawe, H. C. Delhi : Past and Present. London, 1902.
Hearn, H. C. The Seven Cities of Delhi. London, 1906.
Journal of the Archaeological Society of Delhi, Delhi.
Keene. H. G. Keene's Handbook for Visitors to Delhi. Rewritten and brought up-
to-date by E. A. Duncan. Calcutta, 1906.
Munshi, R. N. The History of the Kutb Minar (Delhi), with an account of the
Inscriptions on the Minar. Bɔmbay, 1911.
Sayyid Ahmad. Yadgar-i-Delhi ; being aa account of the buildings of Historical
and Archaeological interest in Delhi (Urdu). Delhi, 1905.
Sharp, Sir Henry. Delhi : Its Story and Buildings. Bombay, 1921.
Stephen, Carr. The Archaeology and monumental Remains of Delhi. Calcutia,
1876.
Zafar Hasan, M. List of Muhammadan and Hindu Monuments in the Province of
Delhi. Vols. 1-IV. Calcutta, 1916-22.
(h) HYDERABAD DECCAN
Archaeological Survey of H. E. H. the Nizam's Dominions : Annual Progress
Reports. 1914-15 to 1922-23. Hyderabad. Deccan.
Cousens, H. List of Antiquarian Remains in H. H. the Nizam's Dominions. Cal.
cutta, 1900.
Yazdani, G. Antiquities of Bidar, 1914,
## p. 663 (#713) ############################################
BIBLIOGRAPHY TO CHAPTER XXIII
663
(i) KASHMIR STATE
Archaeological Survey of Jammu and Kashmir State : Quinquennial Report on
Archaeology and Research in Kashmir. April 1904 to April 1909. Jammu,
1911.
(j) MADRAS
Sewell, R. List of Antiquarian Remains in the Presidency of Madras with a list
of Inscriptions and a Sketch of the Dynasties of Southern India. Parts I-II.
Madras 1882-84.
(k) MYSORE STATE
Archaeological Survey of Mysore : Annual Progress Reports. 1886–1925.
Mysore.
:
(1) PUNJAB
Latif, Sayyid Muhammad. The Early History of Multan. Calcutta, 1890-91.
Rodgers, Chas. J. Revised List of Objects of Antiquarian Interest in the Punjab.
Lahore, 1904.
(m) RAJPUTANA AND SIND
Cousens, H The Antiquities of Sind with Historical Outline. Calcutta, 1926.
Sarda, Harbilas. Ajmir : Historical and Descriptive. Ajmir, 1911.
Tod, J. Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan or the Central and Western Rajput
States of India.
Revised and edited with an Introduction and Notes by
William Grooke. Vols. I-III. London, 1920.
(n) U. P.
Fuhrer, A. The Monumental Antiquities and Inscriptions in the North Western
Provinces and Oudh. Described and arranged. Allahabad, 1891.
-The Sharqi Architecture of Jaunpur ; with notes on Zafarabad, Sahet
Mahet and other places in the North Western Provinces and Oudh. With
Drawings and Architectural descriptions by Edmund Smith. Edited by
J. Burgess. Calcutta, 1889.
Smith, E. W. Chaurasi Gumbaz, Kalpi, in the Western Provinces of Agra
and Oudh. (In the Journal of Indian Art, vol. v), 1893.
## p. 664 (#714) ############################################
CHRONOLOGY
INDIA
A. D.
711 Invasion of Sind by Muhammad b. Qāsim (p. 2).
712 Capture of Nirūn. Defeat and death of Dāhir. Capture of Aror
(pp. 3, 5, 6).
713
Capture of Multān by the Muslims (p. 6).
715 Death of Muhammad b. Qasim (pp. 7,8).
717
Death of the Caliph Sulaimān and accession of 'Umar II (p. 8).
724—743 Hisham Caliph Junaid governor of Sind (p. 8).
750 Overthrow of the Umayyads by the ‘Abbāsids. Mūsā governor of
Sind (p. 9).
754—775 Al-Mansūr Caliph. Hisham governor of Sind (p. 9).
813–833 Al-Ma'mūn Caliph. Rebellion of Bashar, son of Dāūd, in Sind.
Mūsā Barmaki governor of Sind (p. 9).
836 Death of Mūsã and accession of his son ‘Amran as governor of Sind
(p. 9).
871
Virtual extinction of the authority of the Caliphs in Sind. Arab
principalities of Multān and Mansūrah (p. 9).
977
Sabuktigin ascends the throne of Ghazni (p. 11).
988
Sabuktigin takes Kābul and other territory from Jaipal I (p. 12).
993-4 Foundation of Delhi by the Tomaras (p. 512).
994 Sabuktigin acquires the government of Khurāsān (p. 12).
997 Death of Sabuktigin and accession of Ismā'il (p. 12).
998 Deposition of Ismā'il and accession of Mahmūd (p. 12).
999 Accession of Ganda Chandel in Dhanga (p. 507).
Mahmūd annexos Sistān and raids some frontier towns of India.
Expulsion of 'Abd-ul-Malik, the last Sāmānid ruler of Bukhārā
(p. 13).
1001 Mahmūd defeats Jaipāl I at Peshāwar and plunders Ūnd. Death
of Jaipal I and accession of Anandpāl (pp. 13, 14).
1002 Mahmūd suppresses a rebellion in Sīstān (p. 14).
1004 Mahmūd defeats Bajra and plunders Uch (p. 14).
1005 Defeat of Anandpāl and submission of Abu-'l-Fath Dāūd of Mulān.
Sukhpāl, having accepted Islam, is appointed governor of Und
(pp. 14, 15).
1007 Apostasy and rebellion of Sukhpāl (Nawāsa Shāh). His defeat and
capture (p. 15).
1008 Mahmud invades India and defeats the army of the Hindu con.
federacy between Ūnd and Peshāwar. He captures and plun•
ders Nagarkot, or Kängra (pp. 15, 16)
1009 Mahmūd reduces the principality of Ghūr to obedi :nce (pp. 16, 17).
1010 Mahmud invades India and defeats a Hindu army at Tarāori
(p. 17).
1011 Mahmūd establishes his authority in Multān (n. 17).
1013 Mahmud invades India, defeats Bhim, and caprures Nandana
(p. 17).
1014 Mahmūd invades India and plunders Thānesar (pp. 17, 18).
1015 Mahmud invades Kashmir, but is forced to retire (p. 18).
Accession of Gangeyadeva Kālachuri in Chedi (p. 510).
1016 Death of Rājarāja Chola, the Great (p. 468).
## p. 665 (#715) ############################################
CHRONOLOGY
665
A. D.
1016-7 Operations in Khvārazm and in the northern provinces of the
empire of Ghazni (p. 18).
1018-9 Mahmūd invades India, marches to Baran, Mahāban, Muttra, and
Kanauj, captures Manaich, Asni, and Sharva, returns to Ghazni
with his booty, and founds the great mosque of Ghazni
(pp. 18-21).
1021 Mahmūd invades India, defeats a Hindu confederacy under Ganda
of Kālinjar, and returns to Ghazni (p. 21).
Invasion of Dir, Swāt, and Bajaur, and of Kashmir. Flight of
Bhim and annexation of the Punjāb (p. 22).
1022 Mahmūd invades India, receives the submission of the Kachhwāha
raja of Gwalior and of Ganda of Kālinjar, and returns to Ghazni
(p. 22).
1023 Operations in Transoxiana (p. 23).
1024 Expedition to Somnāth, Mahmud captures the town and plunders
the temple (pp. 23-5).
1026 Mahmūd returns to Ghazni (p. 26).
Expedition against the Jāts (p. 26).
1030 Death of Mahmūd (p. 26).
Mas'ud blinds his brother Muhammad and ascends the throne
(p. 27),
1034 Rebellion in the Punjāb crushed by Tilak (p. 30).
1037 Masóūd invades India and captures Hānsi (p. 31).
1039 Karnadeva Kālachuri invades the Pāla kingdom of Bihār (p. 510).
1010 Defeat of Masóūd by the Saljūqs. He retires from Ghazni towards
India. His deposition and death. Restoration of Muhammad
(pp. 31-2).
Death of Gangeyadeva and accession of Karnadeva Kālachuri in
Chedi (p. 510).
1012 Deposition and death of Muhammad, and accession of Maudūd
(p. 32).
1014 Accession of Sāmêsvara Ahavamalla, Chālukya (p. 471).
1016 Invasion of Ghūr (p. 33).
1019 Death of Maudūd and accession of Masóūd II. Deposition of
Mas'ud II and ac sion of 'Ali (p. 33).
1052 D position of 'Ali and accession of 'Abd-ur-Rashid (p. 33).
1053 Usurpation and assassination of Tughril. Accession of Farrukhzād
(p. 34).
1059 Death of Farrukhzād and accession of Ibrāhim (p. 34).
1060 Karnadeva of Chedi and Bhim II of Gujarāt crush Bhoj of Mālwa
(p. 510).
1069 Death of Sõmēsvara Āhavamalla, Chālukya (p. 471).
1070 Accession of Kulottunga, the Chālukya-Chola (p. 469).
1076 Accession of Vikramāditya VI, Chalukya (p. 469).
1077 Accession of Rāmapāla in Bihār (p. 511).
1079 Capture of Ajūdhan and invasion of Gajarāt by Ibrāhīm of Ghazni
(p. 34).
1095 The Gaharwārs gain possession of Benares and Ajodhya (p. 509).
1091 Accession of Siddharāja Jayasingha in Gujarāt (p. 517).
1099 Death of Ibrāhīm and accession of Masóūd III in Ghazni (p. 35).
1101 Death of Vinayāditya Hoysala and accession of Ballāla I (p. 474).
1106 Death of Ballāla I and accession of Vishnu Hoysala (p. 474).
1115 • Death of Masóūd III and accession of Shirzād in Ghazni (p. 35),
## p. 666 (#716) ############################################
666
CHRONOLOGY
A. D.
1116
1118
1119
1120
1128
1138
1141
1143
1149
1150
1151
1152
1160
1173
1175
Deposition of Shirzad and accession of Arsalān Shah (p. 35).
Deposition of Arsalān Shāh and accession of Bahrām Shāh (p. 35).
Death of Kulottunga, Chālukya-Chola (p. 469).
Suppression of the rebellion of Bahlim in the Punjāb (p. 35).
Vijaya Sena establishes his independence in Bengal (p. 511).
Death of Rāmapāla in Bihār (p. 511).
Death of Vikramāditya VI, Chālukya and accession of Somēsvara
III (pp. 469-78).
The Parihārs oust the Kachhwähas from Gwalior. The Kachh-
wāhas establish themselves in Amber (p. 533).
Death of Sõm svara III and accession of Jagadekamalla, Chalukya
(p.
Cole, H. H. Reports of the Curator of Ancient Monuments in India for the years
1881-82, 1882-83, 1883-84. Simla and Calcutta.
Creswell, K. A. C. Indian Domes of Persian Origin. (In the Asiatic Review, new
series. vol, v. ) 1914.
Fergusson, J. History of Indian and Eastern Architecture. Revised and edited
with additions. 2 vols. London.
Havell, E. B. Indian Architecture : Its Psychology, Structure and History, from
the first Muhammadan invasion to the present day. London, 1913.
Indian Antiquary : A Journal of Oriental Research in Archaeology, History,
Literature, Languages, Folklore, etc. Vols. 1-LV. Bombay, 1872--1926.
Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. Vols. 1-LXXVII, Calcutta, 1832—1909.
Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. Vols. 1-xx. Calcutta
1905-25.
Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. Vols. 1-XXVI
Bombay, 1870–1923.
La Roche, Emanuel. Indische Baukunst. Folio. 3 vols. München, 1921.
Le Bon, G. Les Monuments de l'inde. Paris, 1893.
Preservation of National Monuments : Reports on the, by H. H. Cole, Curator of
Ancient Monuments in India. Ahmadabad, Poona, Karli, Ambarnath,
Bijapur, Kalburga, Mt Abu, Ajmir, Jaipur, Ulwar, Agra, Gwalior and Delhi.
1881-84. Calcutta and Simla.
Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, edited by the Honorary Secretaries.
1865-1904. Calcutta.
Smith, E. W. Portfolio of Indian Architectural Drawings. Part I. London, 1897.
Smith, V. A. A History of Fine Art in India and Ceylon from the earliest times
to the present day. Oxford, 1911.
Wetzel, F. Islamische Grabbauten in Indien aus der Zeit der Soldaten-Kaiser.
1320-1510. Leipzig, 1918.
(6) ASSAM
List of Archaeological Remains in Assam. Calcutta, 1902.
(c) BENGAL, BIHAR AND ORISSA
List of Ancient Monuments in Bengal, prepared in the Bengal Government
Secretariat. Revised and corrected up to 31st August 1895. Calcutta, 1896.
Ravenshaw, J. H. , Gaur : Its Ruins and Inscriptions ; edited by his widow.
London.
## p. 662 (#712) ############################################
662
BIBLIOGRAPHY TO CHAPTER XXIII
(d) BOMBAY
Biggs, Col. and Theodore Hope and James Fergusson. Architecture at Ahmada-
bad, the Capital of Goozerat, photographed by Biggs with Historical notes by
Theodore Hope, and Architectural notes by James Fergusson. London, 1866.
Burgess, J. Memorandum on the Antiquities at Dabhol, Ahmadabad, Than,
Junagadh, Gunar and Dhank. Bombay, 1875.
On the Muhammadan Architecture of Bharoch, Cambay, Dholka, Champanir
and Mahmudabad in Gujarat. London, 1896.
The Muhammadan Architecture of Ahmadabad. Part I A. D. 1412–1520.
Part II with Muslim and Hindu Remains in the vicinity. London. 1900-5.
Burgess, J. and Henry Cousens. The Architectural Antiquities of Northern
Gujarat, more especially of the districts included in the Baroda State.
London, 1903.
Cousens, H. Bijapur and its Architectural Remains ; with an Historical Outline
of the 'Adil Shahi Dynasty. Bombay, 1916.
Hope, Theodore. Architecture at Ahmadabad, the Capital of Goozerat (with a
note by James Fergusson). London, 1866.
(e) CENTRAL PROVINCES AND BERAR
Cousens, H. Lists of Antiquarian Remains in the Central Provinces and Berar.
Calcutta, 1897.
(S) CENTRAL INDIA
Barnes, E. Dhar and Mandu : A Guide. Bombay, 1902.
Creswell, K. A. C. The Vaulting System of the Hindola Mahal at Mandu. (In the
J. R. I. B. A. 1918. ) London.
(8) DELHI
Ahmad Khan, Sayid. Asar as-Sanadid. Cawn pore, 1904.
Cole, H. H. The Architecture of Ancient Delhi, especially the buildings around
the Kutb Minar. London, 1872.
Fanshawe, H. C. Delhi : Past and Present. London, 1902.
Hearn, H. C. The Seven Cities of Delhi. London, 1906.
Journal of the Archaeological Society of Delhi, Delhi.
Keene. H. G. Keene's Handbook for Visitors to Delhi. Rewritten and brought up-
to-date by E. A. Duncan. Calcutta, 1906.
Munshi, R. N. The History of the Kutb Minar (Delhi), with an account of the
Inscriptions on the Minar. Bɔmbay, 1911.
Sayyid Ahmad. Yadgar-i-Delhi ; being aa account of the buildings of Historical
and Archaeological interest in Delhi (Urdu). Delhi, 1905.
Sharp, Sir Henry. Delhi : Its Story and Buildings. Bombay, 1921.
Stephen, Carr. The Archaeology and monumental Remains of Delhi. Calcutia,
1876.
Zafar Hasan, M. List of Muhammadan and Hindu Monuments in the Province of
Delhi. Vols. 1-IV. Calcutta, 1916-22.
(h) HYDERABAD DECCAN
Archaeological Survey of H. E. H. the Nizam's Dominions : Annual Progress
Reports. 1914-15 to 1922-23. Hyderabad. Deccan.
Cousens, H. List of Antiquarian Remains in H. H. the Nizam's Dominions. Cal.
cutta, 1900.
Yazdani, G. Antiquities of Bidar, 1914,
## p. 663 (#713) ############################################
BIBLIOGRAPHY TO CHAPTER XXIII
663
(i) KASHMIR STATE
Archaeological Survey of Jammu and Kashmir State : Quinquennial Report on
Archaeology and Research in Kashmir. April 1904 to April 1909. Jammu,
1911.
(j) MADRAS
Sewell, R. List of Antiquarian Remains in the Presidency of Madras with a list
of Inscriptions and a Sketch of the Dynasties of Southern India. Parts I-II.
Madras 1882-84.
(k) MYSORE STATE
Archaeological Survey of Mysore : Annual Progress Reports. 1886–1925.
Mysore.
:
(1) PUNJAB
Latif, Sayyid Muhammad. The Early History of Multan. Calcutta, 1890-91.
Rodgers, Chas. J. Revised List of Objects of Antiquarian Interest in the Punjab.
Lahore, 1904.
(m) RAJPUTANA AND SIND
Cousens, H The Antiquities of Sind with Historical Outline. Calcutta, 1926.
Sarda, Harbilas. Ajmir : Historical and Descriptive. Ajmir, 1911.
Tod, J. Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan or the Central and Western Rajput
States of India.
Revised and edited with an Introduction and Notes by
William Grooke. Vols. I-III. London, 1920.
(n) U. P.
Fuhrer, A. The Monumental Antiquities and Inscriptions in the North Western
Provinces and Oudh. Described and arranged. Allahabad, 1891.
-The Sharqi Architecture of Jaunpur ; with notes on Zafarabad, Sahet
Mahet and other places in the North Western Provinces and Oudh. With
Drawings and Architectural descriptions by Edmund Smith. Edited by
J. Burgess. Calcutta, 1889.
Smith, E. W. Chaurasi Gumbaz, Kalpi, in the Western Provinces of Agra
and Oudh. (In the Journal of Indian Art, vol. v), 1893.
## p. 664 (#714) ############################################
CHRONOLOGY
INDIA
A. D.
711 Invasion of Sind by Muhammad b. Qāsim (p. 2).
712 Capture of Nirūn. Defeat and death of Dāhir. Capture of Aror
(pp. 3, 5, 6).
713
Capture of Multān by the Muslims (p. 6).
715 Death of Muhammad b. Qasim (pp. 7,8).
717
Death of the Caliph Sulaimān and accession of 'Umar II (p. 8).
724—743 Hisham Caliph Junaid governor of Sind (p. 8).
750 Overthrow of the Umayyads by the ‘Abbāsids. Mūsā governor of
Sind (p. 9).
754—775 Al-Mansūr Caliph. Hisham governor of Sind (p. 9).
813–833 Al-Ma'mūn Caliph. Rebellion of Bashar, son of Dāūd, in Sind.
Mūsā Barmaki governor of Sind (p. 9).
836 Death of Mūsã and accession of his son ‘Amran as governor of Sind
(p. 9).
871
Virtual extinction of the authority of the Caliphs in Sind. Arab
principalities of Multān and Mansūrah (p. 9).
977
Sabuktigin ascends the throne of Ghazni (p. 11).
988
Sabuktigin takes Kābul and other territory from Jaipal I (p. 12).
993-4 Foundation of Delhi by the Tomaras (p. 512).
994 Sabuktigin acquires the government of Khurāsān (p. 12).
997 Death of Sabuktigin and accession of Ismā'il (p. 12).
998 Deposition of Ismā'il and accession of Mahmūd (p. 12).
999 Accession of Ganda Chandel in Dhanga (p. 507).
Mahmūd annexos Sistān and raids some frontier towns of India.
Expulsion of 'Abd-ul-Malik, the last Sāmānid ruler of Bukhārā
(p. 13).
1001 Mahmūd defeats Jaipāl I at Peshāwar and plunders Ūnd. Death
of Jaipal I and accession of Anandpāl (pp. 13, 14).
1002 Mahmūd suppresses a rebellion in Sīstān (p. 14).
1004 Mahmūd defeats Bajra and plunders Uch (p. 14).
1005 Defeat of Anandpāl and submission of Abu-'l-Fath Dāūd of Mulān.
Sukhpāl, having accepted Islam, is appointed governor of Und
(pp. 14, 15).
1007 Apostasy and rebellion of Sukhpāl (Nawāsa Shāh). His defeat and
capture (p. 15).
1008 Mahmud invades India and defeats the army of the Hindu con.
federacy between Ūnd and Peshāwar. He captures and plun•
ders Nagarkot, or Kängra (pp. 15, 16)
1009 Mahmūd reduces the principality of Ghūr to obedi :nce (pp. 16, 17).
1010 Mahmud invades India and defeats a Hindu army at Tarāori
(p. 17).
1011 Mahmūd establishes his authority in Multān (n. 17).
1013 Mahmud invades India, defeats Bhim, and caprures Nandana
(p. 17).
1014 Mahmūd invades India and plunders Thānesar (pp. 17, 18).
1015 Mahmud invades Kashmir, but is forced to retire (p. 18).
Accession of Gangeyadeva Kālachuri in Chedi (p. 510).
1016 Death of Rājarāja Chola, the Great (p. 468).
## p. 665 (#715) ############################################
CHRONOLOGY
665
A. D.
1016-7 Operations in Khvārazm and in the northern provinces of the
empire of Ghazni (p. 18).
1018-9 Mahmūd invades India, marches to Baran, Mahāban, Muttra, and
Kanauj, captures Manaich, Asni, and Sharva, returns to Ghazni
with his booty, and founds the great mosque of Ghazni
(pp. 18-21).
1021 Mahmūd invades India, defeats a Hindu confederacy under Ganda
of Kālinjar, and returns to Ghazni (p. 21).
Invasion of Dir, Swāt, and Bajaur, and of Kashmir. Flight of
Bhim and annexation of the Punjāb (p. 22).
1022 Mahmūd invades India, receives the submission of the Kachhwāha
raja of Gwalior and of Ganda of Kālinjar, and returns to Ghazni
(p. 22).
1023 Operations in Transoxiana (p. 23).
1024 Expedition to Somnāth, Mahmud captures the town and plunders
the temple (pp. 23-5).
1026 Mahmūd returns to Ghazni (p. 26).
Expedition against the Jāts (p. 26).
1030 Death of Mahmūd (p. 26).
Mas'ud blinds his brother Muhammad and ascends the throne
(p. 27),
1034 Rebellion in the Punjāb crushed by Tilak (p. 30).
1037 Masóūd invades India and captures Hānsi (p. 31).
1039 Karnadeva Kālachuri invades the Pāla kingdom of Bihār (p. 510).
1010 Defeat of Masóūd by the Saljūqs. He retires from Ghazni towards
India. His deposition and death. Restoration of Muhammad
(pp. 31-2).
Death of Gangeyadeva and accession of Karnadeva Kālachuri in
Chedi (p. 510).
1012 Deposition and death of Muhammad, and accession of Maudūd
(p. 32).
1014 Accession of Sāmêsvara Ahavamalla, Chālukya (p. 471).
1016 Invasion of Ghūr (p. 33).
1019 Death of Maudūd and accession of Masóūd II. Deposition of
Mas'ud II and ac sion of 'Ali (p. 33).
1052 D position of 'Ali and accession of 'Abd-ur-Rashid (p. 33).
1053 Usurpation and assassination of Tughril. Accession of Farrukhzād
(p. 34).
1059 Death of Farrukhzād and accession of Ibrāhim (p. 34).
1060 Karnadeva of Chedi and Bhim II of Gujarāt crush Bhoj of Mālwa
(p. 510).
1069 Death of Sõmēsvara Āhavamalla, Chālukya (p. 471).
1070 Accession of Kulottunga, the Chālukya-Chola (p. 469).
1076 Accession of Vikramāditya VI, Chalukya (p. 469).
1077 Accession of Rāmapāla in Bihār (p. 511).
1079 Capture of Ajūdhan and invasion of Gajarāt by Ibrāhīm of Ghazni
(p. 34).
1095 The Gaharwārs gain possession of Benares and Ajodhya (p. 509).
1091 Accession of Siddharāja Jayasingha in Gujarāt (p. 517).
1099 Death of Ibrāhīm and accession of Masóūd III in Ghazni (p. 35).
1101 Death of Vinayāditya Hoysala and accession of Ballāla I (p. 474).
1106 Death of Ballāla I and accession of Vishnu Hoysala (p. 474).
1115 • Death of Masóūd III and accession of Shirzād in Ghazni (p. 35),
## p. 666 (#716) ############################################
666
CHRONOLOGY
A. D.
1116
1118
1119
1120
1128
1138
1141
1143
1149
1150
1151
1152
1160
1173
1175
Deposition of Shirzad and accession of Arsalān Shah (p. 35).
Deposition of Arsalān Shāh and accession of Bahrām Shāh (p. 35).
Death of Kulottunga, Chālukya-Chola (p. 469).
Suppression of the rebellion of Bahlim in the Punjāb (p. 35).
Vijaya Sena establishes his independence in Bengal (p. 511).
Death of Rāmapāla in Bihār (p. 511).
Death of Vikramāditya VI, Chālukya and accession of Somēsvara
III (pp. 469-78).
The Parihārs oust the Kachhwähas from Gwalior. The Kachh-
wāhas establish themselves in Amber (p. 533).
Death of Sõm svara III and accession of Jagadekamalla, Chalukya
(p.
